Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	place_n	see_v	time_n	2,364	5	3.2293	3	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10715	Opinion diefied [sic]. Discouering the ingins, traps, and traynes, that are set in this age, whereby to catch opinon. Neither florished with art, nor smoothed with flatterie. By B.R. Gentleman, seruant to the Kings most excellent Maiestie.	Rich, Barnabe, 1540?-1617.	1613 (1613)	STC 20994; ESTC S115920	36,020	66

It is therefore the wakefull eye of Reason that must continually keepe Centinell ouer our passions that wee bee not luld asleepe in our owne selfe conceites our iudgements dazeled and made drunke with our foolish Opinions What it is that onely bridleth Opinion Chap. XXXI KNowledge is it that still fenceth the body from al foolish and erronious Opinions and it is celestiall wisedome that is able truly to discerne of opinion And as a man that is blind folded and should be appointed to remoue himselfe to a certaine place is liker to fayle then to performe his purpose so those vertues that bee potentially ingendred in our minds if they be not ayded with instruction doth often come to naught because the minde is not satisfied with nature alone but hath neede of a politicke vsage of Reason which may cleanse and scoure the soule by taking away the dim vayle of opinion from whence ariseth all the errors in men for in case good and euill were well knowne and perceiued euery man woulde chuse the good and leaue the ill and therefore may vertue be sayd to be a wisedome and an vnderstanding to chuse the good vice againe a lacke of foresight and an ignorance that leadeth to iudge falsely because men neuer chuse the ill with Opinion that it is ill but they are deceiued through a certain likenesse of some thing that is good the Art therefore that teacheth to discerne the truth from falshood may well bee attayned vnto and the vertue by which we chuse this good indeed may be called true knowledge which cannot bee ouercome by any affection that proceedeth from the bodie especially where the minde is well gouerned and ruled by Reason for such force Reason hath that she maketh the sences euer ready to obey so that although our sinewes our bones and our grosse compacted flesh haue no Reason in them at all yet when there springeth in vs the motion of minde that the imagination pricketh forward and shaketh the bridle to the spirites all the members are in a readynes the feete to runne the handes to vndertake and the whole bodie to doe and indeuour any thing that the minde thinketh vpon It is requisite therefore that knowledge should euermore march in the foremost rancke for although Appetite may sometimes haue a longing after thinges that be good yet being blinde of her selfe shee cannot make election of the good from the bad therefore hath Nature so ordained that to euery vertue of knowledge there is annexed a vertue of longing and the soule hath three manner of meanes where by she may learne to know as namely first by Sence againe by Reason and lastly by vnderstanding of Sence there ariseth Appetite or longing and this is no lesse common to bruite-beastes then to men of Reason ariseth Election or choyce which is proper to man onely of vnderstanding by the which man may be a partner with Angels ariseth Will and therefore whatsoeuer is not vndertaken with knowledge by the choice of Reason is accomplished by false opinion by the longing of the Sences and then is reason in her most especiall perfection when shee beholdeth some purposed ende whereunto she leuelleth and directeth her actions Knowledge as I would define it is vnderstanding tempered with reason neyther vaunting it selfe for any action of our owne nor of any others that wee loue or belong vnto vs and knowledge is it that doth refine vs from the dregges and filth of the common people it serueth as a Ladder to climb to Honour and dignity it calleth vs from earthly vanities to things celestiall and diuine knowledge giueth vs new eyes to spie into the demeanures of flattering Parasites that wee cannot bee easily deceiued in our Opinions and knowledge doth so vnmaske any mans eyes to see into himselfe that Opinion can neuer make him blind It is not Opinion that knowledge doth holde but iudgment that laboureth euery thing with discretion and wisedome what ryseth from the sences are affections what affection thinketh is opinion but knowledge determineth rightly of euery thing Make much of this wisedome take her in thine armes imbrace her set foolish opinion aside for they are but foolish wise men that are ouer reached with it Opinion Diefied Chap. XXXII BY this that hath beene sayde may bee perceiued the Potency of Opinion we see Christian kings Princes and Potentates they are in nothing more ouer swayed then they are by Opinion the Pope and all his Cleargie are but the vowed votaries of opinion the great Emperour of the east that