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A06927 The second booke of the English husbandman Contayning the ordering of the kitchin-garden, and the planting of strange flowers: the breeding of all manner of cattell. Together with the cures, the feeding of cattell, the ordering both of pastures and meddow-ground: with the vse both of high-wood and vnder-wood. Whereunto is added a treatise, called Good mens recreation: contayning a discourse of the generall art of fishing, with the angle, and otherwise; and of all the hidden secrets belonging thereunto. Together vvith the choyce, ordering, breeding, and dyeting of the fighting cocke. A worke neuer written before by any author. By G.M.; English husbandman. Part 2-3 Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.; Dennys, John, d. 1609. Secrets of angling. 1614 (1614) STC 17356; ESTC S112058 79,847 118

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of all other bring forth the purest and best séede for which purpose onely they are preserued as soone as your séed-Onions are knotted you shall vnderproppe them with square cradles made of stickes least the waight of the boules which carry the séede should breake the blades The time of gathering your séede is when it is all turned purely blacke and the time of gathering the Onions is when the heads doe forsake the earth after they be gathered you shall lay them on a dry floore for a fortnight or more and then binde them vp in ropes and hang them where they may haue the ayre of the fire onely note that shall gather your Onions in the increase of the Moone as they were sowne and not otherwise Many other Pot-hearbs there be which for as much as they differ nothing eyther in sowing planting or ordering from these which I haue rehearsed I will héere omit them and thinke this sufficient touching the sowing and ordering of all manner of Pot-hearbs CHAP. IIII. Of the sowing of certaine Hearbs which are to be eaten but especially are medicinall yet euer in the Husbandmans Garden OF Hearbes which are medicinall I will begin with Arage ● or Orache which being colde and moyst is very excellent against the hot Go●t it is to be sowne in any moneth from February till December it loueth much moisture and therefore must be oft watered it must be sowne excéeding thinne and quickly couered for the ayre is offensiue Next it is Lumbardy Loueage which being 〈…〉 dry is very purgatiue it desireth a very fruitfull 〈◊〉 but if it be sowne where it may haue much 〈…〉 some shelter accompanied with moysture it will 〈…〉 any ground the moneths for sowing thereof is 〈◊〉 the midst of February till Haruest Fennell is also hot and dry and it comforteth the stomacke openeth the inward vessels and helpeth disgestion it may be sowne in any moneth and vpon any indifferent ground especially if it be a little stony the séede would not be very old though of all other it be the longest la●ter Anise is hot and dry it dissolueth humors and obstructions and is very comfortable to weake stomacks it delighteth in a good and loose mould and is to be sowne in the height of the Spring onely Comin is of the nature of Anise and Fennell and mixt with either is very soueraine against all inward sicknesses procéeding from cold it loueth a fruitfull rich earth much warmth and therfore the later it is sowne in the Spring it is so much the better and aboue all things it would be sowne in the hottest time of the day if it be mixed with other séeds it is so much the better and appeareth the sooner Coliander is of the nature of the earth cold dry it helps disgestion suppresseth vapours which offend the braine it may be sowne vpon any indifferent ground in any month except December and Ianuary the elder the séedes are the better so they be sound and they desire much watering Rue or Hearb-grace is hot and dry is very soueraigne against all inward infection putrifactions and impostumations it ioyeth in any reasonable ground so it grow warme and dry the moneths fittest for the sowing thereof is March Aprill or May and the mould would be firme and not subiect to ryuing whence it procéedes that no meanure is so good for the encrease thereof as horse-dung and ashes mixt together the beds would be made high discending that no moysture may stay thereon they must be carefully wéeded for in their first growth otherwise they are soone choaked Organie is hot and dry and excellent against any sicknesse of the liuer the ground in which it most ioyeth would be a little stonie and full of rubbish yet by no meanes vndunged the moneth fittest for the sowing thereof is March and September the Moone being in Libra or any other moist signe it must be continually watred till it appear● aboue the earth but after forborne for being