belly_n colic_n flux_n etc._n etc._n but_o person_n of_o a_o hot_a constitution_n ought_v to_o use_v it_o moderate_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o inflame_v the_o blood_n most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o china_n abound_v as_o well_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o eatable_n as_o medicinal_a herb_n we_o will_v descend_v a_o little_a to_o particular_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n kingyang_n grow_v a_o herb_n call_v kinsu_v which_o for_o its_o resemblance_n to_o a_o tuft_n of_o yellow_a hair_n the_o chineses_n call_v the_o golden_a or_o the_o gold_n thread_n of_o silkworm_n it_o be_v of_o a_o bitter_a taste_n and_o rather_o of_o a_o cool_a then_o warm_v quality_n it_o cure_v all_o manner_n of_o scurf_n of_o the_o body_n here_o also_o grow_v another_o herb_n call_v quei_z good_a against_o melancholy_n and_o occasion_v joy_n and_o gladness_n of_o heart_n if_o take_v inward_o near_o to_o cingcheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n lie_v some_o island_n wherein_o grow_v a_o herb_n call_v lungsiu_n which_o make_v horse_n strong_a and_o swift_a if_o they_o eat_v of_o the_o same_o also_o near_o the_o same_o city_n grow_v the_o herb_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n so_o common_o call_v but_o they_o far_o affirm_v of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v immortal_a and_o never_o die_v the_o water_n wherein_o the_o same_o have_v be_v infuse_v be_v drink_v make_v white_a hair_n black_a and_o be_v very_o good_a to_o prolong_v life_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o several_a other_o incomparable_a herb_n which_o be_v use_v among_o they_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o distemper_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanyeu_n grow_v a_o certain_a herb_n very_o high_a among_o the_o rock_n which_o will_v not_o burn_v when_o fling_v into_o the_o fire_n and_o there_o keep_v for_o some_o time_n only_o it_o will_v turn_v a_o little_a red_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o fire_n present_o recover_v its_o pristine_a and_o natural_a colour_n yet_o although_o it_o resist_v fire_n it_o immediate_o turn_v to_o dirt_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o kiunchen_n grow_v the_o herb_n chifung_a so_o call_v because_o it_o show_v which_o way_n the_o wind_n blow_v the_o seaman_n say_v they_o can_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o what_o stormy_a wether_n they_o shall_v have_v before_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o chincheu_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o cloth_n of_o a_o certain_a herb_n call_v thou_o which_o be_v esteem_v far_o before_o silk_n and_o much_o dear_a but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o near_o to_o lipe_v they_o make_v cloth_n of_o a_o herb_n very_o like_o hemp_n and_o call_v co_n which_o be_v very_o commodious_a in_o summer_n the_o chinese_n physician_n say_v that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n tiengo_n grow_v above_o a_o hundred_o sort_n of_o simple_n all_o of_o very_o sovereign_a virtue_n but_o among_o all_o other_o china_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o herb_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi and_o whereof_o the_o native_n and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n make_v their_o liquor_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o herb._n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a difference_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v and_o use_v this_o liquor_n between_o the_o chinese_n and_o those_o of_o japan_n for_o that_o the_o japanner_n beat_v the_o leave_v to_o a_o powder_n and_o mingle_v it_o with_o boil_a water_n in_o a_o cup_n which_o they_o afterward_o drink_v off_o but_o the_o chineses_n put_v the_o leave_v whole_a into_o a_o pot_n of_o boil_a water_n which_o have_v lie_v in_o steep_a for_o some_o time_n they_o sip_v off_o hot_a without_o swallow_v down_o any_o of_o the_o leave_n but_o only_o the_o quintessence_n thereof_o extract_v other_o prepare_v it_o with_o milk_n and_o a_o little_a salt_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o be_v not_o so_o well_o approve_v but_o however_o prepare_v it_o be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o china_n and_o other_o part_n of_o india_n but_o be_v much_o use_v likewise_o in_o divers_a other_o country_n and_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n that_o they_o find_v much_o good_a by_o it_o enhance_v the_o price_n and_o make_v the_o same_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o a_o very_a dear_a rate_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n hacheu_o be_v great_a store_n of_o hemp_n but_o no_o flax_n grow_v in_o all_o the_o empire_n in_o kiangsi_n near_o the_o city_n kienchang_n grow_v a_o sort_n of_o rice_n so_o far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n for_o goodness_n that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o send_v for_o his_o own_o store_n from_o thence_o and_o for_o its_o excellency_n the_o chineses_n call_v it_o silver-cron_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n kingyang_n grow_v another_o sort_n of_o rice_n use_v by_o the_o people_n to_o purge_v the_o body_n and_o cause_n urine_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n tienno_n near_o the_o city_n hangcheu_o grow_v mushroom_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o will_v keep_v good_a a_o whole_a year_n either_o dry_v or_o pickle_a this_o country_n produce_v abundance_n of_o cotton_n the_o seed_n whereof_o be_v bring_v thither_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o though_o this_o fruit_n do_v likewise_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n at_o present_a as_o in_o arabia_n upon_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n maltha_n in_o sicily_n and_o in_o egypt_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o since_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o profitable_a commodity_n for_o trade_n in_o china_n to_o give_v this_o brief_a description_n thereof_o it_o grow_v upon_o a_o stalk_v almost_o three_o foot_n high_a cover_v with_o a_o red_a bark_n and_o full_a of_o prickle_n divide_v itself_o into_o several_a branch_n the_o leave_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_o those_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o for_o bigness_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o those_o of_o the_o mast-tree_n it_o bear_v a_o flower_n which_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o outside_n and_o red_a in_o the_o middle_n from_o which_o proceed_v a_o round_a fruit_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o apple_n wherein_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a the_o wool_n lie_v conceal_v which_o be_v afterward_o gather_v sell_v and_o dispose_v of_o to_o several_a uses_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o cotton-tree_n be_v general_o alike_o only_o here_o and_o there_o some_o be_v smooth_a soft_a and_o more_o even_a than_o other_o in_o some_o place_n of_o china_n bean_n may_v be_v see_v grow_v upon_o tree_n a_o sort_n of_o which_o near_o the_o city_n changchang_n be_v repute_v good_a against_o poison_n the_o province_n of_o quantung_n produce_v abundance_n of_o osier_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o rope_n twist_v together_o by_o nature_n of_o which_o there_o be_v whole_a mountain_n full_a in_o this_o province_n which_o be_v put_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o divers_a uses_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v very_o tough_a and_o will_v not_o easy_o break_v they_o make_v sometime_o cordage_n thereof_o for_o vessel_n but_o their_o best_a use_n be_v to_o make_v soft_a mattress_n upon_o which_o most_o of_o the_o people_n the_o grandee_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o lay_v themselves_o naked_a when_o they_o go_v to_o sleep_v very_o neat_a and_o clean_o be_v this_o furniture_n and_o withal_o very_o cool_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o though_o the_o mattress_n be_v only_o spread_v one_o the_o bare_a floor_n yet_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o lie_v on_o have_v be_v no_o otherwise_o accustom_a the_o whole_a island_n of_o hainan_n be_v full_a of_o these_o osier_n especial_o of_o the_o best_a which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o white_a rota_n of_o flower_n there_o be_v several_a rare_a and_o well_o scent_v flower_n which_o grow_v in_o these_o part_n that_o be_v unknown_a to_o those_o of_o europe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o chungk_v grow_v a_o certain_a flower_n call_v meutang_n in_o high_a esteem_n among_o they_o and_o therefore_o call_v the_o king_n of_o flower_n it_o differ_v very_o little_a in_o fashion_n from_o the_o european_a rose_n but_o be_v much_o large_a and_o spread_v it_o leave_v far_a abroad_o it_o far_o surpass_v the_o rose_n in_o beauty_n but_o fall_v short_a in_o richness_n of_o scent_n it_o have_v no_o thorn_n or_o prickle_n and_o be_v general_o of_o a_o white_a colour_n mingle_v with_o a_o little_a purple_a yet_o there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v yellow_a and_o red_a this_o flower_n grow_v upon_o a_o bush_n and_o be_v careful_o cherish_v and_o plant_v in_o all_o garden_n belong_v to_o the_o grandee_n for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o choice_a flower_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o the_o city_n tan_n be_v a_o great_a cataract_n
