of meates and the fumosities of them which dayly ascende on high vnto the partes of the Iawes much lyke to the smoke of an Ouen heated that passeth so long through the thincks of the same vntill those passages through the heate are wholy stopped that no more smoke can after passe through them Euen the like doe the fumosities of man issue forth into the maner of heares which are properly named the heares of the Bearde The colour of the Beard doth sometymes expresse the qualities quantityes of the humors yet hitherto hath not the same béene heard of that any man saw a flaxen white bearde for as much as the flegmaticke humor is not founde so mightie as to engender heares of the lyke colour through the depriuing and lack of naturall heate to â—leuate the sufficient matter vnto the engendring of the lyke coloured heares Here perhaps some will argue and affirme sayth the Phisiognomer that there is sundrie tymes séene women bearded yet these are not founde of a flegmaticke qualitie but rather the same doth happen in that the humors are so subtil that of nature such are procured to be hote For out of these creatures doe heares spring yea they sometymes appeare on their Iawes but properly these appeare about the mouth where the more heate doth abounde and such a woman séene the lyke is named of all men bearded here conceyue sayth Cocles that the like woman founde is iudged to be verie luxurious through hir hote and moyst qualitie of which the lyke creature séene is not onely noted strong of nature but to be of a stowte courage and manly in hir factes The persite woman is knowne to be sufficiently naked of heares especially about the mouth such a creature after Phisiognomie is reported and iudged to be of a good qualitie that is to say bashefull fearefull honest weake of courage gentle of behauiour and obedient Here sayth the Phisiognomer doth a solemne doubt arise and the same is why men are séene bearded not women for the more part which doubt séemeth to be put forth by the learned Gulielmus Nurice to which Cocles aunswereth in this maner that the same maye be gathered to procéede of the efficient the materiall and finall cause for as much as these properly serue vnto an ornament and comely bewtifying of the woman and in euerye kinde the Males are séene comelyer bewtisted with the same than the Females Which condition of the heares properly serueth vnto a defence of the iawes in man that the woman for the like defence and necessitie nothing néedeth at the least so much as the man through which the sense of féeling is knowne to be of greater force in man So that the man by this reason may better indure to go bareheaded and naked in other partes in the bitter colde weather than the woman and suffer greater stormes on the bodye than she maye without harme to insue A strenger reason maye be rendred and giuen of the effecient and materiall cause seing the Males in generall are knowne to be whoter than the Females For which cause the fume in men that is the matter precuring the heares is founde both more and mightier than in women which seing the same is knowne not able to be consumed for that cause God and nature togither ordayned two apt places in man for the passages of them as the one by the head other fitly by the chinne iawes which forme the beard of man Which maner fumes consisting in the woman for as much as they appeare not to be so many and mightie as well knowne they are to rest in the man for this cause are these properly and naturallye sent forth by the heade And a note of the like effect we sundrie â–ª times knowe and sée by women founde of a hote and moyste complexion that appeare bearded we sée contrariwise that in the colde and dry men these for the more part haue verie little or no beardes By which reason we gather sayth the Phisiognomer that the séemely beard waxeth not in the gelded person for as much as those partes haue then loste the benefite of their hotter qualitie through which these shoulde engender the hote humours and fumes that properly are the matter of the heares in them And by a like reason of the former wordes it appeareth that the thicknesse of the beard and great hearinesse in generall is an euidente note and iudgement of the substantiall heate and moysture and of naturall strength consisting in that creature Here may this argument also be propowned that seing children are knowne to be hote and moyst why they waxe not bearded as men to which doubt the Phisiognomer thus answereth that the smokie superfluousnesse which is the especiall matter of the heares that issueth forth of the heade and other partes of the bodye doth in them passe and serue to their increase and nourishment the like wordes in a maner appeare afore vttered by the singular Constantine Conceaue sayth the Phisiognomer that how much the plentie and force of heate consisteth so much the more store and quantitie of heares succeedeth in that creature For which cause a man must carefully beware of those persons which ouermuch abounde in the most great store and plentie of heares on the bodie when the complextion of such is especially founde adust The Phisiognomer Cocles wylleth a man to beware of those persons which haue a red beard in that the same coloured bearde indyeateth a heape an abundance of adustion and a mightie hotenesse to consist in these creatures through which such are knowne to be luxurious deceauers and lyars and in them by report of the Physiognomer doe the principall heape of vices rest vnlesse that grace godly education séeme otherwise to contrarie the abouesayde The bearde decerned comely and well fashioned doth innuate such a creature to be of a good nature of reasonable conditions congruent to all thinges and manered after his bringing vp Contrariwise iudge of them which haue the beard not séemely formed or euill fashioned in the length as appeare thin the gelded persons which after these are depryued of their genytours be then greatly chaunged from the nature of men into the condition of women as reporteth Aristotle in libro de Animalibus The singuler Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in sundrie subiects which hauing long and séemely beardes came after certaine yeares vnto a frensinesse and some of them to be starcke foolishe The Phisiognomer also reporteth that he obserued and knewe sundrie creatures which possessing and hauing verie long beardes fell from their estate and were oppressed with myseries and these in his time yea he knewe and vnderstoode of certaine noble persons which were expelled their proper country and of these especially in the precincts of Italie The like iudgement sayth the Phisiognomer may in a maner be vttered of the beard decerned soone hoarie as afore was taught in the chapiter of the heares in generall for as muche as their
sensitiue power easily mooueable that is lightly reducible from the power vnto the act of perceyuing But such which about the spondiles of the necke appeare hidden are noted to be persons lacking witte forasmuch as these hardlye being soluble which about the knottinesse are decerned weake to receiue the motion of the senses The shoulder poyntes decerned sufficiently distaunt a sunder doe denote such a creature to be liberall after nature applyed for the same vnto the decent apparancie and forme for that lyberalitie aunswereth and agréeth to suche a forme and the like formed are the shoulder poynts of the Lyon by the report of the Phisiognomer The shoulder pointes séene néere ioyning togither doe contrariwise signifie niggardship and vncurtesie to rest in that person The shoulder pointes appearing sufficiently distaunt a sunder and decently spaced from the knotte or ioynt of the neck doe argue such a person to be of a simple perceiuerance and vnderstanding and by the consequent knowne to be a dullard as the learned Aristotle wryteth The shoulder poyntes after the minde of the Phylosopher well brawned with an eminencie or bearing out of the fleshe and these strong formed are applyed after nature vnto the Male kinde For as much as the nature of the muscle is to possesse the ingendred hotenesse strong and of the reason of the heate is this procured to increase the forme of the members according to euerie Dametre The shoulder points decerned bigge large in forme doe indicate a hotnesse to consist in that creature The strength of euery person consisteth in the sinewes and bones for which cause when the muscles are sufficiently formed fleshie then must néedes insue a mighty strength to consist both in the sinewes and bones of which the spirit conioyned in such an habitude or body may well exercise and attempt or doe strong actions if néede requyreth Of which Rasis reporteth that the shoulder pointes decerned large doe indicate a strong person of an honest minde of good conditions and perfite vnderstanding The reason of this appéereth in that through the bredth of the shoulder pointes the muscles are indicated to be large and strong which procéede from a strong beginning that is in the braine where the beginning consisteth of the sinewes and the seate of the spirites So that of necessitie this must néedes insue that the forme of the heade to be capable vnto the retayning and possessing the goodnesse of senses as the Phisiognomer vttereth of hys skill and practise knowne The muscles formed weake and yll compowned of strength that the shoulder points appeare in a maner flatte and peraduenture matched or couered with a softnesse of fleshe doe argue a flegmatick qualitie of the contrary nature to rest in that creature as afore vttered in the proper place and if these appeare and be without a softnesse they import the like qualitie after the mind of the Phisiognomer Of which Rasis vttereth that the shoulder pointes formed thinne doe indicate the smalnesse of wit and vnderstanding The Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that he knewe and sawe sundrie women in his time which drew by Arte and through their bestiall indumentes the shoulder points so néere togither that they formed in a maner the like vnto O◠ventris in the part behinde and they garnished or bewtified these with Cosmeticall waters This Cocles also noted sundrie Italians and fonde French men which he aptly nameth by that byworde Hermaphroditi that vsed and exercised the like practise with their shoulder pointes A matter which séemeth in my opinion incredible to be exercised of any faithfull christian but the Phisiognomer séemeth trulye to vtter what he sawe and knewein sundrie places The bearing of the heades of the shoulder pointes verie farre out doe denote foolishnesse to consist in that creature which maner Aristotle reporteth vnto king Alexander to be a note of rygorousnesse and vnfaythfulnesse to dwell in that person The Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth of experience knowne the he sildom saw any person being crooke backed which were of a good nature but that these hauing the like bearing out or bunche on the shoulders were rather trayterous and verie wicked in their actions And such sayth the Phisiognomer were knowne in his time to be the founders of all wicked deceites yea wylie vnder myners and gropers of the people and had a deepe retching wyt and wylie fetches in wicked actions So that it seemeth impossible after nature that such deformed persons shoulde possesse in them laudable actions for as much as the spirite connexed in such an habitude doth yeelde a retrograde forme and propertie which sayth the the Phisiognomer is knowne for the more part to be Melancholike For which cause a man ought carefully to beware and take héede of fellowshipping or kéeping company with such infortunate persons for the aboue sayde reason and worke of nature For these sayth the Phisiognomer are the lyke to be eschewed as a man of skill would refuse and shunne the company of a person lacking any principall member of the bodye And the like Aristotle in secretis secretorum vttereth that a man ought diligently to beware and take héede of an infortunate person lacking any speciall member as he woulde of his proper animie daungerous The prouerbe like warneth vs to beware of the creatures marked in an other place of the persons marked in anye member that a man trust not them The reason is for that the spirites like insue vnto the forme of the body so that out of an euill shaped bodie can no lawdable actions procéede or be caused as afore vttered and this of him vttered Phisiognomically The Philosopher also vttereth that the great number of children liuing is cause many tymes of the yll happe of parents For these lacking prouision for their naturall sustenaunce are caused to worke mischiefes not tollerable by lawe For the Phisiognomer learned and saw sundry times that diuers fathers of many children not able to prouide sustenaunce for them were constrayned through great néede to steale through which practise exercised their children like endeuoured for the helpe of their parents néede and confessed a lyke matter at the place of execution So that the Philosopher giueth or sheweth this not as an inforced precept but rather perswadeth that in the cause of a necessitie the same to be procured as a rule in miserie which to the beholder may lyke appeare And the Mother Philosopher Asculanus vttereth a summe of the matter afore taught Ben se voria plicar li cinqui rami Metendo el primo fra le do piu apresso Dicendo hor toi poi che tanto mami Poi laltre cinque del sinistro tronco Voltare in verso gliochij de si stesso Chi mai si fida in rosso guercio e cionco By which he concludeth that no trust is to bée had in those women and men being red of colour and gogle eyed or one eyed and bunch backed also the reason is alledged in the same booke where he reporteth these
