Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
church_n	africa_n	bishop_n	rome_n	4,127	5	6.9616	4	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07781	A notable treatise of the church in vvhich are handled all the principall questions, that haue bene moued in our time concerning that matter. By Philip of Mornay, Lord of Plessis Marlyn, gentleman of Fraunce. And translated out of French into English by Io. Feilde.; Traicté de l'église. English	Mornay, Philippe de, seigneur du Plessis-Marly, 1549-1623.; Fielde, John, d. 1588.	1579 (1579)	STC 18159; ESTC S107520	167,479	400

time to time howe they are grouÌ„ded vpon mans lawe and that which wee call positiue They holde that S. Peter was crucified vnder Nero in the yeere of our Lorde 69 and that Clement succeeded him Others say that Linus succeeded him then Saint Iohn yea and Iames himselfe If we beleeue those bookes supposed to bee Clements they shoulde haue obeyed Clement as head of the Church for he succeeded as they saye in Peters Authoritie he ought to haue no lesse authoritie then the popes at this daye who can dispense with Paules epistles A wonderfull case that the primitiue Church when they made the Canon of those bookes that should haue authoritie in the Church that they should rather put in those bookes of Iames and Iohn then of Clement the principall heire and successour of the holy ghost by the vertue of Saint Peters chaire A wonderfull matter further that this ClemeÌ„t made so smal accompt of succession so necessary in the Church seeing that in his epistle which he writeth to Iames Bishop of Ierusalem he calleth him our Lordes brother the Bishoppe of Bishops and gouernour of the Church of Ierusalem and of all others throughout all the worlde But yet a more wonderfull matter that they shoulde bee found so impudent in the light of good learning that at this day shineth as to fouÌ„d the papacie vpon those gaye bookes of Clement in which there are so many falsehoodes Clement writeth to Saynt Iames after Peters death and teacheth him the institution of our Lorde when as the Scripture witnesseth that S. Iames was martyred long before in Ierusalem and that as long as hee liued he was to teach Clement such matters and not to learne them of him And yet this is one of the notablest authors that they can alledge But let vs proceede We holde the Apostles Creede from the beginning of the Christian Church And we there finde the Catholike church But this article of the faith that pope Boniface the eight made is not therein That if we will be saued we must acknovvledge the pope to be the soueraigne Lord. Saint Cyprian saith That there is but one Bishoppricke of vvhich euery Bishop holdeth his parte vvholy vvithout any diuision Also that none of his time either called or made him selfe Bishoppe of Bishops eyther made through tyrannie his companions subiect to his obedience Also he complaineth that certaine prophane men and Schismatikes vvith drevve them selues to the bish of Rome who saith he hath none but certaine desperate wicked fellovves that stay vpon him making theÌ„ selues beleeue that the Bishops of Affricke haue lesse povver then the Bishops of Rome And in very deede he calleth not Stephen Cornelius bishops of Rome other theÌ„ brethren coÌ„panions handleth Stephen rudely enough in manye places To be short a litle after his death the church of Affricke decreed in the councill of Carthage that none should be called the prince or chiefe of ministers or the first Bishoppe but onely according to the dignitie of Cities the Bishoppe of the first See. Irenee very liuely reproueth Victor the Bishop of Rome who through a certaine shamelesse ambition had excommunicated the Churches of Asia for disagreeing about the Passeouer The Ministers saith he vvhich haue helde the eldershippe of the Church ouer vvhich thou novv doest gouerne Anicetus Pius Higinus c. haue not done as thou hast done neither they also vvhich vvere vvith them Tertullian who otherwise is wont to attribute verye much to Saint Peter scorneth the Bishop of Rome his great ambition which then began to shew it selfe albeit in a certaine place he maketh a long narration of the praises of the Church of Rome yet he teacheth not neither neere nor farre of that which is the principall to wit that it was the infallible seat of the holy Ghost by Peters successioÌ„ And yet these are for all that the very firste of all antiquitie and in whose time the Church of Christ more florished then at any time In the time of ConstaÌ„tine as the church had more liberty so it had also more ambition then Bishops begaÌ„ first to think on miters that before time thought nothing els but to be martyrs That same famous Council of Nice was then called together by Constantine the Emperour to the ende to decide the matter of Arrius The B. of Romes deputies were there but they sate onely in the fourth place Yea one decree was there made by which certaine limits were attributed to euerie patriarke ouer which the Canon gaue them equall authority which the Bishop of Rome was wont to haue ouer the neighbour Churches of his citie They went about by infinite meanes to corrupt the canons of this councill as the histories do witnesse vnto vs But Cusan the Cardinal alledging this Councill acknowledgeth the trueth in these words By this we see saith he how much authoritie the Pope hath gotten in our time against the sacred auncient constitutions and altogether through the leÌ„gth of time and custome of a slauish subiectionall obedience And yet in meane time Iulius with standeth it not neither doe his Legates alledge to the fathers of the Councill their Tibi dabo I will giue vnto thee nor their Pasce oues meas Feed my sheep for as yet they were not studyed so deeply therin but they rested onely in the ordinance of the Councill which afterwardes was confirmed by the Councils of Antioche and of Constantinople And this was about the time that they woulde deuise the donation of Constantine to pope Syluester confuted by so many learned men so long time agoe that none but such as are ignorant will beleeue it But if they will beleeue the original which is kept in VaticaÌ„ in the popes library in goldeÌ„ letters let theÌ„ also beleeue these words which are written added in the end Quam fabulaÌ„ longi teÌ„poris meÌ„dacia finxit that is to say in the proper words of ill latine This is a fable which an old lye hath forged Or if they wil therin beleeue the legend of Pope Syluester then let them also beleeue that which it sayeth that then was hearde a voyce from heauen saying Hodie effusum est venenum in Ecclesiam that is to say At this day poyson is shedde into the middest of the Church In the first and seconde Councill of Ephesus Cyrillus and Dioscorus Patriarches of Alexandria did gouerne there though the Bishoppe of Rome there had his deputies And it forceth not to saye that the seconde was not lawfull For this can not be knowen but by the yssue but it sufficeth that in the beginning and then when men thought that it was verye lawfull and that in such a time as the ceremonies were kept there Leo the Bishoppe of Rome neyther his deputies did not there striue for the chiefe place because they thought it to haue no good grounde In the Councill of Chalcedon

called together by the Emperour Martian Leo the Bishoppe of Rome beeyng there president hee was called Archbishoppe as were the others But the history sayeth that he required the Emperour and the Empresse to gouerne there because that in the seconde Councill of Ephesus Dioscorus the Patriarke of Alexandria abusing his authoritie had approued the heresie of Eutyches whereof then there was question Nowe in that hee demaundeth this fauour it sufficientlye declareth that it was not done vnto him and if this might once bee drawen into consequence as well also must this that Cyrill was President ouer the first councill of Ephesus for all the Bishoppes of Alexandria And in very deede in the fift Councill of Constantinople his successour withstoode it not when Menas the patriarke of that place was there presideÌ„t In the generall Councill of Aquilie S. Ambrose the B. of Millane was president there was not any meÌ„tion made of the B. of Rome although this was in Italy But behold the questioÌ„ was determined the parties being heard by the determinate seÌ„teÌ„ce of a couÌ„cill The B. of Rome tooke vpon him a goodly large title of being patriarke ouer the churches of Affrike the schismatikes of Affrike willingly departed to go to him to finde there aid whereupon the couÌ„cil of Mileuitane where S. Aug. was with a good nomber of fathers pronounced all them for excommunicate that had or shoulde appeale beyonde the Sea. The Bishoppe of Rome finding him selfe grieued sent to the sixth councill of Carthage where also Saint Augustine was that he might haue redresse in this matter the which was so long time in debating that Zosinius Boniface and Celestine Bishoppes of Rome succeeded one another during this Councill Aurelius the Archbishoppe of Carthage notwitstanding that their legates were there was president there and in the ende the definitiue sentence was pronounced in this force That the Bishop of Rome should not receiue those that were excommunicated by the Bishops of Affrike neither should he receiue the appellations of those that by them should be condÌ„ened that all they which should appeale to him should be holdeÌ„ for excoÌ„municated persoÌ„s The reasons of this councill contained in the 105. chapter by the letters of the council to Celestine Bishop of Rome are these that there is no couÌ„cil that had so decreed Contrariwise that the Council of Nice had put the Clergie the Bishops of ech prouince vnder the Metropolitan That the grace of the holye Spirite had not withdrawen it selfe from euerye Prouince to discerne the right of all causes That anye myght appeale to a Prouinciall councill if hee felt him selfe grieued that it vvas more credible that GOD vvoulde inspire a great assemblie of ministers in a Councill then one man alone And because that the B. of Rome required to send his legates to be ouer those places to enquire of matters and causes they made answere that they could not find any councill that had so decreed and likewise that they would not suffer it In this council where they had time enough to dreame all their forbidding yet shall you not finde that the primacie was founded vpon anye lawe of God much lesse that which they call the fulnes of power And in very deede for to decide the matter men were not sent to search the scriptures in which S. Augustine who was present there was wel able to haue found it if it had bene there but rather to the foure originals of the couÌ„cill of Nice which were kept in the foure patriarchall Sees In meane while Gratian the Compiler of their decree was so sottishly malicious that reciting this Canon of the Councill of Carthage That men should not appeale beyond the Sea he added vnlesse to the B. of Rome as though the Canon had bene made quite contrary to it selfe all the reasons being heard concluded to the contrary And by this place a man may very well gather what to accompte of their Canons being rehersed with such fidelitie In the Councill of Carthage holden vnder the Emperour Mauricius about the yeere of Christ sixe hundred the matter of the Supremacie was also largely debated because that theÌ„ the B. of Constantinople fauoured of the Emperor Mauricius by prerogatiue of the Citye of Constantinople called him selfe Bishop of Bishops and vniuersall Bishop And Mauricius vphelde and ayded him to beate down old Rome because theÌ„ the empire was traÌ„slated into the East Italie left for a pray to the Northern people Let a maÌ„ read ouer al the CanoÌ„s of that council they pronounce a curse not onely vpon the B. of CoÌ„stantinople but generally vpoÌ„ al those who shall take the title of an vniuersall B. All the auncient doctors who liued during the time of these Councils yea the Latines that yelded very much to the Bishopricke of Rome as being their most neere patriarchshippe doe witnesse the selfe same thing vnto vs Athanasius albeit hee was greatly bound to the See of Rome which had receiued him in his exile he saith that all the Apostles were equal in honour power S. Hierom a minister of Rome he saith If there be any question of the authoritie of all the world the vvorld is greater then one City Wherefore vvilt thou bring the order of the Church into the subiection of a fevve persons Whence coÌ„meth this presuÌ„ption Wheresoeuer there is a Bishop be he at Rome or at AgubiuÌ„ be he at ConstaÌ„tinople or at RhegiuÌ„ he is of one and the same dignitie and Ministery Riches or pouertye neither make one superiour nor inferiour Againe there is saith he in euerye Churche a Bishoppe one chiefe amongest the Deacons and another amongest the Elders and all the order of the Churche consisteth in these gouernors It should folow therupon seeing the the question was of vnity that he should adde and say a B. ouer the other Bishops but he speaketh nothing S. August hath written a story which maketh this matter most cleare Donate of the black cotages a Numidian of whoÌ„ the Donatists tooke their name had grieuously accused CiciliaÌ„ the Archbishop of Carthage Constantine the Emperor committed this cause which was merely ecclesiastical to Miltiades B. of Rome to certain other Bishops of Italie Gaule Spaigne Nowe if this had bene his ordinarie Iurisdiction there needed not any CoÌ„mission of the Emperor it had belonged to him to haue chosen vnto himselfe his assistants not to haue receiued them But see further Donate being condemned appealed to the Emperor who sent his appellatioÌ„ to the Archb. of Arles either to proue or disalow the B. of Romes sentence I demand then in this fact which in this case is worth a million Where is the Supremacy where is the Iurisdiction without appeale and where is this same knowledge of all appellations this fulnes of power wherof they speak so much And yet this is that Constantine of whom they boast so much who as

they deeme spoyled him selfe of his Empire to enriche them Chrysost sayeth Whosoeuer of the Bishoppes shall desire primacye in earth he shall find confusioÌ„ in heauen he that shall desire to be the chiefe he shall not be reputed in the nomber of the seruaunts of Christ Gregory the great Bishop of Rome when the Bishop of ConstaÌ„tinople would attribute vnto him selfe that Supremacy he sayth not that he doeth wrong to Saint Peter or that hee withholdeth vsurpeth the right of the Bishoppes of Rome but rather he protesteth that this vvas a prophane title full of sacriledge and the fore-running of Antichrist and that this was to say with Lucifer I will ascend aboue the cloudes and will make my selfe equall to the high God. That none of his predecessours tooke vpon them to be aboue their brethren coÌ„panions And if there vvere any such amongst theÌ„ he falling downe al the Church should stuÌ„ble fal vvith him That this vvere to destroy all christianitie And after many such other woordes he pronounceth this generall sentence That vvhosoeuer shal call himselfe vniuersal Bishop or shall desire to be so called that he is the forerunner of Antichrist forasmuch as through pride he axalteth him selfe aboue all As touching him self he flatly refused it and prayed Eulogius the Bishop of Alexandria not to giue him this proude name Hee acknowledgeth that the Bishoppes of Alexandria and Antioche are as well in Peters chaire as they of Rome to be short that Peter Paul Andrevv Iohn c. they are al particular heads of the people vvhom they gouerne but all members vnder one head vvhich is Christ hovvsoeuer they holde Peter for chiefe amongest them I beseech the readers that they will take paines to reade vpon this matter the epistles of Saint Gregory and there they shall finde the condemnation of this Supremacie more expressely then yet I haue said To conclude the Emperours haue called generall Councils the patriarks and. Metropolitanes those that were Nationall and prouincial They that were Patriarkes euery one was president ouer the See of his patriarchshippe and not the Bishoppe of Rome nor his deputies in general councils The patriarks or chiefe Bishoppes went not to seeke their Palls at Rome but were Canonically elected ouer those places The Bishoppe of Rome as appeareth by those Epistles them selues of Gregorye the great when hee was chosen exhibited vnto them the confession of hys fayth by a Synodall Epistle as they did to him Eche one of them had an Ecclesiasticall iudgement ouer his owne and none appealed from them no not the Bishoppes them selues beyond the Sea who had no Patriarke in the Sea of Rome I demaunde then by what marke they can shewe vs that Supremacy in the auncieÌ„t Primitiue church be it but by the positiue lawe of man And yet notwithstanding wee see the course from time to time and from Councill to Councill vntill the yeere of our LORD sixe hundred and more when Phocas the Emperour killed his master Maurice and inuaded the Empire and to get fauour of the Romanes after so cursed and detestable murther gayned Boniface the third their Bishop declaring him to be head of the Church and Bishoppe of Bishoppes against that that Gregory his predecessour had a litle before so hotelye fought against If the Church had bene so long time without a head what did the members then And if Iesus Christ were the head then why lesse nowe Also wheÌ„ce commeth it that when the Bishoppe of Rome was not acknowledged for such a one it had such strength and alwayes afterwards grewe weaker and decayed Againe is it not notable that all the auncient Churche was ignorant of so healthfull a doctrine hidden in the holy Scripture and that Boniface the third shoulde be the firste that shoulde fynde it out That such so necessary priuiledges should be concealed for the space of sixe hundred yeeres in the most happy ages and to the most quick sighted persons which euer were That so many Christian Emperors should make no account of it and one Phocas an execrable murtherer should be the first to giue authority vnto it But as the papacie must needes spring of the ruines of Rome the second beast of the Carrion of the first so also must it needes he that the supremacie of the Bishop of Rome as that of the first kings was must bee founded and buylded vpon murther Against these decrees of the generall councills they blush not to alledge vnto vs those goodly bookes of Clement whereof we haue spoken a litle before that same ridiculous epistle of Anaclet That Cephas is asmuch to say as head of the church that same authentical reuelation of Pope Marcellus of Peters seate to be remoued from Antioch to Rome and such other beggerly trumperie of that decree which some euen of their owne side do deride Also certaine other epistles of Pope Leo who laboureth therby asmuch as he can to make vs credit the latine Church But we know that none must be iudge in his owne cause and if as Gerson Panormitan say One lay man may set himselfe hauing the holy Scripture on his side against a vvhole generall councill vvhich erreth from it By a more strong reason maye the whole primitiue Church oppose it selfe all the whole Scripture hauing al the general councils on her side that were for the space of 600. yeres against the tyraÌ„nie of one man alone which cannot alledge any thing but his owne ambition yea against the decretall epistles of some Popes yet for the most part but shuffled in vnder the name of some of the auncient fathers I will not denie notwithstanding that a good time the bishops of Rome had not attempted to establishe a spirituall monarchie at Rome according to the example of the temporall which made them to be enuied For the Church of God began by Abel as Saint Augustine saith and Babylon by Cain and likewise it is not to be doubted but that very quicklye after the foundations of the Christian Church were layde Sathan layd also the foundations of Antichrist In Paul his time the mysterie of iniquitie began to worke when one said that hee was of Apollo another that he was of Paul and another of Cephas Victor the bishop of Rome enterprised to excommunicate all Asia for the feast of Easter but he was most liuely reprooued by Irenee Steuen also receiued the schismatiques of Affricke against the Sentence of the Churche that they should not appeale beyond the Sea but Cyprian calleth him proud and ignorant and the councill of Affricke holden about the selfe same time setteth it selfe against him Iulius in the time of Constantine beganne to establishe his Empire but the councill of Nice limitted him his power bringing him to the bound and skantling of others Yea in the sixth council of Carthage where Saint Augustine was present three bishops of Rome one after another

HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE A NOTABLE TREATISE OF THE CHVRCH IN vvhich are handled all the principall questions that haue bene moued in our time concerning that matter BY PHILIP OF MORNAY Lord of Plessis Marlyn Gentleman of Fraunce Â¶ And translated out of French into English by Io. Feilde APOCAL. 18.4.5 Goe out of Babylon my people that you be not partakers in her sinnes and that ye receiue not of her plagues For her sinnes are come vp into heauen and God hath remembred her iniquities Â¶ Imprinted at London by Christopher Barker Printer to the Queenes Maiestie ANNO. DOM. 1579. THE BRIEFE CONTENTS OF THE CHAPTERS OF this present treatise 1 WHat the visible Church is and what are the diuers states thereof 2 That of the visible and vniuersall Church some partes are pure and other some impure and what are the infallible markes of the pure Churches 3 That the other markes which our aduersaries alledge are common both to the pure and impure Churches and which are they that most commonly deceiue vs. 4 That the holy Scripture is the vndoubted touchstone to proue the puritie of doctrine which doctrine is the marke of the pure Churches 5 That there can be no other Iudge of the controuersies of this time but the holy Scripture and how euery one may iudge them by it 6 That the visible Church may erre yea and that in matters of Faith and saluation and that is proued in euery of her particular states 7 That the Pope or bishop of Rome is not head of the visible and vniuersall Church by Gods Lawe 8 That the Pope or Bishop of Rome is not head of the visible vniuersal Church by mans law and how he hath vsurped this power 9 That the Pope in calling himselfe head of the Church and not being head is the Antichrist in the Church and that Antichrist cannot be receiued into the Church with any other then the Popish doctrine 10 That euery one is bound to separate himselfe from the communion of Antichrist and that the Romanists are Schismatickes and not they which separate themselues from the same 11 That the Ministers of the reformed Churches haue a lawfull vocation to redresse and reforme the Church 12 The recapitulation or briefe rehearsall of the principall conclusions of this treatise To the right honorable and my very good Lord the Lord Robert Dudley Earle of Leycester Baron of Denbigh Knight of the most noble order of the Garter Master of the Queenes Maiesties Horses and one of her Graces most honorable priuie Councell Io. Feilde wissheth encrease of grace and all spirituall giftes by Iesus Christ our Lord. BEing willing Right Honorable and my very good Lorde in the sight of all the worlde to leaue some publique testimonie of my humble duetie vnfaigned good will towardes your Honor I thought I coulde no better way performe it then by dedicating these poore labours of mine to be shrowded and harboured vnder your good and fauourable protection And albeit I must confesse that my translation is not worthie such a Patrone yet this I must needes say that the worke it selfe both in respect of the Aucthour that wrote it and also of the matter is worthy not onely of your Honors defence but also of the defence of all noble men yea of the greatest Princes in the world if they wil answere their calling and holde of God to maintaine his Church and trueth and will set greatest price vpon thinges that are most precious For concerning the Authour though I be not acquainted with his person yet this is sufficient that I knowe him by his vertue and by this excellent worke who as he is a Gentleman of a noble house and employed in waightie affaires which sufficiently commendeth his credite and wisedome to the worlde so which is a thing to be marueiled at amiddest all his businesse whilest he lay here he set forth this notable treatise wherein he hath shewed such learning and reading with iudgement and sinceritie to the Church of God as I knowe not whether from a man of his place any hath euer bene more learnedly and piththily published and that more may make to the edifying of the Church of God and confuting the aduersarie The Lorde send many such Ambassadours that euermore their policie may be guided by diuinitie And thus much both for the person and the worke Nowe touching the translation In very deede I haue therein studied to be plaine simple keeping my selfe to mine Aucthour both in wordes and meaning so farre foorth as the proprietie of the tongue woulde suffer me Wherefore good my Lorde I most humbly beseech your Honor to accept this my humble and bounden duetie and as by your Honor I dedicate it to the Church of England so I humbly craue that it may be defended for hereunto is your Honor called of God and therefore hath he giuen you your aucthoritie that you shoulde maintaine his Church loue his religion set your selfe against Poperie and liue and die to his glorie He hath honored you that you shoulde honor him and hath set you vp that you shoulde maintaine him And wholly to trust in him and to liue to him is a stay that can neuer faile neither in this worlde nor in the worlde to come All other things shall faile for all flesh is grasse and the glorie of man is as the flower of the fielde but God is euerlasting his worde is euerlasting and they that are begotten to him by the immortall seede of his worde shall liue for euer And this life beginneth and groweth in vs as we growe and encrease in the true knowledge of God to the encreasing of our faith and working in vs as the seale of our adoption that true sanctification that maketh vs to liue vnto God by righteousnesse purely to worship him according to his worde and with brotherly loue deuoyde of all hypocrysie from a pure heart to loue our neighbours This my Lord is true religion whereunto as God in great mercie hath called your Honor so goe cherefully forwarde beware of this vaine worlde and of that vaine trust that wicked men are wont to put in it Leane not vpon it but stoppe your eares against the enchaunting and fawning whisperings of hollowe harted Papists and dissolute professors for there can be no greater trespasse against the Lord then to leane vpon Assyria to rest in the strength of Egypt to goe downe into Ethiopia Cursed is that man that putteth his trust in man and maketh flesh his arme he shal be like the heath that groweth in the wildernesse but contrariwise he that trusteth in the Lord mercie shall embrace him on euery side he shall neuer be confounded he shal be as Mount Sion and shall neuer be remoued For the Lord is his secrete place and is with him therefore who can be against him what is a mans bowe what are his legges what is the swiftnesse of Horses or the strength of an hoaste or the fauour

they call her Princes the Princes of Sodome and her people the people of Gomorrhe to be short that they threaten her that God will remoue his tabernacle from thence to others And Saint Paul sayeth that they should be so deceiued for hauing neglected the trueth of God that they shal worship Antichrist in the Church The reason hereof is very cleare that the Church is as the moone a body thicke cloudie which hath no light but from Christ the sunne thereof By meanes that she looketh towards him she is bright and cleare and the more she turneth away from him the lesse brightnesse she hath sometimes she withdraweth her selfe so farre from him so great a masse of earth setteth it selfe betwene them that she seemeth altogether eclipsed Hereof it is that of this vniuersall Church dispersed throughout the whole worlde and gathered together into particular Churches of all the nations thereof wee maye see some vtterly rooted out by the iust iudgement of God as the Philippians Colossians many others of the East which were erected by the Apostles theÌ„selues others to be erected else where through the euerlasting goodnesse of God towards mankinde Some by the corruption of men to be corrupted both in maners and doctrine as those of Greece of Egypt of Affrike c. Others by the presumption of their leaders hauing nothing left sound as the Church of Rome at this day To be short some other gone from heresie to infidelitie as in the couÌ„tries where Mahomet begunne his sect which are altogether the fruites of the first sinne of man who of him selfe turned awaye from God to himselfe and was blinded in his owne loue thinking to be wise enough to guide himselfe without the worde of god Thus much in few words concerning the parts of this visible Church nowe vniuersall But let it suffise for this time that wee resolue our selues that this Church is the Assemblie or Congregation of all those which make profession of Christ throughout the whole worlde that vnder her are comprehended al the particular churches to which the promises of Christ made to this universall Churche belong equally That of the same some are pure and some impure according as they are turned away from God to themselues to be short that the purer churches are impure before God seeing he hath not founde puritie in his angels sauing that he supporteth them in mercie in Iesus Christ his sonne our Lorde That of the visible Catholique Church some partes of it are pure and some impure and which be the infallible markes of the pure Churches CHAP. II. THe Catholique or vniversall visible Church is the assemblie of all those which make profession of the Gospell of Iesus Christ throughout the whole worlde distinguished as we haue sayd into many particular Churches all which do make but one body Of all these particular as members and parts of one the selfe same body some are pure other some are impure some more some lesse sounde and some at this day are sicke euen vnto death which in times past were more healthful according as all are composed of men and therefore are subiect to be partakers with their faultes Those that are of the purer and sounder Churches we call them sound and true Churches coÌ„senting to the true doctrine which is the name that for the most part the auncient fathers haue giuen them The others wee call the erring hereticall or schismatical Churches according as they erre either in faith or in charitie agaynst the square and right rule of Christ or against the rule of his Church either in the one or in the other notwithstanding euery one in his degree And yet for all this both the one and the other are truely Churches that is to say assemblies that make profession of Christ but they are not pure Churches that is to say seruing God in Christ onely in puritie and veritie euen like as a lying person is truely a man albeit he be not a true man a man ceaseth not to be a man howsoeuer he be disfigured without and inwardly infected with leprosie and in such sorte benommed of his members or else troubled in his senses that he is depriued of the principall actions of a man yea and of those things also in outwarde appearance that make difference betweene a man a beast I meane speache and reason I knowe very wel that the auncient fathers and principally the Latines they coÌ„monly call the pure Church Catholike by excellencie to distinguish it from the congregation of heretikes but to speake properly there is no particular Church how pure sound soeuer it be that can bee called universall And if we giue them their name because they are partes of the universall Church by the selfe same reason it should agree aswell to the most impure Churches themselues And in deede this worde Catholike was not put in our Creede for to distinguish a pure Church from an impure but to distinguish the Iewish Church in times past tyed to Ierusalem from the Christian Church which by the coÌ„ming of Iesus Christ was spread throughout the whole worlde that is to saye to authorize the vocation of the Gentiles against the pretended prerogatiues of the Iewes against which S. Paul hath written in the three first whole chapters of the Epistle to the Romaines and to shewe that according to that that was foretolde by all the Prophets that all people were made one in Iesus Christ which was the principall controuersie that made greatest broyle in the primitiue Church And if a man shall deepely way this thing he shall finde that this maner of speaking vsed of the auncient fathers calling the sound and true Church Catholike came of the reasoning they had against the Schismatikes as against the Nouatians Donatistes and others who tooke vpon them to binde the whole Church to themselues and shut out all the rest of the world besides as namely the Donatistes who tyed it to a little corner of Affrike vnder the colour that they presumed that they themselues were more holy then the rest against whom to the ende to stoppe their mouthes they opposed the Catholike or vniuersall Church according to the Scripture spredde throughout the whole world Nowe it followeth that we search out the true markes of this Church which we call the true pure Church or if we like better the Catholike Church to distinguish it from the impure erroneous Church We haue said alredy that God vouchsafing through his goodnes to be the father of one sort of men would also that his Church should be the mother and we knowe very wel that it belongeth not to the mother alone to bringforth children into the world but she is a true mother who also nourisheth them and careth for them after shee hath brought them forth Nowe through Baptisme we are auowed to be the childreÌ„ of God and of children of wrath which we were we are through

most auncient of all For this is alwaies a ryght rule and to be receiued that those thinges which are nought worth in the beginning are no whit better in the continuaÌ„ce of time and if a maÌ„ cannot prescribe against kings and against the Church in their possessions much lesse he can doe it against God and against the trueth which is the only treasure of the Church Nowe let vs come to multitude it is saide expressely thou shalt not follow a multitude to do euill Also the gate is wide that leadeth to perdition CoÌ„trary wise feare not my little flocke for it is my fathers pleasure to giue you a kingdome Moreouer we see that all the worlde was brought to one onely Noah and afterwards to Abraham Then God chose one people of Israel the least as he hath said of al peoples and finally of all peoples the least part to wit Christendome which for this cause he calleth a litle flocke According to which S. Austin saith that the Church was sometimes in one Abel and in one Enoch Multitude then shoulde be rather a presumption of the false then of the true Church of impuritie rather then of puritie for asmuch also as man in all things is prone by nature to euill and tendeth not vnto good vnlesse he be as it were drawen by force vnto it If we looke to the number of Painims they will set against vs in al nations almost many against one and againe all nations against one only nation yea and in that nation it selfe all the families of one time against one or two as namely in the time of Noah those which were called the childreÌ„ of God mocked him his religion Likewise amongst this chosen people of God the Samaritans bare themselues against Iuda for there were ten tribes against two and in Iuda Israel the idolaters gained against the people of God for Elias coÌ„plaineth that he was left alone against the good Prophet Micheas there arose vp foure hundred false the Prophets crie that all the people were deceiued euen from the Kings to the Priests Prophets In the Christian Church also there shall be as fewe in that place for euen at the beginning it was saide Who hath beleeued our word to whom hath the arme of the Lord bin reueiled we read that it was brought to a small number of persons the schoolemen themselues hold that after the death of our Sauiour in one instant it consisted in the virgine Marie alone In the greatest floure of it we reade that after the death of Constantine his sonne being of the same name fauoring the Arrians there were so few sounde professors amongst the Christians that the Emperour reproched theÌ„ that foure or fiue persoÌ„s with their Athanasius would trouble the peace of the whole worlde to whom Liberius the Byshop of Rome answered that his solitude or fewenesse did no whit diminish the word of faith In the end we are aduertised that when that sonne of man shall come before which that sonne of perdition must seduce the worlde he shal finde neither faith nor charitie on the earth and that those daies shall be as the daies of Noah Lot c. The eclipse theÌ„ of this Moone shal be as it were vniuersall all the whole earth being put betweene the Church and the Sunne therefore if we haue no other direction in these darkenesses then the multitude we shall haue no part with that little number Moreouer the Christians which reiect the Pope in Asia and in Affrica are a great many moe in number then the others If the Pope hold them for pure Churches then is the Romaine Church an heretike for she condemneth them and excoÌ„municateth them for diuers points of doctrine If not then multitude which is a common argument to the impure Churches themselues can not be alledged for a marke of puritie And yet for all this we cease not to praise GOD for the blessing which he hath giuen vnto his woorde making the same to fructifie and encrease to hundreds and to thousandes likewise we pray that as he hath already drawen a part of Christendome froÌ„ vnder the yoke of Antichrist so it wil please him to continue it more more But we say that if in certayne places it seeme that God do retire but few as the Pastor that saueth from the mouth of the Lion an eare of his sheepe as saith the Prophet Amos or according to Ieremie taking one of one towne two of one tribe for to retire them into the restauratioÌ„ of his Church yet for this cause we must not cal the trueth into doubt for asmuch as the selfe same trueth hath foretolde vs this the great number is no marke of puritie veritie nor the litle number of falshood and heresie Nowe followeth the succession of place and of persons which they alledge against the succession of true doctrine which we require in the Church As concerning the place there is no doubt but that this is to play the Iewes to enclose Orbem in Vrbe that is the whole worlde in one citie For the Church is not any longer tyed to Ierusalem but we see euery day that God calleth his people euen those which seemed not to be his people and contrarywise he hath permitted by his righteous will that many Christian Churches haue bene turned into the Temples of the Turkes as that of Ephesus fouÌ„ded by S. Paul and S. Iohn and that of BoÌ„ne in Barbary wher S. Austin preached c. And further that is said expressely that the Church of God for a long time by reason of the persecution of Antichrist shall retire her selfe into the wildernes as the common glose it selfe doth expound Moreouer the Church is a citie that is to say one vnioÌ„ of Citizens vnder the iust gouernement of Christ Now betweene a citie and a towne there is this difference that the one coÌ„sisteth in walles the other in the vnion of the people gouerned vnder the same lawes therefore the citie of Rome was at Veies with Camillus being a banished man though the towne of Rome was in the hand of the enemie And Themistocles saide that Athens was in shippes which the Romanes had taught the poore Carthagians to their cost when they made their Citie to be caried out of their towne To be short the Popes theÌ„ selues haue maintayned for lxxx yeeres together that the Romish Church had her sea in AuignioÌ„ although they had forsaken Rome Moreouer this argument is common to the Churches Greekes Syrians Armenians Ethiopians c. whom the Pope condemneth in many poynts of doctrine To conclude if euer there were Church that might alledge succession of place it was Ierusalem For of it was said The Lord wil euermore dwel in this Temple Also I haue chosen and sanctified this house to the ende that my name may

