that Celandine roots and leaves chopt bruised and boiled in beer and given the Horse luke-warm to drink is more sovereign But notwithstanding our prescriptions for these maladies some do confidently affirm that an Horse hath no Gall at all but that filthy and corrupt matter is wasted and spent either by sweat exercise or turns into diseases Diseases incident to the Liver The diseases of the Liver are many and do proceed from many causes as when it it too hot and too dry two moist or too cold or by intemperate riding evil food corrupt humours or overflowing of the Gall. If his distemper proceed from any hot cause then these are the apparent signs he will be lean and loath his meat his thirst will be great and he will be very laxative Now the general heads from whence a disease in the Liver doth proceed are Inflammation Impostumation or Ulceration If his distemper proced from a cold cause it must be by an Ulcer which proceedeth from a cold cause and the Symptoms to know it by are continual coldness of his Body great feebleness and faintness and the reason is because the ulcerated matter diffuseth ill vapours through the whole body So soon as you discover this distemper by the Symptoms aforesaid let him blood immediately in both sides of the Neck and the next day let him blood in both the Spur-veins and then give him this Drink Take Hâ—ssop Cowslip leaves Liver-wort Lungwort and Harts-tongue of each an handful then take Gentiana Aristolochia rotunda Enula campana dried and long Pepper of each the like quantity so as when they be pâ—unded and sierced you may have of each a spoonful chap the herbs and then mingle them with a spoonful of live Honey then boil all these ingredients in a quart of Ale till one half be consumed then strain it and give it him blood-warm if he refuse to eat by reason this drink hath made him drie then give him a warm Mash let him rest three days betwixt every Drench Ears Impostumated This disease hath its rise from several causes either by a blow about the ears or poll or else by being galled thereabout with a new Halter sometimes it proceedeth from a cold other whiles by bad and peccant humour The Signs of this distemper are burning glowing and swelling about the part and he will not endure to be touched thereabouts For the Cure Take Linseed and make it into a fine powder and Wheat flower of each half a Pint ordinary Honey a pint tried Hogs-grease one pound mix these well together and warm them on a fire keeping them stirring continually then take of this Ointment and spread it on a linnen cloth or leather the breadth of the swelling and so apply it warm renewing it once in twenty four hours till it comes to suppuration and so break then having cleansed the part heal it thus Take Mel Rosarum Sallet oil and ordinary Turpentine of each two ounces having incorporated them well together make a bigging for the Horse to keep on the medicine and tent it to the bottom with this Ointment applying likewise a Plaister of the same to the place aggrieved renewing it daily till the sore be well Frenzie This Frenzie or madness in an Horse is fourfold first when some naughty and corrupted blood doth strike only one part of the Panicle of the Brain and you shall know this by his turnning round like a Beast troubled with the Sturdy The second is when a poisonous blood infecteth the middle part of the Brain then will the Horse be mad leaping against any thing and running his head against a wall Thirdly he is said to be mad when blood filleth his stomachical Veins Lastly he is then frantick indeed when the poyson of the blood not only infecteth the Brain and Heart but the Panicles also which you may know by his biting of every thing comes near him by gnawing the Manger and lastly by tearing his own skin in pieces The speediest cure is to let him blood in most of the lower parts of the body to draw down the blood from cumbring his head The Veins most proper to be opened for this dangerous Distemper are the Shackle-veins the Spur-veins the Plat-veins and the Thigh-veins taking very much blood from them after this give him this drink take the root of wild Cucumber if not that a handful of Rew or Mints and an handful of black Hellebore and boil them in strong red Wine and give it in an horn luke-warm The Cure which Mr. Markham hath by long experience found most safe speedy and expedient is either to make him swallow down hard Hens-dung or else give him to drink the root of Virga Pastoris stamped in water As for his ordering during the Cure his Stable must be quiet but not close and his food only warm Mashes of Malt and Water of this but a little at a time for the slenderer his Diet the better it is Falling Evil. This Falling Evil is the same which in men is called the Falling sickness it deprives the beast of all sense whatsoever It proceeds from gross and cold flegm gathered together in the fore part of the head betwixt the Panicle and the Brain which being by any hot vapour disperst through the whole Body it doth instantly cause the Falling the signs of this Distemper are so apparent they need no farther description than this that all his body will quake and quiver foam at the mouth and when you think him past recovery he will start up and fall to his meat To effect the Cure let him blood in the Neck-Vein five days after bleed him in the Temple-Veins and in his Eye-Veins then anoint his body all over with a comfortable Friction then bath his head and ears with Oyl de Bay liquid Pitch and Tar mixt together dropping some thereof into his Ears make him a Cap of Canvas quilted with Wool to keep his head warm and force him to sneeze Now because this is a disease that doth not frequently invade the bodies of English Horses only the Spanish French and Italian Horses I think what already is written of this Malady may suffice Foundring in the Body This Distemper of all Surfeits is most dangerous and most incident to Horses which dayly travel It proceedeth from suffering the Horse to drink too much in his travail being very hot whereby the Grease being suddainly cooled it doth clap about and suffocate the internal parts with such a loathsome fulness that without a speedy purgation death will speedily and inevitably follow And this disease may proceed from another cause viz. suddain washing of Horses in the Winter time when they are both fat and hot by travail where are cold Vapour of the Water striking into the body of the Horse benums the inward and vital parts making the blood to lose its office whereby he loseth his strength in such manner that he can neither go nor bow his joynts and being laid he is unable to
former by being deep black about the sides and bottom neither increasing nor healing The causes are either bruise wound or impostume abused in the cure or else the cause may arise from the negligence or unskilfulness of the Farrier suffering ill humours to slow down into those parts The signs are according to Mr. Markham's judgment the long continuance of the Sore the blackness thereof with inflammation and the thinness of the matter flowing from it Observe this in the Cure first mundifie or cleanse the sore well with white Wine then take Lilly-leaves and Copperas and beat them well in a Mortar with Swines-grease till they turn to a Salve then with flax lay it on the Sorrance covering it also with a Plaister as in the cure of wounds and it will speedily be a Cure this must be renewed once a day But as for an old Ulcer in particular I never found any thing by experience better than this Take Frankincense Mastick Cloves green Copperas and Brimstone of each a like quantity twice as much Myrrh as any of the former beat it into powder and burn it on a Chafing dish and coals but let it not flame as the smoak ariseth take an handful of Lint and hold it over the smoak so that it may receive the fume thereof into it then close this Lint in a Box and keep it It is to be supposed that this Lint or you may use fine Hurds instead thereof is throughly persumed and observe before you use it purifie and wash well with Urine or Vinegar either made warm the sore and then having dried it lay on some of these Hurds or Lint continuing so doing twice a day take this from experience to be a speedy and never failing Cure Ives The Ives grow in a rowl betwixt the hinder part of his Jaw-bone and his Neck if they should chance to reach the roots of his ears the Horse is in a dangerous condition If you will work a Cure you must first let him blood in both the Neck-veins having thus done take Vinegar Pepper and Hogs grease of each a like quantity having wrought them well together divide it into two equal portions putting the one part into one ear and the residue into the other then clap in after it wool or flax to keep it in and then stitch up his ears close with a needle and thread for a day and a night In the time of the Cure let him stand in the house Inflammations Pustuls and Kernels under the Chawl of an Horse These inflammations have most commonly their rise and original from either cold or Glanders which must be dissolved or discussed or the Horse will never be sound to this purpose therefore take two handfuls of Wheat-bran a quart of Beer or Ale or so much as will thicken it then add to these Hogs-grease half a pound boil these together till the liquor be quite consumed then take thereof and lay it to the place as hot as it can be endured doing thus every day so long till it hath either broke the swelling or softned it in such manner as that it is in a fit condition to be opened having cleansed it from its filth and putrefaction then tent it with flax dipped in this Salve following Take of Turpentine and Hogs-grease of each a like quantity of Rozin or Wax somewhat more melt all these together and your Salve is made put hereof into and upon the wound once a day till it be whole Inflammations in Horses Eyes These inflammations happen often by an Horses long standing in a Stable whereby motes fall into his eyes or they may come by foul feeding and no exercise or by corrupt or rank blood The signs are plain the Cure must then follow first phlebotomize him on the Temple-veins and upon the Eye-veins and then wash his Eyes with Milk and Honey mixt together or you may wash his Eyes after you have bled him with Milk and Aloes Hepatica Impostumation in general how to ripen If any swelling doth impostumate you shall discern it by the heat for if you lay your hand thereon you will feel it burn exceedingly when you have discovered the nature of the malady your next care must be to ripen it so that it may be fit to be opened for that purpose take Mallow-roots and white Lilly-root of each a like quantity bruise them and put unto them Hogs-grease and Linseed-meal boil these till they are soft and then lay them in manner of a Plaister to the Swelling Before I give you any more receipts for the ripening or softning an Impostume give me lieve to tell you first what an Impostume is which may be thus defined It is a gathering or knitting together of many and most corrupt humours in any part or member of the body making that part to swell extremely and growing into such violent inflammation that in the end they rot and break out into foul mattery and running sores having their original either from corruption of food or corruption of blood Now let me proceed to give you a farther account of what will ripen them Some take Swines-grease red Wax and the flower of Euphorbium and mixing them well on the fire lay it to the Impostume Others say this is better to take two handfuls of Sorrel and lapping it in a Dock-leaf roast it in the hot embers and so lay it very hot to the Impostume renewing it once a day But in my opinion this is best Take of Sanguis Draconis of Gum Arabick of new Wax of Mastick of Pitch of Greece of Incense and of Turpentine of each a like quantity melt these together and having strained them make a Plaister thereof and lay it to the Impostume and this will both ripen break and heal it so much in general Now you are to understand there are two sorts of Impostumes the one hot and the other cold If the Impostume hath its original from any hot cause as extraordinary travel or inflamed blood then according to the judgment of the most knowing take Liverwort and stamp it and mingle it with the grounds of Ale Hogs-grease and Mallows bruised Or you may take Lettice-seed or Poppy-seed and mix it with the Oyl of red Roses and lay it on the Sore plaister-wise if it be done at the beginning of the swelling it will take it clean away But if the Impostume be engendered by any cold cause then take Balm and Hogs-grease and stamp them well together and apply it as aforesaid Or open the Impostume in the lowest part with a hot Iron then wash it with warm Urine after that anoint it with Tar and Oil well mixt together Note by the way if you make your Incision in the form or manner of an half-Moon it will be more advantagious for your purpose Or Lastly take an handful of Rew and stamp it well with the yolks of Eggs and Honey and applying it Plaister wise it will cure any old Impostume Itch in the Tail of an Horse
THE ENGLISH HORSMAN The English HORSMAN And Complete Farrier Directing all Gentlemen and others How to Breed Feed Ride and Diet all Kind of HORSES whether for War Race or other Service WITH A Discovery of the Causes Signs and Cures of all Diseases both Internal and External Incident to Horses Alphabetically digested WITH THE Humours of a SMITHFIELD Jockey By Robert Almond a well known and skilful Farrier of the City of London Practising therein above forty five years LONDON Printed for Simon Miller and are to be Sold at the Sign of the Star at the West-end of St. Paul's 1673. TO THE READER Reader I Do here present you with a book which with modesty I may say is worthy of your perusal it contains almost whatever is useful and necessary as to an Horse and all his diseases I confess in my younger days I was not a little curious and have been at some expence for translations out of several Languages as to the several practises of divers Countreys in the profession wherein I was bred I have made it my study and practice out of all to select what I have here for the good of my Countrey delivered with great pains and long experience I must confess I owe much to my famous Countrey men Mr. Blondevil Mr. Markham and Mr. Le Grey for that great light and knowledg I have received from them I have very much lamented the several books I have read in Horsemanship which only discourse of Cures without giving any account either of the cause or sign of the disease which I am sure hath been the occasion of the loss of many a good Horse What I have done is as plain as I could read and judg Your affectionate Countrey-man Robert Almond The Table A. AGe of an Horse to know 48 49 50 Anticor its cure 70 Anbury or Wart 139 B. Breeding Horses best method 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bones of a Horse 47 Blood letting 59. 137 138 Bots Cause and Cure 72 Blood staling its cure 73 Blowing with difficulty its cure 74 Belly ach cause and cure 75 Broken Wind a certain Cure 76 Broken Lungs or Rotten how to know and cure 77 Bloody Flux cause and cure 106 Brittle Hoof cause and cure 144 Bone Spavin 145 Back Swankt or Swoln 147. 150 Burning by a Mare its cure 147 Button Farcy 148 Bunches of all sorts how to cure 149 Blood Spavin its cure 150 Barbs cause and cure 151. 