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A14282 Ten introductions how to read, and in reading, how to vnderstand; and in vnderstanding, how to beare in mind all the bookes, chapters, and verses, contained in the holie Bible. With an answer for lawyers. Physitions. Ministers. Vaughan, Edward, preacher at St. Mary Woolnoth. 1594 (1594) STC 24599; ESTC S119031 61,414 222

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hinder and vndoe many Pastor The lawes of this realme made and ordained by policie and wisdome and maintained by authoritie are said to consist of perfect reason auntient custome yea and of the law of God very perfectly pointing to euerie man his owne as God hath limited out of the creation leauing nothing common or vndesposed but the fishes of the sea the fowls of the ayre and the beasts of the wildernesse And it hath his denomination Lex à Ligando because as a bond doth knit and hold many things together and as of many links is made one chaine Eph. 4 1.2.3 Exo. 28 1.2.3.4.5.6 and as by the sinewes our ioynts and parts of our naturall bodies are tied and bound together euen so by law the politicke body of a common weale is vnited knit together as one for the preseruation of peace in the profession of one true euerliuing ouer-ruling Lord. It requireth in it selfe the captiuating of our owne wils and obedience to the wil of the maker thereof vpon pains and penalties enforcing the same The lawes so considered make difference betwixt right and wrong betwixt good and euill men the lawes of this Land if they be duely and truely handled haue that end and purpose as the law of Almightie God which is to reduce men from sauagenesse to ciuilnesse from ignorance to knowledge and from vice to vertue Rom. 13 3.4 therefore S. Paule said Princes are nor fearefull by their lawes to them that doe good but to them that doe euill Wilt thou be without feare doe well then so shalt thou be praised then is he the minister of God for thy wealth but he is the minister of God to take vengeance on them that doe euill These our lawes are laudable and very neere for excellencie and sinceritie to the lawes of God as doth partly appeare by the definition thereof Lex est sanctio sancta iubens honesta prohibens contraria The law is a holy ordinance commaunding good things and forbidding the contrarie Why then is it dispraised nay rather why is it not most highly commended liked and allowed Parishioner All this that you haue said of the law it selfe I partly graunt but what maketh this for the calling of Lawyers and their practise as Councellors Doctors Attorneis Proctors Sollicitors Petty-foggers and such like there were no such men allowed in the iudiciall lawes of God euerie man was heard of the iudge to say what he could for hmselfe and why should not our lawes haue that proceeding Is there any matter so hard and intricate that the partie grieued cannot vtter it himselfe and where a cause being neuer so hard and tedious might be ended within ten daies after the defendants aunswere it is now drawne to three or foure yeares handling by the deceit and for the lucre of Lawyers vpon whom all the world crieth out with open mouth Pastor It should seeme you speake of conscience as wishing all things well or of extreame malice being some way grieued by them the best of both pleads you guiltie in accusing all for some It was not so hard a matter for Moses to iudge all Israell at the first by himselfe as it was afterwards to iudge them by himselfe and others when Iethro councelled him for his ease to choose many more helpers And more tedious it is to determine all the causes moued by the subiects here in England than it was for Moses when he had most to doe in Israel for complaints Exod. 18 13. to 23. iniuries and wrongs are encreased so that many hundreth iudges could not deliberatly heare and consideratly determine all the causes arising here although the plaintife and defendant were suffered to speake but tenne words a piece where indeed if they should haue their allowance 2000 would not serue Againe ignorant and vnlearned men are not able to set forth or report to the iudge the points and truth of their owne causes Besides if they were yet is not any iudge so exquisite perfect in the laws or any mans wit so pregnant or memorie so ready as vpon such sodaine to minister iustice to euerie man as his cause requireth therefore learned lawyers as Councellors Doctors Attorneis and Proctors are necessarie and fit men to open argue and debate causes whereby the iudge may see more clearely who hath wrong and who hath right and be called to minde by their motions what sentence or iudgement is fit to be giuen betwixt them And further if the parties should plead their owne cause such might be the skill and subtiltie of the wrong-doer and the simplicitie of him that desireth redresse or recompence the iudge being ignorant De veritate facti for want of information might approue the wicked and condemne the innocent wherefore I say againe and againe that Councellors Doctors Attorneis