relligious men sawe it they gaue vnto God infinite thanks and the yong man that had tasted of death was baptised and liued many yeares after S. Martin raised to life another dead man who had hanged himself as it was thought vpon a melancholick humor predominant in him depriuing him of his vnderstanding but by the praier of S. Martin he recouered and was restored to his life and health also The fame of this holy saint was spread very farre wherwith the citizens of Towers being moued sought meanes to haue him to their Bishop but it was a hard matter to get him out of his monastery They that went for him vsed this wile to get him away Aman that loued the monastery told him his wife was sicke in Poiters and desired him to goe thither to visite and heale her S. Martin vpon this occasion departed from the monastery and the messagers of the city of Towers carried him away by force before the monks who had laboured to hinder his departure perceiued it S. Martin was receiued in Towers with great ioy by all the common people who said all with one voice They were now happie since they had to their father and pastour so holy and humble a man After he was made Bishop though he changed his estate yet he altred not his life for he was as lowely and was appareilled as meanely as he was before time He discharged his office and duety to the full for he was very diligent in procuring the good of his flock and in repelling all euill from them He reproued vice commended vertue he preached he punished he rewarded and did not omitt any thing that was couenient and fit to be done so that thereby he discharged fully his duety toward his neighboure To discharge his duety toward God he caused a monastery to be built vpon a craggy mounteine two miles from the city to which place were assembled many relligious men and there he had a cell into which he withdrew himself oftentimes to pray and to liue in contemplation The relligious men who arose in short space to the nomber of 80. moued by the example of S. Martin liued a holy life in chastity pouerty obedience and continuall fasting and prayer and their habites were made of camells hayre Their diet was very temperate none dronk wyne except he was sick and they went very seldome out of their cells S. Martin had some of these monks always in his company and when he stayed any time in the monastery and returned into the city they that were posessed of the deuill gaue notice therof by the feare and dread they shewed and by the paine they suffered before he entred the towne and this befell into what city so euer he came This holy prelate vsed great dilligence in the extirpation of Idollatry out of his diocesse and trauelled into many places throwing to the ground the Idolls of the Gentills cutting downe and burnyng the groues and trees wherin the deuills gaue oracles and aunswers for which cause he was oftentimes in daunger to be murdered by the common people but his deportment and cariage was so discreet in all his affaires accompanied with some myracle in the sight of them that were agreued at his doings that sometimes whole compaines fell at his feet and besought him they might be made Christians It would be a long story to recount how many sicke he healed by his prayers but among others one was Paulinus ouer whose eyes was growne such a webbe that it made him blind and also put him to much paine The holy saint did clense them one time with a napkin and he was made whole his sight restored and his grief ceased After this S. Martin being Bishop raised to life the sonne of a distressed poore mother whofinding him in the city of Chaâ—tres in the company of many Idollaters layd before him her dead sonne and requested him very earnestly to raise him vnto life The holy saint made his prayer for him and he reuiued This myracle caused many of those pagans to come to the faith of CHRIST S. Martin after he was Bishop raised to life none but this child and bycause he had raised vnto life two before that he vsed to say vnto his disciples and friends that he was better by two parts before he was Bishop then after and that his high dignity had diminished his vertue It is apparant the holy man said these words for lowlines and humility for it is well known that after he was Bishop he did many admirable and vertuous deeds which he had not done in the former time But this declareth and sheweth his charity and humility He was Bishop when he came into Paris and sawe at the gate a leprous man soe full of soies and blaines that the only sight of him was greeuous and importable to many the good prelate came close to him and embraced him and layd his face on the face of the leper he kissed him very charitably there with cuted him and made him whole This leper whom the whole city had seene came the day following to the Church and gaue thanks publiquely vnto God for the recouery of his health He was Bishop when Sulpitius who wrote his life visited him whoÌ„ he receiued most kindly and gaue him harty thankes that he was come from Tolose to Towers only to see him The blessed man himself washed his feet made him sitt at his table at the which he filled more his soule then his body hearing his words enkindled with the fier of celestiall loue and the grauity of his reasons This Autor said I neuer sawe nor conuersed with any mortall man furnished with such science witte and eloquence such aboundance of pure chast words as I found in Martin it made me more to marueile for that I know he was vnlettered The somme of his speaches were of the contempt of the world to auoid vice to loue vertue and that which he said he performed also in deed Noe tounge is able to expresse that which I noted to be in this holy saint in the time I liued in his company I neuer sawe him angry I neuer sawe him displeased or discontent much lesse to laugh after a dissolute maner and this was because that what so euer befell he receiued it as sent from God The austerityes of his fastings watching continuall wearing of sackcloth were things rather to be admyred then imitated He slept continually on the ground he vsed to eate and sleep so litle that it seemed impossible he could liue with it He was neuer idle when he had dispatched the affaires and busines of his Church he spent the rest of his time in reading the holy scripture mixing it with praier Herin he did as the smithes doe striking vpon the hotte iron who that they may continue the better giue now and then an idle blow euen so did S. Martin as for a recreation praying one while and reading another O blessed man in
God because they haue most cleare knowledge of him Other authors saie that in these three Masses are represented three states By that which is said at midnight is vnderstood the darksome state full of obscuritie and confusion of those that be in hell By the other that is said at the break of daie when the light beginne to be seene are vnderstood those that liue in the world who be in the middle betweene the light and darknes and do not know what shal be their end By the third which is said at cleare daie is vnderstood the state of the happie which be in eternall clearenes and posesse the ioyfull and blessed vision of God This is the signification of the three Masses which are comonlie said on Christmas daie as the doctors generallie say The occasion that mooued Pope Telesphorus to make this ordinance was The first Masse is called ad Galli cantum which is at midnight or a litle after because at that houre IESVS CHRIST was borne The second is called at the daie-break because at that houre he was visited and adored by the sheapheards The third is said at the ordinarie houre as on other daies and is called the high Masse The spanish saith Of these three Masses wâ—iteth Innocent 3. in the third sermon of the birth of CHRIST Galfridus lib de reb Eccles cap. 21. Albinus de diuin offic cap. 1. Sicardus Cremonens and others The life of S. Stephen the first Martyr ROBOAM the king of Israell 3. Reg. 12. suceeding his â—ather Salomon in the kongdome made some lawes and ordinances to be obserued of his suâ—iects who esteemed them to be too rigorous â—here caâ—â—â—d them to assemble together with intent to rebell against the king Roboam saying and professing openâ—â— that they would not obey him nor acknowledg him for king Those which did thus rebell were ten tribes of the twelue into which all the hebrewes were diuided The king being certifyed of this commotion called oâ—e Aduram his faithfull seruant and one of great account in his court commaunding him to go speak peaciblie to these rebellious people therby to quiet and appease them Aduram caused the ten tribes to be warned to appeare choosing out the most principall of them he shâ—wed him some reasons whereby he might reduce them to the seruice of the king but they hearing him named with great indignation took vp stones and stoned Aduram to death Roboam in asmuch as he is king of Israell is a figure of IESVS CHRIST vnto whom the father eternall gaue the lordship and power ouer all flesh and especially ouer that people vnto whom he was sent for guide and captaine and for king also as the Prophet Zacharie calleth him This king made his ordinances Cap 9. when ascending gloriously into heauen he commaunded his holie Apostles and disciples to publish the Euangelicall lawe and make knowne vnto all men that the old law was abrogated Many of the Iewes thought this to be verie strange and rigorous and therefore they took counsell together and determined that they would not acknowledg IESVS CHRIST nor receaue his Ghospell and doctrine He vnderstanding their consultation and entent sent a principall man of his court vnto them which was S. Stephen figured by Aduram whilest he talked to the principall of them to perswade them to acknowledge CHRIST for the Messias and that they would obey him and receaue his doctrine they on the contrarie part being obstinate and rebelliously bent took vp stones against S. Stephen and with extreame furie led him forth of the citty and there stoned him to death the martyr remaining victorious being crowned in his owne bloud The life of this glorious martyr written by S. Luke the Euangelist in the Acts of the Apostles and other good approoued authors is in this manner THE Apostles preaching and doing many miracles in Ierusalem the people of the cittie and the countries there abouts came and brought their sick in great aboundance and they were all healed This was the cause that the number of the disciples encreased daily Caiâ—t vpon this place for all those that were Baptised were called by that name It befell that amongst them arose a little controuersie mooued by the Greeks against the Hebrewes They were all Hebrews cap. 6. V. 1. but some of them were borne in Greece and others in Palestine and these were called Hebrews and the other Grecians These Grecians seemed agreeued that their widowes were not admitted into the publike ministerie and affaires because in those times they that were conuerted brought all their goods vnto the Apostles cap. 4. V. 37. and they prouided for them their diet apparrell and all other things necessarie And to the end that all things might be done in order they appointed to euerie one a particuler office and to the widowes that were honest and deuout women they gaue in chatge to dresse the meat and to attend the table The Grecians requested that the widowes of thir nation might be admitted vnto that seruice for euerie one desired to be employed in some office and to do the best seruice they could The Apostles assembled together to staye this matter least it might grow to discord And hauing called all the disciples said vnto them It is not fit that we should be busied in matters of such small importance therefore let vs find out and make choise of some good quiet men of honest fame who may haue authoritie to prouide persons which shall haue care of the prouision of dyet without aggrieuance of any nation one or other and out of both nations may be chosen widowes dilligent and apt to dresse meat for the multitude And when in this matter there may happen any occasion of disagreement they may resort to those that be elected who may quiet all dissentions if any arise and that we may attend to preaching and prayer This resolution pleased them all and out of the disciples were chosen seuen and as the head and chiefe of others Stephen a faithfull man and full of the holie Ghost was chosen S. Augustine out of this gathereth that S. Stephen was a man of great continencie and gouernement since vnto him was giuen an office in which he should haue so great dealings amongst women The Holie Ghost saith also of him that he was replenished with grace and fortitude and that he did â—ignes and many miracles He shewed himselfe to be very valiant and couragious preaching IESVS CHRIT to the Hebrewes perswading them to forsake the law of Moyses which now was of no force and that they should receaue the Ghospell and be Baptised The matter was brought to that passe that S. Stephen was more famous then any other of the disciples because he disputed face to face with the maisters of the Sinagogues in which were congregated the Grecians of sundrie Prouinces as of Cyrene of Alexandria of Cilicia and of Asia the lesse who altogether could not make resistance vnto the words
serued him both for meat and drink This thing may cause men rather to wonder then to put any in hope to be able to imitate him because the grace of God strengthened him and the long vse of therof and abstinence in his youth from all carnality which debilitateth the body made it to him more easy and more able to liue such an austere life wherin he merited much and perhaps an other man should offend God by shortening his daies in doing the same S. Hillarion liuing now in his cabbin the thieues had notice and came to him but seeing the estate he was in they said vnto him scoffingly What wouldest thou do to see they self assailed by thieues He aunswered The poore and naked man feareth not the thief They replied At left thou maist lose they life And he said It is true they may depriue me therof but I care not a beane if they do so at this present The thieues were astonied and amased to heare his words and to see his constancy which might haue bene a motiue for them to amend their life spent in wickednes seing a man that had chosen rather to lead such a streight life then to fall into any offence toward God Hilarion liued in this maner 22. years and was knowne in all the Land of Palestina Vpon a day a woman came vnawares vnto him and fell at his feet shee perceiuing that he seemed to be displeased to see her in that place and to make signes to haue her depart she shed many rears and said vnto him Oh Seruant of God pardon my presumtion and boldnes for my great afflictions enforce me so to do Do not shunne me turne thy eies of pitty toward me behold me not as a woman but as a person afflicted Remember that a woman was mother vnto our B. Sauiour They that be hole haue no need of the phisition but they that be sick At the words S. Hilarion staied and asked of her the cause of her coming thither and why shee wept The woman made aunswer That this 15. years she had bene maried and neuer had child for which cause her husbande determined to depart from her and leaue her desolate The holy saint lifted vp his eies vnto heauin and praied for her and so dismissed her After a yeare that same woman retorned to visiâ—e him with her sonne in her armes which God had giuen her at the praiers of S. Hilarion and this was the first miracle that God shewed by him After this fellowed another mroe wonderfull viz A noble lady returned home from visiting S. Antony with her three litle sonnes and being come vnto Gaza all three fell sick there and died whether it was by the chaunge of the aire or whether God would haue it for the honor of S. Hilarion The disconforted mother seing such a desolation in her house was in maner out of her witts and called vnto mind one whiles one sonne another time the other sonne and knew not which of them to bewaile first And hearing that in the desert nere vnto the city Hilarion did Dwell came vnto him accompanied with two hand maies and said vnto him with vnspeakable grief I besech thee o holy man by IESVS CHRIST by his sacred bloud to come with me vnto the city of Gaza and raise my three sonnes lying dead in that place which thing wil be for the glory of God and the confusion of the Idollaters S. Hilâ—rion refused to do it saieng it was not his vsage to go into the city no not out of his Cell but the woman weeping bitterly said o Seruant of God giue me thy three sonnes whom Antony hath seen aliue in Egipt cause that I and thou may see theÌ„ aliue also in Siria The people present heating the womans words wept aboundantly and so did S. Hilarion who vanquished with the tears of the woman went into the city of Gaza at sonne sett and called one the name of IESVS vpon the dead chileren who arose incontinent and gaue thanks vnto the holy saint and all the company rendered infinite praised vnto God This miracle was diuulged in many places wherfore much people resorted only to see the holy man And many that were heathens and pagans by the only sight of him receued the Christian faith and took the order of monasticall life and staie with him There had not bene before his time any monks in Siria so that S. Hilarion was the first bringer of that holy institution and to liue in monasteries in to thos parts There was brought to him a woman who had bene blind ten years and had spent all her goods in phisike which when S. Hillarion vnderstood he said vnto her It would haue done thee more good to haue giuen all thy possessions vnto the poore bicause IESVS CHRIST would haue cured thee When he had said this he laid a litle of his spittle vpon her eies and incontinent shee recouered her fight perfectly There was in Gaza a Chariott man posessed with the deuill who had left nothing free in him but his toung This poore man was brought to S. Hillarion who said vnto him Beleeue in IESVS CHRIST and vse this trade no more which is perilous for thee thou being of an impatient nature And he promised so to do and instantly he was hole and sound both in body and mind Another man called Marsitas was able and did cary on his back 15. bushells of corne and was in great estimation for it for there was neuer an asse in all Siria that was able to carry such a load Into this man the deuill entred and made him so fierce that he did much harme and it was in vaine to bind him with cords or chaines for he brake them all in sonder One while he assailed this man another time that man and with his teeth did bite of the nose of some and the eares of others He was led vnto S. Hillarion in such sort as men vse to lead a bull when he goeth to be baited When the monks sawe him they were all afraid because he was a man of a great stature of a terrible aspect and of a grimme countenance S. Hillarion commaunded them to vnlose all his bands and to take of all his fetters he wore When he was vntied he said vnto him Come hither vnto me Marsitas trembled and held downe his head fell at his feet and licked them with his â—oung all his former fiercenes being vanished away The Blessed man kept him seuen daies in his company and made continuall praiers vnto God for him and to conclude perfectly cured him There was brought also vnto him another man posessed with the deuill whose name was Orion a very rich man who had a legion of Deuills in him S. Hillarion expounding a passage of holy writte vnto his monks the roan posessed came on a soodein and flipping out of the hands of them that led him ranne toward the holy saint and took him vp in his armes and hoised