by this argument as much or more aucthoritie ouer the Scriptures then it I aske of the indifferentest amongest them who shal iudge but the Scriptures And if they iudge the Scriptures who shall pronounce sentence ouer them If the Easte Churches shall then the Romishe Churche hath loste her Cause If the Church of Rome then thys shall hee in another respecte then of keeping the Scriptures If they saye it bee by their pretended prerogatiue of Saynt Peters Seate it is meete that they prooue it by the Scriptures And therefore marke Peters Sea which doeth take vpon it to iudge the Scriptures beyng yet subiecte to the Scripture it selfe Furthermore I praye euerye man to examine this conclusion The Church of GOD hath kept the Scripture The Church beareth witnesse of the Scripture Ergo shee is aboue the Scripture The edictes of a Prince are registred in all his Countries The lawes are gathered together and written by Clarkes All Contractes and bargaines are subsigned by witnesses And yet for all that he that woulde saye that they were aboue the Kinges aboue the lawes contracts hee shoulde make him selfe a laughing stocke If they say that the Lawes of God haue no place neyther more nor lesse then edictes of some Princes except they be agreeable to the worde of God I answere them that it is not the Church of God that hath this priuiledge for shee is the Spouse of Christ and hath learned to obey her husbande without anye examination of his commaundement and must by and by holde her peace assoone as shee heareth his woord For she knoweth also that the wisedome of her husband whose will is the rule of doctrine is not like that of Princes which it is necessarye to examine whether it bee honest and profitable Ciuile or vnciuile but if they be so stiffe for the obteyning of this priuiledge yet let them agree with mee herein that this is that assemblie which hath lyfted vp it selfe aboue all that is called GOD which fearing to bee discomfited by the Spirite of his mouth woulde therefore moussell and stoppe vp hys mouth all that it might The place of Saynt Augustine which they alledge maketh nothing agaynst that which hath bene sayde before I woulde not sayeth hee beleeue the Gospell vnlesse the aucthoritye of the Church constrained or moued me Ni me Ecclesiae Catholicae commoueret authoritas where it is specially to be noted that according to the style of Affricke Commoueret is taken for commouisset that is to say I had not beleeued the Gospell vnlesse the consent of the vniuersall Church had moued mee thereto hee meaneth not that the holy Ghost had not such a style as myght make it selfe sufficientlye knowen from other wrytings of men For he him selfe instructeth vs in this matter in many places Much lesse meaneth hee that the Church shoulde be aboue the Gospell For it is by the Gospell that hee examineth all the Churches of his tyme but rather that the vniuersall consent of the Churches the which receiued such such bookes for the Gospels of Christ made that he could not doubt but that they were so and that the apostles whose names thei did beare were true authours of them No otherwise then as the consent of manye ages acknowledging such and such bookes to be Ciceroes Hippocrates and Platoes doe assure vs that they were theirs These were his very words against the Manichees themselues who denyed part of the holy scriptures in another place Oh vnhappie enemies saith he of your owne soules What Scriptures shal be had in price if the Euangelicall and Apostolicall bee not Of what booke shall men hold the certaine authour if a man doubt that those holy books which the Church holdeth were of the Apostles shoulde not be theirs Who shall knowe whether the bookes of Plato Hippocrates Aristotle Cicero were theirs vnles it be for that froÌ„ their time euen vnto ours alwayes meÌ„ haue bene perswaded that they came froÌ„ hand to hand c. Like as then I beleeue that the books of Manichee are his because men haue beleeued that they came thence froÌ„ hand to hand so also I beleeue the booke of S. Matth. because eueÌ„ vntil vs the church hath so held The questioÌ„ is not theÌ„ in this place whether the writings of the Apostles haue any voice to determine matters in the church for as we haue already shewed S. Aug. teacheth vs that in a M. places but only whether such and such scriptures were the Apostles yea or no. For the heretikes denied not but that the books of the Apostles had such authority as they must be obeyed but they denyed that they were theirs because that if they had once allowed theÌ„ they knew that they must of necessity rest in them And yet they preteÌ„ded that they were neuer a whitte lesse the church then the Romane church doth For they helde that Manichee the chiefe of their secte was the holy Ghoste him selfe But this was a blasphemie not yet knowen to the most damnablest heretikes that euer were that the holye Scripture was subiect to the Church and that without her as one of the Popes ChaÌ„pions of our time saith it hath no more aucthority theÌ„ Esops fables The Iewes haue taught the Gentiles that the Olde Testament was the worde of God and manye of the Gentiles beleeued it better theÌ„ the Iewes The Gentiles haue kept for the Christians many good and auncient bookes and haue taught them that such and such were the authours of them and yet for all that they haue not giuen anye credyte vnto them The bookeseller will teach vs that such a booke is Hippocrates woorke and yet for all that hee shall not be a physitian as Hippocrates was For it is one thing to beleeue the word of any some man an other thing to be the authour of a booke This is that which was saide long agoe by a great learned man That the Church is true or vndouted but as we say by occasioÌ„ because she beleeueth the trueth of the Scripture but the holye Scripture is simplie true of it selfe For it is the trueth it self There foloweth another argument that the Church is before the Scripture Ergo it is aboue the Scripture When we speake of the Scripture we vnderstand the word of God the which at the first was not written and afterward was written aswell by Gods owne finger as by the pennes of his seruants inspired by his holy spirite as we haue before declared But now I would demaund of them from whence they fetch the beginning of the Church If from the creation of man and before sinne entred immediatly after they were created God gaue them a commaundement that they should not touche the tree of knowledge of good and euill and we must not dispute whether they had authoritie aboue this word for why they hauing disobeyed it all the world from man to beastes sighes and grones for it But will they not

circumcision in the time of the Apostles began that medley in the Christian religion S. Peter himself winking at it S. Paul calleth this to make the Crosse of Christ of none effect S. Augustine in many places calleth it heresie Now from hence it came that the disciples of the circumcision who went to preach the Gospell to many peoples of the East and of the South there reared vp Churches in such sorte that the doctrine of grace was mingled with the lawe the shadowes with the bodie whereof it is that many yet doe hold circumcision with baptisme I speake nothing of the infinite heresies which put vp their heades vnder diuers names making their seuerall factions but of that which then came to passe in the bodies of the most flourishing Churches which afterwardes greatly encreased and multipled On the other side the people which were called from Paganisme to Christ then principally when the Church had some litle rest consequently lesse zeale care and puritie comming out of such a bottomelesse pit of Idolatrie they coulde not altogether forsake their old customes They had builded many beautiful Temples to their Idoles and it seemed a goodly thing vnto them to dedicate them vnto Saints Martyrs In stead of their hunting places they honored the reliques of Saints in place of the Images of Mars of Iupiter of Ianus they tooke pleasure to haue those of S. Paul of S. Peter c. And wheras they had a custome to make for their fathers that died praiers sacrifices lights following the opinioÌ„ of Plato coÌ„cerning purgatorie they willingly coÌ„tinued it least they should fal froÌ„ their humanitie therin only changed the forme The pastors some of them because they were come out from the same Paganisme thought it good other some did beare with it least they shoulde at the beginning goe backe hoping in time vtterly to remoue it from them as S. Paul did the ceremonies of the law from those of the circumcision and to coÌ„uert their zeale humanitie into a better custome Iusomuch that their successors ascribing impudeÌ„tly to much to their predecessors not examining the reason that moued them to beare with these things they coÌ„tinued it of theÌ„selues builded so much vpoÌ„ this rotteÌ„ fundatioÌ„ that superstitioÌ„ came to this that we see it at this day The vanitie of the one part the humane wisdome of the other hath brought vs to this and he that shal wel consider what man is how an old custome that hath but a litle shew may preuaile how much it wil cost the changing he wil easly grauÌ„t that those which haue to bring in a thorow mutatioÌ„ do think to haue gained much wheÌ„ they could bring to passe to change the principal in forsaking as seemed to them certaine accessories as in our time we our selues haue proued not regarding that the deuil knoweth so wel how to husbaÌ„d theÌ„ afterwards whilest we are negligent to water the true plants that in the end they come to be quite stifeled choked By these means errors first entred into the churches of the EthiopiaÌ„s Syrians ArmeniaÌ„s Grekes Russians ScythiaÌ„s c. for the more part But which is more by the selfe same meanes entred Mahomet with his doctrine who about the declining of the Romane Empire found out the controuersies of the Iewes Christans ioyned himself to a Monke of the heresie of Nestorius named Sergeus who coined his Alcoran in such sort that many ChristiaÌ„s of Nestorius heresie partly seeing his force partly because it seemed that he coÌ„sented with them in the essence of Christ they left of to go forward in the true religion the Iewes for the circumcision ceremonies which he left freely vnto theÌ„ and the safetie which he promised them by force of armes receiued him in the beginning as their Messias Beholde then how heresies entred into the christian Church that those so encreased as it easely coÌ„meth to passe alwaies when good decaieth and euil encreaseth that from heresie they came euen vnto infide litie yet notwithstaÌ„ding these Churches were there founded by the Apostles receyued the holy scriptures beleeued saluatioÌ„ in Christ except those which haue cleaued vnto Mahomet which haue lost the name of the Churches haue a successioÌ„ of their bishops patriarks folowiÌ„g in good order haue an ordinary vocatioÌ„ in their ministerie hold a great sort more countries theÌ„ those that haue acknowleged that Pope Now I demaund of the prelats of the Church of Rome whether that these Churches haue erred in the matters which concerne saluation or no. They wil say that they haue erred in the matter of saluatioÌ„ because that they haue reiected Images because they worship not the bread because they communicate vnder both kinds because their ministers marry because they knowe not any thing concerning Purgatorie c. To be short because they doe not only erre in many not able articles as these are but aboue all because they do not acknowledge the domination of their Pope which is to heare themselues speake the principal article that men ought to beleue to the end to be saued It foloweth then by their own coÌ„fession that the Christian Catholike visible Church hath no such priuiledge by the comming of Christ which doth exempt it froÌ„ being deceiued erring yea in that which coÌ„cerneth saluation notwithstanding al that promises and pretended couenants which we haue already mentioned before But if now it do not erre in the matter of saluatioÌ„ then it must needes follow that the Church of Rome it self must erre which hath so long time excoÌ„municated and cut of froÌ„ saluation as much as in her lieth so many peoples nations which haue not erred in the way of saluation and which is more that she is iustly excoÌ„municated by the foresaid Churches for those daÌ„nable doctrines which they condemne in her To this they wil answere vs that these Churches had no such priuiledge as the Church of Rome and that the See of S. Peter hath this prerogatiue being the chiefe amongst the Apostles that it coulde not erre Without entring into the bottome of these goodly preteÌ„ces which shal be gauged in the chapter following it must followe then that those Sees which had so great authoritie as that of Ierusalem which is called the seat of God could not erre That the Church also of Christ being there gathered together had this prerogatiue seeing that Christ the head of the Church there preached accoÌ„plished the worke of saluatioÌ„ Likewise that the Church of Antioch must haue it much more then that of Rome seeing that that was the first See of S. Peter the first Church where the name of a ChristiaÌ„ was heard And yet Ierusalem which crucisted Christ the Christians of Palestina of Antioch of the countries round about in the iudgement of the church of Rome are out of the way of saluation It followeth then that Saint Peters See preteÌ„ted to

be at Rome although it be grauÌ„ted them exempteth it not from error Besides omitting that that S. Peter himself hath erred was reprooued of S. Paul I demauÌ„d if S. Peters See giueth this prerogatiue to the Pope or rather to the Church of Rome If to the Pope Marcel hath sacrificed to the idols of the Painims Liberius was an ArriaÌ„ Anastatius an AcatiaÌ„ Moreouer eche one delighted to abrogate the decrees of his predecessor as Nicolas of Iohn the 22. Gregorie of Pelagius Innocentius of Gregorie and that in matters according to their owne iudgements concerning the faith Syluester the 2. Iohn the 19. Gregorie the 7. witnes all the histories of their times were magicians that is the successors of Simon Magus which was at Rome aswell as they and not of Simon Peter the disciples of Satan not of Christ Iohn the 23. held opinion that there was no life after this whereupon the Council of ConstaÌ„ce called him a deuil incarnate many other were deposed by the Councils not onely in qualitie Heretikes but also Atheists Iohn the 8. also was found to be a womaÌ„ an harlot deluding both the seat al the colledge of Cardinals Briefly they say that the virgin Marie told S. Bridget that the most part of the Popes are in hell and the Cardinal of Ragousia in the time of the great schisme mainteined that the Pope might erre in the faith Cardinal Cusan that he might be an infidel which thing also the Diuines of Paris haue alwayes mainteined It followeth then that this See neyther exempteth them froÌ„ error heresie nor infidelitie but augmenteth vnto them their owne condemnation If the priuiledge be giuen to the Church of Rome I aske them if they teache not that the Church is represented by a generall Councill S. Augustine sayth that one generall Councill is corrected by another and correction presupposeth error Gregorie Nazianzen in whose time many Councils were holden sayth that the Church was then so full of ambition that none was euer seene to returne any whit the better Gerson and Panormitan say that one laye man alleadging the Scripture ought to be preferred before a whole Councill being out of the way Moreouer see the second Councill of Nice which mainteined Images against the CouÌ„cil of CoÌ„stantinople that of Frankford about the selfe same time which threw them downe to the ground See the third Council of Carthage another holdeÌ„ at Carthage it self vnder the Emperor Mauritius which excoÌ„municated him declared him to be Antichrist which should cal himself vniuersall Bishop at the pursute of S. Gregorie himself whereas that of Rome a very litle while after and that same of Trent in our time hath declared the Bishop of Rome to be vniuersal Bishop hath excoÌ„municated al those that wil not so accoÌ„pt of him The CouÌ„cills also of Florence of Basil brideleth the Pope with other Bishops bringeth theÌ„ vnder the Church wheras they of FloreÌ„ce TreÌ„t lift him againe aloft published him to be a God in earth And Pope Pius the second who stuck to the Council of ConstaÌ„ce a litle while after pronounced all them to be heretikes which helde that men might appeale from the Pope to a CouÌ„cil that is to say those present Councils there which were general al those that follow them It followeth then either that trueth is double which neither is nor euer shall be or els that these Councils contrary one to the other haue erred so consequently that the Churche may erre Also that either the Pope is Antichrist or els the Church which hath published such a one that taketh vpon him the title of vniuersall Bishop hath shamefully erred Also either to beleeue that the pope is head of the Churche is not necessary to saluation the which the decretalles allowed of the church of Rome do allowe deliuering it for an article of our faith and the Councill of Trent hath confirmed it or else the Councils which haue denyed him to bee such a one haue erred in the matter of Saluation that is to saye the first generall council of Nice which made him but equall and like to the other patriarkes the Councill of Sardis the Council of Carthage and the vniuersal Church for the space of sixe hundred yeeres To be shorte it must needes be that our aduersaries confesse either that their Church at this day holdeth that for necessary to saluation which is contrary to saluation or els that the auncient Church so long time was ignorant of that which was necessary to saluation that is to say her owne saluation who hath refelled it in a plaine and open council whereof it must followe that the Catholike church may erre in general councils yea and the Romane Church it self notwithstanding the preteÌ„ded See of Peter moreouer that the Romane is coÌ„trary to the auncient church to which we desire at this day to conforme our selues Now if the pope the Romane church haue erred in matters of saluation it followeth then that the Christian visible church may erre that a man may seeke for the reformation thereof But to them which knowe how the councils of our time haue bene holden as that before they haue bene asseÌ„bled the controuersies haue bene concluded at Rome that notwithstanding all the arguments proofs they could make to the contrary they haue passed things by their speciall aucthoritie knowing howe that same holye spirite or rather that spirite of Satan hath bene brought from Rome in a Caskat moreouer seeing they are such that gouerne there that there dispute and conclude it needeth not greatly that men proue that such assemblies may erre but contrariwise it might be found a strange thing if they coulde conclude anye thing without error But now coÌ„trary to these so vrgent and weighty proofs they alledge vnto vs that Iesus Christ prayed that Peters faith might not faile whereupon they conclude with open triumph that the Romish Church can not erre First the matter is of great importance for it is a question concerning a great nomber of articles for which as for articles of faith wee haue bene burned for the space of these fiftie yeres which haue no other foundation but this It must bee therefore that this fundation be fast vndoubtfull if wee will not doe him open wrong who hath taught vs our saluation Adde also hereunto that al the iarre of the Greeke and Easte Churches with the Romish doe depend wholly vpon this point For if it can not erre then they which are contrary to her haue erred greatly But these thinges are farre enough one from the other I haue praied that thy faith should not faile though Satan sift thee the conclusioÌ„ which they draw theÌ„ce the church of Rome caÌ„not erre SecoÌ„dly Iesus Christ prayed for Peter and Peter yet after this prayer denyed him thrise trusting to much in him selfe whereas he should haue

from the vnitie of the Bishop of Rome Also the elders ministers of the Gospell haue the same right office which the priestes of the lawe had in the case of those that were Lepers They remitte then or holde sinnes according as they iudge shewe that they are remitted or holdeÌ„ before god Saint Augustine The Lord calleth the keyes of the kingdome of heauen the knowledge and vertue to discerne those who are worthy to be receyued or else to be shut out of the kingdom Now howsoeuer it semeth at the first sight that he gaue this povver to Peter alone yet vve must acknovvledge vvithout all doubt that he hath giuen it to all the Apostles as it appeareth after his resurrection vvhen he sayth vnto them That vvhich ye remit in earth c. Also It is sayd vnto him I vvill giue thee the keyes as though that povver had bene giuen to him alone but as he ansvvered for al so he likevvise receyued the keyes together vvith all as bearing the person of the vnitie He is named therefore alone for all forasmuch as there vvas vnitie amongst all And therefore Augustines ordinarie maner of speache is that in Peters person the keyes are promised to all and in the person of all them to all the Ministers of the Church Leo the Bishoppe of Rome at the time that this question was handled disputing with the Byshops of Constantinople although in his workes he hath left sufficient shewe of the traces of ambition yet he speaketh not otherwise thereof This povver sayth he of the keyes is likevvise passed ouer to all the Apostles and transferred to all the gouernours of the Church And in that it is particularly recommended vnto Peter it is because the example of Peter is set forth to all the gouernors of the Church In euery place therfore where men iudge according to the equitie of Peter there Peters priuiledge is founde but contrariwise it hath no place where Peters equitie is not found Hitherto then we find not the keyes of power but of knowledge only to wit the ministerie of the Gospell the which is common to al ministers and so likewise are the keyes which are thereto annexed This is that which is repeated by Gratian in the Decretals That Saynt Peter receiued no more povver then the other Apostles and by the chiefest Canonists in the Decretalles themselues That the povver of bynding and loosing in vvhich is founded al the iurisdiction of the Church proceedeth immediatly from Christ not immediatly froÌ„ S. Peter or his successors the which also Cardinal Cusan maintained in the time of the Council of Constance against those which alledged the key of power pretended by the Pope But let vs go yet somwhat farther They holde that the power of bynding and loosing is practised principally in their sacrament of Penance when their priest inioyneth satisfaction and afterwards giueth absolution to those that haue satisfied Nowe I demaund of them whether it be God that forgiueth or the priest that giueth absolution They will saye it is God that forgiueth and that the priest by his worde doth declare it the which the master of the sentences prooueth very wel by many places drawen out of the auncient Fathers in his fourth booke following that which Chrysostom saith that in these things Neither man Angel nor Archangel caÌ„ do any thing And in very deede this is an assured Maxim of Christian religion as he there sayth That none can take avvay sinnes but Iesus Christ alone vvho is the lambe that hath borne the sinnes of the vvorld Now if God be he which bindeth looseth I demaund what more power can remaine in the Pope who doeth neyther the one nor the other And whether we may not come to the conclusion of Marsilius of Padua That the Pope caÌ„release no more neither from the punishment nor froÌ„ the fault then any other poore priest Also If God then exercise his authoritie as Saint Ambrose saith and the priest his knovveledge in doing his office by the key of discretion What shall remaine for the Pope to do vnlesse he will breake in vpon the authoritie of God what key remaines for him not hauing any office to exercise vnlesse it be the key of indiscretion To conclude then the interpretation of this place of S. Marthew according to the force of the wordes the conference of the scriptures the analogie or proportioÌ„ of faith the opinion of the auncieÌ„t Doctors the CanoÌ„s theÌ„selues of the Romish church Iesus Christ is the stone or rather the liuely rocke vpoÌ„ which the Church is founded by the ministery of the Apostles who were no other but master Masons To this church which is one vnder the name of Peter who answered for all the power of the keyes was promised to open the gate of the kingdome of heauen to all those which obey the preaching of the gospel Al they which exercise the ministery of the Gospel haue these keys so farre forth as their ministery extends it cannot be attributed to theÌ„ that do not exercise any whereof it ensueth that it is so farre of that the Pope should haue theÌ„ alone or al the rest froÌ„ him that the poorest priest doing his dutie in his parish hath theÌ„ better theÌ„ he And if because this word was spoken to Peter they wil restraine this place to Peters person I say then that it is rashly done of theÌ„ to extend to all the Bishops of Rome that which was spoken to Peter Or if they wil be yet of this tough opinioÌ„ theÌ„ they must permit that these words Come behinde me Sathan thou art an offence vnto me which follow in the verses next after spokeÌ„ to Pet. alone must be vnderstood of him al his pretended successors wherof must folow this special priuiledge that the successors of Peter none others may become deuils that the Church of Rome is becoÌ„e in ChristeÌ„dome the stone of offence because for taking care for nothing but the great things of the world it hath forsaken those which are of God. They make an argument afterwardes by another place Ioh. 21 it is sayde three times to S. Peter Louest thou me then feede my sheepe Therefore he was vniuersal pastor of the Church If they concluded he is coÌ„maunded to feed therefore he was a pastor of the flocke of Christ the coÌ„clusion were good But that therfore he was an vniuersal pastor or the pastor of pastors there is nothing in the text from wheÌ„ce they may fetch it To feede sayth their owne glose vpon that word is to teach by word by example not to gouerne ouer al the world How it was said to all the Apostles Teach go ye into the whole world Also Euen as my father sent me so send I you Therefore it was said vnto all Feede my sheep S. Paul saith in many places That he is the Apostle of the GeÌ„tiles

and thereupon he addeth Which feedeth the flocke and yet eate not of the milke He was then a pastor thereof and yet noue wil deny but that al the rest were pastors aswel as he To him it was said by the spirit of God Thou shalt be a vvitnesse for me before all men which is a great deale more general Then feede my sheepe and yet notwithstanding none will conclude that the other were but vnder witnesses For our Lorde like wise had saide vniuersally to all You shall be witnesses vnto me euen to the end of the worlde Wherefore then say they are these words here directed to Peter alone Because that as Peter alone had denyed him thrise so likewise he asketh three times whether he loued him for that by his triple deniall he had lost his Apostleship so by that threefolde commaundement his commission was renewed to the ende his companions should neuerthelesse esteeme him for an Apostle This therefore was rather a consolation for his infirmitie then a marke of dignitie Saint Augustine who was otherwise curtous inough found out no other meaning of this place For see what he saith vpon Saint Iohn where he hath playnely expouÌ„ded this place In stead saith he of that threefolde deniall behold a triple confession to the end the tongue should not lesse serue to loue then to feare and that it seemed not that present death drue from him more words then present life that is to saye Christ That this then shoulde be the office of loue to feede the flocke of our Lord seeing that that was the office of feare to haue denied the pastor himselfe What meaneth this then If thou loue me feede my sheepe that is to say Feed not thou thy self but feed my sheepe feed theÌ„ not for thy selfe but for me not for desire to beare dominion but for charities sake to helpe theÌ„ This expositioÌ„ also both Hylarius Cyril haue vpon the same place Also Christ recommended his Lambes to Peter eueÌ„ he which fed Peter himselfe VnderstaÌ„d theÌ„ brethreÌ„ with obedieÌ„ce that you are the sheepe of Christ as all we which heare his vvord Feed my sheepe S. Aug. therefore thought it to be as much spoken vnto him who was B. of BoÌ„ne in Affrike as to the B. of Rome following the admonitioÌ„ of our Sauiour himselfe That vvhich I say vnto one I say vnto al. S. CypriaÌ„ Al are pastors but there is but one flocke vvhich all the Apostles haue fed vvith one vvhole coÌ„sent Also there is but one Bishopprick vvherof euery B. in solidum vvithout separatioÌ„ holdeth his part this is repeted by Gratian in his decretalles in expresse words which some of the schoolemeÌ„ yea the sorbonists theÌ„selues haue expouÌ„ded in these words The priesthood or ministerie is the soule of the Church the vvhich is vvhole in all and vvhole in euery part To be short it cannot be founde for many ages after the death of our Sauiour that this place hath bene alledged by the Bishop of Rome for any strength or povver that he shoulde be acknovvledged pastor of pastours And if they wil in this behalfe beleeue their owne Masse booke behold what they sing euery day It is very meete right healthfull to pray vnto thee at al times O eternall pastor that thou shouldest not forsake thy flocke but shuldest keep it by thy holy Apostles with a coÌ„tinuall protectioÌ„ to the end that it may haue for gouerners guides such as thou hast established vnto it for vicars of thy worke pastures Behold therfore al the Apostles eueÌ„ by their owne Masse it selfe to be rectors pastors and vicars immediately from Christ and immediately established from him And if in Peters owne cause they will be content to haue Saint Peter iudge him selfe The Elders which are among you I beseeche vvhich also am an Elder sayth he Feede the flocke of Christe which is committed vnto you not as hauing lordship ouer the heritages of the Lord but as examples of the flocke And when the chiefe shephearde shall appeare ye shall receiue an incorruptible crowne of glory He that will play the Sophister as they do vpon these words feede the flocke will conclude that Peter hath resigned his Church to theÌ„ But it suffiseth vs that S. Peter calleth not himselfe pastor of pastors but sendes them to the principal pastor who is Iesus Christ our lord And in that some obiect these wordes There shal be one fold and one shepheard applying it to the Pope they doe yet worse The scope of the text sheweth vs that Christ speaketh of the vocation of the Gentiles therevpon S. Gregory in their glose saith That this is spoken because Christ hath ioyned both the Iewe the Gentile in his faith Theophilus because all the sheepe haue but one marke to wit Baptisme but one pasture that is to say the word of God. But see one other place froÌ„ whence they haue not feared to begin to triumphe as if they had gotteÌ„ a sword in their haÌ„d to defeÌ„d this interpretation Iesus Christ drawing neere vnto his passion saith vnto his Apostles When I sent you without bagge or scrip c. lacked you any thing they answered Nothing But nowe he that hath a bagge let him take it and likevvise a scrip he that hath none let him sell his coate and bye a sword For I say vnto you that the same which is written must be fulfilled in me he was reputed vvith the vvicked Then the Apostles saide Behold here two svvords And he said vnto theÌ„ It is inough There is none but clearly seeth by the drift of the text alone that he forewarneth his disciples of the enterprise that should be made against him for which notwithstanding they must not prouide any carnal weapons In meane season see the wandering conclusion which the Popes fetch from thence in their extrauagaunts It is said Behold here tvvo svvords ergo Saint Peter that is to say the Pope and his successours are heades all the worlde thorowe aswell of the Temporall as of the Spirituall This is that goodly decree of Boniface the eight for which king Philip the faire was excommunicated which decree beginneth Vnam sanctam ecclesiam c. that is to say that we must beleeue one holy vniuersall church endeth with this coÌ„clusion we declare say dispute of and determine that for to obtaine saluation it is necessarie to euery creature to be subiect to the Pope of Rome But here is no question of S. Peter for he is not particularly named but of al. Also there is no questioÌ„ of bearing rule but to be persecuted And Iesus Christ him selfe cutteth of all this at one blowe when he made Peter to put vp his sworde into his sheath And yet notwithstanding they haue bene so impudent that they haue enterprised vpon the sight of this place to beare iurisdiction ouer the whole worlde both

