the Commander having almost lost a Hand and not able to stop the flight of his men retired to the City Mean while Timoja not to be out-done took another Bulwark on the Continent defended by some Artillery and 30 men Then they sounded the River Next day as Albuquerque entred the River he was met by Mirali and other Chief Men of the City who came to surrender it upon condition their Lives Liberties and Estates should be secured The reason of this surrender was that the Turk Yaçu had terrified them with the relation of what he had seen a few Portugueses do and that a Iogue these are Religious Men among those People esteemed Saints and Prophets not long before had declared that place should soon be subject to Strangers Albuquerque accepted the offer and anchoring before the City on the 17th of February was received on the Shoar as if he had been their Natural Prince He mounted on a Horse they brought him with Rich Furniture at the Gate received the Keys and went on to the Pallace built by Sabayo He found there much Cannon Arms Tackle and many Horses Next he gave such Orders as were to the satisfaction of all the City then dispatched several Embassies to divers Kings which produced no effect only shewed the greatness of his Thought 4. The Neighbouring Towns depending on Goa came instantly to make their submission and were kindly received The Command of the Fort was given to Don Antonio de Noronna the Government of the Infidels to Timoja and so the other Posts to the general satisfaction Understanding that Ships of Ormuz and the â—…oast of Arabia were lading at Baticala four Vessels were sent thither which took and carried them to Cochin sending plenty of Provision to Albuquerque Now our Fortune begins to frown The Moors begin to exercise their Treachery Those whom Albuquerque most relied upon conspire and after four Months revolt notwithstanding the most faithful Timoja blamed his confidence They had delivered themselves up so easily to shun their own ruin and gain time till Ismael Hidalcam prepared to come to their relief So it fell out and he came on with great Power sending before his great General Camalcam with 1500 Horse and 8000 Foot Albuquerque disposed his men with great diligence and order to receive him 5. The first step was to secure the Heads of the Conspiracy and the chief being Mir Cazem to whom he had given the Command of 400 Moors and his Nephew they were hewed to pieces by his Guards others were hanged in publick places and others kept Prisoners there being 100 convicted This discovery with the punishment terrified the City Camalcam attempted to pass over to the Island having prepared Boats to that effect Don Antonio opposed him and took 12 Boats Many of the Enemies were killed many devoured by the Crocodiles wherewith that River abounds Nevertheless Camalcam landed in the Island which was quitted by our men and some Cannon had been lost had not two Masons maintained it though our Gentry fled till they were killed and it brought off After some resistance all retired into the City Camalcam encamped about it playing his Cannon effectually Albuquerque did what the Place permitted and now comes up Hidalcam with 60000 Men whereof 5000 were Horse Part of this Army passed the River and the rest was divided into two parts one Commanded by a Famous Officer the other by his Mother and Women who maintained their Souldiers by the gain of 4000 Common Women they had with them so that the Women lived upon them and they upon the Women The siege was closed by the coming of the King and no place left Albuquerque to act any thing considerable It is prudence sometimes to yield to necessity It was resolved in a Council before day to abandon the City This was executed with great hazard for the way to the Ships began to be stopped by Hidalcam and Albuquerque had his Horse killed yet got off without loss after a siege of 20 days 6. It was resolved to winter in that Sea and to this effect drew into a Bay though not commodious the best thereabouts and because the Fort of Pangi with much Artillery incommoded them there was no remedy but gaining of it 300 Portugueses were appointed for the attack Don Antonio de Noronha with a Party was appointed as a reserve to relieve where there was most need and Albuquerque to guard the Shoar At the same time they prepared by Night to appear with the day before the Fort there marched 500 men sent by Hidalcam to reinforce it They Joy of these People was so great that those without as well as those within being all drunk they mistook our Men one side thinking it was the Relief sent them and the other believing it was the Garrison came out to receive them They were undeceived by the execution done upon them 340 being slain the rest rouced with the loss of one man accidentally drowned The same hapned at the Bulwark Timoja had before gained at Bardes Hidalcam hearing of this was so terrified that he went from the City and his fear was the more because some Conjurer had told him he should be killed by a great Shot near some River He sent some ceremonious Messages to Albuquerque to discover what was doing aboard the Ships and he answered still adding to his fear By this means he exchanged those Moors he had kept Prisoners for the Portugueses that were left in the City at their abandoning of it 7. Albuquerque had intelligence some Vessels were preparing to burn his Ships and he resolved to anticipate by firing them and they being drove up the Harbour Don Antonio de Noronha was killed in this action This man used to moderate the Violent Passions of his Uncle Albuquerque who immediately after shewed the effect of his rigid Severity by hanging a Souldier because he found him with one of the Slaves he called Daughters that he used to give in Marriage And when some of the Officers asked him what Authority he had to put this in execution putting them under Deck he lifted his Sword over them saying That was his Commission against all that were disobedient and then broke them all They all suffered much hardship this Winter especially Hunger Sailing hence they discovered four Sail which were judged to be Turks but coming nearer appeared to be some of the Fleet come from Portugal 8. This year King Emanuel had dispatched two Squadrons for India one of seven the other of four Ships after them went out two Ships more and a third to settle a Trade at Madagascar The four Ships under Iames Mendez were those Albuquerque met at his setting out from Goa and gave him the News of the other Ships that were on their way which was a great satisfaction to him being the better enabled to prosecute his great designs Gonçalo Siqueira with the seven Ships arrived at Cananor soon after Albuquerque who communicated the enterprize upon Goa but was
of his Ships lays D. Paul's Galliot on Board the others did the like to the other three whereof two shamefully fled the third stood by it till he was sunk Now all the Enemies force fell upon D. Paul who with fifty Men he had did things behond belief killing above two hundred Mores but with the loss of thirty Portugueses D. Paul was so wounded he was forc'd to sit down and gave order to make to the Enemy who was drawn off Canatale who was preparing to fall on again seeing the Galliot beyond Expectation make at him stood away D. Paul return'd to God being in no condition to reach Cananor 5. There our Men were much streightned by the number of the Enemies who were Masters of the Field Andrew de Sousa made a good resistance till he dying and D. Antony de Noronna succeeding him with the relief he carried in several reâ—…counters they kill'd above Two thousand Mores and cut down Forty thousand Palm-trees This is the greatest harm can be done that People because those Trees are their princiâ—…l Sustenance The City enrag'd hereat â—…ll'd together all the Neighbourhood to the number of Ninety Thousand to take Revenge They had the boldness to assault and scale thâ—… Forâ—… with such confidence of carrying it that they had before-hand divided the Booty Nicâ—…aripo a Nayre did us great Service advising D. Payo de Noronna then commanding there to put the Men and Riches of the Town as not tenable into the Fort. All was drawn in except D. Antony de Noronnâ—… and his Men who said he would live and die by those Walls and staid accordingly The Men all prepared themselves for Death and stood at their Arms all the last night 6. By break of day the Enemy attack'd the Works with great crys and above Two thousand of them entred the City In one place Emanuel Travaâ—…s with Thirty Men did great Execution upon them D. Antony appear'd in all Parts Thomas de Sousa Gasper de Brito and the two Betancores made great slaughter at their Posts The Field was so cover'd that never a Bullet was lost The Enemy began to give back when two Cazices brought them on again The assault lasted till Sun-setting then the Enemy retired to their Camp with a resolution to protract the Siege About Five thousand of them were kill'd 7. At this time came Gonâ—…la Pereyra with his Fleet and was a great encouragement to them all and after him Alvaro Paez de 〈◊〉 to succeed D. Payo They both prosecuted the War and utterly destroyed the City of Aderrajao who commanded at the Siege and cut down a great Wood of Palm-trees with considerable slaughter to the Enemy and without losing one Man This was the end of that Siege CHAP. II. Continues the Government of D. Anton. de Noronna 1. THE Tyrant Raju disturb'd the Peace of Ceylen resolving to make himself Master of the whole Island He gather'd a numerous Army and the better to surprize the Portugueses in Columbo gave out his design was upon Cota He encamped between the two Forts and alarming Cota imagin'd they were unprovided at Columbo and suddenly attacques it by Night so that above Two thousand Men mounted the Walls but were as soon thrown down by the Commander Iames de Ataide and his Men. The Assault was renew'd but at length the Enemy having lost Five hundred Men retired Raju resolv'd to carry both places by Famine since he could not by force At Cota he attempted to drain the Ditch by turning away the River and had compassed it had not Peter de Ataide with some Musqueteers oblig'd his Workmen to give over killing Three hundred of them It is said a Cloud miraculously hung between our Men and the Enemy which conceal'd the former from the latter but not them from us so that they fired at a Mark without being seen 2. But now Provisions began to fail in Cota and they fed on things loathsom Ataide thinking to take some of the Enemies Elephants that were in a Wood hard by sallied out with Eighty Men but being over-power'd with a multitude was forc'd to retire having lost two Raju knowing how famine raged had corrupted not only the Natives but some Portugueses Luis Carvallo rather through Dispair than good Will discover'd the Treason and Ataide without taking notice he knew it gain'd the Hearts of the Conspirators by favouring and cherishing them The little Silver he had he coin'd and distributed among them 3. George de Melo commanding in the Island Manâ—…r easily perswaded the King of Candea as being an Enemy to Raju to invade his Country now he was absent thinking by that means to draw him from the Siege He sent Five thousand Men and with them Thirty â—…gueses commanded by Belchior de Sousa they destroyed all as they went and â—…tterly faâ—…ed the great City Chilao yet Raju 〈◊〉 stir'd On the contrary he prepar'd 〈◊〉 Assault Cota by Night A Chingala Woman appear'd at the foot of the Bastion Preaâ—… desiring to be carried to our Captain 〈◊〉 discover'd to him Raju's design and 〈◊〉 the saving of the City Some believed 〈◊〉 Woman was an Angel the truth is she was Mistress to one of our Souldiers and â—…ing her Lover's danger made this discoâ—… There is nothing so â—…d but at someâ—… does good 4. Peâ—… de Ataide sent Antony de Silvâ—… to 〈◊〉 to order Iames as soon as he hearâ—… Câ—…on 〈◊〉 at Night to sally with his Men and fall upon the back of Raju's Army that would be then busie in the Assault George de Melo was already come thither from Manar with One hundred Men seeing the Project of Candea take no effect In the dead of Night the Enemy attacks the City on all hands and finds those of Cota ready to receive him Yet killing some of the Defendants they enter the Works in one place thither the King and Peter hast and with incredible bravery drive them out again Stephen Gouzales Captain of the Innamos with Seven Men did the like upon the like occasion 5. At this time came from Columbo the other Ataide and Melo who by reason of the darkness of the Night could do no more but fire the Enemy's Camp and return to their Fort lest if he succeeded here he should immediately attack it Raju in Person with the Flower of his Army attacks the Bastion of Preacota where he found Fifty Soldiers that seem'd to him to be Fifty thousand by the harm they did him These Men afterwards declared That they saw in the Air a beautiful Woman who with her Vail cover'd them and received therein the Enemies Bullets and Arrows whereof many returned upon and kill'd them By her side was a venerable old Man with a General 's Staff in his hand This was supposed to be the Blessed Virgin and St. Ioseph Raju in the Morning seeing this great disappointment fled to Ceytavaca leaveing above Two thousand Men dead 6. Peter de Ataide fearing he might return and being quite destitute of
from the Year 1545 till the Year 1548 in the Reign of King JOHN the Third 1. ABOUT the latter end of August or beginning of September Arrived at Goa six Ships from Portugal Commanded by Don Iohn de Castro who went to Ease Martin Alfonso of the Government Immediately as is Customary in India Complaints were carried to the New Governour against the Old The chief the Crying-down the Value of Money which was immediately restored to its former Value This gave occasion to Martin Alfonso to go away dissatisfied and the other to remain so upon the manner of his Discontent falling out after having very well agreed These Governours and their Governments seem to resemble the Soul and Body which never part without great struglings 2. Don Iohn began his Government as is usual sending Commanders and Officers to several Forts and Towns Bernardin de Sousa went to succeed Iurdan de Freytas at Ternate carrying with him the King Aeiro to hold that Crown till other Orders came from Portugal it being left to our King by the deceased Tabarija as was said before Ferdinand de Sousa Tavora who was sent against the Spaniards Commanded by Villalobos reduced him to a necessity of surrendring himself and continuing at Ternate till the Season of sailing for India where he and his Men might either remain in the Portugues Service or return in their Ships to Europe This Difficulty surmounted Sousa resolved to take Revenge of Catabruno King of Gilolo for the Injuries he did the Portugueses and New Converts since he Tyrannically usurped the Crown killing his Lawful Sovereign 3. Sousa consulted his own Men and the new Guests who approved of his Resolution and Villalobos offered to bear him Company They made up Four hundred Spaniards and Portugueses and Fifteen hundred Ternatenses Coming to an Anchor in the Port they found the Tyrant ready to receive them well fortified and provided with Cannon The Christians began to batter them but received more damage than they did Sousa perceiving there was no way but by giving an Assault gave the first of the Attack to Iohn Galvan and Bernard de la Torre the first a Portugues the other a Spaniard who sticking in the Thorns the Tyrant had designedly strewed about and scarce able to move stood as a Mark to the Enemies Bullets and Arrows Catabruno Charges them with Three thousand Men. Sousa comes to their Relief and the Fight was desperate for both Spaniards and Portugueses did Wonders Night parted and Morning brought them together the Dispute was hot till Galvan being killed his Men were put in disorder all our Body came to their Relief and brought them off forcing the Enemy to retire to their Works Our Captain seeing no likelyhood of prevailing returned to Ternate whence he went to India with the Spaniards as had been Agreed only Villalobos excepted who died in the Fort. 4. Coje Zofar at Cambaya now his Princes Favourite kept a fair Correspondence with the Portugueses but with the natural Perfidiousness of a Moor. He persuaded the King a second time to endeavour the shaking off the Yoak of the Fort of Diu and to this effect drew together a great Number of Men yet had more hopes to succeed by Policy than strength He agreed with an Infamous Portugues called Ruy Freâ—…re to poyson the Cistern fire the Magazine and upon a Sign given admit him into the Fort. An Ethiopian a Turk and a Woman Slave discovered the Treachery Coje Zofar was astonished to see his Design discovered and began to Complement D. Iohn Mascarenhas Commander of the Fort pleading That the Cause of breaking the Peace had been because they obstructed building that Wall which D. Garcia de Noronha had so weakly allowed and Emanuel de Sousa had couragiously beat down Coje Zofar dissembled while he gathered a great Power and D. Iohn perceiving the Danger that threatned him prepared to meet it and gave Advice thereof to the Governour and Neighbouring Commanders 5. A considerable number of Men was already drawn together in the City Diu and among them Five hundred Turks sent from Mecha by the King of Zibit D. Iohn assigned every Man his Post and placed an Officer with 30 Men in each of the four Bastions his Lieutenant over the Gate with Twenty another with the like Number in a small Work reserving Fifty for himself to be wherever the greatest Danger called This was the Number of Men he had and thus ordered when Coje Zofar came on with all his Power resolving to attack the Bastion of the Sea with three Castles built upon a Ship of prodigious bigness well stored with Cannon to batter the Wall Within the Castles were Two hundred Turks who were to distract the Desendants by pouring in continually all sorts of Artificial Fire-works This Design succeeded not for our Commander having notice of it sent Iacome Leite to burn that Ship He took twenty Men in two Vessels and though he set out by Night was discovered yet did not desist but couragiously went on and set fire to it then retiring saw a great part of it fly into the Air with most of the Turks the Remainder casting such a Flame as at a distance discovered the Enemies Army running in Batalions to quench the Fire Iacome seeing them in Clusters let fly his Cannon and killed many of them In this Action he had seven Men wounded He went on to the Mouth of the River and took from the Enemy some Vessels of Provision with which he returned to the Fort much admired of all 6. Coje Zofar began to build the Wall that had been before beat down which could not be hindred though our Cannon killed many of the Workmen but was brought to such perfection that he planted â—…hereon Sixty great Cannon besides many small and one of such extraordinary bigness that it shook the whole Island and made pieces of the Fort fly it was managed by an expert French Renegado At this time arrived D. Ferdinand de Castro Son to the Governour sent by him with some Relief of Men. Mascarenhas wanted some Intelligence from the Enemies Camp Iames de Anaya Coutino a Gentleman of Note and Man of great strength knowing of it at Night putting a Helmet on his Head with a Sword by his side and Spear in his Hand let himself down the Wall and lying close at some distance from the Fort discovered two Moors who being come up to him he killed the one with the Spear and taking up the other in his Arms run with him to the Gate of the Fort and calling threw him in to the great admiration of those that beheld it This was much but what follows is more He had borrowed the Helmet he carried and promised on the word of a Gentleman to restore it or dye In this Scuffle it fell off and he mist it not till the Owner asked for it He said nothing but letting himself off the Wall again went to look for found and restored it Nothing