265 Botches in the Groin cause and cure 153 Blood to stanch 277 C. Colts when to geld 9 Colts when to break 10 Complection of an Horse how to judg 20 21 Choice directions in bleeding or Physicking Horses 55 Cold the best cure 78 Consumption cause and cure 78 79 Colt Evil cause and cure 79 Clysters proper for Horses and how to apply them 81 82 83 84 Canker in the mouth cause and cure in the head 154 155 Curb cause and cure 157 Crest fallen cause and cure 158. 273 Casting the Hoof a remedy 158 159 Camery its cause and cure 160 Cronet a certain cure 161 Canker in the Withers cause and cure 161 Casting the hoof how to do it 162 D. Directions for chusing good Horses 15 16 17. 346 347 Diseases in Horses and their causes 50 51 85 Dropsie cause and cure 84 Drenches for all diseases 85 86 Diseases of the Gall cause and cure 87 88 Defence against Flyes 163 Dangerous sickness its cause and cure 164 165 Dislocation of joints 167 E Exerements of an Horse to judg 56 Ears imposthumated cause and cure 89 Enterfering cause and cure 168 169 Eyes hurt by blow cure certain 171 Eye Film Pin or Web 171. 174 Eye Canker 172 Eyes watred 175 Eye bitten 175 Eyes imposthumated 175 Eyes inflam'd 217 F. Feeding of Horses for Race choice observations 26 27 Feavers of all sorts their cures 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66. 93 Frenzie cause and cure 91. 334 Falling Evil 91 Foundring in the belly 92 Flux in Horses cause and cure 95 Farcy cause and cure 148 Falling of the Fundament cause cure 177 Fetlock hurt cause and cure 178 179 Frettizing a certain cure 180 Frothy hoof a cure 180 False quarter in a hoof its cure 182 Fig a disease on the heel its cure 185 Fistula cause and cure 187 188 189 190 Frets Cause and cure 190 191 G. Glanders cause and cure 95 96 97 General Rules for Sores and outward Maladies to be observed by the Horse Chirurgeon 133 134 Gaunt belly how to remedy 152 Gravelling cause and cure 191 192 193 Gourged or gourded legs 193 Gelding of Horses and Colts what to be observed and time when 195 Garget cause and cure 196 Gauled back its cure 198 Gigs cause and cure 200 Glanders a Pill 262 Grease molten 305 H. Head Ach cause and cure 98. 205 Hungry evil cause and cure 98 Horse Hide bound cause and cure 99 Horse lean how to fatten 100 101. 213. 345. 357 Horse shot to cure 144 Hurle bone disjointed 203 Hide bound cause and cure 204 Heels troubled with the Mellet 206 Hips hurt or strained 211 Hough bonny cause and cure 212 Halting by stroke or strain its cure 213 Hair to make slick and smooth 339 Hair how to take off of any part 340 Horse how to make to follow his master or find him out amongst a multitude 342 Horse to make nimble at the spur 343 Hair to make grow soon thick and long 344 Horsemens observations for ordering Horses 351 I. Instructions to accomplish a rider 22 23 c. Jaundies eause and cure 101 Inflamations how to ripen cure 103. 217 Inflamations about the heels to cure 142 Ives cause and cure 216 Itch in the tail cause and cure 220 Interfering its cure 220 Joints grieved with ach weakness or swelling by cold 221 Jade tired or dull how to make to go forward 341. 356 Though resty and heavy to prance and caper 355 K. Kidney infirmities cause and cure 104 Kernels like Grapes cause and cure 140 Knots or knobs to remove â—22 Kernels in the throat to dissolve â—23 Knees broken to cure â—24 Kibed heels cause and cure 239 L. Loathing meat cause and cure 105 Lask cause and cure 106 Lips heat 210 Legs swelled to cure 224 Leprosie cause and cure 227. 272 Lice to clean from Horses 229 Lampas cause and cure 230 Lave-Ear'd Horses how to remedy 232 M. Method of breeding Horses 4 Molten grease and fatning balls 39 Murrain or Plague 68 Molten grease cause and cure 108. 238 Mourning of the chine cause and cure 108 109 Maunge 201. 235 Mouth heat 210 Moon eyed Horses its remedy 173. 223 Melander cause and cure 234 Mouth sore 237 Mellet cause and cure 237 Mortfounder'd its cure 238 Mallender cause and cure 240 Mourning of the chine its cause cure 241 Molt long or Molt worm its cause cure 242 Mollifiers against hardness 243 Main shedding its remedy 297 Mark in the mouth to counterfeit 355 N. Night Mare cause and cure 110 Navel
surfeits or molten grease and foulness by over exercise and the like Fourthly of the signs and symptoms of Diseases which are many nay almost innumerable however take them thus in brief First observe the place of the member grieved and see whether it have its true proportion and is not less or more in quantity if either happen the Horse is diseased next mark the alteration of the quality as whether too moist too dry too cold or too hot Your third sign may be taken from the members non-performance of his duty and lastly by the thicker and thinner Excrements But these directions may seem to some difficult and abstruse wherefore take these plainer instructions which are the thirty years observation of a most ingenious Gentleman and one admired by all the Horse-Doctors in or about this City and thus he layeth down the undeceivable signs of all sorts of internal diseases If an Horse be more than usual slower to labour or duller to the spur If he be shorter winded drawing his breath quick If his ears hang down more than they were wont If his hair do bristle or be more staring If his Flanks be more than usually lank and hollow If he burn betwixt his ears or about his pasterns If travelling his stomach fail him and his mouth dry which used to foam These are infallible signs of inward distemper as to the general now as to signs of particular diseases take these If an Horse hold down his head whereas he was wont to have a chearful look it prognosticates a Feaver Head-ach or Foundring That Horse whose eye were naturally clear and quick and of a suddain look dull and dim and heavy is troubled either with the head-ach or the staggers is seizing him An Horse will frequently discover obstructions in the Liver by often turning his head to the right side and the like by turning it down to his belly make appear that he is troubled with the Bots Worms or Cholick Water running from an Horses mouth is the sign of a wet cough or staggers If foul matter issue from an Horses Nostrils it signifies an Ulcer in the nose or head if it be white it is a sign of the Glanders if black of the mourning of the Chine if yellow the consumption of the Liver if little lumps proceed from his mouth it shows the rottenness of his Lungs The beating of the Flank with shortness of breath is the sign of a Feaver or â—trangle If ought may be felt on both sides the Forehead beating it is a sign of the Staggers Swellings about the ears betoken the Pole-evil under the ear the vives and swelling in the mouth is the sign of the Canker Flaps or Lampass Swelling under the throat and swelling about the root of the Tongâ—â— is in the first a sign of the Glanders in the last a sign of the Strangle but if about the tongue roots there be only knots or kernels it is only a sign of a Cold. If an Horse tremble after drinking cold water during that time he hath a certain fit of an Ague for if any will observe it after the trembling is over he shall find him burn and glow extremely If an Horse piss with much difficulty you may suspect him either foundred or troubled with the Wind-Cholick or Stone if the colour of his urine be yellow it is a sign of the Glanders but if thick and black he is afflicted with pain in the Kidneys If Horses Dung stink much it is the sign of a hot Liver if little then of a cold Liver and if undigested then of a Consumption or some dry Malady If an Horse desire extremely to lie down on his right side he is troubled with a hot Liver if on the left it is the sign of a distemper'd Spleen if he tumble to and fro taking no rest then he is troubled with Worms Bots or Wind-cholick if not able to rise when down it betokens mortal weakness or foundring in the body If an Horse covet much meat and little drink it betokens a cold Liver but if he thirst much and eat little then it denotes a Feaver rotten Lungs an extraordinary heat in the stomach or the dry Yellows If an Horse strike with his foot at his belly it signifies the Cholick or Griping of the Guts but if he fisks with his Tayl when he strikes then it is Bots or Wormâ— If a knotty Ulcer creep along the Veins it is the Farcy if expanding it self only in one place it is a Canker if the Ulcer be hollow and crooked it is a Fistula but if it be a spungy wart and full of blood it is an Anbury If an Horses tongue be swoln and hang out of his mouth it is the Strangle To conclude there are many more signs and symptoms oâ— diseases the discovery whereof I shall leave to your own industry And now I am come to the fifth and last thing which I promised to discourse upon and which must conclude this Treatise viz. The means and several ways used to compleat the cure of every individual disease incident to the afflicting an Horses body observe this first as a Prooemium thereunto CHAP. XVII General yet choice observations in the administration of Physick to Horses THe signs and symptoms of diseases will avail you little if only knowing how to judge of health and sickness you know not also how to apply things proper to every malady and to the intent you may avoid all absurdities herein take these rules First let what ever potion or drench you give your Horse be but luke-warm for it is of a most dangerous and deadly consequence if you scald an Horses stomach Secondly give him his potion easily that you may avoid suffocation Thirdly draw out your Horses tongue a little before you clap the horn into his mouth and then let it slip in again and that will force him to swallow what he hath received Lastly if you will have your physick work well keep your Horse fasting a good while both before and after the reception thereof and use him to moderate exercise for the better operation as walking or trotting him as you shall find him furnished with strength As to the mixing your medicaments take these three observations First if your Horses distemper be hot as a Feaver c. then let your simples be mixed with Oyl Honey or warm water Secondly if the disease hath its rise from cold causes as Coughs Rheums c. then mingle your simples with Wine or good Ale Lastly if your Horse be weak and much debilitated by his distemper then mix your simples with Milk and Egges CHAP. XVIII Of Blood-letting PHlebotomy or Blood-letting is either to prevent diseases and so preserve health or to refrigerate the spirits or else to take away blood where there is too much or else to void and purge gross and foul humours In phlebotomy you are to observe this first to chase or exercise him moderately then let him rest a day before you
to his meat For the Cure take of Diapente the bigness of an Hasel-nut as much Dialfara as much London Treacle as much Mithridate as much Saffron an handful of Worm-wood an handful of Red-Sage Rhubarb as much as an Hasel-nut and two Cloves of Garlick boyl all these together in a quart of Beer till it come to a pint and half then give it him luke-warm fasting and keep him very warm and the next thing you give him must be a warm Mash of ground Malt it must be his sweating that principally effects the Cure Head-ach Is a pain that cometh from some inward cause as some cholerick humour gathered together in the Panicles of the Brain or from some extream heat or cold or from outward causes either by a blow or some noysome savour The signs are hanging down of his head dropping of his Urine dimness of sight swoln with waterish eyes The best way to cure him is to make him sneeze by fumigation then let him blood in the Palate of the mouth and keep him fasting fourteen hours afterwards then spurt into his Nostrils Wine wherein hath been sodden Euphorbium and Frankincense after this seed him and keep his head warm Others advise to let him blood three mornings together after walk him a while then cloath him then cover his Temples over with a Plaister of Pitch let his meat be little and his Stable dark Hungry Evil or greedy Worm The hungry Evil is an unnatural and over hasty greediness in an Horse to devour his meat faster than he can chew it and is only known by his greedy snatching at his meat as if he would devour a piece of the Manger The Cure is to give him to drink Milk and Wheat meal mingled together a quart at a time and to feed him with Provender a little and a little at a time till he forsake it Horse Hide-bâ—und Hide-bound is so called because the skin cleaveth so fast to his ribs that with your fingers you cannot pull one from the other It proceedeth sometimes from Poverty sometimes from Surfeit and lastly from a corrupt dryness of the blood which wanting its natural course forceth the skin to shrink up The signs are besides what is already spoken gauntness of Belly and the Ridg-bone of his back standing up if this be not speedily remedied Manginess will suddainly insue The Cure of this disease is diversly laid down some will have the Horse let blood in the Spur-Veins and then give him this drink Take of Strong Ale a quart and put thereto three Ounces of Sallet Oyl of Cummin one Ounce of Anniseeds two Ounces of Liquorish two Ounces beaten all to fine powder and given him luke-warm in an Horn to drink having drunk it off let one chafe his back from his Huckle-bone upward for an hour or more then let him stand warm with good store of Litter about him then fold about his body a thick Blanket soaked in Water and this will make him sweat thus do for a week and you will loosen his skin Others prescribe blood-letting in the first place then let him drink 4 mornings together a quart of new Milk with two spoonfuls of Honey one Spoonful of course Treacle let his food be sodden Barley or warm Grains and his Drink hot Mashes But the best remedy I can find and that experimentally is first to let him blood in the Neck-Vein then give him this drink Take two handfuls of Celandine if in Summer the Leaves if in Winter Stalks and Roots and chop them small then take an handful of Wormwood and an handful of Rue and chop them also put all these into three quarts of strong Ale and boyl them till it come to a quart then take it from the fire and dissolve therein three Ounces of the best Treacle and being luke-warm give it the Horse to drink then for a weeks space once a day rub all the Horses body over with Oyl and Beer against the hair and feed him with warm Mashes of Malt and Water and let his Provender be Barley sodden till it be ready to break Horses lean and unsound how to fatten them in a Fortnight If your Horse be so poor and diseased that you are out of all hopes of his life then take Anniseeds Cumminseeds Fenugreek Carthamus Enula-Campana Flower of Brimstone brown Sugar-Candy of each of these two Ounces beaten and searced to a very fine powder then take an Ounce of the Juice of Liquorish and dissolve it in an half pint of White-Wine then take three Ounces of the syrrop of Colts-foot of Sallet-Oyl and Life-Honey of each half a pint then mix these with the former powders and with as much Wheat Flower as will bind them all together then work them into a stiff Paste and make thereof Balls as big as Pullets Eggs and so keep them close in a Gally pot when you would use them take one and anoint it with Oyl or Butter and give it the Horse in the nature of a Pill then ride him a little after it then feed and water him as at other times giving him this Pill for a whole fortnight together but if his fatning answer not your expectation then make a second Ball after this manner Take of Wheat-meal what may suffice of Anniseeds two ounces of Cummin-seeds six drachms of Carthamus one drachm and an half of Fenugreek-seeds one ounce two drachms of Brimstone one ounce and an half of Sallet-oil one pint two ounces of Honey one pound and an half of white Wine four pints the hard Simples being pu'verized and finely sierced you must make all these into a Paste and having kneaded it well make it into Balls bigger than a Turkeys Egg and then every morning and evening when you water your Horse dissolve into his cold water one of these Balls by lathering it and so let him drink thereof The Horse at first will it may be be very unwilling to drink thereof if so let him thirst till he drink it for at last he will be forced to take but having throughly tasted thereof he will refuse all waters for this only this is a most excellent Medicine which not only scowreth fatneth but likewise cleanseth the body from all manner of ill humours Jaundice The Jaundice or the Yellows proceeds from the overflowing of the Gall and Spleen of this Malady there are two sorts if Choler overflow by reason of the Gall then it is the yellow Jaundice because of the outward appearance of the Distemper as Eyes Skin Mouth inside of the Lips c. are dried and coloured Yellow if Melancholy abound by reason of the sickness of the Spleen the outward parts appear black and therefore it is called the Black Jaundice Where note that whilst the matter is yellow so long the Horse's body is in a very probable way of recovery but when the yellow is mastered and converted into blackness it is an evident sâ—gn of mortality Of all the diseases in an Horse's body this is most
