he might not onely come in safety but if he woulde he would sende him hostages But relying vpon the Dukes promises hee went vnto him and was curteously entertained The captaine excused himselfe for not admitting of the trumpet saying there had not beene any one with him nor spoke with any one that was within that place the which if he had done he would haue made answere with that curtesie which was conuenient by reason whereof the trumpet was in danger of hanging The Duke exhorted Tristan Vaz with many reasons to resigne the forte as appertaining to his king shewing vnto him the danger wherein hee was The matter being a little debated betwixt them the captaine saide vnto him that if he woulde promise in the name of the Catholique king to performe such recompences as Anthony had graunted him he woulde yeelde it vp which the Duke freely offring they were agreed So as being returned leading with him some Spanish captaines soldiers he resigned the fortresse where the assieged were so decaied as they seemed to issue foorth of a deadly prison And although some did esteeme the captaine for this action to be treacherous and others a cowarde yet as he saide the rocke with such vnexpert soldiers was not defensible besides the Gouernors had declared Philip successour A little before the yeelding of S. Iulian the Duke had sent to Peter Barba captain of Cabessa Secca willing him to yeeld the forte the which he hauing refused when as he vnderstood the fortresse was yeelded and that the Duke brought in his galleies he woulde no longer attende but hauing abandoned the place with the consent of the Prior and saued certaine artillerie he fledde to the campe at Alcantara By these losses feare encreased in the citie chiefly amongst the principals who fearing to be spoiled were daily more disposed to yeelde to the Catholique King besides they did see small helpe in the Priors affaires and they hoped by their yeelding to obtaine some priuilege from his Maiestie and had before this made offer of themselues if the respect of the Prior who was in field and so neere had not deteined them At this time they had intelligence of the arriuall of fower ships at the Ilande of Terceraes which came from the Indies very rich and of great importance for the citie the losse whereof if the galleies shoulde seaze on them woulde cause great hinderance both in the particular and generall and therefore the greatest part wished that one of the armies woulde yeelde to the other before the ships should arriue For this cause the citie sent againe vnto Anthony to shewe vnto him the danger and as it were the siege wherein they were hauing the entrie of the sea shut vp that the Duke hauing so great numbers of men and he so fewe he ought not though he might to hazard the fortune of a fielde with so great disaduantage They did secretly aduise him to compound seeming the best way to ende these troubles and then the ships might safely enter Moreouer they did suppose that if in fighting the Duke should remaine victor so neere the citie they should hardly saue it from the spoile of the soldiers Notwithstanding Anthony for his small experience being irresolute disdaining the Dukes speeches and ill aduised by his friends these reasons could not draw him to resolue but the next day he sent to the magistrate the Count of Vimioso the Bishop of Guarda and Emanuel of Portugall to intreate the citie to defend it selfe and to send him more men to the campe incouraging them sometimes deuising that the French succours were on the way sometimes shewing the Priors forces to bee greater then they were and the enimies lesse But as the words of the magistrate did nothing mooue the Prior no more did the speeches of the Prior alter the inward minde of the Magistrate so as all remained in suspence euery man with his owne intentions True it is that as well the saide Prior as some of the magistrates had easily agreed with the Duke vpon certaine conditions But the Priors will was forced by those of the house of Portugall and especially by the Bishop and the Citizens by many new officers who had their places in perpetuitie the which were woont to bee graunted but for a time These men arrogating to themselues more authoritie then was giuen them woulde not suffer the execution of any thing but what pleased themselues But for all this Anthony was not without feare that the citie woulde rebell against him to his vtter ruine trusting in fewe he coulde finde no better remedie then to place continually at the gates of the citie and in the armie at sea a number of religious men of diuers orders to guarde the entrie with the soldiers and to keepe the keies trusting deseruedly more in them then in the captaines that were there imploied For in the assemblies and counsels of State that were often held there appeered more hatred against the Castillians and more will to fight in the religious men then in the secular The Duke was now returned to the same lodging of Oeiras a place both by nature and arte strong For besides the great number of artillerie and rampiers the countrey was rough stony whereas the horsemen could hardly fight in whose force the Portugals relied much He made no shewe to dislodge for supposing now as in effect it was that from thence he helde all the realme assieged and principally with his galleies hee supposed that both the Prior and the citie would soone yeelde vnto him Besides that to march on considering his craftie nature and slowe disposition and the Portugals armie being so neere he thought it not conuenient he laboured with all possible deuises to be cōquerour without fighting and had now almost corrupted the captaines of the galleies and of the tower of Belem who shoulde soone haue deliuered vnto him both tower and armie the which had been effected if Anthony himselfe had not gone in person who hauing dispossessed in a manner all the captaines of their charges and placed others without giuing them respite to execute their practises but he was nowe growen so iealous of euery man finding in all men so great feare and so little faith that hee knewe not whom to trust if he were not a religious man a marriner or of the baser sort And for that it seemes alwaies to such as feare that they are betraied it hapned that fire being kindled by chaunce in certaine straw which lay about the castell wals of the citie where his roiall tapestrie lay he grewe suspicious that this fire had beene some signe vnto the enimies and that the marchant strangers whom he had placed there in guard had made it for that they woulde not goe to fielde to fight and this feare was so violent that without examining the fact without considering they were Flemmings whose nation for the most part were the most obstinate enimies that euer the Catholique
not allowe of this stratageme holding it for a refreshing to the enimie without any profite for it was not likely that that which had casually chaunced against sixe hundreth men woulde succeed in the like sort against twelue thousand whereupon they sent them backe As the Marques had viewed this troupe of beasts hauing reinforced the point of his armie with Germaine pikes commaunding them that if they came they shoulde quietly suffer them to come on so passed this day the French not ceasing to disquiet the enimie with certaine peeces of artillerie they had planted vpon those hils Then did Emanuel de Silua resolue to flie the which hee coulde not easily effect for that euerie man kept a watch ouer him and therefore hee caused a false brute to be spredde abroad that he had threescore saile of French ships at sea which came to their succour and seeming that he would sende to meete with them he caused the prepared barke to goe out of the port that it might attend him at Altary but when they came at the mouth the artillerie from the fortes woulde not suffer them to passe either ignorant of their intention or for that the authoritie of Silua began now to decline so as returning backe the flight of Emanuel was preuented During this time the Spaniards were distressed for water beeing forced vntill then to furnish themselues from their armie whereof the French had great store and therefore the Marques consulted that night to amend if it were possible the next morning the seate of their lodging the which was helde somewhat difficult but for as much as both good fortune and badde hath no limits he found lesse difficultie then he expected for the same night the greatest part of the Portugals vnder Emanuel de Silua terrified with the skirmi sh of the day the number of the enimies seeming too great hauing abandoned the French retired themselues confusedly to the mountaine although woorthie of admiration for being the very same obstinate rebels which esteemed themselues so great warriors as they would neuer heare motion of accord peace nor pardon it seemed strange that now when as laying a side words they needed effects they departed so shamefully and changed their mindes so sodainely for in their flight they saide that this Ilande appertained to the Catholique king and that it was reason to yeeld it vnto him But wee ought not to value the constancie of the peoples harts nor their valour The Generall of the French seeing the Portugals departure and that Emanuel de Silua who had so highly commended their valour stoode in a traunce he resolued to saue himselfe with his men the day drawing neere he beganne likewise to retire to the mountaine of our Lady of Guadalupa with hope that Silua had giuen him that there in a certaine place of strength he should be able so long to defend himselfe that the kings armie winter drawing on shoulde be forced to retire and that afterwards if they coulde not recouer what they had lost they shoulde haue an easie meanes to returne into Fraunce but for that the quitting of their lodging was not verie safe fearing least the Marques standing vpon his guarde shoulde charge them he caused as many of his soldiers as he could spare to march before leauing some behinde to maintaine skirmish with the Spaniards and to entertaine them a little if they approched But the Marques hauing soone discouered the enimies departure aduanced with his whole armie putting those few that remained to flight he recouered the water and Saint Sebastian with some peeces of artillery where the soldiers hauing refreshed themselues and all the French departed he tooke his way towards the citie of Angra distant about tenne miles finding no let in his march for that the enimie fearefully had taken a contrarie course This citie being nothing fortified to the lande lay open and therefore was abandoned not onely of the soldiers but also of the inhabitants themselues who fledde as well out of the castell as the towne The armie arriued there after great labour for the season being verie hot the countrie drie not finding vpon their march one droppe of water the soldiers endured much and some of them especially of the Germaines died for thirst Being arriued the spoile of the citie continued three daies although the houses were for the most part emptie so as the greatest number of men that were founde there were prisoners whom they set at libertie By meanes of their entrie into the citie all the other fortes were taken for being onely made against the landing they were towards the lande open and indefensible As the armie marched against the towne so did the galleies in like sort against those ships that lay in the harbour drawing neere vnto them they woulde haue forced them to obey with their artillerie but they shot in vaine for being abandoned by such as were left in them there was not any man left to make answere which the galleies discouering they boorded and spoiled them The bootie both at land and sea was not verie great for besides the artillerie they found not any thing of great importance The slaues which were in number aboue fifteene hundred was the greatest recompence they got The citie being spoiled and other places thereabouts the Marques desired that the inhabitants should returne to their houses for although the souldiers which were retired into some place of the mountaines had carried with them some prisoners both men and women the which after they deliuered freely yet the greatest part returned not and therefore he caused a generall proclamation to bee made that euerie man some excepted should freely returne vnto his house but the Portugals beeing distrustfull they were few that came at that time although after by little and little they grew more confident Things being reduced into this estate although the French remained still in the mountaine the Marques thought it fit to send vnto other Ilands to force them to obedience especially to Fayale where there remained a garrison For this consideration hauing imbarqued in his galleies and some other small vessels 2500. foote drawen out of all nations hee sent them to the said Iland vnder the conduct of Peter de Toledo Whilest these went vnto that other enterprise the French remaining in the Iland of Tercerae although they had somewhat fortified themselues in the mountaine being ill prouided of victuals and munition woorse succoured by the Portugals resolued with the most honourable conditions they could to make their composition with the Marques Mounsieuer de Chattes remembred that he had knowen beeing in Malta Peter de Padiglia a gentleman that came with the Marques an expert Marshall of the Spanish campe to whom remembring their familiaritie he did write his minde demanding free passage not only for himselfe and his troupes baggage Armes artillerie and ensignes but also would haue passage graunted for all Portugals that would imbarke