passed into Africk and from thence into Cycile where he made his stay vpon a cragey mountein In the day he made a bundle of wood and laid it on the back of one of this disciples to cary vnto the next towne to be sold and with the mony arising therof they bought bread with the which those few that were with him liued and sustenied their lifes He could not liue vnknown in that place nether for a man posessed with euill spirite in Rome cried out and faid Hilarion the seruant of God is in Cycilc So that many diseased people came thither to recouer their health by his meanes By cause he perceiued himself honoured in that place also he departed and went into Dalmatia where was a dragon that destroied all the countrey deuoured the oxen and other beasts and killed the husband men and the shepheres The blessed man hauing compassion on the people caused a great stack and pile of wood to be made and when he had praied he commeunded the dragon to go vpon the stack of wood and when he was on it he bad the people set fire ther vnto and thus the dreadfull dragon was brent and consumed with fire in the sight of all the people Then he determined to depart from that place also for which cause he was embarked and being on the sea he was assailed by pirats His disciples with the others that were in the shippe doubted they should be slaine but the good man reprooued them for distrusting in God And Then standing on the deck he praied and stretchinh out his hard against the pyrats said Come no further this way O straunge and wonderfull thing at the saieng of these words they turned aside and returned back as swiftly as though a strong gale of wind had caried them away The sea was also obedient vnto him for at such time as he was at Ragusium the sea swelled and rose out of measure and so much that the people of the country feared all of them should be ouerflown and drowned The blessed old man took land made the signe of the Crosse in the sand and held vp his armes against the storme and the sea was asswaged and ceased incontinent to the great admiration of all the country who kept this deed in memory and the fathers vsed to tell the same vnto their children Another time as he sailed and not hauing any thing to pay for the fraight he would haue giuen vnto the owner of the bark a book in the which he had written the foure Ghospells with his owne hand which he alwais carried about him because he had cured before time the sonne of the master of the bark he would not receiue the book of him but he gaue him his fare and rendered vnto him infinite thanks for his former benefit Finally this blessed old man remaining in Cypres and hauing sent Isichius his disciple to visit the ashes ruines of his distroied monastery and to salute the monks remaining in that prouince staid in the city of Papho vnto which place many sick men and men possessed came out of all parts of the Island and the holy saint by praier healed them Isichius being returned from Siria the reuerend father conferred with him of his departure from thence which he did not vpon inconstancy but only to fly from credit and honour which was bestowed vpon him in that place So hauing found out a place not far distant from the city which stood out of the way and was vnhabitable for the craggines knowing that the going vp vnto it was very difficult for they must go vp creeping with their hands and that at the toppe therof was a plesante and delightfull place furnished with many trees and cleare founteins and that as the fame went many euill spirits haunted and vsed in that place and therefore none was so hardy as to dwell there the holy man resolued to make the same his habitation There were some that came to visite him yea many diseased persons and among others one sick of the palsy who was the owner of the place Great were the conflicts and encounters the seruant of God endured in that place by the deuills who did incessantly disquiet him because he was come to thrust them out of their long continewed habitation The blessed man took thereat great consolation for that he had there some enemy with whom to contend and striue S. Hilarion being nowe come to the age of 80. years Isichius his disciple being absent fell sick and perceuing that the hower of his death drew nere he wrote a schedule or note of his hand in which he left by his testament Isichius his disciple to inherite all his treasures the book of the Gospells written with his owne hand his long relligious weede the sackcloth or hoode with which it was couered When it was known in the country that the holy saint was sick some came to visite him and he charged them deeply that assoone as he was dead they should bury him in the same place where he dwelt and that they should not keep him aboue ground the moment of an hower When the pangues of death came all things failing but his sences which were perfect looking with his eyes open he spake to his soule and said Depart forth nowe depart feare not thou hast serued CHRIST 70. years and doest thou nowe feare death In speaking these words he ended his life His body was buried incontinently as he had apointed so that his death and buriall was reported in the city both at one time His disciple Isichius being certefied of his death returned into Cypres and faining that he desired to dwell in the same place where is master did dwell and was buried after ten moneths passed he stole away the blessed body of his master venturing his life for the same for if the Cypriots had knowne it he had bene slaine by them and caried it into Siria and buried it in his auncient monastery an infinite company resorting thither to see it The blessed body was found hole perfect and entier and so were all his cloths and garments euen as he and they were when he was aliue casting a very sweet pleasant smell S. Ierome saith that vntill his time there had ben variance and controuersy for the Syrians say they haue his body as they haue indeed and the Cypriots say they haue his spirite but aswell in the one as in the other place are seen many miracles done by the intercession and merits of this glorious saint but much more in the place of Cypres for in that place the blessed father took great delight The death of S. Hillarion the Abbot was on the 21. of October and on the same day the Church celebrateth his feast It was also in the yeare of our Lord 379 Valentinian being the Romain emperour Nicephorus Callistus wrote of this holy saint in the 11. book cap 14. The life of S. Vrsula and the eleuen thousands Virgins ON the selâ—e
God S. Gregorie obeying forthwith went on his iourney with his familiers and friends that were in his companie As they trauailed they neere benighted were vnto a Temple of Apollo not farre distant from the cittie into the which S. Gregorie and his friends entring he made the signe of the Crosse in the ayre and forthwith flew away a huge companie of diuells which inhabited there and gaue oracles answeres vnto such persons as came to make sacrifice vnto them S. Gregorie spent the greatest part of the night in praiers and singing Himnes and Psalmes so that the place that was before the habitation of diuells became now the house of God In the morning S. Gregorie departing to go on his iourney the ministers of the Idolls who had the charge of the Temple entred therein to and making their acustomed salutations and sacrifices vnto the Idoll in stead of answere there was heard yellings and howlings out of the Temple and the diuells said that they could not enter againe into that house because Gregorie had bene within it Notwithstanding the ministers made sacrifice vnto them and vsed certaine ceremonies to induce them to returne into the Temple but they bad thoÌ„ not to wearie themselfs nor to loose their time for they could not returne into that place by any meanes The ministers were also informed that it was Gregorie and where they should find him Hauing learned this they determined to follow him and found him and his companie as they walked toward the cittie The ministers of the Idolls began to threaten him that they woâ—ld complaine to the maiestrates of the cittie for that he being a Christian had entered into a Temple of their Gods and driuen them from their habitation so making their Oracles to cease S. Gregorie with great mildnes and modesty said Be not offended hereat for I serue such a Lord as I can in his name cast out diuells from any place and make them to returne whither I please They maruailing hereat said vnto him Then make them returne into the Temple where they were before S. Gregorie rent a leafe out of a paper book he had and wrote thereon these wordes Gregorie to Satanas ENTER This note he gaue vnto the minister who laid it vpon the Altar and offred sacrifice and the diuells gaue answeres as beforetime The minister pondered vpon this and considered that when Gregorie commaunded their Gods they obeyed him and that he did it by his seruice vnto one God Hereupon he resolued that this God was very potent and mighty since his seruants could do such great things After this resolution made he departed from the Temple to seek out Gregorie who by Gods prouidence had done these things expecting the fruite to come thereof and found him He told him what had happened and besought him instantly to instruct him what his God was so great and potent for he would serue him and forsake these other Gods so weak and feeble S. Gregorie preached vnto him IESVS CRHâ—T and hauing giuen him notice of the principall misteries of our faith said we do not prooue these things by reasons because they surmount reason and naturall vnderstanding but we confirme them by miracles The minister of the Idolls said do a miracle in my sight that I may beleeue what you haue said and Baptise me What miracle would you haue me do said S. Gregerie The minister beholding a huge great stone like a mountaine said vnto him make this huge stone to raise it self from this place and to go into another S Gregorie doubted not to do it and as if the stone had bene a reasonable creature he commaunded it to go vnto the place the minister had apointed His words being ended the effect followed The minister remained so satisfied herewith that he his wife and children seruants and friends vnto whom he related the matter performed by the saint were all Baptised S. Gregorie came into the cittie and lodged in the house of a great man called Musonius To this house resorted many vnto whom the holy saint preached with such feruour that in a short space there were thousands of Christians in that cittie In this discourses he gaue content and delight to all To the discomforted he vsed such wordes that they took consolation He perswaded the yong men to chastity the old men vnto patience He exhorted seruants to be obedient to their masters aduised masters to be mild and courteous to their seruants He said rich men ought to be stewards and not masters of their goodes To women children and all other that came to heare him he spake that which was conuenient and fitting for their estates reaping daily proffit by his preaching There was in that citty many Temples of the Idolls whereupon the holie saint thought fitt that there should be one at least built to the honour of our Sauiour IESVS CHRIST wherein he might be adored and serued The charge hereof he gaue vnto the chiefest of them that were Baptised and himself in person laid the first stone in the foundation Eusebius Caesariensis saith li 7. c. 25. that this holie saint by his praiers made a hill to remooue from one place vnto another because it hindered the building of the Church Gregorie of Nissen doth not saie thus much but he saith that in his time there was a great earthquake in that cittie which threw downe the greater part thereof but that the Church founded by Gregorie Thaumaâ—urgus stood firme stirred not Great were the miracles that God wrought by the meanes of this blessed saint by his preaching the Gospell many people were daily conuerted vnto the faith Among many other wonders this of the two brethren is notable They two deuiding the many posessions and land left vnto them by their father fell at variance about a water which controuersie was caused by a great lake in which much fishe was taken and each of them desired to haue that water for their part This matter came to that height that they had assembled many people and intended to end their quarrelly by the sword The holie saint came betweene them as vmprie but seing no meanes to bring them to atonemeÌ„t they being euen ready to come to handy strokes hard by the lake and it was feared much blood would he shed This glorious saint fell vnto praier and continewed therein so long till the water in the lake was dried vp and the ground thereof was equall with the banckes so that there remained no signe either of water or lake When the morning came the two enraged brethren seing now no cause wondering at this great miracle that God had done by the meanes and prayer of his seruant Gregorie After this miracle ensued another The people dwelling by the bancks of the riuer Lyous which descendeth from the mountaines of Armenia and sometimes encreaseth so much that it ouerfloweth and spoileth the fieldes and villages of the country neere adiacent hauing knowledg giuen them of S. Gregorie