struck him out of his Books never to â—…e received into Service This also was put in execution Almeyda's Crime was That he had seemed to undervalue the Kings Favour refusing some Grace offered him The Vice-Roy was concerned that the differences between the Kings of Pimienta and Cochiâ—… grew daily greater Towards the End of November the Vice-Roy sailed with a good Fleet to assist the latter who was our Friend He was met at Sea by D. Iames de Noronha and his Fleet with whom came Gonçalo Pereyra Marramaque who was received with much Joy for his great Bravery in the late Action with the Turks It was agreed after some Consultation to land in the Islands called Alagada's belonging to the King of Pimienta The Natives in crowds opposed our Men landing with showers of Arrows but the Cannon made way After a vigorous Resistance all was destroyed with Fire and Sword only one Man was lost on our side 12. Gomes de Silva was left to prosecute the War which he did so successfully that the King sued for Peace which was concluded to our advantage and he was satisfied with the restitution of the Islands his Wife and the People taken in them The Vice-Roy dispatched the Ships for Portugal That of Ferdinand Alvarez Cabral was Cast-away at Aguada de S. Blas some of the Men got ashoar in Boats After a tedious Journey by Land Cabral and D. Alvaro de Noronha with his Family were drowned in a River The Vice-Roy sent his Son D. Ferdinand with a good Fleet to the Red-Sea He attempted to gain the Fort of Dofar but was repulsed with loss of seven or eight Men so he returned without any effect 14. At Diu arose New Troubles on account of the death of the King Sultan Manaud He was bred with Poison like Mithridates that none might hurt him When his Women were near their time he opened them to take out the Children He was one day hunting a Deer with some of them and falling off from his Horse hung by the Stirrup the Horse dragged him and one of the Women running cut the Girts with a Cimiter in requital he killed her saying A Woman of such courage had enough to kill him A Page in whom he had great confidence murdered him for Tyrants always dye by the hands of those they trust A Child accounted his Son succeeded him The Nobility offended at the Insolence of Madre Maluco who with the Title of Governour managed the Affairs of the Crown rebelled in several parts One of these was Abixcan at Diu who suffering his Men to Affront ours obliged D. Iames de Almeyda to enter the City with Five hundred Men killing a great number and plundering their Houses Abixcan though late saw his Error and came to Composition and was afterwards more submissive than had been at first desired of him 14. D. Iames de Noronha succeeded Almeyda in that Post in pursuance of the Kings Order before-mentioned The Moors forgetting their Fault and the Punishment they had incurred relapsed again Noronha with Six hundred Men so refreshed their Memories that they abandoned the City Cide Elal who Commanded in the Castle that was in the City offered to defend himself but seeing our Men begin to scale it submitted to march away without Arms. The Castle was demolished Scarce was it done when Abixcan appeared with Four hundred Men. Ferdinand de Castanoso advanced to meet him with One hundred and twenty but Three hundred of the Enemies Horse obliged him to retire in such disorder that on a sudden he found he had but seventeen Men left He posted himself where the Horse could not come and the Three hundred Enemies dismounting beset the 18 who back to back defended themselves till they were all killed their Hearts cut out and carried to the General 15. D. Iames de Norona marched on with the rest of the Men ignorant of what had happened but so impatient to engage with Abixcan that he could no way be dissuaded from pressing forward Meeting the Three hundred Horse he fell on furiously and put them to flight but Abixcan coming on with his Cannon D. Iames was forced to retire rather losing than gaining Reputation in this Action Common Conveniency brought them to an Accommodation Noronha this day lost by his Rashness what he often deserved for his Valour for the Factor endeavouring to stop his fury and saying to him He ought to consider the King's Fort would be lost He Answered in a Passion No matter when I am gone all is gone This saying was remembred when he was in election to be Vice-Roy of India and deprived him of that Post because it was thought so great a Trust could not with safety be reposed upon so rash a Man 16. The Great Turk hearing Miradobec was come off worse than the Unfortunate Pirbec and Alechelubij making great boast of what he would do gave him the Command of fifteen Galleys D. Ferdinand who was come out of the Red-Sea went after them On the 25th of August he had sight of them near Mascate Alechelubij not daring to give Battle endeavoured to get off with all his Galleys but six of them could not escape being taken by our Caravels 17. D. Ferdinand put into Mascate refitted the Galleys bought the Slaves and appointed them Captains Alechelubij pursued by some of our Vessels was drove into Suratt with seven of his nine Galleys and there shut up by D. Hierome de Castellobranco Nuno de Castro and D. Emanuel Mascarenhas The other two were pursued by D. Ferdinand de Monroy and Antony Valadares till they were beaten to pieces on the Coast of Damam and Daru 18. But because one is coming to succeed our Vice-Roy let us say somewhat of him He was modest easie and not active which was the Cause his Government answered not expectation As to his Person he was of a middle Stature a graceful Countenance and agreeable Behaviour his Complexion swarthy his Hair black In the number of Vice-Roys he was the 5th in that of Governours the 17th and held it four years the second of the Name and Sirname CHAP. XI The Government of the Vice-Roy D. Peter de Mascarenhas from the Year 1554 till 1555 King JOHN the Third still Reigning 1. DOn Peter de Mascarenhas was of one of the best Families of Portugal and had born the most considerable Offices in the Kingdom and was 70 years of Age when named Vice-Roy of India He set out of Lisbon with six Ships one of them was drove back and that in which he went as soon as he Landed at Goa sunk downright In these Ships were Two thousand Land-men The first thing the Vice-Roy did he appointed his Nephew Ferdinand Martinez Admiral to the great dissatisfaction of all Men. Martinez had 32 Sail given him and Orders to bring to Goa the 7 Turkish Galleys that were blocked up at Suratt Cáraçen Commander of that place would not permit it and gave good sufficient Reasons for his refusing so by
visited the King of Borneo offering him liberty to trade at Malaca Borneo is an Island fruitful of Provisions rich in costly Merchandize and produces the finest Diamonds The King is powerful his Religion the Mahometan so his People The City of that Name is large has beautyful Buildings and strong Walls The Island has four principal Ports to which resort Merchants from sundry parts The Offer pleased the King Gonçalo Pereyra arriving at Ternate D. George de Meneses delivered him the Fort and King Cachil Daialo who was there prisoner The Queen his Mother who had fled from her City as was before related hearing of the new Commander sent to put him in mind how kindly the King her Husband had received the Portugueses how ungrateful the Return had been from them who caused his Son and Heir to die in a prison and now kept the other and obliged her their Mother to fly to the Mountains having lost the City where she was born and whereof she was Queen That she demanded Reparation of D. George his Cruelty and Liberty for her Son After some Scruples Gonçalo Pereyra solemnly swore he would set him at liberty as soon as opportunity served whereupon she returned to the City and they agreed as did the King of Tidore being eased of a Tribute imposed by D. George which he was not able to pay There was also an Accommodation with the Spanish Captain Ferdinand de la Torre Thus things were settled as was suitable to the Portugues Reputation 20. Gonçalo Pereyra in pursuance of the Governor's Orders made D. George a prisoner He was carried to Goa thence to Portugal whence he was banished to Brasil and killed by the Heathens there in a Battel After this Gonçalo Pereyra examined the Proceedings of the Portugues Officers of the Revenue and found them guilty of great Frauds They offended at this Discovery conspired with the Queen to kill him which they executed tho he defended himself with Resolution yet most of the Murderers were killed by the other Portugueses who maintained the Fort which was in great danger of being lost and Luis de Andrade kept the Command as Lieutenant 21. Bras Pereyra who commanded by Sea would have succeeded his Kinsman But the Conspirators elected Vincent Fonseca one of their Companions He having promised the Queen her Sons Liberty if she would assist him in obtaining that Post now loaded him with Irons and secured his Brothers and Family She withdrawing into the Country stopped all provisions from coming to the Fort and so obliged him to set her Son free and all was appeased for the present 22. This Quiet lasted not long for the King being near of Age to govern Pate Sarangue who governed for him finding his power expiring conspired with Fonseca to set up Tabarija the King's Bastard Brother who was younger To this effect they began to lay several scandalous Imputations upon the King and Fonseca attempted to secure him which he having notice of fled to the Mountain Fonseca follows pretending he had a Design upon the Fort. The King might have defended himself but forbore in respect to the Portugueses whom he loved He fled with his Mother to Tidore His Enemies set up Tabarija and following to Tidore oblige both Kings to seek security in the Mountains Fonseca was the more inraged against the King for that at his return a Moor had killed his Son and endeavoured to slay Tabarija who escaped and because many obeyed not the Usurper calling him Fonseca's King whereas they might more properly term Fonseca Tabarija's King He sent Pate Sarangue with Forces and subdued all He by treachery catched the Queen Mother and gave her as Wife to Sarangue and the deposed King's Wife to the Usurper The distressed King leaving his Mother and Friends had recourse to the King of Gilolo's Courtesie 23. Now Fonseca sends Blas Pereyra and others prisoners to India The Governor informed of the Insolences committed at Ternate sent Tristant de Altaide to command there who secured Fonseca and sent him to Goa With him went the Spaniards from Gilolo in order to be sent to Spain in the Portugues Ships But the King of Gilolo refusing to surrender the Spaniards Tristan was obliged to go with a power in which the Kings of Ternate Tidore and Bacham joined the City was abandoned and burnt and the Spaniards set at liberty 24. Tristan de Ataide at the instigation of Samarao put Tabarija in prison and set up his younger Brother Cachil Aeiro The King's Mother and Sarangue were also secured and the City became desolate the Natives of it finding no Comfort in their Neighbours who upbraided them for admitting so wicked a People as the Portugueses who since they had footing in this Island were guilty of the most exorbitant Villanies that could be imagined In fine Ataide sent those Prisoners to Goa for the Crimes he was guilty of himself and so Nuno de Cuna judged it taking care to send them back to their Country 25. Now Tristan de Ataide employed his Thoughts on the Profit he designed to make by the Sale of Cloves and ordered it so that the King of Bacham would not consent Tristan in a rage sent his Men armed the King protested he was a faithful Friend to the King of Portugal but they sought Spice for themselves not Friendship for their King So they were convinced by the Sword many killed and the rest were shamefully put to flight Tristan in a greater fury joining with the Kings of Ternate and Tidore forced him of Bacham to abandon his City which was destroyed and to sue for peace which was sold him for a Tribute to be paid in Cloves Yet at the same time this King conspires with those of Gilolo Tidore and the deposed of Ternate and with Samarao to kill Ataide and take the Fort. They began their Design by persuading him to send Ships several ways where he lost many Men and Cachil Daialo the deposed King of Ternate laying hold of the opportunity recovered part of his Kingdom with the assistance of those of Gilolo Tidore Bacham Maquiem and Moutel with whose aid the Ternates slew all the Portugueses about the Island Ataide prepared to take revenge when Simon Sodre arrived from Malaca with a Ship and many Men that brought new life to the desperate Ataide and put him in a posture to recover some places 26. The Moors endeavoured to burn some of our Vessels bringing to execute this design almost three hundred Sail they received some damage but would not desist nor hearken to Ataide who sued for Peace being in the Fort and reduced to eat all sorts of Vermin D. Ferdinand de Monroy a Spanish Gentleman who came from Banda with Provisions delivered him out of this danger This Success was answered by a Misfortune for all the Inhabitants fled from Ternate and the Moors killed some of his Men and took a Ship but now a new Captain comes to the Fort which stood in need of it Tristan de
Churches of S. Thomas and S. Iames which they endeavoured to burn but could not compass The Passes were valiantly defended all the Winter 19. On the nineteenth of September Martin Alfonso de Sousa set out of Goa with one hundred and fifty Men in fifteen Vesels and passing by Calamute two thousand Nayres would have kept him in whereof he killed many dispersed the rest burnt their Town and took seven Barques He arrived at Cochin where were five Ships newly come from Portugal The King of Calicut understanding Martin Alfonso was coming to meet him with almost a thousand Men drew off Martin Alfonso now bent his Force against the King of Repelim who had offended him of Cochin Antony de Brito who had led the Van met a vigorous opposition at this Island till Martin coming up they fled who maintained the Outworks The King retired to his City in which were six thousand fighting Men. Next day Sousa attacked it after some resistance the King and all the Defendants fled As Sousa entered a Mosque he had like to be killed by a Moor but receiving the Stroke on his Buckler he run the Moor through with a Javelin This Victory cost us fourteen Men the City was plundered and reduced to Ashes The principal part of the Booty that fell to the King of Cochin on whose account this Action was undertaken was a piece of Marble by him highly valued because on it were carved the Names of the Kings of Malabar for three thousand years past which was taken from him by the King of Repelim some Brass Plates with Serpents engraved on them esteemed a great Relick by the conquered King and his Hat lost in the flight which among them is the greatest Disgrace to the Conquered and highest Glory to the Victor 20. The King of Calicut returns with forty thousand Men to attempt the Pass of Cambalam Martin Alfonso posts Francis de Barros de Payra to keep the Pass of Cranganor with three Vessels which proved of great use he himself goes to the other and landing sees five thousand of the King's Men attempt to pass the Ford. Our Men began to fear but he encouraging them boldly falls on and killing three hundred of the Enemy made them turn their Backs Zamori comes up with the Gross of his Army attempts the Ford and is repulsed with equal loss Now the Prince of Cochin joins us with twenty thousand Nayres Martin Alfonso leaves Antony de Brito with them and four hundred Portugueses who in the space of twenty days fought six Battels with the King of Calicut wherein he made such havock as obliged him to draw off with great Loss and greater Shame 21. The Reason why Martin Alfonso left that Post was because like a watchful Commander he was at once in two places by his Vigilance here in Body and in Thought at Sea where now appeared a powerful Fleet of Calicut He therefore seeing the Valour of Brito and the assistance of those Nayres left him to command there and put to Sea with three hundred Portugueses in eleven Ships At Chale he met Iames Reynoso with five Vessels Cutiale Admiral of Calicut had taken one from him he took Reynoso with him He went in search of Cutiale and found him with twenty five Vessels and in them fifteen hundred Men some of our Vessels impatient of delay advanced before the rest and forced him to retire to Tiracole whither Martin Alfonso pursuing the Fight lasted till