province_n of_o huquang_n be_v catch_v many_o dainty_a lamprey_n in_o the_o river_n lofeu_n near_o to_o the_o city_n kiagan_n be_v the_o pool_n mie_n in_o which_o be_v breed_v a_o sort_n of_o fish_n as_o sweet_a as_o honey_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o city_n canghoa_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cienk_v upon_o which_o be_v a_o pool_n famous_a for_o the_o yellow_a or_o goldfish_n that_o be_v in_o it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fish_n about_o a_o finger_n length_n with_o a_o fork_a tail_n but_o be_v in_o very_o great_a esteem_n at_o the_o choice_a table_n so_o that_o the_o grandee_n have_v they_o common_o in_o their_o fishpond_n for_o their_o pleasure_n and_o use._n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n namyang_n run_v the_o river_n tan_n wherein_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n but_o never_o else_o be_v take_v red_a fish_n before_o and_o after_o which_o time_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o regard_n they_o hide_v themselves_o near_o to_o the_o island_n hainan_n be_v catch_v whale_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o hollander_n and_o english_a take_v they_o in_o the_o north_n about_o greenland_n whereof_o they_o make_v oil_n which_o serve_v for_o several_a use_n of_o these_o common_o some_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o foot_n long_o the_o head_n whereof_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o snout_n be_v two_o round_a holes_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o will_v take_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o spout_v it_o out_o again_o with_o a_o mighty_a force_n in_o stead_n of_o eye_n they_o have_v two_o thin_a skin_n which_o stick_v out_o and_o be_v three_o yard_n long_o and_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o cover_v over_o with_o stuff_n like_a unto_o flock_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o ear_n which_o be_v much_o small_a without_o than_o within_o whereby_o they_o be_v very_o quick_a of_o hear_v it_o have_v a_o very_a large_a mouth_n with_o lip_n of_o so_o great_a a_o thickness_n that_o they_o have_v sometime_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o weight_n of_o fat_a upon_o they_o the_o tongue_n which_o be_v about_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o and_o ten_o broad_a rest_v upon_o eight_o hundred_o small_a and_o great_a peg_n or_o tooth_n which_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o stuff_n like_o horsehair_n to_o preserve_v the_o tongue_n from_o be_v hurt_v as_o it_o lie_v upon_o they_o they_o feed_v upon_o fish_n and_o the_o froth_n and_o scum_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v once_o one_o take_v that_o have_v forty_o cod-fish_n in_o her_o belly_n the_o tail_n be_v at_o the_o end_n almost_o twenty_o eight_o foot_n broad_a and_o two_o thick_a the_o male_n have_v a_o pizzle_n about_o fourteen_o foot_n long_o they_o bring_v forth_o but_o one_o at_o a_o time_n and_o that_o in_o the_o harvest_n which_o stay_v by_o the_o female_a under_o the_o protection_n of_o her_o fin_n till_o it_o be_v grow_v of_o a_o large_a size_n it_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o swordfish_n which_o be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n unto_o it_o and_o who_o with_o its_o sharp_a see_v endeavour_n to_o rip_v open_a the_o tender_a belly_n of_o this_o prodigy_n of_o nature_n the_o manner_n of_o kill_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o describe_v by_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o relation_n thereof_o of_o creep_v creature_n near_a fungciang_n be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o black_a snake_n who_o flesh_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o composition_n of_o medicine_n that_o be_v prescribe_v as_o antidote_n against_o poison_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o the_o city_n hangang_n be_v snake_n with_o white_a speckled_a skin_n who_o flesh_n have_v for_o a_o convenient_a season_n be_v infuse_v in_o wine_n make_v the_o same_o a_o very_a sovereign_a remedy_n against_o lameness_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o snake_n which_o physical_o use_v be_v very_o good_a against_o the_o scurf_n and_o itch._n of_o vermine_n the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v subject_a among_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n to_o this_o that_o it_o have_v more_o want_n of_o rain_n than_o the_o other_o northern_a part_n and_o this_o occasion_n every_o where_o such_o infinite_a swarm_n of_o grasshopper_n that_o they_o continual_o devour_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o field_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o care_n and_o and_o industrious_a diligence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o prevent_v the_o same_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o there_o be_v very_o seldom_o any_o green_a grass_n to_o be_v see_v in_o that_o whole_a province_n but_o these_o very_a vermin_n supply_v the_o defect_n they_o cause_v by_o become_v good_a food_n insomuch_o that_o of_o these_o grasshopper_n the_o people_n make_v a_o delicate_a dish_n for_o their_o table_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o china_n have_v great_a number_n of_o silkworm_n but_o in_o no_o part_n be_v they_o in_o so_o great_a abundance_n as_o in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o spend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o time_n in_o tend_v look_v after_o and_o take_v care_n to_o increase_v they_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n the_o tree_n and_o field_n hang_v sometime_o full_a of_o silk_n which_o be_v not_o spin_v by_o the_o forementioned_a silkworm_n but_o another_o sort_n and_o consist_v of_o long_a thread_n of_o white_a silk_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o wind_n upon_o the_o tree_n and_o house_n be_v gather_v together_o of_o this_o sort_n they_o weave_v stuff_n but_o it_o be_v far_o courser_n then_o that_o which_o be_v weave_v of_o the_o former_a but_o this_o be_v recompense_v by_o its_o durableness_n for_o it_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o china_n be_v also_o find_v several_a strange_a creature_n which_o live_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o land_n as_o in_o the_o water_n namely_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n in_o the_o river_n of_o siang_n live_v a_o certain_a creature_n like_o a_o horse_n only_o in_o stead_n of_o hair_n it_o have_v scale_n upon_o the_o body_n and_o claw_n like_o a_o tiger_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fierce_a and_o cruel_a nature_n and_o will_v fasten_v upon_o any_o thing_n when_o it_o come_v out_o of_o the_o water_n whether_o man_n or_o beast_n in_o quantung_n near_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o be_v a_o creature_n which_o be_v neither_o fish_n nor_o fowl_n but_o between_o both_o for_o all_o the_o summer_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o therefore_o call_v hoangcioya_n and_o keep_v upon_o the_o mountain_n but_o in_o the_o winter_n it_o turn_v fish_n again_o and_o betake_v itself_o to_o the_o water_n the_o people_n eat_v of_o it_o with_o great_a delight_n and_o satisfaction_n near_o the_o city_n caocheu_o in_o the_o river_n co_n be_v abundance_n of_o very_a mischievous_a crocodile_n they_o be_v by_o the_o indian_n call_v caiman_n have_v a_o hide_n as_o hard_o as_o iron_n and_o only_o soft_a upon_o the_o belly_n this_o caiman_n have_v a_o broad_a forehead_n and_o a_o hog-like_a snout_n with_o a_o very_a wide_a mouth_n its_o tooth_n be_v large_a white_z and_o strong_a fix_v in_o both_o the_o jaw_n whereof_o only_o the_o uppermost_a move_v for_o the_o lowermost_a be_v fix_v and_o immovable_a it_o have_v no_o tongue_n but_o only_o a_o skiâ—_n that_o cleave_v to_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v much_o like_o a_o tongue_n it_o have_v large_a round_o black_a eye_n the_o leg_n be_v strong_a and_o the_o foot_n arm_v with_o sharp_a nail_n the_o tail_n be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o can_v live_v four_o month_n without_o eat_v but_o at_o last_o be_v hungry_a he_o howl_v or_o cry_v out_o like_o a_o man._n these_o serpent_n be_v very_o swift_a of_o foot_n but_o can_v so_o well_o wind_n and_o turn_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o stiff_a back-bone_n they_o be_v not_o only_o find_v here_o but_o in_o other_o part_n of_o india_n africa_n asia_n and_o america_n especial_o in_o the_o river_n nile_n in_o egypt_n they_o live_v upon_o fish_n or_o flesh_n and_o when_o they_o come_v ashore_o they_o prey_v upon_o cattle_n when_o they_o couple_v the_o male_a lay_v the_o female_a upon_o she_o back_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o foot_n he_o can_v not_o copulate_v the_o female_a lay_n sixty_o egg_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n egg_n and_o be_v hatch_n of_o they_o sixty_o day_n there_o be_v no_o creature_n to_o be_v find_v that_o from_o so_o small_a a_o beginning_n grow_v to_o such_o a_o largeness_n for_o some_o be_v thirty_o foot_n long_o they_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o the_o tiger_n serpent_n scorpion_n etc._n etc._n but_o at_o amity_n with_o hog_n which_o they_o
