Selected quad for the lemma: church_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
church_n	antioch_n	apostle_n	elder_n	2,819	5	9.5165	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A48445	Some genuine remains of the late pious and learned John Lightfoot, D.D. consisting of three tracts ... : together with a large preface concerning the author, his learned debates in the assembly of divines, his peculiar opinions, his Christian piety, and the faithful discharge of his ministry.	Lightfoot, John, 1602-1675.	1700 (1700)	Wing L2070; ESTC R12231	207,677	406

Hellenists be they where they would they in the Dispersion used no doubt the Greek It may be supposed Philo himself did not understand Hebrew as is observed by Drusius 3. No Judge might be admitted into the great Sanhedrin unless he had Seventy Tongues that is many Languages 4. The Synagogae Libertinorum Cyreniorum c. Acts vi shew Diversity of Nations And there is as little doubt of Diversity of Languages 5. That in Acts vi there is a plain and evident Distinction of the Hellenists and Hebrews living asunder and severally even in the Time of having all things common 11. Again a great Controversie the Assembly had with the Congregational Men about Paul and Barnabas their coming from the Church at Antioch to the Apostles and Elders at Jerusalem Acts xv to know what was to be done with the Believing Gentiles since certain that came down from Judea thither had taught that it was needful to circumcise the Brethren and to keep Moses's Law in point of Salvation Now by this Application of Paul and Barnabas about this Question to the Apostles and Elders here in the Name of the Church at Antioch an Argument was raised that that Church submitted it self to be ordered and directed by the Church and Ministers thus met at Jerusalem But to evade this Goodwin in behalf of the Congregational or Independent Party moved to prove that this Meeting was for the Government of Jerusalem only For that there were some of the Sect of the Pharisees there that were of the same Mind v. 5. To him Lightfoot answered that these Churches would never have sent for Determination in point of Government for them had they not known the Presbytery constantly sitting at Jerusalem for Acts of Government of their own Church Bridg to this answered that then it was no Synod And that they met for Acts of Government finally to find out the Truth but not formally to exercise the Acts of Government To this our Divine Replyed That the Consequence did not hold it was a Presbytery before Ergo no Synod now 2. That their meeting about those Pharisees in Jerusalem ver 5. that were of the same mind with them at Antioch as Goodwin had said did make this Consequence that then they met for the Government of their own Church 3. That this did infer their Act of Government formally that Paul and Barnabas Ministers of the Uncircumcision came to Jerusalem to question about a Business which concerned the Converted Gentiles Now if it had been only to find out the Truth Peter and James Ministers of the Circumcision had been most proper for to have determined this Point with them Why then should they convent the Elders if not for an Act of Government 12. When the Assembly was drawing up the Order for the Administration of the Lord's Supper there were these Words used The Bread and Wine being set before him the Minister in PLATTERS the Word Platter was thought to be improper and so it was altered The Bread in comely and convenient Vessels But Lightfoot liked not this Expression but opposed it And when they had used the Word Sanctification of Elements because they avoided the using of the Word Consecrate Lightfoot scrupled at that Word SANCTIFY as an Hebraism as Consecrate was accounted a Romanism And therefore he offered the Word Set apart as a Medium Hence arose a Debate But after a long time it was exprest He shall begin the Act with Sanctifying and Blessing the Elements 13. When Lightfoot had Discoursed Learnedly about the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper and for General Admission to it and explained the institution of it from the Passover and that therefore in Luke there is mention made of two Cups as there was in the Passover Rotherford the Scots Commissioner that liked not our Divine who in truth spared not often to thwart the Scots labouring in this Assembly to bring in their Discipline into this Church of England took upon him to prove against him that there were not two Cups meant by that Evangelist Chap. xxii but that it was an Hysterosis And that there was no mention of a Cup in the Institution of a Passover and no news of that but in the Rabbins speaking contemptibly as it seemed of that sort of Learning But Lightfoot answered 1. That in all the Evangelists there is hardly an Hysterosis in any one of them in so small a Compass And that it is hard to find any Hysterosis in Luke at all unless it be in one or two Places 2. That it is true that Wine was not mentioned in the Institution of the Passover For Israel was not in the Land of Wine But when they came into the Land of Wine why might they not take Wine to the Passover as well as lay down some things that were circumstantial under the Institution Adding that there were divers things in the New