heade of a comely and due forme is fashioned lyke a hammer in which the fore and hinder part beare out for otherwise can this not make a due direction and gouernement the reason of which is for that the ventricles haue a due forme to receyue the quantities of spirites in euery place as that the forepart to imagine and iudge the hinder especiallye to remember But the midle ventricle when the forme of it is lightly compressed and flatted then is the bethincking part so much the nobler and worthyer for that in the same small place is the best vnitie to distinguish the congruent from the incongruent of the obiect consisting in the forepart When the forme of the heade afore is depressed and dented in then faileth the iudgement of the creature when the hinder part lacketh in the emmencie or is depressed then lyke fayleth the remembrance There consisteth also a weakenesse in moouing of the sinewes and by the consequent of the whole bodye in that by the strength of the braine is the strength like vttered of the necke and sinewes And as the largenesse of the shoulderpoynts euen so of the breste stanckes and bones Consiliator writeth that the heade of a seemely forme and maner doth encrease both sense and vertue and denoteth in that person both magnificencie and a grauitie of witte The head small not in due proportion formed doth argue the contrarie to these afore So that when the heade shall be great then will the braine be like bigge in that the braine is the beginner and worker of all the senses Againe if the heade be great then are the senses many econtra To haue a most bigge heade as Tarreus writeth and that in due forme doth denote a comlynesse of manners and good conditions in that person The heade great with a diuers forme proportioned and the sinewes small with a comely forme of the necke notwithstanding small and the bones small is a note of an euill composition and forme of the braine Such hauing a bigge head without due forme are for the more part Nidiots and fooles and vnapt to learne or to be taught which signe and note is accidentally gathered of the Asse hauing a big head This also is verified when as the head to the necke and body is not aunswerable and proportioned orderly after nature The heade bigge and the necke small is an euill signe for that the vertue forming lacketh in that creature and the matter also is inobedient of which ensueth a simplysitie of witte and the lacke of discretion in that person The heade great proportioned agréeablye to the bodye or rather to the necke so that the necke be strong and meanely bigge with strong and bigge sinewes not without good reason and deserte is the same laudable and commeÌ„ded The heade Pineapple formed after the condicion of a sharpe vpright piller in such maner that the nether parte shal be bigge and round but the vpper part sharpe to a Pineapple fashioned doth argue in that person an vnshame fastnesse irefulnesse gréedie catching and rash boldnesse which procéedeth through the hotenesse and drienesse of the braine Such for the more parte are the formes and conditions of the Ianewies and many of the hypocriticall religious The person which much sturreth to and fro and not long abyding in a place is noted bolde and irefull and such a person séemeth to haue a hote braine The heade bigge with the other signes denoting witte is an apte receptacle and place for good Artes but otherwise is the same when as the heade is great and not aunswering to the other members If the forme of the heade as afore vttered becomely with the fore ventricle of a good forme and sufficient moyst is then laudable in that the attayning and imprâ—nting of kindes is by the moysture caused but the retencion caused thorow the dryth which is contayned in the hinder part When the braine is great then are caused bigge sinewes which of that reason argue drinesse in the places for these of theyr proper nature be knowne colde drie And of thys the vertue memoratiue is made strong in retayning the kindes and by that helpe reserueth them long The heade with the middle ventricle somewhat compressed or flatted of eyther side doth denote the vertue of bethinking to be in compowning prompt and ready and like in deuiding the same which is attained through the vnitie of spirites in that place gathered The head spericall or throughly rounde doth denote a quicke moouing vnstablenesse forgetfulnesse small discretion and little witte in that person for this motion of the spirites neuer ceasseth nor resteth as in manye Frenchmen and Spaniardes and the like in certaine Germaines hath bene obserued noted For when the forme of the heade is through rounde then is the midle ventricle large and the spirites working in the same so large vntill these finde a large place which in the meane time are not sufficiently vnited and on such wise is the vertue extimatiue weakened by that the spirites are caried rounde about the boundes of the same Insomuch that such men hauing the like formed heades doe of a proper qualitie and condition promise much but performe little these also are knowne to be importunate couâ—tous and enuious thinking onlye of the present time and the same slenderly so that for the time past and the same to come these take no care nor thinke any whit thereof For which cause the Phisiognomer willeth that no man assuredly trust anye such persons which especially be founde after skill to haue the bodie much chollericke or melancholicke séeing such condicions in sundrie persons of like forme hath béene obserued many times by the Phisiognomer which were most true Further he reporteth that if anye of these happen in authority and beare rule they are not onely seduced by light credite but proue to be rauening Wolues and put forwarde themselues to vtter their crueltie and become in time wicked Tiraunts The meaner sort of these are giuen to be robbers by the high way yea and murtherers of men except their vertuous education and fearing of God doe otherwise contrarie these dispositions in them He further instructeth that if the habitude and forme of the abouesayde body be sanguine then is the aforsayd qualities much abated in the same creature so that such a subiect is but a litle inclined to like maners ano condicions through the goodnesse of this complexion Here in this place somewhat agréeing to the abouesayde doth the Phisiognomer place an example for instruction sake which is on this wise A certaine Almayne he noted on a time being Secretarie to a worthie Prince in that country who in the time of warres being in campe with the Prince espiedon a time by happe a bodye Lowse créeping on his hose which séeing was much abashed thereat and being in that amazement required his man to take him off saying to him scrupulously that he in no maner wittingly would stea a creature of god
of the eyes signified that the fore ventricle of the braine was flewmatick which to conclude fortified as he sayth the shortnesse of lyfe and according as the Phisiognomer had iudged on this king euen so he learned and vnderstoode that a short tyme he raigned Of which notes Almansor secundus vttereth that the sharpnesse of the nose the long neck the voyce sharpe or small and the comlynesse of complexion demonstrated togither a drynesse in that creature through the part of the chollerick qualitie But his composition of bodye was founde small and the place of the stomacke decerned narrow his digestion also of meate was knowne to be both weake and small through the little and narrow stomack his hart was founde to be cold through the length of his neck hée was besides conetous and fearefull which is contrarie vnto magnanimitie or boldnesse in that the same proceedeth of a hote qualitie Yet had thys person a readie wit through the comely forme of the head for as much as the knitting and conioyning of the spirites was laudable by which the decent Organe aptly serued vnto reason especiallye for the eminencie of the foreheade in bredth but the breast the ribbes the héeles and the necke were founde all effeminate which as aboue vttered be contrarie vnto magnanimitie the Aquyline or hawked nose indicated as the Phisiognomer reporteth his couetousnesse that so mightily by his report bare sway in him Thus sayth he a man must proportionate all the members togither for otherwise shall it be in vaine to iudge or pronounce any matter at all after the minde of the Physiognomer on any subiect The nose séene flatte doth signifie such a person to be luxurious hastie in wrath and faynt hearted for the dominion of the moysture and flowme in that creature as the learned Conciliatore reporteth Here concraue sayth the Phisiognomer Cocles that when the nose appeareth flatte then is a hotnesse and moysture indicated in that person for as much as the hotnesse of the Aquyline or hawked nose is caused with a drynesse So that the flatte noses are procured through a hotnesse and moysture in that the moysture causeth the inlarging of the nose of which such are knowne hote and moyst that properly cause the luxurie in them When any report such persons that they are hastie in wrath the same procéedeth as the Phisiognomer reporteth of an ouermuch hotenesse and the inflamation of spirites moued and procured through the aboundance of matter and of that inflamation by the report of Cocles is the prefulnesse caused in such An other cause shall here be vttered in that the inflamation of the spirite can not soone or spéedily be cooled through the narrow passage as shall appéere in the matter folowing Of which the singular Philosopher Asculanus in the mother tongue wrote these worthie verses ensuing EL concauato è anchora il naso simo ciascun di loro a la luxuria acosta Piu del secundo dico che del primo chi la subtile e ne lextremo aguzo Ouero rotundo cum obtusa posta mouesi ad ira el primo come cuzo Laltro e magnanimo e dae graue stile The person which hath a short nose and the same flatte is iudged after the minde of the Phisiognomer to be lasciuious and as some wryte to be a théefe The nose séene short the mouth formed small and the teeth founde short and bigge doe denote after the minde of the worthie Conciliatore a moyst and colde complexion The sharpenesse of the nose séene the necke founde long the voyce heard small and comely are apparaunt notes of a temperate chollerick qualitie as the learned Rasis the worthy Albertus Ptolomeus paruus and other report and Cocles with them The Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that hée hath many tymes noted of experience in infinite subiects in all his life time he neuer sawe any which were not possessed with a heape of vices especially for lying or for theyr ymagining lyes and this caused by the Chollericknesse consisting in them for which cause this Cocles willeth a man to beware and take héede of the felowshipping with such as of all which sayth he experience in short time will instruct thée perfite The Nose formed sharpe at the ende doth indicate such a person to be a lyar contentious and yrefull the reason is as the Phisiognomer reporteth in that such are of a chollericke qualitie for as much as the leannesse and sharpenesse of the Nose doth for the more part happen through the abundaunce of choller The same ende also hath narrow passages in which the ayre can not passe nor enter to coole the heart so that of this it long remayneth inflamed which is cause of the contending and quarrelling of that person The lyke creature by report of the Phisiognomer was that Antonius a learned scribe and notarie Yea he noted many other Countrie men of his to be lyke among the number of which Cocles obserued and knewe a iolly fellowe of the lyke nature and conditions named Vandinus de Fauentia which was a betrayer of his curteous Lorde and principall ayder sonne vnto the noble Astorgius Fauentia by whose meanes and other mightie deceyuers aboute him was this gentle Lorde by commaundement conueyed or caryed vnto prison in Rome and shut vp as close prisoner in that goodly strong Castle named Sancti Angeli where not manye Monethes abyding was lamentably murdered of a most cruell Bastard by a headlong fall as the Phisiognomer learned and vnderstoode which wicked creature after the fact committed miserablie pyned away euen like an ymage of war standing in the hotest Sunne When the Nose shall bée meanely small a little drie vpwarde and at the ende raysed vp and the neather part or ende turned agayne vpward or that his cleft be procéeding from beneath vnto the part turned vpward towarde the cone of the Nose doth then indicate luxurie or such an abuse of the bodie not here decent to be vttered as the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie reporteth The lyke of this the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted sundrie tymes especiallye in one of the Senate house of the noble citie of Bononie which for reuerence vnto the noble house honesty sake he refuseth to name The cause is forasmuch as such are of a moyst and sanguine qualitie tending vnto choller and these vniuersally by report of the Phisiognomer are luxurious in both the kindes euen as the same through the pricking forwarde of choller which dayly inflameth the bloud And the regitine nature of the whole bodye mooueth or stirreth forward the expulsiue vertue vnto the sending forth of the noyous matter superfluous and expelleth the same vnto the congruenter places by the apt passages and sendeth the same foorth vnto the â—rdâ—y in that it is the cause of the erection of it So that such helpe forewarde themselues by a proper industrie not decent for honestie sake to be here vttered when as the desired subiect is not at hand