a_o sort_n of_o wild_a people_n that_o live_v among_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n they_o begin_v the_o mischief_n and_o open_v the_o floodgate_n of_o rebellion_n by_o subtle_o oppose_v the_o authority_n that_o be_v over_o they_o their_o first_o work_n be_v to_o fall_v a_o plunder_v or_o in_o plain_a english_a steal_v without_o any_o exception_n of_o person_n whatsoever_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o in_o which_o their_o rebellious_a and_o unlawful_a undertake_v be_v successful_a they_o at_o last_o resolve_v to_o make_v a_o open_a war_n and_o to_o that_o end_n lay_v siege_n to_o chingtu_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n which_o they_o have_v without_o doubt_n take_v have_v not_o the_o abovementioned_a amazon_n opportune_o come_v to_o its_o rescue_n for_o these_o insolent_a and_o now_o command_a thief_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o fame_n of_o her_o extraordinary_a courage_n be_v strike_v with_o such_o a_o terror_n that_o upon_o the_o first_o inkling_n of_o her_o approach_n they_o immediate_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o city_n with_o great_a loss_n but_o this_o though_o for_o a_o while_o it_o divert_v they_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o so_o deter_v they_o as_o to_o make_v they_o cease_v from_o any_o far_a attempt_n for_o return_v towards_o the_o mountain_n they_o present_o rally_v again_o and_o recruit_v their_o force_n with_o some_o fresh_a supply_n wherewith_o they_o continue_v to_o forage_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n to_o heighten_v and_o encourage_v the_o insolence_n of_o these_o villain_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la there_o have_v pass_v a_o unjust_a sentence_n in_o a_o certain_a cause_n between_o two_o great_a man_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o against_o who_o the_o cause_n go_v endeavour_v the_o same_o reverse_v but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o endeavour_n as_o well_o by_o himself_o as_o friend_n and_o alliance_n there_o be_v no_o good_a to_o be_v do_v therein_o the_o robber_n after_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o siege_n keep_v themselves_o in_o great_a number_n upon_o the_o mountain_n without_o make_v any_o further_a disturbance_n but_o they_o send_v to_o this_o injure_a person_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o if_o he_o please_v to_o accept_v of_o their_o power_n they_o will_v stand_v by_o he_o with_o their_o life_n to_o help_v he_o to_o redress_v his_o wrong_n provide_v he_o will_v become_v their_o general_n and_o be_v assistant_n to_o they_o in_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o their_o design_n this_o great_a person_n possess_v yet_o with_o fury_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o be_v not_o long_o in_o consult_v but_o present_o accept_v of_o their_o offer_n look_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o the_o best_a and_o most_o likely_a mean_n not_o only_o to_o repair_v his_o damage_n but_o to_o revenge_v himself_o also_o upon_o knowledge_n of_o this_o acceptance_n these_o robber_n submit_v with_o extraordinary_a alacrity_n to_o his_o command_n and_o authority_n wherein_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o invest_v but_o first_o of_o all_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o judge_n that_o give_v the_o sentence_n who_o they_o immediate_o kill_v then_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o army_n of_o the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n which_o they_o quick_o rout_v and_o put_v to_o slight_a but_o he_o rally_v his_o force_n turn_v back_o again_o upon_o they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v into_o the_o mountain_n with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o they_o recruit_v again_o but_o keep_v in_o their_o hold_n till_o they_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o show_v themselves_o again_o as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o those_o depredation_n together_o with_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o grasshopper_n which_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o grass_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n in_o the_o seven_o northern_a province_n of_o china_n cause_v a_o scarcity_n of_o provision_n and_o consequent_o a_o great_a dearness_n give_v a_o very_a great_a occasion_n to_o the_o rise_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o thief_n which_o happen_v chief_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_n another_o provocation_n or_o instigation_n be_v that_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n be_v of_o a_o covetous_a and_o miserable_a nature_n will_v have_v notwithstanding_o the_o dearâ—h_n the_o usual_a yearly_a tax_n pay_v he_o as_o in_o a_o fruitful_a year_n which_o exaction_n set_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o province_n upon_o plot_v against_o he_o and_o at_o length_n to_o join_v with_o the_o robber_n by_o who_o assistance_n in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o bring_v eight_o strong_a army_n into_o the_o field_n appoint_v for_o their_o general_n such_o as_o they_o count_v the_o most_o valiant_a man_n among_o they_o these_o robber_n and_o mutineer_n have_v now_o thus_o strengthen_v themselves_o with_o force_n and_o get_v great_a store_n of_o wealth_n by_o prey_v and_o steal_v resolve_v not_o to_o rest_v here_o but_o drive_v high_a design_n in_o their_o head_n and_o aim_v at_o great_a matter_n they_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o reduce_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o their_o subjection_n and_o dethrone_v the_o emperor_n for_o the_o accomplish_n whereof_o and_o advancing_z himself_o every_o one_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n think_v himself_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o get_v that_o morsel_n and_o fancy_v himself_o capable_a and_o fit_a to_o bear_v so_o weighty_a a_o burden_n with_o which_o ambitious_a thought_n puff_v up_o each_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o other_o every_o one_o be_v in_o hope_n to_o be_v conqueror_n and_o to_o encircle_v his_o head_n with_o the_o royal_a diadem_n and_o ennoble_v his_o posterity_n blood_n by_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o war_n continue_v till_o six_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n be_v slay_v and_o only_o the_o two_o stout_a licungzus_n and_o changhienchungus_n leave_v alive_a to_o dispute_v the_o quarrel_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a bring_v this_o to_o pass_v each_o endeavour_v to_o win_v to_o his_o party_n the_o force_n of_o the_o other_o slay_v general_n to_o strengthen_v themselves_o for_o to_o such_o a_o height_n be_v their_o ambition_n grow_v that_o there_o be_v no_o thought_n of_o divide_v the_o stake_n between_o they_o each_o resolve_v to_o be_v aut_fw-la caesar_n aut_fw-la nihil_fw-la so_o strange_o be_v they_o lift_v up_o with_o the_o thought_n of_o sovereignty_n fill_v with_o these_o aspire_a thought_n these_o two_o general_n take_v several_a way_n to_o advance_v their_o interest_n and_o design_n licungzus_n with_o his_o force_n fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o honan_n but_o the_o other_o imagine_v to_o get_v the_o best_a booty_n in_o those_o of_o suchue_n and_o huquang_n march_v thither_o so_o that_o now_o they_o no_o long_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o as_o former_o but_o seek_v wealth_n and_o booty_n be_v remove_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o these_o transaction_n the_o emperor_n concern_v begin_v to_o look_v with_o a_o have_v countenance_n as_o if_o the_o government_n itself_o be_v sudden_o to_o undergo_v some_o fatal_a alteration_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n have_v in_o their_o former_a war_n make_v such_o havoc_n of_o brave_a commander_n that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o left_a who_o knowledge_n in_o military_a discipline_n capacitate_v they_o for_o conduct_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v march_v to_o subdue_v these_o rebellious_a plunderer_n under_o the_o two_o general_n licungzus_n in_o the_o year_n 1641._o march_v with_o his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la after_o he_o have_v whole_o plunder_v and_o destroy_v its_o chief_a city_n into_o the_o plentiful_a province_n of_o honan_n direct_o to_o the_o famous_a city_n caifung_a which_o he_o present_o begird_v and_o block_v up_o so_o close_o that_o there_o be_v no_o go_v in_o nor_o come_v out_o but_o the_o place_n be_v well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o provision_n the_o siege_n be_v soon_o raise_v and_o the_o besieger_n constrain_v to_o retire_v into_o the_o mountain_n not_o without_o very_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n but_o they_o have_v no_o soon_o recruit_v themselves_o but_o they_o return_v to_o the_o siege_n again_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o have_v surprise_v the_o same_o on_o a_o sudden_a but_o the_o citizen_n have_v private_o receive_v intelligence_n thereof_o and_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n hinder_v they_o from_o effect_v their_o design_n the_o enemy_n be_v thus_o twice_o frustrate_v in_o his_o hope_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o take_v the_o city_n by_o force_n resolve_v to_o compel_v they_o to_o a_o surrender_n by_o a_o long_a and_o close_a siege_n and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o place_n at_o least_o three_o mile_n in_o circumference_n yet_o they_o surround_v the_o same_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o no_o