common and yet most dangerous if not timely cured wherefore I shall lay down the best receipts I could meet withal And first phlebotomize your Horse in the Neck-vein and let him bleed so long till you see the blood come very pure then give him of this Drink Take a quart of Ale and put therein Saffron and Turmerick of each half an ounce and the juyce that is wrung out of a great handful of Celandine and being luke-warm give it the Horse to drink keeping him warm three or four days giving him warm water with a little Bran in it Another way to cure him is when you perceive he is troubled with the Jaundice by the sweating at the roots of his Ears and by the yellowness of the Whites of his Eyes then blood let him in in the Neck-veins on both sides of the Neck then take Elder leaves Celandine and Camomile of each an handful cut them small and give them to the Horse in a pint and an half of the best Beer being made luke-warm fasting keep him warm and give him warm water to drink for two or three days So much of the yellow Jaundice a word or two of the black Jaundice It is the opinion of several understanding men that the black Jaundice is a disease incurable but because others are of a contrary opinion I will give you an account of what they prescribe for the Cure thereof First rake his Fundament then give him a Clyster made of Oyl Water Milk and Nitrum then pour into his Nostrils the Decoction of Mallows mingled with sweet Wine and let his meat be Grass or Hay sprinkled with water and a little Nitre and his Provender dried Oats he must rest from labour and be often rubbed I shall say little to it only leave it to your own Experience Inflammations how to ripen as Pustuls and Kernels which grow under the Chawl of an Horse These Pustuls and Kernels proceeding from Inflammations occasioned by colds c. must be dissolved otherwise all remedies will prove insignificant wherefore to bring these Pustuls to suppuration you must take Wheat-bran two handfuls and a quart of Wine or Ale to thicken it with put to it half a pound of Hogs-grease boil these together till the Liquour be quite consumed and so apply it to the place as hot as the Horse can endure it renewing it every day till it be so soft as that it be fit to be opened to let out the corruption then tent it with Flax dipped in this Salve But if the Inflammation be impostumated you may then take of the grounds of a Beer-barrel a Gallon of Smallage Peniroyal Winter Savory Cumfrey Rew and of the Berries and Leaves of the Misseltoe of each two handfuls chop these very small and put them to the Beer grounds and add thereunto Deer or Sheeps Suet tried one pound and three or four handfuls of Rye or Wheat-bran so much as will serve to boil these to a Pouâ—tess then apply it to the place and let it be never so much impostumated it will either break or soften it but if it be very hard it will discuss and divert the humour some other way Kidney Infirmities The Kidneys are frequently afflicted with Inflammations Obstructions Aposthumes and Ulcers and these are occasioned by some great strain by over-riding or over-bearing The usual Symptoms of the distempers in the Kidneys are discerned by his staggering and roling as he goeth his Urine will be thick and blackish if he hath stones they will be shrunk up if none his sheath will be drawn backward The Cure Bathe his Back and Loins with Oyl Wine and Nitrum warmed together and after he is bathed cover him with warm cloths and let him stand in Litter up to the Belly then give him to drink water wherein hath been sodden Dill Fennel Anniseeds Smallage Parsley Spikenard Myrrh and Cassia or as many of these Simples as you can well procure The next morning fasting give him a quart of Ews milk if you cannot get that then half a pint of Sallet oil with the root of Daffadil boiled in wine and let Oats be his Provender If the Horse be troubled with the Stone which you will discover by his often straining to piss but cannot then take an handful of Maiden-hair and steep it all night in a quart of strong Ale and give the Horse to drink every morning till he be perfectly cured this is an infallible Medicine to break in an Horse any stone whatever Loathing of meat in an Horse This is a disease proceeding from the intemperature of his Stomach occasioned by rankness of blood or overmuch travel Dayly experience makes this latter apparent for if an Horse be ridden hard and put up into a Stable hot he will refuse his meat and hence it is that I cannot but condemn baiting at Noons a vulgar ignorant custom because a journey commonly craves haste so that an Horse is not admitted to take so convenient a cooling as is requisite before his meat which breeds many distempers Now to cool him moderately either wash his tongue with Vinegar or give him to drink Oyl and Vinegar mingled with cold water But if the loathing of his meat proceed from the coldness of his Stomach which is only known by the standing up and stovering of the hair then give him Wine and Oil to drink mixed divers mornings together or Wine Oil Sage and Rice boiled together giving him thereof a quart at a time Some again will give him Onions pilled and chopt and Rocket-seed boiled and bruised in Wine others mingle Wine with the blood of a Sow-Pig But to conclude Take this as the best remedy for any general forsaking or an Horse's loathing his meat whether it proceed from hot or cold causes in the Stomach and that is when there are green Blades of Corn especially of Wheat give your Horse a good quantity thereof if it be at such a time as that they cannot be procured then give the Horse sweet Wine and the seeds of Gith mixt with it or else sweet Wine and Garlick well pilled and stampt brewing it a good while together this is a sovereign remedy in maladies of this nature Lask or Bloody Flux The Lask or â—ax is an unnatural loosness in an Horses Body which if not in its due time stayed will bring the Horse to great debilitation and weakness this disease proceedeth from very many causes wherefore I shall pass them over and only inform you that as you must have a care not to stop it too soon so let it not run too long both being of an equal dangerous consequence As long as you find the strength and good estate of your Horse continue you may let him scowre but when once that begins to impair you must put a stop to its farther course which you may do several ways As first take of Bean-flower and Bole Armoniack of each a quartern mix them together with a quart of red Wine give it him luke-warm
but be sure to keep him warm and expose him to no labour for some small time Or secondly you may take an handful of an herb called Shepherds-purse and boil it in a quart of strong Ale then take the seeds of Woodroof stampt and when the Ale is luke-warm put them thereinto and give it the Horse to drink Let his drink in this mean while be warmed mingled with Bean-flower but give him not his full draught at a time and when you give him any let it be but once in eighteen hours Others and not unadvisedly take the powder of one Nutmeg half an ounce of Cinamon and as much of the rind of a Pomegranat and mixing these with a pint of red Wine give it the Horse luke-warm to drink But if this Disease happen to a sucking Foal as it is frequently seen by reason of the fluidness of his Diet then give him a pint of Verjuice which curdling the Milk will thicken his excrement and is I can experimentally assure a speedy Remedy Now as to the Bloody Flux it is undoubtedly occasioned by some sharp humour excoriating the Guts or from some exulceration thereof The signs of this distemper are very apparent therefore I shall not need to describe them wherefore I shall only prescribe the Cure and that may be effected several ways as by dissolving four ounces of the Conserve of Sloes in a pint of red Wine and so with your Horn give it him to drink but the most approved Remedy in this take half an handful of Shepherds-purse and as much Tanners Bark taken out of the Fat and dried a little Cinnamon boil these in three pints of red Wine to a quart and then straining the liquor give it your Horse lukewarm to drink Molten Grease If an Horse be Grease-molten or foundred in the Body then open the Neck-vein and draw away the corrupt and inflamed blood then take a pint of white Wine half the quantity of Sallet-oil of Rhubarb two drachms and the like of Aloes half an ounce of Sena three drachms of Agarick half an ounce of Bay berries two drachms of Saffron of Duck and Cordial powder two drachms pulverize what is to be pulverized and having mixt them well together add thereunto four ounces of life Honey give him this blood-warm let him fast four hours before he take it and as many after let him have no Oats that day nor any other drink than sweet Mashes and be sure to keep him very warm Mourning of the Chine This Distemper by the experience of such who have frequently opened Horses is found to be a Corruption or Consumption of the Liver this Consumption proceeding from a cold which is afterwards converted into a Pose that into the Glanders and lastly into the Mourning of the Chine To avoid prolixity or the variety of Cures which every man according to his own fancy thinketh best I shall give you two which instar omnium are lookt upon by the most Expert the best Remedy for this Malady Take of the Bark of an Elder-tree growing by the water side as much as will fill an ordinary Pipkin add thereunto as much running water as the Vessel will hold and boil this liquor half away then fill it up again and continue so doing thrice after the consumption of the water and take it off the fire and add thereunto a third of the Oil of Oats or the like quantity of sweet Butter or Hogs-grease and being warmed again take a quart thereof and give it the Horse to drink one hornful at his Mouth and the other at that Nostril which evacuateth the matter Let your Horse be fasting when you administer to him this Drink and you will find it not only an excellent Cure for this malady but also for all others proceeding from any cold whatsoever Let his meat be boil'd Barley and his drink warm Mashes but if the season will permit his best food will be to turn him to Grass but that which I shall particularly commend to your observation and practice is Take two drachms of Auripigmentum and of Tussilage as much pulverized then mix them into a kind of paste with Turpentine and make little cakes thereof drying them before the fire then take of these cakes as much as you shall think sufficient and put thereof into a Chafing-dish of coals and covering it with a Tunnel when it smoaketh put the end of the Tunnel into his Nostril that the fume may ascend into his Head then ride him till he sweat thus do before you water your Horse every morning till you find his Nostrils leave running and that those Kernels or hard lumps at the root of his tongue be dissolved Night-Mare This is a distemper which very much afflicteth Horses as well as Mankind seizing both so violently that the breath will be so stopt that it will cause a struggling and a striving so that an excessive sweat and faintness will follow It comes only in the Night and it proceeds from Crudities and ill digestion whose ill vapours do not only disturb the head but likewise all the sensitive parts The signs are coming to your Horse in the morning you shall find him all of a sweat one drop driving the other panting and sweating principally in his Flanks Neck and roots of the Ears The Cure is Mornings and Evenings both before and after Water to give him a good moderate exercise and having brought him into the Stable rub him well down giving him Oats mixed with an handful of Hemp-seed Now by the way take notice that there are other distempers which proceed from the same cause as doth the Night-Mare viz. the Falling-Evil Planet-Struck and Palsey and these may seem to have different natures and dispositions whereas they are all the same having one rise or original which is only cold Phlegm or thick humours ingendered about the Brain and benumming the Senses and so weakning the Members that they cause sometimes the Horse to fall down and then it is the Falling-Sickness sometimes they seize and weaken one Member only and then this Malady is named Planet-Struck sometimes it spoileth some particular member by some strange contraction and then it is called the Palsey and lastly when the humour oppresseth the Stomach lying heavy at the Heart stopping his Breath and making him Sweat then it hath the appellation of the Night-Mare As all these Distempers proceed from one cause so I shall prescribe but one Medicine Take three spoonfuls of Tar and of Butter the like quantity beat them well together with the powder of Liquorish Anniseeds and Sugar-Candy till it be like a Paste then make these into three balls putting to each ball three cloves of Garlick then take your Horse fasting and give them him and let him fast four hours after Over-gorged Horse The signs of an Horse over-gorged are swelling and slavering so full as if the skin were ready to burst as soon as you have discovered his distemper take a quarter of a pound of