most sounde and most faythfull for the more parte are founde dissemblers vnfaithfull turnecotes moste hurtfull and most peruerse in their doinges And without this Arte a man can not so well detect their falshoode and doings as to find out and know Thersites from the mighty Hector or the effeminate Vlysses subtill Catiline from the worthie Fabius and Camillus If euer this were in any age a necessary science then no doubt in this our time being moste peruerse and wicked it is most profitable and necessary For who doth not see in our dayes how the impudent Thersites the subtill Vlysses and the most seditious Catiline do rage For this cause most prudently were appoynted in times paste as some report in the Courtes of kings and noble Princes certain learned men able to discouer the facts and minds of their subiectes souldiers and others conuersant about them The learned Aristotle in his booke of gouernement willeth that comely men be chosen in office and made Magistrates and not mishapen and deformed In another place he admonisheth men to beware of those persons which are marked by nature according to the common opinion of men an euill fauoured and crabbed countenance doth euermore yeelde vntoward condicions For by the agreement of all writers the countenance is euermore a bewrayer of the minde and Martiall in his twelfth booke describeth by these signes and notes his pieuish Zoilus and wicked backbyter in two proper verses Crine niger ruber ore breuis pede lumine laesus Rem magnam praestas Zoile si bonus es These englished are thus much in effect Thy heares are black thy fete be short purblinde to vvith bearde readde A good deede do the Prouerbe sayth and then cut of thy headde The Greeke Poet Agadius described also a certaine lymping or halting person in this sort 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Which may thus be translated VVhy doste thou limpe and halt thy minde is lame I see These outvvard signes are tokens plain of secrete yll in thee If Pompeius had vsed this diligence in beholding and considering the countenance hee woulde not so lightly haue credited and bene seduced by Achylles and Septimus nor the valiant Caaesar had happened into the hands of Brutus and subtill Cassius by whome they and their company were lamentably murthered Further this Art procureth no smal commoditie and profite to Schoolemaysters in searching out knowing the aptnesse and pregnancie of their scholers vnto learning For if they deale like honest and faythfull tutors they ought to receyue none into their schoole to be instructed in learning and Arts contrary to their capacitie but rather followe the example of Apollonius Alabandensis that deuine and rare Schoolemayster of whom Cicero writeth in his booke De Oratore This man sayth he although he customablye reade and taught schollers for a stipende and gayne yet would he suffer none vnder him to lose their tyme if hee perceyued their wittes vnapt to attayne Oratorye but rather wylled them to leaue of and cease that study and to follow that skill and Arte that he knew and saw them inclyned vnto Which example if our schoolemaysters and tutors would indeuor to practyse and followe we shoulde then enioy and haue many more excellent scholers in all laudable studies Artes than at these daies are knowne to be Here I thinke it good tyme to ende not meaning to wade or proceede any further in the infinit prayses of so singular an Art therby to hinder your honors graue serious studies with this my rud simple worke the which although it be not worthye to craue the protection of so Noble a personage yet am I the author thereof bolde to intrude and thrust it vppon your Grace to thintent that through your Graces fauorable protection it may possesse a free passage Zoilus be put to silence and I encouraged to shewe my simple skil and small iudgement hereafter in matters more pleasant and delectable God preserue your Grace and increase your meditations and thoughtes in all godlynesse and vertue and sende you long helth and the yeares of the mightye Nestor Amen Yours most humble Thomas Hill. The Preface to the Reader and diligent traueyler in the Arte of Phisiognomie SEeyng it is true gentle Reader that the first and principallest poynt of wisedome is to know God the second to knowe our selues and the thirde to knowe our duties towardes our neighbors it must néedes then be graunted and confessed that those meanes which leade vs to the nearest vnderstanding and perceyuing of them are both good profitable and necessarie wherefore great folly ruleth these men who by their slender and faint arguments woulde condemne and banish Philosophie The which after the minde of S. Paule doth force vs to the vnderstanding and knowledge of the seconde and also by the agréement and consent of all the learned doth throughly instruct vs in the last The people of the world lifting vp their mindes to the Elementes beholding the motions alterations chaunges the seuerall courses of the lightes and Planets with theyr infinite obseruations looking downe againe vpon the earth and there in séeing the compasse the situation and magnificence thereof with the wonderfull working of nature did acknowledge a God the maker of them and therein did confesse his power and omnipotencie The Philosopher Ariopagita being without the swift hearing of thinges done in Iewrie when he sawe the wonderfull and vnnaturall darcknesse that sodainly ranne ouer the face of the earth durst affirme the worlde to drawe to an ende or else the maker and framer of it to suffer violence In Athens the mother and nurse of learning where the Philosophers had their long resting place by learning acknowledged a greater God then by corrupt nature they could attaine vnto when by the witnesse of S. Paule they erected an aultar ignoto deo to the vnknowne god I haue read of a prowde king of Englande whome the water notwithstanding hys fierce and thundering commaundement woulde not obey but still rose higher and higher to the wetting of his féete with shame ynough confessed a god to whom the waters were obedient By Philosophie we learne to know our selues the diuersitie betwéene Mankinde and other Creatures the excellencie of the one ouer the other in some pointes and the excellencie of the other in other poyntes Reason hath made man to differ from the brutishe generation and therefore more excellent but by his disabilitie and weake ruling of himselfe the other is his superiour The beast doth all thinges by the instinct and prouocation of nature Man without reason not able to bridle hys sensualitie degenerates from that he ought to bée and becommeth more monstruous with sinne sensuality lust and all other wicked vices than any other monster in forme and shape By Philosophie we learne what is iust honest comely profitable decent vertuous and Godly and againe what is dishonest vnseemoly vicious and to be abhorred To make a perticuler prayse of Philosophie the treatie woulde not
eleuated yet as vnto the other partes and powers is the spirite comprehended of the bodie Although the inner affectes of the spirite can not be iudged by the outward notes of the body yet may the accydences of the spirite minde according to those which togither alter both spirite and body be iudged as Aristotle reporteth in secundo priorum Auerro is vttereth that the accidences not naturall cause no note but in the spirite as if any knoweth the Arte of Musick he hath the note in the spirite and not in bodie formed of the same The lookes also of men although they doe not differ in the essentiall kinde Yet doe these differ in the kinde accedentall So that the accidentall difference of lookes in man doth onely suffice for the difference of conditions But if anye shall here obiect that sentence written in the seuenth chapiter of saint Iohns Gospell where our Sauiour willeth none to iudge rashely after the vtter appearaunce of the face or looke but to pronounce and iudge a righteous iudgement To this maye thus be aunswered that the same saying of the Lord was spoken vnto them which in very deede were wicked persons of malicious conditions yet not of the matter and cause doe they procure a iudgement but through the accepting of persons and in the hate or contempt of men are they so alienated from the truth of the matter in iudging which otherwise must be eschewed and that especiallye where the person is occupied in the celestiall doctrine Thys is also to be learned and noted that anye person as afore vttered to iudge alone by the face mightily to erre and be deceyued so that necessarie it is to gather and marke sundrie other notes of the bodye and after to pronounce iudgement and the same not firmely but coniecturally As by thys example may well appeare that if the Phisiognomer earnestly beholding and vewing any merrie person by nature doth sée him at that instant tyme through some hap verie sadde of countinaunce and doth of the same iudge hym to be sad by nature where he contrariewise is of nature merrie or otherwise appearing then merrie shal iudge him of the same to be of nature merrie where perhaps by nature he is giuen to be sadde must néedes through these lyke greatly erre and be deceyued in iudgement Here also note that there are two maner of passions as the one naturall and the other accidentall The accidentall are those which consist of the spirite and for the same that they consist of the spirite no alteration in body is caused as of the Arte and science and these by notes in the bodye are not indicated But the naturall which for that they consist in vs as afore taught for that cause doth some alteration appeare in the bodye as yre feare and such like of which hereafter in this worke shall be intreated To be briefe this Phisiognomie is aknowledge which leadeth a man to the vnderstanding and knowing both of the naturall motions and conditions of the spirite and the good or euill fortune by the outwarde notes and lines of the face and body Yea by the pases many times is the heart bewrayed and the voyces as Aristotle reporteth are notes and vtterers of the inner thoughtes all which vnder the Phisiognomicall science are contayned Lucius Scylla and Cesare dictatoure by the helpe of this science founde out and iudged the wylie craftes and disceites of their aduersaries manye times that secretly conered their malicious mindes by their fayre shewes The most singular and prudent Plato in his Phisiognomie vttereth these wordes that the man which hath members like to any beast insueth his nature as he which hath an Aquiline or hauked nose vseth and exercyseth Aquiline conditions as magnanimitie cruelnesse and gréedie catching The common sort at this day without any reason and learning doe pronounce and iudge certayne matters verie straunge of men as when he sayth of anye fowle looke this person pleaseth me nothing They also say God defend and kéepe me from the fellowship of that person marked as are the bunch backed and gogle eyed persons By which euydently appeareth that the bodily notes of Phisiognomating by the naturall conditions of men doe procure and cause a great probablenesse although no necessitie To conclude all the workings and passions of the spirite appeare to be matched and ioyned with the bodie which especially appeareth in the passions of the concupiscible or desirefull spirite as are yre méekenesse feare pittifulnesse