of tyrannie That Saint Peter was the first amongst the Apostles eyther it was for his age or for his zeale as Marsilius of Padua sayeth or for his aboundance of grace as sayth Cusan the Cardinall and before him S. Augustine And admitte that he were president in their assemblies what shoulde there followe of this In all companies there is a chieftie of order but that doth not therefore import that there shoulde be a chieftie of power nor any superioritie in respect of the one ouer the other In the empire of Germanie there are seuen Electors The Archbishop of Mentz and the Countie Palatine are the chiefest the one amongst the Ecclesiasticall persons the other of the ciuil Haue they therfore power ouer their fellow Electors to wit ouer the other princes that haue not that degree That is a toye Also there is no wel gouerned assemblie where some one is not president to propound the matters they haue in hande to gather the voyces to pronounce sentence according to them Shall such a one therfore establish and dispose all at his pleasure all the worlde will say contrary Also Peter was president among twelue persons that by the electio of the Apostles and not otherwise Whosoeuer therefore will conclude that it is very good that in all coÌ„panies there be some one to gouerne their actions and to keepe order the conclusion shal be very good But that therfore the Pope as his successour should gouerne ouer all the worlde this should be no more order but the coÌ„fusion of the whole world Moreouer as it hath bin notably disputed long ago against the Pope If S. Peter according to the decree of Anaclet cited by Isiodore was elected president by the Apostles it followeth not that his successour should bee ouer the successors of the Aposties vnlesse he be chosen by their successors themselues For Saint Iohn myght haue had better successours then Saint Peter all which together myght haue had power to choose one to gouerne And these are those personall dignities which descende not from the father to the sonnes and are not tyed to one chaire but depend vpon the common consent of those which haue instituted them according to that which Cardinall Cusan durst well saye that if by consent of the Christian Church the Bishoppe of Treues were chosen president of the Church he shoulde haue farre more ryght then the Bishoppe of Rome who hath it not but through sufferance and that the Bishoppe of Rome should be bound to acknowledge him for such a one and to yeeld him obedience We see then by the Scriptures that S. Peter was neuer ordeyned head of the Church by Iesus Christ that he was neuer taken for such a one also was neuer acknowledged in this qualitie or office by the Apostles as also we finde not that in any one Councill that euer the Pope hath alledged I meane within 500. yeres after Christ Iesus one onely place of scripture wheÌ„ the primacie was builded WhereupoÌ„ we conclude with all antiquitie that the Pope in respect that he is Peters successor cannot be called the Ministeriall heade of the Church that he is equal to all other Bishops that the primacy which he exerciseth is not in any wise founded vpoÌ„ Gods law and consequently that all the articles which are founded thereupon for which as necessarie to saluation the Popes haue brought to confusion all Christendome haue not any foundation in Iesus Christ That the Pope or Bishop of Rome is not the Ministeriall head of the vniuersall Church by any right of mans lavve hovv he hath vsurped this title and povver CHAP. VIII BVt forasmuch as there is question of the succession of Saint Peter hauing seene in what it consisteth let vs see nowe what titles they bring forth to the ende they may be receiued into possession They alledge euery where that S. Peter was at Rome and hereof they conclude at one iumpe that the Pope is head of the Church We might denie that he was at Rome the which they can not proue by the holy Scripture whereof euery one may see what the foundation is of so wayghtie a buylding But contrariwise we finde great coniectures that he was neuer there of which wee were not the first searchers out but the greatest personages that were in many ages before vs Betwixt the death of our Lorde and the death of Nero there were 37. yeres By the holy Scripture it appeareth that Peter was at Hierusalem twentie yeeres after From thence he came to Antioch where Gregorie sayth that he was seuen yeres and Eusebius sayth 25. He that shall beleeue Eusebius he coulde not be martyred vnder Nero though he himselfe saye it For betwixt the passion of Christ the death of Nero there was but thirtie seuen yeeres and by Eusebius accompt there must be at the least xlvi yeeres And if we shall beleeue Gregorie there remaine but ten yeres during which time Peter could be at Rome But forasmuch as Peter and Paul were seene in Ierusalem S. Paul writing a long Epistle to the Romanes woulde he haue abstayned from him if he had bene there then Likewise he saluteth a great nomber of persons without making any mention of him Besides he writeth many Epistles from Rome in some of which a man shal finde some places that necessarily should haue made mention of him And in one place he complayneth that all had forsaken him beyng a prisoner for the Gospel And the 2. Epistle to Timothie was written the same yeere where a little after S. Paul was beheaded by the commandemeÌ„t of Nero. To be short whether S. Peter were at Rome before S. Paul or after If before as their legend sayeth that Saint Paul arriued there after that they two together had such combats agaynst SimoÌ„ Magus whence commeth it that Saint Paul did not salute him in his Epistle to the Romanes Whence also commeth it that he maketh no mention of him in the other Epistles and which is more whence commeth it and howe can that accorde to that which S. Luke sayeth in the Actes That the Iewes sayd vnto Paul that they had vnderstoode nothing of him and they desire him to declare vnto them his opinion of that sect agaynst which euery man spake Is this credible vnto any that S. Peter who came thither before and was the Minister of Circumcision that he had taught them nothing of him Also whence commeth it that S. Paul who is wont diligently else where to rehearse their meetings as when they mette at Antioch maketh no mention of this meeting being in one of the most famous Cities in the worlde Nowe if Saint Peter came thither after Saint Paul besides that it is a great maruell that no mention is made thereof yet then the legende is false whereupon the primacie is founded and as it is false in one poynt so it may be in another Moreouer the Legende

sayeth that they were beheaded both together and the Canon sayeth the same yere in the same daye and at the same hower Eusebius sayeth that the one was beheaded and the other was crucified and Linus who hath written the suffering of Saint Paul he I saye whome they holde to haue bene the next that succeeded Saint Peter hath made no mention of Saint Peters suffering One sayeth that Linus was his successour another that it was Clemens To be short they are not yet agreed neyther of the tyme of his comming nor of the tyme of his death nor of the maner thereof nor of his successour nor of any thing And yet for all that they are so impudent that they will drawe all staye of the Christian faith vnto the faith of a lying legende Nowe agaynst these proofes they can alledge but one place of Scripture whereof they may be ashamed to witte that which is in the later ende of the first Epistle of S. Peter The Church which is in Babylon saluteth you I wyll not denye vnto them that Eusebius and Beda and Saint Hierome hath interpreted the date of this letter to be from Rome but I do rather willingly accept that which they confesse that they are not able to aucthorize the See of Rome by the scripture otherwise theÌ„ by acknowledging it to be called Babylon euen by their pretended founder himself Now if they wil alledge vnto me that this is a common receyued opinion that S. Peter was at Rome besides the diuersities that we haue noted before I answere that the question is not of the opinion but of an article of faith vpon which they would buyld many others of like sort That S. Hierome a Romane elder expouÌ„ding this place Beholde I haue sent you Prophets wise men and Scribes c alledgeth for example Saint Stephen stoned and S. Peter crucified by the Iewes to be short that the popedome then is founded vpon opinion and not vpon a certaine and an vndoubted faith But granting that opinion that he was there for I will not now debate the matter to shewe the vncertaintie of that which they pretende to be most certayne I demaunde whether he were there in the state of a Bishop or of an Apostle If as Bishop or elder for then we know that both these were one they were bounde euery one to their owne citie or towne and to his owne Church as may appeare by the Actes in the Epistle to Titus and therefore the Bishop of Rome could not pretende any aucthoritie ouer others for none could transferre that right which he had Againe why shoulde they not rather haue chosen Paul for their Bishop seeing that it appeareth by the holy scripture that he had preached there a long tyme Moreouer what will they answere to the Bishoppe of Antioch who is more clearely founded in the scripture then the Bishop of Rome that is to say euen in the expresse text of the Scripture for alledging that goodly reuelation of translating Peters See froÌ„ Antioch to Rome which is read in Gratians decretal they shal be derided as for an idle dreame And what will they answere to S. Gregorie himselfe who sayth that the Bishops of Alexandria and of Antioch are aswell Peters successors as he of Rome that they sitte in Peters chaire If as an Apostle we knowe that the charge of the Apostleshippe was not tyed to any citie towne or prouince no nor to any one nation but was extended throughout the whole world and if they will haue it any maner of way limited this must be by the spirite of God who had appointed Peters Apostleship amoÌ„gst the Iewes and Pauls amongst the Gentiles sending the one sayth S. Hierome to the Gentiles and placing the other by the singular prouidence of God in Iurie Whereupon it wil folowe then that by the same right all places where Peter hath preached shall haue a primacie that is to say there shal be primacies and popedomes without nomber and so consequently not one alone Also that the succession of Rome ought rather to be taken of Paul then of Peter for Rome is of the Gentiles Also that all the places spoken of Peter are yll alledged by them forasmuch as the succession is not drawen froÌ„ him This is beside For Cardinall Cusan maintayneth vnto them that all Bishops are equally of S. Peter whereof it foloweth that they haue all the priuiledge of his See that as one may erre so likewise may another If they say that S. Peter hath fouÌ„ded the Church of Rome that is false for long time before that they say it should be fouÌ„ded by him S. Paul wrote vnto them that the renowme of their faith was spread throughout the whole worlde Nowe if it be in respect onely that Peter there dyed they say that so did Paul also who went thither by the expresse commandement of God I say that S. Ierome writeth that he was crucified in Iudea to be short I say that the Apostle S. Iohn who liued longer then all the Apostles thirtie yeeres at the least after S. Peter according to their own reconing and who wrote the last of all sayth rather that Christ foretolde Peter that he should be glorified by his death but he maketh no mention of the place where he shoulde thereby glorifie the Pope which without doubt hee would not haue concealed for the benefite and saluation of all the worlde if the state of the Church had depended vpon this supremacie But I demaund farther who caÌ„ vauÌ„t to be Peters heire whether the Church of Rome or the Pope If the church of Rome as it semeth the Pope Calixte gaue place to it then there is no more questioÌ„ of a Pope nor of one man alone nor of one personall succession For the Church is a body a body dieth not but successiuely in his parts there needeth no successor to him that dyeth not If it be the Pope then ought not the Church of Rome any more to say that she is the head of the Church neither that shee say any more as the schole of Sorbonistes noth That Peters chaire is for the Church and not the Churche for Peters chayre For she is but a part of the succession And if this come to passe I demaund what shal become of the Church and of the Ministerie of the same when the head thereof shall become an heretike and an Atheist when there shal be a Schisme of thirtie or fourty yeeres continuance without a Pope as often hath bene seene when Ioan shall be in Peters place c. But before they answere vs they must make voyde this broyle amongst themselues and if it please God before they agree therein their pretended succession must fall to the ground Nowe albeit we coulde reiect all in one worde beyng not grounded vpon any one worde of Gods lawe yet it shal be good to see from

murtherer Phocas declared the Bishop of Rome to be head of al churches Platine saith plainly that it was in consideration that Rome was the auncient seate of the Empire whereon Constantinople was but the pillar as others say propter principalitatem vrbis for the principalitie of the Citie Beholde then that the pretended primacie of Rome neyther proceeded from the ordinance of Christ nor from the priuiledge of Peter but from Romulus and his successors who there erected an Empire Non inquam a Petra neque a Petro sed a Saxo Tarpeio I say neither from the rocke nor from Peter but from the rocke of Tarpeius whereupon Rome was builded the which their owne Canonists confesse seeing trueth giueth them hell for theyr rewardes Quod omnis maioritas minoritas etiam Papatus est de iure positiuo that is to say That all degrees both small and great yea the popedome it selfe they are from the positiue lavve and of mans ordinance I knowe very well that they haue a decree of Pope Innocentius which sayth that it is not necessary to change the ecclesiasticall preheminence according to the Ciuill but this forsooth was at such a time when the good man himselfe feared least the Empire shoulde withdrawe all the honor into the East and he thought it expedient which thing also his successors did very well knowe and finde to builde their greatnes glory of the ruines of the Westerne Empire And againe the decree of one man is not to be preferred before so many Councils seeing that as some of them haue said the decretals haue no authoritie by the meere will of the Pope that is to say absolutely but only so farre foorth as they are agreeable to the Canons of the Councils If they wyll yet alledge vnto me that the constitutions policies of the Church of Rome haue bin receiued by many other Churches I wyll answere them no otherwise then was answered by those professors of diuinitie in Paris three hundred yeeres passed when there was controuersies betweene our kings the Pope by Marsilius of Padua about the same time the Pope making warre vpon the Emperors of Germany which gaue boldnesse to the trueth to speake freely to witte that in the beginning men might be gouerned after it because learning there florished no otherwise then as the vniuersitie of Orleans or of Anger 's oftentimes conforme themselues to that of Paris as also the Romanes borrowed in deede their lawes from the twelue tables of the Grekes And yet by vertue thereof the Grekes shoulde not well ground to pretend themselues superiors to the Romanes and likewise the Romanes if therefore they should pretend to be superiors ouer other Bishops Nowe concerning the name Pope which is giuen vnto him they that haue read know that it was common not onely to al Bishops but also euen to elders in all the auncient Church He that wil see this matter more plaine let him reade the Epistles of Saint Cyprian of Saint Denis of Alexandria lib. 2. epist. 6.25 c. of Saint Augustine of Saint Hierome of Sidonius Apollinaris of Saint Gregorie himselfe and the actes of the Councils where men may finde them full And in deede the Greekes call theyr Priests at this day Papous and the Germaines Pfaff which they that vnderstand the tongue doe deriue from this name Papa which after Suidas signifieth Father in the language of the Sicilians Now concerning the name Pontifex Irenee called Saint Iohn the high Bishop and Athanasius calleth all the Bishops by that name and Ruffinus calleth Athanasius the great Bishop and he that will reade the auncient Fathers shall finde nothyng more often then this Nowe if they will alleadge their Cardinals they shall not finde one worde of them in the olde Church vnlesse in this signification the Cardinall Priest that is to say a Bishop or rather the Curate of some parish of the Bishoprick as in very deede all are at this day eyther Curates or Deacons of some one or other parish of Rome And in deede in the Councils they were set last as in the sixt Councill of Carthage and in the Councill of Gregory Whatsoeuer it is thei can say of it it is certaine that Innocent the fourth about the yeere of our Lorde 1244. gaue vnto them the priuiledge of the red hatte and scarlet robe and to ride on horsebacke and in the yeere 1470. Paul the seconde confirmed it and Clemens the fift is gone so farre in his Clementines that he causeth them to goe before all the princes of the earth These inuentions then were not found in the florishing state of the Church but after that it became subiect to the ambition of one man alone We haue then founde that the Pope of Rome hath beene declared head of the Church a litle after 600 yeeres not by the tradition of Christ or of his Apostles but by the treason of Phocas not by any Councill of the Church but by the conspiracy of a seruant against his master who to reconcile himselfe with the people of Rome ordained his Bishop with that title which Gregorie his predecessor had lefte for Antichrist and the Pope on the other side proclaimed him selfe Emperour in steade of Mauritius whom he had slaine This goodly ordinance of Phocas was confirmed by a pettie Councill which Boniface caused to be holden at Rome when there were none present but the Latines who desired no better And afterwardes by another holden in Affrike in the yeere 642. when the Arabians were turmoiled with many inuasions whereupon they began to inscribe the letters of Pope Theodorus To the holy father of fathers and soueraigne prince of prelates c. and so we see by histories from degree to degree howe this monster hath growen euen to full height froÌ„ which he must tumble downe headlong The Emperours of Grece who were then as banisht out of Italy to keepe the Italians in obedience they left vnto them the handling of their affaires in such sort notwithstanding that they were constrained to confirme their election by the Emperour and to date their wrytinges according to the indiction and yeere of their Empyre But euen as the Emperors grewe weake by the enterprises of the Persians in the Easte so grewe the Pope strong in the West so as about the yeere 680. Pope Benedict the second caused himselfe to be exempted from all the imperiall iurisdiction by Constantine the fourth called the Bearded About that time beganne great strifes in the Greke and Latine Church about Images whereupon encreased superstition together with ignorance The Grekes were of minde to throw theÌ„ down the Pope in despite of them woulde holde them vp This strife much encreased his might for vnder the shadowe hereof he excommunicated Leo Isauricus called Chassimage of breaking Images and forbade all the people of Italy vpon paine of excommunication to pay him any impost that is to say he

chased the Emperour to Constantinople and setteth himselfe in full libertie of all that quarter And in deede then ceassed the Exarchates that is Dukedomes so called that had endured sixe hundred yeeres that were as the lieutenants of the Emperor in a part of Italy The Emperors of Constantinople driuen away the Lombards thereupoÌ„ did inuade the kingdome of Italie The Pope more feared them then those whom he had driuen away because that they were his more nie neighbours At that time there gouerned in Fraunce the race of Martel very desirous to aspire The Pope therefore putteth himselfe into the protection of the Frenchmen against the Lombards and Pepin the sonne of Martel he passeth into Italie with the powers of France who vanquisheth them The issue was that Pope Zacharie in recoÌ„pence dispenseth with the Frenchmen for theyr othe made to theyr natural prince Chilperick who left the gouernement to the Martels more subtil then himselfe and crowned Pepin chiefe of the palaces of the king of France forbidding the princes and people of France vpon paine of excommunication to choose any other then of Pepins race Contrariwise Pepin giueth vnto him the dukedome or lieutenantship of Rauenna Pentapolis which contained 29. Cities onely reseruing vnto himself the soueraigntie and the power to choose the Popes the which lawes were afterwardes released by Lewys the sonne of Charles the great although that some Emperours put them in practise afterwards as the histories are ful thereof And so likewise behold him the head of the spiritualtie because he mainteyned the murtherer of his master and temporall Lord because he crowned a subiect in the place of his natural prince this beginning of the temporaltie grewe vp by the controuersies of the houses of Aniou and Arragon in Italie and afterwardes of the Emperours of Germanie and of the kings of Fraunce till it came to that state wherein we nowe see it in these last times This was after the time that the key of knowledge which Christ promised to S. Peter was changed into the key of power the ecclesiastical censure was employed to excoÌ„municate all princes peoples kingdomes which would not obey them vntill they had left them for a pray and cut them of from saluatioÌ„ without acception of any persons This was in that time that these gaye interpretations were bred That all povver vvas giuen to Christ by the father asvvel in heauen as in earth Therefore the Pope absolutely commandeth both one other Also God translateth kingdomes from one nation to another Ergo the Pope hath power to establish and to put downe as it seemeth good vnto him whereupon Kings and Emperours of blinde zeale began to kisse his feete both present and by their letters and to hold his stirrop This was in that time also that Pope Boniface the eighth caused this to passe as an article of faith That the Pope is soueraigne both of the spiritualtie and temporaltie shewing himselfe in a Iubilie with a key in one hand and a sword in another that Pope Clement the fift his successour not content to commaunde Kinges and Emperours tooke vpon him by an expresse Bull to coÌ„maunde Angels that they should execute his will. To be short one hath concluded and decided at Rota that is to say in the Parliament of Popes at Rome that God holdeth for wel done all that is done of the Pope that his will is the rule of all right and righteousnes that he can absolutely do in this world all that God can do seeing he is all and aboue all thinges That if he change his purpose it is to be presumed that God changeth his that when he sendeth thousands of his brethren to hell none may therein reproue him that his power extendeth it selfe to heauen and earth yea and to hell that none maye appeale from him to God that he may ordeine against the epistles of Saint Paul as greater then Saint Paul and against the old Testament as greater then any authors thereof And yet one man hath gone further for one hath disputed whether he may ordeine any thing contrary to the Gospell Whether he haue not yet more power then S. Peter Whether he were simplie a man or as god To be short the deuil hath passed so far in this mysterie of iniquitie that one disputed in the schooles a litle before Luther came and somewhat after whether the Pope participated not with both natures the diuine humane with Iesus Christ And what could the deuil say more if he had come in the flesh to haue destroyed the Church And yet notwithstanding the people do worship this monster the princes of the earth do clap their hands at him destroy their kingdomes to serue his lust sacrifice yet euery day their poore subiects for a sacrifice of a sweete smelling sauor at his feete Who would haue beleeued this except the Spirite of God had foretold it and who will beleeue it after vs when the selfe same spirite shall haue destroyed him But which is more marueilous when the power of the bishop of Rome was intolerable he neuer durst alledge in the councills and in the face of the old Church one only text of Scripture to grouÌ„d his supremacy on And now that it is so much beyond the bounds that it spurneth the earth vnder feete thereof that it threatneth heauen that it aduaunceth it selfe so farre that it may be aboue God himselfe they are so impudent and so shamelesse but so she must be that is an harlot that they alledge S. Peters See and the word of God and the keyes which were promised to him as though there were no more eyes in the world to reade nor sense in men to iudge Let them not therefore ground their tyrannie vpon this Dabo tibi I wil giue thee which Iesus Christ spake to S. Peter For betwene the kingdome of Christ and the tyrannie of the Pope there is no likenes or agreement But rather if they wil ground themselues vpon some text of Scripture let them alledge that Tibi dabo I will giue thee which sathan vsed to Iesus Christ I wil giue thee saith hee all the kingdomes which thou seest if thou vvilt worship mee That is for worshipping the deuil they haue that they haue and not for any other title they can alledge But I suppose that nowe with the licence of all the Readers I maye conclude by these proofes conteyned in these two chapiters that which followeth That the essentiall head of the Catholique Church is Iesus Christ our Lord That vnder him all the Apostles were equal in dignitie and power That after them the bishops are equall amongst themselues euery one in his Ministerie occupieth the place of Christ That none may be the Ministeriall head of the Church That the Pope of Rome can pretend this title neither by Gods law nor mans That the first roume that he had was by reason of

thereupon alwayes after Agaynst this open Apostasie then all the Churches of Greece Dace Illyricum c. did oppose themselues euen to the accusing of Pope Symmachus before Theodoricus the king of the Gothes for that he vaunted himselfe not to be subiect to the reprehension of any Spayne and Englande also were a long time without receyuing the legates of Rome One Claudius Byshop of Thurine in the time of Charles the great wrote very learnedly agaynst the Popes Supremacie and agaynst his doctrine yea about the reygne of Hugh Capet there was a Councill helde at Rheims which denyed vnto him al obedience and pronounced him to bee Antichrist But finally as it was bredde of the superfluous and euill humoures of the Church so it was skilfull to nourishe it selfe of the factions enmities and diuisions of Christendome that one in despite of other haue suffered all to goe to wracke Nowe if wee shall reade that which Saynt Bernard wrote of the state of the Church in his time about the yere of our Lorde 1140. aswell in his Epistles as in his bookes of considerations to Pope Eugenius they are nothing but lamentations of the ruine of the Church like to those of Ieremie of the Church vnder the captiuitie of Babylon or thundringes against the tyranny of Antichrist who shewed him selfe in his time He sayeth That the Popes Court is a parke of deuils That they vsurpe an vnlawfull and an intolerable authoritie That there was not any more shewe of Peters succession That the Bishops of his time were marchantes enriched with the riches of the vvhore That in steade of keeping the spouse of Christ they made port sale of her and prostituted and layde her open to all the lechers of the world to commit fornication vvith her And a litle after hauing sayde vpon the 91. Psalme That Antichrist shall haue his seat in the South part he addeth What differeth then the estate of our Church from that same pestileÌ„t estate which walketh in darkenes What differeth it more from the seate of Antichrist Therefore yours sayth he is in very deede the state of Antichrist He made three expresse Satyres agaynst the Pope court of Rome and he that would alledge al that is writteÌ„ to that end he must here put in his whole bookes Nowe after the manifest Apostasie and falling awaye of the popedome the Church of Rome hath not brought forth so excellent a man as he was Frauncis Petrarch the Archdeacon of Parma and a Chanon of Padua lyued about the yeere 1350. whom we may call in al kinde of good learning The light of his age But I wil not say howe he decifreth out the court of Rome in his Sonets vnder the name of BabyloÌ„ calling it whore the schoole of error and the Temple of heresie for some will saye that much is permitted to poetrie but I beseeche the readers to reade his latine Epistles which are full of grauitie zeale and doctrine He sayth there in plaine termes That in the Pope and his shauelings there is neyther fayth godlinesse nor trueth That the Popes chaire is the chaire of lying That this is a falling awaye of a people which vnder the banner of Christ rebell against Christe and fight for Satan That they esteeme the Gospel but for fables and the promises of the life to come for dreames He compareth the Pope to Iudas who betrayed Iesus Christe with a kisse and his clergie to the Iewes which sayd vnto him Aue Rex IudaeoruÌ„ Al haile king of the Iewes his prelates to the Pharisies who in mockerye clothed him with purple and afterwardes crucified him in the mouÌ„t of Caluery And after he sayth Denie it nowe if thou canst that thou art she which the holy Euangelist Iohn sawe in the spirit set downe vpoÌ„ the great waters Thou art none other that Babylon the mother of the whoredomes of the earth Thou art drunken vvith the bloud of the Martyrs of Iesus Thou art she vvhich hast made all the kings of the earth druÌ„ken vvith the Cuppe of thy poyson If thou deny it shew vs some other to vvhom these thinges maye better agree If thou canst not then vvayte for that to fall vpoÌ„ thine ovvne head vvhich Iohn the EuaÌ„gelist addeth a litle after She is fallen Babylon the great and is made an habitation of deuils c. But what do I say Wayt for it Yea thou hast it already For hovv much better is the sonne of perdition then the deuill Thou art in very deed a kingdome of deuils vvhich reigne in the midst of thee in mans shape And in another place Let it not my friend euer grieue thee to returne from these princes of darkenesse And in deede vvhat vvouldest thou see in the Court of Rome Christ in exile Antichrist reigning in his stead Beelzebub the iudge Woolues let loose The Lambes in the stockes Ah good God vvho shall deliuer the vvorlde from this oppression Who shall gather together the sheepe Who shall vanquishe these vvicked Pastors Shall there neuer be a limitation and end of this intolerable mischiefe Now when there was such that durst crye so lowde wee may be sure that there were many more that lamented in their heartes To be short the most notable spirits that the worlde brought forth in the most ignorant ages and in the greatest thicknes of darkenes they perceyued this some more clerely and others as it were through a clowde vnlesse it were some such as ambition and glorie of the worlde had blynded Insomuch that when abomination was come to his full toppe God raysed vp Iohn Hus Hierome of Prage Wickliefe Luther and others which haue so lowdly published and proclaymed it that all the worlde doth vnderstaÌ„d it And what will we more With leaue of those good Fathers of the Councill not long agoe holden at Trent we may make this Syllogisme Whosoeuer wil be called the vniuersal Bishop he is the forerunner of Antichrist the father of the sonne of pryde and a very Lucifer saith Saint Gregory the Pope and principall Doctor of the Church of Rome But Boniface the thirde his successour tooke this title they which followed him haue continued it and haue encreased it more more And the Councill of Trent excommunicateth all those that will not acknowledge him for vniuersall Byshop Ergo the Pope is Antichrist and al they are holden for excommunicate by the Councill of Trent that doe not acknowledge him for Antichrist Yea but the clergie of Rome wil say If the Pope were the Antichrist whereof the Church was before threatned we which are the Church shoulde haue knowen him Contrarywise I say vnto you that if you had knowen him for Antichrist he had not bene Antichrist This is that which the Pharises saide when Christ came If this were Christ who shoulde knowe him better then we We haue the Church we haue the Scriptures we are the interpreters therof We are the eyes of the people It cannot escape vs

haue cut vs quite of from the Church of Rome haue proceeded agaynst vs by fire and fagot by the sworde by warres by massacres cruell murthers Finally we see that they will giue no place to our worde that they will not giue vs audience in a Council that they excoÌ„municate chase vs from the Church of Rome Therfore following the example of the Apostles when they were excoÌ„municated from the Iewish synagogue for hauing preached Christ we haue begun to gather our selues together to serue the Lord first secretly in corners afterwardes more freely neither can we communicate with those Idolatries brought in by Antichrist nor at the first dash driue him from his seat for that the Princes of the earth with their power vpholde him therefore we are enforced to deliuer our selues all those that wil hearken vnto vs from his seruitude bondage Nowe I aske what our aduersaries can finde fault with in this our doyng either in the matter it selfe or in the maner of our proceeding If they looke vpon the matter we separaÌ„t our selues not for light matters but for manifest idolatrie for making voyd the crosse of Christ for perditioÌ„ which reigneth in the place of saluatioÌ„ To be short we withdraw our selues from this prince of coÌ„fusion who is reuolted back against our lord And we report vs euen to their own iudgement whether they thinke it not lawful to separate our selues froÌ„ the coÌ„munion of Antichrist sitting in the chayre of Iesus Christ For if euery one wynke therat who shal discouer him and if euery one cleaue vnto him who shal chase him away and if all the world hold their peace where is the spirit of the mouth of the Lord which shal destroy him Nowe if they shall deny that he is Antichrist we wil submit our selues to proue it then there is no questioÌ„ of our separation but of our doctrine If they will reproue vs for the maner of our proceeding therein condemning vs they condemne the Apostles who hauing ouerrunne all Israel ran into a thousande dangers to the end they might make Christ to be receyued into his owne house in the middest of the temple finally perceyuing theÌ„selues to be stopped euery way by open force by excoÌ„munications imprisonments c. they receyued him secretely into their priuate houses and did preach him in smal assemblies till at last they brought all the worlde into his subiection But notwithstanding this they crie out that wee haue broken the Communion of the Church that we haue set altar agaynst altar that we are Schismatikes c. which were the outcries of the Pharises against the Apostles You violate the Temple the altar the lawe c. And hereupon kings and nations haue armed themselues on all sides against vs This therefore is the thing that we must presently make answere vnto First the Communion of the Church doeth not consist in a locall vnion neyther the separation in remouing of places For there are a great many without if we looke to the place who yet are within according to charitie and many againe in place that yet if we consider faith are without but the true Christian Communion consisteth in the vnion of faith and in the vnion of charitie which S. Augustine calleth the nerenesse or rather the neyghbourhoode and dwelling together as I may say of hearts and agreement in doctrine and the true separation in the diuersitie or contrarietis of the selfe same things Nowe concerning the vnion of faith it consisteth in that heauenly doctrine which is comprehended vnto vs in the olde and new Testament tending onely to this poynt to make vs feele our sinne and to shewe vs a remedie therfore in one onely Iesus Christ crucified And this is that for which according to the example of all the auncient seruants of God we suffer and are killed and for withdrawing our selues from vnder the yoke of Antichrist that shamefully treadeth it vnder his feete we are persecuted excommunicated and murthered We are therefore vnited in the faith with the Patriarkes Prophetes Apostles Martyrs auncient Doctors and generally with the whole Church that was before the lawe vnder the lawe and vnder Grace yea and vnder the tyrannie of Antichrist If they will denie it we wil submitte our selues to proue it There is not therefore any more question to cauill at our separation which is nothing else but as an escape to the ende to resort to true doctrine and if they confesse it denying vs to be vnited with them they confesse then that they are not vnited with the ancient fathers and therfore they ought not to thinke it straunge that we renounce the communion of the Papacie Concerning the Communion of charitie or loue which consisteth in suffering and bearing the euilles one of another in not lightly condemning one another we holde all them for the true members of Christ which worship one God in spirit in trueth and hope for their saluatioÌ„ in one Iesus Christ alone the sonne of God come in the fleshe and crucified for the sinnes of the worlde which is the foundation of saluation to all men We desire all vnion and agreement with them in whatsoeuer countries and regions they are and whatsoeuer corruptions may be yet remaining amoÌ„gst them not onely in maner but also in certayne poyntes of doctrine bewayling the bodyly seruitude which they endure and praying the Father of lyght that it wyll please him to enlighten them more more by his holy spirit Contrary wise euery maÌ„ knoweth that the Popes Consistorie hath excoÌ„municated al the East Churches 600 yeres agone only for this that they would not submit themselues to the Bishoppe of Rome which is an article that concerneth only but his ambition and that the Pope hath left them to be inuaded of the Turke in despite whereof they had rather endure all extremitie then to acknowledge him to be head of the Church And concerning the vnion of charitie amongst them which yet cleaue to the Pope there is nothing more deare vnto them then their own liues we haue bene put to the fire water sword for opening the trueth vnto them praying God euery day that he wil enlighten them by his spirit On the other side the Romish Consistory doth pursue vs by al meanes to death and that by the space of these three score yeeres and more and so many people continually groning for a free generall Council they haue not had onely so much charitie as to grant vs eyther generall or nationall to deliuer vs from the error they pretend vs to be in answering for al that to so many princes who haue iudged it necessary That these matters are already decided and ought not any more to come in question this is euery way a friuolous answere as wee haue shewed before But I demaunde what Parliament is it yea euen amongst the heathen so barbarous and so farre from humanitie