sent messengers requesting him to vouchsaffe to come giue remedie hereunto for they were not able by mans wit or any strength to restraine it The holie prelate went thither and veiwed well the place and considering withall that it would be inconuenient for them to remooue their dwellings hauing their houses ready built and their ground about them He took his staffe which he vsually carried in his hand and planted it a prettie distance from the Riueâ— on that side from whence the ouerflowing came and where the plaine fields were and many houses of the inhabitants This holie saint hauing planted his staffe went vnto praier and not long after the staffe waxed greene grew and became a verie great tree Then S. Gregorie said this shal be the boundes of this floud and the water shall not passe this marke This blessed man returned into the cittie and it was after seene by experience that when the riuer rose to the hghiest assoone as the waters came vnto that tree they returned back and ran downe the channell againe not ouerflowing as they had done before-time By these and such like workes that S. Gregorie did both in the cittie and in the countrie abroad the number of the faithfull encreased continually all sortes of people making great account of him being aduised and directed by his counsell in all their important and waightie affaires The citisens of a cittie thereby sent vnto S. Gregorie beseeching him to come and apoint ouer them a prelate S. Gregorie comming thither and examining some of those that stood for that dignitie was neither satisfied nor liked not at all of them The people with one voyce said as it were in scorne If Gregorie like none of these let him take Alexander the collier S. Gregorie hearing these wordes demanded what that Alexander was and apointed them to bring him to his lodging This Alexander was a man of middle age meanlie apparrelled his handes and face being black with coales Those that brought him laughed and so did they that were with S. Gregorie and the collier himself laughed seing them to laugh at him being well pleased to be contemned and scoffed at by them S. Gregorie beheld him not as others did but thought that vnder that contemptible shewe lay hid things of greater valew He called him aside and charged him deeplie to tell him sincerely who he was The collier opened trulie his whole life vnto him to witt that he was a philosopher and that to auoid the vaine-glorie of the world he had taken this course of life and had made himself a collier not for necessitie to get his liuing but for the desire he had to liue chast for liuing thus saith he I haue no mind of any dishonestie nor any woman will tempt me vnto lewdnes seing me so black and vnlouelie moreouer this good collier said that the greater part of the gaines of his coales he gaue vnto the poore fullfilling the counsell of the Gospell S. Gregorie caused him to be stripped out of his clothes his hands and face to be washed and then to be apparelled with the like garments as he wore himself Then assembling the people together he told them he had now found out and made choise of such a Bishop as was fitt for place They with great attention expecting the person elected by so wise and holie a man behold Alexander the collier came out apparailed after the same manner that S. Gregorie was and accompanied by the same familiers and friends Those that were present knew not whether they should laugh or take it in euill part that such a one should be giuen them for their Bishop S. Gregorie made aspeech vnto them aduertising them what a man Alexander was whom he comaunded to preach in their hearing The new Bishop obeyed and preached in such sort that they all remayned no lesse astonied then satisfied Thus they being all pleased to haue him for their prelate Gregorie consecrated him Bishop of that cittie and he discharged his office with great comendation After this the holie man returning vnto his cittie was met by two Iewes in the high way who knowing him accorded together to deceaue him The one of them lay flat on the ground faining himself to be dead and the other wailed and made great lamentation The holie saint coming by demanded of him the cause of his sorrow The Iew answered O seruant of God vouchsaffe to help comfort me look with pittie vpon the miserie of this my compagnion who is fallen dead on a sodaine and I haue not any thing to wrap him in before he be buried The good man being mooued to coÌ„passion put of one of his garments as we may saie his rochett and laying it on the counterfaite dead man went on his â—ourney leauing the Iewes alone The man that had vsed this deceit toward the holie saint and had told him that his fellow was dead came merrilie to his companion and said Come fellow rise vp now we haue gotten a good prise see we haue gained this good garment and deceiued this man whom the Christians hold to be so wise But the Iew which lay on the ground answered not nor sturred any whit at all The other spoke louder and said O how cuninglie thou canst counter faite but I praie thee rise now for heere is not any bodie neere vs. Yet for all this the Iew laie still and stirred not For assoone as the garment of S. Gregorie laie vpon him and touched him he was depriued of his life And so the iest and scoffe returned and light vpon himself in good earnest In those times there was raised a most grieuous persecution against the Christians and the Edicts of the Emperours of Rome were proclaimed wherein they comaunded that the Christians should either sacrifise vnto the Idolls or else that they should be put vnto most cruell death These proclamations came vnto Neocesaria and S. Gregorie being certified thereof admonished publiklie and aduised the Catholiques to giue place vnto this furie by departing from the cittie vntill this tempestuous storme were passed ouer And himself also by diuine inspiration as afterward appeared went with one of his disciples who had bene minister of the Idolls and was conuerted and made deacon by him vnto a mountaine and there lay close certaine daies Other Christians dispersed themselues into diuers partes It was a lamentable thing and would haue mooued a stony hart vnto compassion to see the crueltie that was vsed in Neocesaria and the persecution by the pagans who continuallie prepared chaines gallowses swordes sauage beastes and an infinite number of other tortures and all to torment the Christians You should haue seene the fathers to persecute their sonnes and the sonnes to persecute their owne fathers The brother procured the death of the brother and one friend sought the death of another friend Some did this vnder shew of relligion others for mallice and most to make themselues rich with the goods of Christians For these causes
Idolls fell downe on the ground and broke to pieces Two souldiers the one called Papias and the other Maurus seing this cryed out and sayd Assuredly IESVS CHRIST whom Saturnine and Sisinnius do adore is the true God The prefect being in a great rage comaunded his officers to torment them they put them on the torment or Rack called Equuleus and hoysing them vp they scourged them very grieuously and rent and tore their bodies with yron bookes and scorpions They being in those torments song Himnes and said Glory be to thee O Lord IESVS CHRIST for that we are found worthie to be partakers of afflictions with thy seruans The tWo souldiers Papias and Maurus which were conuerted when the Idoll fell to the ground as is afore said were present and neere the holie martir These men being stiered vp with a desire of the crowne of martyâ—dome and repleat with holie anger against the excecutioners that tormented them with such rigor and cruelltie said to them with a loud voice How great is the diuell with you that he maketh you so cruell against the seruants of the liuing God When the Prefect Laodicio heard their wordes he was enraged against them and comaunded the officers to strike them on the mouth with stones and to carry them to prison from whence they were after taken and maâ—tyred After this he comaunded the officers to set burning torches to the sides of Saturninus and Sisinnius And when he saw all this would not make them yeeld and that they showed no signe of griefe or sorrow by their countenance he caused them to be taken from that torment and to be led two miles out of Rome into the way toward Numenium and there they were beheadded Their bodies were buried by a deuout man called Thraso in one of his posessions This was on the 29. day of Nouember and on the same day the holie Catholike Church maketh a commemoration of S. Saturninus His death was about the yeare of our Lord. 307. In the raigne of Maximian and Dioclesian Of S. Saturninus wryteth Ado venerable Bede Vsuardus and the Romain martyrologe The life of S. Andrevv Apostle THE sacred scripture saith of that proud captain Holophernes Iudith that as he went with his army and banners displayed against the city of Bethulia there happened a thing which did before neuer befall vnto him for the Hebrews shut the gates against him and fortified the city for their defence Holophernes wondered therat not litle wherfore he assembled all his captains to councell and said that the desired to know the cause why the people of that city did stand more to their defence then all the other thy had ouerpassed and desirous to know wherin they trusted he willed them to certify him what any of them knew TheÌ„ arose vp a captein of the Ammonites called Achior who said vnto him know you most poteÌ„â— Lord that in this city dwelleth a nation called Iewes who haue a God so mighty that if they haue his fauour and freindship neither the mighty army vnder thy conduct nor all the world if they should assault them can ouercome them But if perhaps they haue offended him as they do oftentimes it shal be very easy to vanquish them and to take this city let them fortify it as much as they can So that my councell is first to informe thy self whither they be in the fauour of their God and according to that relation if they be in his fauour to stay but if he be displeased with them to assault them Holophernes took great indignation against Achior for his words for he thought no force was able to resist his puissant army Vpon this he commaunded some of his souldiers to lead him vnto the city of Bethulia to the end that when he had taken the city by force of armes Achior should with his bloud and life pay the penalty of his rash vnaduisednes in taking vpon him the defence of the Hebrews The souldiers led Achior vp on the mountein neere vnto the city and there they left him tied vnto a tree The Iewes issued out found him and led him into the city where Achior in the presence of Ozias the high priest of all the people recouÌ„ted what had happened vnto him They heard his speech with great admiration and then feasted and enterteined him kindly because they thought he had defended the honour of God euery one embraced him and sheaâ—ed to him great tokens of loue But aboue all Ozias took him to his house and made vnto him a solemne banquet This figure agreeth very fitly to the gloryous Apostle S. Andrew who being figured in Achior defended the honouâ— of God as he did preaching the Ghospell among the infidells where Egeas the tirant figured in Holâ—phernes took him and deliuered him vnto his officers who led him vp on a mountein and bound him to a crosse where he remained a while vntil the Angells citisens of heauen vnbound him viz when his blessed â—oule departed from his body and leâ— him to the supreme city of God and there in the presence of the high priest IESVS CHRIST diuulging how he took the defence of his honour all the blessed spirits that illustrious and honored nation made him cheare and enterteyned him kindly embracing him as their brother And the priest IESVS CHRIST made him a feast apointing him a speciall seat in his celestiall beatitude The life of this gloryous Apostle collected out of the ghospell and the writings of his disciples who were present at his martirdome was in this maner SAINT Andrew the Apostle was borne in Behsayda a twon in the prouince of Galily and was the elder brother vnto S. Peter the Apostle and also disciple vnto S. Iohn Baptist With whom being one day he saw him when he pointed his finger at IESVS sayeng This is the lamb of God Andrew staid not a whit but ioyntly with another disciple left S. Iohn Baptist and followed IESVS CHRIST who turnyng his celestiall face and seeing asked them what they sought They answered that they desired to speak with him in his house Our Lord lâ—d them with him and kept hem one day in his company in which time thy talked together and they knew him to be the Messias Andrew departed then from our Sauiour and mett Symon his brother and said vnto him with great ioy O brother Symon that thou haddest seen that which I haue seene Knowe thou that the Messy as so much desired and so long expected by the Iewes is come My master Iohn Baptist shewed him vnto vs and I haue bene with him and I tell thee that his words and deeds confirme that he is that same Come thou and see him So the two brethren came together vnto IESVS who said Thou art SymoÌ„ the sonne of Iohn but thou shalt be called Caeâ—has that is Peter Another time those two brethren being a fishing in their barck IESVS CHRIST passed by the bank and called them saâ—eng follow me and
commendest so much S. Andrew answered I sacrifice euery day to the omnipotent lyuing and true God not the smoke of incense nor flesh of bulles nor bloud of skeep but the immaculate lamb in consecrating his most blessed body which being receiued by the faithfull the lamb remayneth intyer and whole as he was before although the faithfull do truly really eate his flesh drink bloud How may that be said Egeas The Apostle answered if I should tell thee and if thou wouldest vnderstand it it were first necessary for thee to be a Christian Egeas replyed I shall make thee by force of torments to tell me howe and by what meanes I may vnderstand it Then put he him in prison vnto which place resorted much people who would haue taken the Apostle away violently if he had not hindâ—â—ed it for out of the prison he preached to them and persuaded them not to rebell against the tirant whose cruelty would be vnto him an occasion of merit If he shall afflict the body said the Apostle he hath no power to hurt the soule his torments will quickly end but the reward shall endure for euer We ought rather to make much of him and to honor him then to vse him displeasantly since he may do vs much good and but a litle harme with these and the like words the Apostle stayed the people from any commocion or insurrection against the Proconsull The next day Egeas caused the Apostle to be brought before him and said I am persuaded thou art now better aduised and wilt fortake thy follyes which haue darkned thy mynd and that thou wilt leaue the worship of that thy CHRIST and enioy the sweet and delightfull life of this world and auoid withall bitter death The Apostle answered without the beliefe of CHRIST there is no true content nor true life as I haue always preached in this prouince whither he sent me to the end men should leaue and abandon the adoration of Idolls and receaue the true faith of IESVS CHRIST and so escape eternall death and obteine euerlasting life For this same cause said Egeas I will also procure thee to adore the Gods to the end these people whom thou hast deceiued may forsake the vanity of the doctrine and returne to the relligion of the auncient Gods for as I gesse there is not a city in all Achaia but the Temples are abandoned and thou art the cause of it I will haue thee also to be the cause to alter their course and to frequent the Temples againe and to renew their sacrificing in which doing the Gods wil be appeased toward the for now against thee they be sore offended But if thou be resolued to do other wise prepare thy selfe to endure and support terrible torments which shal be inflicted on thee and lastly thou shalt dy on the Crosse To this the Apostle answered Listen to me thou son of death thou dry rotten logge designed to nourish hell fire hitherto I haue spoken myldly to thee thinking that thou being a reasonable creature wouldest haue made vse and benefit of my words and haue forsaken thy false and vaine Gods but since I see thee so obstinate and hard harted I tell thee plainely think not to terrify me with thy threats do thy worst for the greater the torments be so much more shall the reward be which IESVS CHRIST will bestow on me and the greater shall the paines be which are prepared in hell fire for thee where the Gods whom at this time thou adorest shall giue thee thy due reward tormenting thee eternally for indeed they be no other but deuills Egeas raging exceedingly at his words caused the Apostle to be stripped apointed seueÌ„ fellows to beate him with all cruelty who gaue ouer three times for others to come in theire place And so many were the blowes they gaue to the Apostles body that it powred bloud out so abondantly that there was not one place free from wounds from the head to the foote Then Egeas said oh Andrew haue coÌ„passion of thy self consider that the bloud thou sheddest is mucâ— if thou doest not change thy oppinion I must crucify thee The holy Apostle answered sayeng I am the seruant of IESVS CNRIST and do not fear but loue the Crosse Thou hast more reason to fear for that if thou doest not beleue in CHRIST thy torments shall differ from myne for myne shall end in two dayes and thine shal be euerlasting Egeas could keep patience no longer but comaunded that he should be crucified yet not nailed to the cross with nailes but bound with cords which he apointed not for any pitty he had but to the end the torment might continew the longer Whilest the executioners led him to his martirdome an infinite company of people resorted to him crieng with a loud voice What hath this iust man and friend of God done that he should be Crucified The holy Apostle entreated them not to hinder his martirdome but went ioifull and merry and by the way preached to those that acompanied him When he saw the Crosse a farre of he said deuoutlie I adore thee o pretious Crosse consecrated with the bodie of CHRIST and adorned with his members as with perles and Iewells Before CHRIST came to thee thou diddst terrifie men but now thou causest ioie and delight O good Crosse made so beautifull by the bodie of CHRIST I haue desired thee a long time I haue sought thee diligently and now I haue found thee receaue me in thine armes and lift me vp from men present me to my master that he maie receaue me by thy meanes who hath redeemed me by thee Hauing said this and being now neere vnto the Crosse he stripped himself out of his clothes and gaue them to the officers who binding him to the Crosse lifted him vp as the sentence iudgement was There was a great number of people about the Crosse all lamenting and complaining of the cruell and wrongfull torments that the Apostle suffred But he comforted and encouraged them to suffer ioifully the like torments for CHRIST his sake when occasion was offred S. Andrew remained two daies on the Crosse the people complaining and criyng out aloud It is not iust that a man so holie so modest of so good partes and that teacheth so good doctrine should die in this manner Egeas vnderstanding that the people murmured against him fearing some tumult determined to take the Apostle from the Crosse and for that intent went vnto him The Apostle said vnto him What doest thou heere Egeas If thou comest to beleeue in CHRIST he will as readilie pardon and receaue thee as any other But if thou come to take me from the Crosse it is in vaine for I am now going to my Lord and king It seemeth I am now before his iudgment seat where I shal be rewarded and thou shalt be chasticed The Apostle seing that they yet laboured to take him from the Crosse and that