mercie and such lyke which are not caused without the locall motion of the heart dilating and drawing togither Of thys the bodies of diuers men are diuersly disposed according to the dyuers dispositions of spirites in that mens spirites through dyuers members are diuersly disposed in their passions To ende the conditions and naturall affections that consist in the sensytiue part is reported of the Phylosopher Aristotle to be the sense gyuer being common both to men and beastes The knowne signes and notes both of the healthfull and sicke bodies after the condition of the foure qualities First the signes and notes of a hote qualitie The. ij chapter THose bodyes naturally hote doe most speedily encrease and waxe fatte as the like in yong children doth well appeare But after yeares such waxe drie their veyues apparant in the places and beating fast Also their breath strong their voyce lowde mightie and great of strength Iustie and strong to coeate and much or verie often desiring thereto Such also doe féede well brooke and digest their meats Further they haue much heare on their heade and in other places the like where as naturallye the same shoulde growe and that thicke bristled speciallye on the breast The cause of which procéedeth through the much heate of the heart as the like may appeare after the minde of auncient men both in the Lion and Cocke The signes of those bodies of a colde complextion or qualitie The. iij. chapter THose bodies naturally cold doc slowe increase and come to a fatnesse their veynes appeare bigge and apparaunt but their pulses beate slow Also their breath lowe in the hearing hauing a small voyce and weake to câ—eate so that sildome desiring thereto of the which such beget few children They also be great sléepers and sléeping often yet eating little weakely digesting and bearing their meate euill Further such be white of skinne with some rednesse mixed and in the féeling appeare cold with the heares thume and slowe in the growing whether the same be blacke or white Also dull of witte fearing or trembling of a light cause and weake to labour The signes of those bodies of a moyst qualitie The. iiij Chapter THose bodies naturally moyst be tender and soft of fleshe corpulent wyth their ioyntes and bones hidde and weake of strength that they can not long or but a while endure to labour so that the wearinesse of labour is soone espyed and séene in them Also such feare and tremble in a maner for euerye
by the custome of it That person which hath a fyrie rednesse on the breast and face is inâ—amed with yre and easilye commeth franticke and mad as the like of these the Phisiognomer hath knowne by experience in sundrie persons and referred to the passion The redde colour of the heares of the head intensed is a note of craftie wiles and deceytes of much yre and of fransinesse when as the same declareth the aboundance of choller The browne Chestnut colour doth declare vprightnesse and the loue of iustice and all report especially Nuncius naturae in the seuenth booke of the nature of beastes and in the first Chapiter of the condition of a Nurse where he vttereth that of those the better and healthfuller sort are they which be browne in colour than the whyte woman and haue a helthfuller milke the selfe same affirmeth Auicen 4. de animalibus Those persons hauing a flerie redde colour or néere to it doe retaine anger long that harde to be qualified and appeased and harde to be ruled when they be angred and suche are referred to the passion that is vnto the maner appearing in any such grieuously angred Those persons which haue the veines of the necke extensed and appearing bigge and eminent out with a red colour tincted doe retaine anger long and suche an vngracious anger that harde it is to be appeased Those also as the Philosopher wryteth be referred to the maner appearing for that in such an yre this hapneth as that the veines to be extended and magnified through the boyling and swelling vp of the bloude and spirites from the heart which so retch out those veines as is aforesayde and the like iudge in the forhead where we vtter iudgement of the lynes there séene The iudgement of the colour and substaunce of the heares of the head and in all other places of the body The xiii chapter NVncius naturae vttreth in lib. 2. de partibus cap. 14. animalium that of all lyuing creatures man in especiall is thickest and hath most plentie of heares on the head The cause of which matter is applyed as well vnto a necessitie as vnto the reason of a helpe and succour For necessarie it was that the heares should be both for the moysture of the braine and seames of the scull for where the most quantitie of humours and heate is there of necessity must the great plenty of heares growe for the reason cause of a defence that the daylie increasing growing of the heares couering the head may so defende and succour it from the extreme colde and mightie heate Seing mans brayne in proportion is greatest and moystest for that cause it néedeth especiallye a defence c. Isydore reporteth that the heares of the heade were ordayned of nature to couer and beséeme the head that these might so defende the braine from the colde and heate of the Sunne Albertus in lib. de animalibus cap. 3. reporteth that the heares procéede of the grosser vapours issuing by the poores of the skinne of the heade sent forth by heate through the narrowe holes of the skinne which dryed and hardned in the comming forth through the outward colde of the ayre And the heares of the head which slowly increase through the lacke of bloud is a note that the complexion to be verye moyst That if these spéedily increase is a note that the body declyneth vnto a drynesse But to come to the matter the heares of the head doe naturally declare the qualities quantities of humours and the conditions of the spirite or minde The Phylosopher also in 5. de generatione animalium cap. 3. vttereth that the cause of the bignesse and smalnesse of the heares of the head is most chiefely caused and growe out of the skin and not out of the flesh when the humour in them is euaporated and breatheth forth seing we sée that the grosse heares doe spring out of a thick and grosse skinne and the small heares out of a thinne and soft skinne these hytherto Aristotle So that when hotenesse and drinesse be conioyned the heares of the head doe much sooner grow waxe many thick For as much as the much quantity signifieth a hotenesse and the bignesse of them a much fumositie And for that cause in yong men there is a more quantitie than in children for as much as the matter of children is vaperous and not humerous And the contraries of these doe folow their contraries Further the signification by the part of the figure is that the crispednesse declareth a hotenesse and drinesse for the same is caused when it findeth a tortuousnesse both of the holes and powers but this doubt is not here resolued when as the complexion is altered although the two first matters be chaunged The playnnesse and flat lying of the heares of the head doth signifie a contrarie that is coldnesse and moystnesse as euidently appeareth As touching the part of the colour the blacknesse signifieth a hotenesse which blacknesse is here ment like to the cléere horne with a roughnesse and somewhat tortuous The whitishnesse signifieth a coldnesse but the citrinnesse and rednesse signifieth an equalitie and the whitishnesse doth eyther argue a vehement coldenesse as the horinesse or a strong and mightie drinesse which like hapneth in the vegetalles when they are dried which from their blacknesse or gréenesse passe into a whytenesse and this like hapneth not to men but in the ende of drying sicknesses Auerroys quarto colligit capitulo of the notes of the complexion of the whole bodye reporteth that the signification of the colour of the heares of the head is not verified for the more part but in temperate climates although in euery climate may be somewhat coÌ„prehended in comparing the men of that climate dwelling there vnder As for example in the Germanes and Moores of which the Moores are black and their heares are crisped with an vttermost tortuousnesse yet not for this is their complextion hote but rather these notes ought to be attributed to the outwarde heate seing they are knowne rather to be colde through the heate vaporating But the Germanes Wendenland people and those which dwell in the colde countries are white of body their heares yellow and plaine yet not for this is it generally to be sayde that they be colde but rather that their complexion is very hote in that the heate is included in the inwarde partes of their bodies as the like hapneth in the winter time Gallen vttreth that the white heares of the head doe declare a cold complexion and the quality of a deminished coldnesse hath the heares of the heade yellow to Gold and the complexion of a diminished hotnesse hath the heares of the heade redde in colour Auerroys wryteth that in whome coldnesse is lesser than hotnesse hath golden or yellow heares on the heade in that the yellownesse doth signifie the complextion of a diminished coldenesse And the rednesse of heares on the head doe declare a complextion of
when a woman is aparelled decked in mans apparell which doth then declare hir nature to draw néere to mans As the like did that woman of courage named Fracassa who commonly vsed to weare by the report of the Phisiognomer mans apparell and would vpon a brauerye manye times arme hir selfe at all poynts to iust and runne sundrie times so armed at the ring The forme of which woman by the earnest vew of the Phisiognomer was on this wise shée had a small heade and Pineapple like a necke comely formed large breasted séemelye armes aunswering to the body but in hir other partes as in the hippes buttockes thighes and legges nere agréeing to mans This manlye woman also walked vpright in bodie treading light on the grounde and bearing hir head playing like to the Hart. The other notes of this woman did the Phisiognomer for breuitie sake here omitte Yet he thus concluded that by the sundrie notes which he vewed shée was prone to come to a violent death These verses of the Italian Franciscus Asculanus may aptly be applyed in thys place touching the great deceyte and subtile practises of many Strumpets in their deckings and other wanton alurements to the mightie harme and vndoing of many men as the like well knowne by that coragious woman aboue described who drew for the personage and singuler beawtie many a worthy Capitane and Souldiour to hir company For which cause this man mooued with a loue and pittie towardes his countriemen wrote these by the way of a perswation in the mother tongue as followe De non credati a femina scioccha E non vacenda lor ficta bellezza Ma riguardati come dentro fioccha Miri la mente cum gli occhij cerueri Che alhora perderai la sua vaghezza De lei mirando li socij misteri That some light vnderstanding may be conceyued by these verses he vttereth in them that he woulde his countrie men to beware of the counterfeyt beawtie of most women with them in that the same not naturall but like framed by Arte with waters tinctures and suche like The Phisiognomer also reporteth that manye women like delighted to garnishe and decke vp themselues carrie the heade after the maner of the Hart with the eies rolling and turning here and there still turning the head one whils on the right side an other whiles on the left yea vpwarde and downewarde which argueth an especiall vnstablenesse and an vnsatiable luxury in that creature In so much that if they intensiuely possesse or haue these then suche be for the more part ercmeriti and of experience sayth the Phisiognomer doe I report this Where sundrie men are named to be Effemynate is vnderstanded and ment two wayes the one when as such be delighted to go in apparell and decked with ornaments like to women the other to appéere laciuious and weake both of will and courage The qualitie of which apparently declareth that the minde for the more part doth like ensue and aunswere to the dispotion of the bodie For such be noted of experience to be vnfaythfull and euill reporters and lyars in that they thus through their counterfayting aunswere in partes to the kinde fraudelent and wylie Further the youthfull delightes in men is séene vnto twentie yeares or néere vpon for that the naturall heate is all that time couered and hinde of the moysture The knowledge of which is well discerned through their members then being soft that suffer in a maner as the women The wearing of heauie garments customably doth perfitly argue a heauie braine but the garments light doe witnesse a light braine which rule and note much furthereth the person minding to Phisiognomate on any subiect The heares of the heade blackish in colour if they be meanely thinne as writeth Palemon and the like Albertus Aristotle and Consiliatore