in the olde Church euen by the testimony of Paynims Finally by the coÌ„sent of al the people they lay their hands vpon theÌ„ they giue theÌ„ aucthoritie to preach which is the only ceremonie that the Apostles vsed by imitation of the Church of the Iewes after which they began to administer the word sacraments in the Church This is that the auncient Canons saye That the minister of the Church must be ordeined by the election of the Clergie by the consent of the people That a Bishop should not be chosen vvithout a nomber of bishops c. At the request of the Clergie that is to say of the elders vvith the consent of the people Againe that they which are come to a bishopricke by mony or fauour they should not be holden for Bishops neyther haue any right to ordeyne others Nowe wee report our selues to the church of Rome it selfe who are more canonically elected they or we whether these canons haue not bene altogether contemned amongst them for the space of more then these 800. yeres If the questioÌ„ be of bishops either ordeyning or ordeyned they come to their Byshoprickes eyther through fauor of the princes court or else by the subtilties of the court of Rome or by paying of mony And there be who are made bishops for the seruice of theyr predecessors before they were borne at that time when it was doubtful whether they should be male or female man or womaÌ„ The thing it self speaketh euery man seeth it knoweth it before I can speake of it If of the examination which is made by this a maÌ„ may iudge what it is like to be wheÌ„ he seeth a great part of the bishops of the church of Rome that know not whether their Masse be in Greke or Latine their liues are so knoweÌ„ I touch not those few that behaue theÌ„selues better that theyr Cardinals chosen in the time of Pope Paul the thyrd for a reformation confesse in theyr articles that for theyr wicked liues and horrible outrages the name of God was blasphemed throughout all nations If of the consent of the people which S. Cyprian so much requireth which we see so wel put in practise in the person of Eradius that was S. Augustines successor they present their bishops to the people not to haue their consent to approue theÌ„ but to cause theÌ„ to worship them for fashion sake only and not altogether in good earnest Now if we come to the simple priestes the ignorant bishops do yet make them of the most ignorant and of the most vitious worse then themselues so that the time whereof the Prophet complayneth hath endured a long time in the Church that whosoeuer would might consecrate his hand We ministers therefore at this day haue the same succession that their bishops had For from the first that reformed the Churches no man could take it away vnto this they haue further added the continuall successioÌ„ of the true doctrine But their vocation is farre better and more canonical for besides that they were ordeined by those that the church of Rome had ordeined they are ordeined according to the example of the Apostles and auncient canons which Antichrist and his mainteyners haue vtterly disanulled wheras examining the election of the Romish bishops you shal haue much a do to find one that may rightly be called a bishop Against this which hath bene said nothing can be alledged vnlesse it be that these first reformers of the Church Iohn Hus Luther Zwinglius Decolompadius others from whom ours are desceÌ„ded they were not bishops but onely priestes doctors To this we answere That a Minister a Bishop in the primitiue Church were al one and that if there be any difference at this day in their titles and myters yet that in their essentiall dignitie they differ not a whitte S. Paule sayeth to Titus I left thee in Candie to the end thou shouldest ordeyne elders in euery citie And afterwards willing to shew him howe he shoulde gouerne there he addeth For it behoueth that a Bishop be faultlesse c. Also it is sayd in the Actes That he sent to seeke the Elders or Seniors of Ephesus But marke the waighty exhortation he maketh to them Take heede sayth he to your selues to the vvhole flock ouer vvhich the holy Ghost hath made you Bishoppes or ouerseers In the Epistle to the Philippians he saluteth the Deacons and Bishoppes of that citie that is to saye the auncients S. Peter also exhorting the Bishops or elders Feede saith he the flock vvhich is committed vnto you hauing an eye ouer them as Bishoppes or ouerseers c. And in deede where Saint Paul rekoneth vp the names of all the degrees in the Church he maketh no mention of bishops but onely of pastors and doctors to the elders it is said Feede teach doe the duetie of Bishops It is then most apparent that elders whome you call priests Bishops were all one And Ireneus also calleth Anicetus Pius Hyginus Bishops of Rome no otherwise then by the name elders This is that S. Hierom saith in a certayne Epistle handling this matter Among our ancients Bishop elder vvere both one but the one is the name of age the other of office or dignitie as the Apostle hath plainly shevved vs. And in another place Before one sayd I hold of Cephas I of Apollo c. all things vvere gouerned in the Church by the coÌ„mon aduise of the Seniors or elders Aftervvardes to auoyde Schismes aduise vvas giuen that one should be chosen aboue others But as on the one side the elders are subiect vnto him so on the other side they must knovv in that that he is aboue the elders it is by custome and not by the Lords ordinaÌ„ce S. Ambrose expouÌ„ding the 4. of the Ephe. where the degrees of the Church are largely handled The Bishops sayeth he vvere called at the first Elders vvherupon one succeeded another c. And vpon Timoth. A Bishop is none other but a chief elder S. Gregory in his epistles calleth the Bishops Elders Cardinalles that is to saye the chiefe and Iustinian the Emperour in his Deconomical lawes calleth them Reuerende because they differ nothing from Elders in their essential dignitie but only in this that they kept the first place in the administratioÌ„ of Gods seruice that is to saye in order and Ceremonie Gratian in his decretals saith plainly That the superioritie of the Bishop and the distribution of his dioces is from mans lavve not from the institution of the Apostles Peter Lombarde repeateth it in the same wordes And M. Iohn of Paris a doctor of the Sorbonists of the order of Iacobins in his booke of the kingly papal power which the whole facultie of diuinitie approued at that time goeth further For concerning the essentiall

Diuinitie in one Tombe Notwithstanding after that the diuel had cast out his fire against the Apostles and disciples of Christ that he had raysed against them infinite persecutions it must needes be in the end that he yelde himselfe that al the earth acknowledge their lord Let the earth therefore do what it will the word of God endureth for euer And it must be that Antichrist perish be discomfited by the breath of the mouth of Christ that he be abolished by the brightnesse of his comming All kings and al the earth can do nothing against this determination But I beseech the Almightie that it will please him to inspire into the heartes of all Kings and peoples a true desire of knowing the trueth to search for their saluation a true zeale to bring Christendome againe to true vnitie vnder the obedience of Christ a true affâ—â—â—â— on to reigne and to liue in him as they raigne and liue by him to the ende that Kings being well obeyed of their people and the people well commaunded of their Kinges we may see in our dayes one onelye Iesus Christ acknowledged of all peoples Kinges to be the King of Kinges and Lord of Lordes and in his Church the onely mediatour fauiour and Lawegiuer Amen Conclusions THe Church is considered as it is to be seene or not to be seene The Church not to be seene is the companie of those whom God hath chosen to euerlasting life in all times and places The Church that is to be seene is the company of those who are called thereinto and is considered according to certaine times and places There is notwithstanding but one Church but considered diuersely In that which is to be seene as the corne with the chasse in that which is not to be seene as the corne threshed and fanned This visible Church was first without the law afterwards vnder the law tyed to one certain place familie Now through grace it is spred throughout the world one place hauing no more priuiledge then an other whereof it is called Catholike that is to say vniuersall The Catholike Church comprehendeth vnder it all assemblies of Christians in al regions whoÌ„ we call Churches as we call partes of the sea the sea distinguishing theÌ„ notwithstanding by their names as the Church of Greece of Affrike c. Of the parts of the Church as the members of the same body yea though it be vniuersall some are pure and some impure and of those that are impure some are more and some lesse impure The pure Churches are those in which the word of God is purely preached and the sacraments duly administred albeit that in respect of God there is nothing pure The one they call the sound and true Churches the other but unproperly Catholike Churches The impure are those in which the word of God and his sacraments are ill administred whatsoeuer other outward marckes they can pretende And because that al the doctrine of Christ is faith and charitie we cal those that are impure in the doctrine of faith heretical Churches and those that haue separated themselues from the vnitie which they do through lacke of charitie Schismatical And some there are that are both heretical and Schismatical as the Churche of Rome and they that at this day cleaue vnto it for they maintaine many damnable heresies and persecute and excommunicate those that desire reformation Notwithstanding forasmuch as the profession of Christ remayneth there in some sorte we denie them not the name of a Church as we call a man a man howe sicke or brainelesse soeuer he be To discerne the pure churches froÌ„ the impure God hath deliuered vs his worde contained in the scriptures the which is perfect cleere to saluation for it hath for his aucthor the most perfect father of light This is that therfore by which men ought to determine the coÌ„trouersies of this time to reforme the Church as the coÌ„moÌ„ welth according to the lawes abolishing that which God hath there forbidden vs holding that for forbidden in his seruice which hee hath not ordeined looking to that which he hath commaunded and interpreting his wil by it selfe concerning those thinges that are in controuersie The Churches which follow that wil caÌ„not erre for that is the way of saluation and following that God guideth them also by his spirit which enlightneth them and is inseparably ioyned thereto Contrariwise the Churches which departe from it may and doe erre yea and that in the matter of saluation for that they goe out of the way of saluation Neither can they beast of the spirite for God bestoweth it not but vpon his sheepe neither doth he hold any for his sheepe but those that heare his voyce Therfore the Church following mans fantasie not the lawe of God hath greatly erred in all her particular states times euen vntil the crucifiyng of the sonne of God that is to say her owne saluation As in our time we say that the Church of Rome doth adore and worship the sonne of perdition that is to say Antichrist The Church is a body Christ the sonne of God is the head thereof giuing efficacie to the Ministerie of his Gospell through his spirit by the selfe same assisting all those that truely call vpon him And this is that wherein consisteth the administration or gouernement of the head of the Church And as touching the ministerial head no man may be it For the Church by the comming of Christ is spread throughout the whole world none can exercise that ministerie throughout the world but rather euery pastor representeth Christ in his charge And in deede our sauiour Christ before he ascended into heauen ordeyned none such neither did any of the Apostles exercise any such office the whole primitiue Church neuer knewe of it Wherefore following the worde of God and the opinion of the same church we hold that the Papal See which vnder this false title exerciseth tyranny ouer all the world is Antichrist the which without other proofes and circumstances may be verified by his doctrine alone Notwithstanding that this Papal See placed in one part of the Church is not the Churche neither a part of the Church but as a pestilence to the body of the Church which hath corrupted and infected all asmuch as it coulde and had vtterly choked it without the special mercie of God. We doe therefore depart from the papacie and not from the Church from Idoles and not from the temple from Tyranme and not from the common wealth from the plague and not from the Citie being ready entirely to knit and ioyne our selues againe when Antichrist the euil which he hath brought in shal be taken away And in waiting for this we reforme the Ministerie of the worde of God and as nye as we can his seruice according to his institution by the example of the Apostles excommunicated out of Hierusalem which yet notwithstanding is not to

the canker of these heresies fret no farther but may in time be stayed that God may be glorified his poore Church preserued and his gracious blessings fealed amongst vs not onely in our dayes but in the dayes of our childrens children after vs Amen Your good Lordships most bounden and faithfull Io. Feilde To the most excellent Prince Henry King of Nauarre Prince and Souereigne Lord of Bearne c. Peere and chiefe Prince of the bloud royall of Fraunce THIS litle booke which I presume to offer to your maiestie my very good Lord belongeth vnto you by a double right First in respect of the matter for it intreateth of the Church whereof it hath pleased God to raise you vp to be a defender in our coutrey of Fraunce Then in respect of the Authour himselfe for seeing that he hath vowed and giuen himselfe to your maiestie with all that by Gods grace he is able to bring foorth the proprietie and right is in you Wherfore if it shall please you to reade you shall finde herein a little after what ought to be the right condition of the Church of God and what now at this present it is vnder the tyrannie of the Pope in the Church of Rome and consequently what honour God hath shewed vnto you in our time choosing you out from amongst so many great Princes to deliuer it from such a bondage The world will make no accompt of these honours neither is it of the worlde But to a Christian Prince who will consider that God doth hold his Church so deare that he hath giuen his dearely beloued sonne to the death and to the contempt of the world for her sake this honour shal be more precious in his sight then the whole world This vndoubtedly is a great work wherin verely there is much toile for the word of God is certaine that the nations and kinges of the earth for the most part will bande themselues together to maintaine and vnderproppe the kingdome of Antichrist But beyonde this as in all great thinges so in this there remaineth at the end of this toyle a most assured victorie For this thing the word of God telleth vs that it must needes be that that kingdome must fall and that Christ must be acknowledged through all to be the King of kings and Lord of lords yea that they themselues which shall haue mainteyned Antichrist shall hewe him in pieces Of this trauel the worst and greatest brunt is already past God hauing for the comfort of his children deuided it amongest so many great and notable personages which in our time haue trauailed therein and nowe haue rested themselues from their trauailes in that same blessed happines And if so be any thing yet remaine it behoueth that you take good courage For God who hath crowned you will also crowne this good worke by you and as for the forces which now they doe seeme to make what are they else but the gryâ—ng wringings of Antichrist And these griping â—â—â—gings are euident and vndoubted tokens that hiâ—â—â—â—â—h draweth neere God hath made you my very good lord to know his trueth euen from your childhoode and he hath employed you in his woorke in your first youth Hee hath beautified you with great gifts to this ende as strength of body quickenes of spirite valiancie of courage And employing these in his seruice he will crowne them in you with happines honour riches and high aduauancements For these are no other then accessories and he who hath giuen you the principall can giue you these and by him alone also it is that kings reigne and that princes Judge the earth And Sir this is that which he requireth of you This is it that Christendome looketh for at your hands This is that which all good men doe promise themselues This then is the alone and onely marke that your maiestie must ame at And therefore Sir as one of your most lowely seruants I make this humble petition that day and night you may liuely represent and keepe before your presence the dignitie and greatnes of this charge to which God hath called you that you may employ those rare gifts which he hath giuen vnto you for the establishing of his kingdome that you may thinke then to reigne most safely when he shall reigne by his worde in the middest of you This is the most sure and short way that your trustie seruantes can direct you in for the establishing of your highnes I beseech God therefore Sir that it will please him to assist you through his spirite in this worke to gouerne your heart and all your actions and to heape vpon you his blessings both spirituall and temporall to his owne glorie and the benefite of his Church Your most humble obedient and faithfull seruant Du Plessis To the Reader I Pray thee gentle Reader to reade this treatise not as hauing alreadie founde the trueth but seeking for it likewise and I pray thee to read it out before thou iudge of it And if it accord as the doctrine of the trueth I adiure thee in the name of God by thine owne saluation that thou openly declare it For it behoueth that we waite no longer to speake seeing once that wincking at the kingdome of Antichrist our kingdome falleth to ruine in the ruine whereof is the danger of vs all If yet there be founde any doubt they shewing it by writing we shall by the grace of God endeuoure to make it cleare But if there be any which will improue the whole I praye them that they wil answere point by point and reason by reason in the spirite of sinceritie and gentlenes seeking in steade of the prise of victorie the saluation of the people and not the glorie of this world For I protest before God that in this treatise I haue aimed at no thing else but their saluation What the visible Church is and what are the sundry states thereof CHAP. I. GOD through his might the Creatour of mankind vouchsauing of his owne good wil to be the Father thereof would that the Church should be honoured acknowledged as mother of all those of whom he vouchsaueth to be Father in his Sonne Iesus Christ our Lord And forasmuch as we are not saued but in this that God hath allowed vs for his children and that he hath allowed none to be such but those that are regenerated and nourished vp in his Church if we desire our saluation it is necessarie that we acknowledge her in whose lappe we haue it And if we will be heires of the Father we must be vnited in the familie of the mother in which it hath pleased him to beget those againe whom he hath ordeined to be hetres of his kingdome and coheires of his dearely beloued sonne Iesus Christ our Lord. All they that are knit and incorporated into this Churche in true faith charitie are partakers of this inheritance because they are members of the body of Christ and without her

before eyther had or presently did feele their euil and sought remedy in his merite Vnder the first the Church was visible amongst men but if you compare those which serued God in puritie with the others we shal finde that they were entangled in a wonderfull confusion Vnder the second the Church was visible in one people issued from the loynes of Abraham to witte the people of Israel but not so eminent if we consider not so much what the countrie as the people themselues were in comparison of the rest of the whole world and the great Empires that florished at that time Vnder the third is comprehended all peoples nations without any exception or acception whatsoeuer being nowe visible in one Countrey or other fewe or many and therefore we call her Catholique or vniuersal to witte which is to â—â—ore tyed to the familie of Iacob nor to Ierusalem as vnder the second estate or age for from all partes it ought to be gathered there but who adopteth for childreÌ„ of Israel of Abraham in all places those that haue the fayth of Abraham and for citizens of Ierusalem all the citizens of the world which serue God in spirite and trueth This is that which Christ hath taught vs when he sent forth his Apostles into all the world and S. Paul when hee sayth that the wall is broken downe that there is no more Iew nor Greek but that al are one in Iesus Christ that which is noted vnto vs in the Apocalypse by the Citie hauing xii gates three into euery quarter of the world In which also after the Prophets and Apostles the auncient doctors of the Church agree that after the vocation of the Gentiles there is not any nation or citie more priuiledged then another but that all the world is the threshing floore the field and inheritance of the lord All peoples is Iuda and Israel all cities Ierusalem all houses the house of God so that he be there worshipped serued so far is it of that at this day any place what soeuer it be may attribute any spirituall prerogatiue more to it selfe theÌ„ to another This vniuersal Church comprehendeth vnder her all the particular Churches gathered together in diuers parts of the world the which likewise we cal the ChristiaÌ„ Churches that is to say assemblies which cal vpon one only God by Iesus Christ as the East Church West Church the Greek Church and the Latine Church the Church of Corinth the Church of Galatia of Ephesus of Rome of Carthage notwithstaÌ„ding to speake properly not Catholike or vniuersal but parts of the Catholique or vniuersall No more then when we speake of some parts of the Ocean sea we call all those the sea as the South sea the North sea the Athlantique sea the Cantabrique sea and the Britannique sea c. and we say of al these it is the Ocean sea And yet notwithstanding we knowe that there is but one Ocean and not many whereof by these names we make many distinctions seeing it is but one body vniforme from which the vnion cannot be seuered but only distinguished as wee ought also to acknowledge in the Church And therefore he that saith that the Church of Rome the Catholique Church is al one he speaketh no lesse improperly theÌ„ he that should say that the Britannique sea were the whole Ocean sea or the Tyrrhene sea it self which yet is but a part of the MediterraneuÌ„ sea Nowe the visible Church is in the worlde and the worlde as we may feele in our selues is an vncleane worlde therefore liuing vnder such an infected ayre it is impossible but that shee shoulde be defiled and drawe vnto her much corruption It is also compounded of men and outwardly gouerned by men and all men are flesh and blood and by a consequent corrupt and imperfect subiect to ignorance and malice It is then possible that sometimes shee be corrupted and impossible that in this world she appeare in any sound perfection Notwithstanding because the Scripture sometymes in speaking hauing regard to that which is reputed vnto her in consideration of Iesus Christ her husband before God and sometimes also not according to that she is but according to that shee ought to be not so much to praise her as to prouoke her to make her selfe worthy of that praise shee is graunted these titles of the Churche to which she is not alwayes conformed be it that we consider her in the men whereof she is composed or the doctrine it selfe that is taught in her She is called the kingdome of heauen or the kingdome of Christ but Christ Iesus which is the king himself that raigneth in her compareth her vnto a net cast into the sea which draweth vp to him both good and bad fishe This then is as much to say as in this kingdome of heauen the deuill hath his subiects which perteyne to his tyrannie Saint Paul also there calleth vs the house of God and exhorteth vs to take heede howe we there behaue our selues but the selfe same Paul would not hide this from vs that in the same house there are not onely vessels of golde and of siluer but also of woode and of earth the one I say to honour and the other to dishonour whereof Saint Augustine hath taken his distinction of those that are in the house and yet are not of the house And this that we confesse in our Creede it selfe that the Church is the Communion of Saints it is not meant that all they which are there assembled are sanctified by the spirite of God in Christ but rather that there is no true Communion no true holinesse but in the Church calling it as we are alwayes accustomed by the best part And thus much of the corruption of the persons Concerning the doctrine she is called his spouse altogether faire and without spotte the faithfull Citie the Citie of righteousnes the temple of God and the piller of trueth By these goodly titles she should be stirred vp to please him who vouchsafeth to call her by these names and to be obedient vnto him In meane time it oftentimes falleth out that the Church gouerned by naughtie Pastors presumeth to be such as her titles set her foorth to be and that she can neuer be any other so that shee dareth to say I am a Queene and can be no widowe and so maketh voide the goodnesse of God through which alone shee is decked with all these titles Shee neglecteth the voice of her husband and maketh lawes at her own pleasure her gouernors will gouerne her after their guise thinking that they are wise ynough of them â—â—ies And hereupon the Prophets haue haue constrayned to change their speach according as shee changeth her gouernement This is the cause why they haue called her strumpet and adulteresse that they haue reproched her that she hath played the harlot vnder euery busshie greene tree that

are that pure Churches that those which minister them impurely are the impure Churches the Church of Rome the most impure of all others which hath so villanously defiled both the one and the other that there remayneth not any more so much as any shewe of the institution of Christ That the other markes which our aduersaries alledge are common both to the pure and the impure Church such as for the most part hold not CHAP. III. THey that perceyue theÌ„selues vanquished in this that they haue not the essential markes of the pure sound Church they would quite coÌ„trary make vs beleeue that the true Church can not be knowen by the pure sincere administration of the worde Sacraments but by certaine outward markes to wit by antiquitie multitude succession of places and persons by miracles reuelatioÌ„s no otherwise then false coyners which wil not haue men to knowe their money by the finenes of Golde and by the touchstone but by the wayght by the sounde by the coyne the colour which they may easely falsifie They alledge therefore vnto vs antiquitie following that which is sayd vnto Iob of one of his friends Aske for the auncient generation prepare thy selfe to seeke after the fathers Againe dayes shal speake or the multitude of yeares shal teache wisedome To whoÌ„ I could answere by Iob him selfe euen in the verse next following The masters are not alwaies wise neither do that olde men alwaies vnderstand iudgement Also it is the spirite of God not yeres that ought to speake in man But forasmuch as they make an instance so lowe it behooueth that we giue them a more full answere The questioÌ„ is here of the puritie of the Church Nowe the Church is compared to a litle barke or ship and the more she is vpon the Sea the more she leaketh and vnto a house which with age decayeth and falleth to ruine and to a Citie and the policie of it corrupted if once a man drawe it to any other beginning and to a mans body to which yeeres doe bring an heape of al kinde of euils To be short to the most healthful and temporate body in the world age is euen as sickenes it selfe I saye then that antiquitie alone ought to make vs thinke that in the Church there is a great sickenesse and much filthynes and that euen for this cause alone without any longer confutation it behooueth vs to bring a broome to purge it and to call for a Physition so farre is it of that for these things a man should mayntayne that she is pure and sound as they do Furthermore I demaund howe they will aunswere vnto the heathen yea to Saynt Austine him selfe who sayeth that Ierusalem began by Abel and Babylon by Rain Also that the promise was by Isaac and the bastardise by Ismael which was the elder Consequently what would they haue answered vnto the Iewes in the time of our Sauiour Iesus Christe if that antiquitie had beene a true marke of the Church They sayde that they were the children of Abraham Nowe he was called the Father of the beleeuers For they had their genealogie from the creation of the first man They could haue alledged the couenantes that were made of olde betweene God and them And after that Christe was sent vnto them according to these promises vnder the shadowe of this antiquitie they called him the Carpenters sonne a Samaritan one that hath the deuill a Preacher of noueltie and there is great likelyhood that if our masters had beene then there in that time seeing that they keepe the selfe same argumentes they would haue holpen to haue crucified him Nowe we say likewise that Antichrist who was foretolde vnto vs entered into this ruinous house whiles the most part was a sleepe in this dead sleepe of antiquitie in steade of that was said vnto them Watch pray that the subtillest lent him their haÌ„d till he had turned all topsituruie and yet men would not know him Furthermore I demaund what they wil aunswere vnto the Greeke Churches the Armenians Ethiopians c. founded by the Apostles as olde as the Church of Rome yea and elder too seeing that the Church of Christ as we know tooke her beginning from the East to the West If antiquitie be a marke of puritie they are pure if they be pure the Latine Church in comparison to their iudgemeÌ„t is most impure If they be heretikes impure as the Latine Church doth hold them then it followeth that antiquitie is not a marke to proue the puritie or veritie of the Church Howe then shal we reiect antiquitie nay rather we embrace it with all our heartes a great deale better then our aduersaries but in such fort we embrace it as the auncientest of tymes be asked heard before al our fathers and alwaies according to this most certaine rule that Primum quodque verissimuÌ„ that the first things are truest that is to say that when there shal be any question of a pure Church we looke into the word of God what she hath bene of olde time that we draw her from the rust of our euils which she hath gotten through age so restore her vnto the beauty integritie of her youth See then how we ought to honour antiquitie to reforme our selues according vnto it and not to suffer our selues to be corrupted with the rust and so to perish vnder the shadow of it This is the rule which our master hath giuen vs When there was question concerning diuorce that Moses had agreed vnto the people for the hardnes of their heartes they had a prescription long inough if prescriptioÌ„ might haue had place against the institution of God Notwithstanding he answereth in one woorde It was not so from the beginning that is to say there was no such ordinaÌ„ce of god Tertullian saith PrescriptioÌ„ is nothing against the trueth neither time nor authority of persons nor priuiledges of kingdomes For there is no foolish custome which can haue authority against the trueth Now Christ is called the trueth and not custome And if Christ be alwaies more auÌ„cient then al then also is trueth more auncient then al customes Heresies haue alwaies bin vaÌ„quished by the trueth not by noueltie and whatsoeuer is contrarie to this trueth it is heresie although it be neuer so olde a custome Cyprian saith we must not regard that which any other hath done before vs but we must regard that which Christ hath doÌ„e which is before all for we must not followe the custome of men but the trueth of god Againe he saith custome without trueth is an old errour the Lord hath said I am the trueth and not I am custome Ignatius saith all my antiquitie is Iesus Christ whoÌ„ not to heare is manifest perdition See then howe the most auncient sende vs alwaies to laye holde vpon the trueth which is

dwell there for euer And therefore the priests had no other answere to all the Propheres that reproued them but this The Temple the Temple the Temple of the Lorde But see what the Lorde him selfe answereth vnto them Goe saith he see Shiloh I haue chosen it from the beginning for my house Now see what I haue done vnto it for the wickednes of my people I wil do euen so to the place which I haue giuen vnto you and to your fathers But if you will that I dwell there amende your wayes turne from your euil deedes Nowe if he haue forsaken his owne temple for the iniquitie of the priests besides which he had none erected in the whole world must we tye our selues to the Church of Rome or to any other place seeing that al the Elimates of the world are equally his temple Concerning the succession of persons that is no lesse friuolous then the other In all estates coÌ„moÌ„ weales there is one perpetual sequele of magistrates either by succession or by election Nowe if there be any questioÌ„ of reforming the estate according to the lawes there is no way so ill as to vse these argumentes I am a magistrate as was my predecessour or from the father to the sonne ergo the coÌ„mon wealth hath not to make any reformation None euer douted but that Nero was a tyrant although he was descended from Augustus neither would any man affirme that Commodus was a good prince although Marcus Aurelius was his father In like maner euery one will accord that Manasses defiled the church violated al iustice albeit he was the sonne of good Ezechias and Iosias he reformed the Church the lawes who was the sonne of Manasses himself And the ciuil lawiers themselues which make two sorts of tyrantes the one sort without title the other of exercise that is one sort vniust vsurpers the other vniust gouernors so we also make two kinds of Popes playing the tyrantes ouer the Church one sort which they call intruders which are thrust in there vnlawfully the other abusers abusing their authoritie shewing thereby that that which may fall out in the successioÌ„ of magistrates in the common wealth may also fall out in the succession of prelates in the Church Furthermore if euer any might alledge the succession of pastors they were the Iewes for they were of the house of Aaron from the father to the sonne besides them none might sacrifice Moreouer to them it was promised that they shoulde so continue for euer And hereof it was that when the Prophets exhorted them to reformation they had no other thing in their mouth The lawe shall not perish from the Priest nor the councell from the wise nor the worde from the Prophete But the spirite of the Lorde aunswered them Say not We are wise the lawe of the Lord is with vs For it is in vaine that the pen is made and that there is a scribe The wisemen are confounded And seeing that they haue reiected the worde of the Lord what shal be their wisedome any more Likewise when they boasted to Iesus Christ that they were the seede of Abraham I knowe it well saith he but the deuil is your father And in very deede this successiue hereditarie wisedome crucified Christ and reiected it saluation as also this selfe same successioÌ„ but yet only pretended worshippeth Antichrist eÌ„tertaineth it own perdition Moreouer I demaund what these alledgers of succession would haue aunswered to the Samositans Nestorians Arrians c. who had their beginning coÌ„tinued from the first Bishops euen to theÌ„selues namely froÌ„ Nestorius Samosatenus both which were lawfully called to the patriarchal churches the one to Constantinople the other to Antioche Also what wil they answere to the succession alledged by all the Greeke East Churches to be short to the reformed churches of EnglaÌ„d Denmark Swethen a great part of Almaigne c. through all which there is at this daye this succession from Bishop to Bishop froÌ„ pastor to pastor If they will alledge the Popes supremacie a man may deny it them this is another question If simply succession then they haue lost their cause If that doctrine theÌ„ we gaine this point that the simple succession of persons without the succession of doctrine is nothing worth They alledge that the auncient Doctors haue vsed this argument we deny it not But they must marke therein eyther that this was against heretikes that denyed the holy scriptures or else there was alwayes adioyning the successioÌ„ of doctrine S. Augustine enferreth it against the Manichees but they reiected the greatest part of the scriptures and manifestly the booke of the Actes of the Apostles to the end to deny the descending of the holy Ghoste and to establish Manichee in his place He alledged also vnto them miracles antiquitie c. but he addeth immediatly after You on your part alledge nothing like but onely you holde a promise of the trueth amongst you notwithstanding if you could euidently proue it I suppose it ought to be preferred before succession antiquitie miracles and al things else This is as we dispute against theÌ„ that denye the scriptures by probable reasons by authorities of prophane bookes albeit we hold them not for rules of the trueth Against the Donatists Arrians Pelagians others who accept the scriptures he disputeth by the scriptures In a certaine place he alledgeth amongst other things the succession of 39. Bishops of Rome but this was with this caueat In al this company there was not one Donatist that is there was not one that helde any such doctrine as you do Irenee sayth that they are not alwaies true priests which seeme so to be but they which keepe the doctrine of the Apostles Tertullian presseth the heretikes of his time who for the most part denyed the Scriptures to shewe that their predecessours were the Apostles or the Apostles schollers but by and by afterwards he requireth consanguinitatem doctrinae the consanguinitie or kinred of doctrine preferreth it before all succession that is to say that they onely were not the sonnes of the Apostles but also their doctrines were the daughters of the Apostolical doctrine Chrysostome sayth that the pulpit maketh not a priest but a priest the pulpit To be short a man shal not finde any which hath spoken in any other sense And nowe seeing that none can transferre that to his successour which of right doth not belong vnto him that S. Paul hath forbidden vs to heare the Apostles the Angels themselues preaching any other Gospel then his owne doth it not followe that the successors of the Apostles are reiected if they preache otherwise It followeth then that the succession neither of place nor of persons is any thing worth but onely the succession of doctrine which we haue sayd before to be the true infallible marke of