fearefull retreate caused his vtter ruine For thinking he had left sufficient forces on the frontiers of his realme to keepe his enemies from entrance he made Medarses his yonger sonne his heire and successor in his kingdome and put him in possession therof and assigned him to stay on the frontiers for the more sure garde and defence therof and to keep the Imperialls from entring therin Cosdroes had another sonne elder then Medarses called Siricheus o Sirus as some call him who expected to succeede his father in the kingdome as his right and prowesse also deserued who took such indignation at his fathers doing that he diuised to depriue him of his crowne that he might with more facility bring his purposes to passe he determined to make a secret accord with Heraclius which was concluded vpon these articles That he should deliuer vnto themperour Heraclius his father and brethren either aliue or deade and also the Crosse of our Lord IESVS CHRIST and set free out of prison Zacharias the patriarch of Ierusalem That he should restore all that which Cosdroes had taken from thence And that he should haue the realme of Persia for himself and that he should keepe perpetuall peace with the Christians All these couenants were performed For by the aide of them of his faction and the aide Heraclius sent he was made king and put his father and brethen to death he restored the holy Crosse set the patriarch free and performed all the couenants comprised in the peace Th' emperor Heraclius desirous to render thanks vnto God for the benefits receaued and also to restore the Holy Crosse vnto the place where it ought to stand went on procession In the which Heraclius was clothed in most gorgeous apparell and with shoes embrodered with perles and pretious stones and in this manner he carried the holy Crosse as in imitation of IESVS CHRIST It happened that when he should enter the gate of the city to go vnto Mount Caluary I say enter Brocard de terra sancta p. 1. c. 7. §. 43. for that before the destruction of Ierusalem Mount Caluary was out of the city when it was reedified newely Mount Caluary was comprised with in the city gate where by he was to enter he stayed with the Crosse on his shoulder and could not sturre by any meanes He and all the rest of the people which were present were amased at the miracle not knowing what the cause might be The patriark Zacharias came neere vnto th'emperour and said I am in douâ—e that thou thy self giuest cause why thou canst not sturre and I will tell thee what it is Thou nowe dost carry the Crosse vpon thy shoulders as in imitation of IESVS CHRIST who bore the same this way But if thou mark it well thou doest imitate him but litle for thou doest not carey it as he did nor as it should be carried Thou art apparelled in most costly garments and he was clothed most meanely Thou hast on thy head an emperiall crowne and he wore one of pricking thorns he went with his feet bare and full of dust and thy feet are adorned with purple embrodered with Iewells and precious stones The words of the patriark seemed to th'emperour to be reasonable and true wherupon he caused a meane course garment to be brought vnto him He tooke the crowne of from his head and put of his hose and shooes and thus being barefoot and meanely apparelled he followed the procession vntill he set the holy Crosse in the former place froÌ„ whence Cosdroes had taken it foureten yeres before For this respect the Catholike church ordeined that euery yere the feast of the exaltation of the holy Crosse should be celebrated on the same day it was placed againe by Heraclius in the very same place it was set when IESVS CHRIST should dy theron This mistery befell on the day that the Church celebrateth it that is on the 14. day of September S. Aug. ser 17. de imoli Isac D. Amb. lib. 5. epist Epiph. in sine pana in the yeare of our Lord. 624. in the raigne of the abouenamed Heraclius S. Augustine S. Ambrose and S. Epiphanius say that in the place where the Crosse of CHRIST was sett Adam was buried and the dead nans scull which ordinarily is painted at the foote of the Crosse denoteth and signifieth the same The life of S. Nicomedes Priest and Martir RIGHT happy are they saith IESVS CHRIST Math. 5. which suffer for the loue of iustice This is not to be vnderstood of them that are punished by course of lawe for their trespasses All they who are whipped sent to the gallies and condemned to die are not happy but many of them may more iustly be called vnfortunate in that they know not how to reap profit by this chasticement which their offences deserueth but beare it impatiently and dye desperatly but right happy are those that hauing done any iust holy or meritorious act affiction cometh vpon them as it befell vnto S. Nicomedes the priest who lost his life for that he had buried a holy damosell martired by the pagans as may be seene in this story written by Marcelus the disciple of S. Peter the Apostle in this maner SAINT Petronilla the daughter of S. Peter being in Rome was seene by the gouernour of the city who was enamored of her And though that he was a man in chief autority yet went he vnto the house of the holy saint with a great troope of gentlemen and gaue her to vnderstand that he loued her and desired to marry her and make her his wife Petronilla seing Flaccus for that was his name to be a man of great power douted he would vse violence and therefore shaped him this answere me thinke it is not a thing conuenient to come and speak vnto a damosell liuing alone as I do with such a crewe especially in such a matter as of loue as though thou wouldst obteine me more by constraint then by loue I should be thought a foole and vnwise if I would forsak such an honorable person as thy self that sueth to mary me and take any other to my husband wherfore my Lord I beseech thee to send vnto me some matrone or damsells to stay remaine three daies with me after which time I will come vnto thy house and the wedding shall be made as thou desirest This her request contented the gouernour fully and so he departed with intent to performe her desire Petronilla had a maid seruant called Felicula who was a Christian and very vertuous and vnto her Petronilla vttered her mind in gret familiarity and besought her to assist her in her praiers vnto God that with in three daies God would be pleased to take her out of this life Felicula at the request of her mistris was content to do it So they two fasted and prayed all those three daies and did other works acceptable vnto God On the third day there
family to the Mauri Being fully 20. yeeres old he was sent by his father to Rome to study where he remained in the house of Quintus Fabius his fathers friend vntill S. Peter the Apostle came to Rome to preach the Gospell Then this S. Linus was of his first disciples who followed him asisting him alwaies in his preaching and in the administration of the hely Sacramēts S. Peter seing in him many good partes as his holines learning and curteous affability he made him his coadiutor in the dignity to the which he was also elected after the death of the Apostle So that first he was coadiutor then Pope and head of the Church for the which with great care and prudence he prouided all thinges necessarie for the good gouernement thereof He comaunded in particuler that women hould not enter into the Church with their haire loose and vntied but bound vp and couered as S. Peter had comaunded and S. Paul had left written He gaue holy orders twise in the month of December and at them he consecrated 15. Bishops and ordered 18 Priests with some Deacons In the primitiue Church there was great care had in giuing holy orders and in receiuing any to the office of a priest or the other orders and therefore they kept a reconing and conserued the memory of the times when holy orders were giuen and how many were ordered Those ancient fathers did this for that this office was so reuerend holy and so hard to discharge that many deputed and apointed to take orders refused it yea some there were that cut of some member or other as their finger eare nose or the like to make themselues incapable to receiue an office so great and waighty as Priesthood is Moreouer the Christians at that time were fewe in number so that there was not such need of so many Pastors If the same were done at this present it would surely be a notable benefit aswell for the one part as for the other if that prelates were not so liberall and ready in giuing holy orders nor secular Christians so bold and hasty in procuring to receaue the same the Priests should not be so litle esteemed nor the seculars haue such occasion to murmure of the Ecclesiasticall state S. Linus wrote the deeds and doctrine of S. Peter the Apostle his maister and especialy his martirdome S. Linus being a most holy man cast out diuells and raised the dead to life He deliuered from the diuell a yong woman daughter to the Consul Saturninus who in recompence of that receaued benefitt by the handes of the good Pope comaunded he should be put to death and so he was made the martir of IESVS CHRIST It is no smal honour to S. Linus that the Catholike Church hath put his name in the Canon of the masse among other holy martirs there mētioned The feast of S. Linus is celebrated on the daie of his martirdom which was one the 23 of September in the yeare of our Lord 81. in the time of Vespasian the Emperour This holy Martir held the Papacy 11. yeeres 3. monthes and 12 daies was buried neere vnto the body of S. Peter the Apostle Shortly after his holy reliques were translated vnto the citty of Ostia and laid comely in the Church of S. Lawrence by Gregorie Bishop of that citty S. Paul maketh mention of Pope Linus in the second Epistle he wrote vnto Timothie his disciple in the 4. chapter The life of S. Tecla virgin THE Apostle S. Paule writing vnto the Corinthians saith 1. Cor. 7. that the virgin sinneth not in taking a husband but doth a good work though it should be better not to take a husband but to remaine a virgin I may be that the Apostle preached this doctrin in a sermon and that a yong woman named Tecla who had determined to take a hushand was present therat Who vnderstanding that it was better to conserue her virginity left and forsooke her earthly spouse taking IESVS CHRIST to her heauenly spouse for whose loue she tollerated very great afflictions and torments which were procured vnto her by him that thought to be her husband The life of this glorious saint gathered out of the writings of S. Ambrose Ado Arch of Triers and out of other graue authors was as followeth ON a time S. Paule departing from Antioch went vnto a city called Iconium in the prouince of Cilicia There had bene there before that time Titus his disciple and had giuen notice and signes of him vnto Onesiphorus who was a very vertuous man and dwelt in that city He had related allso vnto him the doctrine which he preached his life and behauior and informed him of the quality of his personage to wit that he was a man litle of body and that he had a hooked nose and faire in the face like an Angell When the Apostle came vnto the city Onesiphorus knew him by the signes before told him wherefore he led him to his house where some people of good intention and desirous to finde the true way to eternall life and happines were assembled The Apostle preached vnto them to the great profit of them that gaue due attention vnto him In the next house to the place where the Apostle preached there dwelt a damosell very beautifull but much more vertuous called Tecla This damosell had a mother liuing who had made a match and apointed to marry her to a yongman called Tamirus It hapened on a time that Tecla standing in a windowe of her house heard from thence the preaching wordes of S. Paul which made very great impressiō in the mind of the yong damosell She being not content to haue heard him this one time endeauored and made meanes to heare him sondry other times and so long that her mother came to the knowledge thereof how the wordes of the Apostle had made her daughter to alter her intent and purpose to marry Yea the virgin Tecla her self who was a pagan before said now boldly that she was a Christian and she that before was resolued to take an husband said now that she desired rather to loose her life then her virginity The mother made report of these things vnto the spouse of her daughter who finding the same to be very true because Tecla her self told him her mind freely and what she entended to do which was that she would not marry but remaine a virgin went vnto the Proconsull of the citty and gaue him notice that there was a forreiner come into the towne who took wiues from their husbands and brought in new and strange Gods to the notable preiudice and damage of them all as being contrary to that their fore fathers had beleeued This information was the cause that the Apostle was apprehended cruelly scourged and put in danger of his life had he not made it knowne vnto them that he had the priuiledge of a citisen of Rome by being borne in Tarsus a citty of Cicilia yet for all
extasi as vsuallie he accustomed in the meditation of the passion of CHRIST to the which he was deuoted more then can be expressed And at this time he was transformed into the similitude of CHRIST crucified the figure of his blessed wounds remaining imprinted in this flesh his hands were pierced through the middest with nailes of flesh the heads of which nailes appearing in the palmes of his hands were round and black and the points long and crooked the like appeared in his feet and vpon his right side he had a wound as if it had bene with a speare the wound being both red wide S. Bonuaenture affirmeth that he heard them say so that had seen them with their eies and touched them with their hands When Ionathas desired to shewe kindnes to Dauid 4. Reg 4. he gaue him his garments and when IESVS CHRIST would shew his fauour to S. Francis he bestowed on him his wounds 1. Reg 18. when Eliseus would resuscitate the dead infant he lay ouer the child and it may be he said to God Lord ioine these my eies to him that they may see in him and these my hands that they may haue feeling in him so CHRIST lay ouer S. Francis and gaue his wounds to him CHRIST visibly ascended in to heauen and for that his will was to haue in his Church a perfect pourtraiture of him for a small time he made S. Francis one for considering his holy life streight after his conuersion it seemeth that S. Francis did set down his foot in the steppe from whence CHRIST took vp his foot And to the end he should be likened vnto him in euery thing he imprinted his wounds also in his body Sometimes one that is vitious or one that is good is bidden to imitate God and if perhapps he thinketh he can not do it God giueth him a patterne or a modell which he may imitate when he will S. Francis preached the despising and contempt of the world and it seemeth that many men did not giue credit vnto him Wherfore to the end he should be credited CHRIST gaue him his wounds like an instrument which is written sealed for that is should be of sufficient creditt S. Francis is like the keeper of the common standard of measure vnto which all the other keepers of measure resort CHRIST on the Crosse got many children some were martirs some Confessors and some were virgins The children are likened vnto the father some had his similitude in their patience others in their humility and others in other vertues but for that none had the similitude of him in the wounds God elected S. Francis for that purpose and gaue them vnto him imprinted in his flesh The courtiers that be fauored of the king are apparailled in his liuery and because S. Francis was highly fauored of IESVS CHRIST he was therfore cloathed in the liuery of his wounds Iacob wrastled with God and remained lame S. Francis wrastled with God and he was made lame also for the wounds of his feet suffered him not to trauell but he was compelled to ride on a litle Asse The death of this glorious patriarch drawing nighe he was much diseased with a grief in his stomack and in his eies as also with the paines of his wounds sixe moneths before his death he fell sick of the dropsy which thinge persuaded him he had not long to liue The citizens of Assisium doubting that if he died in any other place they should loose the pretious treazure of the holy maÌ„s body sent for him to Sienna where he remained and conducted him to their city and lodged him in the Bishops house The holy saint being there and knowing that the hower of his death approached commaunded them to cary him to the Church of Sancta Maria de portinncula other wise called dy Angeli Being