doe then denote honest condicions and both a good disposition iudgement and nature in that person The heares of the head yellowish and meanely thinne doe denote that the Sunne and Mercury to beare sway in the qualities and nature of that person after the minde of the Phisiognomer which I thereto agrée The learned Consiliatore writeth that he which hath the heares of the heade and in all other partes of the body standing vpright is argued by iudgement fearefull for that such persons in great feare appeare the like which for that applyed to the condition of the passion A lyke reason of the same vttereth Albertus which affirmeth that the windie moysture is cause of such an vprightnesse and staring of the heares Yet be the heares somtimes crisped curled and hard which procéede through the drinesse in the sharpe heate is causing and working the lyke The worthy man Almansor writeth that the crispednesse of the heares and of these standing vpright doe demonstrate a hote qualitie and hastye nature in that person Here in the first persons touching the colour of the heares and the effeminacie of parts doth the Phisiognomer aptly apply the Moone and Venus but in the seconde kinde doth he néerer attribute the Sunne or rather Mars The heares of the heade lying flatte and reaching out on the foreheade doe denote a strong person ▪ yet brutish of likelyhood in condicions for that the powling of heades in our time may greatly beguile the iudger and these applied to the Beare and other wilde beastes A like iudgement the Philosophers vttereth that the roughnesse of the heares of the heade do denote in many lacking education and grace the rudenesse of maners and wilde behauiour The heares of the heade after the minde of the Philosopher Aristotle very thinne doe indicate an effeminate minde for the lacke of bloud through which not onely a slownesse but a womanly courage and dulnesse in conceyuing is procured A muche quantitie of the heares of the head lying flat and appart on the middle of the foreheade folding and winding vpwarde towarde the braine or crowne of the heade doe argue after the agréement of Authors that such a person to be both subtile and wilye yet in honest and iuste causes not founde so aduised and wittie for which reason attributed of the Phisiognomer to the barbarous sort The heares of the heade flat lying of eyther side descending to the forheade doe declare such a person condicioned to the nature of the Horse The heares next the temples small and thin ▪ doe denote a colde person and weake of strength ▪ the reason of which séemeth to bée for that the temples supply that place where the great Arters and Uaines doe ende And in this the place shoulde naturally be hote through which causing the engendering of heares in that the same is procured of heate For which cause when the heares of the temples be small and thinne doe then denote the lacke of naturall heate and applyed to women being there bare of heares The heare by the temples thinne yet founde stiffe doe then denote not only a fearefull person but colde also by nature The
of the foreheade which with a certaine musculous and thinne substaunce fastned to it is vnited or ioyned togither that the inner partes of the hands and soales of the féete with the tendons doe agrée and worke togither The foreheade distinguished or deuided of the bones lying vnder the vtter skinne doth onely consist of two mouable skinnes and briefly the whole is lose in it selfe and of the same is vndoubtedly mooued by a voluntarie motion The skinne of the foreheade doth mooue togither with the eie liddes by certaine muscles and sinewes at the opening and shutting togither of the eyes The musculous thickenesse lying vnder the skinne of the foreheade by which the eye browes are drawne vp and the motion of the foreheade caused hath his hearie fastnings tending downewarde which cut ouertwhart by an vnskilfull Chirurgian doth after cause that the whole skin of the foreheade doth slyde or fall downe to the eyes The plaine and euen forheade without anye wrincles is the same which doth beare or bosse nothing outwardes but contayneth or hath a certayne euennesse thorow out And suche persons are noted of the Phisiognomer to be contentious and full of variances the reason is for that the same signifieth a grosse skinne of the foreheade and of the consequent a like witte and the hardenesse of flesh which cannot be placed of which the rudenesse of vnderstanding ensueth through the Organ not due proportioned And such also be hote and drye persons which is the cause of the tention of the foreheade so that through the paucitie of vnderstanding they be caused brawlers and contentious In all matters is their a certaine outwarde note by which we finde those that are not answering to the eyes that is to say the inward notes not séene Of this appereth that the nature of the proper matter hath his and Philosophie naturall hath his which it skilfully noteth The person that hath a bigge foreheade is slow and dull witted compared vnto the Oxe in that the Oxe is a slowe beast which hath a bigge foreheade But the foreheade small doth denote an vnstable person The foreheade large doth indicate such a person to be inclined often to chaunge both minde and purpose but if the foreheade be very large then such a person for the more parte is noted to be a foole of small discretion and dull witted as both Aristotle and Auicen write The foreheade to be large after the agréement of writers is ment to be formed with a due quantitie both in the length and breadth The foreheade rounde and fleshie doth argue such a person to be irefull if the same especially be bearing or bossing out and with this lacking discretion dull and slowe who of the Philosopher aptly applyed to the Asse The forehead ouermuch standing forth that the same séemeth bossed out in the middle doth signifie the excesse of choller and such for the more parte are disposed and inclyned vnto the Chollericke and hastye passions as vnto the fransinesse and furious hastinesse A like to this that if the foreheade hath as it were a proper bearing forth or knobbe bossing out and certaine dentings in or little furrowes to be séene doth by practise of the Phisiognomer signifie such a person to be rashe wylie and false of promise yea this like by the reporte of Adamantius doth denote sometimes foolishnesse and fransinesse or madnesse in that creature so that the other signes and notes of the partes aunswere and agrée The foreheade little and narrowe doth indicate such a person to be foolish and a small likelyhoode in him to be taught or to conceyue anye learning to purpose yea nastie sluggish and a gluttinous féeder applyed for these to the grunting Sowe But the foreheade small that is thinne of skinne and very narrowe in a swarte person doth denote him to be lasciuious soone mooued to ire ouer liberall séeking desirouslye acquaintaunce and a note of small witte in him Here note that the foreheade small and hauing a thin skinne doth indicate in that creature subtill and moouable spirites econtra For the spirite is a subtill substaunce aereall cléere and produced of the lightest and most thinne part of bloude by which the vertue of life is caried vnto the proper actions of the same So that where the ouermuch thickenesse is of the foreheade there of necessitie must the grosse spirites be ingendred which are not apt to meditate or conceyue déepelye for the expulsiue vertue which is weaker in that person And the vertue vnited is stronger or mightier than the same dispersed so that the spirites vnited can not aptly discerne the congruent actions through the ouer emptie large and flegmatick place The foreheade ouer thinne of skin and wrineled doth argue the lacke of braine and consumption of the substauntiall moysture as the like appeareth in aged persons and in those which by dayly and continuall sicknesses are wasted and brought very leane The foreheade long doth witnesse suche a person to be wittie apt to learne or to be taught yet somewhat vehement in causes many times For these of the Philosopher aptlye applyed to the fierce Dog. new acquaintaunce and a note of small witte in him Here note that the foreheade small and hauing a thinne skinne doth indicate in that creature subtill and mooueable spirites â—contra For the spirite is a subtill substaunce aereall cléere and produced of the lightest and most thin part of bloud by which the vertue of lyfe is caried vnto the proper actions of the same So that where the ouermuch thicknesse is of the forehead there of necessitie must the grosse spirites be ingendred which are not apt to meditate or conceyue déepely for the expulsiue vertue which is weaker in that person and the vertue vnited is stronger or mightier then the same dispersed so that the spirits vnited can not aptly discerne the congrueÌ„t actions through the ouer emptie large and flegmaticke place The foreheade ouer thinne of skinne and wrinkled doth argue the lacke of braine and consumtion of the substanciall moysture as the like appeareth in aged persons and in those which by daylye and continuall sicknesses are wasted and brought very leane The foreheade long doth witnesse suche a person to be wittie apt to learne or to be taught yet somewhat vehement in causes many times For these of the Philosopher aptly applied to the fierce Dogge The foreheade square hauing an equall and moderate largenesse agréeable to the heade and face or according to the maner of the other parts doth argue such a person to be vertuous wittie of honest condicions and of likelyhoode to be hardie and couragious for which of the Philosopher Aristotle aptlye applyed vnto the Lyon. The foreheade playne and wholye without wrincles doth indicate suche a person to séeke and be desirous of great honour and the same aboue his reach and possibilitie to be compassed being one also of small discretion spitefull and very irefull or that continueth long angrie obstinate and full of strife A
from the iuyces of the herbes And thus aboue his stocke and kindred aduanced was at that time infortunated and throwne into prison This person was most vile in déedes and bolde in woordes in that the Saturâ—â—â—â—e dysposition bare sway in him And of this it came to passe that he was so great a dissembler and deceyuer of many for when he was come vnto his vttermost cyment he vanished as a smoke or vapour in that Mercurie of the Alchymisters was euill fixed and coniealed But the salt Armoniacke and salt Alkali were seperated from the iuyces of the herbes Such which be accustomed to weare gergious appâ—â—â—ll â–ª many 〈…〉 and Iewâ—ls â–ª like to women or that be much delighted to weare and vse swéete powders and pleasaunt Pomanders are reported to be spiced with the disposition and nature of Venus Whose heares of the ouerbroowes are descended downe warde from part of the nose and retched vpwarde from part of the temples is noted vnshamefast and dull of wyt For the vnshamefastnesse procéedeth through a furious hotnesse and ouermuch moouing the dulnesse through the same cause as Rasis Palemon Loxius Adamantius and sundrie others affirme and the Physiognomer with them The ouerbroowes thinne of heares and of a meane bignesse doe insinuate a temperament through the goodnesse of humours and through the seperating from verie much adustion And such by report of the Physiognomer are noted ingenious and searchers of déepe secrets That worthy man Rasis reporteth that the ouerbroowes long doe signifie arrogancie and vnshame fastnesse in that creature the cause did the Phisiognomer aboue vtter Conciliatore wryteth that â–ª when the heares of the ouerbroowes are stretched vnto the temples suche a person is knowne to be nastie or vncleanly and of some noted to be a mocker and dissembler which the Phisiognomer séemeth not to haue noted in his time Certayne affirme that the ouerbrowes long doe argue suche a person to be arrogant leacherous and vnshamefast which matters truely are increased for the more part in olde age As the Physiognomer â–ª Cocles noted in sundrie indiuiduates The learned Auicen wryteth primo de animalibus that when the heares of the ouerbrowes descend by incuruation or crooking from part of the nose doth signifie a sharpe that is a readie wyt and ingenious in wicked and detestable matters or businesses When the heares be stretched and crooke to the outside of the eye corners lachrimall such a person by report of the Physiognomer is noted to exercise iesting and to play the iester and to haue his felicitie therein except education otherwyse contrarie the same The heares of the ouerbroowes if they shall be stretched and lye so straite as a lyne in length and these long doe demonstrate an euill weake and feminine minde applyed by the lyke to women And these maner of eye browes sayth the Physiognomer doe I attribute to Venus and such he sawe for the more part to be Cynedes or else very