and baggage by reason wherof he carried with him aboue sixe thousand chariots and fiue and twenty peeces of canon and passing vnder the walles of Eluas there was nothing to be done being already yeelded In three daies march he came to Stremos receiuing all places thereabouts to obedience which might be amazed at the bruite of the armie But for that he laboured to assure the kings person aboue all being entred two daies iourney within the countrey he sent backe Peter Manrique de Padilla a knight of account and well experienced in the warre with two companies of men at armes and Peter d' Ayala Marshall of the field an old soldier with a regiment of Spaniards who lodged at Eluas assuring those quarters from all reuolutions that might be feared within Stremos was captaine Iohn Dazeuedo Admirall of the realme yoong and hardie who put himselfe in defence and was cause that the armie made longer stay there then at any other lodging He whē as the gouernors were yet at Almeryn had obtained by the meanes of Martin Gonzales de Camera somewhat allyed vnto him the Captainship of that place and after being written vnto by Anthonie as king he would not obey him saying that he did not acknowledge any other superiour then the gouernours to whom he had giuen his oath At this time the Duke being arriued he sent vnto him Peter de Luna a captaine of horse with letters from the king requiring his obedience but he refused to yeeld it for the same reasons he had giuen to Anthonie he trusted more to the defence of the place then the force thereof would warrant and the rather for the diligence of Diego de Meneses who when he had speech of the fortifying of Eluas seeing it could not be effected he had retired himselfe to Stremos thinking there to make head and hauing animated the people to defende it he promised them great succours so as all agreeing with the Admirall they were resolute to fight At this time Christopher de Mora who went from Settuual to Badagios passing through the citie he persuaded the Landini chiefe citizens to yeeld obedience vnto the king and for that it was easie for them to turne the people as they pleased they induced them soone to obey So as the Admirall remained alone in his obstinacie within the castell with some of his friends and familiars and although they laboured to bring him to obedience yet would he not yeeld excusing himselfe that it appeered not vnto him that the king was heire to the realme neither did the comming of the Prior Ferrant de Toledo sonne to the Duke of Alua preuaile who discouering him to be a man of small consideration made offer vnto him that the Duke should be bound that whensoeuer it should appeere that the realme appertained not vnto Philip hee should restore him to the place he now enioyed neither preuailed it to let him vnderstand that he could not resist making answere obstinately that when he had done his last endeuour hee woulde abandon the place with the losse of his life seeming that he coulde not otherwise saue his honour But this resolution lasted little for discouering from the castell that the Duke had already planted his artillerie that those of the citie which had promised to defend him were all against him and that some Castillian soldiers were entred the citie being all amazed he resolued to retire himselfe and leaue the fortresse wanting courage to defend it but in issuing foorth the Castillians tooke him prisoner and led him to the Duke who was in doubt whether he should punish him corporally to terrifie the rest by his first example but he pardoned him and sent him prisoner to Villauizosa writing vnto the king that he tooke pitie of him being yoong and without experience When the magistrate and the citizens had taken their oath and done the accustomed ceremonies to obey the king the armie marched towardes Mounte maior by the way of Arraialos leauing Euora on the left hande a citie of importance but then greatly afflicted with the plague But to the ende it shoulde not remaine behinde vnyeelded the Duke sent thither Henry de Guzman with twentie horse to take possession thereof both for that hee knewe it was vnpeopled as also vnderstanding that Diego de Castro who was Captaine there and the principalles of the citie who were retired to their gardens thereabouts desired to yeeld their obedience by reason whereof the saide captaine and Magistrate being assembled togither a mile from the citie vnder the Portall of our Ladies church there Constantine de Brito a Notarie receiued a publike acte whereby they deliuered the citie to his Maiesties obedience the which they all assigned The Duke beeing now arriued in fower daies march at Mount Maior the new where hauing found no resistance although the Counte Vimioso had beene there a little before taking possession thereof he came within fower daies to Settuual without wasting the countrey as is vsuall in warre for he neither slewe nor spoiled the inhabitants of townes nor suffered them to tread downe the corne which was then ripe It seemed that Diego de Meneses had not shewed the fruits that were expected of his valour within that prouince nor of that heate wherewith hee vndertooke the defence hauing for that cause refused the place of Viceroy of the Indies which is the greatest charge giuen in that realme For hauing first from the Gouernours and after from the Prior receiued charge to defend the saide prouince hee not onely neglected the defence but also retired himselfe He excused this weake resistance saying that the Gouernors had deceiued him in not furnishing him with armes and other things necessarie and that hauing no other armes with the people but wordes he was enforced to retire himselfe But whatsoeuer the cause was all that part beyond the riuer of Tagus which is the most fertile within the realme remained disarmed and in pray to the enimie Anthonie being returned from Settuuall to Lisbone he was receiued with great ioy being the first time he had entred as king And although the infection with the diuision of the Nobilitie had much vnpeopled it yet made they deuises with great shewes of ioy I will not leaue to report as a thing remarkable that there was a cōpany of poore women which sell thinges in the market place the which marching in order like soldiers with their armes she which was their captaine in steade of a Halberd carried a fire panne seeming to remember the auncient battaile of Algibarotta betwixt the Castillians and the Portugals where these being conquerors they vaunted that a Bakers wife had slaine seauen Castillians with a fire panne The Gouernors who were fledde from Settuuall to a castell whereas Ambrose de Aguiar was then captaine imbarqued secretly and their feare was so great as not holding themselues assured in any part of the realme they were conducted to Ayamont a citie belonging to the
and I am so well assured that although we shall be now separated one from another that shortly we shall be assembled againe to your great benefite and profite and to the shame and dishonour of our enimies These words did mooue the harts and eies of many no man answering him a word so as being retired with his faithfull followers he departed as it were in secret without publishing his departure and going to the Monasterie of Aronca by the vnknowen way of Vairam and Barcellos hee came to Viana Sanches d' Auila hauing passed all his troupes and put the Portugals that kept the passage to flight he came against the towne the which being ignorant of the Priors intent manned with many soldiers resolued to defend themselues keeping the Castillians all they could from approaching with their artillerie Being come to the enimies cannon Rodericke Sapatta arriued at the same instant with his boates who landed without any contradiction but the Portugals preuented them with their flight so as there remained not any one Sanches did long pursue such as fled and caused his horse to followe them but the rainie day and the diuersitie of the waies gaue them good meanes to escape so as the Castillians returned with the slaughter of few The conquerors beleeued that the Prior was yet remaining in the citie seeing them make shew of defence and continually to play with their artillerie the which did small hurt But whilest that Sanches looked about who made resistance and sought out the fittest lodging to force the towne the citizens discouering the Priors flight changed their resolutions making a signe of peace with a white cloth from the wals which was an assurance of the victorie and of the Priors flight by reason whereof diuiding his horsemen into two parts he caused them to pursue him by two diuers waies and the magistrate of the citie issuing foorth yeelded his obedience who offering to open the gates Sanches commaunded him to the contrarie for feare of the soldiers who were greedie of the spoile But notwithstanding this order from the captaine the city was in danger to be sacked for remaining yet within some of the Priors soldiers as some of the chiefe of the Castillians entred by one of the gates the inhabitants let foorth the Portugals by an other the which they coulde not do so secretly but they were discouered by some of the companies that lay abroad who suffring them to passe entred by the same gate and began to spoile some houses on that side of the towne and so had continued with the rest if before the arriuall of the other companies Sanches d' Auila hearing the noise had not runne in person with the officers and staied them by his authoritie In the meane time the Prior entring Viana finding he coulde no longer make resistance within the realme resolued to imbarke and saile into Fraunce and for that cause did furnish a ship but forbore to imbarke by reason of the contrarie winde At this time there arriued at Viana one part of those horse which persued him hauing intelligence of his being there against whom the citie put themselues in armes But the captaine saying vnto them that if they refused to obey they should be spoiled by the armie which approched and would arriue that day or the next they grew amased and yeelded vpon condition to haue their liues and goods saued Vpon the view of these horsemen the Prior finding himselfe in so great danger in a place of small trust and disarmed resolued rather to contest against the waues and windes then against the enimie and therefore he imbarked with the Bishop and some other of his traine hoping that whilest the citie made resistance hee lying there concealed some small winde woulde driue them from the lande But fortune to speake after the common phrase seemed not yet wearie of him for the sea swelled more and the windes encreased and continued so long that the Castillians being entred and demanding for him they had intelligence he was in the shippe making preparation to go take him wherof they seemed to be assured But the Prior vnderstanding thereof seeing into what danger he was now brought hauing deuided his treasure which was not great to such as were about him hee attired himselfe like a marriner and accompanied with the Earle and Bishop and some of his other fauorites with the most pretious things that he had he tooke boate in great danger of drowing landing vpon the other banke of the riuer of Minio the which is directly against the citie The which the Castillians discouering made haste to pursue him But for as much as the riuer is not to be passed there before the Castillians could embarke he had time to saue himselfe loosing all his seruants and some things of price yet had hee all his most precious iewels sowed in his garments True it is that since there was found in Castill some peeces of the rich caparison where of I made mention in a souldiers possession who said he had then taken it from one of the Priors slaues but the King suspicious that Anthonie had beene his prisoner and deliuered for that ransome kept him long in prison It seemed that Fortune did accompanie the Prior to preserue him it may be for some greater affliction for this Realme for at the same instant he left his boate and went to lande there arriued on the same side that other troupe of horsemen that pursued him who had easily taken him if they had once suspected he had beene there but discouering on the other side a troupe of horse imbarking to passe the riuer not able to discerne by reason of the distance whether they were friends or enemies nor for what reason they passed they were in doubt what to doe during which time the Prior retired himselfe And although by their approch they found by their colours who they were yet before the one could vnderstand the others resolution the time was spent and they effected nothing The king did now beginne to recouer his health after so dangerous a sicknesse at which time Queene Anne his wife fell sicke of a rotten feuer the which in few daies brought her to another life wherewith the king was much grieued being a Ladie wholy conformable to his humour and indued with singular bountie Hauing recouered his former health forbearing to enter the realme vntill all were reduced to his obedience seeing now the Prior to be defeated and to hide himselfe he went to Eluas the first citie of the realme where the Portugals receiued him with great ioy for that in this citie and others bordering vpon Castill their hatred is not so mortall against the Castillians as in other places There he did open the barred hauens that is he disanulled the imposts which were paied as well in Castill as in Portugall of all such merchandize as passed from realme to realme the which amounted yeerely to 150000. duckats he