herein first take the Horse out of the stable in a long string causing one to run him in his hand the length of the halter especially observe how he sets down his legs whatever leg is defective that leg to be sure he will endeavour to favour if he favour none but go upright then mount him and ride him roundly in some rode after this alight and let him stand still an hour or better then run him again in your hand at the halters length and then assure your self if he have the least grief he should not be able to conceal it If you find him infirm you shall know thus whence his grief proceeds if from an hot cause then the Horse halteth most when he is much exercised or travailed if from a cold cause then he halteth most when he hath stood still a while Hipped Horse or an Horse that is hurt in his Hips An hipped Horse is so properly called when the hip-bone is dislocated or removed out of its natural seat or place This Malady is as difficultly cured as any whatsoever for if it be not instantly taken immediately after the dislocation there will grow in the pot of the huckle bone a callous or hard substance that it will exclude the bone absolutely from ever possessing its natural habitation and so the Sorrance becomes incurable The symptoms of this Sorrance are halting much and going sidelong trailing his legs somewhat after him the grieved hip will be somewhat lower than the other and the flesh will fall away from his Buttock You must work his cure thus first cast him on his back and then having a strong Pastern on his grieved leg with a rope draw that leg upright and with your hands on each side his thigh bone guide it into the pot that done let him down gently and raise him up with as little stirring or disturbance to him as you can and so lead him softly into the stable after this charge all his hip and back with Rozen and Pitch molten together and laid on warm and upon that some Flocks of the colour of his own hair and so turn him to grass If there be no dislocation but only a hurt in the hip and that newly then take of Oyl de Bay of Dialthea of Nerve Oyl and of Swines grease of each half a pound melt them all together stirring them till they are throughly incorporated then anoint the Sorrance therewith against the hair every day once for fourteen days and that it may well sink in hold an hot bar of Iron over the place you anoint waving your hand to and fro and this will soon cure him Hough-Bonny Hough-Bonny is a round swelling growing on the very Elbow of the hoof and proceedeth from a bruise by beating his hoof against the post which standeth behind him or otherwise The remedy must be by taking a round Iron somewhat sharp at the end like a big Bodkin and let it be somewhat bending at the point then holding the sore with your left hand pulling it a little from the sinew pierce it with the Iron made red hot thrusting it beneath in the bottom and so upward into the jelly having thrust out all the jelly tent the hole with Flax dipt in Turpentine and Hogs-grease molten together and also anoint the outside with warm Hogs-grease doing this every day making the tent lesser and lesser till the Sorrance be cured Though this may be looked on as none of the meanest remedies for this distemper yet it comes far short of this following which frequently I have experimented successfully First take Hay boiled in old Urine and so bring the swelling to suppuration or discuss it if you can but if it comes to putrefaction then lance it in the lowest part of the swelling or softness with a thin hot Iron and so let out the matter then tent it with Turpentine Deers-suet and Wax of each a like quantity molten together and be sure that you lay a Plaister over of the same that you may keep in the Tent till it be perfectly cured Haltings of all sorts coming either by stroke strain or the like with their Cures For an Horse to halt is so common a thing that no Traveller but is very well acquainted with the trouble thereof if the malady be so well known there are few I think should be ignorant of the Cures which I shall orderly set down If the Halt proceed from stiffness of Sinews strain or stroke and that the malady lie in his leg then take Smallage Oxe-eye and Sheep-suet of each a quantity alike chop them all together and boil them all in man's Urine and bathe the whole leg therewith then with Hay-ropes wet in cold water rowl up his leg and you shall find him the next morning in a very good posture either to begin or continue his journey Another as good as the former Take Nerve-oil Oil de Bay and Aqua vitae mingle these together then warm it having so done take it and chafe it in upon and about the strain this will remove the pain If the grief be in the shoulder or hinder-leg then burn it upon the very joint by taking up the skin with a pair of Pincers and thrust the skin through with an hot Iron overthwart if you find this do him but little good then you may conclude his pain to be between the skin and the bone which then must be Roweled Another for a strain or swelling according to the practice of the most experienced Farriers now living Take a pint of the best Vinegar of sweet Butter four ounces and set them over the fire then with fine Wheat-bran make it into a Pultess over the fire and lay it as hot to the Sorrance as the Horse is able to endure it do thus morning and evening and it is excellent good to asswage any strain newly taken But if the strain be of some standing then take Mallows and Chickweed and boil them in strong Urine and so lay them very hot to the strain Now if your strain by length of time or abused by Medicines seem to the eye of all understanding men incurable the sinews and swelling being bony hard and knotted then take Piece-grease and melting it on the fire anoint and bathe the strain therewith very hot chafing it very much with your hand and afterwards holding a broad bar of Iron hot against it to make the Ointment the better sink in then with a fine linnen Rowler rowl up the leg softly continue thus doing once a day and there is no strain how great soever and desperate but it will remedy in a little time Helps for all Sores and Vlcers Old Sores or Ulcers have a threefold distinction the first are Fistula's being Sores which are deep hollow and crooked the second are Cankers this Sorrance is known by its shape which is broad and shallow and by its nature spreading and increasing the last are old Sores or Ulcers which are differenced from the two
one great broad sinew of three inches in breadth being of one single substance no other sinew having any derivation from it which not only holdeth the Shoulder-Blades together but covereth all the Chine over and this is commonly called Pax-wax Of all the principal Sinews appertaining to an Horse from whence an infinite number of small ones are derived there is in number thirty eight according to the opinion of such who have made frequent inspection into the Carkase of an Horse CHAP. XIV Of the Bones in an Horses body AS in an Horse so in an Oxe there are just one hundred and seventy bones which are number'd thus in the upper part of the head two bones from the forehead to the nose two his neather Jaws two twelve fore Teeth four Tushes twenty four Grinders seven bones from the Nape of the Neck to the points of the Spade-bones eight from thence to the Huckle-bones and thence to the Tail seven The great broad binder bone hath twelve joints in it then are there two Spade-bones and from the Forcels two Marrow-bones two Thigh-bones two Shank-bones and from thence downward into the Hoofs there are sixteen small bones In the Breast of the Horse there is a great bone whereunto are fastned thirty six Ribbs there are many more bones in all two hundred fifty seven of which you may come to the knowledge if you are so desirous by your own strict indagation and curious inspection or inquiry Before I enter on the cures of the several Distempers that attend an Horse which are more than belong to any other Beast especially the running Horse by reason of his violent exercise give me leave to inform you how you may know the age of any Horse CHAP. XV. The most experienced and most approved way to judge an Horses Age by his Teeth Hoofs Tayl Eyes Skin Hair and the Bars or Stairs in his mouth AS I told you before in the Chapter of an Horses bones an Horse hath twelve fore Teeth six above and six beneath twenty four Grinders and four Tushes which make in all forty Teeth His Foal Teeth for the first year are only Grinders without Tushes which are white small and bright the second year the four foremost Teeth change colour and appear more big and brown The third year the next Teeth unto these do change also and no Foal Teeth are visible before but two on each side above and as many below being both bright and small The fourth year he hath left but two Foal-Teeth one on each side above and below The fifth year his foremost Teeth will all change and then his Tushes will appear compleat and those which appear in the place of the last Foal-teeth cast will be hollow and have a little black speck in the middest and this is the mark so much talked on which continueth till after eight years old The sixth year beareth little difference to the fifth but in the seventh year his Teeth are at their perfect growth and the mark in the Horses mouth will then be plainest seen In the eight year the mark will in a manner disappear and vanish At the ninth year his foremost teeth will seem longer yellower and fowler than before and his Tushes very bluntish After this year you shall never certainly discern what age an Horse is by his Teeth wherefore you must apply your self to other helps as first observe whether the Horses Hoofs be rugged and seamed full dry and rusty he is then for certain stricken in age whereas if his hoofs are smooth moist and hollow he is undoubtedly young Secondly with your finger and your thumb take your Horse by the stern of the Tayl close at the setting on by his Buttock and if you find a joint sticking out more than any other joint about the bigness of an Hasel-nut then you may adjudge him about ten but if it be smooth in that place and no such thing be felt he may be eighteen years old for ought you know Thirdly mark if his eyes be round full and staring from his head and the pits filled even with the Temple it is a sign he is young if wrinkled under his eyes or about his brow he is then old Fourthly pull with your fore-finger and thumb his skin up if it return to its place smooth he is young if otherwise old Fifthly if the eye brows or main of a dark coloured Horse shall grow grissel he is very old Lastly if the bars in his mouth feel rough and hard and are great and deep then conclude him very old but if otherwise soft and tender there is no fear but that he is young and lusty And now we shall descend to the cure of diseases which are twofold internal and external we shall begin with the last and end with the first CHAP. XVI Of Diseases in Horses and their causes IT is not to be expected that any man should become a Farrier who shall not know First to what disease an Horse is most inclinable Secondly what are the causes of every disease in particular Thirdly how and by what means those diseases do accrew Fourthly the signs and symptoms how to know and distinguish them and Lastly the means and manner how to cure them I shall insist on every one of these in its due order Now first touching the diseases an Horse is most inclinable to they are suitable to the complexion or constitution of the Horse for example if the Horse be colured Mouse-Dun Chestnut Brown Soot colour or Iron-Gray his complexion then is melancholy participating more of earth than any other Element by which means he becomes dull heavy dogged restise faint-hearted c. and therefore most inclined to Inflammation in the Spleen siccity in the Liver to the Dropsie Frenzy and the like and so may you judge of other diseases by the other three Complexions already treated of in a foregoing Chapter Secondly we must consider what are the causes of every disease in particular where note that the causes of sickness are all unnatural effects and evil dispositions Of these causes there are two sorts external and internal External are such which afflict the outward parts of the body and the Internal the inward parts proceeding from ill diet evil humours obstructions c. Sickness it self is no more than an evil temperature and that is two fold either simple or compound simple when one quality is redundant as too cold too hot too moist too dry compound when more than one quality abound as too cold and too moist Some diseases are lingring and consume the body by degrees as Consumptions Glanders others short and presently mortal as soon as discovered as Yellows Anticor and Staggers Now some diseases again do occupy the whole body as Feavers Pestilence Convulsions and so forth others only some parts as Colds offend the head Surfeits the stomach Thirdly how and by what means do these accrew the means are inbred or accidental either coming from ill humours and
this bathe all his back with Red-Wine and Oyl of Roses mixt together or take Venice Turpentine washt clean and beat it well with half so much Sugar and then make round balls as big as Wall-nuts and give the Horse of these restringent pills five every morning till you have stopt the flux of his seed Sudden Sickness what to be done therein As soon as ever you perceive your Horse not well according to the signs aforementioned bleed him presently in both sides of the Neck to the quantity of two quarts and after that make this Drink for him Take of sweet Sack one quart and burn it with Grains Cloves and Cinnamon of each a like quantity having beaten them gross add to them three ounces of Sugar and when it is burned put thereunto half a pint of Sallet-oil and two ounces of London-Treacle warm all these and being well brewed together give it your Horse luke-warm to drink then ride him gently till you perceive he begins to sweat and so set him up well littered and cloathed making him to fast five hours or more somewhat after he is well rub'd down give him clean Wheat-straw with clean dry Oats some Wheat and Pease mixed therewith and let his Drink be a warm Mash Stavers or Staggers Though the names of this disease do seem to differ yet their natures are all one consisting of a dizziness in the head and near a kin to the Frenzie when it seizeth the Brain Several are the causes of this dangerous Distemper the common rise or original hereof is evil digestion and corrupted humours whose poisonous vapours do not only distract the head but distemper the whole body The Symptoms are very evident for his sight will so fail him that he will not be able to see a Post before him but run against it besides slavering at the mouth and running at the eyes with filth and matter often lying down and beating his head against the ground The Cure is to take the seeds of Cresses Poppy Smallage Parsley Dill take also Pepper and Saffron of each two drachms make them all into fine powder and put unto them of Barley-water two quarts as it cometh boiling from the fire and let it infuse therein 3 hours and then strain it and give him a quart thereof in the morning fasting then walk him an hour or more and set him up warm giving him Hay sprinkled with water and let him not drink cold water five or six days after but instead thereof give him a sweet Mash Sleeping Evil. This is a very strange disease in an Horse and is of the nature of a Lethargy infesting the bodies of Mankind and as the person thus afflicted will sleep continually having lost his memory quite so will the Horse get into a Corner and hang down his head to the very ground The Cure is somewhat difficult however thus you must do if you intend it First let him blood on both sides the Neck in the morning fasting also take some blood from the third stair in his mouth then take of Camomile and Mother-wort of each three handfuls cut small boil these in two quarts of running water half an hour and then give the Horse a pint once in two days fasting and give him the rest the third day fasting and four or five hours after give warm water and a Mash of ground Malt put into scalding hot water after it comes off the fire keep him warm all the time of his cure and you will do well to fume his head as you do in the Staggers Surfeits of all sorts Though in the Title I seem to treat generally of Surfeits yet I shall speak in particular and first of that inward dry Surfeit which causeth the Cods to swell either continually or betwixt whiles to the intent therefore that you may arrive at the Cure mind these following Instructions You