come thâ—ther he made his testament in which he left his friers heires of his holly pouerty which he much recommended vnto them to keep and obserue ioyntly with charity and obedience and gaue vnto them his benediction On a saterday in the euening on the. 4. day of October in the time of pope Honorius 3. and of Fredericque 2. themperour in the year of our Lord. 1226 twenty years after his conuersion and in the. 45. year of his age this holy father heard the voice of God who called him out of this life vnto him And because he would make a true demonstration that he had not any thing common with the world not the world any thing with him The holy father with feruor of spirite did arise stark naked out of his bed and lay on the ground He had before receued the sacraments of Confession Eucharist and extreame vnction and hauing at the reasembly of his friers who wept and lamented pitifully remenbred them and ageine commaunthem to loue pouertie and to be subiect and obedient to the Church of Rome He gaue them his finall benediction aswell to the absent as to the present saieng to them My children remaine in peace and feare of our Lord and continew alwais in the same for I depart hence to God vnto whom I commend you all Then he willed them to read vnto him the passion according to S. Iohn After which the holy saint said the psalme of Dauid which beginneth thus Voce mea ad dominum clamaui and went vnto the last verse which is Educ de custodia animam meam ad confitendum nomini tuo me expectant iusti donc retribuas mihi and with those words his blessed soule vnloosed from the bands of the flesh and went out to enioy the euerlasting felicity His body continued so beutifull that only to behold it would moue a man to celestiall desires There resorted to his buriall innumerable people He was caried to the city of Assisium by the way the laid it in the Church of Damian at the instancy and petition of S. Clara for there was her monastery to the end shee and the other Nonnes her daughters might see him The sight of him caused them to shed aboundance of deuout teares especially when they sawe the wounds of his hands feet and side which might be seene of euery man From thence he was caried into the city and buried in the Church of S. George vntill that foure years after A sumptuous Church was builded for him into which he was translated and therin buryed Pope Gregory 9. hauing first vsed the accustomed diligences canonized him vpon a sonday one yeare mine months and a half after his glorious death Spa Marius Antonius Sabelliâ—â—s saith that in this time which was in the yeare of our Lord. 1494 there were Franciscan friers to the number of 60000. in forty prouinces The life of S. Placidus and others THE hautie pride and boldnes of Pharao with the help of the praier of Moises was the cause that he was drowned in the red sea the people of God escaped out of his cruell handes But
for the vse of the aforesaid monasteries but also ranne vnto the bottome of the mounteine and endured a longe time Though this miracle was done by S. Benedict yet Placidus was a party therein for that he went with him and praied with him was a testimony therof Vertue is alwaies enuyed and maligned and the good doe ordinarily suffer persecutions So one Florentius spiting S. Benedict his neighbor resolued for to persecute him He did it first presenting to him by a messenger bred impoisoned but the holy man knowing what was with in it gaue it to a crowe coÌ„manding him to cary it and leaue it in the desert where it should hurt no man The wicked man seeing he could not accomplish his intent by this deuise agreed with a woman to enter all naked into the garden of the monastery and by dishonest behauiour tempt the moÌ„kes to lewdnes This villanous trick against his monks displeased greatly S. Benedict especially fearing lest Maurus and Placidus being yong youths might thereby susteine some wrong be annoied but God spake to him in his sleep with sweet amiable words bidding him depart out of that country and go and build a monastery in Monte Cassinâ— The holy man obeied and in his iourney visited the holy places and monasteries he had built in that countrey in that seasoÌ„ the house fell vpon Florentius that wicked persecutor and killed him which thing Maurus wrote vnto his father seeming to be glad that their order was freed froÌ„ that persecutor but he reproued him sharply for the same Hauing then set all his conuents in good order in the yere of our Lords 529 he with his two disciples Placidus and Maurus iourneied toward Mont Cassino and as they passed by a village called Aureola nere the city Hercularia it was reuealed vnto him that in thaâ— place was to be builded a famous monastery of his order for which cause he commaunded his two disciples to stay there certain daies to lay the fouÌ„dations that being done to go on to Monte Cassino where he would be They obeied the glorious father S. Benedict proceeded on his iourney and came to Monte Cassino where for the space of 40. daies he continued in praier not farre from a temple of Apollo after which time inspired and fauored of God he destroied the Idoll threw downe the Altar and defaced the foundation and all signes of Idolatry which he could finde Then came his two disciples and began to founde the monastery which was after the head of all his order and built a Church vnto S. Martin in the place where the Idoll before had bin He made an altar to S. Iohn Euangelist and this being done he also preached vnto the people of that countrey and conuerted theÌ„ vnto the faith of CHRIST These doings of the holy man enraged the deuill wherfore he persecuted him all that he might appeared to him ougly in dreadfull shapes Placidus Maurus heard the roaring and howling that he made all though thy did not see his shape He did them also all the harme he could by endeuoring to disturbe the work and the building of the monastery makiÌ„g the stones verie weighty casting downe the walles raising fantisticall fires but by the praiers of S. Benedict they were deliuered from all these mischiefs Monte Cassino all the territorie had bin the possession of Terâ—ullus father vnto Placidus who vnderstanding how S. Benedict built there a monastery reioiced much therat and went thither to visite him accompanied with many other noble Romans as Boetius Simmachus Vitalianus Gordianus and Equitius When the blessed man vnderstood of their comming he went with Placidus to the doore of the monastery to receaue theÌ„ Terâ—ullus seing S. Benedict whose body was feeble and withered with great fasting alighted froÌ„ his horse and decked with riche and gay apparrell as he was fell on the ground to kisse his feete The holy patriarch lifted him vp and embraced him both of them weeping for tendernes of heart The whole company went into the Church of S. Martin in the which were many relligious men Tertullius did embrace them all and incontinent in the presence of those noblemen Consuls and Senators which came with him offred to God and to S. Benedict the monte Cassino with all the lands and villages thereunto apperteyning and because it was his patrimony which he enherited from his father he made a publick writing therof after the Romaine vse and maner In like maner he made a deed of guift of other posessions villages and castles and of a house in the which his sonne Placidus was borne being within Rome vpon the mounte Celius in which place was after made a Church called S. Erasmus And Equitius the Senator made a donation vnto the Abbot in the name of him self and of his sonne Maurus of some of his lands and posessions lyeng in Naples Gordianus in the name of himself and of his wife Siluia offered some villages and arrable grounds vnto the blessed Abbot theÌ„ they returned back to Rome The posessions that Tertullius the father of Placidus gaue to S. Benedict were 18. villages in Sicilie with hauens woods ryuers and parks When it was know in the Is'land that Tertullius had giuen those things vnto the monks diuers persons iniuriously inâ—â—uded themselfs into theÌ„ and kept theÌ„ by force The ouer seers and bailiues of them certefied S. Benedict therof who assembled his monks to treate of a meanes to remedy the same it was determined that Placidus should go thither who should be respected as being sonne to Tertulius and that he with his discretion would bring all things to good passe He as an obedient sonne was content to go thither and accompanied with two of his houshold friends Gordianus and Donaâ—â—s departed from Monte Cassino on the 20 day of May in the yeare of our Lord 536 and came vnto Capua where Germanus B. of that citie receaued them courteously At that time Zoffa chief secretary to the Church of Capua was grieuously troubled with the headache and hearing of coÌ„ming of Placidus disciple of S. Benedict whose miracles were renowned in all places came vnto him and said I beseech thee ô Placidus seruant of God by the name of thy maister Benedict which is worthy of all reuerence to lay thy hand vpon my head for I stedfastly belieue that if thou doest I shall be healed Placidus was aggrieued that he made such a request desired him to depart in peace for it was not fitt to request such things of him but of his Mr S. Benedict or of such other holy meÌ„ for he was a greeuous sinner needed the praiers of good men himself The B. Germanus hearing his wordes esteemed him to be very humble and besought him to performe the request of the sick man Placidus thought not good to gainsay the request of so holy and famous a prelate and so he laid his hand vpon the sick man and
But the couetous churle who would not suffer any to enter within his vineiard had much lesse then he vsed to haue and that litle which he had became sower and then he repented but to late that he had ben so churlish and discourteous toward the holy saint This blessed old man had a guift of God by the smell of bodies of garments and things which any man touched to know the vices they had and to what euill spirit they were subiect and with what vertues they were adorned Being now fully 6 years ole and seing the multitud of relligious men that were vnder his obedience and the great concourse of people that came to him dailie to haue remedy of their afflictions he was much discontent there at lamented for the same His religious men askindg him the cause he aunswered them It seemeth to me being esteemed holy by men that God hath rewarded me in this life for the small seruice I haue done vnto him It seemeth to me also that I retorne vnto the world sins vnder the colour of susteining and mainteining the relligious men there are presented vnto me many occasions of sinne His disciples hearing thes words did watch him dilligently especially Isichius for the great loue and affection he bore vnto him fearing he would strale away from thence One a time a venerable matrone came to visite him with intention to go further and visite S. Antony also He vnderstanding her intention wept and said vnto her I was also of that mind if the gouernement of this monastery had not said and with hed me but nowe it is to late for two dais since the worle is depriued of that worthy father This matrone credited his words and went no further and within a few daies after came vnto their eares the newes of S. Antonies death It were a wonderfull thing to consider the graces and gifes of this saint his miracles his abstinence and his profound humility S. Ierome saith of him I am amazed and astonied to consider the great enmity Hillarion had with worlely pompe and glory and with the estimation of men This blessed old man was visited by priests by relligious men by clerks by all maner of people and he to fly from honour which was dome vnto him by euery one determined to depart and trauell into some other country When this was knowen he was beset and enuirouned with more then 10000. persons who besought him not to leaue them but he striking the earth With his walking staffe said I cannot abide that my God should be accounted a deceuier or a lyer I cannot endure to see the Churchs demolished theâ— Altars troden vnder feet and my children slaine with the sword By thes words he said many gathered that God had reuealed vnto-him some great euill and persecution that should ensew vnto his brethren as it came to pase after in the time of Iulian the Apostata To conclude the blessed man would not stay with them any longer and told the people he would neuer eate bit of sustenannee if they did not permit him to go quietly and they hindring him be would not eate any thinge for seanen daies to geathey They seing his resolution to be such permitted him to depart in peace thought it was much against their willes and because the good old man was so feeble that he could not trauell on foote he rode and choose for to keep him company 40. monks whom he iudged to be most abstinent and most prepared to abide trauell and paine Passing with them through many countreis he at the last arriued at the Cell of S. Antony There he talked with the disciples left by that blessed man and conforted them being sadde for the death of the death of their master He recreated himself a while with them in visiting diuers places which they showed vnto him In this place said they S. Antony vsed to pray here he exercised himself in digging the earth These trees were planted with his hands here he made the founâ—ein handsome for their vse with his owne hands Then they shewed him his Cell the length wherof was fit to receue a man lieng out in length They also rehersed vnto him some of his miracles S. Hillarion demaunded of two of those monks for the place of S. Antony his buriall they only knowing it It is not knowen if they did shew it vnto him or no bicause S. Antony had commanded them and bound them by othe not to disclose it vnto any and he did it lest any man should honor or reuerence his body After the death of S. Anthony for three years space it had not rained in all that prouince wherefore the common people said it was bicause the clements lamented for the death of that blessed man They besought S. Hilarion to pray for them which he did and then it rayned Wherfore he was for that benefit highly esteemed among the people of that country they sayeng that God had sent him vnto them in the steed of S. Anthony He departed from thence and went to visite two holy Bishops Dracontius and Philo who were banished from their churchs by themperor Constantius for that they would not follow the heresy of Arrius These holy bishops were comforted much to see S. Hilarion who departed from them and went to Alexandria and was lodged by certein relligious men neere vnto the city When night came he saddled his litle beast meaning to depart and when they asked of him why he would go a way thus sodenly he aunsweted lest my stay be the cause of some great trouble On the next day it proued euen so as he had said for thither came officers of themperour Iulian the Apostata guided by some of the citisens of Gaza to apprehend him by order from that tirant but when they found him not they wondred saieng nowe we find it true that hath bene said vnto vs of this man viz that he is a coniurer and a sorcerer knowing things to come Behold howe he is escaped out of our hands The B. Abbot went like a pilgrime in diuers countreis but he was easilie knowen where soeuer he came for men posessed with the deuill discouered him He knew that Iulian the renegat had made a search for him and his disciple Isichius with an intention to put them to death if he had taken them In which because he missed he set their monastery on fire and persecured the monks with extreme rigour But within a while after the wicked emperour being dead and also Iouinian who liued a very short time Valentinian succeded in the Empire S. Hilarion was entreated to returne and gather his monks together and to reedify his monastery which he would not do but rather be took sea to go and dwell in some Islands vnhabited that the sea might keep that secret which the land did diuulge and publish but he could not be hid for the people came likewise vnto him in that place also So he departed from that Island and