of all our thoughtes and that wee conclude that if wee see nothing the faulte thereof is in our eyes and not in the light They alledge that the Scripture is doubtefull because that Satan alledged it vnto Iesus Christ I aunswere that there is no lawe that a man may not reiect by this argument for all lawes are subiect to be alledged both by good bad But let them also marke that by the same Iesus Christ stopped his mouth Also your Sauiour Christ hath spoken in parables and similitudes we know that similitudes are to make cleare and not to darken and I make their owne consciences iudges whether those parables of Christ so expouÌ„ded as we haue them in the scriptures tend to any other end When he would teach vs who is our neighbour he maketh it playne by the similitude of the man descending from Iericho what the kingdome of heauen is by the similitude of the sower what the vocation of the Gentiles is by the prodigall childe and so likewise of other I aske if by these parables we may iudge more clearely or more darkely whether all the gloses or long coÌ„mentaries of the Pharises were able so clearly to expound this matter But they will say you cannot deny but the there are manye darke places for S. Peter himself saith that there are such in the epistles of S. Paul nay but rather we may say that forasmuch as there are only certaine places darke it followeth contrariwise that the Scripture is not darke For this is an euill argument to reason from some to all and hee that sayeth that vpon a garment there are blacke spottes he sayeth by consequence that that garment is not all blacke And as concerning those we say that the light of the Scripture is sufficient for to giue them such light as they neede not dwell anye more in darkenesse vnlesse it be those whome the God of this worlde hath blinded in their vnderstanding as Saynt Paul sayth to the end they should perish that the lyght of the Gospell shoulde not shine vnto them or as Saynt Peter sayeth in the selfe same place which they alledge to the vnstable and vnlearned which peruert the Scriptures to their owne destruction This is the sentence of all the auncient fathers with whome wee conclude thys poynte There are sayeth Saynt Augustine handling this matter certaine harde places in the Scripture and yet notwithstanding there is no other thing but that which is expounded in most expresse wordes in other places whereby the holy Ghoste hath wonderfully measured and tempered the holy Scriptures to the ende that those cleare places shoulde serue healthfully to satisfie the hunger of the readers and those darker places shoulde encrease their appetite to take away all contempt but in that that is spoken clearly in the Scriptures they shall finde all things which conteyne fayth and the waye to liue well to witte hope and charitye And hee that will haue more examples hereof in the foresayde places he alledgeth more Saynt Ambrose There is sayth he much obscurity in the Propheticall writings he speaketh namely of the Prophets but if thou knocke at the doore of the Scriptures with the hand of thyne owne vnderstanding thou shalt gather the sense of the darke places and the woorde of God it selfe shall be that that shall open it vnto thee The most obscure and darke then that is therin may be made plain by it selfe S. Basill If wee be commanded to doe any thing and we knowe not howe let vs take the LORD for our guyde who sayeth vnto vs Searche the Scriptures and let vs followe the Apostles who asked him selfe of the interpretatioÌ„ of those thinges which hee had spoken vnto them and of those thinges which hee hath spoken to vs in one place let vs learne to vnderstand those things which he hath spoken in another This is that which Marsilius of Padua disputed against the Pope 300. yeeres agoe that the Lawe of the Gospell is sufficient perfect and plaine of it selfe immediatly to direct vs to euerlasting saluation and to turne vs away from the path of miserie But to theÌ„ which finde nothing in the light but darknes I feare that it is to no purpose to alledge plaine places out of the auncient doctors The mischief is that we finde not in the Scriptures in any place neither the Masse nor Purgatory neither the papacie nor the power of one man alone ouer the whole Church and such other inuentions of the prince of darkenesse and therefore we accuse Gods worde to be darke to the ende we may fetch these goodly doctrines from thence by meane of some colde Allegorie that wheresoeuer this light shineth not vnto vs in the Churche wee shoulde knowe that there is nothing but darkenesse But yet see a farther matter then the former for it is so farre of that they will accept the Scriptures for their iudge that they them selues will bee Iudges ouer the Scripture If the Churche saye they had not kept the Scriptures and witnessed of them they had bene of no more authoritye then any other writing Therefore the Churche is Iudge ouer the Scripture and not the Scripture ouer the Churche First I demaunde what that Churche is which hath kept the Scriptures whether this bee onelye the Christian Churche or the Iewish Churche also Nowe wee knowe that the Olde Testament was deliuered from hand to hande vnto vs by the Iewes and therefore the auncient doctours called them the booke keepers of the Churche For they were so curious that they would enter euerye tittle and poynte both the accentes and letters and made a Register of them Therefore the Iewishe Churche was iudge of the Olde Testament when Iesus Christ came and therefore to verye euill purpose our Sauiour Christe sendeth the people to the Scriptures who might more safely haue bene sent to the high Priestes and Pharisees But these Iudges of the Scriptures they iudged Christe to death the Schollers and Students of the Scriptures acknowledged him for their lyfe And at this daye euen by this argument the Iewes shoulde winne the victorye It followeth then whether they renounce this Sophistrye or whether they will mainetayne it that they renounce their Saluation Consequentlye I demaunde of them Whether the Church of Rome aloue haue kept the Scriptures or other Churches also They can not saye that it was the Churche of Rome or the Latine Churche alone For the Ecclesiasticall storye wytnesseth that the Primitiue Churche gathered the Canon of the Registers of those Churches which were founded by the Apostles and to which the same Apostles had written Nowe there is but one Epistle written to the Romaines and all the rest are written to the Easte Churches In like maner the Gospell of Iohn was kept at Ephesits and that of Saynt Marke at Alexandria c. If then the Easte Churches had a greater parte in keeping the Scriptures then the Romaine and therefore

denie that the old and new testament had equall authoritie with this commaundement If they take it after sinne entred God blameth and conuinceth our first parents of their faulte and this is the Lawe And after he promiseth vnto them the seed which shall bruise the head of the serpent this is the Gospell Beholde them then dead in sinne by the Lawe and as it were newe borne by the promise of Christ to come in whome they hoping after this woorde were made the beginning of the Church without this they had bene lost with all their posteritie Wherefore whether we fetche the Church from before the fall of man she hath no power aboue the word of God but is iudged by it and therefore the coÌ„clusion is false Or whether we deriue it after yet the word is before the regeneration of the Church that is to say before the Church and that antecedent it selfe shal be false Moreouer this is an ill argument It was the first in time Ergo the first in authoritie For we haue a hundred Cities in FrauÌ„ce more auncient then our first kings and yet notwithstanding without any gainesaying they obey their lawes And the word of God of it selfe is giuen to commaunde wheras the Church is placed in the world but to obey And though it be so that the word of God be in power eternall yet it is most certeine that it must be last in this action because that before he commaund it must needs be that it should first create some men whom it might commaund This then is nothing but plaine sophistrie which is not worthy to be heard in the Church Moreouer I demaund of them wheÌ„ they make this argument whether they meane to speake of the whole Church comprehending al the states and particulars of the Church into one or whether they speake of particular Churches or of the church of Rome alone If thei vnderstand the whole Church as it is like they do then they speake nothing that makes for them for the church of Rome the whole Church are things farre differing before that Rome was or any Wolfe there gaue suck more then 700. yeres the law of Moses was published in the Church If they speake of particular Churches the Cast churches wil demand the same prerogatiue and by the self same argument they wil set themselues aboue the church of Rome For they are before them in time as euery man knoweth If the church of Rome alone by the vertue of the institutioÌ„ of Christ yet they are to bring forth the titles and right thereof and then they cannot bring forth one that hath so much as any outward shewe To be short all this is nothing els but a manifest dotage for if they looke to the beginning of the Church they shall finde neither Rome nor the Pope neither the See of S. Peter nor consequently any authoritie aboue the word of god If they looke to the beginning of Rome they shall there finde the word the law the prophets expositors of long time before and therefore an authoritie farre aboue their church But in this a man may see the poore defence of their Church when for the establishing thereof the word of God must fall downe which is the foundation of the pure Church Now in this whole disputation they can not finde one onely word out of the auncient doctors for there was neuer yet any heretike so moÌ„strous which durst set it forth till the Councill of Constance where it was first set out by the doctors of the Church of Rome There was the question moued concerning the taking away of the cup of our Lord from the people expresly against the institution of the Sonne of god There could not one place be found out in the Scriptures which might fauour directly or indirectly plainly or darkely so damnable a sacriledge Iohn Hus called them to the holy Scripture and they knewe well that that was full against them Then first they began to aduise of those goodly Maximes or grouÌ„ds which they haue mainteined euen vntil this day that the Church is aboue the holy Scripture that the Scripture hath no other authoritie then that which the Church giueth it that the Scripture is as they say De bene esse of the wel being but not of the essence or being of the Church that such should be the interpretation as seemeth good to the Church to be short that the word of God was more long and large then the word written and that the Church is more worthie theÌ„ it to which some haue sithens added that the Church should be in better case if there were no Gospell written These are the intolerable blasphemies which sprang vp in this councill who also were authors of one other goodly canon forsooth that ouerthroweth al christianitie That we must not keepe faith or promise with heretikes Iohn Hus notwithstanding presseth them yet somewhat more neerely Though it were so saith he that the Church should be aboue the word of God to which you shal neuer haue me to agree Shew me yet that the minde of the auncient Church was euer so that it euer so ordeyned or so interpreted Name me one onely auncient doctor which is not wholly and plainly against it That it is so yea our owne canons do excommunicate all those which coÌ„municate not vnder both kinds therefore to communicate vnder one is not to be partaker of the communion but of excoÌ„munication To this argument they yet find another shift more mischieuous then the former that albeit that of one commandement of the Gospel there be at this day another interpretation then was in the auncient Church notwithstanding that that meaning which is receiued in the Church must be accepted as the way to saluation in asmuch as the holy Ghost hath inspired it to the Church That is to say that the Pope his mainteyners according to their good pleasure may cry downe all the auncient interpretatioÌ„s of the Scripture as coynes are and put them into the Mint to make theirs currant Also that as the iudgement of the Church is changed in the Scripture so we must presume that the iudgemeÌ„t of God is changed And therefore when that good man Iohn Hus could not content himselfe with these horrible blasphemies their last argument was the halter the hang man to cast him into the fire To make Gods spirit chaÌ„geable his word a nose of waxe God himselfe inconstant in his purpose changing himselfe according to the vanitie ambition of men wil there be founde in the traditions of the Pharisees in the speculations of the Cabalists and Thalmud in the Alcoran of Mahomet any such execrable blasphennes as these are I leaue to the iudgement of euery one whether the spirit of God or the spirit of Satan ruled there in those couÌ„cills That there can be founde no other Iudge of the controuersies of this time but the holy Scripture and how

euery one may iudge them by the same CHAP. V. NOw seeing then that they do doubt that the Scripture is not on their side let vs beare at their hands that they refuse it and that they slander it as much as they can let vs also see now whether they can allowe of any other Iudge besides it I would demaunde of them if of all the auncient doctors they would chuse any one which hath bene free from those refusals which they propounde against the word of God or els whether they wil allowe al Concerning any one alone they cannot for in euery one of them there may easely be found either one error or an other but they haue so many errors to defend that to defend all all the errors of all times ages would not suffice Moreouer they would be ashamed to denie that their style is more obscure then the style of the Scripture Also they know in their owne conscience that in the most principal points they are on our side and yet there is not any one of them which they will accept in through al things for as much as they condemne in Irenee the error of the Chiliasts and the interpretation which he made of the Apocalypse concerning the church of Rome in Cyprian Anabaptisine in Tertullian the heresie of Montanus in S. Austine predestination and so like wise of others Will they then receiue all alike for Iudges but then who shal be president in the contrarieties of their doctrine and interpretations For euery one knoweth that there shall be found some euery where If it be the holy Scripture that is the thing which we desire But if they refuse the Scripture as partie or partiall by a more strong reason then we will not accept them for Iudges which are parties against vs In like maner shall it be with the schoolemen if they take them for Iudges although that they be the principall authors of the errors of the Church of Rome for betweene Thomas and Scotus and theyr armies set in battel raye and fighting one against an other who shall be iudge It remaineth then that they chuse eyther one of the Councils or els all the Councils together If they chuse one we knowe that in euery one lightly there is haÌ„dled as yet but one thing as for example in the Councill of Nice the matter of Arrius in the Councill of Ephesus and of Chalcedon the matter of Nestorius and Eutyches and so likewyse of others but of these pointes there is no contention betweene vs If they will haue all I demaund who shall be president in the errors which the auncient fathers confesse and in the contrarieties which they nomber who shall redresse them The seconde Councill of Ephesus approueth Eutyches the Councill of Chalcedon condemneth him The second Councill of Nice mainteyneth the worshipping of Images but that of Frankford assembled about the same time by Charles the great pulleth them downe The first Councill of Nice according to the vse of the primitiue Church permitteth the marriage of ministers the Councilles of Neocesaria Mentz and the seconde of Carthage forbiddeth it The Councils of Constance and of Basill doe subiecte the Pope vnder the Church yea they make him equall with other Bishops those of Florence and of Trent vpon paine of the blacke curse haue set him aboue all To be short the Councill of Carthage excommunicateth and curseth him to the deuill that calleth him selfe vniuersall Bishoppe or chiefe Priest and the Councill of Trident excommunicateth all those which hold not the Bishop of Rome for such a one I demaunde then in these contrarieties and a thousand others of like consequence who shall determine the matter shall it be the Church Nowe the Church is that which hath saide sometimes one thing and sometimes another for they holde that the Church is represented by general Councils and those for the most part are such as we haue spoken of These are then Churches contrarying one an other or rather one contrary to it selfe Moreouer if it be the Church yet we deny that it shoulde be the Church of Rome for it doeth not belong say they to a particular Church to iudge of the vniuersall which is represented by generall Councils It remaineth then that they prooue the supremacie of the Church of Rome aboue the vniuersall Church of Christ but if they cannot prooue it by the holy Scripture none of the other Churches will beleeue them for they did not beleeue Christ himselfe bearing witnesse of himselfe but God whom they by the holy Scriptures knewe to haue sent him And seeing other Churches haue their Doctors Councils and Traditions aswell as the Church of Rome It must followe that the Church of Rome must prooue her prowde prerogatiue title by the Scriptures And if the Scriptures must be iudges of the Church of Rome and her prerogatiue the which pretendeth beareth men in hand to iudge all other Churches then there can not be a more competent Iudge then the holy Scripture without which the Church of Rome is nothing more then others and from whom whatsoeuer she hath she must will shee nill shee fetche her pretended preheminence and authoritie Nowe if they obiect that there is no more neede to iudge of our controuersies and that they haue bene oftentimes iudged alreadie by Councils Saint Augustine teacheth vs that Councils may erre and that the former Councils were amended by the latter and therefore he presseth not the Arrians with Councils Secondly yf this point haue any place what will they say then vnto vs why they haue derogated from the first Councill of Nice which is the first Decomenicall Councill in the marriage of Ministers and in the supremacie of the Pope who there was made equall with the other Patriarches And wherefore after the matter was so decided would they haue it yet pleaded agayne in the Councill of Carthage c. Why woulde they haue the Pope to be declared the Vicar of God in earth in the Councill of Trent seeing that the Councill of Carthage had already pronounced him excommunicated out of the Church which would call himselfe the chiefe Bishop and head thereof Moreouer in the most approued Councils the greatest part of the pointes which we dispute of were not yet set out for errors were not hatched but by litle and litle and they began to growe and increase after that the tyrannie of the Pope was brought into the Church who in like maner also played the tyrant ouer the Councils Moreouer we make a great difference betweene Councils and Councils for we willingly accept the first Councill of Nice and such like because that the worde of God gouerned there the which worde God alwayes accompanieth with his Spirite But we doe not so receiue the second Councill of Nice where Idoles were established were the holy Scripture was alledged as it were in mockerie and which by consequent coulde not be accompanied with any other then the spirite of

Satan It is sayde say they God created man to his owne image therefore we ought to haue Images Also no man lighteth a candle for to hide it vnder a bushell Therefore we ought to set Images vpon altars Also God is named maruellous in his Saintes therfore we ought to beholde his glorie in Images I aske of them what man he is that will rest him selfe vpon a sentence giuen vpon these proofes for Images Nowe there are an infruite number of the like where a man may plainely see the style of the spirite of Antichrist alleadging the Scriptures much worse then Satan did to our Lorde Iesus Christ To be short if a man will not iudge in a Court by former sentences is there any reason to refuse the selfe same order in matters of conscience and against the sentences themselues that a man knoweth to haue beene giuen the parties being therein neither hearde nor called But admitte that the holy Scriptures be the rule to compasse all doctrines they will yet aske me foran ende in so great contrarietie which is amongst vs who he shal be that shall expound and apply them Concernyng vs we are parties against them and as couching them they are parties against vs who shall be iudge here then for saye they Let the Scripture be so great a Iudge as men would haue it yet it speaketh not for to determine and pronounce the sentence To this I answere first that when a man is assured of the squeere in the measure or of the compasse in the shippe there is no Mason so sclender witted which doeth not knowe in applying it which is straight and which is crooked nor Mariner so vnskilfull that doeth not perceyue whether the shippe keepe her right course or noe And therefore let them onely graunt vs to guide the preceptes of our saluation accordyng to the rule of saluation conteyned in the olde and newe Testament and we will therein submitte our selues not onely to a free and lawfull Councill but also to learned and vnlearned to the ministers and common people and to all Christians for whose saluation it was written who by them selues shall finde in this worde the iudgement of the worde and shall pronounce definitiue sentence for the same Furthermore in euery arte there are certayne principles and groundes whereupon vndoubtedly depende all the rest Geometry hath her Axiomes Physicke her Aphorismes and the Eiuill and Canon lawe their generall rules by which they will scanne all difficulties which shal aryse in their lawes Nowe say I that diuinitie also hath her rules grounds and the lawe of God hath her certaine principles able to decide al controuersies which are amongst vs yea and those so much the more strong and easie as we are most assured that there is no kinde of doubt contradiction or contrarietie in them to make them voyde or vnstable Nowe we haue three sortes of differences or controuersies with the Church of Rome the one sort consisteth in thinges playnely forbidden in the worde of God the other in things which are not commanded and the last in the interpretation of certaine pointes which are eyther forbidden or commaunded which both of vs receyue but diuersly Concerning the first kinde we haue a rule in the lawe of God that we must rather obey God then man. This is so easie that euen litle children may comprehend it When then we shall see that men command one thing and God another we cannot doubt which we ought to obey By this rule we cut of images reliques and all kinds of idolatrie which are committed in the Papacie which are expressely forbidden in an hundred places of the word of God. Concerning the second we haue an other rule God is the onely lawgiuer vnto his people Thou shalt not saith he neither adde nor diminish from my lawe Christ saith God will not be serued according to our traditions but according to his commaundements S. Iohn and S. Paule say that the holy Scripture is sufficient for our saluation Chrysostom saith Where the Scripture holdes it peace there man must holde his peace S. Hierome Pratling without proofe of the Scripture ought to be of no credite This is a rule commonly giuen to all peoples and wherof also the people are capable Let the people now read the old new testament and let them marke if they finde any one worde directly or indirectly secretly or plainely which speaketh nie or farre of of the sacrifice of the Masse of Purgatorie of the inuocation of Saintes and such other points which are in controuersie betwene vs Contrary wise if they shall not finde therein from line to line that Christ is the onely sacrifice once offered vp for all that there is one onely washing in the bloud of Christ that there is one onely God to be called vpon in the name of Iesus Christ If they finde there the doctrines which we coÌ„demne then let them condemne vs and cry fagot and fire against vs If not then let them be iudged by the rule which is afore touched which they haue abused and haue caused men to search their saluatioÌ„ in those thinges which the Doctor of their saluation hath not taught them consequeÌ„tly wherin they can finde nothing but destruction Yea I say more that if the learned would take paines to read after the holy Scripture the doctors of the primitiue Church they shal not find there any one word therof or if they do find any such place it shal be in such sort that they shal be in more doubt theÌ„ if they had spoken nothing Whereof then they will of them selues conclude forasmuch as Christ his Apostles haue taught nothing thereof nor the primitiue Church hath beleeued nothing nor they that came long after haue written any thing but that which is doubtful that these are such things whereof we ought not onely to doubt with the doctors but also whereof the Church ought to keepe silence with Iesus Christ As for example 400. yeres after the death of Christ the Church knew not what it was to call vpon Saintes there was not found one word in the auncient writers vulesse it were for the condemnation of those which did it according to the imitation of the Painims in seruing their gods Of Purgatorie the first doctors of the Church speake not one word S. Augustine who was long after sometimes saith that there was one sometime that there might wel be one sometime that it was no great matter whether there were one or whether there were none And S. Gregorie who was after him he began to beleeue by certeine visions that there was one and this was 500. yeeres after the death of Christ Of the Masse it was altogether like for we may marke the beginninges proceedinges and increase peece by peece euen vntill our time and yet forsooth these were made articles of our faith and for these men burned the Christians for which euen by as good reason they

because we finde not this puritie in the Church of Rome but the quite contrary neyther the lawe of God obeyed by made subiect to the wyll of the Pope and his vpholders we holde the Church of Rome most impure and we marke the Pope that gouerneth there for a notable marke of Antichrist lyfting vp him selfe aboue GOD for that he setteth the lawe of God behinde his owne commaundements and vaine inuentions That the visible Church may erre yea and that in matters of fayth and those which concerne our saluation CHAP. VI. BEcause our aduersaries knowe very well that they can not defende neyther by the holy Scripture nor by the example of the primitiue Church the false doctrine which beareth swaye amongst them in the most principal points of Christian religion yf a man should examine them by piecemeale therefore they haue thought good to defende all at once to wit to maintaine that the Church can not erre especially in matters that doe concerne saluation For say they seeing that Christ is the head of the Church he guideth the same by his spirit and this spirit is the spirite of vnderstanding which inspireth into her in time and place all that is necessary for to leade her in such sort that she can not erre But as they defeÌ„ding this bulwarke assure themselues to defende all theyr Babylon so is it also as certaine that this being once wonne they can not any longer stande When they speake of the Church in this matter they vnderstand properly the Cleargie represented by a generall Councill and not the common people of whom they make no state the which thing many of themselues condemne as repugnant to holy Scripture notwithstanding I am content in this matter to speake after their maner to the ende to auoyde all cauils and starting holes Iesus Christ is the head of the Church as of one body not of that there nor of this here neyther of one nor of other but of all Churches alike Now this head is vnto the Church as reason vnto a man to wit to rule to guide the same by his commaundement Now so far forth as desire doth obey reason the body the head man is in good case his senses his mouings accions are in theyr perfection there is nothing in him which sauoureth not the good gouernment of reason Contrariwise when the desire will cast of obedience to reason and wil not be subiect to his gouernement but giueth it selfe to drunkennesse riot and all kinde of excesse then entreth he into a distemperature of all his body the vitall partes are therewith offended he loseth one member one sense after an other sight hearing and all the powers depart away from him To be short by the iust iudgement of God reason it selfe oftentimes is taken from him because he made no accompt to obey it I say that the selfe same may fall out and many times doeth fall out in the Church Now so farre forth as the Church doeth obey vnto Iesus Christ her head he arkeneth vnto his commaundements which is reason it selfe followeth his gouernement which is set foorth in the Scripture she can not erre in the path of saluation shee is sound pure and perfect and also he taketh pleasure to leade her and inspireth into her his holy Spirite to the ende to inlighten her in the middest of darkenesse it selfe But when she treadeth his gouernement vnder her feete and maketh no accompt to hearken vnto him but presumeth to be wyse ynough of her selfe to gouerne her selfe then is it no marueile if she fall as it were in pieces and lose one sense after an other if her eyes leade her into the pit and if the spirit of God abandon himselfe and forsake her because shee made no accompt of the worde with which he is inseparably ioyned knit together For as it is most certaine that Christ doth not suffer his flocke to erre so is it also as certaine on the other part that he doth not accompt any for his sheepe but chose which heare his voyce and those heare his voyce which hearken vnto him speaking in the Scriptures and making them clearely to vnderstand his will. God hauing first sent his Prophets hath nowe in the ende sent from heauen his owne worde which hath sayd to vs Search the Scriptures and this is that same worde also which hath sent the holy Spirite to the Apostles If we then wyll feele the Spirit it behoueth that we heare the word for the Spirit is sent from the word but the cleargie of Rome doe make no accompt of this word In stead of hearkening vnto it it will be heard afore it in steade of obeying vnto it it will make commaundements of it selfe in respect of which those of Gods haue bene neglected yea it hath abolished cut of certaine commaundements wholy and that openly It followeth then that it can not boast neither of the spirit neither of the leading thereof forasmuch as this spirite proceedeth from the sending of the essentiall word who hath left vs his word in the holy Scriptures So we see the a king wil coÌ„municate his authoritie to a parliameÌ„t to the end to make them obey his lawes to distribute them to his people but if the parliameÌ„t shal abuse them to the end to make it self obeyed aboue the king and the lawes themselues he will straightwayes take his authoritie from it Nowe God and his lawe in respect of the Church are farre greater then these for there can be no proportion of that which is infinite to that which is finite And therefore is it any wonder if he haue taken from the prelates of the Church of Rome the gifts of his spirit when they woulde giue authoritie to their vaine traditions aboue the lawe it selfe and that vnder the shadow of his Spirite We say that the spirit and the word are inseparably ioyned and knit together and that without great sacriledge they cannot be separated forasmuch as Iesus Christ who is the word it self hath so taught vs When that same coÌ„forter shall come that same spirite I meane of trueth he shall leade you saith he into all trueth for he shall not speake of himselfe but whatsoeuer he shall heare that shall he speake He shall glorifie me for he shall receyue of mine and shall shewe it vnto you and shall bring all thinges to your remembrance which I haue tolde you c. If this spirite heare the worde and speake nothing of his owne by a more strong reason the Church shoulde if she be gouerned and lead by the same spirite He sayth also vnto his Apostles I vvill be vvith you till the ende of the vvorld This he vnderstandeth by the vertue of his spirite but he had sayd before in the selfe same verse Teaching them to obserue al things vvhatsoeuer I haue commaunded that is to say my worde And therefore Saint Paul preaching the word both by liuely voyce

prayed to God acknowledged his owne infirmitie and hereof also it came that hee that esteemed more of him selfe then al his companions should stumble and fall more shamefully then all they The Churche of Rome therefore shoulde rather drawe this conclusion from thence which is more agreeable to the text that as he trusting to much to himselfe renounced God and did worse then all the rest so likewise it maye doe when it is made to beleeue that it can not erre And therefore it should followe that according to his example it should weepe at the crowing of the cocke and acknowledge all the faultes thereof Thirdly if this followe Christ prayed for Peter Ergo the Church of Rome which is founded by him can not erre then must it followe also that the Churches which were founded by the other Apostles can not erre For Iesus Christ drawing neere to his Crosse prayed most earnestly for his Apostles and for all those which shoulde beleeue in him through their preaching to the end they might be one in the Father in him that is to say that they might be inseparably knit vnto him And yet the Romish Churche hath excommunicated them as heretikes and hath holden them as cut of from saluation It foloweth then either that this conclusion is false Iesus Christ prayed Ergo it can not erre or else that hee ment the inuisible Church against which hell gates cannot preuaile Fourthly S. Paul vnderstood not this subtiltie forasmuch as we see that hee admonisheth the Romanes called from amongest the Gentiles that they should not proudly aduauÌ„ce them selues against the Iewes vnder this shadowe that they were entred into their place For saith he the naturall branches were cut of through vnbeleefe and thou art engrafted in by faith and if God haue not spared them take heede least he also spare not thee that is to say take heed that thou fal not from faith as they haue done he meaneth then that he thought them not to be without the compasse of the danger Neither did Cyprian likewise writing to the clergie of Rome saying That the praise which S. Paul attributed to the Church of Rome that their faith was made knowen throughout the worlde shoulde be turned to their shame if they did not perseuer to inherite this faith Nor S. Hierom also wheÌ„ he saith That after that couetousnes was entred into the Church as it was into the Empire the Law should perish from the Priestes and the vision from the Prophets Nor all the ancient fathers when they tooke Rome for that Babylon in the Apocalyps for the seat of Antichrist as we shal see hereafter And therfore they should doe a great deale better to followe their olde glose vpon this place of S. Luke that as in praying for him he saith O Peter I haue kept thee that thy faith shoulde not faile euen so also comforte the poore weak ones by thy example of repentance to the end that by their sinnes they fall not into despaire but that they hope for mercye as hath bene shewed vnto thee Finally besides all these foresaide reasons betweent the Antecedent Christ prayed for Peter the consequent The Church of Rome can not erre there are infinite thinges to proue betweene these two sentences to wit That S. Peter was head of the Apostles of the church That he was at Rome That he was B. there That he particularly founded any church there That he had this prerogatiue aboue the rest that he coulde not erre That he either tyed it or coulde tye it to that chaire either for the popes or for the Romish Church The which things ought first to be plainely proued before we can come to any such conclusion Let vs come then to ours following our promises and notwithstanding their obiectioÌ„ of this place let vs conclude with the holy Scriptures and the practise of all times this present disputation Our Lord Iesus Christ hath deliuered to his Church the holy Scripture as a compasse to a shippe for to conduct and guide it to Saluation Looking vnto this compasse she can not be deceiued for it sheweth alwayes vnto her her marke whatsoeuer winde do driue her and not looking vnto it she can not but erre and goe out of the way no more then all the pilots or Shipmasters of the world together know without a good coÌ„passe to keep their course one only houre To the churches which follow his worde he hath promised theÌ„ the presence of his spirit From these which make no accompt of it he withdraweth him selfe accompting theÌ„ vnworthy of his presence which disdaine to harken to his voice Hereof it is that the Church in all her estates and places hath greatly erred gone out of the way but more this then al the rest which hath bene more bold to intermedle without the leading of the worde which hath most presumed of her owne abilitie to witte the Romishe Church If she haue no other priuiledges and promises then the visible and vniuersall Church there is no doubt but she may erre For we haue seene by her owne confession that she hath erred euen in the matters of saluation in her most notable meÌ„bers If she haue any speciall priuiledge as that which shee alledgeth of Saint Peters Seate yet for all that as wee haue proued that exempteth her not neither from errour nor heresie But to the ende men may see howe vaine and weake this foundation is whereupon they woulde builde an article of so great weight it followeth that wee examine those titles by vertue whereof shee pretendeth this priuiledge That the Pope or Bishop of Rome is not head of the vniuersall visible Church by any right of the lawe of god CHAP. VII WHen we demaund of our aduersaries vpon what their traditions are founded which they make equall with the articles of our fayth which haue not anye shewe of foundation in the holye Scripture they answere vs that they are the ordinances of the Church If hereupon wee will beate them downe alledging that the Church must be gouerned after God his will conteyned in his woorde and that such doctrines are not agreeable thereunto they reply that the Church can not erre in the matters of Saluation If wee proue farther vnto them by the discourse of all times that often tymes shee hath abandoned the pure seruice of God to follow her owne inuentions euen vntill shee hath bene defiled with al abhominable idolatries they reply that the Romish church hath this particular priuiledge that it can not erre because it is S. Peters seate the head of the Apostles of al the Church And therfore by this meanes all the controuersies in a maner that we haue with theÌ„ come to be brought to this question Whether the B. of Rome or the sea of Rome for they are different in themselues be head of the church In this quality there is attributed to the pope power to change the