must first purge your Horse after this manner Take an ounce of fine Aloes which glitters for that is the best then pulverize it or beat it to powder then take three ounces of fresh Butter mix these two well together and add thereunto so much Wheat-bran as is sufficient to make it into a Paste and make thereof five or six Balls then convey one of them as far into his mouth as you may that he may the better swallow it giving him an hornful of strong Ale to wash it down then give him a second a third a fourth and the fifth still interlining them with an hornful of Beer or Ale to wash them down after this ride him out for an hour gently then set him up warm keep him fasting six hours after he hath taken his Pills giving him some Hay at night and not before with warm water to drink and the like the next day But the third day after his purgation is over give him cold water and immediately after it two ounces of Honey and half a pint of white Wine a little warmed for that will make him stale clearing his Bladder and procuring an appetite then air him gently for an hour and an half doing thus morning and evening till he be well But if what you have given him do neither sharpen his stomach nor purge him then take three pints of stale Beer three ounces of course houshold bread mixing them together and setting them over the fire being well boil'd take it off and put therein a quarter of a pound of Honey and three ounces of fresh Butter give him these blood-warm and ride him moderately a mile afterwards then set him up warm and let him stand upon the Trench about two hours after it then give him a Mash of sodden Oats till they burst with warm water and Wheat-bran therein this in twice or thrice giving will procure him a stomach and render him laxative withal Now if his Cods be swell'd occasioned by this Surfeit as soon as his Purge hath done working take the charge of Sope and Brandy and with a stick dabb it on his Cods or other swelling proceeding from the same cause as it comes boiling from the fire do this but once and four days after ride him into a River against the stream so deep that he is ready to swim for near a quarter of an hour thus using him once or twice a day till you find his swelling abate If it be a dry Surfeit give the Purge first and afterwards the Cordial made of white Wine and Honey but if he run at Nostrils give him a Drink made of Anniseeds Turmerick Brandy Vinegar and Beer and three days after let him have the Purge in like manner do if his Grease be melted This aforementioned Purge and Cordial are not only good against any dry Surfeit but also for melted Grease set and dried in the body and legs swelled or when an Horse is Gaunt Gut-foundred and costive There is another sort of Surfeit which is moist hot and running that from the Body falls into either fore-legs hind-legs or sometimes into all
and Sope of each a like quantity and mix them together like a Paste then having cut out the over-reach and laid it plain first wash it with Urine and Salt and with a cloth dry it then bind on the mixt Sope and Salt not renewing it in twenty four hours thus do three days together the venom being drawn forth take a spoonful of Train-Oyl and as much white Lead and mix it to a thick Salve lay on a plaister hereof morning and evening till it be whole which will speedily be effected Canker in the Withers A Canker in the Withers often happens thus the Withers of an Horse having been violently wrung and afterwards for some time neglected though which means the violence of the Distemper breaketh upward yet most of the matter or corruption discending and rotting still downwards it will suddainly prove a cankerous and foul Ulcer and as full of danger as any Fistula what-ever The signs are very evident for the humour which issueth from the sore will be sharp hot and waterish corroding or fretting away the hair wherever it comes and the hole of the sore will be somewhat choaked with a kind of spongious dead flesh so that the gross matter will be somewhat obstructed in its passage The ancient Cure hereof was to take a keen Razor and cut open the hole of the Ulcer so that you may look into the cavity or profundity thereof and having cut out all the dead flesh from the quick then take a quart of stale Urine and add thereunto some Salt then boyl it well and having first cleansed the sore very well with a wisp of Hay then wash it with the Urine and Salt boiled together then take the yolks of four Egges and a penny worth of Verdigrease with a spoonful of flower and make a Plaister thereof applying it to the sore renewing it once a day till it be whole Casting of an Horse how to do it In the first place you must elect a convenient place such as is some soft green Swarth Dunghil not over moist or in a Barn upon good store of straw and having brought him to any of these places then take a double long rope and cast a knot a yard from the bought then put the bought about his Neck and the double rope betwixt his fore Legs and about his hinder Pasterns underneath his Fetlock then put the ends of the rope under the bought of his Neck and draw them quick and they will overthrow him then fasten the ends and hold down his head under which lay good store of straw Now if at any time you would brand your Horse in the buttock or do any thing about his hinder legs take up his contrary fore-leg and that will secure you from his striking Defence for Horses against Flies in the heat of Summer Your Horse-fly especially but there are other offensive Flies in heat of Summer which are a great trouble and perplexity to Horses stinging them in such manner that they will run themselves off their legs thinking to free themselves that way to prevent the biting of these Flies when he is at grass anoint his body all over with Oyl and Bayberries mingled together if in the stable take a Spunge dipped in strong Vinegar and bind it unto the head-stall of his Collar These are very good preservatives but there is nothing better both when he is abroad and at home than to take Rue and make it into a pretty big wisp and therewith rub the Horses body all over then take another wisp of the same and do the like till you think you have imbittered his coat sufficiently and then your own experience will find no fly will fasten upon him this hath been always tryed effectually Drying up of Humours If you would dry up stop or stay any flux of humours take Rozen Affalto and Myrrh of each an Ounce and dissolve them in Vinegar of red Wax half an Ounce and of Armoniack half an Ounce mingle them well together in the boyling and make thereof a Salve which you will find to be a great dryer a binder of loose members and a comforter of weak parts Or you may take Oyl or soft Grease beaten to a Salve with Vitriol Galls and Allom the powder of Pomegranats Salt and Vinegar this dries and binds sufficiently There are many forms of drying and binding which are published in all books of this nature wherefore referring you thither I shall only instance this one more and that is the Bark of a Willow Tree burnt to Ashes which I can assure you is as great a binder and dryer as any simple whatsoever Dangerous Sickness and how it cometh This dangerous sickness in general proceedeth from many and particular causes having each of them peculiar signs and therefore must have distinct remedies The causes may be ranked under these four heads first dangerous Maladies may proceed from heats occasioned by over much labour or exercise hence comes molten Grease the heart over-charged and its pores so obstructed that it cannot perform his function by which means the spirits are detrimented and the whole body put out of order and the signs hereof will be dulness of countenance swelling in his limbs scouring and loathing of his meat The second original cause of dangerous sickness are Colds from indiscreet keeping after violent exercise or otherwise and the symptoms of this are heavyness of countenance with sleepiness Pustuls inflamed Kernels and swellings a rotten inward Cough after which he cheweth some filthy phlegmatick matter between his teeth The third cause of dangerous sickness is surfeit by food either by over eating or under eating of that which is good or eating of what is unwholsome by the first all ill humours ascend into the head from which are bred the Stavers Phrenzies with other deadly diseases From the second proceeds the putrefaction of the blood converting all the nutriment into corruption hence come the Yellows Farcy Feavers Mange with other such like pestilential and loathsome Distempers The signs hereof are a dulness of the face and eyes in such sort as the Horse will be unable to lift up his head as high as the Manger his upper lip and sheath cold his pace staggering c. Lastly dangerous sickness may come accidentally as by receiving some desperate wound or hurt in some vital part whereupon nature being highly offended gives leave to many mortal diseases to seize the body of an Horse The general signs hereof are sweatings at the roots of the Ears in the Flanks and behind the shoulders his mouth will be dry and hot his tongue furred and lastly he will have a loathing to his meat Dangerous sickness how to cure The best way to cure dangerous sickness is to meet with it in the Bud before it hath got too great an head but send it packing before it be deeply rooted in an Horses body and to this end you must have a strict eye over your Horse frequently prying into his present condition if
twelve times together then add unto it half the quantity of the juice of Housleek and with this wash and bathe the Eye twice or thrice a day this is good for any infirmity whatsoever belonging to the Eyes Here followeth another Water not inferiour to the other Take a pint of Snow-water and dissolve therein four drachms of white Vitriol wash the Horses eyes herewith at least four times a day and the effects will be admirable Eye-bitten This frequently happens as Horses stand in the Stable one Horse biting the other where he can best or next fasten his teeth if so then it fall out that your Horse be Eye-bitten take a little Honey with a little grated Ginger mingle them together and put them into the Horses Eye with a feather three mornings together Ears Impostumated This disease proceeds from several causes either from some violent stroke about the Ears or Poll or else by being wrung too hard with a new hempen hard Halter sometimes by a cold in the head or by other ill humours which strive to get a vent or passage through the Ears The signs are apparent for the Ears will burn glow and swell besides the Horse will be very unwilling to be handled thereabout The Cure is thus Take Linseed and make it into fine powder then take Wheat-flower of each half a pint ordinary Honey one pint tried Hogs-grease one pound mix all these well and warm them on the fire continually stirring them then spread this Unguent upon a Linnen cloth or Leather the breadth of the swelling and lay it thereon very warm once in a day and a night renew it till it break or be so ripe as that it may be convenient to lance it which must be downwards that the corruption may have a more easie passage then heal it thus Take Mel Rosarum Sallet-oyl and ordinary Turpentine of each two ounces make these into a body then make a Night-cap to keep on the Plaister tent the sore to the bottom with this Ointment and make a Plaister thereof and lay it on the place grieved once a day you must lay on a fresh Plaister and tent anew till it be whole But if the Ears be only inflamed then take Oil of Roses Venice Turpentine and common Honey of each a like quantity mix them well together and making them blood-warm dip some black wool therein and stop the Ears therewith renewing it once a day and it will remove the Inflammation Foul and old Sores how to cleanse and mundifie This following Water hath been often tried and upon trial found to be be a most excellent cleansing and healing Water for all old and rotten Sores Take of green Coperas and of Salt-petre of each half a pound Bay Salt and Salt-gem of each three ounces Arsnick one Ounce powder all these finely and put them into a stillitory Glass the pot or bottom thereof well nealed adde thereunto one pint of the strongest White-Wine-Vinegar set the pot on the fire and put on the head closing it with Cute of Hermes and being thus placed in the Furnace make under it a strong fire for the space of five or six hours and with your Receptory take the first water that cometh after an hour the fire will be out of the water then stop up the Glass very close and preserve it for your use When you are to wash any sore with this water have a care that you do not let any fall upon either Vein or Sinew for it will burn them in twain but where Ulcers and foul old sores are in the flesh this water will work wonders Falling of the Fundament The falling of the Fundament is a Distemper proceeding most commonly from over much laxativeness and flux of blood who growing exceeding weak by the voiding thereof straineth to bring forth something and instead thereof the fundament cometh out sometimes it comes by Colds or mere Poverty Cure it thus take white Salt made into very fine powder strew a little upon the Gut then take a piece of Lard and first having boiled Mallow leaves till they be soft take of these leaves and beat them well with the Lard and when sufficiently beaten make it up in the fashion of a Suppository and apply it fresh to the place once a day Fetlock hurt The Fetlock may be hurt by casting the Horse with the double rope or sometimes by a bite of a Dog if by either of these this Sorrance happens take unslaked Lime and the Yolk of an Egge of each a like quantity beat them together to an Oyntment then mix therewith the juice of one head of Garlick and a little soot and anoint herewith the sore till it be almost well but skin it over thus take Sallet Oyl and Oyl of Roses of each one Ounce of Turpentine three Ounces and of new Wax one Ounce melt them well together and adde to them the fourth part of the powder of Verdigrease and herewith anoint the sore in few days it will skin over the sore and heal it Foundring in the feet if new a suddain Cure If your Horse be foundred in his feet but of no longer standing than seven or eight days with this following remedy you may restore his feet to their former soundness First let him blood in the Neck Breast and Spur-Veins taking from thence two quarts and receive it in a clean vessel and therewith make this ensuing charge Take the blood and put into it eight or nine new laid Egges shells and all and beat them well with the blood put to them of Bole-Armoniack pulverized very fine half a pound strong White-Wine-Vinegar one pint Sanguis Draconis three Ounces finely pulverized make this up thick with Wheat Meal with this charge his Back Reins Breasts Thighs Fetlocks and Soles and apply two cloths Plaisterwise to the Coffin of his hoofs and bind the forelegs above strait with broad filletting then ride him two hours upon an hard way if paved best of all then set him up This Foot-foundring in an Horse is a certain numbness pricking or tingling within his hoofs and I can compare it to no more proper thing than when any of us by cross sitting do cause our feet to be asleep as we say vulgarly during which time we are so disinabled from going that we cannot stand but with some difficulty so it fareth with an Horse the course of whose blood being stopped those obstructions cause that torment Several are the causes of this Malady briefly it comes sometimes by taking off his Saddle too suddainly after a great heat or by standing still in the cold unwalked or by standing in some shallow Water after he hath been ridden no higher than his Fetlock or by too strait and uneasie shooes Now though I have already prescribed a remedy for this foundring I cannot let this one more pass which for its excellency can hardly be valued and is good for all sorts of Foundrings new or old In the first place you must with a