whatsoever_o they_o find_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n no_o place_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v they_o only_o the_o rich_a and_o famous_a city_n of_o jangcheu_fw-la make_v some_o considerable_a resistance_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o sally_n among_o who_o be_v a_o son_n of_o one_o of_o their_o petty_a king_n this_o city_n be_v command_v by_o one_o zuus_fw-la colaus_n place_v there_o by_o the_o new_a emperor_n to_o who_o he_o prove_v very_o faithful_a for_o he_o defend_v the_o place_n wherein_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o the_o very_a last_o yet_o have_v endure_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a siege_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o relief_n the_o provision_n also_o be_v all_o spend_v he_o be_v force_v to_o deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v all_o as_o well_o the_o soldier_n as_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n plunder_v the_o city_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n the_o tartar_n hereupon_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o chinese_n commander_n go_v over_o to_o they_o and_o be_v either_o continue_v in_o their_o present_a employment_n or_o else_o prefer_v to_o better_a which_o friendly_a and_o favourable_a treat_v such_o officer_n and_o city_n as_o come_v voluntary_o and_o without_o force_n over_o to_o they_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n inflict_v such_o great_a severity_n and_o cruelty_n on_o such_o as_o make_v opposition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o most_o of_o the_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n submit_v themselves_o to_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n and_o misusage_n which_o they_o shall_v otherwise_o undergo_v by_o make_v opposition_n have_v subdue_v these_o place_n the_o next_o thing_n they_o undertake_v be_v against_o the_o city_n of_o nank_v former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n a_o stately_a city_n lie_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n into_o the_o southern_a and_o northern_a division_n and_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o better_a to_o accomplish_v their_o design_n and_o to_o get_v the_o new_a emperor_n into_o their_o hand_n who_o they_o know_v be_v in_o this_o place_n the_o tartar_n provide_v beforehand_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n to_o transport_v they_o over_o the_o river_n but_o the_o chinese_n have_v likewise_o a_o considerable_a fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o valiant_a prince_n hoangchoang_v endeavour_v to_o hinder_v their_o passage_n the_o tartar_n in_o their_o boat_n fall_v upon_o the_o chinese_n fleet_n with_o great_a fury_n which_o be_v as_o manful_o receive_v and_o maintain_v the_o fight_n so_o that_o both_o side_n fight_v valiant_o but_o at_o last_o the_o tartar_n be_v vanquish_v and_o total_o rout_v with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o men._n but_o fortune_n never_o constant_a but_o in_o her_o inconstancy_n do_v not_o long_o favour_v this_o brave_a general_n for_o a_o while_n after_o he_o be_v most_o treacherous_o kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n a_o traitor_n who_o have_v long_o before_o be_v hire_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o perpetrate_v this_o villainy_n one_o thienus_n a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n who_o from_o his_o very_a childhood_n have_v serve_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o as_o this_o act_n in_o itself_o be_v direful_a so_o the_o event_n that_o follow_v have_v a_o like_a miserable_a issue_n for_o through_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o this_o excellent_a commander_n the_o chinese_n affair_n begin_v infinite_o to_o decline_v and_o the_o whole_a empire_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o traitor_n thienus_n not_o satisfy_v in_o have_v commit_v this_o foul_a action_n but_o resolve_v to_o add_v villainy_n to_o villainy_n fly_v with_o his_o man_n into_o nank_v under_o colour_n of_o perform_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o faithful_a officer_n but_o in_o truth_n with_o hope_n to_o effect_v some_o other_o treason_n as_o he_o afterward_o do_v for_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a general_n be_v persuade_v by_o this_o thienus_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v get_v over_o the_o river_n with_o their_o army_n understand_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v flee_v they_o send_v great_a party_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o who_o the_o traitor_n be_v present_a see_v approach_n command_v his_o man_n to_o seize_v he_o and_o then_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n in_o july_n 1645._o who_o now_o have_v obtain_v what_o they_o aim_v at_o do_v not_o present_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o carry_v he_o about_o in_o triumph_n and_o at_o length_n bring_v he_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n there_o strangle_v he_o with_o a_o bowstring_n which_o manner_n of_o death_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n and_o thus_o the_o emperor_n hungquang_n come_v to_o his_o end_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o complete_a year_n then_o they_o cause_v the_o youth_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o zungchinius_n and_o who_o they_o find_v in_o prison_n to_o be_v also_o strangle_v and_o not_o only_o these_o but_o all_o other_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n through_o all_o asia_n that_o when_o a_o kingdom_n be_v take_v from_o another_o all_o the_o kindred_n of_o that_o king_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o conqueror_n these_o thing_n thus_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o tartar_n army_n fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v and_o take_v the_o same_o without_o any_o resistance_n or_o so_o much_o as_o â—_o blow_v give_v and_o out_o of_o a_o innate_a hatred_n turn_v the_o imperial_a palace_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n court_n and_o also_o their_o tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n into_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n yet_o never_o offer_v any_o hurt_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n house_n march_v thence_o they_o reduce_v all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o province_n without_o any_o opposition_n they_o free_o submit_v to_o avoid_v their_o cruelty_n this_o province_n thus_o settle_v part_n of_o their_o army_n be_v send_v for_o hangcheu_fw-la the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o chekiang_n and_o the_o other_o part_n march_v over_o the_o river_n kiang_n to_o subdue_v the_o southern_a country_n as_o kiangsi_n huquang_n and_o quantung_v about_o this_o city_n be_v get_v together_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o chinese_n army_n that_o have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n where_o they_o be_v about_o to_o choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n call_v lovangus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n but_o he_o earnest_o refuse_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o dignity_n be_v content_v with_o the_o kingly_a title_n say_v that_o when_o the_o tartar_n be_v beat_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o china_n than_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o it_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o continue_v three_o day_n but_o he_o see_v the_o tartar_n come_v to_o fight_n with_o he_o and_o to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o not_o fright_v therewith_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n encourage_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o manly_a resistance_n which_o they_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o faithful_o perform_v behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a valour_n and_o fidelity_n till_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o be_v overpower_v by_o hunger_n whereupon_o lovangus_n who_o have_v not_o his_o fellow_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o civility_n and_o a_o passionate_a affection_n to_o his_o subject_n go_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o entreat_v the_o tartar_n general_n upon_o his_o knee_n that_o if_o he_o will_v forgive_v the_o city_n and_o inhabitant_n he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o what_o he_o will_v for_o he_o will_v willing_o offer_v up_o himself_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o his_o subject_n safety_n which_o say_v he_o forthwith_o deliver_v himself_o free_o over_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n yet_o be_v enrage_v by_o their_o resistance_n they_o neither_o have_v compassion_n on_o the_o soldier_n nor_o inhabitant_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n who_o can_v not_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n after_o this_o the_o enemy_n take_v the_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la without_o do_v any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o help_n of_o boat_n pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi they_o come_v before_o xaok_v the_o most_o complete_a and_o uniform_a city_n of_o all_o china_n which_o present_o submit_v to_o their_o arm_n without_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v take_v all_o the_o other_o southern_a city_n without_o any_o opposition_n have_v they_o