institution of Christ in the Sacraments to change according to the time the interpretation of the holy scripture to make newe articles of the faith to derogate from the olde Testament from S. Paule his epistles as the vicar of Christ successour of S. Peter This then according to their iudgemeÌ„t is an article of great importaÌ„ce to saluation vpon which all other articles necessarie to saluation are founded In the selfe same quality iurisdiction is giuen vnto him ouer all the East churches to cut them of froÌ„ the CoÌ„munion of the Church to leaue them for a pray to the Turk because they will not acknowledge him To be short it is come to this point that he calleth himself king of kings to establish empires at his own wil to set out kingdomes for a pray to dispence with subiectes for their othe made to their prince This therfore is an article not onely belonging to the saluation of euerye Christian particularly and to all in generall for that same vnion which is so much commended vnto vs but also necessarie to policie to the obedience due to magistrates to the whole life of man But nowe wee see that Iesus Christ his Apostles haue deliuered vnto vs the articles of our faith the doctrine of the Sacraments of the obedience which is due to our superiors in plaine expresse termes and those very often repeated in many places It followeth then that this article by the which new articles of faith are established the changing of the Sacraments the setting vp deposing of princes the subiecting of heauen and earth vnder the power of one onely man must bee there plainely set foorth Nowe if it be not there expresly conteined one of these two things must folow either that our Lord his apostles took pleasure to hide these things froÌ„ vs to make a math confusion of heauen and earth together which to thinke were verye execrable blasphemie or else it must bee altogether false and consequently all that is builded vpon it must quite fall downe and bee vtterly razed to the ground Nowe I doe adiure euerye one euen as they loue their saluation that they weygh wel the proofes of this article For if the very foundation of the popishe doctrine which is this here haue no foundation in Christ it followeth that the pope hath layd another fouÌ„dation in the Church then Christ contrary to that which the Apostle saith and by consequent that hee is none of those which hath builded vpon the foundation of Christ woode haye stone but the Antichrist him selfe which hath setled him selfe in the place of the chiefe corner stone which is the onely fundation of the Church We say that Iesus Christ is the head of the Churche our aduersaries say that it is S. Peter in his successors or rather the pope and the Church of Rome because of S. Peter his seat Now as we haue found the body out of the Scriptures to wit the church so likewise we ought not to search for the head any where else S. Paul saith that Christ is the head of the church the church the accoÌ„plishmeÌ„t of him which hath accomplished all in all Also that Christ is the head of the Churche as the husband of the wife and the Sauiour of his body Also wee which are manye are one body in Christ euery one of vs are meÌ„bers one of another These places are so cleare the our proposition can not be denied Thereupon they will graunt vs that Christ is the head of the Church but they will say that there must be a head and generall lieutenant in the gouernment thereof that this is S. Peter in his Successors whome they call for distinction sake the ministerial head of the Church This is it that they must proue vnto vs by plaine textes for wee flatly deny it vnto them First of all we must not here imagine an earthly kingdome For Iesus Christ hath taught vs that his kingdome is not of this world if his be not of this world then much lesse shall his be whosoeuer shal enterprise to be his lieutenant This lieutenantshippe then is neither temporall nor secular neither can it be stretched ouer the empires of the earth neither can the B. of Rome in this qualitie call him selfe the Monarch or onely gouernour both of the spiritual temporal But as the kingdom of Christ is spiritual to wit the gouernmeÌ„t of the soules of the faithfull whoÌ„ he fedeth by his word as S. Paul sayeth that it is peace ioy righteousnes through his spirit so must it be likewise that the administration or gouernmeÌ„t of his seruaÌ„ts must be spiritual to wit the ministery of the word from whence proceede those forenamed effects much lesse ought we to imagine an earthly king For Christ is the Sonne of the eternal God who stileth euery thing with his power who by the vertue of his spirite is present to all thinges and is present with those that consent in his name to the ende of the world He needeth not therefore any lieutenant as doe other earthly princes for to winne the heartes of his people for these are the effectes of his Spirite giuing efficacie to his worde the which no man how great holy â–ª soeuer he seeme can attribute to him selfe And if they finde it strange that our Lord by his spirite in that he is God doth gouerne his Church forasmuch as he hath promised so to doe Let them not thinke it more strange that we deny his corporall and carnall presence in their masse which he hath not instituted Againe here is no question of a kingdome which may be gouerned by a lieutenant alone but of preaching the Gospell throughout the whole worlde of reconciling al the people of the world by the word vnto God in a woorde of the Ministerye of the Gospell which consisteth in administring the worde and Sacraments in all places Nowe it is certaine that no man can accomplish this but onely he who is the worde it selfe and the alone sacrifice because that with his manhode hee hath Godhead and power that is infinite Therfore there can none but he bee the Bishop of Bishoppes the Pastour of Pastours and the high Priest and none can bee this Ministeriall head or Lieutenant in his offices But rather euery Bishoppe and pastor amongest his flocke may represent Christ in exercising his charge without acknowledging of the Bishop of Rome to be aboue him as hath bene most largelye disputed by Cusan the Cardinall in the time of the Council of Constance That which they alledge of Moses and Aaron that they were heades the one of the common wealth the other of the sacrifices whilest yet God walked in the middest of his people is but naughtely drawen into a consequence For besides that there was the expresse institution of God in their persons and in the successors of Aaron for

Princes and people haue bene such noddies so ignorant that they haue suffered them selues to be troden vnder their feete And this were to doe the auncient doctors great wrong to apply theÌ„ to the refuting of this place whereupon some by the two swords vnderstand the olde and newe Testament others sounde doctrine and good example of life as also their owne glose doth But I report me to euery man if this be not opeÌ„ly to deride Christ his word to say vnto him Haile king of the Iewes as the Pharises did whether these goodly swords deserue any otherwise to be refuted then by the lawfull sword of all Princes which beare the title of Christians And eueÌ„ as wel grosided is that God hath made two lights the Pope is the Sunne the Emperour the Moone Ergo the Pope I know not howe many thousande times is greater then the Emperor Against which I will oppose none but their owne I sidore alledged by a Sorbonist who by the Sunne vnderstandeth a kingdome by the Moone the priesthood Also Iesus Christ comaunded the deuils to enter into the swine ergo the Pope is lord of the Temporaltie This passeth al kinde of blasphemy Our Lord saith Al power is giueÌ„ to me from the father aswel in heauen as in earth The Pope hath therefore an absolute coÌ„maundement ouer heaueÌ„ earth And yet are these the ordinarie allegations of their decretals But they are now better aduised in their last disputations touching certeine other places but as ill to the purpose as blasphemous as the other It is writteÌ„ say the Iesuits of our time I will iudge saith the Lord betvvixt the sheepe and the sheepe betvvixt the RaÌ„mes the Goates Therefore S. Peter his successors are iudges of al the earth S. August hath made an whole booke vpon this Chap. of Eze. yet neuer thought of this article of faith which was hidden in this verse But let vs reason of their words quite contrary Ezechiel saith that God vvil iudge betvvene the sheepe the sheepe c. the Pope saith that he will be he therefore he setteth himselfe in Gods seate It followeth therefore that the Pope is he of whoÌ„ S. Paul hath foretold vs that would lift vp himselfe aboue all that is called god Also S Peter saith that baptizme was represeÌ„ted by the Arke whereof this conclusioÌ„ foloweth that as by the Arke mankind was saued as it were begotteÌ„ againe euen so ChristiaÌ„s are regenerated by baptizme c. They reason thereupoÌ„ quite coÌ„trary Baptizme was figured by the Arke Noah was head of his sonnes in the Arke ergo Saint Peter his sonnes in the Arke ergo Saint Peter his successors are heads of the church I aske theÌ„ in what Lorgicke schoole this maner of reasoning may be allowed But with their leaue we will conclude otherwise Iustine Martyr one of that auncieÌ„tst doctors of the Church expounding this place He saith that Noah vvas a figure of Christ because he vvas the beginning of another generation regenerated by vvater And the Pope sayth that he was a figure of him It followeth then either that the Pope is Christ or else that he cannot be any other but he who woulde aduaunce himselfe to that place in the Church to wit Antichrist I woulde haue bene ashamed to haue alledged these places for them were it not that they which haue no shame to defende the Pope in this time are so impudent to alledge them and to make great bookes thereof And by this a man may see howe destitute they are of playne places when they are driuen to haue recourse to such But forasmuch as it appeareth not by the holy Scripture that our Lord hath ordeyned Peter head of the Church but altogether the contrary It followeth then that we see if S. Peter before his death hath euer exercised this charge and also if the other Apostles haue yeelded so much vnto him He was sent with Iohn into Samaria by the Apostles Now amongst men he that sendeth is aboue him that is sent he was accused amongst the brethren for hauing coÌ„uersation amongst the Gentiles This vvent fore and yet notwithstanding he excuseth himselfe towardes them He did not then what seemed good to himselfe without beyng answereable for it to the brethren In the Councill at Ierusalem he propounded his opinion concerning the matter of the Gentiles whose vocation was reueyled vnto him and Iames there concludeth as President and letters are dispatched awaye in the name of the whole assemblie And yet this shoulde haue bene the place where this preeminence ought to haue appeared To be short he calleth himselfe a companion or fellowe of the Elders of the Church and louingly exhorteth them as his equalles and not by decrees and commaundementes c. If we should goe any further Saint Paul in two first chapters of the Epistle to the Galatians declareth that he was not subiect vnto him that Saint Peter required it not of him but onely that he gaue him the hande of fellowshippe to trauayle in the Lordes vineyarde and that he reprooued him to his face and that he resisted him as his fellowe and companion And their ordinarie glose sayeth vpon this place The other Apostles seemed to be more worthie then Paul because they were sent by Iesus Christ but he was a great deale more woorthie then they because he was sent by Christ altogether immortall whereas they were but sent by Christ then a mortall man Also he learned nothing of Peter nor of the rest but contrariwise he taught Peter and they conferred not any thing to him but he rather conferred and profited Peter Also the Lord Iesus sayeth Saint Paul which is in vs all hath ordeyned some Apostles some Prophets some Doctors c. for the Ministerie of his Gospell Also we are one body and one spirite hauing the same hope of calling one God one faith one Baptisme It shoulde haue followed that he shoulde haue adioyned in recommendation of this vnitie a ministeriall head of the Church Peter and his successours in the See of Rome Hitherto then we haue not so much as any appearance of primacie Yea but Peter is sometyme first named A poore foundation of so monstruous a buylding And the Uirgine Marie is named in some places the last and Saint Peter himselfe by Paul after S. Iames. But he was wont oftentymes to speake first and he was endowed with great giftes and oftentimes he is called by the fathers the chiefe amoÌ„gst the Apostles And who of vs is there that doth denie S. Peters excellencie that doeth not wonder at his incomparable zeale that doeth not place him in the vppermost seate of the Church And contrariwise who is he that doth more dishonour him then the Pope who hideth his filthinesses and vilanies vnder S. Peters Cloke vnder the colour of his name filleth all the worlde ful

were so impudent as to falsifie a decree of the council of Nice bringing foorth in steade thereof the articles of the councill of Sardes yet corrupted and falsified pretending that from all parts men might appeale to the bishop of Rome But the fathers of the councill had learned well to saye that they would not beleeue those productions and therfore sent to the originalls and they being seene they pronounced the quite contrary Leo the first receiued Eutyches condemned by Flauianus the bishop of Constantinople for a time mainteyned him against him whereupon his heresie first tooke footing and grewe which might then at once haue bene quenched But none approued this vsurpation To be short in the time of Chrysostome this ambition was so great amongest them that he complained that to obteine supremacie the bishops of Rome had filled the Churches with blood had defiled the Supper of the Lord with murthers vntill they had vtterly for it destroyed whole cities And he that will see the ciuil warres for they likewise name them which were at Rome betweene Damasus and Vrsicius in the time of Saint Hierome whether of them should be bishop and afterwards betweene Laurence and Symmachus he maye reade them in Ruffinus Amian Marcellin and their owne Pontificall it selfe And howsoeuer it were all the contentions that were made by the bishops of Rome in the auncient Church yea till the time of the murthering of Phocas for the supremacie looke how many they were they were alwaies arguments from age to age and as determined sentences against them in so much that they alwayes lost their cause whatsoeuer instaÌ„ce they made or whatsoeuer diligence they vsed in pleading of it But they will obiecte vnto me that neuerthelesse the bishop of Rome hath helde the chiefe place amongst the Patriarches I agree thereto but yet I deuie that it was to commaunde others And in deede it is expressely said that he shall not be called vniuersall bishop but onely the bishop of the first See. I say moreouer that this is not in respect that he was the successour of S. Peter and lesse by vertue of those places alledged out of the holy Scripture But because that in seates there must be a first a second place according to humame order I say that this was ordeyned in consideration of that order wherby the citie of Rome was set aboue others If it had bene by the Scriptures it should haue bene a wonderfull thing that for 600. yeeres together these mysteries should haue bene hidden from the Church If in respecte of the founder why not rather at Antioche and at Alexandria after Gregorie or to all other bishopricks after Cusan who saith that all bishops are Peters successors equall in the essentiall dignitie although they differ in the administration and gouernment as the bishops of Spaine themselues haue disputed in the last councill of Trent Moreouer that Hierusalem should be the first and not the fourth seeing the Saluation of the world did there gouerne Or why is Antioche whereof Saint Peter was bishop put after Alexandria which can alledge nothing but the succession of Saint Marke his disciple To be short what hurt hath Saint Iohn the welbeloued disciple of our Lord done vnto them who so long time preached in Ephesus which notwithstanding is not nombred amongst the patriarchall cities Or what newe Apostle hath founded Constantinople three hundred yeres after the death of our Lord to attribute vnto it the second See But there is none that hath but a litle iudgement that doth not well enough marke that all the preeminences of these Sees rather proceede from the rancke and places which their cities holde then from the establishment of Christian religion Rome was then the seat of the Empire and the glorie of all the world good learning there flourished it was the chiefe of all the peoples of the earth and therefore when all the bishops were gathered together they gaue the bishop of Rome the first place for ciuilitie and courtesies sake Likewise wee reade in the histories that Alexandria and Antioch were after Rome the most famous cities and according to that degree which their gouernours helde they also helde their bishopprickes And concerning Ierusalem that was so greatly accompted of for the first originall of true Religion and therefore likewise was not reckoned in the least place for Plinie calleth it the head of all the East but yet her place was ill kept after she had lost her first glorie Afterwards Constantinople came to be builded which was called the second Rome And then also we see the councill of Constantinople where there were sixe hundreth bishops who gaue vnto it the second place which had not bene done if they had had regard to the degree of the founder and not to the degree of the citie by reason of whose might also this dignitie was confirmed vnto it by the Emperour Iustinian Aquila in Italie was called the second Rome Also there was a Patriarchship there established yea Rauenna it selfe was a long time holden not to be subiecte to Rome and it had her owne Cardinalls apart and by themselues and as Venice beganne to growe great so it had the Patriarchship of Grado for it To be short he that shall marke from countrey to countrey the erection of patriarchships and archbishopricks he shal finde no other consideration then this the same that Pope Lucinus saith alledged by Gratian That at the first they instituted Primates of the Church according to temporall policie Also Pope Clement himselfe saith That where there were chiefe Priests of the Painims there they established Primats of Christians the which is repeated in the same wordes by Peter Lombard in his fourth booke of Sentences The councill of Chalcedon wherein notwithstanding the earnest requests of Pope Leo the first the second See was giuen to the Citie Constantinople vseth also the same woordes The fathers vpon good righte with one consent agreed that the priuiledge of the first See should belong vnto olde Rome because of the Empire there and wee also moued with the same consideration agree that the second shal be at new Rome And in the 12. Act of the same council the reasoning betwixt the bishop of Nice of Basianopolis is grounded vpon the dignitie of the cities And to cut of all such controuersies this Canon was there passed That these Cities onely shoulde be holden for Metropolitans to which Kings and Princes had done this honor by their statutes And the Council of Thurin there addeth That if the earthly superioritie were translated from one Citie to another that then the right of the Archbishoprick should be translated likewise To be short when the seate of the Empire was translated to newe Rome that is to say to Constantinople we see that the Bishop of that place by by tooke vnto himselfe the primacie whereof they held euen as much as they coulde and when that

the dignitie of the citie but that all that was more was from the deuill and by vsurpation Whereupon it followeth that in regard of the ministerial head of the Church he could not pretend to be lesse subiect to error then other bishops and patriarkes neither the latine Church lesse then those of Greece others of the East And so we returne notwithstanding their exception to our former coÌ„clusion That the articles grounded vpon the authoritie of the Pope and the church of Rome are ouerthrowne and al their traditions inuentions subiect to the examination of the holy Scripture as are the doctrines of all other Churches That the Pope in affirming himselfe to be head of the Churche and not being so in deede is the Antichrist in the Church and that he cannot be receiued vvith any other then the papistical doctrine CHAP. IX THE Pope not being head of the Church as he saith he is and hauing no other titles to prooue this generall Lieutenant shippe which he so proudly exerciseth we saye that he is the plague of the whole body a tyraunt in the common weale Antichrist in the church And for to prooue this I will not enter into the particular explication of those predictions which are in Daniel in the epistle to the Thessalonians in the Apocalypse which in times past were darckened but now are made cleere For also many learned men not onely of our time but 300. yeres agoe haue made those bookes plaine amiddest the ignorance of the world crueltie of the Pope But I saye that although he were not so liuely painted out vnto vs as he is in those foresaid places yet his doctrine ought to make vs knowe that he is the very Antichrist with whom the Church was threatned and that there could not be in ChristeÌ„dome any thing more pernicious then that doctrine which he hath brought in First to take away al doubt the Scripture speaketh vnto vs of many Antichrists For euery hereticke which setteth himselfe against the truth he is in very deed an Antichrist but it speaketh vnto vs of one amongst others who shall haue his seate in the Church of God and shall vsurpe Gods place who as Origen saith must be the great Antichrist among other Antichrists This is he of whom we haue now to speake Secondly when the Scripture speaketh of Antichrist it saith that it shal be an Apostacie or a falling backe from the faith Also that that mysterie of iniquitie began to worke in Paul his time and that it should no otherwise be destroyed but by the comming of Iesus Christ Againe that he must builde his greatnes vpon the ruine of the Romane Empire and giue life to that lost beast that is to say as all the auncient fathers haue expounded to this Empire and namely S. Augustine in the xx booke of the citie of God Chrysostome vpon that place where S. Paul handleth this matter And we knowe that the Romane Empire fell by litle litle and peece by peece It foloweth then that Antichrist is not one man alone which must come at one instant of time but is an estate seat and succession of men an Empire lifted vp against Iesus Christ as we see the Scripture vnder the name of certaine beastes to describe Empires And this also is the interpretation of S. Augustine vpon that place Thirdly Antichrist is called that false prophet vomiting out blasphemies against the most highest His Empire therefore consisteth in false doctrine not in armes he is called a woman an whore he shall therefore wind in himselfe and come in by pleasaunt wayes sleightes and flatteries deceyuing men through his crafte drawing them to his spiritual whordome which is idolatrie He is also called the sonne of perdition as Iudas Againe he shall not assayle the Church by open force but he shall betray her with a kisse and shall not enter by the breach or by a strong scaling ladder but by counterfaiting the keyes by painted Emblemes and secretly like a thiefe And in very deede the Empires which consisted in forces and armes they are figured in the scriptures vnder the name of Wolues Lyons Beares and such other rauening beastes whereas for this ye haue but women whoredomes cuppes drinckings enchantments that is to say deceipts crafts and subtilties whereupon the schoolemen themselues haue concluded that this chiefe Antichrist which is here described can neither be Mahomet nor the Empire of the Turkes Fourthly he is properly called Antichrist and not Antithee that is to say contrary to Christ the Mediator and not simply against God therefore particularly he shal be against Christ Iesus our Lorde And all the doctrine of Christ consisteth in the office of the Mediatorship in the benefit of his death and passion This then shall be the speciall doctrine that he will chiefely labour to abolish It is oftentimes saide that he shall sitte in the Church of God being there acknowledged as god Nowe it is certaine that if he shoulde say that he were Christ or shoulde preach directly against Christ the Church would not suffer this in the middest of her nor suffer him to raigne It is likewise said That he shall haue tvvo hornes like to the lambe speaking notvvithstanding as the Dragon that is to say he shall counterfaite the doctrine and holinesse of Christ although he speake nothing but impieties as Satan doeth It foloweth therefore to make these markes to agree together that it must be that Antichrist of whom nowe the controuersie is that he must speake in shewe as Christ but in deede and in effect against Christ and honoring him in wordes and yet as much as lieth in him robbing him of his glorie And that he is the true Antichrist of whom the question is who vnder the shadowe of Christ shall ouerthrowe his doctrine and put him selfe in Christ his place Saint Augustine handling this matter doeth no otherwyse vnderstande it Let vs not regarde saith he the tongue but the deede Antichrist is a lyer which maketh profession of Christ and yet denieth him in effect And a litle after Howe sayest thou that I denye him in effect Because Christ sayth he is come in the flesh to the ende that he should die for vs. Chrysostome sayth That he must be knowen by his doctrine and neyther by titles miracles nor wordes of holinesse Saint Hilary sayth That Antichrist shal be contrary to Christ vnder opinion of an hypocriticall and faigned godlinesse And in another place O ye fooles who are mooued and rauished and caught in loue with woordes and gorgeous seelinges of Churches Doe ye doubt that this shall one day be the seate of Antichriste It behooueth vs nowe therefore to consider who it is that sitteth in the Church who speaketh more of Christ and leaste esteemeth him who more honoureth him with trayterous kysses and blasphemeth more against his coÌ„ming who in the chaire of Christ is

world and these gay distinctions de congruo de condigno of congruence and condignitie which altogether destroy the comming of the Messiah And they haue gone so farre that the more deuout sort bought the merites of Fryers and Monkes which they called workes of supererogation that is to say that these Fryers had ynough to merite Paradise so as a man might not onely of himselfe be saued but he myght buye his saluation by the workes of another And yet notwithstandyng all this sinne is in such sort engrauen in man that it is felt in those that are most blockish and therefore the most part seeke yet the Physition and can neuer content themselues with it But behold an other craft of Antichrist to abolish the comming of the Messiah whereas they should onely be directed to Christ the onely Physition for sinners he directeth them to men and by litle and litle so well he acquiteth himselfe they are altogether directed to himselfe Iesus Christ sayeth vnto all Call vpon me He stretcheth out his armes to euery one he preuenteth vs with his mercie he draweth vs to him selfe as it were by strong hande In stead of shewing vs him the Pope sendeth vs to the virgine Marie and to Saynts and to their merites as though all they together in all their lyfe could deserue any thing but death or hope for any thing after their death but hel fire without the death of Iesus Christ our Lorde To this ende so shamelesse they were in this kingdome of darknesse that they corrupted the firste promise which God made to our Fathers concerning Christ to come which should bruse the head of the Serpent transferring it to the virgine Marie Also they attributed and applied to her al that which is spoken of the Father and the Sonne in Dauids Psalter In te domina speraui Miserere mei Domina Dixit dominus dominae meae Sede mater mea a dextris meis c. In thee haue I trusted O Lady Haue mercy vpon me O Lady The Lorde hath sayd to my Lady Sitte my mother at my right hand c. In such sorte that these blasphemies which they called Our Ladyes houres were the chiefe deuotion of those that were most deuout Howe seeing the virgine Marie was put in Christe his place I aske what remayned for him And if for bringing foorth a childe shee had accomplished the saluation of those that call vpon her why then what neede was there that he should deliuer himselfe to death for vs From the selfe same roote sprong the fourteene Saints that we must call vpon in the time of our necessitie the patrones of eche profession the Physitions for euery disease that we must woorship by vowes Pilgrimages and Offrings and their Images with censinges payntings and all kyndes of woorshppinges so that the Church of Rome had goddes not as the Iewish Church had according to the nomber of their Citties but almost according to the nomber of their citizens Whereupon the saluation of the worlde was parted amongst so many persons that the worlde knewe nothing of the onely saluation I saye of him who by his death had purchased lyfe for vs to witte of Iesus Christe our Lorde To helpe sinnes which are the diseases of the soule we had the merites of Sayntes both quicke and dead whereof a great nomber as Saynt Augustine sayeth is in hell or at least were in daunger to be there For remedy agaynst daungers of the bodye as sickenesses losses fyre shipwrackes stripes woundes prysons wee had Sayntes to looke to euery of these as had the Paynims one onely thing remayned to our Sautour That in the conclusion of prayer hee was by custome named without anie thinking vpon him as it were in the stile of a notarie What shall wee saye more of the abominable impietie that the popedome had brought in amongst Christians He founde out for vs a Saynt Frauncis as it were a newe Christe of whom menne haue taught these opinions bothe by preachyng and imprinted bookes sette foorth by their priuiledge That hee coulde saue all men that shall liue after him to the end of the worlde through his merits from euerlasting death That he that shal take the habite or apparel of Saint Frauncis hath the same vertue as to be clothed with Christ through Baptisme That to die or to be buried in his habite deliuereth from the paynes of purgatorie To be short coÌ„paring Iesus Christ with him they make him in all things farre inferiour And to the ende women should not haue lesse priuiledge then men they haue taught that the virgine Marie by the merite of her virginitie might saue all women that should put their trust in her and that Saynt Claire came at the same time that Saynt Frauncis did to saue all those that should call vpon her to the ende of the worlde And what would haue bene the ende of these blasphemies if men had not resisted them Do we thinke there would haue bene any mention of Christ in our dayes I doe not tell you any fables The bookes that men made foure hundred or fiue hundred yeeres agoe are full of such like doctrine which hitherto they dare not disalowe These were the readings of the schooles and of the most notable chaires when Luther beganne to reueyle Antichrist And yet further beholde the absolution they gaue to their penitentiaries The passion of Christ and the merits of the blessed virgine Marie of Saynt Peter of Saynt Paul and of other hee Sayntes and shee Saintes of paradise be vnto thee in remission of thy sinnes wherby the Franciscane Fryers do inseparably ioyne Saynt Frauncis with Iesus Christ See then howe the Popes contrarie to the worde of God and vniforme doctrine of all the auncient Fathers haue taught the people the remission of their sinnes in Iesus Christ alone and him crucified who notwithstanding is so sufficient for our saluation that Saint Paul sayd he neither knewe nor would knowe any other thing But as the Pope and his supporters had turned away the people from Christ to the virgine Marie and from the virgine Marie to the Apostles and from the Apostles to olde Sayntes and from the olde Sayntes to newe whom they haue canonized according to their fantasie and after to their Temples Chappels Sepulchres Bones Relikes and Images Finally they haue gone so farre astraye that by litle and litle he drewe all to himselfe and by processe of time wholly put him selfe in the place of Iesus Christ our Lorde The bloud of Iesus Christ shed vpon the tree of the Crosse is the satisfaction for the sinnes of all those that beleeue in him This is the onely marke of all the olde and newe Testament But the Pope the contemner of all religion bare the worlde in hande that he was the treasourer of this great raunsome payde for our sinnes And that to be partaker thereof we must come vnto him And he will distribute this benefite to whom he thinketh