The discontentments of the people of Lisbone Henrie desired to marrie The Catholique King sends a lacobin into Portugall The predendents to the Crowne of Portugall cited to declare their reasons Philip frames a counsell of the affaires of Portugal Iohn de Silua solicites to be sent backe into Portugall Christopher de Mora called againe and sent Ambassadour into Portugall in steede of Iohn de Silua The grounds of the Prior. Of the Duke of Sauoy Of the Duke of Parma Of the Dutchesse of Braganca Of the Catholike King The ground of the people The Queen Mother of Fraunce The peoples complaint against King Henrie The letters of the Prior to Henrie The sentence of King Henry against the Prior touching his legitimation The reasons of the Catholique king against the pretendents Against the Prior. Against the Duke of Sauoy Against the Duke of Parma Against the Dutchesse of Bragance Against the people Against the Queene mother of Fraunce Philip sendeth to signifie his right to Henry Philip prepares for warre against the Portugals The suspension of Henries briefe The Priors letters to Henry con cerning his rigor Henries second sentence against the Prior. Henrie changeth his opinion to the benefit of Philip touching the succession The offers of Pope Gregory 13 to the Catholike King A publication of the gouernors of Portugall The discourse of the Portugals vpon the state of the Realme The Castillians discourse touching the affaires of Portugall The Portugals answere to the Castillians discourse The plague in Portugall and the proceedings Bezar stone excellent against the plague The States of Almerin Henry changeth the Deputies of Lisbone and the cause The opening of the Estates at Almerin by the Bishop of Leiria The answere of Sosa Deputie of Lisbne A mutinie at Coimbra The speech of Moniz Deputie of Lisbone The Deputies of the Realme sent to Henrie to be admitted to the election of the King with the answere King Henry sicke The death of King Henry The life of Henry The regencie of the gouernors Martin Gonsalues sent to the deputies of the Realme The deputies aunswere to Martin The resolution of Gonzalues ambassage Anthonies course to obtaine the Crowne Anthony his letters to the states of Almerin The States answere to Anthony and his arriuall The clause of King Henries testament The speach of the Deputie of Portalegre The states send to the Gouernors The duke of Barcellos detained by the Duke of Medina Sidonia The diligence of the catholique King to assure his conscience for the Realm of Portugall The Catholique Kings preparatiues against Portugall The duke of Alua chosen generall of the army into Portugall The Catholique Kings Letters to the Duke of Alua. The Catholique King goes towards Portugall The Duke of Alua ariues at his Army The nombers of the Dukes Army The comming of the Ambassadors from the gouernors to the Catholique King and their negotiation The conclusion of the States at Almeryn The Gouernors prepare for defence The manner of the enterprise of Portugall The state of the Duke of Alua his armie The conditions that the Catholique King offred if they would deliuer the realme quietly The Gouernors sollicite their defence The Drie head fortified A confusion of the affaires of Portugall and the Gouernours The disorder of the religious of Belem Doctor Fernand de Pina slaine The answer of the Catholique king to the Portugals The gouernours inconstancie The diligence of the Catholique King vpon his entrie by force into Portugall made by the Diuines of Alcala The Catholique King takes possession of Portugall A question whether the Catholique King should go with the armie in person The Kings army wasted Confusion in Portugall The taking of Eluas The Kings letters to them of Eluas The reduction of Oliuenza The Catholique king his letter vnto Anthonie Anthonie proclaimed King of Portugall Two contrarie factions in Oliuenza The Catholique king sworne at Oliuenza The gouernors neglect the defence of Lisbone Anthonie arriues at Lisbone and proclaimed King The speech of Fonsequa for the creation of Anthonie The flight of Teglio The flight of the gouernors Anthonie arriued at Settuual Cascayes S. Iulian yeelde to Anthonie The Duke of Bragance sendes to Philip. The Catholique kings answere to the Duke of Bragance The taking of Villauisosa Reasons why the King should not goe in person The Kings army entred into Portugall The taking of Stremos Euora yeelded The taking of Mount Maior Anthony his entrie into Lisbone The decree of the Gouernors Anthonies preparation for the defence of the kingdome Disorders at Lisbone The taking of Settuual The arriuall of the Marques of Saint Crux with the armie by sea The yeelding of the fortresse Three poore women crying to Anthony to succour Settuual Anthonies care to succour Settuual The counsell of Anthonie and his resolutions Anthonies feare The resolutions of Anthony and of his counsell The Bishop of Guarda seconds Anthony The counsell of Anthony ill grounded An allarum at Lisbone Anthony offers to compound Cardinall Riario sent Legatinto Spaine The discourse of the Spaniards vpon this Legation The Legat visites the King The sundrie opinions for the passage of the army The armie passeth at Cascaies The disimbarking of the Dukes armie The disposition of the Dukes armie They charge the Portugals who retire The blames of Meneses and his excuses A confusion in the citie of Lisbone Anthony goes towards Cascaies Cascaies taken and spoiled The castell taken Diego de Meneses beheaded Henry Pereira hanged Anthonie marcheth towards Belem with his men consusedly Religious men deuided into factions Anthonic retires to Alcantara The Catholique kings pardon to the Portugals The Duke marcheth against the rocke of Saint Iulian. A treatie of agreement with Anthony Anthony his letter to the King The answere of the Duke to Anthony The rocke of Saint Iulian battered and the aduise of the Inginers A poore woman cause of the yeelding of Saint Iulian The rocke of Saint Iulian yeelded Cabessa Secca abandoned The feare of them at Lisbone The yeelding of the tower of Belem The Duke of Alua his speech to the soldiers The order of the Dukes armie Anthony his preparation against the Duke The flight of Anthony towards the citie his defeate and hurt The yeelding of Lisbone The spoile of the suburbs of Lisbone The number that were slaine in the battaile The Duke blamed The commendations of the Duke of Alua. The Catholique kings sicknes and the discourse vpon it Lisbone sweares obedience to the king A contagious Catar Saint Arem yeelds obedience The Prior assembles new forces Auero taken The Duke blamed The Dukes excuses The yeelding of the places in Affricke which the Portugals held The Terceraes Sanches de Auila against the Prior. The yeelding of Coimbra The estate of Porto and the reduction The Portugals and Castillians disagree The yeelding of Auero and other exploites of Sanches d'Auila The statagem of Anthony Serrano to recouer aboate Sanches D' Auila passeth the riuer of Doro at Auintes The speech of Auila
obserued not the custome of all nations which is that when an armie enters master of the field they commaund all places which cannot defend themselues to yeeld to the end they may auoide the violent course of warre to slaie all such as make resistance whereas not vsing of this rigour they shall be forced to bring the cannon before euerie cottage and make the warre perpetuall yet this letter neuer induced them to set a resolute order to any towne They were wel resolued to giue the realme to the Catholique King yet coulde they not conclude for the effecting thereof They feared in a manner to be stoned if they discouered this intention and therefore they woulde not hazard themselues loosing daily all hope to bring the matter to that passe that the King should acknowledge the crowne from them as they pretended Besides the King being wholie of an other minde they knew not what they could do if they had would The people who flatter themselues much and endure little supposed the defence was easie euery man shewed himselfe a lion for the defence of his owne house yet woulde they not go armed to fielde Those of the house of Portugall and the other aduersaries to the Catholique King were in no lesse confusion then the Gouenours for hauing beene obstinate in their opinions they found they had mooued the indignation of Philip against them without profite And although they were more confident in the defence then they ought to be yet did they feare the kings protestations by the which demaunding possession of the realme he threatned such as should withstand him The Agents of the Catholique King laboured to suborne those as they had the rest yet it preuailed not for being in the beginning obstinate confident in the midst and distrustfull in the end to obtaine pardone they woulde neuer agree yet left they not to hope that the more they proceeded in the defence the better they shoulde let the King vnderstand their forces and might compound with greater aduantage And for that the warres continued the Gouernors supposed that in this forte the King shoulde acknowledge the crowne from them But he being well enfourmed of all these matters and hauing treated with many frontier townes of Portugall to yeeld hauing imparted vnto them the equitie of his cause by ample allegations entreating them not to be the cause of the ruine of the realme hauing caused Peter de Velasco soueraigne iudge of Badagios to write to some particulars he first attempted Eluas as neerest vnto him The Citizens fearing they should either in deed or worde be first set vpon attended daily this Embassage They were deuided as it often happens into two contrarie factions the one enclined to the obedience of Philip the other vnder colour of liberty fidelity to the Gouernors would by no meanes receiue him for their Lorde The heades of the first partie were George Passano and Iohn Rodrigo Passano brothers followed by many Citizens whom they call Esquires On the other side was Anthony de Melo captaine of the citie whose opinion was followed by the greatest part of the Nobilitie but in farre lesse nnmber then the rest whereas euery man spake his minde openly Diego de Meneses had beene there a little before to fortifie the citie and seeking to enlarge their ditches he found it a matter of some difficultie so as he departed without effecting any thing saying that he would returne with armes which the Gouernours shoulde sende whereof failing the Citizens knew well they coulde not resist True it is that the King had long before prepared their mindes by the meanes of Frier Vincent of Fonseca a preaching Frier kinseman to the Passani a noble familie and well followed enclined from the beginning with al their followers to the deuotion of Philip he vsed all meanes to drawe the rest vnto him yet the day of Th' annunciation of the blessed Virgin this religious man preaching labouring to perswade the people to the Kings obedience they did not willingly heare him So as now when he sought to take possession thereof hauing dispatched many messengers to the Bishop and Anthony de Melo in the ende