louely and sweet but well weighed reasons and gentle termes endeuoring to persuade him to forsake and abandon that faith of CHRISTE and marrie with her But oure Sauioure was on Chrisantus his side to stay him from gliding into sinne he gaue his words such a heauenlie grace and printed in his minde such forcible reasons that with them he conquered Daria and made her fall into the selfe same snare wherein she laboured to entrappe Chrisantus For moued by his reasons and powerfully drawen by the grace of God she resolued to be a Christian They accorded to keepe they re virginitie vnspotted and yet giue it out and so possess others with a conceite that they were married by which meanes Chrisantus was freed out of prison and from the keepers hsi father had placed about him Daria was baptized and both of them did liue together as brother and sister keeping theire puritie vndefiled Now as it is the propertie of goodness freelie to impart it selfe to others and of vertuous people to desire and endeuoure that others be partakers of that precious iewell which themselues enioie eache of them counsailed all suche persons with whom they conuersed to receaue the faith of Christe oure sauioure and leade a chaste and vertuous life and manie were persuaded to embrace such good counsaile the woe men by Daria the men by Chrisantus This was speedilie knowen ouer all Rome and notice thereof came to Celerinus prefect of the cittie who forthwith comaūded thē to be apprehended and brought before Claudius the Tribune apointing him to heare and examine theire cause and finding them guiltie to punish them The Tribune comaunded Chrisantus should be led to the temple of Iupiter where because he refused to adore the Idoll he caused him to be most cruellie beaten The executioners performed the Tribunes comaund with so litle remorse cōpassion that his bones and bowells might be seene through his wounds They caried him back again to prison cast him into a loathsome darck dungeon loaded him with giues and fetters and cast vpon the ground manie filthie and stinking things But in the sight of the cruell officers his yrons were turned into dust and in steede of the stinking noy some smell there was a most sweete and fragrant sent Then a Bulls hide was flaied and taken of and Chrisantus naked was put thereinto wherein he remained a whole day exposed to the scorching beames of the Sunne though he receaued thereby no harme at all They cast him once againe in prison loden with yrons which were streight waies consumed and turned to pouder and manie lights appeared which made the dark dungeon bright like noone day They tied him vnto a post meaning to beate him with rodds of yron which whē the officers tooke vp in theire hands they became verie soft and no man could strike with them anie one stroake to anie purpose At length the Tribune Claudius conuinced that so great wonders as these were not done by art Magick but by the hand and power of God the beames of whose grace did now beginne to enlighten his hart falling downe at the feete of S. Chrisantus and crauing perdon for the harme which he had done him he desired him to pray to the God he adored and by whom he was assisted in so manie and so cruell torments to graunt him pardon for his sinnes and knowledge of him selfe The like did all his souldioures whom the martin embraced most louinglie and there were baptized all at one time Claudius with Iason and Maurus his sonnes and Hilaria his wife all his whole familie and the souldioures of his charge with manie other people The Emperoure Numerian assoone as he came to the knowledge of so great an alteration commaunded that all should be put to death Claudius was cast into the riuer Tiber with a great stone about his necke and drowned the rest were beheaded Hilaria some daies after being at her praiers in a caue where the bodies of the martirs were buried was taken by the painims and as they were about to carrie her before the Emperoure she craued some respitt to make het praier wherein she requested allmightie God to take her into the companie of her husband and sonnes His Maiestie vouchasafed to heare her praier and she rendered her soule into his hands and her bodie remained with the other holie saincts The Emperour gaue order that Chrisantus should be brought to a prison called Tullianum and Daria to the common stewes amongst nanghtie woemen where by the presence of that holie virgen so ignominious and reproachefull a place was turned with her praiers into a chappell For God did send in her defence a lion who slipping of his chaines and breaking loose out of his den laied himselfe at the feete of Daria with signes and tokens that he would defend her Not long after came in a bold impudent youth with intention to defloure the B. virgen But the lion encounterd him cast him to the ground held him downe with his pawes and looked vpon her as one demaunding how he should vse that wretched yong man She commaunded that he should doe him no harme and taking occasion from the lions obedience towards God she spake vnto the man and reduced him to the faith of CHRIST He seing in what perill of his life he had bin and how once he was rather dead then aliue seing himselfe againe free from all danger by the commaundment of the holie virgen went preaching aloude throught all Rome There was no other God but IESVS CHRIST whom the Christians adored The keepers of the lion came to haue him back but he fell vpon thē and cast them to the ground and staid expecting the will and pleasure of the saint she with so good an occasion did likewise acquaint them with the power and strength of the faith of CHRIST and they were conuerted thereunto and became the publishers and preachers of the glorie and Maiestie of oure Lord. Celerinus the Prefecte informed of all this caused a fier to be kindled about the lodging to burne and consume the virgen and the lion together but by the will of allmightie God to whose power nothing is impossible in whose sight his martirs are renowmed glorious the lion hauing receaued the Virgens blessing bowing downe his head went through the flame with out burning and through the whole citty without doing or receauing anie hurt or damage After all this Chrisantus was put vpon a torment called Armentarium but the post brake in sunder his bands were vnloosed and the torches which were lighted to burne him on the sides were quenched Those allso which would haue tormented Daria had the sinewes of theire handes contracted with such excessiue paine that they were constrained to let it alone Finallie they led them out of the cittie into the way called Salaria where hauinge digged a great ditche or pit both the saincts were put aliue into the same and then couered and ouerwhelmed with earth and stones and
work of great charitie acceptable vnto God profitable to keep a man out of sinne and is also good for the health of the body The holy Ghost entendeth so much in these wordes saying 2. Macha 12. V. 46 To pray and to do good for the dead is a holie and a healthfull work and is also very profitable for the soules their paines being diminished and they deliuered the sooner The workes that help them are foure viz Almes fasting discipline with other penall works an the fourth is the holie sacrifice of the Masse said for them You must also vnderstand that there is difference betweene these workes for that three of them if they shall do the soule good must be done in the grace of God and if they be done other wise they do not help them except they be done by the apointment of another And if that he that commaundeth the good work to be done as to giue almes or such like be then in the state of grace in this case the work is good and auaileable and helpeth the soule though the person that did that good work were not in that good estate himself Concerning the masse and these other workes as I haue insinuated before there is a difference For that helpeth alwaies not with standing that he that said it was not at that time in the fauour of God for that he who offreth it doth it in the person of the Church who is alwaies in the fauour of God and therefore it helpeth those soules alwaies for whom it is especially said and celebrated So that we may truly saie that this is the best and most secure work that can be done for the soules in purgatorie If this which we haue said be the truth as vndoubtedly it is viz that the paines in purgatorie be so great and excessiue and that also being true which S. Augustine saith as it is for certaine to wit that to see God one houre only is of more worth then all the treasures of the world And sithens with all them he cannot do that which one may do with the good workes he doth for a soule in purgatorie that is to deliuer it out of payne and that it may see God before the time it should otherwise see him How greatlie and vnspeakablie shall that soule be obliged and bound vnto the person that shall so help to deliuer it without doubt more then can easilie be said And that soule being so much bound vnto any partie after it is heauen and enioyeth the glorie of God shal be his perpetuall aduocate to beseech the diuine maiestie to be gratious vnto him that hath beene so good vnto it by procuring it to be freed from the fault land deliuered from paine purchasing heauen by enioying it before the deserued time Which happie felicitie in his kingdome God graunt vnto vs all for his heauenly bounty and infinite mercy Amen The life 's of SS Vitalis and Agricola Martyrs THE Apostle S. Paule in his epistle to the Galathians Galat. 3. speaking of them that are baptized haue put on IESVS CHRIST by receauing his faith saith that in the sight of God there is neither seruauÌ„t nor freeman but all are equall His meaninge is not that among Christians there should not be maisters and seruaunts some to commaund and some to obey for this would be contrarie to all good gouernment and to the common course and vniuersall order of the world wherein the Starres the Riuers the Trees the Beastes the Byrdes the Fishes are euidentlie distinguished not onlie by theire vertues but also by theire greatnesse and lessenes and by a certaine preeminence and subordination besides that if there were equallitie in all men none would vndergoe painfull and meaner offices in the common wealth none would laboure and toyle none plowe nor sowe and euerie one rulinge and none obeyinge all would runne streight waies to ruine and destruction So that S. Paules meaninge is not that Christians should be all equall in this but rather as S. Ierome and S. Augustine say that in the eyes and sight of God the seruant is no lesse worthie nor lesse esteemed then the master if both of them be Christians and bothe do the workes of Christians Of this we haue an example in the two holie martyrs SS Vitalis and Agricola Agricola being the master Vitalis the seruant They were both Christians and martyrs and equally esteemed and regarded by IESVS CHRIST and the holie Church doth celebrate the feast of them both equally Their life written by S. Ambrose was in this manner IN the persecution of Dioclesian and Maximian there dwelt in the citty of Bologna in Italy a noble citisen called Agricola who had a seruant named Vitalis They were both Christians and for that cause were apprehended by the ministers of these two cruell Emperours These holy Saints being in the presence of the Preâ—ident the seruant to wit Vitalis was first put to torments thereby the more to terrify the master And because seruaÌ„ts be ordinarily scourged for their chastisment and do tremble and quake to see the whippes it was the Iudges will that the first torment of Vitalis should be scourging and so he caused him to be beaten rigorously After that he put him vnto other manner of torments and herein the Iudg was so cruell and the officers so mercylesse that the bodie of the holie martyr was whollie couered with blowes and woundes So that search neuer so narrowly you could not see any thing but woundes and gashes There was not any blood left in his vaines but all was shed and the scourges and wandes of Iron where with they stroke him hit not ne touched not the whole skin any more but the rawe flesh and the bare bones so that his very bowells were seene The glorious martyr lifted vp his eyes vnto heauen and made a deuout prayer saying O my Lord LESVS CHRIST my God and Sauiour I humblie beseech thee that it would please thee to receaue my soule for I desire much to enjoye the crowne which thy holie Angell hath shewed vnto me His prayer being ended he yealded vp his soule vnto God Agricola was present at this spectacle who being a man of good nature pleasing behauiour friend to all affable doing good and hurting none was generally beloued of all And therefore the executioners yea and the Iudg himself also being desirous to haue him change his mind and to sacrifice vnto the Idolles wherby he might be deliuered from death made him to be present at the martyr dome of his seruant Vitalis to the end he might learne as is said before to beware by another mans cost and affliction But he that had seene the successe of his seruant was more desirous to gaine a crowne as he had done rather then to be terrifyed with the torments and so he remayned firme and constant in his first good purpose The Iudge and the officers were wroth and enraged against him and the more for that they
sent vnto he Iudgment seat of the great God For in it in very deed is the ladder of â—acob Gen. 28. whereby the Angells go vp and come downe They go vp with the praiers and petitions of the faithfull and present them vnto God and then come downe with their dispatch for the good and profitt of the faithfull beleeuers In the Church is preached the Gospell the obseruation of the commaundments of God is taught vertue is comended and vices be reprooued So that in it some are stroke with feare some haue compunction these weepe others reioice some are comforted and others are inflamed with the loue of God In the Church the faithfull soule talketh with God there he is praied vnto and in that place he is honored In the Church the Angells are present because there is the heauenly court yea the very same God is there really and personally and hath promised to be there vntill the end of the world In all these things you may see how much our Churches be more worthy then the Temple of Salomon So then if that Temple be so much magnifyed by men and God also it is conuenient and most iust seing that our Churches be in so high manner honored with the presence of God himself that they be also honored and reuerenced by vs and that therein nothing may be said or done vnseemely or vnfitting of so worthie a place Let presumptuous people and the prophaners of Churches feare the like seuere punishment as God gaue to that wretched king Antiochus who prophaned the Temple of Ierusalem 2. Macha 9. God striking him with a most terrible and horrible infirmitie This wretched caitife knew that this euill happened vnto him for prophaning the Temple of God in Ierusalem and therefore he bewayled his sinne exceedinglie He prayed vnto God and craued pardon of him but the text vttereth there a terrible and dreadfull sentence viz. The wretch prayed vnto God of whom he could not obtaine mercy The sorrow of this man was like the sorrow and repentance of Esau Cain and Iudas Heb 12. Gen 3. Math 27. P. Orosius that is to say defectiue and vnprofitable and therefore he was condempned as they were also We read in auncient histories that Pompey the Great was victorious in all his enterprises and affaires before he did prophane the Temple of Ierusalem but after that time he was vnfortunate in all his businesses and finally he was vanquished in battaile by Iulius Caesar and escaping by flight repaired for aide to the king of Egipt as to his friend but in steed of help he found his death the king cutting of his head and sending it vnto Caesar the conquerour as a present For prophaners of Churches and holie places these two examples are sufficient and for those that vse small or no reuerence to Churches this one is inough That our Lord and Sauiour himself chastised them with rigour which caryed not due respect vnto the Temple of Salomon For he himself in person when as man he conuersed with men did driue the people our of the same Temple with whippes and scourges because they vsed to and in the same smalle or no reuerence Let them who prophane our Churches being of farre more excellency then that was imagine yea assure themselues that they shal be chastised with much more rigour Surelie we ought to beare great respect and reuerence to our Churches and to behaue our selues in them as Dauid counselleth in a psalme where he saith In the Temple of God let euery one speak of his glorie All that which is to be spoken of in the Church ought to be to the glorie of God and if it be to his glorie it will redound and arise to our profitt since in that place he will make vs partakers of his mercyes which shal be the beginning of our Beatitude God grant vs all to find in his Church mercy for his deare sonnes sake our Blessed Sauiour Amen The life of S. Theodore Martyr IT is written in the book of Iudges how Sampson that renowned souldier of God at his death pulled downe a temple of the Gentiles whereby manie of them were killed and the temple falling to the ground was vtterly destroyed Herein Sampson did worthy seruice vnto Almightie God who had determined by this meanes to chastice that treacherous and vnbeleeuing nation The verie like befell vnto another valiant souldier of CHRIST called Theodore who set fire to a temple of the Gentiles for which cause he was afterward martyred And in the one and the other of the these things there was done vnto our Lord God great and good seruice The life of this glorious martyr is taken out of an homilie or sermoÌ„ made by S. Gregorie Nissen which he preached on the daie of his martyrdome in the same Church where he was buried He reherseth it in this wise THE cause good Christian people why you be here assembled from diuers partes with trauaile and toile of your persons by reason of the sharpnes of the winter is onlie to celebrate the feast of the glorious martyr S. Theodore This is a thing iust and reasonable since we be all obliged vnto him for the great and many benefitts which we haue receaued by his intercession One of these is well knowne vnto all namely how the Barbarous Scithians this last yeere threatening to kill vs and hauing drawne their swordes to bathe them in our blood returned back vnto their countries in manner of flight not for feare of our corporall armes but being terrified with the Crosse of CHRIST with which this glorious saint our patrone chased the away I desire you all to be attentiue and I will reherse in what manner this holie martyr came to giue his life for CHRIST whilest he liued in this world for I do not know in perticuler the reward he hath in heauen And when we know this we ought to take profitt by endeauouring to imitate him I saie then that we haue his blessed body in this Church and although it be of the same matter and nature that other dead bodies be yet it is not to be likened vnto them for if you open any of their sepulchers the bodies appeere lothesome to the sight and be displeasing to the smell so that we turne our face from them considering the miserie of our nature and the frailtie of mankind But vnto this glorious martyr it falleth out otherwise For assoone as we enter into the Church where his blessed bodie is as all we haue done this daye the sight is pleased seing the sumptuous and cunning built Church where it seemeth the caruer and the painter contended to excell each other the one in the building of the same aswell in the pauement as pillers of the finest marble in which be engrauen sondrie pictures of lyuing creatures as in the rooffe and couering of tymber which is curiouslie wrought and cunningly ioyned The painter was not inferioure in his art setting forth liuely