ornifieth himselfe with so many high titles what is he but the very slaue of opinion Olde men yong men wise men learned men they are all led and ruled by opinion What were those great Philosophers but Fauorites to opinion Nay looke into Philosophy it selfe what is it but Opinion What traps what traynes what labour what paines but to catch opinion We spend our time wee spend our witte wee spend our wealth we spend poore soule all and but to win opinion What was it but to win the Opinion of the multitude that Pilate deliuered Christ to be crucified who by his own confessioÌ„ found no iust cause in him that was worthy of death Thus we see there hath beene no time no age no place nor person but opinion hath raigned ruled and swayed Opinion hath thus reuelled from the beginning of the world it wil so continue so long as there is a world Let it suffice that all worldly happines hath his being onely by opinion Finding then opinion to be thus regall thus mighty and magnificent as Christofer Marcellus in the Counsayle of Laterane sayde to the Pope Tu es alter Deus so say I to opinion Thou art an other God heere vppon Earth FINIS

foolish to please as she is at this houre and she is in nothing more curious then in censuring of books for he that will presume to publish a booke if hee doth not learne with the Tayler and the Atyremaker to put it into a new fashion it will neuer sell it will lie still in the Printers hands and those lines that are now put in print if they conteine any matter of pietie or that are any whit at all entending to honesty they doe but pester a Stationers stall and there are very few or none that will bestow one peny of them such is the curiosity of Opinion in this age but especially concerning bookes I might yet speake of some strange conceited books that hath beene published by sundry authours one amongst the rest In the Contempt of glory some others In the prayse of the pestilence In the prayse of the Quartane Ague In the praise of Baldnes In the praise of a Flie in the praise of Nothing and that great Clarke Erasmus of Roterdam writ a book In the prayse of Folly all these and diuerse others that might be yet named the meere motiues of Opinion But leauing to speake of Pamphlets I might speake of great volumes nay excepting the holy scriptures how many bookes are extant which Opinion hath not had some hand in It was a strange Opinion that led Alexander to bury his horse Bucephalus Augustus to bury his Parrot Heliogabilis his Sparrow what should we say to Hortensius a Roman Gentleman that mourned certaine monethes for the death of a fish By this little it may appeare the Potency of Opinion how it hath raigned and ruled in the world in all times in all ages in all places and hath had soueraignty with all sortes of persons The Antiquity of Opinion Chap. II. THe first conception of Opinion was in heauen at that time when Lucifer fell for it was a selfe ouer-weaning Opinion that puffed vp those glorious Angels into that height of pride that was the cause of their perdition It was after hatched vp in Paradise for when the Serpent insinuating himselfe to curry fauour with the woman that shee might the rather conceiue a good Opinion of him what sayth he hath God forbidden you that you should not eate of the tree of knowledge but why stand you in doubt of that prescript there is no such danger in the matter as he hath protested for God doth know that when you shall eate thereof your eyes shall bee opened and you shall bee as Gods knowing both good and euill This pleasing perswasion so allured the woman to like of his speeches that she beleeued all to bee true but it is Opinion that first begetteth beleefe according to the old prouerbe Men are beleeued as they are beloued for we neither trust nor beleeue him in whom wee haue no conceit whereby to draw on our affiance but where Opinion is a little setled euery moule-hill is turned to a mountaine we beleeue impossibilities we wonder at matters of no moment nay we many times extoll and commend ougly vice for seemely vertue this poore blind Opinion hath euer since so dominired in Adams posteritie that it no lesse ouer ruleth the Prince then the Pesant the mighty then the meane the rich then the poore the wise then the foolish What diuersitie in Opinions amongst the Philosophers Chap. III. VVHat varietie in Opinions amongst the Philosophers and how many sectaries were there amongst them as Stoickes Peripatetickes Ethnickes Academickes Epicures and as hystories doe make mention there were 50. seuerall sectes amongst them and what were these contrarieties they were but Opinions and those that still were striuing to vpholde Reason with so many reasons were yet vtterly ignorant from whence Reason came the wisest amongst them did but gesse of the Immortality of the Soule yet they were still disputing and arguing one against an other to vphold opinions that were sometimes