he sent Peter de Velasco with letters to the principall of the towne and procuration to receiue this citie to his obedience Being arriued at Eluas the xvij of Iune with eighteene men vnarmed although the gates were shut by reason of the infection yet was he presently let in by the iudge of the towne and going to the church of pittie he caused the Bishop the Magistrate of the chamber and the Nobilitie to be assembled to whom he deliuered the letters which the King had written containing in substance that the matter being apparant that the succession of the realme belonged vnto him he had sent the saide Peter with procuration to receiue it vnto his obedience if they woulde yeeld it adding vnto his kinde wordes many offers And although the Bishop Melo and the Magistrate of the chamber receiued these letters and read them yet the Nobilitie did not accept them so easilie for that some feared to commit an errour and others debating who shoulde receiue them they did not accept them yet they agreed that Frier Anthony de la Cerda Prior of the Monasterie of Saint Dominick shoulde receiue the letters for the Nobilitie and bring them to the cathedrall church so as all letters being read Melo and the Magistrate who preceaded the rest demaunded eight daies libertie to consult and to giue their answere intending in the meane time to sende to the Gouernours the which Velasco would not graunt but saide vnto them that he woulde presently returne wishing them to aduise and not to cause the armie which his Maiestie had so neere to march to their losse yet they sent Gaspar de Britto to Stremos where Diego de Meneses generall of that prouince remained to aduertise him of what had passed remaining thus in suspence vntill the next day When as the Passani enformed of Melos intention contrarie to their will and authoritie resolued to kill him if he refused to yeeld and had alreadie incensed the people against him causing many to giue out publikely that they woulde be Castillians Velasco went after to the castell to perswade Melo in priuate to make the matter more easie and not to shewe himselfe without reason enimie to the King But it was in vaine for he saide that he had receiued this place from the Gouernors and that he woulde not yeelde it to any man without their commandement If it were adiudged to appertaine vnto the King he woulde presently yeelde Standing vpon these tearmes there appeared by the commandement of Velasco about the towne ditches neere sixe hundreth horse armed who seased vpon the wels and conduits of water which serued the inhabitants for their watering putting the Portugals into great feare so as nowe the women began to crie and to curse Melo and all those that woulde not yeeld obedience vnto the king Some
become Lord of Lisbone without blowes he treated touching the defence thereof being perswaded thereunto by the Magistrate who requested him to enter the citie to that end protesting that if the Prior tooke possession it shoulde not be their fault which coulde not hinder it but his who could and would not By meanes whereof although but coldly he assembled many companies of peasants thereabouts the which he sent for the guard of the citie and to hinder the Priors entrie He commaunded Peter de Cugna to take care for the defence thereof being resolute not to enter himselfe and hauing called to Councell the Gentlemen that were present they resolued to send with speed to Anthony Diego de Sosa and Frauncis de Meneses entreating him not to enter into Lisbone nor to call himselfe King but onely Protector being a name more fit for all occasions that might happen And although they went with this commission yet many aduised Teglio that notwithstanding all these demonstrations he should not hinder the course of the Priors good fortune so as wauering in his opinions not resoluing in any thing he was cause that the souldiers or peasants that were raised about the citie hauing neither order nor commission from the Gouernors knew not what to do whether to accompanie the Prior or hinder his entrie for that Emanuel of Portugal who had proiected to make the Prior King laboured to preuent all their resolutions and hauing resolued he purposely made their executions vaine Peter de Cugna saide that if Iohn Teglio woulde not oppose himselfe in person that he woulde not accomplish it being his inferior whereunto Teglio replied that it was the captaines dutie either of them excusing themselues vpon the other both with seuerall intents The Prior drew neere to Lisbone but he was in danger neuer to come there for neere to Sacaben which is sixe miles from the citie staying in the fielde to speake with Frauncis de Almeda his friende there was a Harquebuse discharged at him wherewith Frauncis was slaine and no man able to discouer from whence it came they supposed it was intended against the Prior himselfe Soone after he arriued at the citie with a small troupe especially of the Nobilitie hauing fewe other with him but Diego de Sosa and Frauncis de Meneses and therefore they suffred him freely to enter being of al those that mette him proclaimed king There were fewe at that time within the citie both by reason of the plague and for that many helde not themselues in safetie seeing the realme in diuision on the one side the Catholique king entred with a mightie armie on the other side were the Gouernors in a manner conformeable to the saide King lastly was the Prior being poore alone ill aduised made King by a handfull of the base people So as there was not any of the Iustice or Nobilitie that went to visite him and of the superior magistrates there was but one Vereador to be founde the rest being hidden Notwithstanding he went to the pallace vpon the riuer wherof he tooke peaceable possession as also of the Arcynal and storehouse of armes he created a newe purueior and newe officers of Iustice and newe Vereadors supplying all other offices that were voide From thence he went to the Towne-house to be proclaimed King with ordinarie ceremonies all the principall of the citie being assembled to whom Emanuel Fonsequa Nobrega a doctor of a bolde spirite spake in this manner I see grauen in your countenances the ioy and content which is conceiued in your harts hauing attained to this so happie a daie wherein you sweare him king whom you so much desire I account all words friuolous to animate you thereunto I may speake vnto you with courage for that your desires exceede my eloquence I know that euery small delay doth not onely grieue you but also greatly displease you that any other shoulde effect that first which you haue so much wished and which was fitte you shoulde haue done seeing that from this citie as principall the rest of the realme shoulde take their lawe But be as ioyfull and willing to this acte as you please be my wordes neuer so superfluous yet encouraged by dutie and loue I must briefely deliuer vnto you my aduise I will not make any particular repetition of his afflictions nor with what iudgement he hath surmounted them being infinite and the time shorte Let it suffice you to vnderstande as you doe that by a fatall destinie he hath alwaies encountred against the proud arrogancie of this world For as vertues be by reason of our sinnes most commonly hatefull to princes in this age and vices cherished as vertuous and nobly minded he hath alwaies beene hated and oppressed So as sometimes tearming him a bastard somtimes preferring those whom he shoulde precead they laboured by all meanes to blemish that glory that did shine in him I will lay aside the disgraces he suffred with king Sebastian at his departure for Affricke which others woulde haue taken for an excuse to staie yet acquainted with the frownes of fortune although he did iudicially foresee that he went to his ruine he chose rather with so great danger of his person following the rashnes of an other to remaine a slaue vnto the Moores then to blemish his honour with any reproch how small soeuer He remained prisoner as he had foreseene in that vnhappie day King Sebastian his nephew died before whom many other princes all heires to the crowne were deceased there remained none but Cardinall Henry who for the ripenes of his age and indisposition of his body was thought to be of short life so as the realme was in a manner without heire But the King of kings although he seemeth sometimes slacke yet doth he equally weigh and execute al things prouiding so that whilest king Henry enioied the realme in those fewe daies of his life which remained he miraculouslie deliuered from the hands of the Moores him whom he intended shoulde be our true king I say miraculouslie for in truth it seemed impossible that mans wisedome coulde deliuer him as it followed for that according to the custome of those infidels he being a prince he shoulde haue beene presented to their prince and there kept in perpetuall prison or at the least redeemed for the exchange of cities and fortresses or for some great summe of money yet see if this were not a miracle in short time he was deliuered and without raunsome He returned into the realme where fortune not yet wearie of him crossed him with a thousand afflictions all which he hath ouercome and surmounted by his vertues behold him now heere and although he seeme to be inuironed more then euer with enimies yet doth he relie vpon your valour and I in his wisedome that he will vanquish all things Reioice then that he doth accept of this scepter against his competitors for the loue of you doth more encourage him thereunto then the desire of
rule offring to entreat you perpetuallie not as a King but as a father and brother to you all Whom doe you esteeme him to be to whome this day we giue the empire ouer vs It is the true stocke the lawfull line and the onely plant which remaines of our Kings he is nephew to king Emanuel of famous memorie borne of Lewes his sonne the greatest and firmest pillars that euer Portugall had to him these realmes appertaine by right but if it were not so as it cannot be otherwise yet shoulde we flying the rest cast our selues into his bosome for by that meanes we should haue assured libertie and by the rest a most certaine bondage and tirannie At the end of this speech there was great reioicing and all cried out a King deliuering into his hands the standerd of the citie Emanuel Fonseca pronounced from the windowes these words as they were accustomed to doe Reale Reale for don Anthony king of Portugall the which was accepted by the people with great ioy And hauing made declaration in writing of this acte the Prior returned to the pallace where soone after taking the ordinarie oath to obserue the priuileges and liberties of the realme and all that other princes were woont to doe he dispatched his messengers with letters to all other cities and places commaunding them to sende vnto him to yeelde their obedience He made many offers to the Duke of Bragance and to the Marques of Villa Reale entreating all other Noblemen to come vnto him to consult of matters concerning the realme But the Duke perswaded likewise by the Deputies of the realme to compound with Anthony woulde not do it the Marques went not and fewe others did acknowledge him But Teglio seeing the Prior now become king without his helpe making she we to go from Belem where he remained to Lisbone to kisse his hands and hauing agreed with Diego Lopez de Sequeira captaine of three galleyes that were in the riuer he imbarked himselfe in one of them with the Bishop of Leiria Anthony de Castro Lord of Cascaies Martin Gonzales de Camera Emanuel Teles Barretto Frauncis de Meneses Lewes Caesar purueior of the Arcynal with some others carying with them fortie or fiftie thousand duckats in golde which he had caused to be brought from the minte at Lisbone vsurping them from Iaques de Bard a Florentine merchant who was the owner And in his departure whē most men beleeued they should go to the citie they tooke their course towards the sea and went to Settuual where the rest of the Gouernours remained yet two of the three galleis disobeying their captaines woulde not followe the foremost but went to the citie Teglio being arriued with his galleis at the mouth of the forte of Settuual the guard of the towne woulde not suffer him to enter but kept him off with their cannon being disimbarked a little on the one side he went by land towards the Gouernors to discharge himselfe but he was not receiued nor acknowledged of them as a companion who both in their writings and their speeches with him vsed him as a priuate Gentleman and not as a Gouernour for punishment of that which he had done at Belem and at Anthony his entrie at Lisbone And this was the only thing wherein the Gouernors shewed their authoritie for in all other things they discouered their feare