the_o receive_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n unto_o these_o he_o adjoin_v two_o excellent_a person_n for_o learning_n of_o the_o society_n of_o st._n dominick_n william_n of_o tripoli_n and_o nicolas_n who_o surname_n be_v not_o add_v these_o therefore_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o such_o a_o expedition_n begin_v their_o journey_n to_o the_o east_n and_o at_o length_n after_o a_o long_a voyage_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n enter_v armenia_n where_o they_o find_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o war_n commence_v between_o the_o armenian_n and_o the_o sultan_n of_o babylon_n the_o father_n be_v strike_v with_o fear_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o prosecution_n of_o a_o far_a voyage_n take_v up_o their_o station_n and_o continue_v in_o arâ—â—nia_n but_o nicolas_n with_o his_o son_n marcus_n paulus_n reject_v all_o fear_n of_o danger_n ouâ—_n of_o a_o great_a desire_n which_o they_o have_v to_o give_v the_o great_a cham_fw-mi a_o plenary_a satisfaction_n concern_v his_o embassay_n although_o they_o be_v expose_v to_o great_a hardship_n and_o the_o danger_n of_o unknown_a path_n yet_o at_o last_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n clemenisu_n of_o who_o approach_n when_o cublai_n the_o great_a cham_n be_v acquaint_v he_o command_v his_o messenger_n in_o forty_o day_n space_n to_o set_v forward_o to_o meet_v they_o and_o to_o conduct_v they_o to_o he_o and_o withal_o to_o show_v they_o all_o the_o respect_n that_o may_v be_v and_o to_o let_v they_o want_v for_o nothing_o that_o may_v be_v any_o way_n necessary_a for_o they_o therefore_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o have_v perform_v the_o accustom_a sign_n or_o token_n of_o veneration_n they_o declare_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o embassy_n and_o also_o present_v he_o with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o pope_n together_o with_o a_o viol_n of_o oil_n borrow_a from_o one_o of_o the_o lamp_n our_o saviour_n sepulchre_n he_o admire_v the_o presence_n of_o marcus_n the_o son_n of_o nicolas_n give_v such_o respect_n unto_o both_o of_o they_o that_o he_o admit_v they_o for_o his_o domestic_a attendant_n which_o be_v a_o token_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o make_v use_v of_o nicolas_n as_o a_o ambassador_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o singular_a prudence_n that_o appear_v in_o he_o his_o signal_n dexterity_n in_o dispatch_a business_n and_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o four_o different_a tongue_n he_o send_v he_o on_o divers_a employment_n all_o which_o redound_v unto_o his_o great_a advantage_n and_o when_o he_o discover_v the_o emperor_n to_o be_v delight_v with_o curious_a sight_n of_o nature_n and_o strange_a custom_n whatsoever_o he_o observe_v rare_a admirable_a and_o exotic_a in_o the_o various_a tract_n of_o his_o embassy_n and_o voyage_n those_o he_o collect_v with_o great_a industry_n and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o great_a cham_n by_o which_o you_o can_v hardly_o imagine_v how_o much_o he_o ingratiate_v himself_o in_o his_o favour_n until_o at_o length_n oversway_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o return_v to_o their_o native_a country_n after_o the_o discharge_n of_o many_o embassy_n for_o the_o space_n of_o seventeen_o year_n have_v obtain_v though_o with_o much_o reluctancy_n a_o freedom_n to_o return_v they_o come_v back_o well_o and_o safe_a through_o many_o unknown_a path_n of_o sea_n and_o land_n have_v pass_v innumerable_a region_n unto_o venice_n anno_fw-la 1295._o now_o have_v relate_v this_o by_o the_o way_n there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o that_o i_o shall_v describe_v somewhat_o more_o at_o large_a his_o voyage_n into_o cathay_n see_v many_o thing_n as_o i_o have_v say_v do_v occur_v in_o it_o that_o do_v very_o much_o perplex_v geographer_n have_v sail_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o travel_v through_o anatolia_n armenia_n and_o persia_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o region_n of_o balasia_n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v corasina_n a_o country_n interpose_v between_o persia_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n from_o this_o place_n avoid_v the_o passage_n towards_o the_o south_n he_o take_v his_o way_n between_o the_o north_n and_o east_n which_o they_o call_v nordo_v thence_o he_o go_v through_o the_o desert_n and_o then_o over_o the_o most_o high_a mountain_n belor_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v before_o into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cassar_n which_o now_o they_o call_v cascar_n for_o a_o time_n tributary_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n partly_o inhabit_a by_o nestorian_a christian_n and_o partly_o by_o mahumetan_n thence_o wander_v a_o little_a towards_o the_o north_n he_o enter_v into_o samarcande_v the_o regal_a seat_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o carcham_n now_o call_v tarcham_n from_o whence_o he_o proceed_v onward_o through_o the_o desert_n lop_n into_o the_o city_n peim_n and_o ciarcia_n and_o at_o length_n into_o camul_n and_o tarpham_n at_o that_o time_n province_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o tanchut_n and_o now_o subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o usbeck_n all_o which_o agree_v with_o what_o we_o have_v allege_v before_o concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o benedict_n go_v yet_o from_o hence_o he_o go_v not_o the_o short_a way_n unto_o cathay_n but_o decline_v towards_o the_o north_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n campition_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n where_o have_v enter_v between_o the_o east_n and_o south_n that_o be_v southeast_n unto_o those_o that_o proceed_v forward_o he_o come_v into_o cathay_n through_o the_o desert_n yet_o lay_v aside_o this_o passage_n he_o proceed_v forward_o again_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o have_v pass_v through_o many_o province_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n where_o he_o find_v many_o christian_n at_o length_n he_o arrive_v at_o cambalu_n the_o royal_a court_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n of_o the_o largeness_n and_o etymology_n of_o which_o city_n we_o have_v before_o treat_v at_o large_a where_o i_o wonder_v very_o much_o that_o paulus_n venetus_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n through_o which_o of_o necessity_n he_o shall_v have_v pass_v peradventure_o he_o straggle_v far_o and_o wide_o unto_o the_o eastern_a sea_n unto_o which_o he_o write_v that_o he_o come_v through_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n pass_v through_o cireanum_fw-la belong_v unto_o the_o chineses_n into_o cathay_n that_o be_v china_n for_o whatsoever_o he_o afterward_o relate_v concern_v cathay_n whatsoever_o he_o observe_v concern_v the_o vastness_n and_o magnificency_n of_o the_o city_n concern_v the_o frequency_n and_o multitude_n of_o the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o the_o affluency_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o humane_a life_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o great_a and_o small_a river_n of_o the_o admirable_a structure_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o bridge_n these_o i_o say_v can_v agree_v unto_o no_o other_o region_n kingdom_n or_o empire_n but_o only_o unto_o that_o most_o vast_a empire_n of_o the_o chinese_n unto_o which_o the_o chinesian_a name_n of_o the_o city_n with_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n be_v altogether_o consonant_a and_o agreeable_a as_o i_o have_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n haython_n the_o armenian_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praemonstratensis_fw-la and_o of_o the_o bloud-royal_a a_o traveller_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n he_o with_o the_o fidelity_n of_o a_o religious_a person_n confirm_v whatsoever_o be_v more_o large_o relate_v by_o paulus_n venetus_n concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n for_o anno_fw-la 1307._o he_o behold_v all_o those_o kingdom_n of_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o east_n with_o his_o own_o eye_n the_o cause_n manner_n and_o occasion_n of_o which_o voyage_n we_o shall_v afterward_o declare_v now_o he_o thus_o speak_v concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o history_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n be_v the_o great_a that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v replenish_v with_o infinite_a people_n and_o riches_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o man_n of_o of_o those_o part_n be_v most_o subtle_a and_o full_a of_o deceit_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o knowledge_n makeslight_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a people_n that_o see_v with_o both_o eye_n and_o all_o other_o only_o with_o one_o they_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n little_a eye_n and_o be_v natural_o without_o beard_n and_o moreover_o it_o be_v report_v concern_v this_o kingdom_n that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o world_n because_o it_o have_v the_o east_n on_o one_o part_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n there_o do_v no_o nation_n inhabit_v as_o they_o report_v on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v its_o confine_n on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tarsa_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o desert_n of_o belgian_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o