once well fixed it is euer certaine White Poppy is cold and moyst and much prouoketh sléepe it delights to be sowne in a rich warme dry ground in the moneths of March September or Nouember Germander is hot and dry and excellent against the Kings euill obstructions of the Spléene and hardnesse of Urine it is a hard hearbe and will prosper in any ground it is to be sowne either in the spring or fall of the leafe and is most comly for the setting forth of knots in Gardens Cardus Benedictus or the blessed Thistell is hot and dry it is very soueraine against most inward sicknesses stancheth blood and is a great comforter of the braine it delighteth in a rich ground and a loose well tempered mould it must be sowne very shallow and not couered aboue two inches déepe the first quarter of the Moone is best to sowe it in and in the moneths of March May or September if you sowe a little fine flaxen Wheat with it no doubt but it will prosper the better Angellica is hot and dry it openeth and dissolueth obstructions is an excellent cordiall against poyson and all infections it helpeth the collicke and cureth the biting of madde dogges or venemous beasts it loueth a fruitfull dry mould but may not indure the trouble of wéedes it is to be sowne in March or Aprill it flourisheth in Iuly August it hath a swéet odour and helpeth all euill infected ayres Valerian is hot dry and preuenteth infection it helpeth stitches and other griefes procéeding from windy causes it loueth to grow in moist and low places the ground being well meanured and fill it be shot at least a handfull high it must be kept with continuall watring the 〈…〉 of the yéere is the best to sowe it in Elecampana is hot and moyst and good for offences in the lungs or any outward ioynt being troubled with paine procéeding from colde it is better much to be set th●● sowne yet notwithstanding it may safely enough be sowne at any time after mid-March the ground being rich● soft and loose and the séede strowed very thinne and ●t least two fingers distance one from another Pepperwort is hot and drye yet of the two much more hot it is good against all kinde of aches and other paine in the ioynts or sinewes it delighteth in a rich blacke Soyle fat and loose it would be sowne in February and remoued in September Philipendula is very hot and dry and is good against abortiue births Stone Strangury or any griefe procéeding from colde causes it may be sowne in any barraine stony or grauelly Soyle in the months of May Aprill or September it neither desireth much wéeding nor much watering but being once committed to the ground appeareth sodainely and thus much of those Hearbes which are fit for Medicine of which though there be many others yet they
course Towell very hard but yet cleane for it is a most wholesom friction In the month of February you shall not let bloud for wantonnesse but néede you shall forbeare Hearbe-pottage for at that time onely they are least wholesome you shall kéepe the soles of your féete from wet and vse euery morning your former friction In the moneth of March the signe being good you may let bloud according to your youth strength and necessitie you may take hot and swéet meats and drinkes especially Almonds Figs Reyzins vse also your former friction In the month of Aprill you may bléed as in the month of March in it also you may purge by the order of a learned directer let your dyet be hot and fresh meats and your drinke temperate also in this moneth your former friction is excéeding wholesome In the month of May be no sluggard for the bed is vnwholesome cléerified Way is this moneth a most soueraigne drinke and Sage with swéet Butter is a most excellent breakefast yong Lettuce is an approued good Sallet and the inthrals or offall of Beasts would by all meanes be refused it is also good to let bloud in this month onely for necessitie and not for pleasure and beware by all means not to go weishooed in the dew in the morning In the month of Iune obserue the dyet of May or if you be of youthfull bloud it is not amisse if it be a little cooler and for bléeding let it be for vrgent necessitie In the month of Iuly eschew all wanton bed-sport and if each morning you take a draught of clarified Butter-Milke it is very wholesome vse coole Iulyps and meats that are fresh and not stirring now forbeare Lettice and bléede not except it be in cause of great extreamitie In the month of August forbeare all manner of Worts and Cabadges and generally all meats and Spices which are hot and inflaming but by any meanes bléed not at all except by the direction of most approued learning In the month of September you may eate any sort of ripe Fruits you may bathe in hot bathes for colde causes at your pleasure and you may let