and inconstancie The Prior seeing these men whereof he helde some of them to be his confident friendes to flie to carrie away the money and to ioine themselues with the Gouernors his aduersaries who began to fortifie Settuual discouered plainly that they had intelligence with the Catholique King that they woulde entertaine themselues in that place vntill the galleis of Italy which they vnderstood had beene trimmed at Saint Marie Porte shoulde arriue in those quarters to giue them entrie at Settuual whereby might ensue his ruine for that the Catholique King entring there with a great armie the citie of Lisbone shoulde be in a manner besieged and therefore hauing first imprisoned some that were suspected vnto him and demaunded money in loane from the merchants he resolued with what speed he could to recouer this place either by loue or force induced to make this haste by the proceeding of Tristan Vaz de Vega captaine of the fortresse of Saint Iulian at the mouth of Tagus to whom hauing written he made answere that he coulde not consigne him the castell nor hold it in his name alleaging that he had taken an oath not to deliuer it but to such as had put it into his hands which were the Gouernors so as Anthony reseruing this for a second enterprise hauing hastily and by force assembled the peasants about the citie the artisans slaues and other people gathered togither which in all came not to fifteene hundreth he transported them to the other side of the riuer but before he himselfe would passe he sent Frauncis of Portugal Count of Vimioso to Settuual to treate with the Gouernors and to perswade them to yeelde to his obedience to whom he did likewise write that they shoulde not dishonour and vndoe themselues seeking rather to giue the crowne to a stranger then to him who was their countreyman that they should come vnto him and he would freely forgiue all things But the Gouernors trusted neither to this letter nor to the wordes of the Earle being greatly bounde to the Catholique King whereof some of them as fauorites to king Henry had assisted to the sentences that had beene pronounced against him Therefore consulting with the Embassadors of the Catholique King they resolued to defend themselues vntill the comming of the kings armie the which they expected howerly But this practise succeeded not for the windes were still so contrarie that the galleis coulde not arriue the which the Duke of Bragance considering he woulde not attend but departed The Counte of Vimioso desirous to expell them from thence hauing incensed the people to sedition aided by the guard of Halberdiers of the court he tooke armes and became master of the Porte many ranne armed to the Gouernors lodging threatning with iniurious words to kill them wherewith being feared and amazed not onely the Gouernors but likewise the Embassadors of the Catholique King and all the Nobilitie of the citie which followed Philips faction some fledde secretly out at the windowes some by sea some by land except the Archbishop of Lisbone and Iohn Teglio who onely remained the one trusting in his calling the other in the workes which he had formerly done in fauour of the Prior and in his kinsemen The Embassadors retired themselues the next day into Castill This act in truth was full of compassion for although the Gouernors for their irresolutions and priuate interests deserued punishment yet mens harts were mooued to see these graue olde men in whom not two howres before the roiall authoritie remained fastned to ropes creepe out at windowes to auoide the furie of a
yoong licentious man who had mutined the people and the guard it selfe against them Such of the Nobilitie as abandoning their houses in those partes retired themselues were Fernand de Norogna Peeter de Meneses Edward de Castelbianco Diego Lopez de Sequeira Anthony de Castelbianco Lewes Caesar and some others Anthony hauing aduertisement of their departure passed the riuer and went thither Where he was receiued vnder a cannapie with signes of great ioy hauing giuen order to the fortification guard of that place as it seemed necessarie he returned to Lisbone against the aduise of som who persuaded him to assemble his forces to resist the enimie not to repasse Tagus But he did it not saying he woulde returne presently fearefull as many supposed and not holding himselfe assured on that side the riuer Cascaies and the fortresse of Saint Iulian did not yet obey him yet vnderstanding that Anthony was possessed of Settuual the wife of Anthony de Castro went from Cascaies after whose departure the citie yeelded and the captaine of the fortresse of Saint Iulian being written vnto by Anthony that he woulde giue him fower thousand duckats a yeere rent made answere that seeing the Gouernors had abandoned the realme and that he was proclaimed king he would hold it at his deuotion By reason whereof Bastien de Britto who serued as sergeant maior of the citie of Lisbone in the place of Peter de Cugna turned head who with certaine men gathered togither went by the commaundement of Anthony to encampe about this fortresse so as all places of importance about Lisbone remained at his obedience So did all others in those parts except the citie of Porto which obeied not yet The Duke of Bragance hauing foreseene the sedition which was practised at Settuual being departed as it is saide a little before the Gouernors flight and gone to Portel a place belonging vnto himselfe neere the frontiers of the realme towards Castill seeing iustice reduced to armes and himselfe disarmed he thought it nowe high time to treate with the Catholique King He sent therefore a Gentleman to represent vnto him howe peaceablie he had alwaies caried himselfe in the persuite of Iustice for Katherine his wife that he had neuer troubled the publike quiet nor in any thing surpassed the ordinarie tearmes of Iustice and reason and if he had not compounded with him the cause was for that he vnderstood his reasons were great neither had he meanes to do it by reason of the people who woulde haue withstoode him Notwithstanding he was nowe resolute if his Maiestie woulde make him a good composition to yeelde vnto him all the rights of the saide Katherine and that being agreed he woulde publikely sende one to treate with him He alleaged that his subiects being the thirde part of the realme he coulde make easie or greatly hinder the enterprise He saide that the Deputies of the realme had made offer vnto him that they would procure Anthony to leaue the title of King and vnite himselfe with him for the defence of the crowne and that in the end they should agree And that the said Anthony had sent to make great offers vnto him the which he woulde not accept not seeming reasonable vnto him He requested his Maiestie to commaund the armie not to endomage his countrey Heerein he spake truth for although he were a quiet and religious man yet the Philipins saide that although he had beene otherwise the King had no cause to feare his forces for albeit he had many subiects yet were they not all obedient vnto him That the Nobilitie abhorred his rule more then any other and that some of his kinsemen did him more hurt then good by reason of the emulation amongst the Nobilitie He relied much on the equitie of his cause yet feared he to bee forced by the kings power which he saw prepared supposing he would not receiue iudgement in the cause from any man This feare had induced him to write to all the great Potentates in Christendome shewing his reasons and demaunding succours The like office had he done with some Cardinals at Rome He had sent into Fraunce diuers copies of his allegations to the end they might be dispersed into England and other places making great instance to the two Queenes to succour him with mony munition captaines But his weakenes being knowne to both although hee gaue them to vnderstande he went to ioine with the Gouernors in defence they returned him nothing but curteous words And some say that not content to vse this diligence to such as were enuious of the kings good he did likewise write to his enimies and rebels desiring to treat with the Prince of Orange and the Duke of Alançon These things caused him more losse then profite as it happens commonly to those that will contend with mightie Princes and builde their foundations vpon the succours of their enimies ill willers who wil not commonly declare themselues except their companion be strong Heereupon it grewe that the King returned to the saide propositions so ample and artificiall an answere for as it was reported some of his letters had beene surprised by the Agents of the Catholique king and some other especially those he had written to Rome were sent to the King by them to whom he had written them He answered that he reioiced that in time he had auoided the sedition at Settuual being troubled with the danger and indignitie he might haue suffred That he knewe it to be true that in the persuite of the right of Katherine he had carried himselfe with due modestie but by refusing to agree with him were growne the inconueniences wherein now they were the which he would gladly they should rather haue foreseen then haue made triall of with so great disquietnes and dishonor vnto themselues for the which he was sory in regarde of the neerenes of bloud and affection he bare vnto the said Katherine That his offer to yeelde him his right was acceptable vnto him but he woulde haue them to vnderstand that there was no necessity to adde new actions to those which God had giuen him apparant to all the worlde That he had then wished for two reasons they coulde haue accepted of his liberalitie in recompence of their pretention The first was that he hoped by this meanes he shoulde not haue beene forced to enter armed into the realme and to make warre vpon his owne subiects which is one of the things that doth most trouble him But that good which might haue beene reaped by composition was nowe extinct by their slacknes seeing that his armie was alreadie entred the realme The second reason was the desire to encrease and prosper his house to do good to his children to auoide the ruine of the estate and the hazard to ouerthrow it whereof there was yet some remedie for being so desirous of his good that onely was sufficient to mooue him to doe them good He said
of her soule For notwithstanding he were greatly bound vnto her yet he tooke them conuerted them to his own vse They gaue libertie to religious men to arme themselues imploying them in militarie charges to the scandall of the people and all good and religious men and without any fruite Many of the better sort remembring the time past and that wherein king Sebastian raigned blamed themselues for then they complained of the arrogancie of his fauorites who they saide had neuer done any harme They blessed king Henrie saying that although he knew not in the small time of his raigne how to gouerne himselfe as hee ought yet did hee neuer erre in will or suffred himselfe to be so easily seduced by any to the hurt of another They cursed the Gouernors who had beene so slowe to resigne the gouernment concluding that rashnes had raigned with Sebastian irresolute arrogancie with Henry confusion with the Gouernors and iniustice with Anthony Some excused this last with weake reasons saying there was nothing done amisse by his commandement being curteous wel enclined but that the greedy couetousnes of many of his followers caused this excesse who hauing long suffred whilest he was persecuted cōming now to rule they satisfied thēselues making things vnlawful tolerable that the Prior durst not deny their demaunds nor punish the offenders both for that the time was vnfit as also to auoid the name of vnthankfull in punishing such as had aided and succoured him when he was abandoned of all the world for the seuere sentences of King Henry THE SIXTH BOOKE The Contents of the sixth Booke The conquest the Catholique King made of Settuual and of the fortresse The arriuall of his sea-armie there The thoughts of Anthonie The voiage of Cardinal Riario into Spaine The passage of the armie from Settuuall to Cascayes And the retraite of Diego de Meneses with his Portugall soldiers The confusion of things in the citie of Lisbone The taking of Cascayes and of the Castell The death of Diego de Meneses Anthony Marcheth with his troupes to Belem to Alcantara Apardon sent by king Philip vnto the Portugals to draw them vnto him The treaties of Pacification The deliuerie of the rocke of Saint Iulian and of the fort Of Cabesa Secca being abandoned the taking of the towre of Belem THe Duke of Alua drew by small iourneies neere vnto Settuual with his armie marching with small order and without feare as they are accustomed to do in their friends countrey But