Testament which we must be beholden to the Rabbins for the understanding of them or else we should not know what to make of them 14. When the matter of a Synod lay before the Assembly divers would have the Members of a Synod to consist of Lai●y as well as the Spiritualty The Proposition ran Pastors and Teachers lawfully called and it was added by some OTHER FITTING PERSONS are constituent Members of a Synod The Scots opposed this Addition exceedingly and so did Palmer Seaman and our Divine Those that were for it were Marshal Vines Herle and the Independents who grounded themselves upon Acts xv 7 13. where Peter and James calls the Council Men and Brethren and ver 22. It pleased the Apostles and Elders with the whole Church to send Chosen Men c. The Apostles and Elders pointing out the Clergy and the whole Church the Laity Where Lightfoot gave this Construction of the Words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Viz. by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. Brethren was meant the Uncircumcised Converts as at ver 1. and 23 they are understood Now it is most like that the Uncircumcised Churches would send their Ministers and not Laymen And by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is not meant the Church but that Meeting of the Council Seaman took at Lightfoot and followed largely Herle applauded the Interpretation but refused it and gave some Reasons why viz. Because 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ver 4. is taken properly for the Church And the Men that brought the Letters to the Churches could not be said to Send Greeting ver 23. The Apostles and Elders and Brethren send Greeting unto the Brethren which are of the Gentiles To this Lightfoot answered That the Interpretation of Scripture is from the scope of the Place as in the Hebrew word that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Translates it is apparent Vines denyed his Interpretation of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For that James and Peter called all the Company 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. Men and Brethren But Lightfoot shewed that that was a common Hebraism

to be for some expert sober Persons of the Laity But our Divine proved at large that none in the Synagogue read the Law and the Prophets but publick Officers and of the Levitical Order And that by these Arguments First By their multitude of Universities for the Education of the Levites for such Purposes viz. Fourty Eight Secondly By their Curiosity that not a Tittle of the Law should be mistaken by those that Read it But Mr. Reyner urged that the Levites were not Types of the Pastors but the Priests were To this he answered that the Levites in the Temple were one thing and in the Synagogues another For that though these at the Temple were Servants to the Priests yet in their Synagogues they were their Pastors 3. He seemed not to allow of the Ordination by Presbyters only disputing about that Place that was urged chiefly in behalf of it viz. 1 Tim. iv 14 With the laying on of the Hands of the Presbytery For after some had spoken dubiously of the Place as Mr. Herrick who questioned whether it spake of Ordination and whether these Presbyters were Preaching Presbyters or Presbyters or Elders of the Laity and Mr. Sympson who said that laying on of Hands was used in other things Lightfoot 1. Declared himself to be of Selden's Mind saying his Interpretation must needs be right and that it means 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. Admission to be an Elder 2. That it would be hard to find a Presbytery that might lay their Hands upon Timothy This Text cost a great deal of Debate but at last being put to the Question it was voted to pass But our Divine and some others with him gave their Negative Yet 4. To shew his Judgment in extraordinary Cases When the Bishops whose Office was to Ordain were voted out of the House and their Jurisdiction laid aside the Assembly brought in this Position concerning Ordination That in extraordinary Cases some things extraordinary may be done until a settled order may be had Divers spake largely upon this Pro and Con. Lightfoot was of this mind shewing that even some Posi●ive Laws of God gave place not only to Necessity but even to Convenience As the steps to Solomon's Altar and many Candlesticks and Tables in the Temple But when as a proof of it that place was produced 2 Chron. xxix 34 The Priests were too few that they could not slay all the Burnt-Offerings wherefore their Brethren the Levites did help them And Bathurst spake to this place to prove it pregnant and likewise out of Numb xviii 4 5 6. and Levit. i. would prove that the Levites had nothing to do to slay the Sacrifices Lightfoot gave Answer to him and so did Coleman and Selden two others well skilled in Jewish Learning who shewed the contrary But being put to the Vote it was carried for a pregnant place But Lightfoot here gave his Negative 5. Some in the Assembly called in Question Matthias his Equality with the rest of the Apostles and that he was rather a Degree below them because chosen by Lot and not immediately called by Christ So one Gibson To this our Divine gave this Answer That the Lot did argue his immediate Call Because the