them well together and wash the sore therewith and it will dissipate the swelling If the Garget be under the root of a Cows or Bullocks tongue there swelling causing his head and face to swell also frothy at mouth and forsaking his meat then must you cure him by first casting him so that by the fall he bruise not his body then with your hand pull out his tongue as far as you can and with the point of a Lancet or sharp Pen-knife slit down the middle Vein under his tongue about an Inch and from thence will issue black blood and water proceeding from the gall then with Salt and Vinegar mingled together wash or rub the place therewith and the Cure is wrought But if the Garget be in the Guts the signs will be like the former viz. running at the eyes slavering at the mouth c. and for the remedy take an Egg-shell filled full with Tar and put it down the Cows or Bullocks throat then take two handfuls of Salt and put it into a pint of Verjuice then with a Horn convey it down the throat of the beast then drive him to and fro till he dung and let four hours after be the time of his fasting Galled Back that cometh by the Saddle or Shackle For an Horse to have a Galled back is very common and hapneth so many several ways that it would not only be tedious but endless to describe them I shall therefore only insist upon the most material and that is either by the Sadle Pannel Pack saddle or Male-pillion which frequently injure the back of an Horse either by evil stuffing or want of stuff or the Tree may be so faulty that all the art of an ingenious Saddler shall not be able to correct the errour and that is when at first it is not rightly shaped or afterwards by accident either crack'd or broken You need not enquire after the signs for they are commonly visible as great swelling hair fretted off skin broken and the back raw with inflammation but if none of these symptoms appear and yet the Horses back is certainly wrung by the Saddle you may find it out by stroking your hand all along his back when the Saddle is off if hurt he will shake his head winch with his tail shake he will offer to strike or bite c. If you find that his back is swelled without impostumation clap on the swelling some of his wet Litter and setting on his Saddle again so let him remain with his Saddle on all night and by the next morning his swelling will be so abated as not to be discerned If the hair be only galled off and the place be not impostumated then only anoint the part with a little Butter and Salt melted together and you need dress him but twice to make it perfectly whole But if the Back be so galled that not only the hair is fretted off but the skin too and the place appears palpably raw then take three parts of new Sheeps-dung and one part of Wheat-flower and mingle them well together kneading into paste and flatting it bake it a little then take some of the powder hereof warm and lay it to the place this is a speedy Cure Now if your Horse be galled by Lock Cord or Shackle then believe me this is a sovereign remedy Take of live Honey seven spoonfuls of Verdegriese half an ounce and boil them together till the Honey be half consumed and that it become red then put it into some clean pot and anoint the Sorrance therewith made warm twice every day and when you have anointed the place cast thereon hurds cut very short to keep on the Ointment and this will heal it speedily Next to this we must consider an Horses back that is so galled that it is withal so inflamed that there is no expectation but that much impostumation will follow before it be cured then you may do well to take Barm and so much Soot as will thicken it not so thick as Paste but somewhat fluid like Tar and therewith make a Plaister and lay it to the Sorrance Now besides what is already spoken of there are many more things which will cure a Galled back as the powder of Briar leaves well dryed the Powder of Honey and unslak'd Lime the powder of wild Cowcumbers dried in an oven will effect this cure so that the Sorrance be first washed in Vinegar the bone of a Crab-fish pulverized or the powder of Oister-shells will do the like but that which may serve instead of all the rest is Take Hay and boil it in strong Urine and lay it to the swelled place and it will asswage the pain and bring it to suppuration then lance it and let out the corruption then stop the Orifice with Rozin Wax and fresh Grease all molten together but if you perceive that dead flesh grow within the sore then eat it out with Verdigrease pulverized or Precipitate strowing thereof on the proud flesh when that is effected the powder of Rozin is sufficient to dry it up perfectly Gigs Gigs are Bladders are small soft swellings with black heads afflicting the inside of the Horses lips immediately under his great Jaw-teeth they will sometimes grow very big about the size almost of a Pidgeons Egg and then will prove so painful that the poor Beast is forced to let the meat drop out of his mouth or else he will not be capable of chewing it so that by consequence he cannot be in a condition of thriving their common Original is from eating either too much grass or else proceeding from prickly hay or provender when you feel them as easily you may then slit them with an Incision-knife and having thrust out the corruption wash the sore places with Alom-water or burn the swellings with a small hot Iron and then wash them with Beer and Salt which will instantly heal them Grief in the Withers The Wither of an Horse as well as his back are subject to very many Sorrances proceeding from causes both internal and external the first from corrupt and putrified humours the second from galling pinching wringing c. The old Practitioners of this Art were wont as soon as ever they espied any swelling on the Horses back or Withers especially if it were great to pierce it in several places with an hot Iron and then tent it with linnen cloth dipt in Sallet-oil warmed and afterwards they dried and healed it up with powder of Honey and Lime mixt together Those of later experience rather chose to lay wet Hay thereunto for that will either drive it away or ripen it and being broken they then applied a Plaister of Wine-lees renewing it as often as it grew dry But by reason I have already treated at large of a galled Back it will be a Tautology to discourse further of the griefs appertaining to the Withers of an Horse General Scab or Leprosie This general Maunge or Leprosie diffuseth it self over all the body
Corrupt blood rank feeding or over-heating do cause this Maunge in the Tail yet not always for sometimes it is occasioned by Truncheon-worms in the Fundament which are bred there in the Spring which will cause them frequently to rub their Tails in this case you need do no more than anoint your hand with Butter or Soap and pull out the Worms and the cure is effected But if you find the Tail grow bare by reason of shedding the Hair which is occasioned by some small worms which grow at the root thereof or otherwise by some small fretting Scab then anoint his Tail throughout with Soap and after wash it with strong Lye this will both cleanse him from the Scab and kill the Worms Sometimes there will grow a Canker in the Tail which by degrees will eat not only the flesh but seize on the bone so that it shall drop joint by joint against this Malady you must take this course Take of green Copperas and Alom of each two pound of white Copperas half a pound boil these in five quarts of running water in a strong earthen pot till one half be consumed then with a little of this water luke-warm wash his Tail every day once with a little Flax bound to a stick and it will quickly be well Interfering Interfering or Enterfering signify both one and the same thing this infirmity comes sometimes naturally the pace being very strait or sometimes by broad shooing so that in his going he heweth one leg against the other whence come hard scabs and very mattery sore causing the Horse to halt down-right The Cure is thus Take of May-butter or fresh Grease and mingle it with Nerve-oil and Turpentine fry these in a pan and then add Cow-dung and apply it Plaister-wise You need not trouble your self about the cure hereof if your prudence and discretion would look after his shooing so that he might go so wide as not to touch However if you will play the Horse-courser you may take a sharp and knotted Cord and draw it from his Dock between his legs to the Girths and so ride him Joints grieved with any Ach Numness Weakness or Swelling whatsoever which proceedeth from a cold Cause The causes of this Ach Numness and Swelling are either a strain or a cold taken by violent exercise labour or immoderate riding The Signs or Symptoms are so visible to the Eye they need no description The Cure is Take Aqua vitae and warm it on the fire then take it and bathe the part grieved and rub it very well holding before it a broad flat hot Iron which will cause the spirit to sink in the better then take a ragg or piece of Flax and dip it in the Aqua vitae then take Pepper and having beaten it well fierce it in a fine fierce and lay it on the rag or flax and bind it to the grieved member then swathe it well with a Linnen Rowler do thus once a day and this will soon recover him There are others who take Acopum and mingle it with sweet Sack and therewith rub and chafe the grieved joint this is an excellent Medicine though not altogether so good as the former Increase of an Hoof lost or torn by some accident If your Horse hath lost his Hoof or if it be any ways impaired then take the Oil of Hemp-seed of Wax of Venice Turpentine Rozin Pitch Bay-seeds dried and powdred of each half a pound Roch-alom two ounces incorporate these well together and let them seeth over a soft fire having thus boiled some little space take it off and strain it through an hair cloth thus you may preserve it till you have occasion to make use thereof Once or twice a day take of this Unguent and anoint the Hoofs of your Horse and this will make them grow exceedingly and so sound as that hereafter they will not prove brittle Knots or Knobs how to remove If you perceive that your Horse hath growing on any part of his body any unnatural Knot or Knob which by Artists are called Excretions caused by putrified blood or by wounds not well healed which Excretions are not only perspicuous to the Eye but plainly felt by the hand I say in such a case you must endeavour to remove them with all expedition which may be done thus Take an Incision-Knife and scarifie those Excretions then lay thereon Coloquintida burned and sifted having eaten away this Knob or Knot then heal it up with some drying Medicines as Honey Lime or Bole armoniack Or take the strongest sort of Aegyptiacum and with Cotton lay it thereon and in four or five times doing it will utterly destroy or eat away the Excretion Kernels under an Horses throat how to discuss suddenly safely and with little Expence In the first place you must take a lighted Candle and therewith sear the Kernels then take Butter it matters not whether fresh or salt and lay a piece thereof on a red cloth and rub it well in therewith and in less than fourteen dayes the Knots will vanish and if the Nose run by reason of them it will stop as soon as they are gone During the Cure if it be in Winter he must be kept warm in the Stable otherwise he may run at grass but neglect not to anoint his Knobs or Kernels once a day at least Or you may take Soap and mingle it with Brandy-wine and having a red hot Iron in readiness hold it somewhat near the part as you apply the Soap and Brandy-wine to make it sink in the better this Medicine will suddenly bring them down or break them Now if your aforesaid Knobs be of a long standing and be extremely hard then in this manner you must work the Cure Take an ounce and an half of the Oil of Turpentine and joyn thereto the like quantity of strong Beer put these into a glass and so shake them that they be well mingled together with this bathe the Knob clapping it in well with your hand and using an hot Iron to make it sink in the more four days after apply the charge of Soap and Brandy-wine Five or six days after you may ride him whither you please Knees broken of a long standing perfectly cured If your Horse have old broken Knees much swelled and hard and have been a good while healed up only take the Oil of Worms and anoint the places grieved for this is a great mollifier of any hard and bony part if this answer not your expectation then may you use the aforesaid Remedy which I prescribed for hard Knobs of a long continuance Legs that are swelled how to cure As to the swelling of an Horse's Legs you must consider whether it be before or behind if in his forelegs then the cause hereof was some over violent labour by reason he was fat and the Grease which was melted fell down in his forelegs which had it staid within and not fallen outwardly would have ingendered an Anticor or some other