approching neere calling the chiefe commaunders he saide vnto them That although they had hitherto neglected all militarie discipline being so farre distant from their enimies now approching neere vnto them they ought not to contemne them chieflie hauing Settuual so neere a citie of importance wherein it was likely there was a great garrison and therefore that euery one heereafter shoulde carefully doe his dutie lodging his campe within the gardens on the north side He presently sent a trumpet to signifie vnto them of the towne that he was come in the name of the Catholique king to take possession thereof as his owne that they shoulde open him the gates threatning them if they did otherwise with all the miseries that did followe warre offring both to the inhabitants and to the souldiers to leaue their persons and goodes free if they would obey Those within irresolute and deuided demaunded time to aduise And for that we doe vsually regard our owne priuate profite more then any otherthing the Citizens viewing from the wals the soldiers to cut their vines and spoile their banks of salt whereof there is great aboundance in that place would presently haue yeelded vpon any cōdition The marriners some few soldiers made a cold shew of resistance Yet Frauncis Mascaregnas who was captaine of the city Diego Boteglio the yonger who commaunded the soldiers hauing well considered the weakenes of the wals and fearing the enimie neere whom they little regarded a farre off were more enclined to yeeld then to anie thing else neither did it behoue him to linger long vpō this resolutiō For Lewes Douara had practised with a Frenchman who was captaine of a cōpanie within the citie to deliuer him in the night the gate which he had in guard the which he had performed but the citizens being formerly resolued sent Simon de Miranda vnto the Duke to offer him obedience but he could not execute his Embassage for the soldiers of the citie who were priuie to the resolution of the commaunders being issued foorth to go to Lisbone they found the said Simon without the gates saying that he had betraied them they led him by force to Anthony who kept him in prison notwithstanding presently after the soldiers of the armie were brought in without condition or order It is true that in this time the Duke had planted his cannon was resolued to batter it for a punishment of the slack resolution of the inhabitāts to yeeld their suburbs were spoiled so as we may well say that one of the most important cities of the realme was taken by threatnings neither did the wars seeme yet to haue any beginning The Portugal soldiers as I said departed free only Diego Boteglio not trusting to the Duke or seeming to be one of those that had actually serued Anthony would haue fled secretly by sea but he was taken kept prisoner The towre which keepes the entry of the Port remained yet in the hands of the Portugals The which for that it was a place of hard accesse vneasie to bring the cānon to it although it were small and weake yet was it held by the Portugals to be strōg the rather being backed towards the sea with three gallions armed which had beene sent from Lisbone vnder the commaund of Ignace Rodrighez Voloso And although it were manned with few soldiers yet had it no need of any great number not being capable of many It was well furnished with Cannoniers sufficient artillerie and a captaine who amongst the Portugals was counted valiant They attended at Settuual the armie at sea with great deuotion For besides that the short season for galleies to liue in that sea began to weare away if they had made any longer stay the armie at land had presently fallen into great want of victuals and munition For this reason the Duke desired to make himselfe with all speede master of the fortresse therefore he greatly entreated Mendo de la Mota for so the captaine was called to consigne it vnto him the which he refusing the Duke added some promises in the Kings name but they preuailed not And for that Aluaro de Bassan Marques of S. Crux captaine of the said Catholique armie by sea being departed from S. Marie Porte hauing run all the coast of Algarues and reduced many cities of that countrey to the kings obedience was now arriued in this sea with threescore galleis and some round vessels to
a weake voice and small assemblie of people And as in the proclaiming of other kings there appeered nothing but feasts and ioy here was nothing to be seene but secret sighes and hidden sorrow with flatterie The Dukes armie was lodged vntill the tenth of September betwixt the citie and Alcantara at the same lodging where the Portugals had lodged without any resolution what to doe still expecting some newes of the Prior. At which time there grew as a companion to warre not onely in the campe but likewise in the citie a contagious infirmitie of Catarre so dangerous that it did no lesse harme then the pestilent contagion few were free from this disease and many of them died especially of the soldiers for that to a new disease ordinarie remedies helpe little Anthonie soone after arriued at Saint Arem where the magistrate of that place being the selfesame who a little before with so great ioy had proclaimed him king would not giue him entrie so are mens mindes turned with fortune yet hauing promised to depart presently they suffered him to enter vpon that condition and the day following he went towards Coimbra Soone after the citie of Saint Arem sent to yeelde their obedience and whilest they expected that Coimbra should doe the like they had newes that the Prior was there that he fortified himselfe in those partes that he repaired Mount Maior the olde and brake the bridge vpon the riuer of Doro And although there were no doubt that he could assemble men sufficient to terrifie the Duke yet hereby they vnderstood that the warre was not ended and that they could not dismisse any part of the armie which they had resolued to send backe with the galleies of Italie so as by a little stay they lost the season of sailing in that sea with their galleies but for that the countrey is not fruitfull and that victuals grew very deere within the citie they lodged the Germaines at Settuuall resoluing to send the Italians to Saint Arem But hauing the newes confirmed that the Prior assembled forces the Duke woulde not separate his troupes so farre from him but lodged the Italians and Spanyards in the suburbs of the citie which place had beene spoiled to defende them from the daily raine which began to fall At this time the Prior with his traine tormented the inhabitants of the prouince betwixt Doro and Mignio assembling men of warre by force and for that many doubting sinister euents feared that in sauing of him they should preiudice themselues he forced obedience vpon greeuous paines which he imposed vpon such as followed him not So as some for feare of their persons others of their goodes came vnto him yet were there others who of their naturall inclination would not leaue him vntill death In this sort he gathered together fower or fiue thousand men with the which he held the citie of Coimbra in awe so as it could not yeelde to the Catholique king Hee went with them to Auero where hauing found some resistance he vsed his greatest force For hauing with some small peeces of artillerie battered the wals he gaue a confused assault but profiting little his friends within did so weaken the defence by words and force that the Priors men entred The succours which Pantaleon de Sada brought from Porto comming too late There he imprisoned diuers persons he slew spoiled and ruined all he could By these actes which seemed vnto them most glorious his peasantlie soldiers were growne to that arrogancie that armed with hookes and staues they threatned to goe to Lisbone to free the realme from the hands of the Castillians And this foolish presumption was not a little furthered with the newes that Anthonie had of the kings sicknesse whome they gaue out to be dead being attired all in blacke the better to perswade them The Duke was well aduertised of all these things finding still more plainly of what importance the flight of Anthonie was There wanted not some that charged him to haue forborne too long in sending men after him yet hauing care to assure that which did more import he would not deuide his forces vntill he did see an end of the kings infirmitie who hauing long laboured in the extremities of death he began with an vniuersall ioy to recouer and encreasing daily the signes of health he grewe well wherewith feare which troubled the mindes of men being taken away they began to talke againe of the victorie and of the Dukes actions But this commendation which was attributed vnto him as it hapneth in all worldly actions continued little and rarely shall you finde so apparant an example of the inconstancie of the people and the force of enuie as this was for sodainly his praises were turned into murmurings and open slaunders searching so many reasons to deface the Dukes merits as two daies before they had alleaged to extoll his actions The Dukes reprehensions grew from the proper ministers of this warre or from such as followed the enterprise who offended with him for the diuersitie of their opinions or for their own priuate practises or else as some would haue it desirous to creepe into the kings fauour by like reports did write that the sacke had beene very great and freely suffred for three daies whereunto they woulde attribute the Portugals disobedience and their discontentment against the Castillians labouring to prooue that if the Duke had pleased by his authoritie hee might haue staied it but being partaker with his kinsemen who were more imploied to spoile then to fight of a good part of the bootie hee did tolerate it leauing outrages and thefts vnpunished although complaints were made vnto him That the termes of conquest taking of cities and route of armie were vaine and vnproper seeing that in no place they had founde any resistance and that this multitude of Portugals as simple people deceiued by their priests in confessions and preachings could not be termed an armie nor their route called a victorie And so blinde is enuie that two armies encountring with many peeces of great artillerie fighting on the one side for the passage of a bridge on the other side in their trenches the Portugals foote and horse broken the enimie put to flight the standard roiall taken with many other coulors and aboue a thousand men slaine and yet they woulde not haue this a battaile Some which did charge him with negligence saide that seeing hee had an intention to dislodge this armie after he had attempted the bridge the trenches he should haue stretched foorth his horsemen further on the left hande to cut off the enimies way and to take him prisoner if he woulde flie but to keepe himselfe so farre off as he coulde not ouertake him was an vnexcusable faulte in so great a captaine Others saide that it was not credible but he shoulde haue taken him if hee had pleased to place his horse in a conuenient place for that purpose which euerie