other_o city_n 2._o sintien_n command_v over_o four_o fort_n pingfa_n pape_v cheup_a and_o cheve_v 3._o pingyve_fw-mi command_v over_o two_o fort_n yengi_n and_o lope_v 4._o lungli_fw-la command_v over_o two_o fort_n pingfa_n and_o tape_v the_o fort_n which_o lie_v up_o and_o down_o in_o this_o province_n to_o hinder_v the_o plunder_v of_o those_o upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v picie_a gueie_v chanchoang_v chingp_v pingpa_n cannon_n usa_fw-la hinglung_n cherni_n and_o kaili_n the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o province_n be_v jungue_v xuitung_n lokeu_o xanglang_n vatien_n hoanglien_n and_o cugin_n in_o the_o chinese_n toll-book_n of_o this_o province_n we_o find_v set_v down_o 45_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 5_o family_n and_o 2_o hundred_o 31_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 65_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n consist_v of_o 47_o thousand_o 6_o hundred_o 58_o bag_n of_o rice_n 5_o thousand_o and_o 9_o hundred_o piece_n of_o cloth_n but_o all_o this_o not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o fort_n the_o emperor_n be_v necessitate_v to_o supply_v what_o be_v want_v out_o of_o his_o other_o revenue_n the_o fifteen_o province_n of_o junnan_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n this_o province_n of_o junnan_n border_n upon_o quangsi_n junnan_n towards_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o tunk_v towards_o the_o west_n it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mien_n and_o pey_fw-mi towards_o the_o north-west_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sifan_n northward_o upon_o the_o province_n of_o sucheu_o and_o towards_o the_o north-east_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o far_a pale_n of_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la in_o this_o province_n be_v 12_o great_a city_n 8_o chief_a garrison_n city_n 88_o small_a city_n beside_o several_a castle_n and_o fort_n the_o 12_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o junnan_n tali_fw-la lingan_n cuihung_a chinkiang_n munghoa_n kingtung_n quangna_n quangsi_fw-la chinyven_v junning_a and_o xune_v 1._o junnan_n command_v over_o 13_o small_a city_n junnan_n funun_n yleang_v caom_v cyn_v quehoa_o chingcung_n ganning_n loco_fw-la lofung_a quenyang_n sanpao_n and_o ymuen_o 2._o tali_fw-la command_v over_o six_o city_n tali_fw-la chaos_n junnan_n tenchuen_n langkiung_a and_o pinchuen_n 3._o lingan_n command_v over_o 10_o city_n lingan_n kienxui_n xepe_v omi_n niug_n sinpin_v tunghai_n hosi_fw-la siego_n and_o mungcu_n as_o also_o over_o nine_o chief_a fort_n naleu_n kiachoa_n vanglung_n hieyung_a kichu_n sulo_n coneng_n locung_n and_o gannan_n 4._o cuhiung_a command_n over_o seven_o city_n cuhiung_a quantung_n tingyven_v tinpien_n okia_n nangan_n aâ—d_n chinnan_n 5._o under_o the_o command_n of_o chinkiang_n be_v five_o city_n chinkiang_n kiangheu_o sinhin_n yangcung_n and_o innan_n 6._o munghoa_n command_v over_o two_o city_n munghoa_n and_o tinglung_n 7._o kingtung_n have_v no_o city_n under_o its_o command_n 8._o quangnan_n command_v over_o the_o city_n fu._n 9_o quangsi_n command_v over_o four_o city_n quangsi_n sucung_n mile_n and_o vimao_n 10._o chiyven_v command_v over_o the_o fort_n loco_fw-la 11._o jungn_v command_v over_o the_o fort_n jungn_v lacu_fw-la ketien_n hianglo_n and_o valu_n 12._o xune_v have_v no_o city_n under_o it_o and_o lie_v surround_v with_o hill_n the_o eight_o garrison_n city_n be_v these_o kioce_n yaogan_n ciok_v vute_a cintien_n likiang_n juenkiang_n and_o jungchang_n kioce_n command_v over_o six_o city_n kioce_n yeco_n chenye_n loleang_v malungo_fw-la and_o lochiung_a yaogan_n command_v over_o three_o city_n yaogan_n yao_n and_o tayao_n ciok_v rule_n over_o three_o city_n ciok_v kienchuen_n and_o xun_v vute_v command_v over_o four_o city_n vute_v hokio_n yuenmeu_n and_o lokve_v cintien_n command_v only_o over_o seven_o village_n likiang_n command_v over_o five_o city_n likiang_n paoxan_n lan_n kiucin_n and_o linsi_fw-fr juenkiang_n command_v over_o the_o fort_n lopie_n jungchang_n command_v over_o seven_o fort_n jungchang_n say_v likiang_n jungp_v fungki_n xitian_n and_o lukiang_n there_o be_v two_o garrison_n city_n pex_v and_o sinhoa_o which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o other_o city_n the_o fort_n which_o be_v not_o command_v by_o any_o other_o city_n be_v fourteen_o chelo_n tengheng_n cheli_n laochua_n lungchuen_n gueiyven_v vantien_n chincang_v taheu_fw-la nieuki_n mangxi_n langchang_n mopang_v mien_n with_o the_o city_n of_o langkiu_n mopang_fw-mi command_v over_o nine_o village_n mopang_v mengyang_n mengk_v menglien_n mengli_fw-la mengt_v mengtieu_o mengco_n and_o menchang_n mien_n command_v over_o six_o other_o village_n mien_n pape_n santihiung_a sochung_a mungyang_n and_o mitien_n the_o yearly_a toll-book_n in_o this_o province_n of_o junnan_n make_v mention_n of_o 32_o thousand_o 9_o hundred_o and_o 58_o family_n and_o 14_o hundred_o 33_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o and_o 10_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n consist_v of_o 14_o hundred_o thousand_o 5_o huâ—dred_o and_o 68_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o 56_o thousand_o 9_o hundred_o 65_o weight_n of_o salt_n beside_o several_a other_o great_a impost_n and_o tax_n which_o we_o shall_v forbear_v to_o mention_v thus_o far_o have_v treat_v though_o but_o brief_o of_o that_o which_o at_o first_o i_o propose_v for_o the_o better_a understanding_n the_o relation_n of_o our_o voyage_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v during_o our_o travel_n to_o and_o again_o from_o canton_n to_o peking_n you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o chief_a government_n at_o batavia_n long_o before_o any_o thing_n be_v conclude_v by_o the_o east-india_n company_n in_o holland_n concern_v a_o embassy_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n at_o peking_n do_v send_v some_o person_n with_o lade_a ship_n to_o china_n to_o desire_v free_a traffic_n in_o those_o part_n therefore_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o relate_v in_o short_a what_o success_n they_o meet_v withal_o in_o their_o voyage_n from_o the_o time_n that_o the_o netherlander_n have_v commerce_n with_o their_o ship_n into_o several_a part_n of_o india_n they_o continual_o seek_v unto_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o trade_n with_o they_o upon_o the_o island_n of_o japan_n in_o such_o ware_n and_o commodity_n as_o the_o country_n of_o china_n produce_v but_o in_o this_o their_o fair_a undertake_n and_o reasonable_a request_n they_o have_v still_o meet_v with_o opposition_n and_o no_o access_n will_v be_v give_v they_o into_o that_o kingdom_n some_o impute_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o aversion_n in_o those_o people_n to_o the_o hollander_n to_o a_o old_a prophecy_n which_o make_v no_o small_a impression_n on_o their_o fancy_n that_o a_o strange_a nation_n fair_a of_o complexion_n and_o clothe_v all_o over_o shall_v come_v thither_o from_o a_o far_o remote_a country_n to_o conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o possess_v it_o as_o their_o own_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o jesuit_n martin_n martinsen_n who_o have_v conceal_v himself_o ten_o year_n together_o in_o china_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o roman-catholick_n faith_n come_v from_o macassar_n to_o batavia_n in_o a_o portuguese_n vessel_n and_o there_o relate_v how_o that_o the_o great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n have_v conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o all_o the_o kingdom_n belong_v thereunto_o with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o some_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o people_n and_o have_v proclaim_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n to_o all_o foreign_a people_n hereupon_o it_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o chief_a government_n of_o batavia_n after_o due_a deliberation_n first_o have_v that_o a_o trial_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o report_n by_o send_v a_o vessel_n with_o several_a good_n from_o the_o island_n of_o taiwan_n to_o some_o part_n of_o china_n so_o upon_o the_o 20._o of_o august_n mr._n frederick_n schedel_n a_o merchant_n set_v sail_n in_o the_o good_a ship_n call_v the_o brown-fish_n very_o rich_o freight_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandize_n from_o taiwan_n to_o canton_n and_o after_o nine_o day_n sail_v land_a in_o the_o canton_n river_n at_o a_o place_n call_v heytamon_n hereupon_o the_o mandorin_n haitonu_n admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n come_v aboard_o their_o vessel_n to_o receive_v and_o salute_v frederick_n schedel_n in_o the_o name_n and_o in_o behalf_n of_o the_o whole_a canton_n magistracy_n after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v well_o treat_v theâ—e_n he_o take_v leave_v of_o mr._n schedel_n who_o out_o of_o respect_n to_o his_o person_n think_v good_a to_o accompany_v he_o on_o shore_n but_o be_v come_v near_o the_o city_n he_o land_a in_o great_a state_n without_o speak_v one_o word_n to_o schedel_n who_o be_v put_v into_o another_o vessel_n in_o a_o very_a slight_a manner_n with_o the_o present_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o for_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o city_n where_o he_o be_v narrow_o search_v by_o one_o emanuel_n de_fw-fr lucifierro_n