for he was mercifull and myld also and endued with other good qualities and verâ—ues â—â—r which cause God elected him to be the captaine and pastor of his people in the city of Myrrea The life of this glorious saint was written by the Patriarch Methodius Symeon Metaphrastes and other Greeke authors our of whom Iohn the Deacon and Leonard Iustinian made a collection Out of these two was this sumarie taken and is in this manner SAINT Nicholas was borne in Patarae a city in the prouince of Licia His father and mother were Christians noble by birth and deuote seruants of God To this good couple God graunted a sonne in reward of their many teares praiers and continuall almes deeds desiring him to send vnto them an heire who should vse their goods in his seruice God heard the prayers of his dâ—uouâ—e seruants and comforted them by gyuing vnto them their sonne Nicholas Of him it is thought that he had the spirite of God euen from his infancie for that assoone as he was borne he began to serue him Assoone as he knewe what it was to eate he knew also what it was to fast for he would not take the brest to sucke but one time only in a day especially twâ—se a weeke to wit on the wednesday and the Friday and this fast he obserued all the dayes of his life Being somewhat growen in years he shewed signes of great vertue which increased in him as his yeares did His father sent him to schoole to learne to read and also other sciences where Nicholas made proofe of his delicate wytt because in very short time he profitted very much He would not keepe company with other yong men of his yeares who suffred themselfs to be transported into all vices and wantonnes but his conuersation was only with the most vertuous and honest people He avoyded also not only the conuersation of women but abhorred them euen as a deadly poyson for youth And to eseape the warre which is made by wicked thoughts and carnall cogitations against youth he tamed his flesh with watchings fastings hayrecloths and such like exercises He frequented the Churches and oratories of the Christians for he desired to be as the Temple of the Holy Ghost These holy exercises and other vertues in which Nicholas was employed did so shine in him that he was praysed and commended of euery one For as to see old men behaue themselues like yong men see meth a monstrous thing so on the other side to see a yong man to haue the deportment and cariage of old men is a thing very commendable and laudable S. Nicholas had an vncle who was Bishop of the city where he was borne a learned and a holy man He persuaded the father and mother of Nicholas to dedicate their sonne vnto God in the seruice of his Church and to be a priest It was an easy matter to obteine it of them for they remembred God had graunted that sonne vnto them through their many praiers therfore they willingly rendred him vnto God againe with right good will that he might alwaies be employed in his seruice The father and mother of S. Nicholas hauing made this grauÌ„â— his vncle made him priest whilest he gaue him orders he sayd these words vnto them that stood by Brethren I see a newe sonne arise in the earth who shal be a great consolation and repose for the world Happy is the pasture and happy be the sheepe that shall deserue to haue such a sheapherd The day shall come also when you shall see him reduce many straying sheepe vnto the flock of CHRIST you shall see him to be the consolation of the coÌ„fortles health of the sick and rest for them that be in tribulation All that which this good Bishop said was afterward found in S. Nicholas When S. Nicholas sawe he was a priest he thought it conuenient that with his newe dignity he should encrease his austerity and strict life imitating heerin the trees and plants which the more they spred their braunches the larger their roots grow also vnder the ground So the holy saint stroâ—e to be more sober and temperate more continenâ— more rygorous toward his owne body chastising the same with more seuerity not to make it dye but to make it more subiect vnto the spirite He depriued it of the ordinary sleepe of eating and of apparell although he did not like to go in stayned or spotted apparell as some hypocrits do but such as was comely and fitting for one of his dignity of function He frequented the Church more â—hâ—n he had vsed he was more earnest at his prayer then before time he would neuer read any book nor take it in his hand but the booke of the holy scripture or els some holy lecture treating of some ghostly matter He showed more modesty in his countenance more grauity in his speech so that it seemed although he were in mortall flesh that he led the life of a man imortall There befell in the country of Lycia and in all the East a great contagious pestilence which killed very many and among others within the space of three dayes died both the father and mother of S. Nicholas and he remayned sole inheritor to all their goods The yong man being already dedicated to God regarded not to be the heite but rather desired to be the dispenser of his fathers goods giuing out of them continually many almes deeds And because among many other he did one rare deed of charity it shall not be amisse to make a recitall therof by particulers There was in the city of Patara a gentleman of a good house who had bene before time very rich and nowe was become poore This man had three daughters which were of good yeares and maâ—igeable but because he had not wherewith to maynteine endowe theÌ„ with portions he vrged and sollycited them to get their liuyng and his also by dishonest life The poore father though he was ashamed so to doe spake to them to that purpose the distressed maydes shed teares incessantly considering to what a miserable estate their fathers pouerty had brought them S. Nicholas had an inkeling hereof and thought he could not bestow his almes better then with the same to delyuer their bodies from shame and their soules from synne He took a good some of mony all in gold and lapped it in a napkin and departing from home by night he went to the house of the poore decayed gentleman The holy man looked about to put in the mony in some place where the distressed man might light vpon it taking care that he should not know who bestowed in vpoÌ„ him whilest he studyed therof hesa wâ—y Mâ—nâ—light the casement of the chamber windowe where the poore man lay not fully open S Nicolas cast the gold wrapped in the cloute in at the wyndowe and went downe The pooâ—e man rising vp and finding there the mony the benediction of God he was in
him to say masse in her house The holy man being gone thither in the company of his sister there was brought to him a woman sicke of the palsy in a chaire and shee besought the holy saint to pray for her which when he had done the sicke woman kissed his priestly garment and was healed After this S. Ambrose returned vnto Millan where the Empresse Iustina persecuted him greeuously vsing also both requests and threats Then with rewards she laboured to draw the chiefe men of the Citty yea and the cleargie also as well as lay men vnto her opinion and partiality against S. Ambrose entending to send him into exile Matters were so prepared and wrought that a rich man and mighty called Eutimius but much more wicked had prepared a chariot in the which he purposed to set S. Ambrose by faire or by foule meanes and then to carry him vnto banishment This wicked man had so purposed but God disposed it otherwise for as Aman had made a gibbet whereon to hang Mardochey and was hanged on it himselfe so Eutimius was banished caried away in the same waggon he had made for S. Ambrose This holy saint found the bodies of some Martirs which were laid in places vncomely and vndecent therefore he translated them into other places where they were laid with more reuerence as the bodies of S. Geruasius and Protasius and of S. Nabor and Faelix In the translations of these saints were may miracles done and many sicke men healed The Arrian heretiks calumniated the miracles and moreouer said that Ambrose had hired persons to faine themselues blind or lame and that when they came neere to the bodies of the saints they fained to be healed It came to passe that one of the most malitious cauillers thereat was in the sight of them all posessed by the deuill who being within him by the iudgement of God caused him to confesse the truth which he denied when he was in health aswell in the miracles of the saints as also in the mistery of the B. Trinity the wretch yelling aloud and saying That which Ambrose preacheth is true and that which the Arrians teach is false and vntrue Then many of the Arrians who by reason should haue giuen credit to that apparant testimony came vnto him and adding euill to euill threw him into a pond of water wherein the man was drowned An other obstinate heretik which was one of the most principall was conuerted vnto the true faith And when he was demaunded why hee changed his faith so suddainly he answered he had seene an Angell speake in the eare of S. Ambrose when he preached and tell him what to say At that same time was discouered in France a tyrant called Maximus who by a stratagem murdered Gratian who gouerned Fraunce and Spaine all the life of Valentinian his father And not resting content therewith he marched against his brother called Valentinian sonne vnto Iustina who then ruled Italy The young man not daring to oppose himselfe in the field fled with his mother Iustina the mortall persecutor of S. Ambrose and came to Constantinople to demaund succour and ayde of the Emperour Theodosius S. Ambrose went vnto Maximus who tooke vpon him the name of Emperour and requested the dead body of Gratiane to be bestowed vpon him Strange it was that although the holy bishop went to talke with him that was a tyrant and also went for to obtaine a fauour of him when it seemeth he should haue vsed louely words yet did he with his accustomed and Christian boldnes reprooue him for his tiranny and for the vniust murdering of his Lord. He also bad him to do penance for his sinnes and because he would not obey he excommunicated him and gaue order in all places of his Archbishoprique where the Tyrant passed that he should not be admitted to heare the diuine office and commaunded all his priests vnder great paines none should be so bold to celebrate Masse before him nor to conuerse with him But aboue all he fore-told him saying that God would chastice him for his rebellion as afterward it befell for when Theodosius came against him he was slaine by his owne souldiours After the death of Maximus Theodosius went vnto Millan and there the Iewes complained of S. Ambrose vnto the Emperour for burning their Synagogue The Emperour thought S. Ambrose had done them great wrong and bad him to reedify it at his owne cost and charge After this S. Ambrose preached before the Emperour and reduced to his remembrance all his former life and told him he ought to remember how from a poore captaine who fled thorough Africa for feare to be slaine which was presently after the death of Valens the Emperour God had aduanced him to be Emperour and bestowed on him many victories and therefore he had reason to behold and marke well the reward he should render vnto God in restoring the Synagogue and causing it to be builded for the Iewes which were enemies vnto God and all Christians When the sermon was ended the Emperour said vnto him Art thou this day mounted into the pulpit to preach speake euill of me in mine owne presence Yea said S. Ambrose I haue done it but we will say well of thee in thy absence to the end that none doe murmure of thee for that thou wilt be partiall fauourable vnto the Iewes and build a Synagogue for them Thus S. Ambrose delt with the Emperour and it was so effectuall that he forbad the reedifying of the Synagogue It was a notable case and example worthy to be marked haâ— S. Ambrose did vnto the same Emperour Theodosius because of the cruelty coÌ„mitted in Thessalonica There was at that time a great Citty in Macedâ—ry inhabited by Christians called Thessalonica the vsage was in all Greece to haue pastimes and pâ—â—â—es called Câ—â—censes in which â—aâ—ne horses in â—ace some alone and some in wagons and great care men had to gett the prise which was giuen to the Victors because those playes were very delightful they which were skilfull in guiding the horses wagons were highly esteemed regarded The time of these pastimes being at hand it fell out that one of the waggoners which was to runne for the wager and was famous for his skill and beloued of all the people was imprisoned by Bulericus the gouernor of Thessalonica vnder Theodosius the cause was this the waggoner was accused to haue offended carnally with the gouernours page The Emperour was comming in person to be present at the pastimes which were to be made All the people thought the triumphes would be disgraced if the waggoner thus imprisoned were not deliuered Therefore with one voice they besought the gouernour that he would vpon their intreaty deliuer him He answering them arrogantly and vsing some opprobrious words vnto them with the which the people thought themselues wronged the raised a commotion and in a fury tooke armes and killed the Gouernour and some of the
the Virgin Mary Why then hauing bestowed so great a benefite on her should he deny her the grace of preseruation which was fitting and conuenient for her He exempted and priuiledged her from the paines of child-birth and from being turned vnto dust which be generall lawes was it not also reason that he should exempt and set her free from originall sinne Eua who was the cause occasion of all our euill as S. Anselme saith was created in grace is it meere then that Mary by whom we haue had so great good should be thought to be conceiued in sinne Moreouer they which be conceiued in originall sinne be called by the Apostle children of wrath and slaues to the deuill and to say so of the most B. virgin is a thing most inconuenient Further a good sonne ought to doe to his mother all the honour that he can and in not doing of it it seemeth he doth not intyrely fulfill the precept of God to honour his father and mother Our Lord IESVS is the true Sonne of the glorious Virgin and it is fit he should do that for his mother that any other good sonne would doe to his mother And though the B. Virgin was preserued from it therefore cannot we say that CHRIST was not her Redeemer for that in preseruing of her she was more deeply redeemed for there be two manners of redemptions one preseruatiue and the other subleuatiue or restoring The first is more excellent then the secoÌ„d for it is euident that one shall be more obliged and beholden to him that sustaineth him that he fall not into the durt and myre then vnto him that lifteth him vp out of it and then wipeth his cloths Likewise if God caused a Temple to be builded the most sumptuous and stately that euer any was in the world wherein to set the Arke of the testament which for that it was to conserue the Manna the table of the law and the wand wherewith Moyses did the miracles was to be couered with most fine Gold within without to be made of incorruptible wood more iust it was that God should giue rare and soueraigne perfections vnto the bowells and wombe wherein he would inclose his sonne and where his diuinity should inhabite in a manner ineffable If God commanded the children of Israel to be sanctified when they desired to come and talke with him it shall be then very iust that she who was to be the mother of God and cloth him with his humanity should be adorned with singuler purity God conserued the garments and shoes of the Hebrews in the desert for the space of 40. yeares so that they were neuer torne which thing he did for his honour much more fit was it he should preserue the soule of his mother to the end she should neuer fall out of his fauour or be without grace Ioseph made all the land of Egipt tributary vnto King Pharao except the land of the Priests signifying that our Lord redeemer ought to exempt from the tribute