carried with him vppon carts some small boates to cast into the riuer the which although they were fewe in number yet did hee meane to runne alongst the shoare and to take others but the ioints thereof were so shaken and open with the waie and carriages that hardly could they serue Hauing therefore passed the monasterie of Griso towardes the riuer hee sent to the shoare to search for other boates but hee founde not any for besides the Priors commaundement that no barke should passe from the right shoare three or fower being armed scowred the riuer vp and downe to hinder their passage whereupon he sent with great expedition as well to places neere as a farre off to search for some whereof he failed not for although there were none neere the citie yet in places further off vp the riuer where the Portugals supposed the Castillians would not come they founde and tooke many whereunto ioyning those of Massarellos a place vpon the left banke the inhabitants whereof discontented against the Prior who had burned their houses for not duly obeying his commandement were fled with their wiues and boates vnto the Castillians campe It did also some what helpe that Anthonie Serrano one of the captaines which Auila had sent to discouer hauing runne almost to the mouth of the riuer and not found any discouering one whereunto he durst not approch putting his men in Ambuscado stripping himselfe halfe naked seeming to haue been robbed by the Castillians and calling the water men to him by the voice of a Portugall spie which he had with him he caused the boate to draw neere and being entred into it he discharged a pistoll which was hidden vnder him by meanes whereof he did not onely amaze the marriners but gaue signe vnto the ambush which discouering itselfe the boate was presently taken with two or three others although but small ones that were thereabouts so as all togither made fiue and thirtie with the which he supposed to passe a good part of his armie Sanches d' Auila desired much to hasten his passage supposing that he had men sufficient but this resolution was helde rash by the captaines that were about him seeming vneasie to passe with boates any where but at Pietra Salata where lieth the ordinary passage the which was fortified for in other places the steepenesse of the banks would not suffer it so as they could not deceiue the enimie as they doe commonly making shew to passe in one place and goe to another They obiected there were few barks and ill prouided with marriners and although they would containe a great part of the footemen yet could they not hold the horse the which they must leaue behinde them which was not thought conuenient forasmuch as on the other side they did not onely see the place of their disimbarkment fortified with artillerie and rampiers but also the banks replenished with foote and good store of horsemen so as it seemed they coulde not attempt this passage without great losse saying that it was better to seeke meanes to prouide victuals and to behaue themselues more discreetly vpon the passage seeing that their safetie was of more importance to the king then their speede Sanches d' Auila waighed well all these inconueniences yet two things pressed him greatly to passe the one was want of victuals and the difficultie to recouer them the which encreased daily the other was to vnderstand that Edward de Lemos Martin Lopez d' Azeuedo and Anthony de Sousa Coutigno who followed the Prior in this prouince had assembled men to come to his succour the execution whereof they sought to impeach adding to this the smal account he held of the Portugals by his experience informer actions resolued in any sort to passe for this cause hee approched with his armie neer the riuer where the Portugals hauing fortified themselues within a forte which is aboue the citie of Gaija hee thought it should be necessarie to batter it and there to make some stay But it fell out more easie then he expected for hauing sent Peter de Soto the elder with some horse to discouer it they within hauing once discharged their harguebuses against the horsemen abandoned the forte and retired to the citie so as remaining no defence on that side he deuised by what meanes he shoulde passe with the least losse He himselfe ranne vp against the streame to see if he coulde discouer any other passage but finding all rough and steepe he saw no other place conuenient but Auintes two miles from the campe where although vneasily both on the one and the other banke they might imbarke and descend There he resolued to passe for this cause being returned to his lodging he published his intent but some of the armie being of a contrarie opinion hauing assembled them all together he said vnto them It will seeme strange vnto you that I haue resolued to morrow to passe this riuer with the whole armie supposing it may be that it is vneasie and dangerous for the season being vnfit the banks steepe the enimie vpon the other side armed and fortified shoulde make you doubt the victorie especially being in greater number then we are But for as much as where the feare is least danger I would let you see that there is no cause to feare any perill but an assurance of honour and profite These doubtes if you haue any before your eies be all vaine for the season doth not offend vs seeing that the waues are calme the banks giue vs sufficient roome and our enimies fortifications are as weake as their resistance hath been hitherto Remember that comming from Settuuall with the galleyes you descended at Cascayes where the same enimies vnder the most famous Captaine of Portugal had their armie yet they neither hindred our landing or scarce endured our sight for in a manner without seeing vs they did abandon the most important place of the realme Call to minde that all Portugall being assembled with their counterfeitking lodged at Alcantara a place by nature most strong furnished with artillerie and other armes in their presence we battered the rocke of Saint Iulian and forced it to yeelde not daring once to succour it or issue foorth to any small skirmish and thinke you that the weakest part of this armie and the most timerous being retired on the other side of this riuer shall make a greater resistance then it did vnited In this action we ought to striue for two things the kings seruice and our owne honours and reputations the which fortune seemes to frame as is most conuenient for vs For if the enimies we haue in fronte were so lodged that there remained no let betwixt vs we should doe the king small seruice and winne our selues little honour by the conquest but our good fortune will haue it so to the ende our praise may be the greater that Anthonie had taken as a buckler against vs this riuer and these bankes and that
with him This letter in some sort pleased the Marques being in hope to come to agreement to remaine an absolute cōquerour without effusion of more bloud before the sea shoulde grow more rough But this demaund seemed vnto him vnreasonable refusing to heare talke of any Portugals to be transported into Fraūce Amongst the principal of the armie there were diuers opinions what should be done Some would presently haue marched against the French men to winne time charge them without any further accord or condition what soeuer Others discoursed with greater iudgemēt saying that it was conuenient to make an agreement with the French both for the shortnes of the time they coulde staie there as for the difficultie they shoulde finde to goe vnto them for they made an account to spende fiue daies in that enterprise two in their march one at the least in conquering and two in retiring and that they had no commoditie in the armie to carrie victuals by land for aboue two daies wanting waggons bottles and such other necessaries But these difficulties were surmou nted by the courage of the soldiers who growen proud could not endure that so small a handful of French being so neere shoulde make shewe to defende themselues against so great a number of old soldiers and conquerors whereupon they did offer to endure all discommodities to go vnto them And although he were not resolued to do so yet this Brauado caused the enimies to haue straighter conditions then otherwise possibly they had had the which after long treatie was thus concluded That the French shoulde deliuer vp their armes and ensignes retaining onely their swordes that they shoulde bee lodged in a quarter of the towne that they shoulde giue them shippes and victuals to returne into Fraunce The accorde was no sooner made but it was put in execution for the thirde of August the French came from the mountaine and without the citie deliuered vp their armes with eighteene ensignes their drums and phifes as it had beene agreed and entred disarmed into the citie passing thorough the Marquesses troupes which were armed and in guard where the commaunder Chattes with the Lorde of Carrauaca marshall of the field and other principall officers did visite the Marques by whom they were kindly enterteined In this time the galleies and other vessels were arriued at Faiall with the men that Peter de Toledo carried and passing with them Gonçalo Perera a Portugall who had wife and children in this Iland the saide Peter thought it good to send him before as a trumpet to entreat the people to yeeld supposing that being of that conntrey he shoulde haue credite amongst them to let them vnderstand the Kings forces and the dangers that approched to the ende they might the more easilie yeelde obedience But Anthony Guedez de Sosa who was captaine of this Iland neither respecting the messenger nor the reasons which he deliuered nor yet regarding the example of his stronger neighbors hauing outraged him both in worde and deed in the ende he slewe him as if in giuing him this notice he had touched him in his honour Peter de Toledo seeing the messenger not returne surmising what had hapned resolued to disimbarke his men and finding the Iland not so rockie and lesse fortified then the Terceres the second of August he landed his men almost without resistance and marching against the towne he was encountred by fower hundreth French and many Portugals where the skirmish began the which encreasing the French and Portugals were faine to retire into a small castel whereinto they had drawen the greatest parte of their artillerie and munition where after they yeelded in the same manner as those at the Terceres had done and Sosa suffered the punishment of his inhumanitie being hanged by one arme after his hands were cut off It is strange to see the confidence of these men the which nothing terrified by examples did induce them to cruell excesse and yet did not force them to fight it out vnto death but the Portugals vnexperienced do not account of dangers they see not and when they see them they feare them more then they are to bee feared There was no more to be done in this iland so as hauing spoiled it leauing Anthony of Portugall for Gouernour with two hundreth soldiers Peter de Toledo returned with his galleies and other ships to the Terceres where the rest of the Ilands of Saint George Pico and Gratiosa came to yeeld their obedience The Marques hauing agreed with the French caused a diligent search to be made for Emanuel de Silua who intituled himselfe counte of Torres Vedras Gouernour and Generall of the Ilands but being retired to Altary and finding that such as had the charge of certaine boates in whom fortune had more force then loialtie had broken them against the rockes hee founde all hope vaine for his safetie hauing no meanes to free himselfe by the French composition being attired in a base habite hee hidde himselfe in the mountaines But it seemed the heauens had decreed he should suffer punishment for his offences by the hands of his enimies for that a moorish slaue who hoped by that meanes to saue himselfe discouered him to a Prouost marshall who seeing him before his eies knewe not what he was so as hauing taken and brought him to the citie he was kept with some other of the principall rebels and seditious vntill the processe of their death were made by the auditour in the name of the King and the Marques as generall of the armie specifying all their faults that were executed vpon the prisoners The Germaines first put themselues in battaile in the chiefest part of Angra keeping the entrie of euery streete and there causing a fire to be made they did burne all the money they founde to be stamped with the coine of Anthony the which although it was not little in quantitie yet was it nothing woorth being for the most part of base mettall with small mixture of siluer After they cutte off Emanuel de Silua his head with a sworde after the Germaine fashion to the generall griefe of all the assistants For being of a louely countenance and hauing in this last houre with great resolution confessed himselfe culpable and to haue deserued this punishment hee demaunded pardon of one after another of all such as present or absent he thought to haue wronged saying that he alone had bin the cause of the miserie of this Iland that he alone ought to suffer the punishment the which ioined to the contrition he shewed did mooue the harts euen of his enimies And in truth we may well saie that he framed himselfe to the speech of Dionysius the tyrant that to leaue a tyrannie they must not ride poast but staie vntill they be forced for in truth he attended vntill hee lost his head His head was set vp publikely in that place from the which that of Melchior Alphonso