religion in great detestation one sort of theÌ„ be stiffe in Iudaisme the other perswade theÌ„ selues that all religion is nothing else but an instrument of policie I aske then for conclusion for what worse we shoulde looke from Antichrist theÌ„ to make Christ vnprofitable to Christians abhominable to Iewes and Painims shall we waite til he preach Atheisme and godlesnesse in Temples yea but they which see but the sunne moone and the order of all thinges will spit in his face What then till he preach the gods of the Romanes And what difference shal we make betweene the worship of Castor and Pollux that of Saint Ratherin and of Saint Nicholas seeing that both the one the other maketh vs quite to forget our saluation And forasmuch as he hath left preaching in the Temple of which it must needes be that he tooke possession it foloweth therefore that the Pope none other is Antichrist who vnder the name of Christ hath spoyled Christ of his place Nowe adde vnto his doctrine which is the essentiall marke the circumstances of persons Simoniakes Magicians Atheists whoremasters and Sodomites of the place where Antichrist should be to wit in the citie with seuen hilles described in the Apocalypse of the times of sixe hundreth sixtie sixe which falleth out iustly to the time that the Pope made himselfe to be acknowledged for vniuersal Bishop exempt from the subiection of any other and there can remaine no more doubt that this shoulde not be he Nowe if any man would yet demaunde testimonies of the auncient fathers from tyme to tyme first we haue this that all the doctrine of the olde Church is expressely contrarie to the doctrine of the Popes which we haue before mentioned they not beyng able anye maner of way to staye or settle them selues thereon And concernyng the markes although they spoke of them afarre of yet they drawe so nye thereto that those which they delyuer vnto vs to knowe hym by cannot be vnderstoode of any other then of him alone Saint Irenee who is a most auncient doctor of the Church the scholler of Polycarpe and Polycarpe of Saint Iohn who wrote the Apocalypse disputing of Antichrist sawe him no where else but in the Citie of Rome and in the Romishe Church For namely he saith that the latine Church shoulde be his seate and that he proueth after the opinion of his predecessours by the nomber of 666. mentioned in the Apocalypse which was fouÌ„d in these wordes ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ and ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ that is to say latine and the latine Church I alledge not this to play the Cabalist vpon letters but to shew that then they sawe that this monster must be borne at Rome which we see at this daye through the speciall grace of GOD to decaye and totter Saint Chrysostome vpon the Epistle to the Thessalonians Towardes the declyning or decaying saith he of the Romane Empire Antichrist shall come and not without cause For this Empire beyng so renoumed none will easely be subiect vnto it But this being destroyed hee shall inuade the power of the Empire being voyde and shall take it to hym selfe in somuch as hee wyll take vppon hym the Empire both of God and men For as all kyngdomes which were before the Romane Empire were destroyed euen so shal the kingdome of the Romanes be destroyed by Antichrist and he by Christe after that he shall haue no more power The same teacheth that he shall coÌ„e vnder the visard of holines and of myracles of superstitions counterfet godlinesse Now I reporte me to all that haue read histories if the Pope haue not growen and come to it by the ruine of the Romane Empire and if it were by any other way then fayned religion Saint Hylary Take heede sayth he of Antichrist It is a vilennie that you should be so mad at the walles You abuse your selues in reuerencing goodly buyldyngs for the Church of God For that is the place where Antichrist shall haue his seate It must not therefore be that we search for him as some suppose amongest the Barbarous but in the most cleare and manifest place of the visible Church Saint Hierome the Minister writing vnto Marcella This Babylon saith he and this vvhore clothed vvith Purple vvhich is paynted foorth vnto vs in the Apocalypse can signifie no other thing vnto vs but Rome and he repeateth the same in the lyfe of Saint Marke and Cusan the Cardinall addeth That Bede and all the auncient interpreters haue so expounded it Saynt Augustine Babylon is the first Rome Rome the second Babylon Also expouÌ„ding that place of Saint Paul in the second to the Thessalonians Antichrist shall come towardes the ending of the Romane Empire and he shall not be a prince or one man alone but a multitude of men are belonging vnto him who together with him shal be called Antichrist and he shall sitte in the Temple of God as though he and his were the Church of God it selfe And in another place He shall renewe Idolatrie he shall scatter the doctrine of the Gospell and to this ende he shal keepe Magicians Coniurers and Enchauntters c. Nowe euery one knoweth the false miracles wherewith he hath abused the people to lead them away froÌ„ Christ And he that will see howe many of the Popes came to their popedome by magicke and sorcerie that is to saye howe they were created by the deuill and no more successours of Peter but of Simon the Magician Let them reade that which their owne story wryters haue written thereof as Cardinall Benno Peter the Monke Volateran Sabellicus and Platina which I willingly omitte least I make the readers quake for horror of such wickednesse Saynt Gregorie Byshop of Rome as hee was more neere vnto it then others so hath he spoken therof more clearely then those that went before him Let it not seeme a light thing sayeth he vnto thee that Antichrist shall auouche himselfe to be God For I say confidentlye and boldely vnto you that vvhosoeuer shall call himselfe vniuersall Bishoppe or Minister and vvilbe so called hee is the very foreruÌ„ner of Antichrist In other places he sayth That he is Lucifer vvhich aduaunceth himselfe aboue Angels and vvill sette himselfe at the right hande of God That this is to bring to ruine the vvhole Church c. Nowe he spake this the more frankely because it was at that time that the Byshoppe of Constantinople attributed vnto himselfe that title But beholde that a litle after his death his vniuersall foretelling was accomplished in the person of Pope Boniface the thirde his successour who to accomplishe that that the Spirite of God had foretolde vs by his Apostles doth so much preuaile by his threatninges that he obtayneth that title of Phocas the Emperour the murtherer of Mauritius and his children and the Popes following haue buylded

that we shoulde not knowe it And yet in meane time the counsel of Hierusalem condemned crucified the Messiah for a deceiuer the great Rabbies and Masters with an infinit nomber of the people a little while after followed that same miserable Barcosba to ruine destruction and acknowledged him for the true Messiah To the end saith our sauiour that the worde of Isai the Prophet might be fulfilled Who hath beleeued our word and to whom hath thine arme bene manifested They haue eyes but they see not They haue eares but they vnderstand not The Lorde hath blynded their eyes and hardened their heart c. And nowe I say vnto you that the selfe same is come vpon you vpon you I say who boast of the name of the Church in the knowledge of Antichrist For he is come with all the signes wonders that the spirite of God hath foreshewed vnto vs in the same place at the same time by the same way in the same apparell There is nothing that doth not agree vnto him neyther that can agree to any other but to him In meane time the Church that is to say the Romane clergie haue receiued him for their Spouse The Council of Trent haue declared him to be God in earth excommunicating al those that wil not cleaue vnto him and the princes of the earth haue lent him their armes to persecute and to murther those who woulde make him knowen to the worlde And wherfore Because this word of God must be fulfilled which he hath spoken by the mouth of his Apostles He shall sit in the Temple of God boasting himselfe as if he were god He shal make druÌ„k al the kings of the earth He shall abuse deceiue all the world because they haue not loued the truth God shal giue theÌ„ vp into a strong illusion to the end they may beleeue lies And euen lyke as the CouÌ„cil of HierusaleÌ„ coÌ„demned Christ so the CouÌ„cil of Trent haue approued Antichrist The clergie crucified saluation it selfe the clergie hath adored their perdition The great doctors of the lawe were therein blynd because Christ shewed them a spiritual kingdome in steade of the temporall that they waited for And the prelates of the Romish Church haue taken pleasure to shutte their eyes because Antichrist hath brought them a temporall kingdome wherein they intend to dwel But notwithstanding death the crosse and the conspiracies of all the worlde the spirituall kingdome of Christ was victorious ouer all the kingdomes of the earth And notwithstanding the temporall kingdome of Antichrist all his adorations and conspiracies of al the kings princes of this world which labour to vphold him it must needs be that he be destroyed by the breath of Christ his mouth and that he fall and vtterly perish They demaunde hereupon What then became of our fathers after so long time that this tyrannie of Antichrist came into the Church Of the great Rabbies and masters who aske this question I aske them what they haue done therein of them I say who had their soules in keeping and who had taken charge and who knew wel howe to heape vp great riches to builde them gaye houses I aske also againe of them what became of the poore people of all the East Churches who were farre greater then the Latines whom the Pope by his excommunications sent to hell by whole millions for the space of sixe or 700 yeeres after that To be short I may send theÌ„ to that which our Sauiour sayth that when the Sonne of man shall come to destroye Antichrist by the Spirite of his mouth it shall be as the dayes of Noah or of Lot in Sodom that there shal be no more neither fayth nor loue in the worlde But to the poore people who haue bene deceiued by Antichrist and his mayntayners I aunswere after another sorte First that this false doctrine of Antichrist came not in all at once but encreased by little and little till it grewe to his full measure and heape so as it was not so deadly in the beginning as towardes the ende thereof when it came to his strength But when it was most strong and in the greatest ruffe God alwayes reserued many in al couÌ„tries which mourned vnder his tyrannie yea and some also that cryed out as loude as they coulde by theyr wrytynges as we haue already shewed And in deede xxv yeeres agoe one woulde haue sayde that there was not so much as one to be had in France which knewe Antichriste and his doctrine And yet notwithstanding at the first libertie which was graunted to the townes they were founde verye full of such people Secondly as our aduersaries make a difference betweene the Church and the people snatching the name of the Church onely to the prelates which should be common to all Christians so we likewise do well put a difference betweene the people cleauyng to the Churche of Rome and the faction of Antichriste betweene them who liue vnder the popedome and the vpholders and maintayners of the Pope betweene the enchanters those that are enchanted betweene the Pharises whome Christe calleth generation of vipers and that poore sicke woman whom he yet called the daughter of Abraham We saye that among that poore people which was so long tyme deceiued vnder the darknesse of Antichriste there was a parte of the bodye of the visible Church But that the Pope and his mainteyners are the bane of it which styfleth and choketh these poore people as much as lieth in it We saye that this was the Church of Christe but that Antichriste helde it by the throte to the ende that that saluation and life which floweth from Christe might not be powred vppon it That it was a flocke of Christ but gouerned partly by hyrelings and partly by woolues In the people we consider the members of the vniuersall church but in the scabbes infections which doe hide them we marke the poyson of the papacie and in their buddes the whoredomes that the church of Rome hath committed with Antichriste To be short we saye that the people were of the Christian common weale but the Pope with his faction a proud seditious Catiline to destroy and to set it on fire whom Cicero very wel calleth a plague and not a member of the common weale And in deede as of euill dyet and superfluitie there is engendred in maÌ„s body an impostume which yet notwithstanding is not the body nor any part of the body but a disease and very oftentimes the death of the body euen so sayth Salust that of the superfluitie of the common weale Catiline was bred euen so we saye that of the delightes superfluities and idlenesse of the Church of Rome Antichriste is bredde in it who yet is neyther the Church nor any part of the Church but is the disease and pestilence it selfe of the Church which had so infected and festered the whole bodie that there appeared no

which for the agreeing of two persons onely woulde refuse to handle againe a processe whereof there had bene a determinate sentence giuen by the Parliament before This therfore is in the Romish CoÌ„sistory where there is manifest doubt of their doctrine or else foule and shamefull lacke of charitie and that in such a wayghtie case as concerneth the saluation of the more part of Christendome To be short we agree and are knitte together in the doctrine of the Bible with all Christians but we reiect the pestilent gloses and traditioÌ„s of the Pope we haue bene willing brotherly to communicate the trueth to our brethren with the danger of our life in the middest of their Churches and contrarywise the Pope in stead of hearkening vnto vs fearing to be discouered hath excommunicated chased and driuen vs out It is therfore the Pope and his greasie ones which haue broken the Communion of the vniuersall Church not we who to keepe vs in are readie to submitte our selues to al reason to abide all dangers SecoÌ„dly that they alledge altar against altar if we shall consider the nature of the Christian Church it is not much from the purpose In auncient tyme vnder the law there was but one Temple and one altar without which they were forbidden to sacrifice whereupon we see yet that the Iewes which were scattered throughout the world myght not sacrifice And therefore those which set vp altars in Dan and Bethel albeit that they had not sacrificed but to the true God and according to the sacrifices ordayned in the lawe yet they were guiltie of death because they had broken the expresse ordinaunce of God who woulde haue obedience and not sacrifice and because that in Iesus Christ to come figured by one citie of Hierusalem by one Temple and by one altar they ought to withdrawe themselues from the societie of all other people This is the cause that we reade not that the Prophetes established any order of the seruice of God in any other place although that the Temple of Hierusalem were defiled with idolatrie but rather that they preached opeÌ„ly against those which mayntained it yet without sacrificing any where else But by the coÌ„ming of Iesus Christ as we haue often sayde it is altogether otherwyse For all the worlde is Hierusalem the temple and the altar of the Lorde We pray not any longer towardes the East but on euery side to which we turne vs wee turne to God we looke alwayes to Iesus Christ When therefore the Apostles preaching Christ coulde not be receyued into Hierusalem preaching Christ in the temple they preached him in houses and when they were yet dryuen away they shooke of the duste of their feete in witnesse agaynst them and went and preached else where When also they were forewarned by the holie Ghost of Gods vengeance to come vpon that Citie that had crucified Christ the anoynted they made no difficultie sayeth Eusebius to withdrawe the assemblie that is to say the true Ierusalem and the true children of Abraham from thence to gather them together into the little towne of Pella neere Iordan If therefore the temples of Constantinople are turned into the temples and Churches of Mahomet Christians may serue God and sacrifice to him the sacrifices of prayse and thankesgiuing at Pera harde by Constantinople And if Antichrist bee sette downe in the Church of Rome amiddest his temples we may serue Christ in the porche and if we may not preache agaynst him vnder the roofe of the Church we wyll doe it vnder the roofe of heauen which is euen aswell the Temple of the Lorde And this is the cause why being forbidden by kings and Princes vpon payne of rebellion to preache in Temples agaynst the Idolatrie which is there committed and agayne beyng likewyse expressely commaunded by God to auoyde Idoles and to publishe the trueth wee haue gathered the true faithfull thyther where we myght serue God together according to his worde and we haue withdrawen Hierusalem into the towne of Pella by the example of the Apostles and according to the libertie which Iesus Christ hath gyuen to the Vniuersall Church But by separating our selues from Rome we haue remayned in the heauenly Ierusalem founded vpon the doctrine of the Apostles from which it hath separated it selfe and wee haue not buylt an altar against the altar of the Lorde for Rome is not the peculiar seate of the Lords altar but rather an altar of Christ against the altar of Antichrist a temple of lyuing stones founded vpon the chiefe master stone of the corner agaynst the temples of idoles buylded vpon the stone of offence which is Antichrist There is therefore a notable difference betweene Hierualem and Rome and consequently it is one thing to separat from the faction of Rome that can hardly deserue the name of a member and an other from the Catholique and Vniuersall Church Hierusalem was the Temple of the Lord and at this day the whole worlde is his Temple in comparison of which Rome is nothing To Hierusalem was promised the Sonne of God to Rome the sonne of perdition And from this peculiar Temple of God the Apostles withdrewe themselues for that it refused saluation yea that they myght not perishe in her destruction they remoued the Christians into another place From the coÌ„munication or fellowshippe therefore of the Church of Rome which worshippeth and vpholdeth perdition wee holde our selues bounde to withdrawe our selues if we will not draw vpon vs the heauy veÌ„geance of God which is prepared for all those that remaine therein Thirdlye it is one thing to withdrawe our selues from the papacie and another thing to goe away from the poore Church that is there holden vnder captiuitie Euen altogether like as it is one thing to flie from a Citie and another to flie from the pestilence that is in the Citie And it is one thing for a man to withdrawe him selfe from the common Wealth and another from the power of a tyranne that vsurpeth the common weale They that flie the pestilence are ready to come to the Citye againe when the plague is gone and they that auoide tyrannie are readye to ioyne them selues againe to the Citizens that were vnder tyrannie as soone as it shall be banished Yea which is more they are in the Citye and in the Common weale in heart and spirite suffering together with their fellowe Burgesses and Citizens bewayling their bondage and purchasing their deliuerance by all the meanes they can deuise where as the tyrants that keepe that Citie they that are there seeme rather to be shut vp froÌ„ all coÌ„munaltie or fellowship not onely of the common weale but also as Cicero sayeth from all mankinde euen as Thrasibulus was beeing gone aside froÌ„ Philes during the time that thirtie Tyrantes did teare in pieces the common weale of Athens And as Camillus at Veies during the time that the Gaules wasted the citie of Rome And

as Athanasius also a fewe of the best sort with him at Rome during the time that the ArriaÌ„s beeing fauoured of Constantius the Emperor spoyled and infected his Church of Alexandria And eueÌ„ so likewise we at this daye in right are of the poore Church of FrauÌ„ce of Italie and other places which Antichrist holdeth by the throte to cause theÌ„ to abandon their saluation And assoone as Antichrist and his mayntainers shal be gone with al the infection which they haue brought into the church we shal be altogether ready to draw neere vnto theÌ„ to ioyne with them as nye as euer wee did and to runne to the Churches with them there to reioyce together for their deliuerance Let the wolfe be gone out of their fold behold vs al ready to enter in In meane time we wil pray vnto god to driue him away that it wil please him to deliuer theÌ„ from vnder his claw will shew theÌ„ this mercie we wil enforce our selues all that we can to deliuer theÌ„ To be short we are kuit with them in doctrine if they haue regard to the auncieÌ„t doctrine of the Church of Rome but we coÌ„deÌ„ne that of the popes where with he oppresseth their consciences Also we are in true charitie for what greater charity caÌ„ there be in the world theÌ„ to rid the world of such a one But we renounce that Tyranne which strangleth their soules and seeing that God by his singular grace hath deliuered ours froÌ„ him we proclayme opeÌ„ warre against him for their sakes with all our heartes These things beeing wel considered it is very easy for vs to distinguish who are schismatikes that is to say the aucthors of that separation which was made in our time in the west churches either we or our enemies The canon lawe sayeth that Schisme must not be considered neither in the nomber nor place but by the cause that he is a schismatike which is the cause of schisme not he which beginneth the separation euen altogether like as he which denyeth the lawe is the cause of processe and not he which first beganne Now we haue required the pope and his prelates to reforme the Church according to the Scriptures and to the auncient forme desiring to remaine vnited with our brethren and in steade of agreeing vnto vs they haue excommunicated vs without euer hearing vs The prelates therefore of the Romaine Church are the Schismatikes and not we who demaunde nothing else but Reformation to make vs at one Also the Canon sayeth that the essentiall and materiall cause of all Schisme is want of charity Nowe for our parts we haue offred our liues to death to recouer our brethren from errour and contrariwise the prelates of Rome to drawe vs froÌ„ that they say we are what earnest request soeuer we could make they would yet neuer graunt vnto vs a free Councill But when they haue called vs to their assemblies it was to burne vs and not to teach vs and all their Councils were but conspiracies to kill vs and not consultations to heale vs And therefore the lacke of charitie is in them and so consequently the cause of Schisme Also the Canon lawe teacheth vs that is to saye the Pope him selfe That the Pope which suffreth a controuersie to waxe olde in the church concerning saluation he is one that seeketh after deuision heresie And that if he be required to helpe it by a generall Councill and do it not of Apostolique which he should be he maketh him selfe an Apostata and Schismatike That as from such a one the Cardinalles Prelates Priestes peoples and prouinces ought to separate them selues for that asmuch as lyeth in him he suffreth the people children that are borne to growe vnder two heads into two churches That all those that winke in that matter specially hauing a charge and a calling to withstand it they are partakers with his faulte and are schismatikes as well as hee notwithstanding all their othes homages obligations which they haue made vnto him And in deede by the counsell of the diuines of Paris folowing the foresaid couÌ„sell king Charles the sixte declared him selfe his realme all his subiects to be separated from the coÌ„munion of pope Iohn the 22. afterwards by the same counsell cut of him selfe from the obedience of Benedict the thirtenth from Gregory the 12. admonishing and requiring all princes to do the like For that saith he in his protestation they will mainteine diuisions in the Churche by their tretcheries and vvill not submit themselues to the ordinarie meane of a free councill and to the determination of the church Now it was eight score yeeres agoe that this strife began in the Church after threescore yeres or thereabouts it was spread ouer all Europe The princes and people called still for a free councill and alwayes sometimes by one meane sometimes by another the Popes went scot free During all which time they sought all the wayes they could for their liues ordinary extraordinary to make an end of vs They therefore their mainteiners though the saluation of Christendome was not in controuersie as now it is are by their own canons fouÌ„d schismatikes they who haue winked at it fautors of schisme they who haue with draweÌ„ themselues froÌ„ their obedience admit that their Popes had bene sometime heads of the Church no Antichrists are grounded in the trueth exempted from all suspicion of schisme and blamelesse of all the mischiefes and disorders which through schisme haue arisen in Christendome Now coÌ„trariwise if as we hold the Pope be Antichrist the papall doctrine contrary to saluatioÌ„ in Iesus Christ and al the seruice that they do in al the churches that acknowledge him which they cal the church of Rome polluted with idolatrie theÌ„ there needs no longer disputatioÌ„ whether men do well to separate theÌ„selues from him or no but rather to conclude ful and wholly That we are traitors to God who hath created vs to Christ who hath saued regenerated vs to the Church who hath borne vs to be short to our brethren to our selues if we protest not against his blasphemies if we withdraw not our selues from his obedience if we renounce not his coÌ„munion to be shorte if we do not our vttermost to make him knoweÌ„ to euery one and to deliuer the world from his tyrannie Hereupon thei obiect vnto vs that Moses for the idolatry coÌ„mitted amongst the people of Israel to the golden Calfe separated not himself I grauÌ„t it But they must adde that Moses chid Aaron chastised the people ground the golden calfe into powder and cast it into the water There was no cause then that he should flye Idolatrie because hee coulde driue it out Nowe wee will not bee more scrupulous then Moyses Let them suffer vs to beate their Idols to powder to cast Idolatrie out of their Church and

we will aske no better to remaine still with them They will yet further reproch vs that Christ haunted the temple notwithstanding the marchandize that was there committed there is a great difference betweene the marchandize that was there and the idolatrie that at this day hath place in the Church of Rome But againe let them suffer vs as the Iewes did our sauiour Christ to whippe out the marchants of the whore that buy and sel mens soules by their simonies out of the church and we are all ready to frequent it To conclude they cast vs in the teeth that Iereinie preached in Topheth where abominable idolatrie was coÌ„mitted they ought also to adde that which the text saith expresly that he preached there against idolatrie Also that Amos the Prophet prophesied in Bethel in Amasias his chappel they should adde theÌ„ that this was to signifie vnto him the horrible vengeance that God had prepared to fal vpon his head Also that the man of God prophecied wel in Bethel in Ieroboams time but they should also adde that this was to signifie vnto him that his Priestes should one day be sacrificed vpon the same altar But we will yet say more vnto them Let theÌ„ but suffer vs to preach in theyr Churches amongst theyr Idols we wil make them to fal downe at the only worde of God without euer touching or laying hande vpon them Let them but suffer vs to place the arke of God and his holy couenant in the midst of their Temples and they shall within a short space finde al their Dagons in peeces We refuse not then to goe to preach there For this is it we desire with all our heartes to make the trueth knowen vnto euery one But we can not come there and holde our peace for accursed is he which heareth his God blasphemed without protesting against it and seeth his brother deceyued and doeth not direct him But we after the example of Ieremie of Amos and of the man of God wil protest before kinges before peoples yea in the face of al their abomi natioÌ„s we haue done it haue sealed our protestatioÌ„s with our own blood But we wil not sacrifice after their exaÌ„ple vpoÌ„ the altar that king Achas caused to be made after the paterne of the altar of Damascus although that Vrias the hie priest wincke at it Much lesse wil we worship in Dan Bethel For they neuer did it we wil not I say coÌ„municate in any wise with the sacriledges impieties brought in by Antichrist for this were great wickednes to do it treason against God to coÌ„ceale it more then sensles blockishnes to all not to search it out inexcusable blindnes in the light which at this day shineth euery where to communicate with these workes of darkenesse Moreouer they obiect vnto vs If you hold the pope for Antich our seruice for idolatry how theÌ„ do you receiue our baptism or if you holde that for good howe is it that you coÌ„municate not with our Church First God hath had such pity of his church that he hath suffred antichr to chaÌ„ge nothing in the bapt of Christ in that which is of the substaÌ„ce therof although he had bewrapped it with many superstitioÌ„s altogether like as he suffered not circuÌ„cision which was the marke of the couenaÌ„t to be quite abolished neither amoÌ„gst the SamaritaÌ„s nor in Iuda whatsoeuer idolatry was there coÌ„mitted We say then that the church of Rome through baptism brought forth childreÌ„ to god but that through her idolatries she nourished theÌ„ vp to the deuil altogether like as Ezech. saith that IerusaleÌ„ Samaria engeÌ„dred childreÌ„ to God as an adultrous womaÌ„ doth to her husbaÌ„d vntil she be diuorced but afterwards she sacrificed theÌ„ to Moloch that is to false gods SecoÌ„dly we say with S. Aug. that it is not the heretike that baptizeth as long as baptisme remaineth souÌ„d but Christ by the hand of the heretike wherein we folow the practise of the primitiue church the determination of the 1. couÌ„cil of Nice That they which were baptized by heretikes renouÌ„cing their heresie they shall not bee rebaptized except those that haue bene baptized by the Samosatens who kept not the esseÌ„tial words of baptisme whoÌ„ to speak properly they do not rebaptize because with out these they coulde neuer be baptized but by the grace of God wee haue bene baptized in the name of God and not in the name of Antichrist or of his idols Thirdly baptisme in our infaÌ„cie brought vs into the house of God but it is not enough to be receyued into his familie if we serue him not according to his commandemeÌ„ts For then we depriue our selues of the benefite receyued by baptisme the which as S. Augustine sayeth is turned into our greater condemnation This therefore is vnto vs as the law of nature in a common weale which bindeth vs to the duetie of good citizens of simple plaine enemies that we shoulde be we become traytors and parricides if we serue a Tyrant which hath inuaded it and if we beare armes against the Lawes thereof For albeit we be borne vnder tyrannie yet we are borne for the common weale and enrouled in the Register of Citizens not within the lists of the tyrants slaues yea euen though the tyrant or his officers keepe the Register Now to the Citizen which is borne vnder tyranny who hath serued a tyrant who afterwardes acknowledging his fault withdraweth himselfe to the defenders of the coÌ„mon libertie there is no neede of newe letters of his naturall birth although by his former deedes he made himselfe vnworthie So likewise we say that to him which is bound vnder the popedom who hath maintained Antichrist and ioyned himselfe to his faction and to euery other Heritique which hath fought against Christ there nedeth no second Baptisme when he returneth to his dutie For albeit he had renounced Christ yet Christ hath not renounced the right he hath ouer him and his Baptisme is so little defaced that of a simple enemy which he should haue bin without Baptisme he is become a traitor and guiltie of hie treason against his maiestie And therefore there needeth nothing but an vtter abolishment of his fault and not a renuing of his baptisme Fourthly Yea but there is no baptisme but in the Church and when you separate your selues froÌ„ vs you then separate your selues froÌ„ the church The answere There is no Baptisme but in the Church and we deny not also that the Church of Rome is a Church For in that we affirme that Antichrist ruleth there we consequently hold that it is the Churche inasmuch as he can not sit any where but in the Church But it is one thing to separate our selues from the Church of Rome defiled by Antichrist and another thing to depart from the coÌ„munion of the vniuersall church as we haue already declared Againe we depart not

dignitie of the ministerie which he calleth the power of the ecclesiastical gouernmeÌ„t ouer the people he maintayneth that the priests are equal to the Popes theÌ„selues he proueth it because in their orders they vse the same words that they vse in the orders of bishops Apostles Receiue the holy Ghost vvhatsoeuer ye bind on earth shal be bouÌ„d in heauen c. To be short Cardinall Cusan himselfe maintaineth that the popedome the state of Bishopricks that is to say al their degrees both great smal they are not ordeyned of God but of men That all Priestes according to the ordinance of our Lord are equal that they were likewise ordeined of men for the better to wit to auoyde diuision But wheÌ„ this better was turned into worse this which men had ordeyned to bring mÌ„e to God serued to turne theÌ„ away froÌ„ God then the cause ceasing these positiue lawes should also cease meÌ„ should be brought to the first institution And therfore marke saith he that in time of necessitie wheÌ„ the Pope hath excoÌ„municated with an euill purpose the least priest may absolue him whosoeuer he be froÌ„ his excoÌ„munication Behold therefore that in that the B. is aboue an elder it is but froÌ„ mans lawe for order which is no longer order when it is the cause of disorder Consequently we saye that those elders haue power to laye on their handes and to ordayne pastors That they had so in the Apostles tyme it is most cleare Neglect not sayth Saint Paul the gift that is in thee which is giuen to prophecie with the imposition of the handes of the Eldership that is to say of the assemblie of Seniors or elders And againe Timothie ordeined him selfe forasmuch as a Bishop elder were al one if by the scripture the Byshops take this power to themselues aswel might the Ministers Elders if they deny it to the ministers elders they deny it to themselues In deede in the olde time this argument was coÌ„mon in the Church He might baptize he might minister the Lordes body ergo he might lay on his hands Also when they ordeined an elder the B. holding his hand ouer his head al the other elders drew neere layd on their hands together held them vpoÌ„ the head of him whoÌ„ they so ordeyned as it appeareth in many places of Gratians decretals which was to keepe their right in giuing of orders to shew that although the Bishop had the charge of this action that notwithstanding it was equall amoÌ„gst theÌ„ that he could not do it of himselfe alone And certaine of their owne haue disputed this same question 300. yeres since And if the ambition of Bishops the negligence of the Ministers Elders haue confouÌ„ded all thinges abolished the order of the church we must labour as much as wee can to bring it in againe And if the Bishoppe of a companion which he ought to be is become a tyrant ouer the ministers elders why it belongeth to those that are true ministers and elders to exercise the duetie which is left vnto them And if the primacie of the Bishop brought in by men haue led men to perdition which order we do not altogether disalowe if it be rightly obserued why then by the equalitie of ministers and Elders instituted of God they must bee brought againe to saluation To be short the first Bishops of the Christian Church were but elders and our first ministers were elders the elders by the institutioÌ„ of the Apostles had authoritie to lay on their haÌ„des according to which also ours were ordeined ministers therefore ordeined by them are well ordained and their vocation can not in any wise be cauilled at or slaundered Nowe if any thinke them contemptible in comparison of the great prelates of the Church of Rome Caiphas in deede was reuecenced of the worlde whereas Cephas had neither golde nor siluer Paul being a persecuter was in great credit and Paul being an Apostle gotte his liuing with his owne hands Also God is wont to confouÌ„d the great and mightie things of the world through thinges which seeme small And many of ours followe the pouertie of Christ which might be honoured yea and were so sometimes amoÌ„gst the chiefe vpholders of Antichrist It is not therfore to the purpose to aske miracles of vs for the approuing of our calling For if we must shew some then must they also for that is ordinarie But if by vertue of their calling they haue taken vpon them to preache newe doctrine why then let them suffer vs by vertue of the same to restore the auncient And if they say it is ours that is newe and not theirs why then there is no more question of our calling but of our doctrine and therefore we must passe through all these suburbes and come directlye to the conference of these two In meane time these were the goodlye fetches that hyndered the fruite of the conference at Poissy from whence all Fraunce wayted for some singular good thing yet this is that vpon which at this day the Iesuites do ground their principall defence When any say vnto them Shew me purgatorie and transubstantiation and the inuocation of Sayntes or any thing which draweth neere to the Scriptures they saye vnto vs Worke miracles Euen so likewise Satan said vnto Iesus Christ If thou be the sonne of God cast thy selfe downe from the toppe of the pinacle c. being as ready to haue turned vnto him if he had done it as if he had done nothing But our Sauiour who could haue done greater things confuted him onely by the scriptures So likewise the Pharises aske him for signes albeit he wrought inow those wonderful But if he cast out deuils this was say they by the power of the deuil If he did theÌ„ in earth they aske theÌ„ froÌ„ heauen if the heauen it selfe should speake to giue authoritie to his vocatioÌ„ theÌ„ they said What thuÌ„der is this Likewise they say vnto him vpon the Crosse If thou be the sonne of God helpe thy selfe c. and when he stept out of the Sepulchre ouerth wart those gross-headed watchmen they said that he was stolne away To be short euen so in asking miracles of vs nowe they are wholy bent to say if we should do them that we were the Antichrists which should deceyue the worlde by signes miracles that therfore we ought not to be beleeued But as the Pharises wheÌ„ Christ suffered vpon the Crosse in steade of asking him miracles had done a great deale better to meditate vpon this place of Isaie He was wounded for our transgressions he was smitten for our iniquities and with his stripes were we healed So should it be much better for our masters to searche out of the holy scriptures the true markes of Antichrist and deepely to thinke vpon this great miracle which God hath wrought in our