11_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a in_o circumference_n who_o thickness_n contain_v near_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o yard_n the_o chineses_n make_v great_a brag_v of_o the_o sound_n of_o this_o bell_n as_o if_o the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v hear_v of_o again_o in_o all_o china_n yea_o not_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n but_o when_o we_o come_v and_o strike_v upon_o it_o we_o find_v it_o sufficient_o dull_a and_o the_o metal_n not_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o we_o in_o europe_n and_o though_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o last_o war_n do_v not_o much_o deprive_v and_o impair_v this_o city_n of_o its_o former_a lustre_n and_o splendour_n no_o city_n escape_v better_a than_o this_o nank_n yet_o however_o the_o stately_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n be_v total_a destroy_v by_o they_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o tartar_n do_v this_o for_o no_o other_o end_n or_o cause_n but_o out_o of_o a_o particular_a hatred_n and_o grudge_n which_o they_o bear_v to_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n who_o govern_v till_o the_o court_n be_v remove_v from_o thence_o to_o peking_n but_o though_o this_o city_n by_o the_o remove_n of_o the_o imperial_a court_n to_o peking_n be_v thus_o deprive_v of_o its_o ancient_a glory_n and_o splendour_n yet_o it_o be_v former_a and_o ancient_a magnificence_n as_o well_o as_o obedience_n be_v show_v by_o the_o extraordinary_a present_n yearly_o send_v to_o the_o emperor_n beyond_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n first_o of_o all_o every_o three_o month_n five_o ship_n be_v send_v from_o thence_o lade_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o silk_n and_o woollen_a clothes_n to_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n these_o ship_n be_v call_v in_o the_o chinese_n language_n lungychuen_n which_o signify_v ship_n with_o dragon-cloth_n because_o they_o be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o blazonry_n be_v full_a of_o dragon_n i_o must_v confess_v that_o in_o all_o my_o life-time_n i_o never_o see_v any_o ship_n to_o exceed_v these_o for_o riches_n and_o bravery_n for_o they_o be_v so_o very_a much_o gild_a and_o paint_a on_o the_o outside_n that_o it_o make_v our_o eye_n dazzle_v to_o look_v on_o they_o and_o within_o they_o be_v likewise_o most_o curious_o contrive_v and_o adorn_v with_o image_n this_o one_o thing_n alone_o be_v enough_o to_o discover_v the_o ingenuity_n of_o these_o people_n the_o city_n send_v likewise_o for_o a_o present_a to_o the_o emperor_n certain_a fish_n which_o be_v take_v before_o her_o wall_n in_o the_o river_n kiang_n in_o may_n and_o june_n and_o be_v by_o the_o chineses_n call_v siyu_n but_o by_o the_o portuguese_a who_o live_v there_o they_o be_v call_v savel_n and_o though_o the_o way_n from_o nank_v to_o peking_n be_v more_o than_o two_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n yet_o they_o have_v a_o way_n to_o transport_v they_o to_o the_o emperor_n court_n fresh_a and_o good_a for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n be_v appoint_v to_o draw_v the_o boat_n day_n and_o night_n who_o be_v relieve_v upon_o the_o way_n with_o fresh_a man_n so_o that_o they_o perform_v the_o journey_n in_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n at_o the_o far_a which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o ride_a post_n in_o europe_n they_o likewise_o signify_v by_o letter_n from_o place_n to_o place_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n when_o the_o bark_n be_v arrive_v and_o if_o the_o emperor_n be_v please_v they_o never_o fail_v to_o send_v twice_o a_o week_n as_o we_o be_v ride_v out_o one_o day_n to_o take_v the_o air_n and_o to_o view_v the_o city_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o old_a imperial_a court_n where_o sit_v a_o great_a tartar_n lady_n with_o her_o servant_n wait_v upon_o she_o about_o forty_o year_n of_o age_n she_o very_o civil_o send_v to_o our_o interpreter_n to_o invite_v the_o ambassador_n into_o her_o house_n jacob_n de_fw-fr keyzer_n hereupon_o light_v and_o the_o lady_n then_o make_v towards_o he_o she_o be_v very_o debonair_a and_o free_a look_v upon_o our_o sword_n and_o much_o admire_v their_o bend_n without_o break_v she_o take_v the_o ambassador_n hat_n and_o put_v it_o on_o her_o own_o head_n and_o unbutton_v his_o doublet_n almost_o down_o to_o his_o waste_n afterward_o she_o lead_v the_o way_n into_o the_o house_n and_o desire_v he_o to_o follow_v appoint_v one_o of_o her_o attendant_n to_o conduct_v he_o who_o bring_v we_o into_o her_o apartment_n where_o we_o find_v she_o with_o her_o daughter_n who_o be_v about_o half_o her_o age_n wait_v our_o come_n in_o great_a state_n the_o daughter_n be_v clothe_v in_o a_o violet-coloured_a damask_n gown_n and_o the_o mother_n in_o black_a damask_n and_o both_o of_o they_o have_v their_o ear_n hang_v with_o ring_n and_o their_o hair_n braid_v and_o twist_v about_o their_o head_n with_o string_n of_o pearl_n but_o over_o their_o hair_n they_o wear_v little_a cap_n make_v of_o reed_n with_o a_o tassel_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o red_a silk_n their_o clothes_n reach_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n tie_v about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o broad_a ribbon_n and_o button_v down_o from_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o waste_n their_o shoe_n be_v of_o black_a leather_n their_o face_n unmask_v without_o any_o paint_n they_o have_v we_o into_o a_o large_a withdrawing-room_n unfurnish_a only_o a_o few_o bench_n cover_v with_o silk_n upon_o which_o they_o desire_v we_o to_o sit_v they_o drink_v to_o we_o several_a time_n in_o their_o liquor_n make_v of_o bean_n which_o be_v very_o strong_a but_o agree_v wondrous_a well_o with_o their_o constitution_n they_o set_v before_o we_o also_o some_o of_o their_o sweetmeat_n much_o entreat_v we_o to_o eat_v excuse_v the_o meanness_n of_o the_o entertainment_n her_o husband_n be_v absent_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o plain_n stand_v a_o high_a steeple_n or_o tower_n make_v of_o porcelain_n which_o far_o exceed_v all_o other_o workmanship_n of_o the_o chinese_n in_o cost_n and_o skill_n by_o which_o the_o chineses_n have_v declare_v to_o the_o world_n the_o rare_a ingenuity_n of_o their_o artist_n in_o former_a age_n this_o tower_n have_v nine_o round_n and_o a_o hundred_o eighty_o four_o step_n to_o the_o top_n each_o round_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o gallery_n full_a of_o image_n and_o picture_n with_o very_o handsome_a light_n the_o outside_n be_v all_o glaze_v over_o and_o paint_v with_o several_a colour_n as_o green_a red_a and_o yellow_a the_o whole_a fabric_n consist_v of_o several_a piece_n which_o be_v so_o artificial_o cement_v as_o if_o the_o work_n be_v all_o one_o entire_a piece_n round_o about_o all_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o gallery_n hang_v little_a bell_n which_o make_v a_o very_a pretty_a noise_n when_o the_o wind_n jangle_n they_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v crown_v with_o a_o pineapple_n which_o as_o they_o say_v be_v make_v of_o massy_a gold_n from_o the_o upper_a gallery_n you_o may_v see_v not_o only_o over_o the_o whole_a city_n but_o also_o over_o the_o adjacent_a country_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o be_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n especial_o if_o you_o observe_v the_o vast_a circumference_n of_o the_o city_n reach_v with_o her_o suburb_n to_o the_o river_n side_n this_o wonderful_a pile_n as_o they_o inform_v we_o the_o chinese_n build_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o insult_a conqueror_n the_o tartar_n seven_o hundred_o year_n since_o as_o a_o pillar_n of_o honour_n to_o they_o and_o when_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o late_o they_o overran_a all_o china_n bring_v the_o whole_a country_n under_o absolute_a obedience_n the_o now_o prevail_a foe_n whether_o conquer_v by_o the_o extraordinary_a beauty_n and_o magnificence_n or_o whether_o they_o design_v by_o it_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o first_o conquest_n and_o also_o to_o add_v to_o their_o fame_n this_o their_o second_o subdue_a of_o they_o will_v not_o permit_v the_o demolish_n or_o deface_v in_o the_o least_o of_o this_o noble_a structure_n so_o that_o now_o it_o stand_v firm_a and_o entire_a as_o at_o first_o according_a to_o all_o outward_a appearance_n we_o find_v these_o people_n to_o exceed_v not_o only_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o candour_n sincerity_n and_o civil_a demeanour_n but_o as_o much_o excel_a in_o science_n and_o understanding_n there_o be_v also_o several_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o great_a estate_n keep_v like_o port_n both_o in_o their_o habit_n and_o hospitality_n they_o enjoy_v here_o far_o great_a privilege_n than_o in_o a_o less_o city_n which_o the_o tartar_n allow_v they_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v a_o bridle_n to_o rebellion_n we_o find_v in_o this_o city_n of_o nank_v a_o jesuit_n his_o name_n manuel_n van_n lisbon_n who_o come_v aboard_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o ambassador_n to_o