the rocke of Saint Iulian 202. his answere to Anthonie 205. his speech to his souldiers 212. the order of his armie ibid. blamed for slacknes 218. his prayses 220. blamed and his excuses 223. his souldiers complaine 245. his death with his prayse and dispraise 300 E EDward de Castro beheaded by Anthonie 292 Eluas taken 155 Emanuel de Silua staies at the Terceres 298. his carriage there 307. his flight hindred 318. taken and executed with others 323 Empresse Marie comes to Lisbone 271 Estates at Almerin 109. begon by the Bishop of Leiria 110 Estate of Fraunce and Flaunders 265 Euora yeelded 175 F FActions in Oliuenza 161 Feare in the citie of Lisbone 207 Flight of Teglio 167 Figueroa arriues at the Terceres and returnes to Lisbone 263 Fonsequa his speech for the creation of Anthonie 165 Fortresse of Settuuall yeelded 184 Francis de Tauora slaine in the battaile pag. 48 Francis de Melo Earle of Tentuguell writes to king Sebastian 18 Francis Barretto sent by the Portugals to the French king for succors 139 Francis de Valois Duke of Alanson enimy to king Philip and why 266. sworne Duke of Brabant 268. seeks to be master of Antwerpe but in vaine 305 Francis de Villafagna Auditor of the Councell of state sent to Lisbone by king Philip 244 French armie arriues at S. Michaels 280. their first encounter 282. they disagree 288. they are beheaded and hanged 295. displeased with their ouerthrowe 299. they spoile the Ilands of Cape Vert 307. they compound with the Spaniards at the Terceres 320. sent to the gallies 324 G GAllies arriue at the Terceres in safetie 312 Generals ship of the French taken by the Spaniards 291 George de Meneses generall at sea imprisoned by Anthonies command pag. 186 Gouernors of Portugal published 99. they prepare for defence 132. their inconstancie 148. they neglect the defence of Lisbone 163. they flie from Settuuall 168. their decree 178 H HAmet proclaimed by the Moores 52. his couetousnes 53 Henry Cardinall called to the crowne of Portugal 55. sworne king 57. his resolution comming to the crowne 64. he fauors the Dutchesse of Bragance 76. he desires to marrie 80. his sentence against the Prior touching his legitimation 87. he changeth his minde in fauour of Philip 97. he falleth sicke and dies 116. his life 117 Henry Pereira hanged 198 Hopes of the French armie at sea with Strozzi 278 Hope of the Spanish court touching their armie at sea 279 I IEan de Betancour affected to Philip pag. 256 Ieron Mendoza treats with Anthonie 260 Iesuits called Apostles in Portugall not able to redresse the corruptions of the Portugals 9. blamed as moters of Sebastians voiage into Africke II. walled vp at the Terceres 243 Iohn de Silua Ambassadour for Philip in Portugall deliuered and returns out of Africke 74. he labours to be sent backe into Portugall 82 Iohn d'Austria gouernoūr of Flaunders for king Philip 23 Iohn d'Azeuedo admirall of Portugall taken prisoner by the Castillians 176 Iland of the Terceres described 313 Iland of Saint Michael described 280 Inhabitants of Fayall kill a trumpetter that was sent vnto them 322. are taken 323 Irishmen demaund succours of the Pope against their Prince 27 L LAwes made betweene Mahumet Cheriffe and Hamet his brother touching the succession of the realme 14 Legate visites the king 192 Leon Henriquez Confessor to Henrie supposed to haue drawne him to fauour Philips title 98 Letters and a present from the Duke of Alua to king Sebastian 38 Lewes Dataide Cont of Toghia sent Viceroie to the Indies by Sebastian 25. obeies king Philip 262 Lisbone chiefe citie of Portugall 3 yeeldes to the Duke of Alua 217 sweares obedience to Philip 221 Lucciali comes to Algier with seuenty gallies 265 M MAgistrate of Lisbone perswades Anthony to compound 208. Mahamet sonne to Abdala kils his vncle 14. is expelled by his vncle Moluc and seekes for succour of Philip and Sebastian 15. disswades Sebastian to go in person into Africk 26. despeares of the victory 36. disswades the battaile 41. is drowned in Mucazen 51. his skinne fleied off 53 Manner of the enterprise of Portugal pag. 132 Marques of Saint Cruz arriues at Settuuall with an armie by sea 183. he imbarkes for the Terceres 277. he resolues to fight with the French and the order of his battaile 285. he defeats them and giueth sentence against the prisoners 294 he landeth some men at the Terceres 316 his skirmish with the French 317. taketh S. Sebastian 319. sends to Faiall 320 Martin Gonsalues sent to the deputies of the realme 118 Messenger sent to Cardinall Henrie from king Philip 55 Meneses blamed and his excuses 195 Mulei Moluc prepares against the Portugals 31. his meanes to defeat them 34. his aduise to the king of Portugal 36. his speech to his brother 38. his armie 39. the ordering thereof 42. his oration to his soldiers 43. his feare and death 47 Mutinie at Coimbra 112 N NAmes of the chiefe men slaine in the bataile of Africke 52 Number of the Christians Moores slaine in the battaile ibid. Number slaine in the battaile at Alcantara 218 Number slaine in the battaile at sea pag. 293 O OFfer made by Moluc to the kings of Spaine and Portugall 31 Oliuenza yeelded to the Catholique king 158 Opinions touching the passage of the riuer of Tagus 192 Order of the Portugals and Moores armie 41 42 Originall of the hatred betwixt the Portugals and Castillians 5 P PArleament at Tomar 248 Peiyoxto sent to Saint Michaels fought with by French ships 276 Peter d'Alcasoua sent ambassadour to Philip 16 punished by Henry and the cause 64 Peter de Medici generall of the Italians 134 Peter Dora Consul of the French sent into Fraunce for Anthonie 178 he remaines there with the money he receiued 188 Peter de Toledo landes at Faiall and spoiles it 322 Philip king of Spaine meetes with Sebastian at Guadalupa 15 perswades him to accept of Molucs offer 20. labors to diuert Sebastian from Africke 24. accepts peace Sebastians bodie 56. claimes the crowne of Portugal 61. writes to the city of Lisbone 72. sendes a Iacobin into Portugall 80. erects a councell for the affaires of Portugal 81. his reasōs against the other pretēdents 81 his reasons for his pretētion 81. he giueth Henry notice of his right 91. he prepares to war against the Portugals 92. his care to assure his conscience for the realme of Portugall 126. his answere to the Portugals 144. he takes possession of the realme 152. his armie is wasted 153. his letters to the inhabitants of Eluas 156. his letters to Anthonie 159. proclaimed at Oliuenza 162. his answer to the Duke of Bragance 171. his pardon to the Portugals 201. he falleth sick 221. he enters into Portugall by Eluas 238. he visits the Dutchesse of Bragance 247. sworne king at Toruas with the prince Diego 248. his entrie into Lisbone 253. his recompence to the Portugals 270. he prepares against the Terceres 273. he
armes in all places and the cause thereof 274. his order in preparing 275. he departs from Portugall 304. his armie departs from Lisbone 312. arriues at the Terceres and their proceeding 314 Plague in Portugall 108 Places fortified by the Portugals 140 Portugals conquests at the Indies 4. they prepare for the warre of Africke 25. their armie landes in Africke and their proceedings 30. the qualitie of their armie 37. their conceite to fight 39. the order of their battaile 40. their aduantage of the Moores 41. their armie at sea returnes to Lisbone 54. their sorrow 56. their ceremonie in bewailing their king dead 58. they pretend election of their king 62. their demands 66. their reasons for the election 84. they complaine of king Henrie 85. their discourse vpon the estate of the realme 101. they answere the Castillians 106. they disagree with them 229. they are discontented 252. they abandon the French 319. their ships are spoiled 320 Pope pretends election 63 Pope Gregorie the xiij his offer to the Catholike king 98. he fauours Anthonie 190 his offer against England 243. seemes content with the successe of Portugall 251 Porto yeelded 236 Preparations at the Terceres 264 Preparations of the French for the Tercerâ—â— 269 Prince of Orange wounded by a Biscaine 269 Pretendants to the crowne of Portugall and their descent 60. cited to declare their reasons 80 Prosper Colonna Colonell of the Italians 134. he passeth the bridge defended by the Portugals 215 Q QVeene mother of France pretends to the crowne of Portugal 62. her reasons for it â—â— shee is discontented with Philip and the cause 67 Question whether the Catholic king should goe in person with his armie 152 Queene Anne died 238 R REason of the Portugals by way of discourse touching their future King 66 Reasons and grounds of king Philip to the realme of Portugal 67. examined by diuines 126 Regencie of the Gouernours 118 Religious men diuided into factions 200. they holde militarie charges 180. and keepe the keies of Lisbon pag. 208 Resolution of Gonsalues charge 119 S SAint Arem yeeldes obedience pag. 222 Sanches d' Auila Marshall generall of the Spanish camp 134. he is sent against Anthonie 227. he passeth the riuer of Doro at Auintes 232 his speech to his soldiers ibid. his stratageme to passe the riuer 234. hee dies 307 Sebastian king of Portugal his life 10. his first voyage into Africke 11. his enteruiew with Philip at Guadalupe 15. hee is perswaded to make war in Africke by Mahamet ibid. lands his armie at Arzille 30. hee fights valiantly and is vanquished 50. he is slaine by the Moores and carried to Molucs tent 51. his funerals at Madril 66. his obsequies with the Princes of Portugall 302 Settuuall taken 182 Summarie of an oration made at the assembly of Estates 77 Sosa Deputie of Lisbon his answere pag. 111 Spaniards discourse vpon the Cardinals legation 191 Spanish souldiers discontented with the sentence giuen against the French prisoners 295. they intreat for them ibid. Spaniards discourse vpon the enterprise of the Terceres 309 Stratagem with oxen diuised by a religious man 257 Stremos taken 175 Strozzi slaine 291 Suburbes of Lisbon spoiled 217 T TErceres 227. the description thereof 239 the resolution of the inhabitants 241. their confusion 272 Testament of King Henrie 123 Thomas Stukley an Englishman with 600. Italians serues King Sebastian pag. 27 Tower of Belem yeelded 210 Tower of Settuuall taken 184 Treatie of accord betwixt King Philip and Anthonie by the meanes of Carcamo a Castillian 204 V VAlour of the Italians and Spaniards 49 Valour of King Sebastian 50 Viana taken 237 Villauisosa surprised 173 Vniuersitie of Coimbra 250 W WOmen at Lisbon arme like souldiers 178 FINIS The description of Lisbone The Portugals conquests * Of good hope * Of good hope The life of king Sebastian Sebastians first voyage into Affrick Sebastians enteruiew with Phillip at Guadalupa Preparation for the war of Affrick Preparation for the second voyage of Affricke The second voyage of Sebastian with his armie into Affricke The arriuing of the Portugall armie in Affrick and their proceedings A light skirmish of the Moores against the Portugals The meanes of Moluc to defeat the Portugals The counsell and resolution of the Portugals to enter into the maine land of Affricke The Counts of Vimioso seconded the des gnes of the King of Portugall The aduise of Lewis de Silua concerning this voyage The counsell of Mulei Mahamet to the King of Portugall The Armie of the Portugals and their quality The arriuall of Aldana in the Portugall campe Letters and a Present from the Duke of Alua to the King of Portugall Molucs speech to his brother The qualitie of Molucs armie The conceit of the Portugall to fight The order of the Portugals armie The disposition of Molucs Armie Molucs Oration to his Armie The beginning of the battell The Portugals haue the aduantage of the Moores Molucs feare Molucs death The Arabians spoile their friends Frauncis de Tauora slain in the battaile The death of the Duke of Auero and of Aldana and the imprisonment of the Prior. The King of Portugall fights valiantly but is vanquished The King slaine by the Moores and carried to Molucs tent Mulei Mahamet drowned Hamet proclaimed king of the Moores A battaile famous by the death of three Kings The names of the chiefe slaine in the battaile The couetousnes of Hamet The Portugals armie at sea returnes to Lisbone A message sent to the Cardinall Henrie by the Catholique king An embasage from Hamet to the Catholique king The Portugals sorrow Cardinall Henrie swerne King of Portugal The ceremonie of the Portugals in bewailing their King dead The ceremonie of the Portugals in swearing their King The descent of the pretendants to the Crowne of Portugall * Of fower Crownes The pretendents to the Crowne of Portugall The King of Spaine The Duke of Bragance The Prince of Parma Anthonie Prior of Crato The Duke of Sauoy The people of Portugall The Queene mother of Fraunce The Pope pretends the election The deliberations of King Henry at his comming to the Crowne Peter d' Alcasoua in disgrace with King Henry Sebastians obsequies at Madrill The discord that fell out for that one said Philip did preceade Henrie The demands of the people of Portugall Councell vpon the Embassage the King sent to Henry The Duke of Ossuna sent to Henrie The imprisonment of the Duke of Alua and the cause Philips letters to the citie of Lisbone The deliuerance and returne of Iohn de Silna Embassador for Philip in Portugall The Duke of Ossuna arriues in Portugall and his proceedings King Henry inclined to the pretence of the Duches of Bragance The States of Portugall at Lisbone A summarie of the Oration made at the assemblie of the estates An Embassador chosen to goe to Rome to obtaine dispensation for Henrie to marrie The nomination of 5. gouernors of the iudges of the succession The oath to obey the elected Gouernours