night with great slaughter of the Enemy who fortified themselves and in the morning appeared six thousand strong having flocked from all the Neighbourhood Just at this time came an Express from the King of Cochin desiring Martin Alfonso to return with all speed because the King of Calicut knowing he was absent was coming down with a fresh Power This Advice diverted any farther Action He returned and the King of Calicut who came on because he was absent retired as soon as he knew he was present So great is the Force of Conceit 22. Mean while Madune Pandar King of Ceitavaca besieged his Brother of Cota with a Fleet by Sea Nuno Freyre de Andrade in defence of the latter went to Columbo to meet the other with only eight Portugueses and six hundred Natives where he killed many and took four Paraos with good Artillery Madune demanded Aid of Zamori he sent him two thousand Men. With this Assistance he besieged the City of Cota for the Term of three Months Knowing then that Martin Alfonso was coming to his Brother's Relief who had desired it as a Subject of Portugal he raised the Siege When Martin came Madune was drawn off and reconciled to his Brother There being nothing left for Martin Alfonso to do here having visited the King who was most thankful for the speedy Succour he set out in search of the Malabar Fleet which had assisted Madune and met it at Mangalor where after a sharp Encounter it was defeated and twelve hundred Moors slain CHAP. VIII Still continues the Government of Nuno de Cuna from the Year 1537 till the Year 1538 in the Reign of King John the Third 1. THE King of Cambaya Badur who with only the assistance of the Portugueses had recovered his Kingdom now studied their Ruin and repenting he had granted leave to raise the Fort endeavoured to take it and kill the Commander and all the Garrison Nuno de Cuna understood his wicked Design and began to prepare to prevent it That brave Gentleman Emanuel de Sousa then commanded at Diu by him Badur designed to begin the Execution On the eighth of October at night a Moor came to the Wall and told Sousa The King would send for him next day to kill him that he would not tell his Name leâ—…t it might be thought an invention to get a Reward Emanuel was long in doubt whether to go or stay at last he resolved to go and using at other times to have a numerous Retinue well armed went now with only one Servant being sent for at the hour he had been before warned The King seeing him unconcerned converted his malice for that time into an honorable Reception and Emanuel returned to the Fort. The King's Mother endeavoured to dissuade him from this wicked intention and he thought it was better by often visiting the Captain in the Fort to take off all suspicion and so murder him there and seize upon it He was of a violent nature and so began his first Visit at an unseasonable hour of the night not regarding the very unseasonableness was enough to render it suspicious Sousa received him upon his Guard they discoursed of things indifferent the King went away believing he had ensnared Sousa and he had given him a sufficient caution 2. Nuno de Cuna being advertised by Emanuel de Sousa of the posture of Affairs at Diu thought strange That he had not secured the King when in his Power and his wicked Intentions were known and that he had given out that Ships
were come from Portugal with great Supplies This Invention endangered Nuno for Badur resolved to murder him first that he might not come to the Relief of the Fort when Sousa was killed He writ to him desiring he would come to Diu about important Affairs Nuno tho he knew his wicked Designs made no difficulty of going He set out of Goa on the ninth of Ianuary and with what Vessels he carried and followed him appeared there with near three hundred Sail. 3. He put in at Chaul and found that Nizamaluco induced thereto by Badur had been there with eight thousand Men pretending it was to divert his Women at Sea but in reality with an ill design on that place which was disappointed by the care of Simon Guedez who commanded there At Baâ—…aim he took up his Brother-in-law Antony de Silveyra a Man of great worth and left in his place Ruy Vaz Pereyra 4. King Badur was at that time in the mountains hunting Nuno sent to visit him but he who let slip no opportunity now especially prevented him by sending to him first one Iohn de Santiago not long before a Christian but fallen again and become a Favourite of Badur by the name of Frangue Cham. Cuna was indisposed and feigned himself worse so lying off of Diu he sent to excuse himself to the King for not landing immediately The King feigning great Friendship presently enters into a Boat in which he had sent Nuno a Present of Venison There went with him thirteen Men of Quality and Emanuel de Sousa who had carried the last Message from Nuno de Cuna to him He received him aboard the Galeon in the best manner he could Being seated they discoursed of indifferent things but the King was surprised to see a Page whisper Nuno de Cuna and it was a Message from Emanuel de Sousa who believing he was to be there secured or killed sent word that some Captains were waiting his Orders The King was somewhat quieter seeing Cuna did not mind the Page and soon rose and went away Cuna had thought it strange that Sousa did not secure the King when he had him in the Fort alone and now having him aboard the Gallion he did not detain him Nuno ordered all the Officers to accompany the King first and then Emanuel de Sousa to the Fort where he proposed to secure the King when he came to visit him as the King on the other side had resolved to seize him at a dinner he had a design to invite him to and send him to the great Turk in a Cage 5. Emanuel de Sousa was going to invite the King to the Fort while Nuno de Cuna got thither He came up with the King 's Catur or Barge and made the offer by the means of Rume Cham who at the sametime advised the King not to go because he suspected they would secure him He slighted the Caution and bid Sousa come into his Barge who stepping over fell into the Sea but being taken up the Officers who came with him carried him to the King At the same time came up another of our Barges and some Gentlemen who seeing Emanuel de Sousa entred hastily into the Kings He suspecting their hasty coming aboard together with the Caution given by Rume Cham ordered his Officers to kill Emanuel de Sousa Iames de Mesquita understanding it flew at and wounded the King whilst they killed that valiant Captain There was a bloody Fray in which four of our Gentlemen were killed having slain seven of the Enemy Other of our Barges coming up received some damage from a Page who shot several with the King's Bow till killed with a Musquet Ball. Three of the King's Ships came up to rescue him He seeing the danger began to fly but was stopped by a Cannon shot which killed three of his Men that rowed The King thought now to escape by swimming but being in danger of drowning cried out discovering who he was Tristan de Payva de Santarem coming up reached out to him an Oar to bring him aboard his Vessel when a Soldier struck him cross the Face with a Halberd and so others till he was killed He was a little while above Water and then sunk and neither his nor Emanuel de Sousa his Body could be found tho Nuno de Cuna caused them to be diligently looked after to give them the due Funeral Honors 6. Most of the Citizens from the Walls beheld this Engagement and no sooner was the News of the King's Death spread but they began to abandon the City in such confusion that many were trampled to death running hastily to save life The fear was that Nuno de Cuna would fall upon the City for the Plunder but he soon quieted them with publick Proclamations Such as had not fled stayed and those who had returned He was seen to enter the Town unarmed comforting the Inhabitants and restraining the Avarice of his Men so that not the least Disorder was committed Then he went to the Fort. 7. He gave the Command of the Fort to Antony de Silveyra Meneses his Brother-in-law whom he brought from Baâ—…aim and the Sequel shewed it was his Worth not Kindred that procured him that Post. Payâ—… Rodiguez de Araujo was appointed his Lieutenant The Queen Mother was retired to Navanaguer Nuno de Cuna sent to comfort her and demonstrate the death of her Son had been of his own seeking but she would not hear the Messenger What was found in the Palace in Gold and Silver did not exceed two hundred thousand Pardaos The quantity of Ammunition was to be admired In the Port were one hundred and sixty Vessels some of great bulk No less wonderful was the number of Brass Cannon for that of Iron was not reckoned Among the first were found three Basilisks of such prodigious Greatness that Nuno de Cuna sent one as a rarity to Portugal which is to this day kept in the Castle of S. Iulian at the mouth of the River of Lisbon and called The Gun of Diu. 8. Among the dead King's Papers and those of Abdel Cader his Treasurer were found Letters from Saf Cham containing the progress he had made towards bringing the Turks upon the Portugueses and Copies of others from the King to those of Aden and Xael to the same purpose Nuno having gathered these and other Testimonies against the King called Coje Zofar a Man in great repute among the Mahoâ—…etans and Gentils who gathered the principal Merchants and Caziâ—…es that is Teachers of the Law Before all these the Governor produced the Letters and other Testimonials which convinced the wicked Designs of the King and justified all his own Proceedings in that Affair All the Moors and Pagans confessed themselves fully satisfied as to the Justice of the Action and accordingly gave him Certificates thereof in the Arabian and Persian Languages signed by Coje Zofar and the principal Merchants and Caziçes which were dispersed to the Princes of Decan Narsinga Ormuz and
better to gain the King 's good Will Martin Alfonso sent him a Present but he being suspicious would have killed the Messengers had not some Moors and a Gentil reputed a Saint and to be two hundred years of Age dissuaded him 4. Thirteen who carried the Present and thirty of forty wherewith Alfonso was invited to a Dinner were secured at the same time the former at Gouro and the latter at Chatigam the other ten that were with him were killed in the Fray 5. Nuno de Cuna hearing hereof by those who escaped in the Ships sent Antony de Silva Meneses with three hundred and fifty in nine Vessels to treat of ransoming the Prisoners with the assistance of Coje Sâ—…badim the Author of that Expedition and detained a Ship of his richly laden for security of his fair Proceedings therein Sylva from Chatigam sent the King the Governor's Letter and a Present The Answer being long a coming Sylva thought the King had secured the Messenger and so rashly fell upon and burnt Chatigam and other places As he was spreading Sail the Messenger came with the King's Answer who knowing what Antony had done kept the Prisoners more hardly 6. Necessity obliged him to turn his Severity into Kindness for Xercham a Man of Note with the Mogol disobliged by his Prince deserted to the King of Bengala with his Brother Hedele Cham. Both were put into great Posts Xercham now at the Head of a great Army resolved to revenge upon this King the Death of a Child by him murdered to secure himself the Crown At the same time Omaum the Mogol in revenge of what Xercham had done at Delhi met and defeated him But being apparently reconciled he recovered himself 7. Xercham streightened the King and he advised with Martin Alfonso how to withstand him when Iames Rabelo came to Chatigam sent by Nuno de Cuna with three Vessels to procure Martin's Liberty The King being in distress ordered him to be favourably entertained and to gain assistance from Nuno de Cuna sent him twenty two of the Prisoners Nuno sent nine Vessels Mean while Xercham marched to gain a Pass upon the Fort of Gorii which is where the Ganges enters Bengala By advice of Martin Alfonso the King sent two of his Vessels commanded by two Portugueses with eight others to stop his Passage They stopped him there and he taking another away set down before the City Gouro with forty thousand Horse two hundred thousand Foot and fifteen hundred Elephants Down the River came three hundred Almadies which sailed to the place where the King had eight hundred Paraos to oppose them Here eight Portugueses commanded by Duarte de Brito did wonders in the King's sight to take an Elephant that was swimming and much coveted by the King he was taken with the loss of three of the eight Xercham distressed the City and the King bought a Peace and was content that he from his Army should do him reverence 8. The King being at ease gave liberty to Martin Alfonso and his Men to go for India leaving only five as Hostages for the assistance he expected from the Governor Soon after Xercham returns and enters Gouro by force obliging the King already wounded to abandon the City who died on his way to Omaum the Mogol while Xercham plundered the place It was said Xercham drew off with above sixty millions of Gold value when Omaum came on bringing the dead King with him At this time Vasco Perez de Sampayo arrived with the Succour but acted nothing Omaum finding the City abandoned buried the King and set up in his place his own Brother-in law Mir Mahomet Zaman lately deprived of the Kingdom of Cambaya and soon after of this for Xercham having secured his Treasure with diligence returned to Gouro and made him fly thence 9. Omaum again set out to meet Xercham with one hundred thousand Horse and one hundred and fifty thousand Foot besides the Followers of the Army which were above two hundred thousand They met on the Banks of Ganges near the City Canose Xercham by a stratagem got the day with such a slaughter that Omaum with only twenty five Men never stopped till he came to Labor where his Brother Camiran Mirza received him better than he deserved Mirza being then under Cure of the Poison he had given him Xercham treated Omaum's Women taken in that Battel with great respect and afterwards restored them well convinced of his Modesty and Liberality 10. Omaum finding himself too weak for the Enterprize of Bengala bent his Thoughts against Cambaya and demanding Aid of his principal Subjects was by them disappointed He went into Persia in which King he had great Confidence on account of the Friendship of their Fathers Nor was he deceived for the Persian King received him with Magnificence gave him rich Presents and lastly an Army of twelve thousand Horse And because Sultan Xiath King of Quereman to whom he gave the Command of them excused himself saying It was not for his Reputation to engage where the person of his Prince was not He gave him hâ—… Son and Heir yet in his Nurses Arms and â—…ade him Governor of him So far can a truly royal Bounty extend when it resolves to do good 11. Besides these twelve thousand given by Xiath ten thousand Voluntiers offered themselves to Omaum Who joining his own Forces invested the City Candar where his Broster Astarii Mirza had proclaimed himself King of Mogostam The City taken he gave to the young Prince who possessed it not long but died soon of the Fatigue of the Marches King Sultan Xiath his Governor went to a City where many of the Persian Kings lie buried to inter the Infant leaving all the Men with Omaum for the space of two years under four General Officers These soon left him and returned to Persia where they were disgraced by the King and made incapable of any Post of Honor declaring he could not have wished the young Prince a more glorious death than he had in his Nurses Arms assisting such a Prince as Omaum Xercham raised by Fortune to a formidable pitch having at command four hundred thousand Horse and being courted by all the adjacent Princes aspiring now to greater Undertakings took the City Calijor of the Resbutos with intent to rob the Treasure that was there in a Temple Pointing a Cannon to kill an Elephant belonging to that Temple he killed himself for the Piece bursting tore him and many more to pieces So that Fire turned all his Glory into Smoke Such is the end of Pride 12. At Malaca there were no less Troubles than in these parts D. Paulo de Gama had the Command of this place he to found Alaudim King of Viantana Son to him of Bintam destroyed by Mascarenhas sent Sebastian Vieyra with five Pórtugueses to settle a Friendly Correspondence The King at the instigation of him of Pacem bound and poured boiling Water upon them till they died and then gave them to be