Proctors yea and Sollicitors and the officers vsed in and about the execution of law and iustice are fit men necessarie and profitable in a Christian common weale But for a Petti-fogger it is a word of disdaine I know no such calling allowed in the law And whereas you speake of delaies and shiftes vsed by lawyers whereby they hinder and vndoe many you must vnderstand that seeing the causes and sutes in this land are many as is aforsaid and seeing there is a prioritie of one sute before another in regard of the commencement thereof and therefore also must needs be a prioritie in the proceeding therein and likewise also in the hearing and determining of the same euerie one being heard in his course some competent and reasonable time must therefore be allowed vnto euerie cause for the continuance thereof But if there be any that professe the law that are either so vnskilfull and vnlearned that they cannot councell their clients for their best expedition or so couetously bent and so addicted to gaine and lucre that they will for their owne benefite protract and delay any mans cause as amongst many of what degree or calling soeuer there are some bad seeing there are others God be thanked a great many that are conscionable and honest and againe learned and wise if any fall into the hands of the former vnlearned or vngodly lawyer it is to be accounted his owne folly for that he when it was his owne election to retaine whom he list would make choice of such a one when he might as easily and with as small cost haue had him that had bin learned and godly But in deed commonly the fault is in the clients themselues who are so cruelly and spitefully bent that what lawyer soeuer they haue they will themselues seeke infinite waies and deuises to delaie their sutes and to detaine their aduersaries a long time in trouble and expence of law insomuch as I haue credibly heard of some who knowing their cause to be vniust and yet also knowing themselues of wealth and abilitie to exceed those against whom they haue delt and therefore meaning by reason of
by S Luke at Rome and dedicated to one Theophilus This booke is an abridgment or a chronicle of all famous worthy acts of Christ of his disciples and Apostles herein is annexed the sermons of the Apostles touching faith maners the open persecution of the truth the victorie thereof in the end The Argument of the Romanes THe Romanes were Iews and Gentiles embracing Christ in Rome among whom were many false teachers which moued S. Paule to write this Epistle by his secretarie Tertius exhorting them to take heed therof and to encrease in the knowledge of Christ The dignitie of works of faith of grace and iustification of the law and the vse thereof from Corinth Acts 20. Rom. 16. some few daies before he went to Ierusalem The Argument of the first to the Corinthians THe Corinthians had their originall of Corinthus who built that citie in it was the temple dedicated to the Goddesse Venus There was that great notorius whore Lais spoken of ouer all the world and there was many other abhominatiōs yet in this city God had his church S. Paule staied there almost three yeares but when he departed into Siria manie false teachers entred in who taught that whoredome riot drunkennesse c. was lawfull they denied marriage and the resurrection vpon which occasion S. Paule wrote this Epistle to withdraw them from all those euils Act. 19. 1 Cor. 16. and with exhortations to remaine in the doctrine which he had taught From Ephesus 4 The Argument of the second to the Corinthians HEre he excuseth his long absence by diuerse troubles which hindered him he willeth to excōmunicate him that was taken in adulterie he cleareth himselfe of all blame towards them Acts 20. he sheweth a difference betwixt one spirite and another the agreement of the old testament with the new From Philippi 6 The Argument of the Gallathians THe Gallathians were a people of Asia after S. Paules departure thence many false teachers entred in and taught That the ceremonies of the law were to be kept and they taught euill things against the Apostles thereby to deface their doctrine which moued him to write vnto them discharging himselfe for the credit of his calling and confirming of his doctrine with the ouerthrow of the contrarie From Rome 13 The Argument of the Ephesians THis citie of Ephesus was famous by the sea side of Ionius where was a temple dedicated to the false Goddesse Diana S. Paule at his first comming staied little there but at the second time he continued three yeares perceauing that God had many soules there to be saued euen among witches sorcerers c. whereby the mercie of God appeared more aboundantly at his departure he left among them elders and Timothie as their Bishop This Argument agreeth neerly with the Romanes and Gallathians Sent from Rome 11. The Argument of the Philippians PHilip Macedon was the originall of the citie they had domesticall troubles and many lost for the trueths sake and therefore he exhorteth them to patience and watchfulnesse Sent from