of originall sinne the B. virgin with whose flesh the true Priest after the order of Mâ—lchizedech should be clothed Our holy forefathers though they spoke many great commendations and praises of the B. Virgin yet said they not that she should not be conceiued in originall sinne neither hath any ancient Counsell made any decree or said their opinion in it This came to passe because God hath not declared all thing together at one time vnto his Church nor vnto the faithfull neither was it conuenient to be so Therefore he said vnto his Apostles after he had declared great matters vnto them at his last supper as S. Iohn writeth I haue many things to say but yet you are not capable of them your vnderstanding is not able to conceiue them the holy Ghost shall reueale them vnto you This was true for when the Holy Ghost came he declared all things that were fit for that time and continually doth declare and manifest things Those which are now laid open doe not contradict that which was discouered before yet are not all things which were before hidden and darkned with a cloud discouered and opened all together for some Counsels of our times doe declare some things belonging to faith which our forefathers did not And so the saying that the mother of God was conceiued without sinne was hidden and secret many yeares which was a thing not without cause The reason might be this That the common people was ordinarily so deuote to her that if it had bene published and affirmed in former times when things were not so well declared and when that they which had erred could not so well haue bene instructed and reformed as it is fit they should in such a case it might haue bene that the B. Virgin should haue bene adored for God To auoide this inconuenience it seemeth good reason this secret should be kept close At this present time the Church hath opened this secret in giuing leaue that we may hold and beleeue that the glorious Virgin was conceiued without sinne And when the Church graunteth this licence is it not necessary for vs which be so much obliged to her and trauell to serue her to seeke out such reasons and meanes how it should be And so much the more for that beside the former reasons alleaged there be many more which ought to enforce any curious person or man of an indifferent vnderstanding The first is that though the ancient fathers say not in plaine words that the B. Virgin was conceiued without sinne but rather seeme to infer the contrary for it was conformable to their time yet is it most sure that if they had written in our time they would haue said and written otherwise then that they now write for all that I say they all namely S. Bernard giue a note touching the Virgin saying that whatsoeuer is honorable and and can be said in praise of any saint ought to be attributed vnto her with surplusage and aduantage But being so as it is said that many saints after baptisme sinned not mortally as S. Nicholas S. Bernard S. Thomas Aquinas and others If it be said which is an Article of the Catholicke faith that S. Iohn Baptist and Ieremie were sanctified in their mothers womb it is apparant by the rule giuen that this and much more may be said and beleeued of the B. Virgin Then shee was not only sanctified in her mothers womb but also preserued from all sinne He spoke not much from the purpose that said That when IESVS CHRIST said by S. Iohn Baptist that among the sonnes of women there was not a greater arose then Iohn Baptist though the Greeke text saith no prophet yet the Latine text from which it is not lawfull to appele saith none borne of a woman theÌ„ the B. Virgin being greater and more holy then Iohn Baptist as all confesse and graunt when our Sauiour saith none arose she is excepted for she
Pope and Confessor THE prophet Malachy said Cap 2. The lippes of the priests ought to keep wisedome and the lawe must be learned from their mouths for he is the Angell of the Lord God of Hosts These be the properties of a good priest And for that S. Damasus was really good this sentence fitteth and agreeth vnto him For the prophet saying that the lippes of the priests ought to keep wisedome he would inferre that they should be wise and so was S. Damasus That the lawe must be learned from his mouth this also agreeth â—ohâ—m for that he expounded many important things of the faith there being celebrated in his time diuers councels in which many things apperteinyng to the faith were determined which he approued That the priest is the Angell of our Lord agreeth most fitly vnto S. Damasus for that his life was Angelicall Chast and honest The which taken out of the â—ontificale and other graue authors is as followeth POPE Damasus was a Spayniard borne the Sonne of one Antonius It is hard to say for certein of what prouince therof he was Doctor Beuther in the history of Spaine saith he was of Taragona Maâ—yneus saith he was of Madrill and that in the Church of S. Saluator of that citty there is some letters that say so Vaseus saith he was a Portughez and borne in Guimaranes a place in the countrey called Beyond Duero and Minio three leagues from Braga There is no particuler knowledg of his life and for what cause he came to Rome and what he did there vntill he was Pope onely it is said that Liberius his Predecessor being banished from Rome he neuer abandoned him and he took such kindnes at his charity and consolation at his words that he told him he should be his successor in the chaire of S. Peter after his death And that which the good Pope Liberius said came afterward to passe Assoone as Damasus was elected Pope there fell great contention betweene those his electors and the friends of Vrsicinus the deacon They fell from words to blowes in the cathedrall Church of Licinius so that many were wounded and some slaine on both parts The which as we may well beleeue happened against the will of Damasus When th' emperor Valentinian was certified of this vprore and tumult he took order to displace Vrsicinus wherupon Damasus was coÌ„firmed peaceably in the Apostolik dignity Of this schisme of this broile mention is made by S. Ierome Ammianus Marcellinus Ruffinus Theodoretus Sozomenus the other authors of the ecclesiasticall historyes After a few dayes the faction of Vrsicinus seing they could not preuaile against Damasus this way suborned two lewd men that were deacons the one was called Concordius the other Callistus who accused the holy Pope of Adultery He was enforced to defend his cause publikly which moued him to call a councell of 40. Bishops to be kept at Rome who treating of his cause found him innocent and without fault and condemned his accusers cast them out of the bosome of the Church In the same Councell with consent of the fathers that were present therin it was ordeined that the punishement duâ— vnto the accused if he were not found guilty should be inflicted vpon the accuser if he failed in his proofe S. Damasus was a famous Pope and did many things in the defence of the faith in the gouernment of the Church for the which he is comended diuersly by all the writers of that time Theodoretus saith that Damasus was an admirable man and worthy of souerein praise and adorned with the splendour of many vertues S. Ierome writing vnto Pammachius among other praises of Damasus saith he was a virgin as a true Pope of the Church pure without spot S. Ambrose saith that Damasus was chosen to the papacy by the ordinance of God The fathers of the sixth Constantinopolitan CouÌ„cell call him the Adamant of the faith for his firme constancy against diuers heresyes In the time of S. Damasus was celebrated one of the foure Generall Councells of the which S. Gregory saith that he reuerenced them as the foure Ghospells and this was the first Councell of Constantinople in thâ— which were assembled 150. prelats in the time of th'emperour Theodosius and they all with one consent confessed the faith of the Nicens Councell and condemned Macedonius and other heretiks and Damasus confirmed all the decrees of that Councell In his time was celebrated another Councell at Aquilegia also This good pastor laboured not only to destroy the heretiques and heresies but also to take away the abuses which had crept into the Chuch this was one From the time of the primitiue Church there was a kind of priests who serued in the place where was fewe people as in the villages These kept company with the Bishops and were called Chorepiscopi and at that time they were thought to be conuenient and fit to be there for a principall charge of the Bishops was to prouide things necessary for the poore and to distribute among them the goods of the Church in helping the sick and needy And bycause the Bishop alone could not performe all things with his owne person he had need of some others to help him These Chorepiscopi though they had not a greater function or degree thâ—n other priests yet they began to intrude themselfs vpon pâ—ide into some things apperteining only to the office of a Bishop as to consecrat deacons subdeacons nonnes Churches Crisme wherfore it was fit to remedy and take away the abuse And so the Church by a publick decree ordeined that the Chorepiscopi should be taken away considering that our Lord IESVS had only Apostles whom the Bishops represented and disciples represented by the priests And that there was neuer any such order in the Church different from others wherfore the holy Pope Damasus in one epistle among many which he wrote saith that in the Catholik Church there neither be nor ought to be any Chorepiscopi as needfull yea rather the contrary is true and the holy Canons are expressely against them By this diligence of the holy Pope grewe in the Church of God a vniuersall peace and repose th'emperour Theodosius helping thereto who was in like maner a Spainiard borne in Italica a city not far from Ciuill This quiet repose of the Church gaue time and meanes to the good Pope Damasus to build some Churches in Rome As he builded one to the most blessed martir S. Laurence with a goodly pallace which vntill our time serueth for the Popes Chauncery and is called S Laurence in Damaso he builded another out of Rome in the way to Ardea at the Catacumbe where he consecrated Platonia which was the sepulcher of S. Peter the Apostle and there he offered many vessells of siluer and brasse Also he beautified another Church of S. LaureÌ„ce with rich guifts S. Damasus wrote some works of which are extant 5. decretall epistles and a work in
any countenance The day next ensuing wherein the Archbishop in the presence of Pope and Cardinals was to deliuer the state of all the controuersie hauing first related the glorie wherin he liued before the exceeding great fauours which his Maiestie had shewed him the respect which all the kingdome did beare vnto him how all thinges flowed euen according to his will vntill the time of his Maiesties indignation hauing furthermore declared how easily he could yet be reconciled and winne the Prince his fauour againe and be admitted into as great grace as euer before and that without any bodies mediation in case he would swarue from his constant resolution and subscribe to that which the king demaunded Hauing also shewed how although he abounded not in witte yet he was not so destitute of common sence as to leese matters of such weight for only trifles Lastly hauing told them how that for the same cause for which he had lost all other temporall goods he would most willingly sacrifice the verie last drop of his bloud But whether quoth he rashly and vnaduisedly led by curiositie and ambition or discreetly and vertuously moued thereunto by a well grounded resolution let these serue for witnesse and euidence And with that he drew forth the originall coppie of those Articles which his Maiestie would haue established as auncient and royall Prerogatiues Which Articles being read not only the Pope but also those Cardinals who before were offended with the Archbishop did now with teares thanke almightie God for giuing him grace and constancie to withstand such pernicious constitutions so oftentimes reprooued condemned by Generall Councels and sacred Canons And all of them with one assent concluded that to helpe the Archbishop was in his person to succoure the vniuersall Church of God There Thomas would haue resigned his dignitie and drawing to that purpose his ring from his finger and offering it vp most humbly besought his holinesse to prouide a more fit and worthie Pastoure to rule his flocke It seemed not conuenient to the Pope to condescend vnto his requests nay rather he confirmed him in his dignitie to the end other Prelats should not in like cases slacken in their duetie and feare in future times to withstand Princes willes in matters that were damageable to the Catholique Church seing one that had so valiantly fought in her defence depriued of the dignitie of Archbishop And promising him to doe his best endeuoure to reconcile him vnto his king he commended him to an Abbot of a monasterie called Pontiniacum of the order called Cisterciensis which flourished with renoune of sanctitie There S. Thomas liued with an admirable peace and quietnesse of minde amidst all his troubles giuing himselfe wholely to reading to prayer and meditation chastizing his bodie with extraordinarie rigour and penance His dyet was certaine vnsauourie rootes and herbes other grosse meates which he himselfe eate though priuately bestowing all other daintyer dishes vpon the sicke the needy Next to his skinne he euermore did weare a long rough haireshirt that couered all his bodie from the necke to the knees His disciplines were vsuall and verie cruell and sometimes for a greater mortification he would standnaked in a cold ycie riuer vntill such time as he was almost frozen And accordingly to this his life did seeme a continuall death All which austerities though he did couragiously vndergoe them with a cheerefull countenance at length did cast him into such a sicknes that he was euen at the point of death But none of these things did afflict him at all in comparison of the griefe which he receaued by the banishment of his friends For the king first confiscating all the goods of the Archbishop proceeded in like manner against all his kindred and such as by familiaritie or any other title had dependance of him and afterwards neither sparing age nor sexe nor qualitie nor condition banished them from out of all his dominions compelling such as might for age to sweare they would goe vnto the Archbishoppe wheresoeuer he was and complaine of him as of the sole cause of their miserie losses ruine and destruction The calamitie of so manie innocent people banished for his sake yet without his fault did greatly grieue the good Archbishop he offered vp these troubles commended their cause to God and his friends who so bountifully prouided for the banished that in a short time none did feele any want and many found that plentie in forraine countries which they had lost for Gods sake in their owne The king moued thereunto by his officers did not desist to further molest the Archbishop For writing to the Generall chapter of the Cistercienses he threatned all their order with grieuous punishments if they kept his enemie any longer in their monasterie S. Thomas vnderstanding this lest those good religious men should suffer any damage for his sake departed from thence of his owne accord and with licence of Lewes king of Fraunce who appointed him a Princely allowance out of his owne Exchequer went to make his aboade in the cittie of Sens where hee was most ioyfully and honorably welcomed by Hughe Archbishop of that citty and all his cleargy The Kings Maiestie of England endeuoured also to cast him out of Fraunce and to that purpose did send an Embassage and write his letters complayning against Thomas sometimes Archbishop of Canterbury who like a Traitour had fled out of his cuntrey desiring King Lewes not to relieue him nor permit him to abide any longer in his countrey Thomas sometimes Archbishop of Canterbury quoth the King And who I pray you hath deposed him Certes I account my selfe as absolute a King with as full authority as the King of England yet neither may I nor can I depose the meanest priest of all my kingdome Tell your King that he will not suffer those which he calleth auncient prerogatiues to be abrogated nor any wayes impaired although as men say they be not so conformable to the law of God Much lesse reason theÌ„ haue I to ouerthrow this auncient custome hereditary to the crowne of Fraunce which euen from time out of memorie hath vsed to cherish relieue and defend all that are distressed and exiled especially for iustice Wherefore following herein my auncestoures most royall steppes and trusting to the protection of God I will not diminish one iotâ—e of this accustomed fauour to my Lord of Canterbury at the intreaty or suggestion of any person Many strange meanes were vsed also to withdraw the Popes affection from S. Thomas and winne his good will to fauoure the King against the Archbishop and with cunning dissimulation close vp the matter so that the King should admitte the Archbishop into his fauour and restore him peacebly to his Sea but with this addition sauing the dignitie of his kingdome and Thomas should promise to obserue the royall Prerogatiues without adding this clause Sauing the liberty of the Church And surely some of the Cardinals had