devoured by wild Beasts D. Paulo was not then in a condition to take revenge He sent Emanuel Godino to the Kings of Panda and Pate who concluded a Peace with them whereby Malaca was relieved with Provisions which he of Vjantana cut off on the other side The year 1534 D. Stephen de Gama came and took possession of that Command and repaired the Works Hearing some Vessels of the Enemy were in the River Muar he sent one to discover them he returned pursued by ten sent by Lacxemena who came to the assistance of Vjantana with seventy sent by his Uncle Tuam Gaba Instantly D. Paulo set out with nine Sail. Two Paraos were sent after to their assistance but too late for when they came up a bloody Battel was ended in which almost all our Men were slain having done wonders and made such a slaughter of the Enemy that they durst not take the Ships whose Crew they had killed Only three Men of Note escaped 13. D. Stephen now resolved to destroy the City of Vjantana and set out with twenty six Sail and two hundred and fifty Men. Vjantana is the South East Point of the Coast of Malaca from which forty Leagues distant On the West of it runs into the Sea the deep River Tor on whose Banks was seated King Alaudim's City and three Leagues below it a Fort so well stored with Cannon it could sink any Vessel should attempt the Entrance Here D. Stephen entred with much danger both Banks being covered with armed Men but a party of Musqueteers on each side cleared the Shores The first Attacks of the Fort D. Stephen received damage but afterwards did much more for the space of eight days The Besiegers began to dismay but were encouraged by D. Stephen and Peter Barriga Now the Enemy having received fresh Succour drew out into the Field where such slaughter of them was made that they fled that day in despair to the Fort and the next abandoned it the King escaping with his Women and Treasure The City Tor was plundered and burnt much Cannon and some Vessels taken such as could not be carried perished in the Flames and D. Stephen returned victorious to Malaca where he was received in triumph this being one of the notable Victories till then gained in Asia 14. The King began again Acts of Hostility and D. Stephen returns with four hundred Men. He found the Fort he had destroyed repaired and in it five thousand Men Five hundred of them were killed the first Assault Many Ships were burnt and D. Stephen marched towards the City when the King from the Mountain whither he had retired sent to treat of Peace He was ordered to send Hostages and sent an Uncle of his own with his Wives so D. Stephen returned to Malaca whither four Embassadors followed who concluded the Peace upon these Conditions That the King should send to Malaca all the Cannon that was in his Country that he should build no Ships of War that he should erect no Forts that he should restore all Prisoners and Goods taken that he should not hinder bringing Provisions to Malaca that his Subjects should resort thither to buy and sell. This Peace being sworn to brought great Tranquility to Malaca The year 1537 this Quiet was disturbed by a Commander of Achem who attacked the Bridge with three thousand Men. D. Stephen met him with some Gentlemen and two hundred Soldiers and slew five hundred without the loss of one so the Enemy drew off with shame Soon after he returns with five thousand and retired with the like Disaster 15. D. Stephen had sent Francis de Barros in a Ship with twenty Portugueses to the King of Patane In that Port Tuam Mahomet Admiral of Vjantana fell upon him with forty Sail. The Fight was desperate some Portugueses and many Enemies fell and they parted All advise Barros to save himself ashore most leave him and he stays aboard with only two who at last prevail and firing the Ship they get ashore in the Boat and bring off the Cannon The King received them kindly Henry Mendez de Vasconcelos was sent to bring them back Those of Iava fall upon them both with twenty Calaluzes that carried two Rows of Oars well furnished with Cannon Mendez and Barros were in two Vessels ten Calaluzes attack each one had sixteen the other but few more Portugueses The Fight was very hot some Portugueses fall and Mendez was stun'd with a poisoned Arrow Barros was in danger having but three Men and himself wounded Vasconcelos recovering comes to his aid shatters some takes others of the Calaluzes puts the Remainder to flight and obtains an entire Victory 16. Mean while Tristan de Ataide at Maluco through avarice caused great Troubles He took King Tabarija and sent him prisoner to Nuno de Cuna who endeavoured to remedy these Disorders by sending a very orderly Commander Such was Antony Galvam whose Prudence healed all the Sores made by his Predecessors Having taken possession of the Command he acted with Modesty and Justice without favour or affection The Fort was unprovided of Cannon and Ammunition he furnished all at his own charge and because Timber was wanting for the Works he was always the fitst that went to the Woods and returned loaded 17. All things being settled here Galvam turns to Tidore where eight Kings with a vast number of Men were allied against the Portugueses He sent to sound them and they made a Truce but observed it not and Galvam seeing he had but few Men that those decreased by Famine and 't was too tedious to expect relief from India he resolved upon an Action that was accounted rash He set out in four Ships with onâ—… hundred and seventy Portugueses and fifty Moors Tristan de Ataide was left in the Fort. Galvam was met by 2000 Moors there passed some Blows Soon after appeared three hundred Sail containing above thirty thousand Moors who thought to have terrified Galvam but in vain for he held on his course and they followed him They anchored at Tidore the Shores were covered with multitudes who rent the Air with Shouts The Cannon of the Fort played but the Shot went over the Ships The Fort appeared impregnable but by that it was resolved to begin Galvam scales it with one hundred and twenty Portugueses and as many Slaves as made up in all three hundred The Kings came upon him with fifty thousand Men but he draws into a close Wood. They thought he fled and pursue with hideous Shouts Soon were they turned into Lamentations King Cachil Daialo who led the Enemies Van came another way to fall upon Galvam endeavouring to amuse him till the Body of the Army came up which he perceiving gave the sign to fall on and after a hot Dispute the Enemy fled the King being killed among the first Some of those that fled disordered them that were marching others run to the Fort. Galvam pursues the latter and enters along with them They
abandon the Fort and he set fire to it Whilst the Fort flamed the Kings fled to the Mountains with their Treasure and Antony marches to the City The Inhabitants abandon and he burns it down to the Ground levelling the Works so that scarce any memory of the City was left but the signs of the Ashes Many Moors were killed and many taken This unparallel'd Victory cost but one Slave 18. Those Kings thought to do us some harm with Ambushes at embarquing and afterwards at Sea but came off with loss He of Tidore afterwards came to a peace the Conditions honourable on our side Antony the more to oblige that King offered to rebuild the City which was immediately put in hand with these and other Courtesies he so much obliged him and his Subjects that they confided in him as an ancient tried Friend 19. Galvam found it was easier to overcome the greatest Army of Barbarians than the least Portugues Avarice He proposed to put in execution the King's Instructions relating to the Trade of Clove and the Portugueses opposed because they put a stop to their Frauds and Robberies Next he would have examined into the Crimes of Tristan de Ataide and he conscious of his own Guilt begged Mercy Tho undeserving Galvam took pity on and reconciled him with many that they might not be his Accusers Ataide requited his kindness by provoking most of the Portugueses to mutiny about the Trade of Clove Antony endeavouring to appease found them them all in Arms. At length Tristan sailed for India having hindered the loading Clove for the King's use and carrying away most of the Mutineers So the Fort was exposed to eminent danger If the Commanders were bad the Moors could not live with them if good they could not live with the Portugueses 20. The Kings of Gilolo and Bachan prepared a fresh to fall upon Galvam He being weak offered peace for the same Reason they refused it Galvam finding himself in no condition to withstand challenges them both to fight Man to Man They accept of the Challenge but the King of Tidore interposing came to an agreement The two Kings so religiously observed this Pacification that they refused to admit into their Ports two Spanish Ships forced thither by stress of Weather They were cast away upon the Coast and those few that escaped taken by the Natives and ransomed by Galvam who treated them courteously Their Captain was Ferdinand de Grijalva sent out the year 1537 by Ferdinand Cortes Now the Ternatenses were at variance refusing to obey Cachil Aeiro as King set up by Tristan de Ataide and clamouring for Tabarija by him imprisoned and sent to India They offered to make Galvam King till they had a lawful one He refused and endeavoured to make them agree This Action of his and the persuasions of the King of Tidore prevailed with them to admit Aeiro After this all things continued in a wonderful Calm 21. Galvam heared a great Fleet was coming upon Ternate he borrowed some small Ships of the King of Tidore into which he put forty Portugueses and gave the Command to the Priest Ferdinand Vinagre who behaved himself so well he beat that Fleet and killed their Admiral Then he quieted the Country sometimes handling the Sword sometimes putting on the Surplice he baptized many Galvam perceiving how great Fruit this Priest produced assisted him to prosecute the Conversion and he so treated the Converts that the Natives said It must needs be a true God that such a man adored and his Religion ought to be embraced by all men At this time Galvam was informed a great Fleet was coming from Iava Banda Macaçar and Amboina to load Clove at Maluco by force of Arms. To meet them he sent Iames Lopez de Azevedo with forty Portugueses and 400 Ternatenses and Tidores The Battel was fought at Amboina that Fleet defeated Vessels Cannon Arms and Men taken He scoured the Coast and baptized three whole Towns Ativa Matelo and Nocivel Two Brothers Gentlemen of the Island Macaçar came to Ternate to take Galvam for their Godfather in Baptism and took the Names of Antony and Michael with his Sirname They afterwards came to visit him with Ships richly laden and several young Gentlemen who were also baptized They gave an account much might be wrought in their Islands and those of Celebes both in Spirituals and Temporals Galvam sent sent Francis de Castro with two Priests who were drove by bad Weather to discover other Islands a hundred Leagues North of the Malucos The first they came to was Satigana the King and People Pagans Castro made Peace with him which was confirmed by drinking each the others Blood to which effect they had a Vein opened Then the King Queen a Son three Brothers and many Nobles were baptized Next they discovered the Island Mindanao where the same happened with the King Queen their two Daughters and many People After them were baptized the Kings of Butuano Pimilarano and Camisino the two first took the Name of Iohn the latter was called Francis Francis de Castro brought to Ternate many Sons of the new Converts for whom Galvam at his own expence erected a Seminary where they might be instructed which was the first in our Conquest The obstinate Mahometans were astonished at so many Conversions and endeavoured to persuade the Kings to put a stop to their progress but were quite amazed when they saw an Arab whom they reverenced almost as much as Mahomet from whom he was descended leave him to follow Christ. The term of Galvam's Command expiring those Kings begged of ours to continue him for life But wordly Felicities especially in Government are never lasting 22. Antony Galvam seeing all things settled and that it was unjust the Kings of that Island should always be Prisoners set at liberty Cachil Aeiro persuading him to choose a Queen This confirmed the great opinion the Ternatenses had of him and they made publick Songs in his Praise which are the only History or Records they use He composed all Differences between the Portugueses and Islanders and being now at leisure built the Fort and all the Houses after the manner of Spain After his Example the King beautified Ternate with Buildings and granted Lands to the Portugueses who began to make curious Orchards and Gardens and Country Houses the Moors did the same Now Antony Galvam seeing there wanted Water brought it from three Leagues distance Being told he consumed his own without making any advantage of the Trade of Clove he said He could not meddle with Cloves because it bore five Nobs which represents the Wounds of Christ and are the Arms of Portugal His Command at Ternate expiring he returned to Portugal full of Debts thinking but he thought ill if he knew his own Country that he should find some Reward of so much Valour such Service so great Parts and Merits He found Contempt and Misery which brought him to die in an Hospital This
They resorted to the Island Sanchuan on the Coast of China to Trade where they lived in Huts made of the Boughs of Trees and covered with Sails during their stay 10. From this Island to another called Gaoxama are 18 Leagues closer in upon the Coast of China The Island being inâ—…icate and mountainous was the Refuge of Robbers who infested the Continent The Chineses who had twice expelled the Portugueses thinking them a more tolerable Evil than those Outlaws offered them the Island if they could root out that Generation of Thieves The Portugueses undertook and performed it without losing a Man 11. The Island being cleared every one began to build where he liked best there being no Proprietor to sell the Land which afterwards was sold at a great Rate the Trade and Fame of this City increasing This caused the Hollanders to have an Eye always upon it desiring to make themselves Masters thereof 12. It contains about 1000 Portugues Inhabitants all Rich and of the best in India because the Portions being there very considerable many Persons of Quality resort thither for Wives There is besides a considerable number of Christian Chineses who are cloathed and live after the manner of Portugal and of Heathens being Artificers Shopkeepers and Merchants about 6000. They have a Bishop and a Judge The Duties of the Ships trading thence to Iapan amount to 300000 Xeraphins at 10 per Cent. A Xeraphin is almost a piece of Eight The Yearly Expence of the City to maintain their Fortifications and Garrison is above 40000 Ducats At the Fair of Quantung is paid the like Sum for Duties at six and seven per Cent. The Voyage of Iapan with Embassies and Presents for the King and Tonos costs 25000. The House called La Misericordia spends 8 or 9000 in Works of Charity The City maintains two Hospitals three Parish Churches five Monasteries besides the continual Alms it sends to the neighbouring necessitous Christians in China Aynam Iapan Tunquim Cochinchina Cambodia and Siam 13. On the 19th of Iuly 17 some say 23 Sail of Hollanders came before this City hoping to take the Fleet that was there ready to sail for Iapan having taken several Chineses and Portugues Ship about the Philippine Islands They had aboard 2000 fighting Men. Their Admiral Cornelius Regers intending to gain the City battered the Fort of St. Francis the space of five Days On Midsummer Day in the Morning he landed Eight hundred Men and without much opposition made himself Master of an Intrenchment 14. The Enemy marched towards the City thinking to meet no resistance but Iohn Suarez Vivas seeing them advance to gain a considerable Post prevented them with 160 Men. After a Discharge of their fire-Arms they fell to the Sword the Hollanders â—…ed with precipitation to their Ships leaving 300 dead on the Shore seven and their Colours were taken one piece of Cannon and all their Arms which they threw away when swiming to their Ships Mean while the Ships battered the Fort which answered so effectually some of them were sunk and 60 Men killed This Victory cost us 6 Portugueses and some few Slaves A Cafre Woman a Slave had share in it who fighting in Man's Cloaths with a Halbard killed 3 Hollanders 15. The Citizens seeing themselves exposed to such Attempts built a Wall round the Town with six Bastions On that of St. Paul which overtops the City they planted six large Cannons on that of the Bar fourteen some 50 Pounders eight on that of Our Lady of Good Deliverance five on that of St. Peter eight on that of St. Francis that looks towards the Sea and three on that of St. Iohn And because the Mountain of Our Lady of the Guide overtops the Bastion of St. Paul they fortified it planting thereon 10 large pieces 16. This Year were computed to be converted in India 10000 Souls Some with such pure Zeal that five being condemned to Death and desiring first to be Baptized they were told it should not save their Lives they answered They knew it and only sought the Salvation of their Souls They were all Baptized under the Gallows and died with Resolution and Stedfastness in the Faith though they saw the others hanged before them 17. The Government of Ferdinand de Albuquerque in what related to the Civil Administration was inferior to none in the Military especially what concerned Ormuz unfortunate It was observed how little care was had of this Government in Spain for that during the whole time of his Government he had not one Letter from the King He was of a middle Stature a good Christian the 44th Governor 2d of the Name and 3d of the Sirname CHAP. XX. Of the Viceroy D. Alfonso de Noronna in the Year 1621. 1. IN the Year 1597 D. Alfonso de Noronna commanded the Ships that went for India and was now chose Viceroy as well in respect of his good Services â—…s his Birth and Experience He set out the 29th of April with four Ships and six Galleons of all which only one reached India by being a little a head of the others which were all put back to Lisbon This makes good that notable Saying of an able Seaman who being asked when was the best time for the Ships to Sail answered The last Day of February is too soon and the first of March too late 2. In fine D. Alfonso was put back with all that Relief whereof India stood in great want he his Ship and the Captain of her were used to this Misfortune having been put in the Year before Some would attribute this to the ill Fate of the Captain or Ship 3. This was the last Governor of India named by the Pious Philip III. but Second of Portugal and the first that sailing from Lisbon with that Command was forced in again D. Alfonso de Noronna was ancient and well qualified for that Post affable and courteous moderating the gravity of his Age. As soon as the News was brought to Lisbon of the shameful Surrender of the City Baya in Brasil to the Hollanders without regarding his Quality Age and Commands he had bore he listed himself a private Centinel for that Service A bravery well deserving eternal Fame and an Example that moved many to follow it 4. As we have hitherto reckoned the Viceroys and Governors who were chosen tho' they enjoyed not the Command we will account D. Alfonso de Noronna the 24th of the former and 45th of the latter the 3d of the Name and 5th of the Sirname CHAP. XXI Of the Propagation of the Faith in Japan and Aethiopia about this Time 1. SOme small hints have been already given of the Progress of Christianity in Iapan since their Apostle St. Francis Xaverius began to Preach there The Proceedings there are much like those in China save that the latter has not been so much sprinkled with the Blood of Martyrs I will only touch upon some Martyrdoms that happened in Iapan 2. At Firando in the Year 1622 F.