Rome 8. The Argument of the Colossians THe Colossians were a people of that great citie Collossa S. Paule was neuer with them they were taught by Epaphras Onesimus Tychichus S. Paule heard that they were troubled with the Iewes about ceremonies and with the gentils about subtill questions and wordes of philosophie wherefore he wrote vnto them to confirme them in that they had learned concerning Christ and to confute the contrarie Sent from Roome 9 The Argument of the first to the Thessalonians THessalonica was a famous citie of Macedonia whence the people had their names he was among them but three Sabaoths by reason of the Iews He sent Timothie vnto them by whom he vnderstood of their conscience and that they should consider well of the resurrection Acts 17 He sent it from Athens The Argument of the second to the Thessalonians HE excuseth his long absence shewing them the manner of the resurrection and the comming of Christ he dehorteth from curious questions Sent from Athens 2 The Argument of the first to Timothie HIs father was a Graecian his mother a Iew which was the cause he was not circūcised in his infancie according to the law His mother Eunice and his grandmother Loida were godly wherein they brought him vp S. Paule his maister sent him on the Lords busines to diuerse places in the end he was left at Ephesus as their bishop to whom he wrote this Epistle about the choise of Pastours in the church At Laodicea 3 The Argument of the second to Timothie HE mourned greatly after S. Paule therefore Paule did write to cōfort him and withall to shew him how he was held in prison which was the cause that he came not to Ephesus according to his promise Sent from Rome 12 The Argument of Titus HE was a Graecian borne Paule was his maister who left him at Creete to constitute ministers in euerie parish and to refourme their manners Titus was a yong man therefore his maister wrote this Epistle that he should do nothing rashlie What kinde of Pastours should be allowed and what not From Nicapolis in Macedonia Acts 20. 5 The Argument of Philemon HE was Collocentia a rich man and a godly liberall man he had a seruant named Onesimus who departed from him by stealth when he heard S. Paule preach he beleeued in Iesus Christ and confessed his fault wherevpon S. Paule wrote this Epistle to his maister exhorting him to forgiue his seruant Sent from Rome 10 The Argument of the Hebrues THe truth is by the opinion of the most and best learned that S. Paule wrote this Epistle the Grecians did so allow of it and the same was confirmed in the councell of Nicen. Nicephorus saith that it was written in Hebrue by S. Paule and translated into Greeke by S. Luke who altered S. Pauls stile and method of writing Iraeneus who was Policarpus scholler said the same the trueth being receiued from S. Iohn who was Policarpus maister such was the obstinacie of the Iewes resisting the doctrine of Christ which gaue occasion to S. Paule to write exhorting them from the hardnes of their hearts Herein he magnifieth Christ aboue the prophets Moses and Aaron Leui and all other offices and officers who fulfilled the prophesies accomplshed the law and offred a farre more perfect sacrifice than they all Sent by Timothie from Italie The Argument of Iames. IN the tenth of Mathew mention is made of two Iames one the sonne of Zebedeus the other the sonne of Alpheus which Iames was the Author of this Epistle he is called Lebbeus and Thaddeus and he is called the brother of Iude Gal. 1 19. and the brother of our Lord. Here he instructeth al men to liue wel and to beleeue well he sets out the conuersation of those that are regenerated the excellencie of faith of works of patience c. The Argument of the first of Peter THis Peter
ouer vs. To raigne to rule and to haue dominion is a common speech or phrase that is vsed for them that haue gotten the vpper hand the masterie and the authoritie to commaund others Difficultie or Contradiction Is when one place crosseth another by a contrarie letter or sence thus The male in whome the fore-skin is not circumcised shall be cut off from the people Gen. 17. If you be circumcised Christ shall not profite you to saluation Gal. 5. This is a contrarie to the former in letter one place crosseth or gainsayeth another Exod. 20 Honor thy father and thy mother Luke 14 If a man will come vnto me he must forsake father and mother This is a contrarie in sence God is not contrarie to himselfe which seems here by the letter nor so abhorring the lawes of nature as to commaund a man to forsake his father and mother that nourished him vp c. But by way of companion forsake father and mother yea life and all rather than God Parable Is a wise a hidden a secreat and a darke saying vnder earthly things to set forth heauenly Pro. 1 6. Parrable hath many things in it to be considered of necessitie Christ speaks to the wicked by parables because in hearing they should not heare and in reading they should not vnderstand Mar. 4 31. he makes al plaine to his disciples Christ spake in a parrable of a