lurutious The auncient Palemon wryteth that if the heares of the forehead or browes be stretched vnto the middle of the nose and that thicke appearing but vnto the partes which consist on eyther side little is an argument of magnanimitie and of most singuler vertue of minde in that creature The heares in the same place stretched strayte out doe denote such a person to be fearefull yet indued with deceytes if we may credite Palemon Auicen primo de animalibus reporteth that when the ouerbrowes are stretched according to a right lyne doth signifie a femynine minde he also wryteth that the heares of the ouerbrowes hanging downewarde to signifie an enuious person the ouerbrowes crooking doe â–ª denote a weake minde and féeble courage TheÌ„ ouerbrowes so much crooking that they appeare almost ioyned to the nose doe denote a subtill and an ingenious person Such ouerbrowes sayth the Physiognomer declare a studyous person and applyed for that reason to the Planet Mercurie When the ouerbroowes shall be thinne in the dyametre commensurated that these are large this person by report of the Phisiognomer is noted to be of a quick and readie vnderstanding Some wryte that if the ouerbrowes bended are ioyned togither at the cone of the nose doe argue a subtill and a studious person If these there knit by the agréement of all wryters doe wytnesse a sadde person yet not the wysest as the Phisiognomer noted the same Here the Physiognomer propowneth a solempne Probleme that may be demaunded why the heares of the ouerbrowes are more increased in olde age than in youth to which he thus séemeth to aunswere that seing the generatiue vapours of the heares of the ouerbrowes which are caried or sent forth by the ioyntes of the bones and in youth are compact and well ioyned through the tenacitie of moysture for that cause the vapours can not haue their free passage forth seing the penetration in them at that age is prohibited But the moysture of the selfe same ioyned in olde age is consumed and dried wherof the bones are caused more open and the vapours frée doe consequently ascende through which the heares of the ouerbroowes are then procured to growe long The heares of the ouerbroowes thicke and so long stretched out that they séeme in a maner to shadowe the sight doe denote in that person the excesse of heate The ouerbrowes thin of heares and the places much fleshie doe signifie a flowe and dull capacity and coldnesse ruling in the principall members as the learned Thaddaeus wryteth The heares of the ouerbrowes néere touching and in a maner ionned togither are noted to be the woorste condition of all others in that the broowes like formed doe argue a wicked person full of mischiefe vngracious workes and déedes and gyuen to wicked Artes. As the like the learned Ioan. Indagines affirmeth that he obserued in sundrie olde Witches brought to the stake to be burned that had the like ouerbroowes The learned Physition Thaddaeus reporteth that he obserued a ioly Capitayne a farre traueyler yea a Pyrate on the Sea and rauisher of Maydens in the Citie named Nymburge thrée yeres before he was cruelly slayne of the Lartarians who had the like ouerbrowes with the eyes glistering and fyrie spottes in them hauing also an yrefull and fierce countinaunce and wanne of colour in the face That the forme of this person maye neerer be vnderstanded and learned of the professors of the Arte conceane this figure here afore demonstrated liuely to the eye The heares of the ouerbroowes white as reporteth Ioan. Indagines doe argue an effeminate person lightly beléeuing and foolishe If the crooking of the heares declyneth vnto the temples and vnto the bossing out of the chéekes doth denote such a person to be negligent and foolishe The ouerbrowes if they retch out long and appeare thick of heares doe signifie a person meditating and bethinking mighty matters as the Phisiognomer reporteth The Physiognomer Cocles here placesh an other example of a certaine person that he noted in his time which by
This colour by the agréement of the Phisitions is as the colour of the lunges when the same is newlye drawne forth of a beast that is properly named wanne of colour The same of the lunges which after the drawing forth beginneth to putrifie and swell vp and a wanne or leadie colour appeareth in the same Here note that the Phisiognomer wylleth a man to beware and take héede of the like coloured persons in that these are verie euil wicked if so be these in habitude as Cocles reporteth be not laudable or comely Such a colour the Phisiognomer noted in sundrie Cardinals that were verie wicked in their déedes Yea these of like colour he noted to be drunkards luxurious and practisers of false and wicked matters without anye shame as the like of experience the Phisiognomer reporteth to haue knowne He further wryteth that the Melancholicke aduste are leacherous vnlearned and exercyse swynishe condicions when as their heades be spericall or Pineaple lyke and hauing fatte chéekes Yea when the adustion is ouermuch then such incurre and fall into a frensinesse The Phisiognomer noted yea he iudged before the learned sundrie of a like complexion that became foolishe and of these two were Students at that time who after the increase of this melancholy became foolishe according to the iudgement of the Phisiognomer The eies small doe argue such a person to bée peruerse foolish and faynt hearted applyed of the Philosopher to the Ape the reason is in that when the creature is hotte and drye he is then malycious of the humours and spyrites and is a betrayer through the hotenesse and drinesse proceeding of the Chollericke adustyon For which cause such are deceyuers and partake of the Melancholye humours of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse ensueth through a drynesse The déepenesse of the eies procéedeth through a drinesse which dryeth vp the moysture of the muscles and lygamentes Of which insueth a drawing togither into the inner partes and the braine to be exhausted And the paucitie of the matter of the eyes doth signifie in the moysture proportioned the dominion of drinesse and melancholye adust or a drinesse adustyue and for this are fearefull and deceyuers lyke to the Ape as the same experience demonstrateth Rasis reporteth in secundo ad Almansorem that many spottes in the eyes appearing doe indicate an euill person the rather when the eyes shall appeare variable of colour which signifieth the wickeder person For the varieties of the eies procéede not but of a hotnesse which cleuateth the vapours vnto the eyes of which how much the more the varietie of the eyes is so much the more doth the same argue an intensed hotnesse By that reason howe much the more dyuers the spottes are so much the more is the adustion and by the consequent declareth the varietie of humours and greater adustion and this doth manifest the adustion of the spirite of which the varieties of conditions procéede and the mightie heape of vices So that of the great varietie is the honest and lawdable iudgement debased or caused the woorser The looke of the eyes like to the woman causeth the same disposition as of such a complexion and is the same in conditions as the woman as luxurious and inuericundious for which cause such men of like nature be luxurious and inuericundious Of which Rasis reporteth that when the looke is like to a childes and that his whole face and eyes séeme or appeare as he smyled this is a light hearted person and giuen to mirth without taking care of the affayres of the world The eyes appearing wholy smyling as one laughing with therest of the face in like maner be flatterers luxurious yll reporters or slaunderers Some of this alledge a cause and report that the mirch and length of lyfe to procéede of a good complexion whose cause are the lawdable humours and purenesse of them through his agréement So that the cause of lyfe is hotnesse and moystnesse but of death coldnesse and drynesse The complexion of yong men is hote and moyst but of olde men colde and drye and the note of the same is that such which coeate much doe liue a short time and the gelded after nature longer than those not gelded and the aged men which haue much fleshe doe lyue longer in that the causes of much flesh is a hotnesse and moystnesse By which reason children that are hote and moyst be among other ages merrie and ioy through their complexion and be without cares of the minde So that such like to children in countinaunce are the like in complexion not be thincking earnest or waightie matters When the eyes appeare in rednesse to the burning coale such a person is noted to be wicked and obstinate the reason is in that the fyrie colour doth indicate a most intensed choller by reason of the hotnesse and he is vicious and obstinate as appeareth in the verses in the first place Whose eyes be in colour lyke to the Gotes eine is argued foolish the reason is that when a creature resembleth to anye beast such a person is of the like nature complexion and condicions as in many places afore like vttered So that such Gotes eine doe indicate foolyshnesse great simplicity The Phisiognomer many times looked on such a beast found the eyes somewhat variable with a certaine troubled matter about the ring sight of the eie which declared after his iudgement a complexion very fiegmaticke and watry of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse insueth The eyes which are like to the Cowes eyne doe portende a madnesse to succéede in that creature séeing the eies lyke to Cowes eyne in men do argue a like complexion For the complexion of such a beast is colde and moyst of which the eyes are great so that through a coldnesse and moystnesse is the slownesse and dulnesse of vnderstanding caused of which a madnesse and simplicitie ensueth The eyes gray of colour to the skie drie séeming and dimmie such a person willeth the Philosopher that a man to eschue so nigh as he may for that this gray colour in drie eyes is a note of wicked persons The colour of the eyes which representeth the colour of Dile doth witnesse a strōg person The yelowishe colour of the eyes doth indicate a strong and stoute person The eyes appearing much blacke of colour is denoted to bée of a harde nature and fraudulent The déepenesse of the eies is through a drinesse drying the muscles and ligaments of which ensueth a gathering into the inner partes as afore vttered and the brain exhausted The eminencie of the eies representeth many obiects of which a péeuish discourse ensueth through a confusion of the obiects If the eyes shall be small prominent out like to the Creauis eyne doe denote the lewdnesse of conditions and foolishnesse The reason is in that the smalenesse of the eyes doth wytnesse the paucitie or littlenesse of matter but the emynencie of them doth indicate the ouermuch moysture in
furious and a drunkarde Such a person decerned breathing troubled and thicke as though he had lately runne is denoted to be wilfull foolehardie yrefull and of a wicked minde desiring all thinges what he séeth and talking all things that he heareth He which breatheth on highe and that the breath séemeth to passe through the Nosethrilles thicke and quicke doth argue such a creature after the minde of Scotus to be fearefull and sorowfull Such also are noted to be effeminate when as the other notes fortifie the same The breath so comming forth as if the subiect were encombred with the hardnesse of fetching breath such a creature is reported of Michaell Scotus to be simple of a peruerse minde full of woordes and desirous of all things that he séeth The forme and iudgement of the chinne The. xxxii Chapter THe chinne decerned very long doth argue the abundance of matter in that by reason of the ouermuch hotenesse the same is lengthned out of which such are knowne to be yrefull cruell and hastie yet these sometymes are founde to be full of words and sometimes boasters of themselues as both Palemon and Constantine write Such which haue the chinne formed small and short are persons especially to be eschewed for besides the other conditions consisting in them such are vncurteous yea rather rigorous full of wyles and enuious for these of Palemon aptly applyed vnto the Serpent Here conceyue that Phisiognomie and Paulmestrie are more manifested of experience than by reason yet somewhat may be vttered of the principaller members which expresse the greatnesse and smalnesse of matter from the beginning of generation If the chinne shapeth or be formed into a round maner doth indicate effeminate conditions and a féeble courage in that this is a feminine note as vttereth the auncient Pythagoras For the mans chinne after nature ought to be formed in a square maner and not round If the vnder chinne be séene so fatte that the same retcheth downe to the throte doth indicate most great luxurie to consist in that creature if a pitte or hole be especiallye