bloud according to your necessitie those foods are best which are of lightest disgestion and those drinkes most wholesome which are rather strong then scouring In the moneth of October spare not any bloud except great extreamitie compell you and for your dyet let it be of such foods as are most strong and nourishing and your drinke Béere or Ale of indifferent strength and now and then at the midst and end of meales a draught or two of such Wines as are pleasant strong and wholesome Sallets of Flowers preserued in Uinegar Sugar as either Uiolets Broome-flowers or Gelly-flowers of all kindes or Sampyre Purslan or Beane-●ods preserued in pickell are of excellent vse both in this moneth and the other two which follow In the Moneth of Nouember open also no vaine but for great néed because the blood is then gathered together into the principall vessels Bathing in this Moneth is vtterly to be refused onely let your body be kept warme and euery colde humour or obstruction rather dissolued by moderate frictions as is shewed in the moneth of Ianuary and February then by the violence of any other inward medicine Shell-Fish in this moneth is very wholesome and so are all other sorts of Fish which are not too rawe or slymie In the Moneth of December blood-letting should be also forborne except vpon some especiall dayes as after the fiue and twentieth day at the soonest and for your diet let it be meate which is hot and nourishing but by no meanes that which bréedeth melancholie bloud Use strong Wine and sharpe Sauces as for the warmth of your body next vnto good cloathing let it euer procéed from exercise that is moderate then from toasting or broiling your selfe against the fire for in this Month that body can hardly be sound whose shinnes are made pyde and motley with the fiers scorthcing And thus much touching the experience of the English Husbandman in these fore-knowledges and ayming after the times to come being drawne from the obseruations and rules left vs by succession of times of those learned Fathers and other best knowne and approued in these knowledges yet I doe not binde-euery Husbandman to make as it were new Créeds of these Principles but onely to giue them to his memory as things that will neither oppresse nor hurt it and if in any seldome-séene particularitie any shall vary from the purpose of the relation to remember that there is aboue vs a God of all Truth and Knowledge who will dispose and gouerne all things according to his good Will and Pleasure to which let euery Creature submit in as much as hee onely knoweth what is for mankinde most best and most conuenient CHAP. II. The choyce of ground for the Kitchin-garden and the ordering thereof A Promise honest and profitable being seriously made I holde a sinne capitall to neglect especially where the goodnesse stretcheth it selfe ouer a whole Kingdome and hence I haue assumed to perfect both my promise and my labour in building vp that weake foundation which I formerly laid of the English Husbandman wherein contrary to all other Authors I am neither beholden to Pliny Virgil Columella Varo Rutillius Libault nor any other Forrainer but onely to our owne best experienst Countreymen whose daily knowledge hath made them most perfect in their professions and what better instruction can be had then that which we receiue from the professors being men of our owne neighbourhood acquainted with our Climate and Soile and the necessary things agréeing with the bett●ring of the same and not resort as our Translators haue done to strangers helpe who tels you that you must meanure your ground with Asses dung when our Kingdome hath not so many foure-footed Asses as wil meanure one Acre and many such like things which our Kingdome affordeth not therefore according to the plaine true English fashion thus I pursue my purpose Touching the choyse of Ground I haue in the former part of this Booke shewed you the true nature and goodnesse of euery seuerall Soyle and you are to vnderstand that the best Soyle is best for this purpose because it is least laborsome and most profitable yet notwithstanding that some of our translated Authors doth vtterly disalow for Gardens many Soyles as namely all Sands all Chawkie earths all Grauell all Earths like dust and any Earth which chappeth or openeth in the heat of Summer by that meanes depriuing almost halfe our kingdome of the benefit of Gardens yet I assure you there is no Soyle whatsoeuer if it lye from the inundation of water or be not absolutely boggy but with industry will beare any Fruit Hearbe or Flower plentifully and without any casualtie procéeding from the 〈◊〉 therof witnes a most worthy Garden in the barren Peake of Darbyshire where there is no curious Trée or Plant wanting