Apostles could not ordain him for an Apostle by Imposition of their Hands but sought to the immediate Imposition of Christ's Hands by a Lot 6. When the Assembly came to examine whether there were anciently in the Church Ruling Elders and they as it seems of the Laity which some had laboured for the confirming of by certain Places of Scripture one of the Assembly named Baily began to speak professing seriously that till the last year he had lived convinced by Bishop Bilson of the Jus Divinum of Bishops till confering with a Gentlewoman who said to him that it was a wonder he could not see ground for Presbyterial Government which all the Reformed Churches have it struck him so that he fell to study the Reformed Writers Calvin Beza c. and by them was convinced And then after this Preface as though he had been throughly studied in this matter he fell upon the places of Scripture and that with some vehemiency and smartness and would prove a Ruling Elder And Mr. Rutherford one of the Scotch Commissioners backed him to make way to bring in the Scotch Discipline into the English Church Gillaspe another Scotch Commissioner said in behalf of his Ruling Elder that this Practice of the Reformed Churches arose from a sure Light But this found considerable Opposition in the Assembly and that by the Learnedest Men as Vines Gataker and our Divine who began first and after Rutherford had done spake to this import 1. That as for that place in 1 Timothy v. 17 Let the Elders that Rule well be counted worthy of double Honour especially those who labour in the Word c. The Apostle 't is true meant hereby two sorts of Officers but that those were Pastor and Deacon which he had spoken of before as sufficient for the Church in 1 Tim iii. 2. That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the word in another place urged for Ruling Elders both in the LXX Translators and in the Syriac are Praesidentes and Praecedentes though not in Government 3. That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Helps and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Governments 1 Cor. xii 28 would enforce Deaconry and Ruling Elders Which Words when it was Debated whether they signified Officers or Gifts and Ny and Newcomen averred that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signified only the Act of Government Lightfoot stood up and shewed how the Word was taken by the LXX Who used it in Prov. i. 5 and xi 14 and divers other Places in that Book to translate 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which imported not the Act but the Ability and Gifts fit to Govern And that the other Word Helps meant nothing else but Helps to interpret the Language and Sense of those that spake with Tongues As he shewed might be collected by Ballancing the two Verses in the Place in Hand together viz the 28 th and 29 th Then spake Mr. Vines upon the said Place viz. 1 Cor. xii 28 Where he shewed that the Apostle spake there of several things and that those things were for the Benefit of the Church and that they related to Persons for he had before spoke of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gifts That it spake of several Gifts in several Persons That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 differed from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signified without doubt a Prefecture Yet grant all this it was very questionable whether this Place proved a Ruling Elder For that he conceived the Government was in the Hands of the Preaching Elder And then he fell to the backing of Lightfoot's Interpretation which he did fully Another Day they fell again upon the same Debate about Ruling Elders when Mr. Lightfoot was again concerned Wilkinson began thus If the Place alledged hold out so clear a ground

for the Ruling Elder how comes it to pass it was never seen before Calvin And for this he alledged Dr. Sutcliff and related that Mr. Calvin having been expelled Geneva and recalled he desired four Helvetian Churches to assist him which they did Yet they themselves retained not this Government Mr. Callamy who was for these Ruling Elders spake to it after this manner viz. That there were Elders of the People joyned to the Priests and Levites 2 Chron. xix 8 Acts. iv 5 He said the Jews had two sorts of Consistories in every City one in the Gate and another in the Synagogue And that their Synagogues were appointed for correction of Manners as well as for Prayers And that they had Ecclesiastical Censures in them John ix 22 That the word Cut off meant Separation from the Congregation Exod. xii 15 19. And that they had their Rulers of the People in the Synagogue he went about to prove 1. Because the inferior Judicatories were conformed to the greater 2. Because they had their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rulers of the Synagogue Act. xiii 15 After Mr. Calamy had done others laboured to confirm his Discourse For this being a Prime Point great pains were taken to carry it But Lightfoot then stood up to confute the former Arguments by shewing that the two Sanhedrins and the two Consistories in every City were not owned by the Jewish Authors And for that he● alledged Maimonides at large and proved three Courts in Jerusalem and yet no difference of one