farre from the truth They could speake many good words concerning manners and conuersation amongst men but of God they spake nothing but dreamingly neyther dreamed they of him but ouerthwartly and how many greeuous in counters haue there beene amongst them concerning the principles of naturall things whereof there are many that doe yet hang before the Iudge not fully decided Thales Mylesius one of the wise men of Greece beginning to looke into the generation of things concluded that the world had his first beginning by water And Archelaus not farre dissenting from his Opinion affirmeth that the creation of the earth was but by liquid water inflamed by the heat of fire and by resolution turned into dust Heraclitus he thinketh all things to haue their originall of fire concluding with Aristotle That the corruption of one thing is the generation of an other Democritus and Crisippus with diuerse others they referre the originall of the world to a little nothing making vp a something of this Chaos they conclude it to be the subiect of corruption Anaxagoras trusting in his owne opinion fabled that the Sunne was composed of bright Iron and that the heauens were of stone wonderfully knit together least they shoulde fall I might yet speak of many other contrarieties in Opinion that was holden amongst the Phylosophers about Fate about Fortune about Felicity what distinctions they made betweene Natura Naturans and Natura Naturata so that to conclude the Phylosophers that haue so much busied them selues to search out the beginning of thinges coulde neuer find out God the creator and maker of all things The wisedome of that Phylosopher is yet to be admired who suspected the vprightnesse of his owne carriage when he heard himselfe to be commended by a man that was noted to be of a lewd conuersation What contrarieties in Opinion amongst Christians Chap. IIII. AS this iarring and seditious disputing was of continuance amongst the Phylosophers so Opinion is made a mattter of conscience with Turkes Infidels Papistes and Sectaries and there were amongst the Heathen in times past who to win an opinion were faine to perswade the world falsely that they had conference and communication with the Gods In a great part of the world euen at this day Mahomet is worshipped who was the authour of a very foolish religion And the Iewes are yet looking after their Messias but amongst vs Christians it is strange to see what disagreement there is amongst our cleargy men about rites about ceremonies about worshipping about apparell about discipline about many other matters too long to bee spoken of but this is especially to be wondered at aboue the rest that they doe thinke by opposition and contention to ascend into heauen for the which in times past Lucifer was throwne downe into hell the diuisions that are amongst diuines by sinister opinions holden about religion are so diuerse doubtfull and contrary that they haue filled the Schooles and Vniuersities with contention scoulding who contend not for the confines of Christian religion but for the principall

did rather to winne a vayne prayse of the people then for the right of his cause wherein consisted the true end of vertue The like he iudged of Hector himselfe who many times behouldinge his wife and other women vpon the walles of Troy would more bouldly couragiously aduenture himselfe rather fearing some bruit those women might haue raised sounding to his dishonor then other wise he did respect the iustice of his cause or the generall good of the Citty so distressed by the Greekes See here a heatheÌ„ Philosopher that would not admit those aduentures to be so much as reputed wise which in a vulgare opinion would haue beene consecrated to immortall Fame Our sauiour Christ himselfe condemned the Pharisies that vsed to giue forth their Almes with the sound of Trumpetes and to make their prayers in the open streets thereby to be seene and praised by men and although to giue Almes and to pray be the workes commaunded by God yet to be done with such ostentation to the world they merite no reward Vertue is the high way then that leades vnto Fame and he that hunteth after Glory not being directed by vertue is too vaine glorious but let vs prayse vertue how we list and let vs write whole volumes in her commendations yet if the soueraigntie of vertue doth extend no further then to transitory things here vpon the earth there is not any thing so wretched and miserable as man Of the number of follies in this age whereby to winne Opinion Chap XXIX AS those that doe hunt after Fame do thinke to leaue themselues eternized by their owne indeuours so if I would now vnder take to speake of them that in this age doth hunt after the vanity of opinion I might speake of so many base qualities as their foolish deuises could not be comprehended by arte neither yet conteined within the acount of number How many silken slaues