and so the rest to others This done he entred the City in Triumph not that he desired it having begged they would suffer him to go alone and barefoot to prostrate himself before the Lord of Hosts and acknowledge this Victory was wholly his and not of the Portugueses but he was forced to submit to the Will and Intreaties of the City 13. The Streets were thronged with Men the Windows and tops of Houses with Women sprinkling sweet Waters and strewing Flowers upon our Hero The Musick could not be heard for the noise of Cannon and all the City was filled with Joy The like Demonstrations were afterwards in all our other Eastern Conquests 14. This done the Governor returned aboard having other Designs in hand Then came an Embassy from the King of Pera Tributary to him of Achem now defeated he offered to pay our Crown the Tribute he had till then paid the other and to deliver up great Riches left in his Custody belonging to that King and the General Laçamane D. Dierome de Silveyra was sent with 11 Ships to receive the Treasure and established the Peace which he performed and returned with all that had been promised It was applied to pay the Men and refit the Fleet. 15. The King of Pam came to congratulate the Victory and Nunno set out to meet him Great Civilities and presents passed between them and the King desired leave to see the City which was granted and whilst he was there nobly entertained the Magistrates and Officers went to visit his Mother a wise Woman and great lover of the Portugueses These Ceremonies performed Nunno resolved to sail towards the Streight of Cingapura to secure the Ships that were expected from China against the Hollanders The King kept him Company a little way and they parted on the 11th of December Nunno earnestly recommending to him the taking of Laçamane who was fled into the Woods and the King promising his utmost endeavours after which they steered several Courses CHAP. VII Continues the Exploits of the Governor and General Nunno Alvarez Botello 1. ABout the middle of Ianuary Nunno Alvarez Botello being about Romania there were brought Prisoners to him Laçamane and two other Officers one of them the first Lord of Achem. Such was the diligence used by the King of Pam. Our Governor received them honourably and Laçamane being before him nothing daunted said Behold here Laçamane the first time overcome and Prisoner but two things concur to make my Misfortune more tolerable one That I am overcome by you another That Obedience to my King contrary to my own advice has brought me into this Condition Nunno replied Malaca is beholding to you for the advice you gave your Prince and I for your Obedience to him 2. Nunno Alvarez by reason of the contrary Winds could not come up with five Holland Ships that were about Pulolaor and took one of our Galliots coming from China the Men getting ashore He returned to Malaca to refit his Ships and resolved to attempt the Fort of Iacatara the best those Rebels possest in Asia But first he sent Antony de Sousa Coutinno with Laçamane's Admiral Galley called The Terror of the World in which he was Prisoner in order to be sent to Spain the Galley went of a Present to the City Goa This Galley carried one Gun of Tambaca a precious sort of Metal which was valued at above 7000 Ducats another much more for its curious Workmanship Laçamane died before he could be brought to Portugal 3. Nunno understanding the new Viceroy the Count de Linnares was arrived at Goa in October gave him an account of what had been done and desired assistance and his approbation to continue in those Parts in order to carry on his Designs against the English and Dutch About the end of April the Viceroy sent all he desired and much more which was a full Power to act as Governour without being obliged to expect any Orders from Goa 4. Mean while Nunno sailed with 2â—… Ships towards the Streight of Cingapura Putting in at Iambe a Place abounding in Pepper and therefore much resorted to by our European Enemies after a stout opposition he took two large Ships the least whereof with the Prisoners was sent to Malaca Then sailing up the River he discovered another Ship so large and beautiful he designed it to make his entrance into Goa but a Bullet falling into the Powder blew her up Passing farther up several of the Men seeing the Water cool and clear and not knowing its venomous quality drank of it and died 5. They spent 22 days going up the River with much trouble About two leagues from them was the Town where the Hollanders had two Ships under shelter and our Admiral was desirous to take them He manned 14 light Vessels to go view the Place and Works 26 Sail of the Natives and Dutch met him and were put to flight 6. Having viewed the Works and found it not practicable to attempt the two Ships by reason of the shelter they were under he destroyed all the Neighbouring Places with Fire and Sword then sailed down the River designing for Iacatara By the way he discovered a Dutch Ship of 24 Guns laden with Powder for their Forts Our Vessels beset and boarded her and she took fire 7. Nunno understanding the Danger ordered his Ships to draw off lest the Enemy's blowing up some of them might be lost with it Finding D. Antony Mascarennas did not bear away from her he made to him with his Galliot to bring him off but coming about the Poop of the Enemies Ship she blew up and sunk his Galliot downright All our Vessels made to that place and of all that was in the Galliot they found nothing above Water but the Body of Nunno Alvarez as yet with some life which soon fled 8. Every body was astonished at this unfortunate Accident the Body was opened to be embalmed and his Heart was found to be of an extraordinary bigness At Malaca the Body was received with a general Lamentation of the whole City and honourably buried in the Church of the Jesuits 9. Nunno Alvarez was well shaped of a clear Complexion his Hair yellow somewhat tall and Limbed proportionably his Srength and Valour equal his Countenance pleasing and grave He was virtuously inclined addicted to Learning chiefly Poetry very Liberal and not known to be addicted to any Vice 10. The News of his Exploits and Death being brought together to King Philip the Fourth he writ with his own Hand as follows Considering the two Pinks that were fitting for India may be gone without an account of my Concern for the Death of Nunno Alvarez Botello an Express shall immediately be sent by Land with Advice That if I were not now in Mourning for my Aunt the Queen of Poland I would wear it for him I create his Son an Earl and allow his Wife the Honours of a Countess and the Profits of the Fort of Mocambique to pay her Debts and
over-ruled by Siqueira and went to Cochin By the way he obtained a Victory over the Malabares of Calicut who opposed our lading Pepper then he dispatched Siqueira with the Trading Ships homeward-bound and soon after Duarte de Lemos with four more and then turned his view again to the affair of Goa Iames Mendez who commanded the four Ships and was before inclinable to the design now excused himself Albuquâ—… finding this commanded him and his Captains upon the severest penalties not to stir without his Orders It troubled them because they feared losing the opportunity of going to Malaca whither the King sent them but they obeyed Albuquerque set out from Cananor with 23 Sail and therein 1500 Fighting-men He passed by Onor to joyn Timoja whom he found busied in his Wedding being to marry the Daughter of a Queen and he desiring to be honoured with the Presence of Albuquerque obliged him to land which proved very dangerous for a Storm rising kept them ashoar three days and when he returned to his Ships a Boat with 30 men was lost Timoja sent with him three Ships and promised to join him at Goa with 6000 men 9. On the 22th of November Albuquerque anchored the second time before the Bar Calling to mind the dangers he had there escaped and the discontent that was among some of his Officers he thought fit to sooth the Principals with an obliging Harangue and therewith won all their Inclinations At break of day on the Feast of St. Catharine the City was assaulted with great slaughter of the Enemy that maintained the Shoar but though it seem strange not one Portugues killed The Enemy fled to recover one of the Gates of the City and our men to enter with them Here the Fight was renewed till many Portugueses forced their way in doing great execution in the Streets They cleared all to the Pallace with great danger and loss of five Men of Note and there was a most furious Contest begun with equal Valour on both sides Now Albuquerque having done what became him came up and Fortune appearing wholly on our side the Moors fled and abandoned the City endeavouring to get over to the Continent but through hast and confusion perished in the River After the Victory it was found that of 9000 Fighting-men who defended the Town 6000 had perished and 50 Portugueses Medeorao who commanded the three Ships sent by Timoja behaved himself well Timoja with 3000 men came too late he was only Witness to the Slaughter The booty of Horses Artillery Arms Provisions and Ships was excessive and such as was necessary for the great designs Albuquerque had conceived 10. Our Dead were honourably buried those of the Enemy in the Bellies of the Crocodiles of that River into which they were cast Not one Moor was left alive in the Island The Gentiles who were Country-men were restored to their Farms and the Government of them given to Timoja and after to Melrao a Nephew of the King of Onor Whilst Albuquerque setled these Affairs he received many Embassadors with Congratulations of his success from several Princes of Malabar Many of Hidalean's Officers then and afterwards made inroads as far as Goa but always returned with loss Iames Mendez and his two other Captains desirous to go to Malaca stole away out of the Port by Night contrary to Albuquerque's Orders He sent after them and being brought back Prisoners he Ordered they should be sent to answer it in Portugal and two Pilots condemned to be hanged at the Yard-arms Some were suspicious that Albuquerque detained Iames Mendez lest he should take Malaca which Action he designed for himself others said he kept him from the danger Siqueira met with there that Enterprize requiring a greater Power 11. Albuquerque providing for the safety of Goa laid the Foundation of a Fort which he called Emanuel being the King's Name He caused the Names of the Captains who were at the taking of it to be carved upon a Stone but because every one would be named before the others he turned down the Stone hiding the Names and on what was visible put this Inscription Lapidem quem reprobraverunt aedificantes and thus they were all pleased for the Portugueses had rather their own Praise should be forgot than that another should partake He coined Mony that of Gold he called Emanuels that of Silver Esperas and half Esperas that of Copper He married some Portugueses to Women of the Country giâ—…ing them in Portion Lands Houses or Emâ—…loyments the better to secure his Colony One Night that some of these Weddings â—…ere Celebrated the Brides were so mixt â—…nd confounded together among the People â—…at some of the Bridegrooms went to Bed to those that belonged to others and next Morning finding the mistake they changed them each taking his own and all equal as to the point of Honour This gave the more occasion to some Gentlemen to ridicule the care of Albuquerque But he persisted with such Constancy that he brought to pass what he intended which was to make Goa the Portugues Bulwark in India King Emanuel was very desirous of and recommended to Albuquerque with much instance the taking the City Aden and raising a Fort there He now possessed of Goa thought time loâ—… while he attempted not something he therefore counterfeits the carrying on this Enterprize and sent some Ships towards the Red Sea when at the same time his design was upon Malaca He went to Cochin having first secured and ordered all things at Goa Where was left for the defence of it Rodrigo de Castello Branco with 400 Portugueses and 5000 Gentiles under Melrao to secure the Country and Revenue He set out of Cochin for Malaca on the 2d of May with 19 Sail and 1400 Fighting-men 800 of them Portugueses the rest Malabares CHAP. VI. A Continuation of the Conquests under King Emanuel the Year 1511 and the Government of Alfonso de Albuquerque 1. THE City Malaca whither Albuquerque now directed his Course is seated on that part of Land being a Peninsula commonly called by the name of Aurea Chersonesus and upon that Channel which parts the Island Sumatra from the Continent of Asia about the middle of that Channel in something more than two Degrees of North Latitude stretched along the Shoar about a League in the same manner as Lisbon It is divided by a River and the two parts joyned by a Bridge The Buildings of Wood except the Mosque and Pallace which were of Stone It afforded a pleasant Prospect to the Sea and was well secured with Fortifications The Port was filled with abundance of Ships as being the great Market of all those Parts It was first built by the Celates a People for the most part imployed in Fishing who joyned themselves to the Malayes that before inhabited the Mountains They were assisted by Parisamora submitting to him This Man had been great in the Island of Iava and expelled by a Tyrant who usurped his Lordship fled to Cincapura
for want of another they called it The Law of Light That in the Year of Chinquon Kieiça there came from Iudea a Man of great Virtue called Olopuem with the true Doctrine That this was received throughout all the Kingdom and Churches erected that afterwards some change of Affairs happening it grew weak but in the Time of the Great Tam the Holy Gospel returned to China That in the Year of Ximbie the Priests Iohn and Paul redressed all and new Churches were erected That in the Reign of the Great Tam the second Year Kienchum on the seventh day of the Month of Autumn this Stone was set up Kinçin Governor of the Church of China being Bishop 13. By this venerable Piece of Antiquity it appears that the Christian Faith was planted in China about the Year Six hundred thirty-one From it also may be inferr'd that St. Thomas first Preached there but that Christianity being almost forgot those Priests of Iudea and Kings of China restored it as has been shown it happened in India So that what the Portugueses assisted by other European Religious Men now perform is a second Re-establishment of the Faith 14. About the Year 1543 Fernan Mendez Pinto had this following Information in China He was Travelling from the City Mindoo to that of Peking and seeing by the way the Ruins of another was informed that about Two hundred Years before it was a most flourishing Place That a Holy Man coming thither raised some dead to life and Preached of Jesus Christ and his Vicar upon Earth that the Heathen Priests designing to burn him he quenched the fire making the sign of the Cross over it that they stoned him to Death and being thrown into a River the Stream stood still five days the holy Body being born upon the Superficies all the time that this occasioned the Conversion of many People of which there was a great number in that Province Further upon a Mountain was a Stone Cross which this Writer saw some People Worship pronouncing these Words Christ Iesus Mary conceived him being a Virgin brought him forth a Virgin and remained a Virgin These were Disciples descended from a Weaver called Iohn in whose House that Holy Martyr was entertained They preserve a Book of his Life which says his Name was Matthew Escandel by Birth an Hungarian and had been an Heremite on Mount Sinai That History related that he being taken out of the River and buried nine days after the City was swallowed up with Four thousand Bonzos who only durst stay in it the People having abandoned it by reason of the Earthquakes that happened before 15. At the same time the same Writer found in the Cities Sampitay and Quiangsi of China many Christians who had been converted Twenty-five Years before which was Sixty Years before the Jesuits entered China which is now One hundred and fourteen Years since And this is the Reason those Fathers found some Monuments of Christianity but so obscure that little could be made out by them 16. The same Feruand Mendez relates That in the City Timplan the Court of the Emperor of Caminam a Borderer on China he found most ancient Monuments of the Christian Faith and some account of the Holy Scripture Those People said That the Creation of the World was the work of the Will of the Creator That he was not visible nor to be felt That there were Eighty-two thousand Moons since the Earth was separated from the Water That on Earth God had created a most delightful Garden and placed therein the first Man called Adda and his Wife Baragom That he forbid them the Fruit of the Tree Hisaforam and they transgressing this Command all Men became liable to the Punishment of that Guilt That the Man broke the Precept being deceived by the Woman and she by the Serpent Lupantoo That for this Disobedience they were cast out of that delightful Place That by reason of the Sinfulness of Man God had drowned the World That only one just Man with his Family escaped in a Wooden House and by them Mankind was restored That God would punish the Wicked and reward the Good That one Iohn a Disciple of Thomas Modeliar a Servant of God whom the Citizens of Digun killed because he preached that God became Man and suffered Death for the Sins of Men had Preached the same in that Country and lost his Life for so doing Thomas Modeliar is the Apostle St. Thomas The People of Calaminam own the Blessed Trinity when they Sneeze they say some Words that declare it and they make the sign of the Cross. 17. The last Testimony was discovered in the Year 1635 but the thing in it self is at least as antient as the Stone already spoken of Some Heathens passing through a Street in a Village near the City Civencheâ—… of the Province of Fokien by Night saw Lights on some Stones that lay there and turning them up found on that part which had lain next the Ground Crosses carved A Jesuit examining into it caused the Stone on which the greatest Light appeared to be fixed in a decent place as a Monument of the Miracle and of our Religion in those Parts 18. We shall speak of what was done by the Religious of the Society of Jesus in order to the Reparation of Christianity in this Empire in the proper place and Third Tome of this our Asia They entred upon this undertaking in the Year 1579 which was the the last under our Portugues Princes who yet expired not without this Glory In the Year 1583 they Founded the first Church at Xauking The rest of their Proceedings we refer to the Third Tome beginning under the Spanish Monarchs as this has ended with the Portugueses The End of the Second Tome The Portugues Asia OR THE HISTORY OF THE Discovery and Conquest OF INDIA BY THE PORTUGUES CONTAINING All their Discoveries from the Coast of Africk to the farthest Parts of China and Iapan all their Battels by Sea and Land Sieges and other Memorable Actions a Description of those Countries and many Particulars of the Religion Government and Customs of the Natives c. In Three Tomes Written in Spanish by Manuel de Faria y Sousa Knight Of the Order of Christ. Translated into English by Capt. Iohn Stevens Tome the Second LONDON Printed for C. Brome at the Sign of the Gun at the West-End of St. Pauls 1695. DEDICATED TO HER MOST SACRED MAJESTY CATHERINE QUEEN DOWAGER OF ENGLAND c. THE PREFACE WHen Almighty GOD the only Founder of Empires is so pleased with a People as to possess them of a New one He generally Endows the first Founders with a wonderful proportion of Heroick Virtues as Sincerity Magnanimity Valour Majesty and an almost more than Mortal Staidness The solid Foundations to support the greatest Monarchies Such Founders rarely exceeded Three in Number Let the Learned by the help of this not yet Vulgar Remark seek Foreign Examples it shall be my Care only to shew