decerned in eyther chéeke The chinne formed of a decent or comely bignesse doth denote such a person to be prone vnto the veneriall act yet iudge him to be much bound vnto God for the giftes lent him Here conceyue sayth the Phisiognomer that the chinne ought to be formed neyther to rounde nor ouer sharpe but in a meane maner vnto a squarenesse The chinne decerned ouer long doth innuate a most wicked creature very talkatiue and a whisperer yea his mynde altogither occupyed wyth deceytes as the lyke the skilfull Phisiognomer obserued and noted in a certaine French man which was very malicious a great deceyuer and excéeding couetous as all of that nation bewray themselues to be especially prone vnto fraudes and great deceytes The chinne at the lower ende séene so deuided that the same expresseth a double forme in suche maner as this be not to muche or to déepe dented in the middle doth then argue as certaine report deceytfull conditions to consist in that creature But this knowne to be a note of Venus in that place after the minde of the Phisiognomer Cocles and such a person lyke formed shall purchase with men great fauour and grace As the lyke Cocles experienced in many subiectes which were knowne to be lasciuious that haunted the companie of harlots yea these wyth the Cynedes had sundrie tymes doing and suffering There be some which haue a pitte formed on bredth and by an equall lyne stretching as on length that more coroborateth the Phisiognomers sentence The chinne formed so crooking vp that the lippes séeme as they were standing in a valley doth denote the rudenesse of witte vnfaythfulnesse wicked conditions and sometymes such are knowne to be théeues vnlesse olde age causeth the same through the losse lacke of many téeth The singuler Aristotle in tertio de Animalibus vttereth that such which haue the chinne deuided do lesse waxe balde and shed lesser or fewer heares than other creatures The chinne formed sharpe and thinne or slender through an emptinesse or lacking of fleshe doth indicate a bolde and stowte or couragious person and disdainfull The chinne decerned large bigge through the much quantitie of fleshe doth witnesse after the minde of M. Scotus such a creature to be quiet of a meane capacitie dull of witte yet faithfull secret and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill The chinne formed sharpe and sufficiently full of flesh doth denote as Michael Scotus reporteth such a person to be of a good vnderstanding loftie minded and one that féedeth sufficientlye and bolde in actions The chinne formed as the same were parted in two by a certaine valley or denting in doth argue as Michael Scotus vttereth that person to be of a grosse witte vaine lightly crediting a great surmiser yet congruently seruiceable to another quiet and secrete for the more part in his doyngs The chinne decerned sharpe and thinne in the quantitie of flesh doth after Michael Scotus denote such a creature to be bolde and couragious a quareller sometymes and fighter yrefull disdainefull weake in strength and contented after a maner to serue for the reliefe of liuing The chinne séene crooking vp with a hollownesse in the knitting of the Iawes and leane of fleshe that the same appeareth as it were formed sharpe doth witnesse after the minde of Scotus such a person to be wicked enuious of a simple witte a niggarde deceytfull soone angrie yrefull a surmiser bolde prowde a threatner a betrayer and a théefe these hitherto Michal Scotus The condicion and iudgement of the Beard The. xxxiij Chapter THe bearde in man after the agréement of the auncient wryters beginneth to appeare in the neather Iawe which so ascendeth towarde the Temples through the heate and moysture caried vnto the same from the forepart of the heade drawne from the genitours which draw to them especially the sperme from those places whose note is by reason the spermaticall veynes do discend vnto the same place as the lyke appeareth in them which ouermuch exercise coeating whose faces by the meanes are after mightily crazed and altered As touching the womans testicles in that these are but weake for the same cause are they knowne not to be bearded And suche women which are found to haue these hoter than the common sort haue also somewhat of the reflexed matter from the same place whence the Sperme most chiefely commeth This reflexed heate sayth the wise Conciliatore draweth with it the moysture of which in them are engendred the thinne and small heares of the Bearde and thys especiallye verified in them which vse often and verye much coeating For which cause the Sanguine bodyes that haue a thinne Beard and meane of length are indicated to be creatures which often and greatly desire to coeate through the dominion of the heate and moysture consisting in them Here conceyue sayth the Phisiognomer that such heares doe procéede and appeare through the superfluousnesse
wytte of an honest conuersation and trustie For a meanesse of the belly sayth the Phisiognomer is procured of a hotnesse proportioned in that creature of which lawdable spirites insue Where the Phylosopher vttereth wyth a strayghtnesse of the breast this is here ment to be formed with a proportion of the same breast for if this should be compowned with an ouermuch largenesse it woulde indicate a hotenesse of the heart in that creature to hinder vnderstanding Of the same minde and iudgement by the report of the Phisiognomer is the learned Loxius where he wytnesseth that such a forme of the belly is knowne to be soft Conciliatore reporteth that the bignesse of the belly doth denote an ouermuch desire vnto the veneriall acte Whose stomacke and belly are decerned fleshier are reported to be strong He also affirmeth that the belly soft in youth doth witnesse that the same in many to become flatte drawne togither in olde age econtra of which this lyke doth indicate a heauinesse in olde age The learned Aristotle vttered vnto the mighty king Alexander that the person hauing a great belly to be vndiscréete foolish prowde desiring to coeate A meanesse of the belly decerned as aboue taught with a decent narrownesse of the breast wytnesseth a déepenesse of vnderstanding and readie counsaile in that creature These hitherto Conciliatore The bignesse of the bellye procéedeth of the great heate reuerberating in the emptinesse of the same especially vnto the region of the genitors In that as it is sayde the vertue Morall or intellectiue is not scituated in a body ouer hot and of this such are procured to be vndiscréete and foolishe Such also are noted to be great drinkers gluttonous féeders and delighted in sluggishnesse and gyuing their minds much to luxurie As hath bene noted in sundrie persons which ledde an easie lyfe A hearinesse decerned on the belly doth argue such a person to be full of wordes applyed for the forme vnto the kinde of birdes in that it is knowne that the propertie of such which are thus hearie on the bellye to be talkatiue and full of wordes and this note onely conceyued and taken of the chattering of birdes which through their light spirites are thus mooued to chatter and the lesser birdes are knowne much lowder to sing and to haue many more notes as the Nightingale and such lyke which are so procured and caused through the subtilnesse of their bloud and lightnesse of the spirites in that these are of an ayreall nature through which they are so lightly mooued vnto myrth and diuers desires which in theyr many songs and chaunging of notes endeuour to expresse And the Cockes of those kinde more exercise song than the Hennes doe forasmuch as they are formed hoter and by the consequent haue subtiller bloud and lighter spirites than the Hennes And that hearinesse or manye more feathers appearing on theyr bellyes procéedeth through the abundance of the heate vaporatiue in that the same more aboundeth in this place through the digestion there bearing greater sway whose note is that the fleshe of theyr bellyes is found farre swéeter and more sauerie in taste than any part of their bodyes besides so that of the lyke causes sundrie men are knowne to be very hearie on the belly Of which to conclude in that these possesse a subtill bloud and light spirites through the light motion of bloud and the spirites For that cause are diuers fantasies in those subiectes lightly procured and conceyued in minde which of them vttered in theyr speach and talke So that of these a certaine reason of the cause appeareth why the chattering and many wordes in them doe indicate a hearinesse to consist about their Bellies The Phisiognomer knew sundrie persons of the like condition which were very leacherous and that much desired to frequent the same And the lyke condicioned creatures sayth Cocles are these knowne to be which possesse or haue but a short space betwéene the heart and braine especially if such are found Collericke Thus by diligent considering the notes in this Arte taught maye a man attaine vnto manye other hidde secrets of this Arte not here vttered Here note that Ptholomie the Philosopher and Pontius Gallicus wryte that he which hath one line on the nauill doth signifie knowledge and skill in Artes. He which hath two lynes vnder the nauill is iudged to be a person which shall haue many wiues If thrée lines be séene vnder the nauil than doth it denote that such a person shall haue many children If foure lines there appeare then doe they promise long lyfe vnto that perso And if fiue lynes be there séene then doe they denote great aduauncement or great honour vnto that person But if any vnder the nauill shall haue two vnequall lynes is then iudged to be a person so wicked that there is little trust to be had in him c. The iudgement of that 235r 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2cil 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 named n2tc2 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The. xlviij Chapter HEre the Philosopher doth instruct to Phisiognomate by the dispositions of the Pecten for the Pecten is the neather Pubes of the man or woman in which the heares grow on the mentula of this the Philosopher vttereth thrée notes He which hath the n2tc2 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2p1rsh that is to say 2p1rsh beneath and large aboue after the maner of a shielde and well boned without ouermuch fleshinesse are noted strong such are applied to the Male kind after the mind of the Philosopher Such hauing the n2tc2p of a contrarie condition to that afore as much fleshie fatte and well boned are weake persons and applyed after Aristotle to the female kinde Suche hauing the n2tc2p ouer leane as if the same were so dryed vppe by the heate of the Sunne are euill conditioned and applyed vnto the Ape of lyke disposition as well in minde as in the bodie the same reported of Auicen libro secundo de Animalibus and the lyke vttered of Aristotle and Albertus The learned Conciliatore affirmeth that such which haue a bonie n2tc2p and protensed into a sharpenesse are denoted strong persons The skilfull sr2r2hc2l affirme that if the breast bone in the mm455 shall be thinne of fleshe and protensed into a sharpenesse is then iudged to be l5ftr5h to 2t124c ht355 and that r3h 2353r 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2cil 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 also to be 2â—rgl Further conceyue that the hammes hearie with a thicknesse of heares there growing doe witnesse luxurie in that person And when the same is there with a thinnesse of heares doth then through the littlenesse or smalnesse of them argue the contrary and signifieth also the dominion of coldenesse as the same well appeareth in the place where further and more at large is written of the nature and conditions of the heares c. And these of the pecten that I maye not séeme to stande long in the rehersall of matter shall here suffice