cured Take Rock Allom and burn it in a fire-pan then take as much Bay Salt and burn that too having so done beat them to a very fine powder then take of common Honey and sweet Butter of each a quantity alike and work all these into a body bring it thus into a salve and not by the help of fire When you intend to use it let it be either plaisterwise or Tentwise or both ways according as occasion shall require this will not only heal any sore very perfectly but will also eat away any dead or proud flesh Poll-Evil in the Neck The Poll-evil is so called from its breeding in the Poll behind the Ears it is a great Swelling or apostumated Inflammation and to say the truth let men give it what appellation they please it is more than a Fistula in Grain or formal The Causes of this Pole-evil are several as first from the Horses struggling in a new hard hempen halter or from a blow given behind the ears by reason of which bruise the flesh festering and becoming inflamed this loathsome Sorrance hath its original many times bilious and malignant humours invading that place do cause it The Signs are a tumour with Inflammation where note that the putrefaction is greater within than without and therefore you must timely think of letting out the corruption before it happen to break of it self As to the cure you must lay unto the swoln place whatever is mollifying and will ripen it as for example take Hogs grease and lay thereunto as hot as may be or else take Loam of a Mud wall in which there is no Lime by how much the older it is the better boil hereof what you think sufficient in the strongest White-Wine-Vinegar and let it boil to a Pultess and apply this very hot to the swelling renewing it twice a day till you have brought the swelling to suppuration that it is fit to be laid open then look where it is softest and with a Copper round instrument for that is better than any Iron as big as a mans little finger and sharp at the end and being hot thrust it in two inches beneath the soft place so that the point of your cauterizing instrument may come out at the ripest place by this means the corruption will descend downward at the neather hole which you must keep open for the better issuing of the aforesaid matter to that end tent it with Flax dipt in Hogs grease warm laying thereto a Plaister also of Hogs grease upon the same renew this every day once for five days together at the expiration of which time take half a pound of Turpentine very cleanly washed in several waters which when throughly dryed mingle therewith the Yolks of three Egges and a little Saffron Now take your probe and search the bottom of the wound then make a Tent with a piece of dry Sponge never dipt in water so long as near upon to reach the bottom and so thick as it may fill up the cavity but before you put it in dip it in the afore specified Ointment after this lay on a Plaister of Hogs grease made indifferent warm changing your old Plaister for a fresh till you have perfected the cure Or thus you may do first ripen the swelling then open it and cleanse it well from its matter and corruption then apply Hogs grease to extract the fire your Cauterizing Iron hath left behind it then heal it after this manner Take of Hogs grease the quantity of a Tennis-ball Brimstone beaten into the fine powder with an ounce of Quick-silver very well killed and so mingle these together that you have made them into an Ointment and anoint the swelling herewith having so done take a penny worth of red Tar the reddest is the best of Hogs grease half a pound of green Copperas and Bay Salt of each an handful and pulverize them then boil these exceeding well and as it comes scalding hot off the fire dip therein a clout fastned at the end of a stick and anoint or scald the sore four mornings together for this scalding kills the Fistula so that its future and further progress is absolutely hindered after this you need only but to warm the Tar and apply it to the place and the Cure is consummated Now there are some Farriers which cure the Poll-evil only by first opening the sore with an hot cauterizing Iron then taking red Lead and black Soap mingle them with water till they are thick and so tent the Horse therewith till he be whole But the best Remedy I have met withal as a general Cure for any Pole-evil whatsoever is first shave off the hair from the part that is swoln then lay thereon a Plaister of black Shoomakers-wax spred upon white Alom'd Leather letting it lie thereon till it have broken the Impostume then take better than a pint of strong white Wine-vinegar and when it is about to boil put therein as much Lome of a Mud-wall straws and all as will thicken it into a Poultess applying this to the Sorrance as hot as the Horse can suffer it and by renewing it once a day in a little time the Impostume will be whole Pole-evil in the Head There is little difference between the Pole-evil in the Neck and the Pole-evil in the Head only there is a discrepancy as to their place the Causes and Symptoms of this distemper are much alike As to the Cure of the Pole-evil in the Head take this method As soon as you perceive a swelling take presently half an ounce of the oyl of Turpentine and anoint therewith the part grieved and that it may the better sink in chafe it very well with your hand and so let it alone for four days in which time you will perceive the skin to shrink up seeing the swelling thus begin to abate and come down then take of Burgundy-pitch and black Pitch of each an ounce and an half and with a slice daub or spread it over the swelling in his forehead but first you must melt them in a Pipkin with an ounce of Mastich having so done take flocks and lay them on thick upon the place anointed and so let them lie till they fall off which most usually will be about three weeks now when the Plaister falls off if you see no venom nor swelling remaining you may conclude you have done your work but if the impostumation remain unbroken then lance it and cut out what dead flesh you find therein filling the cavity with Flax to dry up the blood and putrefaction suffering it to remain in that condition seven or eight hours then take it out and lay thereon some of that generally known Receipt for a Canker in the Head dressing it once a day if you make an hole at the edge of the swelling below it will heal much the sooner still when you take off your Plaister mark by looking on the top of the Pole-evil how far the proud flesh reacheth which will
French for its cure it is thus effected There is an Herb which goeth by three or four names viz. Emanuel All-good Bonus Henricus or good King Henry take of the roots hereof and boil them in water and give him a Drench hereof blood warm in an horn this will remove the Red water and then you may cure the old Ulcer as you are prescribed in the Section of Fistulas Repercussive Medicaments Repercussive Medicines are such as repel or drive back evil and malignant humours Farriers call them Plaisters Defensative these are to be used in great wounds or Ulcers the best Repercussives are Vinegar Salt and Bole Armoniack beaten together and spread round about the Sore or else white Lead and Sallet Oyl beaten together or Red Lead and Sallet Oyl or else Vnguentum Album Camphoratum with a many more your own experience will indagate and discover Ring bone A Ring bone is at first a certain slimy humour and viscous which resorting to the bones of their own nature cold and dry cleave thereunto and become hard gristly nay absolutely bony its scituation is ever upon the Cronet of the hoof The causes hereof are twofold either natural or accidental naturally when either the Mare or Stallion have it from whom the Colt proceedeth and though I never saw a Colt bring a Ring-bone into the World with it yet Mr. Markham avoucheth he hath seen many Foals foaled with Ring bones on the feet wherefore I shall advise you not to breed upon any such Stallion or Mare that either have had or have this Malady Accidentally this happens several ways first by some blow or stroak on the foot or else from some evil humour descending and setling upon the Cronet The Symptoms hereof are apparent to the eye the Cronet of the hoof will be much swoln especially that part which is next adjoining unto the lower part of the Pastern the hair thereabout will grow bristly and stare and the Horse will go lame The Cures are several but I shall prescribe you none here but what have been many times experimented with welcome success First scarifie the skin above the Ring bone with a Lancet then take a great Onion and pick out the Core then take Verdigrease and unfleckt Lime and put them therein then cover up the hole and in hot embers roast it till it be soft then take it and bruise it well and being very hot lay it to the sorrance do thus five days together you will not miss of a cure Another way to cure it First cast your Horse or tye up his contrary leg with a strong rope till you strike five or six holes in the Ring bone at the very edge of it let the holes be equally distant from each other then take Arsnick and upon the top of your Fleim put some thereof into every hole then bind up his foot for a night and a day But that which Esq Grey prescribeth as infallible is this take unfleckt Lime newly taken from the Kill well burned which you may know by its lightness pulverize this Lime and lay it thick upon the place swelled with a linnen cloth bound about it to keep it on then let him stand in cold water an indifferent while then taking him forth unbind the foot and he is certainly cured for the burning of the Lime doth kill the Ring bone even to the very root thereof this is a truth throughly experimented Rats tails how to cure Take green Vitriol half a pound and boil it in a pint of running water with Alom Mustard Sage and Hysop the night before you apply this anoint the sores made raw with strong Mustard the next day wash them with the water afore specified and it is a cure Rowels how to put them in whether French or English If you are to place a Rowel in the breast make it lean to that part of the shoulder which is grieved then take a Lancet and only cut the skin through not cross but down right then put in your finger between the skin and the flesh raising the skin from the flesh round about the Orifice the breadth of a Tester then take a piece of the upper leather of a shooe and cut it round with an hole in the middle then put a Needle and Thread through it then take a quill and put one end into the Orifice of his breast upwards and so blow in the Wind having blown it three or four times run the Needle and Thread once through the Rowel and once through the skin and draw the Rowel into the cut when you have thus placed the Rowel in the cut with the hole of the Rowel right against the hole in the skin of the breast so that it may not move then with your Needle and thread run a stitch or two overthwart the cut to keep in the Rowel when you have thus done anoint it with Butter and so let it stand five or six days this is the best method can be prescribed Saddle bruised or Swellings on the Back You must first take some wet Hay but rotten Litter is better and lay it on the swelling this will make it soft very quickly then with a Lancet let out the putrefied matter and let the cavity be filled with the powder of Rozen then lay on a Plaister of Shoomakers Wax and it is a Cure Swift cut Take a pint of White-Wine and put to it three spoonfuls of Honey stir these and boil them to a Salve then take it from the fire and put to it half so much Turpentine as there was Honey stir these all together with this Salve anoint the Sorrance twice a day and it will heal it quickly Stanching of blood Some ignorant Farriers have let an Horse blood when the sign hath been in that place from whence he hath taken blood by which means there hath followed so great an efflux of blood that by reason it could not be stopped it hath indangered the Horses life Wherefore if any such thing should happen by this ignorance aforesaid or by wounds or any other accident take presently some new Horse dung and temper it with Chalk and Vinegar and lay it to the wound letting it remain there three days or else lay thereunto wild Tansie bruised Sage bruised bruised Hysop or hot Hogs dung but if these fail this will not take of the soft Down of Hare or Conies skin and stop the bleeding place therewith holding it to with your hand first a pretty while if it be to a great wound then spread over it a Plaister of Vinegar and Bole Armoniack incorporated together Slaves very good for the healing all sorts of Sores and Wounds I shall here of some hundred sorts of Salves only insert three or four which I have found the best of any I have tried in above 45 years practice 1. Take of the buds or tenderest tops of Elder-leaves one handful first shred then pound them in a Stone-mortar very well till you bring them to a
or impertinent if I insist upon this Sorrance called the Scratches a Sorrance which ingendreth about the heel and Pastern joint being long scabby and dry chaps or rifts growing overthwart on the hinder legs just from the Fetlock to the end of the Curb now this Sorrance may grow upon all the fore legs but is very unusual the hindmost being the seat of this distemper The Causes are either dry melancholy humours ingendred by outward filth or else by the fumes of Horses dung lying too near him The signs are very visible to the sight and easily to be felt besides the hair will stare divide and curle and the sorrance will be noisome to the scent For the cure hereof any of those Medicines afore prescribed against the Pains or Mules are good for the Scratches yet for the better effecting the sound healing and curing this Malady take what followeth which are more proper for this Sorrance First rub the Sorrance till it bleed and be raw then take Hogs grease and black Soap of each half a pound and boil these together then take of Brimstone Lime and Gunpowder of each three Ounces beat these into fine powder and put therein adding as much Soot as will thicken it incorporate these well together and make a black Ointment and therewith anoint the Sores dayly If the Scratches are held incurable then first bleed him in the Shackle Veins Spur Veins and fore Toe Veins intermitting three days between the bleeding of one Toe and the other having so done make the Sores raw as before then take a quart of old Urine and a quart of strong Brine and put to them eight Ounces of Alom boil these to a quart whilst very hot wash the Sores therewith then take the sperm of Frogs and put it into an Earthen pot in six or seven days it will look like Oil wherein you will see little round things take both one and the other and spread it on a cloth binding it to the Sores do this pretty often and it will cause a cure For ordinary Scratches take a penny worth of Verdigrease a penny worth of Red Lead and the like quantity of Soap mix these together and apply it like a Plaister letting it lye three days and three nights but you must observe to cut the hair close and make the Sore raw Or first shave the hair away and with an Hair cloth rub the Sore till it be raw then wash it well with warm stale Urine then take black Soap Mustard and Vinegar of each an equal quantity mingling therewith some of an Oxe-gall stir these together and when wrought into a body rub the place therewith and bind thereto a cloth so doing once a day till it be whole I shall only recite two Medicines more and I have done which Receipts are the best I have met with in my life time The first is take a quart of white wine Vinegar and put therein two ounces of the strongest Brazeel Tobacco in the rowl opening the leaves and shredding it in small boil these together till you find the Vinegar beginneth to consume then take it off and strain it very well then take a quart of Wine more common Honey and Bay-Salt of each two Spoonfuls of Roch Alom the quantity of a Pullets Egge Red Sage Rue Honey suckle leaves Yarrow Plantain Ribwort and Bramble leaves of each an equal quantity one handful or thereabout boil these in the Wine till one half be consumed then strain these also then set it over the fire again and let it boil a little space then take it off and cool it when you have so done keep it close stopped in a glass for your future use you must wash herewith the Sorrance and then put upon it the powder of burnt Alom This is an excellent remedy for the Scratches neither doth this ensuing come much short thereof About the beginning of the Month of March you shall frequently find the Spawn of Toads in Ditches and standing Pools take hereof draining the Water from the said Spawn after this distil it and keep it in a Glass close stopped and it will be serviceable to you the whole year round when you use it warm it and therewith wash the Sorrance and it will in a very short time cure it Surbating of Horses Those Horses which are most subject to this Malady are such as have either great round feet or such as are flat footed the Coffins whereof being very weak and tender Now Surbating proceedeth from two several causes the first is when the Horse is but newly backt and shod the owner by his indiscretion and impatience immediately rides him a long journey now his feet being but tender and too soon exposed to hard and stony ways the Horse becomes surbated The second cause is when an Horse hath naturally bad feet or that he is ill shod his shooes either lying too flat too narrow too short and too much worn or sometimes by going too long bare foot The signs are the Horse will halt much going creeping and stiff if he got his grief by travail when standing in the stable he will always be removing his feet not knowing where to place them by reason of their great soreness this will cause him to lye down much for his standing will be exceeding painful and if you feel the Coffins of his hoofs you will find them very dry and burn much There are several ways to cure Surbating some take off the Horses shooes and pare him a very little then they see whether the shooes be not long large and hollow enough if they be not so they make them so for otherwise they will never be easie then tack them on again and when they have so done they take Hogs grease and Bran boiled together and being very hot they stop his feet therewith covering the Coffin round about therewith binding all in together with a cloth and a list fastned about the joint renewing it once a day till it be sound observing to let him stand dry and that he drink warm water during the cure If your Horse surbat or solebat by going without shooes then first pare him pretty close towards the Toe then with the point of a Pen-knife cut a little hole through the bottom of the hoof about half an Inch from the Toes end right over the Vein and let the Vein bleed a quarter of a pint then set on his shooes indifferent hollow within the feet then boil Tar Tallow and Turpentine together and pour it into the surbated foot scalding hot and stuff in Wool after it to keep it in once or twice at the farthest so doing will perfectly cure him If he surbate in his journey so that you fear he will not perform it as soon as you perceive it get him to his Inne with what convenient speed you may then take two new laid Egges and having first well picked his fore feet break them raw into the Soles and then stop them up with Oxe or