that can creepe crouch lie faune flatter and all to get a fauour that can watch write dissemble and conspire whereby to winne opinion Some will seeke to scrape out opinion with their courte complements by ducking by diuinge by kissing of their hands furnished perhaps with a French or an Italian phrase they will prostitute their seruice to a Dogge to winne opinion Some will seeke to wooe opinion with prayses and commendations extolling those for wit and wisdome that are so neere a kinne to the Foole that they caÌ„not marry without a licence from the Pope Some doe thinke to creepe into the very guttes of opinion be discoursing at a table where they haue a reason to showe for euery vnreasonable passion Some desirous to winne an opinion to be accounted mery companions will ornifie themselues with so many dunghill demeanures that a man would thinke Nature had brought them into the world for a spite and mockery Some doe seeke opinion by breaking of bitter iestes and these haue commonly a speciall gift in lying slandering Some will frame their gesture to agree with their words as the dauncer doth to the sounde of the instrument in their very behauiour it is easie to be seene how they doe labour to winne opinion Some to get the opinion of grauitie do many times incurre the suspition of folly Some to winne opinion will goe to Church with a Bible brought after them but looke into the manner of their life by the fruites you shall know the tree But I wonder of what Opinion they be that will neither omit a Sermon nor let slippe a new fashion Some to winne opinion doth euery day suit themselues in new fangled fashions like Proteus the god of shapes and whilst the poore soule is pend vp in a streight Cell our foolish cogitations are still wandering throughout the world to seeke out new fashions Some by wearing a long locke that hangs dangling by his eare do think by that louzie coÌ„moditie to be well esteemed by the opinion of Fooles for although there be some wisemen that will tollerate in the matter yet I neuer knew wisemen that would followe the fashion Some will so curle their haire picke their browes and will so metamorphife themselues aswell in their atire as in their demeanures that they rather make show to be demy-harlots then men Some haue sought to shake Opinion out of a Sinque pace but now their legges are so ouer pestered with Garters and Roses that they are fit for nothing vnles for a Moris dance These and such other like may perhaps beget an opinion and what opinion is it but a base opinion and it is commonly conceiued but by the basest sorte of people I had allmost forgotten to speake of women yet they are sometimes conceited in their opinions aswell as men but to speake truly of those women that be modest they do laugh at the foolish opinions of men Nature hath not ordained all women to be wise there must be some vaine if it be but to fit the follies of men and it is a receiued Opinion amongst those women of entertainment that she that learneth fastest to forget shame is houlden to be most excellent in fashion By this it may appeare that the edge of industry is so abated by the force of pleasure both in men and women that they rather studdy to winne opinion then to practise vertue I will not say how often we be deceiued in our opinions taking that for vertue that is indeed but vice but an especial meane whereby to drawe on a vertuous opinion doth rather consist in him that doth liue well then in him that can talke well rather in doing of thinges worthy to be spoken of then in speaking of thinges worthy to be done From whence it is that men are so easily drawne into Opinion Chap. XXX REason is a true sence and iudgement of thinges both humaine and diuine and as Seneca saith it is an excellent power and facultie of vnderstanding and iudgement which is the perfection of the soule euen as the soule is of man Now whosoeuer is obedient vnto Reason hee is Lord ouer his owne lusts he commandeth his owne appetites and rebellious Affections hee may with this thryd passe with Theseus through the Laberinth of his contagious sences to conclude he is resolute in all good purposes hee is not easily drawne into Opinion now opinion is it that still fighteth against Reason for Opinion hauing his ofspring from the body which is but earth doth yet represent vnto the soule the shapes and formes of things through the windowes of the sences whereby she associateth the soule with those things that doth depriue her of her dignitie and thus opinion being linked and coupled to our grosse Affections hath her seate onely in the sences becommeth vaine vncertaine deceitfull euill in counsayle base in iudgement it depryueth the minde of constancie and veritie allowing that to day which it misliketh of to morrow it hath no respect to sound iudgement but to please the body and to content the sences

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