if the Iawes shall be formed short wyth such an eminencie or bearing out from the upper part of the mouth doe indicate such a creature to be malicious an euill reporter violent in actions and enuious this especially is verified when as there shall lacke the substance of flesh or the same appeare but thinne these hitherto the wordes of the skilfull Cocles The Philosopher Aristotle vnto the mightie King Alexander vttered that the chéekes formed full â–ª with the temples appearing blowne doe denote such a person to be conâ—oâ—â—ioâ—s hasty in wordes and very irefull the selfe â—aâ—e reporteth Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie The chéekes so small situated that from the eies these séeme parted off doe arguethe fulnesse of humours and that the same creature after the minde of the Phisiognomers to be grieued with the burthen of them The roundenesse of the chéekes formed after nature indicateth enuie and deceytfull condycions to consist in that person after the minde of Phylemon The full or rather fat chéekes are significations for the more part of a sluggarde and drunckarde if we may credite the auncient Phisiognomers The chéekes discerned soft and yll fashioned doe argue such a person after the common prouerbe to be long tongued importunate and talkatiue and this the Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth of experience The worthy Philosopher Aristotle in Methaphoricis vttereth that the chéekes appearing red aboue doe witnesse such a creature to be a drunkarde or great drinker of wine and referred vnto the similitude of the passion in that such which latelye haue bene angred and vered appeare of a blushing rednesse especially about the eyes kindled and caused in the beginning of the yre The cause is sufficiently vttered afore of the Phisiognomer in the chapter of the nature of the face Of the condition nature and iudgement of the mouth The xxiiij chapter THe singuler Isidore in xj Ethimologiarum capit primo writeth that the mouth is so named in Latine Os for that by it as by a doore all men naturally and vsually put in meate and cast forth the spittle prepared or for that all meates and sustenaunce passe by the same into the stomacke and all wordes issue forth of the same to the vnderstanding of mindes To come vnto the matter in the former chapter it hath béene sufficiently vttered that the bignesse of members procéedeth through heate especially the mouth which representeth the naturall and spirituall members as of these especiallye the stomacke For howe much the proportion of the stomacke is vnto the mouth so much is the proportion of the mouth aunswering vnto the stomack for that the inner members are knowne of the Phisiognomers to be hote Of which reason how much the intentiuer the heate is so much the greater will the resolution of partes be For where a great resolution consisteth there of necessitie must insue that a restauration aptlye be procured which otherwise can not be caused but through the benefite and helpe of meates that ought to be in a sufficient quantitie of which the spirites are actiuely ingendred and these in great quantitie which properly cause in that creature yre boldenesse yea quarrelling and fighting Of which it succéedeth that the worthie Philemon Palemon Albertus and Conciliatore report that the creature which hath à great and wyde mouth is a gluttonous féeder yet hardie and prone to fight The selfe same wordes vttereth Rasis that the person which hath a great mouth is knowne to be a gluttonous féeder and bolde The mouth formed small is noted to be of a feminine nature But the mouth deterned great and wyde doth witnesse yre boldenesse quarrelling and fighting such also are knowne of experience to be gluttonous féeders The mouth hauing a small clesing and opening doth denote such a creature to be peasable yet many tymes founde vnfaythfull and faynt hearted the reason of this contrarie is the same which was aboue vttered of the Phisiognomer The mouth in the proper sight or being hauing a seemely quantity in the greatnesse with the lips thinne and appearing small in the closing and to these the eyes shewing smilingly with the rest of the face agréeablie aunswering doth indicate a libidinous person a Cynede or an effeminate creature and a lyar as the worthie Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie vttereth A small mouth in forme appearing prominent outward doth denote wicked conditions in that person to be false in promise and a betrayer The mouth discerned small hauing thinne lippes doth witnesse a féeble minde and courage but this person deceytfully and malicious Where or in whome the mouth shall appeare very farre bearing out and rounde with a thicknesse of the lippes and that the vpper lippe foldeth outwarde is for the forme applyed of the Philosopher vnto the Hogge and signifieth by the agreement of Authors that such a creature to be nastie péeuish cruell and a foole as the Phisiognomer of experience hath many tymes noted The best condicioned mouth after the agreement of the Phisiognomers is when the same appeareth not ouer moyst in that the moysture of the mouth and lippes doth argue fearefulnesse and malignitie in that creature as the worthie Albertus reporteth and the same the Phisiognomer Cocles affirmeth of experience The mouth that sauoureth swéete especiallye in the breathing doth indicate an honest person wittie both in the giuing and retayning warie secret coueting fayre thinges and faythfull yet easily ledde eyther vnto the good or euill through his light beléeuing if we maye credite Michael Scotus The mouth that sauoureth yll in the breathing doth denote such a creature to be diseased in the Lyuer besides of a grosse vnderstanding lightly credyting of a base wyt a coueter of other mens goodes lasciuious deceytfull a lyar a teller of vaine matters and newes if Michael Scotus may be beléeued Whose mouth in the speaking is drawne awrie is noted of experience to be diseased with a rewme discending from the heade yet is the same eyther stronger or weaker procured euen as in the doubling vnto the other proportions and this of obseruation doth the Phisiognomer Cocles witnesse The iudgement of the forme and condition of the lippes The. xxvij chapter AT the ende of the Iawes are the lippes formed which are compowned of a soft fleshe in that these by a double motion are aptly moued as in the one by a proper maner vpwarde and in the other by the motion downewarde and these caused by motion of the lawes from one to the other both in the closing and opening which is the cause why the lippes are named to haue a good and perfite motion The vtilitie of them by the agréement of all the Phisiognomers is and serueth for the furthering and helping of spéeche and that these may through the helpe of the lawes aptly and well close togither for the better beseeming of the countenaunce The colour of the lippes towarde the opening of the mouthe is redde thorowe manye veynes of bloude deryued vnto that place the note of which is
in that these often and much inquantitie bleede and are of a light cause broken and quickly or verie soone cut The common hurtes there hapning are especially cured after the minde of the Phisiognomer with the same named of the practioners Mel Rosatum for he reporteth that he hath often experienced the same in many subiects There maye notes also be gathered and conceyued by the colours of the lippes for that the naturall colour in the edges of the lippes after the minde of Constantine ought to be redde through the thinnesse of skinne which lightly of the heate or colour of the bloud receyueth a Rosie qualitie Of which as this worthy Constantine reporteth that the rednesse of the lippes indicateth the purenesse of complexion and the vnmyxing togither of troubled bloud and the note both of the good strong vertue in that creature The wannesse of the lippes argueth the contrarie to the same aboue in that the vertue of bloud and naturall heat are lacking in that creature so that such hauing the like lippes are noted to be sicke as the worthie Rasis reporteth When the lippes are formed bigge these doe represent the multitude of matter drawne vnto them through heate and the grosenesse or bignesse of them is caused through the grosse humours and spirites of which the dulnesse of wit ensueth and foolishnesse procured by reason of the hotnesse except the neather lippe be decerned loose hanging and waterie running But if the lippe be decerned vpright and thick in forme that is compact or stiffe in such a person doth the Phisiognomer of experience apply there the Planet Marse A like reason the Phisiognomer vttereth that when the mouth is formed great if the lippes appeare loose and hanging in that parte of the creature is the Moone of him and others aptly â—pplyed The neather lippe decerned loose hanging and folding downewarde and that the same appeareth verie redde in colour doth argue hapning in the woman to be a most sure note of the great desire vnto the veneriall acte and vnshame fastnesse in that creature as the same the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in a famous Curtysane of Rome named Isabella di â—una The like note séene in children signifieth that the creature in time to growe and become a Cynede or effeminate person especially if the countenaunce and eyes appeare smyling and the creature growne vnto a ripe age as the same the Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that he noted in a certaine noble man of the like condition Briefely to wryte all the other members according to the nature and propertie of them are eache attrybuted vnto his proper Planet as shall after appeare more at large in the thirde booke of the Physiognomers to come forth intituled the Phisiognomie of the Planets The worthie Loxius Phylemon Plato Aristotle Albertus Conciliatore report that the lips decerned chéerefull and somewhat smyling hapning with a merrie countenaunce doe argue such a creature to be wantonly disposed and lybidinous yea such sometimes are knowne to be craftie deceyuers and théeues of which one the like was that wicked Chyrurgian a countryman of the Phisiognomers named Seraphinus de pisis that he diligently noted The lippes of the mouth formed verie grosse loose hanging or ouermuch folding out doe indicate such a creature to be simple lightly or soone credyting of a dull capacitie these also denote a flewmatick humour moystening to consist in that person compared of Aristotle for the forme vnto the aged Asse hauing the like lippes If the lippe within be séene not lyuely or not a fayre red in colour doth argue a matter not regulated and grosse humours to consist in that creature of which a dull capacitie and bellume vnderstanding ensueth yea the same sometimes denoteth a sicknesse present or that shall shortly folowe The Philosopher Aristotle in Methaphoric is vttereth that such which haue the lippes formed thinne and in the edges appearing to hang loose out in such maner that the vpper lippe is séene stretched ouer the neather at the closing and ioyning of the lippes are denoted to be bolde stowte and of great courage applyed for the forme vnto the couragious Lyon. The like condition of these may a man sée in the Mastie Dogges of our Realme which haue such hanging lippes as to all men knowne Such which haue the lippes harde and thinne formed and a bearing out decerned about the Canyne or sharpe téeth doe indicate a rude vnderstanding in that creature vnapt to learne and furious in actions applyed for the forme vnto the grunting Hogge The cause of these as the Phisiognomer Cocles supposeth is the paucitie of matter and the dominion of dryth in that the same consumeth the moysture of the lips but thys about the Canyne téeth it can not so wast or consume for as much as the moysture consisting in such a place is knowne to be viscous and clammy Such also by reason of the dryeth sayth the Phisiognomer multiplyed in the braine are noted to be foolishe and deceytfull applyed after the maner vnto the Swyne So that whose lippes are decerned thinne and harde and about the Canyne téeth bearing vp such persons séene the like are referred vnto the Swyne The neather lippe decerned greater than the vpper doth denote such a creature to be vnapt to learne simple of a small vnderstanding and foolishe The heather lip séene swelled vnto the sharpe or Canyne téeth doth indicate such a person to be full of rancour and malice and contentious Such which haue the lippes formed grosse and the vpper hanging ouer the neather lippe are denoted by report of the Phylosopher Aristotle to be of a simple vnderstanding of a dull capacitie and foolishe applyed for the forme vnto the slowe and dull Asse Whose vpper lip shall appeare promynent or bearing out with the gummes doth wytnesse such a creature to be a louer of discord and occupying or busying himselfe in strifes and controuersies applyed for the forme vnto the Dogge these hitherto borowed out of the Phisiognomy of Aristotle Such hauing the vpper lip so eleuated that the gummes that is the fleshe on the téeth and the téeth themselues are decerned are knowne as the Phisiognomer reporteth of experience to be full of variaunce and contumelious yea often rebuking applied for the similitude vnto the Dogge especially and the same according to the apparaunt congruencie séene For the Dogge when he purposeth to bite sheweth then the téeth by the gathering vp of the lippes The lippes formed small and thinne and the mouth decerned little doe indicate the imbecillitie of minde and craftinesse to dwell or consist in that person The auncient Rasis reporteth that whose lips are decerned great is denoted foolish of a dull capacitie and vnapt to learne The selfe same doth the worthie Philosopher Aristotle vtter in hys Phisiognomie of the members that such a person which hath thicke lippes is knowne to be foolishe and of a simple capacitie The much bearing out of the lippes doth witnesse such a