buyld altar against altar for by Christ his comming all the earth is made the Lordes altar Our ministers who haue begonne this woorke haue the same calling that our aduersaries pretend for they were elders and doctors ordeined as they were and by them and they haue done nothing but followed their calling whereas the others had vtterly abandoned it And they which followed theÌ„ afterwards had a much better calling then our aduersaries for besides that they were ordeyned by those first who had authoritie to do it they were ordeined according to the practise of the Apostles and auncient Canons which are neglected in the Church of Rome Moreouer besides this ordinarie vocation the extraordinarie wonders which God hath wrought in these last times by their Ministery in the fauour thereof maye sufficiently witnesse that they do the worke of God and not of men FINIS 2. Tim. 2.19 August vpâ—â— the 64. Psal. August lib. 1 de Baptism contra Donatist cap. 16 August homil in Ioan. 45. ca. 20. lib. 5. de bapt c. Rom. 9.6 Mat. 16. Mat. 24.11 Luke 8.8 Mat. 28. Galat. 3.28 Ephe. 2.14 Apo. 21 13 Cypri de simplicitate prelatorum August passim contra Don atistas Mat. 13.47 1 Tim. 3.15 1. Tim. 2.20 August lib. 7. cap. 51. de Baptismate libro de vnitate ecclesiae cap. 4. Cant. 4.6 Isa. 1.21 1. Tim. 3. Ier. 3.12 Ezech. 18.23 2. thess. 2. Rom. 9.10.11 cap. Augustin pastin contra Donatist Iosue 1.18 19. cap. 2. King. 23. 2. Chr. 34. 2. Chro. 35 Nehem. 8. 9.3 Esdras 7.6 Ioh. 18.37 Ioh. 8.47 Ephe. 2.20 Matth. 28.19 Marke 16.15 Actes 2.42 Ambros lib. de salubr cap. 7. August contra Cresco GraÌ„mat lib. â— cap. 11 c. Rom. 10.15 Ezech. 16.20 Ezech. 23.37 Mat. 23.15 Ezech. 15.48 Ezech. 16. Nomb. 16. August contra FaustuÌ„ lib. 19. ca. 11. Antiquitie Iob. 8.8 Iob. 32.7 August super Psal. 64. Dan. 8. Mar. 10.4 Yert de virginibus velandis Cipr. lib. 2. epist. 3. De seipso ad Pompeian episto 9. in episto ad Quirin in sentent episco in â–ª August de Bapt. lib. 5. cap. 23. Ignatius ad Philadelph canon Consuetud dist 11. L. Quae ab initio D. de regulis iuris Multitude Exod. 23. Mat. 7.13 Luk. 12.32 Deut. 4 2â— 7.17 9.1 11.23 Augustin super psal 128. Gen. 6. 1. Reg. 29.10 1. Kin. 22.8 Iere. 4. Iere. 18.18 Isai 53. Thedoret lib. 2. cap. 16. Mat. 24. Amos. 3.12 Iere. 3.16 Succession of place Apo. 12.6 c. Glossa communis in esi versiculum Deies was a litle town not farre froÌ„ Rome Plutarch in Themist Dion lib. 41. Appian in libic Plorus cap. 49. 2. Chro. 33 Psal. 33. 2. Chro. 7. Iere. 7. 26. Succession of persons Zackar in tractatu de regimine principum Bald. de Schism Ierem. 8.8 Io. 8.44 August contra epist. fundam cap. 4. Idem contra petib ca. 16. August epist. 156. Iren. lib. 4. cap. 44. Tertull. de prescript aduersus hereticos Miracles Titus Liuius in many places Augustine de vtilitate credend cap. 16. 2. Kin. 18.24 August lib. de vnitate Ecclesiae cap. 46. Mat. 7. Mat. 24. 2. thess. 2. Hierom. vpon the 7. of Mat. Chrisost vpon the 1. epist. 2. thess. August lib. 20. cap. 19. De ciuitate Dei. August super psal 9. Luk. 24. Reuelations Deut. 13. 1. Iohn 4. August lib. 2 ad Simplic quae 1. Iere. 33.22 Iam. 4.12 Deut. 12.8 32. Iere. 7.21 1. SaÌ„ 15.22 Prou. 30. Iere. 7.21 Isai 8.20 Mal. 2. 4 Osc 2. Mat. 17. Ioh. 5.39 Luk. 16.16 Luk. 24. Hebr. 2. Iohn 4.25 Matth. 17. Augu. epist. 166. lib. de vnit Eccles cap 3. 16. per totum aduersus Donatistas August de pastoribus cap. 4. August contra Cresconium lib. 2. cap. 21.32.38 lib. 5. cap. 17. de baptism coÌ„tra Donatist August 13. ad Hieron in prolog lib. 3. de Trinitat distin lib. Canoni Lib de doct Christ 2.18 August contra MaximinuÌ„ ArrianuÌ„ lib. 3 cap. 14. August contra Faustum Manich. lib. 11. cap. 5. Basilius contra Eunom Apol epist. lib. 2. Idem epist. 8. Chrisost in 2. Cor. homi 13 in fine IdeÌ„ in ferm de sancto ader spiri Irenaeus lib. 5. cap 1. Concil Carthag 3. L. Cunctos populos C. de summa Trinit side Catholic Socrat. lib. 1. cap. 8. Hist tripar lib. 2. cap 5. lib. 1. cap. 14. L. Abbas Panormitanus in cap. signif extrauag de electis Gerson part 1. de exami doctr Isa. 8.20 Luk. 16. Iohn 5.39 The scripture is perfect sufficient to saluation Ioh 20 3â— And Augustine vpon that place 2. Tim. 3. Marsil lib. intitul defensor pacis part 1. cap 9. Ioh. 16.13 Iren. lib. 3. cap. 2. Mat. 15.9 Iohn 8. The scripture is plaine and manifest to saluation Xanctes in lib. 1. de Atheist Origen contra Celsum 2. Pet. 1.19 Iohn 1.9 Psal. 119. Isa. 56.10.11 Iohn 5.39 Luke 24. Actes 17. Iohn 1 8. 12. Luke 10. Luke 8. Mat. 13. Luke 15. 2. Pet. 3.16 1. Cor. 4. 2. Pet. 3.16 August libr. 2. de doctr Christ cap. 2 libr. 2. cap. 9. Ambro. in Psal. 119. serm 8. Basil lib. 2. de Baptism quest 4. Marsilius de Padua in lib. defens pacis parte 1. cap 9. The church is not iudge ouer the Scripture Contra epist funda cap 5. August lib. â—3 contra Manich. â—ib 28. cap. 2. Wolffgang Herman Marsil de Padua part 2. cap. 19. Whether the Church be before the Scripture Nicol. Cusan Cardin. epist. 2. de vsu Communion ad Bohem Hossius Cardin in Petroco confess Concil Trident session 5. cap. 2. Cardinal Cusan epist. 2. 3. ad Bohem. August in the 2. booke of Baptisme against the Donatists August cap. 3. 16. de vnitat c. Acts. 4.19 Deut. 4. Ioh. 20. 2. Tim. 3. Matth. 15. Ier. 16.12 Chrysost in sermo de sancto adora â–ª spirit August de cura pro mortuis gerendo August in euchirid ad Laurentium cap. 67. 68. lib. de side operibus si ad Dulc. q. 1. passim Matth. 12.31 Mark. 3.28 Luk. 12.10 Hieron in cap. 4. ad Galat. Augustin lib. 2 de doctrin Christ cap. 24.9 August loco codem Ambr. in Psa 119 serm 9. Basil lib 2. de Baptism quest 4. Luk. 12. August lib. 3. de doctr Christ cap. 15. Petrus de Aliaco lib. de recoÌ„mend scriptur Marsil Pataui 2. p. cap. 2. The spirite the worde are insepably ioyned together Ioh. 16.13 Ioh. 14.26 Mat. 28.20 2. Cor. 3.8 Isai 59.21 1. Ioh. 4. Chrysost seâ— de sanct ador spi The church which was before the lawe hath erred Genesis 3. Iesuita Graecensis in asseti Rom. 5.19 August liâ— 14. de ciui Dei. cap. 1 15. Ezech. 20. The church vnder the lawe hath erred Exo. 19 4. Leui. 26.12 Deu. 28. 29.12 Psal. 68. 2. Chr. 33. 2. Chro 7. 1. Sam. 2.30 1. Reg. 2.27 2. Reg. 23.27 Ierem.

7. 2. Chr. 15. Exod. 31. Deut 32. Iudg. 8. 17.6 28 1. Sam. 3.1 Iohn 12. 1. Chro. 13 3. 1. Sam. 4. 1. king 11. 2. King. 16. 2. King. 21. 23. Esai 48.1 18. 7. and in many othee places Iere. 2.3.13.14 Iere. 16.12 c. Iere 7. 18.18 Iere. 7. 2. Chr. 15.3 Ezec. 22. Iere. 2.8 Ezec. 7. Ose 9.8 Isai 16.10 Mich. 3.6 Isai 1. Ezech. 21. Iere. 18. Isai 1. Isai 8. Ioh. 11.47 Ioh. 12.38 Isay 53.10 Isay 6.9 Rom. 9. Rom. 6. 11. 12. cap. That the Church vnder grace hath erred Actes 10 Ezech. 37.26 Matth. 28. Ioh. 14.23 Ioh. 8. 2. Cor. 11.3 Gal. 1.6 3.1 2. Thes 2 That the Church of Rome hath erred Hierony in Catalogo illustri viroruÌ„ Damasus in Pontificali Platina in vitis Pontifi Marianus Scotus Volateranus in Anthropol Gratianus in decreto Cardinalis Benno Petrus PremoÌ„stratensis in vitis Grego 7. Syluestr 2. c. Concilium Constanti fessi septima Theodorus de Niein scriba Pontific s in lib. Nemus vnionis tract 4. 7. Cardinalis Cusanus lib. 2. cap. 17. de concord catholic Magister Iohn Parisiencis ordine predict cap. 23. August cap. 3. 16. de vnitate ecclesi Luke 22. Ioh. 17.20 Rom. 11. Cypr. lib. 2. epist. 17. Hieron in epist. ad Rusticum Luke 22. glossa ibi Concil CoÌ„stantiense Decisiones rote 2. Cor. 3. Eph. 1.23 4.16 5.23 Col. 1.18 Rom. 12.5 S. Augustine vpon these words eny kingdome is not of this world The kingdome of Christ are the faithful which beleeue in him Rom. 14. 1. Pet. 2.25 Heb. 6.20 7.26 9.11 Card. Cusar libr. 1. de Concordia Cath. cap. 6. Mat. 18.3 Etibiglossa Mar. 20.25 Luke 21. Vbi Chrys Origen Mat. 21.25 Luk. 22.25 Mat. 10. August sermon 10. de verbis domini Luk. 22.30 Mat. 19.30 Apoca. 21. Iohn 20. Mat. 28. Acts. 1. Thou art Peter and vpon this rocke Mat. 16. 1. Cor. 10. Mat. 16. Mark. 8 33 1. Cor. 3. 1. Pet. 2. Chrysoft homil 55 super Matth. Idem in Psal. 32. Idem sermone 21. de pentecost Ambros in epist. ad Ephes cap. 2. August contra Iudaeos Paganos Arrianos In IohaÌ„nem tract 124. In Iohannem tract 10 August de verbis Dom. Hieronim vpon Mat. Cusanus Cardinal lib. 1. cap. 3. Serm. 61. The common glose and the interlineall glose vpon Mat. 16.16 August lib. 2. retract August ad Galat cap. 2 Hieron ad Galat. cap. â— Ephes 2. Rom. 15. Apoc. 22. Hieron in epist. ad TituÌ„ cap. 1. The power of the keyes Luk. 11.51 Mat. 28.18 Ioh. 20.23 2 Cor. 5.18 Isai 61.2 Mat. 16. Mat. 18. Ioh. 6. Ioh. 20. C. Consid dist 50. In libr. de simplicitat praelatoruÌ„ Hieronym in Mat. c. 16. versu codeÌ„ August homilâ—in 10.11.50 124. August cap. 18 lib. 1. de Doctrina Christ per omnia opera Leo Episcopus Rom. in ferm de natruitare Gratian in Decret distinct 21. in nouo 24. q. 1. lo quitur Ioan in ca. 1. de renuÌ„eratiombus lib. 6. de poenâ—s distinct 1. verbu cum similib us Cardinal Cusan lib. de concordia Catholica 2. ca. 13. fusissime Chrysost lib. 20. Magister seÌ„teÌ„t lib. 4. distinct 18. ca. 4. ex Ambr. August Chrys c. * And the priest he which pronounceth them that are bouÌ„d loosed Magist Ioannes parisiens in lib. de potestat Regia papal ca. 23. Marsilius cap. 6. lib. 2. cap. 15. Magist d. cap 8. Mat. 16. Feede my sheepe Ioh. 21. Glossa ordinaria in verbo pasce Mat. 28. Ioh. 20. Acts. 9.21 August in Io. tract 12 cap. 21. Item Hillarius Cyrillus in eundem locum August de verbis Domini sermone 62. Mark. 13. Cyprian de simplicitate praelatoruÌ„ Gratian in Decret 7. q. 1. Nouatianus vers Item Episcopatus Magister Ioannes Parisiensis lib. 3. cap. 41. In Miss 1. Pet. 5. â— 2 3 4. c. Ioh. 10. Greg. Theoph. Fiet vnum ouile c. that is to say there shal be one folde Beholde 2. swords Luk. 22.33 Vnam sanctam Extr. de maiorita te obedientia Ambrose in Lue. glossa super euÌ„dem locum Extrauagde cadem ibi glossa Magister Ioh. paris cap. 25. Isidorus super Genes cap. 1 Mat. 11.23 Ezech 34. August lib. pastoribus Turria p. 50 51.52 1. Pet. 3. Turria P. 26. c. Iustinus Martyr in Tryph. Acts. 8. Acts. 11. Acts. 15. 1. Pet. 5. Gal. 1. 2. Glossa ordiâ—â—cund August Glossa ordinar secunduÌ„ Hieronym Hieronym epist ad Gal. cap. 21. Ephes 4. Acts. 1. Galat. 1. Marsil lib. 2. cap. 16. Card. Cuson lib. 2. ca. vlt. de concord Catholie Aug. in Io. serm vlti Hieron contra Iouinia lib. 1. 22. Distinct sacros Marsil Pad lib. 2. cap. 16. 18. Card. Cusan lib. 2. cap. 13. cap. vlt. Card. Cusan lib. 2. cap. 17. 15. Whethre Peter haue bene at Rome and howe Marsil Pad lib. 1. cap. 16. Gal. 1. 2. Phil. 2.20 2. Tim. 4.16 The last Chapter of the Actes 1. Cor. 3. Galat. 2. Linus in passione beati Pauli Euseb lib. 2. Hieronym in Matth. lib. 4. cap. 23. Acts. 14. Tit. 1. Acts. 10. 12. q. 1. Rogamus Gregor in Registr 99. ad Eulog Alexandr Galat. 1. Hieron in epist. ad Galat cap. 2. Card. Cusan lib. 2. de coÌ„cord Catholic cap. 13. Marsil Pad lib. 2. cap. 17 Rom. 16. Hieron in Matth. lib. 4. cap. 23. Canon ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ dicet distin Magist Ioâ— Parisien lib. de potestaâ—e regia Papali Liter Acad. Parisiensis apud Theod. a Nicens tract 6. cap. 15. Concil GallicanuÌ„ anno Dom. 1407. 1408. Clemens epist. 3. Cyprian de simplicitate praelatorum Idem in sententiis episcopo Idem lib. 1. epist. 5. Concil Affrican can primae sedis Ireneus ex Euseb lib. 5. cap. 20. epist. 24. Tertullian de praescriptione haere â–ª Can. 6. NiceÌ„ synodi Euseb lib. 10 cap. 6. Card. Cusan lib. 2. de concord Cath. cap. 1â— Concil Antioch cap. 23. Constan cap. 2. An extract of Vatican Legenda Syluestri Leo papa epist 45. Leo papa in epistolis Leo in epist. poposceraÌ„ multa mihi in omnibus ad MartianuÌ„ August Volum Con. in Concilio Mileuitano concil Carth ag 6. Cap. 105. Concil Car. thag 6. Can. placuit 2. q. cap. 4. Concil Carth. 7. Athanasius in epist. ad liberum Hpisco Rom. Hieron in epist. ad Euagrium Repetitur in decret Gratiani Hieron ad NepotianuÌ„ August epist 162. in breuiculo collationis contra Donat. passim Homil. 43. in mat cap. 23. Greg. Mag. lib. 4. epist. 76 78.80.85 lib. 6. epist. 188. 194. Can. Nullus ex epist. Pelagii papae dist 99. epist. ad EulogiuÌ„ lib. 7.30 in Regist Greg. Anast lib. 1. epist. 25. lib. 6. epist. 169. Distinct 22 â–ª c. sacrosanct 12. q. 1. cap. rogamus Cardinal Cusan lib. 2. cap. vlt. The ambition of the bishop of Rome 1. Cor. 1. 2. thess. 2. Euseb lib. 5.

cap. 20. Ireneus epist. 24. Cyprianus lib. 4. Epi. 6. Concil Carthag 6. cap. 5.4.101.105 Ruffinus lib. 12 cap. 10. hist Eccle. Amianus Marc. lib. 27. Lib. Pontificalis Rome hath had the chiefe place and how Cap. prim sedis cap. Nullus dist 99. Gregor in Regist 91. epist. ad Alexandr episco Cusan lib. 1. cap. 6. 13. Socrat. hist tripart lib. 9. cap. 13.22 dist CoÌ„stantinopolis Authenique 231. Distinct 80. In decreto Dist 121. cap Decretis See from whence supremacie Popish superioritie first sprang by the Papists owne confession Lombard lib. 4. dist 24. Conc. Chalcedon cap. 1. 12. Concilium Taurin cap. 8 Platina in vita Bonifacii 93. 95. distinct Hosti ensis in summa de maioritate obed entia glossa in can Nouo 2. q 7. puto Cardinal Cusanus lib. 2. cap. 13. Card. Cus lib. 2. cap. 14. Arti. Sorbonae Parisien contra PapaÌ„ Bonifaci 8. Marsil Patauinus in lib defensor pacis 2. parte cap. 18. epist. Cypr. Dionis Alexander Hier. August Greg. Sidonii Apol. Acta Conciliorum Suidas in dict papas Athanas in prima oratione contra Arrianos Ruffinus lib. 1. cap. 26. Gregor epist. 15. 77 79. lib. 1. Grego in Registro lib. 4. the grouâ—â— of the Pope Chro. Mattini Platin. in vita Bonif. 3. Sigebertus in Chronic. Sigon lib. 2. de regno Itali Guicciardinus in Concionibus C. Adrianus d. 63. c. Ego Ludoui codem Lib. 7. decretal de sententia reiudicata Extrauagant Vnam Catholicam Ecclesiam Clemens 5. in Clement pastoralis Idem in rescripto This writing is kept ac Vienna in Dauphin and in Extrauagant cadem Decisiones Rotae Baldus Franciscus de Ripa Philippus Decius Hostiensis Carolus de Ruiuo Ioannes de Anania cap. distinct 10. cap. Si Papa Erasmus in 1. epist. ad Tim. cap. 1. Daniel 2. thess. 2. Apoca. Origen Homil 30. in Matt. 2. thess. 2. Apoca. 13.15.16.17 Aug. lib. 20. de ciuitate Dei cap. 19. Chrysost in epist. ad thess. Ho. 2. Apoc. 13.11 Mat. 7.15 2. Cor. 11.14 August in epist. Iohn tract 3. 6. Chrysost in Mat. Homil. 49. Hilar. ad Auxenti The doctrine of the Pope and the doctrine of Antichrist The doctrine of the Pope and the doctrine of Antichrist Galat. 3.19 Rom. 3.20 5.2 7.7 Fr. Asotus in Catholic sidei assertione Genes â— Iere. 2.18 Flosculi beati FraÌ„cisci Conformitates FraÌ„cisci Vinea S. Francisci Thom. lib. 4. distinct 4. articul 3. Barnardinus in Rosario Floscuit beati FraÌ„cisci Bulla Clementis quae exat Viennae Tikelius indulgentiarius in libello Eras in epist. ad Timot. cap. 1. Thomas lib. 4. distinct 4. Artic. â— Barnard in Rosario Euang. Cyril Anno. 1192. August ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ciuitate ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ lib. 18. cap. 2. Hierorym ad Marcellam in praefat lib. de sancto spirâ—tu Card. Cusaâ— lib. 2. cap. vltimo That the Pope is Antichrist euen by the auncient fathers Ireneus lib. 3. Apoca. 13. Chrysost in epist. ad Thessalo hom 2. Homil. 49. in Mat. cap. 24. Hylarius ad Auxentium Hieronymus in prefat lib. De sancto spiritu Cusan Card. lib. 2. de coÌ„cordia Catholica cap. vltimo August lib. 18. De Ciuitate dei ca. 2. lib. 20. cap. 19. Idem lib. de Antichristo In vitis Gregorij 7. Ioannis 19. Syluest 2. c. * Praemonstratensis Gregor lib. 16. epist. 30. ad MauritiuÌ„ ImperatoreÌ„ Item epist. 78. lib. 4. epist. 83. c. Concilium Rhemense sub Capeto Bernard in Cantic Cantic serm 33. 77. In all his Epistles to Henry the Bishop of Sons Item super Psal. 91. Francis Petrarcha in epist. epist. 5.14.17.18.19 c. Isai 53.10 Isai 6.9 Ioh. 12.40 2. Thes 2. Apoca. 14. 18. What became of our fathers In vita Bernard lib. 1. cap. 12 lib. 5. cap. 2. in epist. quam scripserat ante morteÌ„ ad Arnold Idem serm 61. in CaÌ„tica 1. Cor. 3. Cypr. lib. 2. epist. 3. Fugite idola 1. Iohn 5. Apoc. 14.9 18.3 In Concilio Constantiensi The Communion of the Church Altar against altar Exod. 29. Euseb in histor Eccles lib. 3. cap. 5. Pella a littis towne nece Iordan Pera a little towne ouer against Constantinople whither the Christians with drewe theÌ„se lues when the Turke tooke CoÌ„stantinople Apoc. 13.18 It is one thing for a man to withdrawe him selfe from the Papacie another from the Church Tertul. in lib de praescrip contra haereticos The Pope a schismatike euen by the canoÌ„ lawe 24. q. 1. Nor. afferamus q. 3. ibiglossa doctores August aduersus Cresconium Grammat Donatist passim Doctores Bononienses in concil de schismate Benedict 13 Greg. 12. Item apnel Theodor. a Nien lib 3 Cusanus de concordia Cathol lib 1.14 cap. 2.24 q. 1. Non afferamus q. 3. inter Schisma 7. q. 1. Nonatianus cum glossa ca. sequen 24. q. 1 in summa cap. dicimus in glossa 2. Anno 1407. 15. q. 6. nos sanctoruin can iura tos iuncta declaration Innocentii de doctrina veritatis 19. distinct Anastasius cap. nulli 79. dist cap. si quis pecuniam 2. q. 7. Sacerdos ibid. glossa Literae Academ Parisien apud Theodor. de Nien tract 6. cap. 14.15 lib. 3. cap. 34. Item in libr. Nemus vnionis cap. 7. Chronica Gaguini in Carolo. 6. Exod. 33. Ierem. 19. Amos. 5. 2. King. 13. 1. Sam. 5. Why we receiue the baptisme of the church of Rome Ezech. 16. Augustus passim de baptismate contra Donatistas Concil Nicenum Parricides are they that kill their owne parents and kinsfolks 1. Iohn 5. Apoc. 14. * Pella a litle towne by Iorden wherin the Christians were preserued wheÌ„ Ierusalem was destroyed 1. King 12.24 Io. 8. 2. Thes 2. The calling of the first reformers of the Church in our time Ezech. 34. Matth. 1. The calling of those which came afterwards 1. Tim 3.2 Titus 1.9 1 Tim. 5. Tit. 1. Acts. 14.23 Lampridius in AlexaÌ„dro Acts. 19.6 In Concil Laodic cap. 12. In Concil Parisi cap. 8. Rabanus in gloss sexto cap. Actuum Can. Nullus cap. in ordin distinct 61. cap. Sacror distinct 63. Leo Papa epist. 87. 90. In the articles that were presented by the Cardinals the reformers of Pope Paul. 3. CypriaÌ„ lib. 1 epist. 3. August epist. 110. Euseb lib. 6. cap. 29. de elect Fabri Theodoret. lib 1. cap. 9. A bishop and an elder are all one Titus 1. Acts. 20.17 28. To the Philippians 1. Pet. 5. GraecÃ¨ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ as beeing bishops Ephes 4. Irenaeus ex Euseb lib. 5. cap. 26. epist. 24. Hieronym in epist. ad Euandrum In 1. cap. ad TituÌ„ fusissime Ambro. in 4. ad Ephesisios Idem in 1. ad Timoth. Greg. lib. 1. epist. 15.77.79 Et lib. 2. epist. 6.25 c. Distinct 93. 95. olim Pet. Lomb. lib. 4. senten distinct 24. Magist Ioh. Parisi cap. 3. lib. de potestate regia Papali Cardinal Cusan lib. 2. cap. 13 de concord Catholie Ostiensis in summa de maioritate obedient glossa in cap. 9 2. q. 7. puto That ministers elders haue power to lay on their handes 1. Tim. â— Magister setent lib. 4. distinct 25. Can presbyter distinct 23. apud GratianaÌ„ Marsil Pata li. 2. ca. 17. Miracles Iohn 12. Isai 53. Deut. 13. Galat. 1. 2. thess. 2. Â¶ Imprinted at London by Christopher Barker Printer to the Queenes Maiestie

for the ordinarie nourishment of his children The Latine Church to the end she might nourish them with huskes and shales hath hidden it from them buried it in the earth or if for shame she hauâ— sometimes deliuered it vnto them it hath bene altogether couered with poyson In stead that this worde shoulde haue directed vs to God for our saluation shee hath sent vs to men which are nothing but perdition yea to the sonne of perdition him self Whereas she should haue assured vs in the infinite merites of one Christ the infinite God the papacie hath turned vs to our own merits which merite nothing but hell and death The whole law was giuen to no other end but to make vs feele our sinnes to search the remedie thereof in the grace of Christ but contrariwise the Romane Church maketh vs to play the Iewes more then the Iewes promising vs saluation of our selues to the ende that making vs to search for it that wayes more feruently shee might therein shewe vs hell She hath receyued the deuill into the Lordes house she hath mingled in his bread of life death and into his cuppe she hath put poyson to conclude if through Baptisme which she hath notwithstanding many wayes profaned she enrouleth children to God as a mother yet is it certaine on the contrary part that through her false worships she nourisheth them vp to the deuil And as concerning saluation in Iesus Christ which is the necke that ioyneth the head with the body Iesus Christ with his Church it is so cut of by mans merits by the merits of Saintes by the Popes pardons and such other wickednesses that the life of the Church holdeth but by a very litle thread the which had bene straightway quite cut off Antichrist had so wel laboured therein had not God through his great mercy sent his seruants in time to represse him As long then as this threade remained there we deny it not the name of the Church no more then vnto a man the name of a man as long as he liueth what sickenesse soeuer he haue yea we are content to call her the spouse so that therewithall shee suffer vs in like maner to call her an adulteresse But we say that she is an heretical Church worse then al the Churches that euer haue bene a wife which prouoketh God to a diuorce a mother which nourisheth vp her children to the diuell and we pray God that he will vouchsafe to take her in childhood being defiled in her blood and that he will washe her in her olde age in the blood of his sonne that he will remember as he promiseth to Ierusalem Samaria the couenant made with her from her youth and that as he hath done alreadye in a good parte of her members it woulde please him to restore her againe to her first puritie and integritie See then as concerning the hereticall and impure Churches in doctrine whereof we mayntaine the Romane and Latine Church to be in the chiefest degree Concerning the Schismatical Churches whether they are plainely schismatical or whether heresie foloweth after a schisme as a feuer doth after a wouÌ„d heretikes schismatikes in this sense are all one Of Heretikes we haue spoken as before Of Schismatikes we make here two distinctioÌ„s The cause sayth the Canon maketh a schismatike not the separatioÌ„ therfore we say that they which haue giuen others a iust occasion to separate theÌ„ selues from their corruptions are the schismatikes not they who haue taken it For this cause the Apostles were not schismatikes although they separated them selues from the Scribes Pharises cut themselues of from their assemblies But rather the Priestes Scribes which put them to death when they submitted them selues to verifie the comming of Christ amidst the Church we shall proue in his proper place that the selfe same in like maner is come to passe in our time of those which haue verified Antichrist in an open councill For the second we say that we must distinguish betwixt the author of a schisme those which followe it That the authors of Schisme forasmuch as they rent theÌ„selues from charitie so by coÌ„sequence from the body of Christ they may be coÌ„pared to Dathan Core Abiram cutting themselues asmuch as in them lyeth out of the booke of life Concerning the others we say that they are the flocke of Christ but euil gouerned by their pastors and principally those which are borne vnder the Schisme forasmuch as neither of both are without blame neither can in any wise excuse themselues And therefore Dathan and his companions were swallowed vp and the congregation which cleaued vnto him was spared but in that it sawe the horrible punishmeÌ„t of those whom it had followed it was warned to separate it selfe for feare of the like In like maner Ieroboam his successors which through ambition had made a schisme in the Church were accursed and yet Samaria ceased not therefore at the least to be in the couenant of God neither by reason of her false worships halfe Iewish halfe heathenish To be short ambition the want of charitie wherof it proceedeth these make schismatikes therefore the poore people which do not holde thereof but are caried away with the faction of the mightiest as it were with a streame this although it be a separatioÌ„ yet properly it is not a schisme And euen as in factions which are made in a kingdome against the common wealth a good prince punisheth the Captaines through his clemeÌ„cie pardoneth the people who were let alone either to go through ignorance or in respect of their authoritie c. euen so it is to be presumed that the father of mercy doeth towards his poore children which for the most part do mourne vnder the ambition of the prelates are not partakers of their subtill couÌ„cels This be simply spoken of the Schismaticall Churches that is to say which haue no notable heresies ioined with their schismes The like thing also may be fouÌ„d in the Churches of the heretikes for oftentimes the leaders of the Church are heretikes by their subtilties in certaine things not the people who vnderstand theÌ„ not contenting themselues with the simplicitie of the worde which alwayes is most true But we will speake of this more amplie in another place We wil conclude then that the workes of the pure Church are fayth and charitie the worde and the Sacramentes purely lawfully administred The markes of the impure Churches are wheÌ„ therin they faile in part or be impure the which thing many times falleth out ordinarily together To be short howsoeuer it be when it hath no religion nor no doctrine nor no visible signes to distinguish it froÌ„ others We say that the Christian Churches haue their doctrine comprised in the olde newe Testament their Sacraments which are Baptisme the Supper that those which minister the one the other purely

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