Ecclesiastical and the other Civil And by his skill in Jewish History made it out that there was but one Court or Consistory in every City else He granted indeed that there were Elders in the Sanhedrin that were not Priests or Levites but withal they were Civil Magistrates as it is in our Parliament Of this last Saying Rotherford took hold and answered That the Parliament if they had intended to judge Ecclesiastical things in an Ecclesiastical Way would not have convened this Assembly To which Lightfoot replied divers things and there happened passages Pro and Contra. At length it was moved that they might come to draw up in what they agreed And Dr. Burges tendred a Proposition which cost some Exceptions and Debates viz. That the Constitution and Practice of the Jewish Church as a Church and not as Jewish was to have some Elders of the People joyned with the Priests to judge in Ecclesiastical Matters To which Lightfoot again objected that it was too large And that he could produce divers Ecclesiastical Matters in which they did not judge and that it would be hard to find that they judged in any thing but only about false Doctrine At last it was put to the Question and our Divine stood up and desired that the Vote might not be lost because of the scruple And therefore prayed that the Proposition might pass agreeable to the last they made viz. That in the Church of the Jews there were Elders of the People joyned to the Priests and Levites in the Government of the Church Which middling way was very well liked And so it was put to the Question and Voted Nemine contradicente And Lightfoot by his Prudent and Learned Management of this Point pleased all unless it were perhaps the Scotch Commissioners But this Controversie came not so to a Conclusion For when some had held that the Civil Elders in the Sanhedrin judged in all things Lightfoot answered that this was impossible in the Point of Leprosie For that it was infectious for all Israel but only the Priests And as for that place Deut. xvii 8 a place proposed to prove the Proposition fixed upon upon our said Divine's Motion as was shewed before Viz. That there were Elders of the People joined with the Priests and Levites in the Government of the Church he shewed them his Judgment that that place spake not of Appeals but of Advisings and not of Judicature but of Direction For that the Judges of inferior Cities were to go thither to inform themselves if they stuck in any thing Gillaspe the Scotch Man laboured to prove two Courts from Deut. xvii 12 about one going up from one Court to another that is for Appeals as he urged from hence The Man that will do presumptuously and will not hearken unto the Priests that standeth to Minister before the Lord or unto the Judge even that Man shall Die Making the Priest to hold one Court and the Judge another But Selden Gibson and Lightfoot were against it And thus Selden The Vulgar Latin till within this Forty Years read this Place Qui non obediverit sacerdoti ex decreto Judicis morietur i. e. He that shall not obey the Priest shall Die by the Decree of the Judge And if that reading be right here is no shadow of two Courts This place he said included all Cases And if in any one of the inferior Courts the Judges were at a stand and those Judges went to Jerusalem and were resolved of the Scruple and went down again and would not Judge according to their Resolution they were to Die And this was he which the Jewish Writers call The Rebelious Elder Gibbon proved they i. e. the Judges of the Inferior Courts handled Ecclesiastical Matters And that because 1. They had all Matters 2. All Laws 3. They handled the Matter of Jealousie And for this he produced Maimony at large Lightfoot then signified that he had yesterday hinted the Sense which Mr. Selden now gave And that it was not in Appeals but in point of Consultation that the Judge was to go up To which Herle gave only this Answer I should be sorry if we should lose Appeals in this Place But our Divine besought the Assembly that they might Examine the Text before they fixed a Sense upon it and that it might be taken into Consideration whether this Place spake of Appeals or no And affirmed that it little afforded two Sanhedrins For that the Party was to consult with Judge or Priest as the Case required and they two sitting together in the Court. Which was urged in Opposition to Dr. Hoyl that endeavoured to prove two Sanhedrins because the Priest and Judge were named apart and the Priest first This Debate held very long and yet nothing was concluded When at last Lightfoot proposed that they might hasten the Material Things that tended to Settlement and to let these Speculations alone till leisure and fall to Action Which seasonable Admonition was hearkened to and followed 7. It became a doubt among some in the Assembly Whether those Deacons Acts vi were the same with those spoken of in 1 Tim. iii. And when Mr. Vines had smartly said that some denyed those in the Acts to be Deacons because they measured these by the Deacons of their own Times and had been willing rather to deny these than their own Lightfoot spake substantially to this place 1. That these were Ministers because it is said they were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