Sower Mat. 13 3. another 24.25 another 31. another 33. Mar. 23. to 28. A certaine man had a figge tree planted in his vineyard Luke 13 6. Miracles Is a wonder a strange action things applyed and turned cleane contrarie to their course and nature as water turned to wine Things onely perfourmed by the power of God Miracles perfourmed by Moses and Aaron at Gods commaundement Iohn 2 1. Exo. 4 1.2 The Lord did these great miracles Ios 24.17.18 in the sight of the people Christ healeth incurable diseases Ioh. 5. Mat. 8.9 11. he fedde many with little Allegorie Is one thing pretending in wordes Ioh. 6.1 another in sence either in the old or in the new Testament Allegorie in wordes Now is the axe laid to the roote of the tree euerie tree that bringeth not foorth good fruite c. Mat. 3 10. Allegorie in sence The sence and meaning is that they should vse the time and take the opportunitie of repentance and faith in Christ least suddenly they should be destroyed Words The haruest is great and the labourers are but few Sence and meaning There are few good magistrates in the church Sacrifice is an oblation and offering or a giuing of praise powring of praiers vnto God Exo. 8 25. It is a mention a relation or prognostication of great and holy things to come Sacrifices are of diuers sorts and of the best and finest creatures representing holinesse Leuit. 1 2 3 4 5.6 7 Psal 4 51. 2. Pet. 2 1.2 Sacrament Is a mention and plaine demonstration of holy things alreadie come and in hand It is a manifest assurance of Sanctification and redemption in Christ so farre as by any earthly creature may be represented or related which may not be vpon policie or kingly ordinance but vpon the ordinance and commaundement of the hiest and that without adding or diminishing Wherof there were but two in the time of the law of Moses and other two abolishing them now in the time of the Gospell which are these And as they did eat Iesus tooke bread and when he had giuen thanks Mat. 26.26 he brake it and said Take eat this is my bodie Also he tooke the cup 27. Mar 14 22. Luk. 22 19. 1. Cor. 11.24 and when he had giuen thankes he gaue it them saying Drinke yee all of this for this is the blood of the new Testament c. And Iesus when he was baptized came straight way out of the water and the heauens were opened and Iohn saw the spirit of God descending like a Doue and lighting vpon him Mat. 3 16. Goe ye into the world and preach the Gospell baptizing them in the name of the Father Mat. 28 19. the Sonne and the holy Ghost The ninth Introduction THat you may the better make good and perfect vse of the former inuention and places of speciall account consider well and learne by heart these that follow in manner and forme as I haue set them downe before you If a Commaundement 1 Who commaunds Whether God or man 2 Who is commanded All or some publike or priuat 3 What is cōmaunded Things pertaniing to God or man 4 To what end To Gods glorie or to mans commoditie If a Promise 1 Who promiseth Whether God or men of power 2 What is promised Temporall things or spirituall 3 To whom it is made To such as are in authoritie or to all generall If Allegorie Then see 1 What is pretended in words 2 What is intended in Sence If Prophesie Then consider 1 What Prophet 2 What prophesie 3 Vnder what king If Similitude 1 The nature and qualitie of that earthly thing which beares the similitude particularly 2 To what it is likened to God or to good men to the Deuill or to wicked men 3 To what part of the similitude the thing likened doth agree If Example 1 Whether the matter be good or euill 2 For what cause it was so done 3 For whose sake and Example it was If Phrase 1 Whence the phrase is deriued 2 The meaning of the holy Ghost 3 Whether in the law or in the gospell 4 Whether for good or for euill If difficultie or contradiction 1 Whether contrarie in letter or in sence 2 The words before and after 3 The manner of doing or speaking 4 The time when it was 5 The place where it was If Parable 1 What the matter or subiect is in the nature and qualitie thereof 2 What the spirituall matter is 3 Why it was spoken in Parables 4 When it was spoken If Miracle 1 The person who wrought it 2 For whose sake 3 Before whom 4 To what end If Allegorie 1 What the words are 2 What the sence is 3 Whether in the old or in the new 4 Who speaks it 5 To whom it was If a Sacrifice 1 Whether it be Praise or of prayer 2 Of earthly things commended in the law 3 Of spirituall commended in the Gospell 4 The manner of it If a Sacrament 1 Looke for a commandement 2 The nature of the outward Element 3 The inward graces represented by it 4 The promise of saluation Thus you shall examine and finde out a true sacrament from that which is imagined for these foure must needs be in euerie perfect sacrament The tenth Introduction THe conclusion of all arts and studies doe consist of three parts to weer Reading Noting and Exercise To the end you may make perfect vse of your Reading I haue thought good to cōpose this order for your Noting then Gods spirit assisting your