Horse and about 400 Blacks Hearing the Enemy was lodged in the Village Baylam two Leagues up the Country he resolved to surprize him at Noon when they use to Bathe Half a League from the place he halted to Rest the Men and the Enemy having Intelligence thereof came on with such diligence and secrecy that they had put them to the Sword had not Ferdinand de Silva who led the Van with much Bravery given a check to their Fury Antony de Sotomayor relieved him already wounded in the Leg was himself wounded and lost some Men but did great Execution This gave Tavora time to make ready whose furious coming up made great havock Our Men turning Back to Back and facing the Enemy round did Wonders Ruy Lorenço with his Horse ranging about did them great harm till falling on their Flank many were slain the rest fled without hopes 4. Next he resolved to take a Great Ship of Bramaluco's that was newly finished in the Dock of Agaçaim He marched thither by Land and D. Luis de Ataide went by Water The latter by force of Arms made his way to the City at such time as the other was reducing it to Ruins breaking through a Multitude of Enemies who endeavoured to stop his Fury each of them lost six Men. D. Luis Landed and both together cleared the Field unpeopled the City and then set Fire to it The Ship was carried to the Port of Baçaim and for many years Traded to Lisbon Bramaluco sued for Peace and he being a suspected Subject of Cambaya our Governour treated with that King and by this means secured the former Peace and obtained a Grant of half the Customs whereof only the Third part was offered before 5. Let us now return to the Fleet in which the Governour was to sail His great Liberality brought him more Men than he desired whereof he chose the best The Fleet consisted of 80 Sail of sundry sorts and sizes and carried two Thousand Men. 6. While this Fleet was fitting the King of Achem falling upon the King of the Bataas unexpectedly made a great slaughter of his People killing among the rest three Sons he rather adored than loved The King desirous of Revenge sent his Brother-in-Law Embassadour to Peter de Faria then Commanding at Malaca The Embassy was to confirm the Peace before concluded and desire assistance of Arms and Ammunition and the better to obtain it sent him a rich Present and offered a free Trade in his Dominions which abound in Gold Pepper Benjamin and Camphir Faria who was intent upon Profit as well as his King's Service plentifully supplied him with Arms and Ammunition offering his utmost assistance and entertaining the Embassadour with splendour The King of Bataa attacked his Enemy with Resolution but was beaten after having almost gained the Victory and retired with great Grief to his City Panaaju Here he dispatched Pinto sent thither by Faria to Trade who narrowly escaped being lost in the River Parles of the Kingdom of Queda by reason of the Revolution had then hapned in the City of that Name the Court of that Prince who had murdered his Father and married his own Mother The first he denyed and pretended he had done the latter in Honour to her having refused many considerable Matches Pinto brought News of the Island del Oro or of Gold the great motive of his Voyage 7. But now our Governour enters the Red Sea with his Fleet. He found most of the Islands and Cities abandoned the People having had notice of his coming The chief Island was Maçua The principal City Suanquem in about 19 Degrees of North Latitude well built and rich The King who was fled a League up the Country entertained the Governour with shews of Peace that he might not destroy the Island But the greatest damage was that hereby he prevented the burning the Ships at Suez gaining so much time as carried thither the News of this Design The Governour in Revenge marched with his Brother D. Christopher and 1000 Men made a great slaughter was Master of the Field and took a great Booty Then turning to the City it was plundered and private Men got four or five thousand Ducats each then it was burnt to the ground The Waters being shoal the Governour resolved to go over to Alcoçer and other places with only sixteen Catures or Barges the rest of the Fleet he sent to Maçua under the Command of Lionel de Lima. There was a great dispute about who should go with D. Stephen and he had much difficulty to compose it They set out of the Bay for this Reason called De los Agraviados or Of the Offended Many Gentlemen went in the Barges as private Souldiers accepting any place so they were admitted such was their desire to be in this Action The number of Men was Two hundred and fifty At Alconçer which is in the Latitude of 25 Degrees they did the same as had been done before at Suanquem Crossing over to Tor or Toro they took some Vessels of the Enemy The Turks at first opposed the Landing but some being slain fled and abandoned the City in which nothing of Value was found The Governour would not burn it in reverence of St. Catharine and a Monastery found there with Religious Men under her Invocation which at their Instance he visited To his great glory he was the first European Commander that took that City where he Knighted several who held this Honour done them there in great esteem and it was afterwards envied by the Great Emperour Charles the Fifth as shall appear in its place Our People and those Religious testified great Regret at parting They are of the Greek Church and of the Order of St. Basil. The City is in the Latitude of 28 Degrees and is thought by Learned Geographers to be the ancient Elana 8. The Governour went over to Suez and after many brave Attempts made by several to sound and view the Harbour which all failed he resolved in Person and in open Day to discover the Gallies He saw them and desiring to do something considerable Landed the Enemies Shot flew from the Town and 2000 Turkish Horse broke out of an Ambush some few whereof were killed by our Canon but our Men obliged to Retire much grieved that this Voyage was disappointed The Governour returned to his Fleet at Maçua where he found the Severity of Emanuel de Gama had caused a Mutiny which gave occasion to 80 Men to run away with a Ship designing to go over to Ethiopia They were met by a Captain of the King of Zeila and after a vigorous Resistance most of them killed On a Gallows hung five whom Gama had Executed for concealing the design of the other 80 they at Execution summoned him to answer before the great Tribunal and he within a Month run Mad and died CHAP. IV. Goes on with the Government of D. Stephen de Gama 1. AT this time Grada Hamed King of the Country called
against those Confederates since they could not be brought to a Peace 2. The Weather being seasonable the King of Pimienta took the Field at Bardela wth 10000 Nayres the King of Cochin did the same with his Men and 600 Portugueses Commanded by the rash Francis de Sylva Captain of that Fort. The Armies being drawn up in sight the King of Pimienta at the Request of Sylva gave him a Meeting between them Sylva pressed for an Accommodation which the King condescending to upon reasonable Terms was broke off by our Captain who having more natural Strength than natural Reason acted more like a Brute than a Man The Armies charged each other Couragiously and the King of Pimienta was carried off Wounded and died before he knew the event of the Battle His Men fled and were pursued into their City with great slaughter the Royal Palace was fired which among them is the hainousest Affront whereupon they Rallied and fell upon the Victors with such Fury that they obliged them to retire in great disorder Sylva discharged some few that stood by him and rushing into the thickest of the Enemies was killed Above fifty Portugueses were lost here which abundantly countervailed for our Victory 3. Five thousand Nayres all sworn to Revenge the death of their King or dye entred the Country of Cochim killing many and forcing others to fly to the Fort. The Commander of the Fort Henry de Sousa marced out and finding them engaged with the Indians who fought desperately killed Five hundred Two strange and contrary Accidents hapned upon this occasion One was a Man that lay dying arose and taking a Lance did great Execution among the Enemies and perfectly recovered his health The other a Man in perfect health who fell down dead with the Fright 4. All the Joy of this Success vanished at the sight of Zamori who came attended by the Princes of Malabar with 140000 Men. He Encamped with 100000 at Chembe ordering those Princes who were eighteen in number and among them the King of Tanor lately so fond of us and our Religion with the other 40000 whereof 5000 had devoted themselves to pass over into the Island Bardela Our Governour upon the first Advice prepared to meet this Storm He sent before Emanuel de Sousa Sepulveda with four Ships and Orders That having joyned those that were at Cochim he should shut up those Princes in the Island till he came being resolved to follow at his Heels Sepulveda did his part and the Governour his for he sailed immediately the Cities of Goa Chaul and Baçaim furnishing what they had offered for the Expedition against the Turks which came to nothing The Fleet consisted of above 100 Sail and almost 4000 Landmen The first Execution was at Tiracole where many Houses Ships and Goods were burnt Coulete suffered the same Fate after a vigorous Resistance which cost the Lives of many of them and sixteen of ours At Panane the same and we lost eight 5. Our Governour Landed at Cochim and found that King with Forty thousand Men he had himself Six thousand Two thousand having joyned him there The Island being beset and Signal given to fall on those within began to waive a white Flag for a Parley It was concluded those eighteen Princes should put themselves into the Governours hands upon promise of Life He finding they delayed resolved to fight them the next day but was hindred by a great Flood yet he concluded he might put his design in execution the day after But what security is there in human Felicity Cabral was almost in possession of one of the most glorious Actions that had been seen in India when the sudden Arrival of the Vice-Roy D. Alfonso de Noronha ravished this Honour from him noâ—… suffering him to proceed nor concluding himself what was so well begun On the contrary he suffered all those Princes to escape with their whole Army 6. St. Francis Xaverius seeing how many great Enterprizes were disappointed through the malice or Envy of the Governours wrote a Letter to the King acquainting him therewith and advising to punish such Miscarriages with severity whereby they might for the future be prevented But Ministers serve as they please Saints advise well and Princes Eyes are never opened Commonly the want of due Punishment is the cause of publick Calamities 7. Whilst George Cabral was at Cochim waiting to embarque in the Ships that were bound to Portugal one Night about the middle of February there was a Report That Eight thousand sworn Nayres would enter the City Cabral run to the Gates with Emanuel de Sousa Sepulveda in order to march out and meet them at Break of Day but was hindred by the Council of the City He stayed with a competent Number of Men to guard the Town and sent Sepulveda with Fifteen hundred Portugueses and the Natives They found those desperate Men in a Neighbouring Town acting all that Rage and Malice could suggest They Charged them the Fight was very desperate fifty Portugueses were slain and above a Thousand of the Amouco's or devoted Nayres the rest fled 8. Let us see what was done during this time by the Captains sent by the Governour to several parts The King of Cota had asked Succour against his Brother Madune Pandar King of Ceitavaca who endeavoured to expel him his Kingdom he offered in requital for the Relief to pay a greater Tribute than before Caralea Pandar Prince of Candea not following the Example of his Father who was bent against the Religious Men who made him a Christian desired to be Baptized and fled with the Priests to a Fort from whence he sent to beg the Governour 's assistance Both these places being in the Island Ceylon he sent thither D. George de Castro with six hundred Men. Madune scarce saw him when he raised the Siege he had laid to Cota where his Brother was The King of Cota and D. George followed him and he so fortified the Passes they were forced in some places to fight their way through showers of Bullets Stones and Arrows with some loss of Men and no small slaughter of the Enemy Being come in sight of the City Madune met them and there ensued a bloody Battle desperately fought on both sides At length Madune was obliged to â—…y to the Mountains and leave his Brother in possession of that great City singularly adorned by a Pagod of wonderful magnificence The Plunder was very considerable Madune implored his Brother's Mercy who had little reason to shew him any yet did and left him possessed of his Kingdom 9. D. George did not meet with the like success at Candea whither he went after this Victory The Enemy came unexpectedly upon him with Forty thousand Men in a narrow Pass whence he could not escape and killed Eight hundred of his Men half of them Portugueses He got away with more grief for this Loss than honour by the late Victory For it is certain we are more sensibly grieved at
sent thither after his death by those who managed the State during the Minority of King Sebastian D. Constantin Brother to Theodosius Duke of Bragança was 30 years of Age when he accepted this Charge What he wanted in Age for so great an Employ was made up by being of the Blood Royal and by his great Parts and natural Endowments 2. He sailed from Lisbon on the 7th of April with four Ships and two Thousand Men and arrived at Goa about the beginning of September Three things remarkable hapned in his Voyage and at his Arrival the first that he had not the least bad Weather in his Passage the second the great demonstrations of Joy wherewith he was received and the third that he no way affronted the Governour that went off as was always used in India 3. Our Vice-Roy commenced as usual by sending Commanders to Forts D. Payo de Noronha went to Canaâ—…or and by his Ingratitude in receiving some Presents sent by that King though not with sincere meaning gave occasion to his resentment signified by not suffering the Portugueses to resort to the City The Vice-Roy sent fourteen Sail to their assistance and gave the Command of them to Luis de Melo de Silva The Vice-Roy was bent upon possessing himself of the Town of Damam a place of consequence to secure the Lands of Baçaim and whereof Francis Barreto had obtained a Grant from the King of Cambaya The difficulty lay in wresting it out of the hands of Cide Bofata who was in Rebellion against his Prince which was the chief Motive why he so freely gave what he could not get for himself Bofata was well provided and with a Resolution not to sell the place at an easie rate The Vice-Roy having held a Council about it the result was he should go thither in person 4. He first dispatched the Trading Ships for Portugal in which went his Predecessor the Ships were seven and only three of them came to Lisbon One was lost at the Island St. Thomas Two were forced back to Mozambique in one of which was the late Governour Francis Barreto The Captain of a fourth finding her sinking got into a Long-Boat with 60 Men and came to Goa the rest of the Men all perished Francis Barreto at Mozambique spent 20000 Ducats of his own in refitting the two Ships They set out again and being in distress the other Ship ungratefully forsook him yet he afterwards seeing her perishng saved all the Men so that he had 1137 Persons aboard In this condition not able to go forward he almost miraculously returned again to Mozambique This year ended with the Foundation of that Fort and return of Barreto to Goa 5. Luis de Melo at Cananor being assaulted in his Trenches by 3000 Moors put them to shameful flight and while he sent for Succours to the Vice-Roy followed Fortune that now seemed to Favour him Mean while the Vice-Roy set out with the Fleet had been fitted out by Barreto having increased it to 100 Sail. 6. The Vice-Roy arriving at Damam sent D. Iames de Noronha to take a view of the Works he found them strong and defended by 4000 Men. Notwithstanding all this Preparation no sooner our Men landed but the Enemy fled abandoning both City and Fort. The Vice-Roy entred and giving Thanks to Almighty God for this Bloodless Victory blessed the Mosque under the Invocation of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin on which day it was taken 7. The Enemy after their flight encamped at Parnel two Leagues off and thence with 2000 Horse infested the Vice-Roy Antony Moniz Barreto offered with 500 Men to remove them He marched all Night towards the Enemy and being come up with them found that he had but 120 Men the rest wandring in the dark through unknown ways yet thus he attacks and puts them to flight as believing the Vice Roy was there with his whole Force The Morning discovering from how small a number they had fled Bofata and his Men come down from a Hill whither they had retired and falling upon Barreto pressed him hard till those that were scattered coming up he again routed the Enemy killing 500 of them In their Camp were found 36 good Pieces of Cannon some Cart Loads of Copper-Mony and other Plunder 8. The Vice-Roy with Liberality and good Usage attracted the Country People who were fled for fear and confirmed to the Neighbouring King of Sarçeta the Duties he had in Damam For the more security he resolved to possess himself of the Island Balzar not far distant He intended to go thither in Person but sent before D. Peter de Almeyda with 150 Horse and as many Foot The People of Balzar abandoned the Town which D. Peter entred and the Vice-Roy being come left Alvaro Gonzales Pinto to Command there with 120 Men and some Cannon Being returned to Damam he sent D. Alvaro de Silveyra with 20 Sail to the Red-Sea being informed Cafar was fitting out his Gallies This Fleet was dispersed by Storms and put into several Ports of India without effecting any thing 9. D. Iames de Noronha was appointed Commander of Damam and had 1200 Men given him under five Captains who were to keep Tables for them Tables are kept in India for such as have not any thing of their own or if they have yet will accept of this Liberality I admire there are men that will stoop to receive this but much more there are any that give it for the same Men when they come to Spain have not the Heart to give a stick of Wax which there is worth nothing and here a Half-peny The Vice-Roy after this success returned to Goa 10. In the City St. Thomas or Meliapor a Portugues one of those who more religiously worship their Interest than the Heathens their Idols and of those there are many in India persuaded Rama Rajo King of Bisnagar to march against the City telling him the Plunder would be worth two Millions and it would be a great Service to the Idols he worshipped which were there thrown down by the Christians He was a good Christian that was so zealous for Idols The King hearkning to the hopes of Gain set out with 500000 Men. Peter de Ataide encouraged the Inhabitants to defend themselves but they to palliate their Fear said It was but Reason the King should be admitted to waht was his own Ataide went away to Goa the Townsmen prepared for the reception of the King and sent him a Present of 4000 Ducats wherewith he was somewhat appeased He Encamped and would not enter the City but ordered all the Inhabitants of both Sexes and all Ages and all their Goods to be brought to his presence Which being performed he found the whole Value did not exceed 80000 Ducats Enraged at the Wickedness of the Informer he ordered him to be thrown to the Elephants who tore him to pieces He discharged the Citizens and restored all their Goods so punctually that only a Silver Spoon being