the Horse's Legs and from hence have been vainly intitled the thorough-splint and thence concluding it incurable Now to confute the ignorance of such and for the better information of the Reader 's judgment be pleased to take notice that the Shin bone is hollow and filled with Marrow so that there can nothing grow through it but it must of necessity destroy the Marrow and so by consequence the bone can no longer hold but must presently break in sunder considering that so weak a spongy substance as a Splint shall possess the whole strength of the Leg I hope what is here expressed will convince every knowing person of this gross and ridiculous vulgar Errour Now since the Screw is made appear to be the same with the Splint certainly the Cure must also be the same wherefore I refer you to the foregoing Section of the Splint and its Remedies Shackle-gall The Shackle-gall or Gall in the Pastern on the Heel or upon the Cronet is often seen in those Countries which are Champain as Dorset-shire Wilt-shire c. and where Horses are much used to the Teather or this Malady may happen by the Shackle-lock In this case you must take Verdigriese and Honey of each an equal quantity and boil them together till a moity be consumed at which time or thereabout this composition will look red then take it off the fire and set it a cooling after that take herof and anoint the sore every day twice strowing thereon some flox that are chopt to keep on the Salve continue thus doing till it be whole this Medicine is most sovereign for the Shackle-gall but principally good for the Scratches Suppositories of all sorts with their uses There are certain malignant humours in the body of an Horse which the strength of Nature cannot expel and therefore must be discharged three several ways by Art either by Potion Clyster or Suppository of the two first I have already succinctly discoursed and therefore I shall only treat of the last which is a Suppository and this Suppository is no more than an Handmaid or Preparative to a Clyster for although the nature of a Clyster is to open yet can it not perform its office many times by reason of the hardness of the Excrements by reason of a dry hot and costive constitution and therefore to soften the Guts there ought to be as a forerunner the application of a Suppository before either Potion or Clyster be administred Thus as we have related the Nature and use of Suppositories so in the next place it will be requisite to give you some Receipts in the due forming and composing any Suppository The first and most gentle of all Suppositories is this Take a great Candle of four to the pound and cut it into twain then take the lower or bigger part and anoint it with fresh Butter and so thrust it into his Fundament as soon as you have so convey'd it hold his Tail to his Tuel three quarters of an hour by which time the Candle will be melted after this let loose his Tail and ride him presently I mean trot him up and down till he begin to evacuate thus by exercising him after the administration of the Suppository you will cause it to work the more kindly But if so be your Horses constitution be so weakned and debilitated that you durst not give him any purging Medicament then take of Salt-Nitre three ounces of Honey half a pound of Wheat-flower Anniseeds finely powdered of each two ounces boil these together to a consistency and make it into Suppositories and convey one of them at a time into the body of the Horse as you were before directed giving him the same manner of exercise If you would purge Phlegm this is a most singular and approved way Take a piece of Castle-soap and with your knife shape it into the usual form of a Suppository and apply it according to the former directions Now since I have spoken of the Purgation of Phlegm give me lieve to proceed in my giving instructions by such like means how to correct the malignity or redundancy of the other three humours or Constitutions And first as for Choler use this Suppository take of Saven an indifferent quantity of Stavesaker and Salt of each two ounces Stamp these well together and boil them in so much Honey as may make them of that thickness fit for the composition of Suppositories and at your pleasure apply them as before For Melancholy you may only take an angry red Onion and having pilled and jagged it cross-wise with your knife thrust it into his Fundament using him in the same manner as before prescribed Lastly if your Horse's body be over-heated by superfluity of blood then take a pint of ordinary Honey and boil it so thick as it is fit to be made into Suppositories this will so refrigerate and cool his body that it will reduce it into an orderly temper Observe that in your administration of all Suppositories Clysters or Potions you choose the morning fasting for that work that he drink no cold water but warm Mashes and lastly that your Horse be raked before administration of such like Purgation The Tongue of an Horse hurt how cured It is impossible to describe how many ways the Tongue of an Horse may become hurt and detrimented the usual causes are an Halter or being fiery or head strong by holding a stiff Rein on a Bit. The common cure is to take the juice of Celandine and though the Tongue be cut half way through yet if you wash it therewith ten or eleven days it will perfectly heal it for this Celandine conglutinates after a wonderful manner and will cement the lips of a wound especially in the Tongue very speedily Or you may use this remedy which I was taught by a very ancient French Farrier and one that was highly esteemed for his skill in the Reign of King Charles the first of ever blessed memory it is thus take an ounce of Arman and rost it till it be red hot then take it and pulverize it very finely having so done take six spoonfuls of life Honey of White-Wine one quart take the powder and mix them together then set it over the fire and all the while it is boiling be sure to stir it well then take it off and cool it and wash the Tongue therewith twice a day Theriacum or Unguentum Theriacum how to make it with a character of its Virtues and uses This is an Ointment so soveraign that I know not what is better for any ach in the joints griefs in the Hip Stifling place Legs Shoulders Pastern or any other part of the Leg whereby the Horse is compelled to go lame only you must except the back Sinew strain the way of making this Vnguentum Theriacum is thus Take of Nerve Oil of Oil of Pamphilion and of black Soap of each four Ounces of tried Hogs grease one pound melt these then adde thereunto a groats worth
Impostumation then your best way will be to take three great Onions and taking out the Cores put in the room of them some Bay-salt and a little Saffron and so roast them in hot Embers and being hot lay them Plaister-wise to the Wound laying on fresh every day till you have healed the Wound If you find there be too great a resort and conflux of humours to the Wound you would heal with all convenient speed then take two pints of Tartar and put therein the quantity of an Egg of Bole-armoniack an handful of Bay-salt an handful of great Bur-dock-leaves or the roots wash the swelled places round about every day and this will divert the humours and facilitate the Cure This is another most excellent Defensive which will repell those humours that hinders the healing of the Wound Take a pint of Verjuice and infuse therein three penniworth of Camphire cut very small boil them together near half an hour you may double or treble the quantity and when it is cold preserve it for your use wash the Wound with this daily If the upper skin of the wound be putrified and you would have it removed then take a Plaister of Cow-dung boiled in milk and lay it to the Wound and in a day and a night it will not leave any thing vile or superfluous about the Wound If an Horse hath received a Wound about the Belly so that the flesh is very much rent then take a pint of white Wine-vinegar the sharpest that is to be gotten and boil in it a quarter of a pound of Bole-armoniack having boiled a little while take it off and then put therein a small quantity of fresh Butter and bathe the place grieved once in two days If your Horse be staked or wounded with a Fork first wash the Wound very well with Butter melted and some Vinegar mixt therewith then take a Clout tied to a stick and dipt in Linseed-oil and run to the bottom of the Wound anoint it well and in a little time this alone will cure it if perchance the wind should get into it so as to make it swell then anoint the swelling with the Oil of Populeon To conclude take some general Receipts for the Cure of all sorts of Wounds whatsoever according to the practice and experience of ancient and modern Farriers For the Cure of any Wound whatsoever take four Ounces of Butter Tar and black Soap of each two ounces with a little Turpentine boil all these together excepting the Soap only which you must put in after the rest are off the fire with this Ointment dress any Cut whatever Another Take Wormwood Marjoram Pimpernel Calamint Olibanum and beat them all into fine powder then take Wax and Barrows-grease and boil them on a soft fire to an Ointment and with this dress the Wound Another This I shall commend to you from my own experience Take Turpentine Honey Hogs-grease Wax and Sheep-suet of each an equal quantity melt them well together till they become a Salve but if the Horse be staked as I said before then cast him and pour into his Wound Butter scalding hot letting him lie so long till you know it is gone down into the bottom of the wound and do this once a day If you would keep a Wound open you need do no more than put in the powder of green Copperas but if you would make a speedy Cure of it then take Wheat-flower and Honey well beaten together to a Salve and that will do it observing to dress the Wound once a day therewith Wind-galls The Wind-gall is a little Bladder full of corrupt jelly growing on each side of the Master-sinew of the Leg a little above the Pastern these Bladders being not always of one size nor of equal number in the Summer time when the Weather is hot and the ways by the heat of the Sun adusted these Wind-galls do so afflict Horses that they are not able to go without halting and perform their journey with much dolour and pain The Causes whence they proceed are excessive labour and pains taking in the heat of Summer causing the dissolution of some humours to flow into the concav'd places about the nether joints and there they settle and congeal being only covered over with a thin skin like a Bladder For the Cure take this Balm which you must make thus Take half a pound of the best Piece-grease and having melted it take it off and put it into three ounces of the Oil of Spike and one ounce of the Oil of Origanum incorporate these together and preserve it in a Gallipot for your use When you have occasion to make use hereof make it very hot and rub the Sorrance therewith chafing it in with Elbow-grease and to help your pains taking hold a bar of hot Iron before the part do thus but once in two days though you may rub with your hand the part twice a day Another excellent Receipt for the same First heat the Wind-gall with an hot Pressing-iron then with your Fleim vent it in several places then take half a spoonful of Nerve-oil a spoonful of Salt a penny weight of Verdi-griese and the White of an Egg beat all to a Salve and dipping Flax therein apply it to the grief In former times Farriers were wont to take a Knife and open it to the length of a Bean piercing no further than through the skin that thereby they might thrust out the Jelly which is like the White of an Egg then take the Yolk of an Egg and as much Oil de Bay as may equalize a French Nut and by mixing them make a Plaister and apply it to the Sore the Cure is effected in three or four days Those in our later times take up the Master-vein on the inside of his Legs suffering him to bleed only from below then having put up the Vein cover all his Leg over with a Plaister of Wine-lees and Wheat-flower mingled together and rowl it with a long Rowler dressing him thus once a day Others take the roots of Cummin and beat them well with Salt and lay that to the Wind-gall Or take an ounce of white Wax and the like quantity of Rozin two ounces of raw Honey three ounces of Swines-grease two ounces of the Oil of Yolks of Eggs five ounces of Oil de Bay mix these together and strain them then rub herewith the Wind-gall chafing it in and if you make it sink in with an hot Iron it will be the better and will speedily cure the Wind-gall this I have experienced and find it to be an excellent Remedy for a Wind-gall I will add but one more and I have done which is this with a fine Lancet open the Wind-gall not making the Orifice bigger than what may be convenient to give passage to the white Jelly therein contained having thrust it forth so that none remain within lap a wet woollen cloth about the Sorrance and with a Taylor 's Goose rub upon the
the Gentleman so eager finding the price much lower than he imagined and the Horse so well after so long travel and hunger that he bought him but in six days after he could not ride him the length of Long-lane FINIS Books Printed for or Sold by Simon Miller at the Star at the West-end of St. Paul's Quarto BIshop White upon the Sabbath The Pragmatical Jesuit a Play by Richard Carpenter The Life and Death of the Valiant and Renowned Sir Francis Drake his Voyages and Discoveries in the West Indies and about the World with his Noble and Heroick Acts By Samuel Clarke late Minister of Bennet-Finck London The Life and Death of William the Conquerour King of England and Duke of Normandy by Samuel Clarke Bagshaw of Christ and Antichrist Astrology Theologiz'd Shewing by the Light of Nature what influences the Stars have upon Mens bodies and how the same may be diverted and avoided Large Octavo The Rights of the Crown of England as it is established by Law by E. 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