set up four Colours The Portugueses wounded and burnt run for ease and dipped themselves in Jars of Salt Water where they perished seeking Refreshment with hellish Torture Antony de Silveyra indefatigably repaired to all places encouraging all Here a Soldier wanting Ball pulled out one of his Teeth to load his Musquet The Enemy had much the better this second Assault which a few Gentlemen perceiving furiously rushed upon them Iohn Rodrigues a Man of great Body and as great Courage run out with a Barrel of Powder crying Clear the way for here I carry my own and many a Man's death He threw the Barrel among the Enemies and suddenly above a hundred were carried up into the Air torn in peices twenty lay burnt upon the ground Iohn himself came off without hurt and doing other considerable Actions deserved afterward some of the first Rewards and Honours gained this Siege Other Fireworks burnt the four Ensigns who had set up the Colours Two of our Cannon cleared the place of Enemies and two Bullets threw down two Ensigns that succeeded the former The Enemy withdraws and fresh comes on the third time and place their Colours The Commander of these Son-in-law to Coje Zofar being killed his Men dismayed and turned their Backs These Assaults lasted above four hours the same small number of Portugueses withstanding still fresh and numerous Enemies Our Women in the Fort and theirs on the Walls of the City being Spectators of the whole Action The Portugueses all smeared with Powder looked more like Moors and were known by their Cloaths not Colour and among themselves by the Voice every one looking as if he came out of Hell their black hue wrought with Fire Blood and Sweat In fine the Enemy carried off above a thousand wounded and left above five hundred Men killed Of ours fourteen were killed and two hundred lay useless for want of Blood Only forty remained able to bear Arms and the Arms lay broken to pieces about the Ground some serving such as could not stand on their Legs for Crutches No hope was left if the Enemy renewed the Attack The Walls were all shattered and no Powder left Nothing but horror appeard Only the brave Silveyra's Countenance was what encouraged all Men. 17. Solyman put an end to all these Calamities for not knowing the Condition the Fort was in and terrified with this ill success he raised the Siege Antony Silveyra seeing them weigh anchor and hoise sail thought it was still counterfeit and prepared to resist as if he had any thing to trust to He posted the forty Men and caused some that were wounded to lean against the Walls to shew a number those who could not rise ordered themselves to be carried in their Beds saying It was to die in an honourable place Some of the Women also armed themselves and appeared upon the Works The Night was spent upon the watch but the Morning was more comfortable to the afflicted for Solyman was under Sail without any thought of returning Tho fear did much yet a Device of Coje Zofar did more towards removing Solyman Coje was moved to it by two Reasons one that he was weary of the unsupportable Pride of that Turk another an Order that he had from his King in case he found the Turk would keep that City and Fort as was feared he should rather endeavour to leave it to the Portugueses Coje's Device was that he framed a Letter which came to Solyman's Hands who finding it contained that the Viceroy of India would be there the next day with a vast Fleet he thought not fit to delay his Departure and so sailed away on the fifth of November The same night Coje's Men fired the City and marched away This was the first Siege of Diu which was admired throughout the World and added new Lustre to the Portugues Glory all due to the invincible Courage of the ever renowned Antony de Silveyra and those valiant Gentlemen who were with him and whose Fame will last from Generation to Generation 18. Solyman touched at the Ports on the Coast of Arabia and took up some Portugueses he found there He gathered above 140 and cutting off their Heads then the Ears and Noses salted and sent them to the great Turk to shew what he had done Among these was Francis Pacheco who had not the Courage to die like a Gentleman in his Bulwark Solyman being come to the great Turk and not well agreeing with one who aspired to his Post was reduced to kill himself Such is generally the end of Tyrants 19. This famous Siege was far advanced when the Viceroy D. Garcia de Noronha arrived in India to whom Nuno de Cuna immediately resigned the Government His arrival with so considerable Relief as he brought might well have bettered the Affairs of Diu yet on the contrary it much endamaged them For had he not come Nuno had relieved Diu with eighty Sail he had in a readiness for that purpose and prevented so many Miseries and the death of so many brave Men. Still fresh Advice was brought of the danger the besieged were in and still D. Garcia wasted the time in considering of means to relieve them without chusing any or taking the advise of Cuna Thus the Siege was raised before he found the method of relieving having gathered one hundred and sixty Sail for that purpose 20. D. Garcia wanted not Courage having given good demonstrations of it under Alfonso de Albuquerque But he chose rather to commit an Error through his own wilfulness than act rightly by the advice of Nuno de Cuna 21. It soon appeared Noronha was not at all disposed to take advice of Cuna treating him in such manner at Goa as obliged him to go to Cochin to order his Affairs in order to return to Portugal At Cochin he refused him a convenient Ship contrary to an Order he had from the King to act as Governor and chuse such Vessel as he liked He was forced to set out in a Merchant-Galeon hired for himself and Family Tho the Viceroy treated him ill there no less ill usage was designed him here and doubtless the knowledge D. Garcia had of the ill will the Ministers of State here bore him was the cause of his hard usage there 22. Nuno de Cuna by the way fell sick and died He protested at his death that he had nothing belonging to the King but five Pieces of Coin or Medals of Gold found among the dead King Badur's Treasure which for their Beauty â—…e carried to shew to the King A Chaplain asked How he would have his Body ordered to be brought home And he answered Since God is pleased I should die at Sea let the Sea be my Grave Since the Land would not have me I will not give it my Bones He died like a good Christian. Ordered a sufficient Weight should be tied to his Feet to carry him to the bottom Thus ended an excellent Governor of India His Age fifty two years
asked Succour of him who sent ten Sail commanded by D. Iohn Ronquillo This was not only a Supply of Ammunition for the Spaniards were assisting to him with their Persons especially by taking some Vessels of Iava that to our loss used that Port. Babu King of Ternate dying left his Bastard Son Bozai possessed of the Crown though he had a lawful Heir who wanting Power lost his Right For seldom does Right prevail where Force is wanting 24. About this time the Great Turk sent Mahomet Bassa with 12000 Horse many Pioniers much Artillery and Money to secure his late Conquests in Persia. Xa Codabanda joyning with Semecombel the Georgian met him with a moderate Army and as he was fording a River cut off many of his Horse and caused 40000 Foot to be drowned The Persians and Georgians got not only the Victory but much Riches 25. Persia was now in a great confusion for the Georgian Mirsa Salmas Son-in-Law and Favourite to Xa perswaded him that his Son Abax Mirsa King of Ceorazone stiled himself Emperour of Persia and caused him to Arm against him The Emperour marched against his Son cutting off the Heads of many principal Men till he came to the City Hers built by Tamerlan the Great and now the Court of the innocent Abax whō not knowing the cause of this his Father's motion had fortified himself But now coming before his Father and clearing himself the wicked Salmas his Head was cut off in his presence The Turk taking this advantage sent the Bassa Ferabat with 100000 Horse and much Money to conquer the Province of Raviam He did much harm there and had done much more but that the Emperor reconciled to his Son put a stop to his Current 27. Now arrives in India D. Duarte de Meneses who went to succeed the Viceroy D. Francis who delivered up the Sword after having held it three Years being the 16th Vice-Roy and 31th in the number of Governors and Third of the Name and Sirname CHAP. III. The Government of the Vice-Roy D. Duarte de Meneses from the Year 1584 till 1588. 1. D. Duarte de Meneses though of great Quality yet was better known by his Valour which moved the King to make choice of him without any Recommendations or Pretensions of his not doubting he would be as successful in India as he had been in Tangier He had six Ships and a prosperous Voyage 2. The first thing he applied himself to was the appeasing the Tumults at Cochin The Vice-Roy D. Francis had sent Commissioners to treat with the Heads of that People and they had reduced them to hearken to an Accommodation D. Duarte now arriving admits their Proposals so that the Affair of the Custom-House was settled He dispatched the Ships for Lisbon one whereof was never heard of The Vice-Roy D. Francis returned in one of them 3. The Vice-Roy being at Goa treated with the Ambassador of Hidalcan about the manner of chastising the Nayque of Sanguicer for the Death of D. Giles Yanez and to prevent Piracy The Ambassador agreed that Rostican Governor of Ponda should assist with Forty Thousand Men by Land whilst D. Hierome de Mascarenuas sent by the Vice-Roy attacked the Nayque by Sea 4. Hierome entring the River sent up 13 Vessels that rowed and at break of Day couragiously landed attacked some Works killed many of their Defendants and took their Cannon Then they marched to the Town and the Inhabitants flying up the Inland fell into the Hands of Rostican who according to agreement was upon his March destroying all before him Next day D. Hierome landed and he marching on the one side and Rostican on the other they laid all the Country in Ashes The Nayque from the Woods sent to implore Mercy promising to perform Conditions if the ruined Country were restored to him which was granted 5. Iames de Azambuja Cammander of Tidore was in great want of Ammunition the Governor of Manila sent four Barques to his Relief commanded by Peter Sarmiento who by the way took Possession of the Island Mousel The King of Ternate whose the Island was resolving to be revenged on three of the Barques that went for Provisions to Baçham sent his Brother Cachil Tulo with 24 Galliots to take them They being abroad on this Design met two Vessels belonging to the Philipine Islands that had also brought Relief to Tidore commanded by N. de Duenas He not able to avoid them attacked the Admiral Galliot and sunk her but all the others falling upon the 2 Vessels in which were but 12 Spaniards they were all slain having fought to admiration and killed and wounded many of the Enemy Tulo proud of this Success met those he before looked for after a desperate fight night parted them 200 of the Ternatenses and 8 Spaniards being killed 6. Then arrived at Tidore Duarte Pereyra with one Galleon he went to succeed Azambuja who instead of resigning the Command assaulted Pereyra in a House where he was with his Wife and Family and all was in great danger had not the King interposed At the same time arrived 400 Spaniards from Manila to assist Azambuja to recover the Fort of Ternate but he searing Pereyra in his absence would take Possession of the Command resolved to let slip this opportunity Pereyra understanding it and being of another mind said Such important Affairs ought not to be lost upon such Motives that if the other would go he would bear him Company At length Azembuja set out accompanied by the Kings of Tidore Bacham and Celebes They landed though opposed by the Natives battered the Fort without effect lost some Men and retired to Tidore 7. The City Tauris on the Borders of the greater Armenia at the Foot of the Mountain Orote was once the Court of the Kings of Persia and is now one of the most famous Places of Trade in the East rich and plentiful The Great Turk desiring to raise a Fort there sent Osman Bassa with a powerful Army who encamped before it on the Banks of a River The Persian Emperor was ready to receive him with 70000 Horse and sent out a Party to engage him while his Son Mirazen Mirsa lay in Ambush with 10000 to break out in the heat of the Fight The Youth was brave and performed his Part so well that at one onset he killed 7000 Turks and retired with Honour and Booty 7000 pursue him and he facing them cut off one half of them Next day the Turks assault the City but the Persians sallying killed 3000 at that time and again at Night 4000 more But the Governor after this abandons the City yet the Inhabitants stood upon their defence and at first made a great slaughter till over-powered by the multitude many of them were put to the Sword their Wives and Daughters abused and all plundered 8. Osman being now in Possession in a Months time raised a wonderful Fort for greatness and strength in the Royal Gardens as the most convenient place Some of the
the Court of Peking he was throughly satisfied that China and Cathay where the same thing 30. Then ended the Year 1606. The 4th of these Travels now grown pleasing to B. Benedict for that he had compassed his end found his Order where it was least to be expected and could relieve them with what he had got by his Merchandize which amounted to 2500 Crowns and at that time was a considerable Treasure He gave advice of his arrival to F. Matthew at Peking and he sent B. Iohn Fernandez a Novice of the Converts to conduct him forward He arrived at Sucheâ—… the latter end of March 1607 and 11 Days after our Discoverer died not without suspicion of Poison given by the Moors to rob him as they did abusing Isaac and B. Fernandez who having buried the deceased went to Peking CHAP. VI. The Government of the Viceroy D. Martin Alfonso de Castro from the Year 1604 till 1607. 1. DON Martin Alfonso de Castro entring upon the Government gave some signs of being ambitious of Glory but Fortune was not favourable to him or as some say his own Humour was an impediment Therefore let us proceed with the Affairs of the Conquest of Pegu. 2. Ximilica King of Arracam considering his Son was Prisoner thought good to treat with Nicote and he to come to an agreement the better to make his advantage of the Profits of the Custom-House sent Advice of all to Goa and received Orders thence to return the Prince without any Ransom But Interest being his greatest aim neither Obedience to the Viceroy nor the Respect he owed that King whose Creature he was could prevail to hinder him from selling that Prince for 50000 Crowns pretending it was for the Charge of the Fleet the King had obliged him to fit out 3. The King of Arracam justly offended hereat set out a small Fleet against Siriam which was easily defeated but gave him occasion to enslave 100000 Christians and treat them with great rigour which nevertheless moved not many of them though but new Converts Afterwards he combines with the King of Tangu who Besieges the Town with a great Army by Land while he shuts it up by Sea with 800 Sail in which he had 10000 Men. Paul del Rego met him with 80 Ships and failing of the success he had formerly setting Fire to the Powder blew up himself and all that were with him rather than fall into the Hands of the Enemy The Siege continued so long till the besieged were ready to surrender when on a sudden upon some suspicion the King of Tangu quits the Field by night and he of Arracam found it to no purpose to lie longer upon the Sea 4. Some of the neighbouring Princes startled at this success of Nicote sought his Friendship and an Alliance with the King of Portugal The first that effected it was the King of Tangu Nicote marries his Son Simon to a Daughter of the King of Martavam thereby to strengthen himself and have the opportunity of gathering more Riches And being now desirous to rob the King of Tangu tho actually then in Peace with him to colour his wicked Design he pretends that King was overcome by him of Ova as indeed he was and made Tributary since the Treaty as if that could absolve him for breach of Faith In fine with the King of Martavam's assistance he fell upon took and robbed him of Tangu and returned with him and above a Million of Gold without hearkning to the Protestations he made of his continuing a faithful Vassal to the Crown of Portugal 5. Let us keep in mind these his unjust Proceedings and in its place we shall see them rewarded as they deserve for all these Particulars happened not at this time but it is anticipated to prevent too much dismembring the Relation of them Indeed it is to be admired a Christian Government should support such Unchristian Proceedings 6. It will be fit to return to the Affairs of the Moluco Islands The Hollanders were now strong in those Seas and well backed by the Islanders who tired out with our insatiable Avarice joined with those Rebels to expel us 7. The Hollanders about this time having forced us thence had possessed themselves of Amboina Gaspar de Melo commanded there whom absolute Necessity obliged to quit it yet being unjustly accused and in danger of suffering with Disgrace his Wife poisoned him A strange Government where notorious Criminals were not punished and an innocent Person was so Persecuted that she who loved him took away his Life least they should take away his Honour who had none of their own The Portugueses who were at Tidore since the loosing of Ternate seeing the King did not deliver them up to the Hollanders who demanded them and had nine Ships in the Harbour but that he was resolved to stand by them took such Courage that they withstood the continual Batteries of 120 Cannons which played on them without intermission 8. The King of Ternate sends a Fleet to assist the Hollanders and Landing batters the Fort on the other side All we had to oppose this Power was 10 or 12 pieces of Cannon and but a small number of Men able to bear Arms. After four days Battery the Enemy gives the Assault our Men encouraged by their Captain Peter Alvarez de Abreu with Sword in Hand bravely repulse them In the midst of their hopes that this defeat would oblige the Enemy to desist the Powder by some accident taking fire blew up the greatest part of the Fort and most of the Men so that the Enemy entred it when they least expected and our Men were forced to accept of some Vessels to go where they thought fit 9. About Four hundred Persons of all sorts were shipped and got to the Philippine Islands where D Peter de Cunna Commanded Neither was their Voyage without danger the enraged Sea being ready to swallow them but the Mercy of God brought them safe ashore by virtue of certain Reliques thrown into the Water by a Jesuit which laid the Storm and after their landing were brought and laid upon the Sand by a Fish 10. In February Cunna sailed from the Philippine Islands towards Ternate with One thousand Spaniards and Four hundred of the Natives He Besieged the Fort in which was the King himself and had above One hundred Cannons The Hollanders and Ternatenses thinking to surprize the Besiegers made a Sally and were so received by Iohn Rodriguez Camelo who commanded a Company of Portugueses that he not only beat them back but entred the Fort along with them So that when the Spanish Commander came up fearing some mischance might be occasioned by that heat Camelo met him at the Gate with the Keys of the Fort and Cunna to honour him for that Action put about his Neck a Gold Chain he had upon his own 11. The Ternatenses in the fright abandoned the City as they had done the Fort. The Spanish Commander losing no time drove the
Men were in expectation of the Effect of those great Preparations when on the first of September there appeared at a great distance several Sail that seemed to be of bulk It was concluded they were Hollanders Our Governor hearing of it run down to the Shore and in a few hours made ready some Ships and Galliots saying Now shall they see how Andrew Furtado with these light Vessels boards their three Deck Ships The time is come 4. Just as he came out to order Affairs so without returning to Court was he going aboard without calling any Body but this his Resolution being known there soon flocked to him as many Men as there was occasion for So it happened to King Emanucl whom he now seemed to imitate who hearing the danger Arzila was in set out Post and without beating Drum by that his speed presently raised a great Army But as the Governor was spreading Sail advice was brought that they were no Enemies but Ships from Portugal that brought a new viceroy 5. This was Ruy Lorenço de Tavora who sailed from Lisbon at the end of October with four Galleons and a Caravel and had Wintered in the Island of Ibo Those who came received a double satisfaction one in their safe arrival the other in seeing that Port of Goa covered with such a number of Ships as represented the past more happy times 6. Many were sorry Furtado was so soon deprived of that Government for the great hopes they had conceived of his good Fortune and Heaven seemed to favour his continuance by the Death of the Count de Feyra who was going to that Command 7. Even the Viceroy that went to succeed him was troubled for seeing that Bay full of many so Ships and in such Order he asked Who governed India and being told that Andrew Furtado he replied I thought so for the greatness of this Work assured me it could have no other Author I am sorry I came now to India to take this Command because it is a hindrance to the great Actions might be expected from such a Governor 8. Since this untimely arrival of the Viceroy has cut off what might be expected from Furtado's Government let us Epitomize what he acted under others At 16 Years of Age he was in Africk when the unfortunate King Sebastian went over thither Then passed over into India and having performed some Military Exploits had the Command of ten Ships with which he relieved the Fort of Braçalor besieged by King Sincarnoboro He not only raised the Siege but reduced the King to become Tributary to Portugal then falling upon those that had combined with him destroyed their Countries with Fire and Sword and took one of the chiefest with all his Vessels putting all the Men to the Sword He took several Ships of Meca defeated the great General Cotimuza destroyed another Fleet at Manar taking many Ships slew the King of Iafanapatan that was in Rebellion ruined a Fleet of Malabars that did us great harm on those Seas raised the Siege Raju had laid to Columbo levelled the Formidable Fort of Cunnale bringing him and his Nephew Prisoners to Goa drove the Hollanders from Amboyna and Sunda reduced the Rosatelo's then in Rebellion gained many strong holds in the Islands of Ito Nao and Veranula and being Commander of Malaca held out a Siege of four Months against the Hollanders and 11 neighbouring Kings 9. It was great to overcome so many Enemies but far greater to conquer himself In the dead of Night a Woman got into his Apartment offering him her Daughter moved thereto by extream want After a severe Reprimand he charges her to marry the Daughter and gives her a Purse of Money with assurance he would make up the Portion 10. All these great Actions he had performed at the Age of 45 besides many more which in another had been considerable but not of Note to him He was as to his Quality of the best of Portugal Having governed three Months he Embarqued for Portugal died by the way of the Jaundice and lies in the Church of our Lady of Grace in Lisbon Of Stature he was somewhat tall his Complexion tawny of Body lean and was the 40th Governor and 2d of the Sirname CHAP. X. The Government of the Vice-Roy Ruy Lorenço de Tavora from the Year 1609 till 1612. 1. SCarce was Ruy Lorrenço de Tavora setled in the Government when there came in 5 Ships from Portugal which with the same number that carried him made 10 and consequently a great number of Men that went in them 2. About the beginning of the Year were set out the usual Squadrons but more numerous and better manned than usual by reason of the great Preparations before spoke of and the Men that came newly At the same time came from Lisbon 3 Ships for India 3. The greatest Action at this time was in Ceylon where D. Hierome de Azevedo who had that Command went on with the usual Success that always attended him in that Post. He marched with 700 Portugueses and 25000 Lascarines that is Chingala Soldiers to assault the City Candea and finding by the way the Fort of Balane abandoned left Antony de Costa Monteyro in it with two Companies Then advancing to the River of Candea and finding it well fortified nevertheless he attempted to pass it receiving the Enemy's Fire which for some time did no Execution Yet our Men gave way till F. Gaspar de la Madalena a Franciscan ran into the River holding up a Crucifix and encouraging them whereupon they charged and drove the Enemy from their Works who fled to the Mountains abandoning the City which was burnt and such as could be overtaken slain 4. This Success so thoroughly reconciled the King of Candea to us that he admitted the Conversation of the Franciscans and put his two Sons into their Hands to be bred Christians Thus the Peace was concluded and he writ to our King Philip to Compliment him upon his accession to the Crown testifying the great Affection he bore him and desiring to be esteemed among the Princes of Asia as one that most desired his Correspondence 5. The Moor Abdala Carima Tanadar of Nizamaluco who besides his natural hatred to the Portugueses was malicious on account that he had lost half a hand by them disturbed the Peace at Chaul His Pretence was receiving his Prince's Revenue wherein he proceeded with much Insolence and we on our part bore much rather than break into open War 6. Our Commander D. Francis Rolim complained to Nizamaluco who answered with Threats that he would fit out a Fleet and that the Hollanders were already in that Sea To be as good as his Word he set out 30 Paraos which robbed all that came in their way belonging to the Portugueses The Tanadar being thus backed hearing that George Henrique was gone out to a Wood he killed him and took his Wife and two Daughters 7. The People of Chaul pressed the Commander to commence the War
and he sends no Embassador to them without some Servant of hers the second is Inahanda that sollicites for the Moors the third Nabuiza that lives in the same Apartment with him the fourth Navemba the fifth Nemangore the sixth Nizingoapangi the seventh Nemongoro the eight Nessani the ninth Necarunda each of them lives apart with as great state as the King and have several Revenues and Kingdoms for their expence As soon as one dies another succeeds in place and name they have power to reward and punish as well as the King sometimes he goes to them sometimes they come to him there are many Women waiting on them of whom he makes use as he pleases 11. The Principal People of Monomotapa and whereof the Emperor is are the Mocarangi not warlike nor furnished with any other Arms but Bows Arrows and Javelines they have no Religion nor Idols but acknowledge one only God and believe there is a Devil that he is wicked and they call him Muzuco They believe their Kings go to Heaven and call them Muzimos and call upon them in time of need as we on the Saints They speak of things past by tradition having no knowledge of Letters They give Ear to the Doctrine of Christianity the lame and blind they call the King 's Poor because maintained by him with great Charity and if they travel the Towns they go through are obliged to maintain and furnish them guides from one place to another A good example for Christians 12. Every Month has its Festival Days and is divided into three Weeks each of 10 Days the first Day is that of the New-Moon and the Festivals the fourth and fifth of each Week On these Days they put on their best Apparel the King gives publick Audience to all holding a Truncheon about three quarters of a Yard long in each hand as it were leaning upon it they who speak to him lye prostrate this lasts from Morning till Evening If he is indisposed Ningomoxa stands in his place no body can speak to him or go to Court on the 8th Day of the New-Moon because it is held most unlucky 13. On the Day the New-Moon appears the King with two Javelins runs about in his House as if he were Fighting the great Men are present at this pastime and it being ended a pot full of Indian wheat boyled whole is brought which he scatters about the Ground bidding them Eat because it is the growth of the Earth they know how to flatter for every one strives to gather most knowing that pleases him and they Eat it as savourly as if it were the greatest dainty 14. Their greatest Holy-day is the first Day of the Moon of May they call it Chuavo On this Day all the great Men which are a vast number resort to Court and there with Javelins in their Hands run about representing a Fight the sport lasts all Day then the King withdraws and is not seen in eight Days after during which time the Drums never cease beating On the last Day he orders the Nobleman he has the least affection for to be killed this is in the nature of a Sacrifice he offers to his Muzimos or Ancestors this done the Drums cease and every Man goes home The Mumbos Eat Man's flesh whereof there is a Publick Butchery Let this suffice for the Customs of this Empire for it would be endless to relate all CHAP. XVI Continues the Government of Francis Barreto in Monomotapa 1. SUch was the Country whether the Governour Francis Barreto was now going he set out from Mozambique with more Vessels than he brought and more Men Tools Camels Horses and other necessaries for War and for the work of the Mines having Sailed Ninety Leagues he went up the River Cuama called by our first discoverer De las buenas sennales he came to Sena or Fort St. Marcalis as F. Monclaros desired and repaired the Town Inaparapala which is near to another of the Moors they being always professed Enemies to the Christians began to undermine our designs as they had formerly done in India they attempted to poyson our Army and some Men and Horses began to Die and the cause being discovered by one of them they were all put to the Sword and the Chief of them torn to pieces at the mouths of Guns except one called Mahomet Iame who affirming the Blessed Virgin had appeared to him and commanded him to become a Christian by the name of Lawrence he had the favour to be strangled The discoverer was pardoned 2. Barreto sent an Embassador to the Emperor who for the more honour admitted him to his Presence not as other Embassadors were treated at this Court which is to go without Arms bare-footed on their Knees and when they come near prostrating themselves on the ground The effect of the Embassy was to desire leave to punish the King of Mongas who was in Rebellion and go on to the Mines of Butua and Manchica The first part was a piece of flattery to obtain the second because the Lands of Mongas lie between Sena and the Mines and it was necessary to make way with the Sword He consented to all and offered One hundred thousand Men Bareto accepted not of them because he would give him no share in the Honour gained in that War and thinking thereby to oblige him the more 3. He marched ten Days with Twenty three Horse and Five hundred and sixty Musquetiers enduring much by Hunger and Thirst for the most part along the River Zambeze over whose most rapid stream hang pieces of the high Mountain Lupata ninety Leagues distant from the Ethiopian Sea At the end of this tedious march they began to discover part of the Enemy and soon after saw the-Mountains and Valleys covered with Arm'd Men the Governor was not daunted seeing it was hard to discover the end of that multitude he drew up and gave the Van to Vasco Fernando Homem he had the Rear and between the bodies was the baggage and some Field pieces when they came to charge he removed the Canon to the Front and Flanks the two unequal bodies advanced the Enemy in the sorm of a half-Moon before they engaged an old Woman advanced and scattered some Powder towards our Men having perswaded the Enemy she was a notorious Witch that that Powder alone would gain the Victory 4. Barreto understanding the superstition having seen tâ—…e like in India ordered a Gunner to level a â—…iece at her which was so well performed the old Woman was torn to pieces the Cafres were astonished believing her immortal Barreto rewarded the Gunner with a Gold Chain the Enemy advance without order either through ignorance or relying on their multitude and clouds of Arrows and Darts begin to fly but our Musquetiers killing them by Hundreds they turned their backs many were killed in the pursuit and then our Men ordered to halt the Governor marches to the City Mongas and meets another multitude like the former which in
like manner was put to flight above Six thousand Cafres were slain and two of our Men and the Governor was sorced to alight and lead his Men the City was entered without opposition being abandoned our Men entrench'd and in the Morning discovered an Army as great as both the former the Cafres were again routed and beg'd peace in the King's name The Governor received the Messenger with such Majesty that he was astonished and could not speak being come to himself and having delivered his Message Barreto promised he would see the King and mat ters should be adjusted 5. The next Day our Men marched and incamped in a convenient place where Embassadors came from the King to treat of Peace It happened one of our Camels broke loose and came so near the Governor that he stoped him till they came up that were in pursuit of him â—…e Cafres having never seen such a Beast admired it stopped at the Governor thinking it some submission it made to him and began to ask some questions He making his advantage of their ignorance told them he had many of those Beasts that only fed upon Man's flesh and having devoured all that were killed that Beast came from the rest to desire he would not make Peace because they would come to want Food they astonished hereat earnestly intreated him he would desire the Camels to be satisfied with good Beef and they would instantly bring them a great number He granted their request and marched on He was in great distress for Provision when news came his presence was required at Mocambique He gave the Command of the Forces to Vasco and departedâ—… The cause was this 6. Antony Pereyra Brandam who at the Molucos had committed Crimes that deserved the severest punishment in Portugal was condemned to banishment into Africk he desired the Governor he might be permitted to go with him to Monomotapa he did it and being come to Moçambique gave him the Command of that Fort. Brandam though Eighty Years of Age and under such obligations resolved to secure himself in the Fort and defame Francis Barreto with false informations sent to the King the Original Papers fell into the Governor's Hands who being come to Moçambique showed them to him and he falling down and kissing his Feet begg'd Pardon Barreto lifted up and forgave him then giving the Command of the Fort to Laurence Godino returned to prosecute his design 7. Our Governor being come to the Fort of Sena F. Monclaros came out in a great rage to tell him he should desist from that Conquest with which he had imposed upon the King that no more Men might be lost for he should be answerable to God for what had and should die It was most certain Barreto was not the promoter of that Conquest and Monclaros was in fault for all the miscarriage that had been committed Barreto took this insolence so much to Heart that he died within two Days without any other Sickness breathing out his Soul in sighs Doubtless the Jesuit had more to answer for his death than he for the miscarriages the Jesuit was guilty of 8. King Sebastian much resented this loss and particularly expressed it by the honourable Reception he made to his Body when brought to Lisbon So this great Man having escaped so many Bullets among the Indians so many Darts and Arrows among the Cafres and the Malice of a Villain fell by the Words of a religious Man CHAP. XVII The Government of Vasco Fernandez Homem in Monomotapa in the Reign of King Sebastian 1. THE Governor Francis Barreto being dead an order of the King 's found among his Papers was opened by which Vasco Fernândez Homem his Major was appointed to succeed him The Perswasions of F. Monclaros who now disliked the Conquest so far prevailed with him that forgetting his Duty he returned to Moçambique There some understanding Persons and chiefly Francis Pinto Pimentel his Kinsman represented this Affair in such manner to him that he returned to Monomotapa Being now delivered of that religious Man who went away to Portugal he set out by the way of Zofala as Francis Barreto would have done that being the properest Road for the Design in hand He marched directly towards the Mines of Manchica of the Kingdom Chicanga bordering by the Inland with that of Quiteyve the next in Power to Monomotapa With him was the same number of Men and sorts of Instruments his Predecessor had To oblige the King of Quiteyve he Complemented and sent him Presents and tho' these are the most efficacious means to make all things easie that Prince grew so jealous of these Solicitations that he received all very coldly 2. The Governor not making much account of his Answer marched into his Kingdom Several Bodies of Cafres attempted to stop his Passage but were routed with great slaughter The King seeing he did not prevail by force of Arms had recourse to Policy He caused all the People and Provisions to be withdrawn from the Towns and Country so that our Men suffered extream want till they came to Zimbaoe his Court whence he was fled and had fortified himself in inaccessible Mountains Vasco burnt the City and marched on to Chicanga the King whereof rather through fear than love received him with exterior signs of Affection and gave him free passage to the Mines Our Men marched to them many believing they should gather Gold by handfuls but seeing the Natives with much difficulty gather'd but little in a long time and not being expert at that work and that to make any thing of it more Men and Materials were requisite they return'd the way they came and parted Friends with that King 3. Though they obtained not what was sought this way yet the ease wherewith they came to the place designed evinced how great an Error it was to impose F. Monclaros as Director to the late Governor who only to follow his own extravagant Humour lead him a way so dangerous and tedious Vasco returned to Quiteyve and that King did now for fear what he refused before permitting the Portugueses to march to the Mines of Maninnas only upon condition they should pay him Twenty Crowns yearly Vasco passed thence to the Kingdom of Chicova bordering upon Monomotapa to the Norward along the Inland The cause of undertaking this March was the Account he had of rich Silver Mines Having encamped he ask the Cafres for the Mines and they seeing it was in vain to resist and fearing the discovery of the Mines would be their Ruine scattering some Ore far enough from the Mines shewed it telling them there they were 4. By this means the Cafres got time to escape for our Men giving credit to them let them go perhaps not desiring they should see what Treasure they got The Governor caused all round about to be dug and after much labour it was no wonder he did not find what was not there Provision growing scarce and finding no Fruit of his Labour he