the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o morning_n in_o comb_v and_o dress_n their_o head_n when_o they_o go_v abroad_o they_o screen_n themselves_o from_o the_o parch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n with_o large_a quittesolâ—â—_n in_o italy_n call_v umbrella_n which_o be_v carry_v over_o their_o head_n but_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o people_n make_v use_v only_o of_o fan_n the_o country_n woman_n in_o china_n wear_v breeches_n which_o they_o tie_v about_o their_o knee_n and_o some_o that_o they_o may_v lose_v no_o time_n go_v common_o spin_v about_o the_o street_n field_n or_o other_o place_n which_o arise_v to_o such_o profit_n that_o thereby_o only_a a_o great_a number_n of_o family_n make_v shift_v to_o get_v a_o competent_a subsistence_n chap._n vii_o of_o some_o superstitious_a custom_n fashion_n and_o other_o error_n in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n in_o this_o follow_a chapter_n we_o shall_v treat_v of_o some_o superstitious_a fashion_n and_o erroneous_a custom_n which_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o several_a sect_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o first_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o they_o be_v general_o very_o much_o incline_v and_o addict_v to_o observe_v time_n and_o season_n and_o have_v so_o great_a a_o esteem_n for_o soothsayer_n fortune-teller_n astrologer_n stargazer_n and_o the_o like_a that_o they_o believe_v whatsoever_o they_o foretell_v insomuch_o that_o they_o govern_v all_o their_o transaction_n according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o those_o people_n who_o advice_n be_v take_v and_o follow_v in_o their_o affair_n from_o time_n to_o time_n their_o book_n much_o like_o our_o almanac_n be_v in_o general_a request_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v other_o book_n of_o their_o write_n which_o treat_v of_o far_o deep_a an_o conceal_v thing_n so_o prevalent_a be_v this_o science_n among_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o master_n that_o teach_v it_o who_o have_v no_o other_o livelihood_n but_o what_o they_o get_v by_o direct_v those_o that_o come_v to_o they_o the_o day_n and_o hour_n in_o which_o they_o may_v with_o great_a hope_n of_o success_n go_v about_o any_o business_n and_o indeed_o they_o be_v so_o infinite_o possess_v with_o a_o opinion_n of_o the_o knowledge_n and_o wisdom_n of_o these_o man_n that_o they_o never_o undertake_v a_o journey_n go_v about_o to_o erect_v a_o building_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n else_o of_o consequence_n but_o they_o first_o consult_v with_o they_o about_o it_o and_o observe_v to_o a_o tittle_n whatsoever_o they_o direct_v so_o that_o neither_o rainy_n stormy_a or_o tempestuous_a wether_n such_o as_o will_v even_o fright_v a_o satire_n can_v hinder_v they_o from_o begin_v their_o journey_n upon_o the_o day_n prefix_v for_o the_o same_o though_o they_o go_v but_o out_o of_o sight_n of_o their_o own_o dwelling_n or_o if_o they_o be_v to_o build_v they_o will_v dig_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o ground_n or_o make_v some_o entrance_n or_o beginning_n into_o the_o work_n let_v the_o wether_n be_v never_o so_o bad_a that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v they_o begin_v upon_o that_o day_n which_o be_v foretell_v they_o shall_v be_v successful_a to_o their_o undertake_n over_o and_o above_o these_o humorous_a nicety_n they_o be_v great_a observer_n of_o the_o day_n of_o any_o one_o birth_n by_o which_o they_o confident_o undertake_v to_o predict_v to_o they_o the_o good_a or_o bad_a fortune_n likely_a to_o befall_v they_o through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o life_n and_o in_o truth_n this_o inclination_n of_o their_o nature_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o no_o people_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v delude_v with_o the_o fallacious_a fancy_n of_o such_o as_o assume_v to_o themselves_o the_o title_n of_o wizard_n and_o sooth_n sayer_n who_o cunning_a have_v devise_v various_a way_n to_o cheat_v the_o ignorant_a and_o to_o make_v they_o pass_v for_o oracle_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n we_o treat_v of_o their_o sepulcher_n and_o the_o order_n thereof_o wherein_o they_o be_v not_o more_o careful_a than_o curious_a in_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o place_n for_o that_o purpose_n which_o they_o make_v to_o resemble_v the_o head_n tail_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o dragon_n which_o sort_n of_o creature_n they_o fancy_v to_o live_v under_o ground_n upon_o this_o do_v not_o only_o depend_v as_o they_o firm_o believe_v the_o good_a and_o bad_a fortune_n of_o particular_a family_n but_o the_o very_a well-being_n of_o city_n country_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o therefore_o when_o any_o public_a building_n be_v to_o be_v erect_v the_o learned_a in_o this_o mysterious_a art_n be_v first_o consult_v with_o concern_v the_o good_a or_o bad_a success_n that_o will_v follow_v upon_o it_o that_o they_o may_v thereby_o choose_v the_o better_a lot_n there_o be_v abundance_n of_o people_n here_o who_o not_o able_a to_o restrain_v their_o licentiousness_n though_o in_o the_o mean_a degree_n of_o poverty_n sell_v themselves_o for_o slave_n to_o the_o rich_a upon_o condition_n that_o they_o may_v take_v to_o wife_n any_o of_o the_o maid-servant_n but_o note_n that_o whatsoever_o child_n come_v of_o these_o marriage_n become_v slave_n for_o ever_o othere_o there_o be_v who_o be_v well_o to_o pass_v and_o of_o ability_n purchase_v they_o wife_n for_o their_o money_n but_o when_o their_o family_n increase_v in_o number_n and_o mean_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o sell_v their_o son_n and_o daughter_n for_o two_o or_o three_o crown_n apiece_o not_o care_v what_o become_v of_o they_o afterward_o nor_o ever_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o though_o they_o be_v make_v slave_n for_o ever_o and_o may_v be_v put_v to_o what_o employment_n the_o purchaser_n think_v good_a many_o of_o this_o kind_n be_v buy_v up_o by_o the_o portuguese_a and_o the_o spaniard_n and_o carry_v out_o of_o their_o native_a country_n into_o foreign_a part_n where_o they_o live_v in_o perpetual_a slavery_n during_o their_o life_n without_o any_o hope_n of_o redemption_n this_o can_v in_o civilise_v nation_n be_v account_v other_o than_o a_o piece_n of_o heathenish_a barbarism_n but_o yet_o they_o commit_v a_o far_o great_a and_o more_o horrid_a inhumanity_n which_o be_v this_o in_o some_o province_n they_o drown_v the_o young_a infant_n especial_o female_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o that_o they_o mistrust_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v they_o but_o be_v force_v to_o sell_v they_o to_o unknown_a people_n this_o liberty_n they_o take_v to_o themselves_o from_o a_o belief_n that_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a transmigrate_v into_o other_o body_n and_o therefore_o they_o will_v seem_v to_o infer_v that_o this_o their_o cruelty_n be_v necessary_a at_o leastwise_o convenient_a and_o so_o no_o way_n dreadful_a unto_o they_o aver_v that_o they_o do_v the_o child_n great_a advantage_n in_o take_v away_o their_o life_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o deliver_v they_o the_o soon_o out_o of_o a_o miserable_a condition_n to_o settle_v they_o in_o a_o better_o and_o therefore_o the_o poor_a child_n be_v not_o make_v away_o clandestine_o or_o in_o private_a but_o aperto_fw-la sole_a open_o before_o all_o people_n but_o this_o unnatural_a cruelty_n be_v not_o all_o there_o be_v yet_o more_o inhumanity_n practise_v among_o they_o for_o some_o out_o of_o despair_n of_o good_a fortune_n or_o because_o they_o have_v sustain_v great_a loss_n will_v voluntary_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o themselves_o other_o if_o they_o can_v find_v a_o mean_n to_o revenge_v themselves_o upon_o their_o enemy_n will_v kill_v themselves_o think_v thereby_o to_o do_v they_o a_o mischief_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v great_a number_n both_o of_o man_n and_o woman_n destroy_v themselves_o every_o year_n either_o in_o the_o field_n or_o else_o before_o the_o door_n of_o their_o adversary_n by_o strangle_v drown_v or_o poison_v themselves_o another_o sort_n of_o barbarism_n they_o be_v guilty_a of_o in_o the_o northern_a province_n towards_o young_a child_n which_o be_v by_o gelding_n they_o whereby_o and_o no_o otherwise_o they_o be_v make_v capable_a of_o service_n and_o preferment_n in_o the_o emperor_n palace_n and_o these_o they_o call_v in_o their_o language_n gelubden_n beside_o who_o none_o be_v admit_v to_o wait_v on_o the_o prince_n and_o which_o be_v more_o the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o management_n there_o be_v at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o of_o these_o gelubden_n in_o the_o palace_n who_o original_o be_v all_o mean_a person_n without_o learning_n etc._n etc._n bring_v up_o in_o perpetual_a slavery_n by_o reason_n whereof_o and_o their_o ignorance_n they_o be_v of_o a_o dull_a and_o heavy_a disposition_n and_o unfit_a for_o any_o business_n of_o concern_v the_o magistrate_n have_v in_o effect_n a_o arbitrary_a power_n over_o the_o subject_a who_o they_o oftentimes_o condemn_v unheard_a the_o
clear_a and_o the_o other_o muddy_a although_o any_o person_n take_v of_o the_o water_n and_o mingle_v they_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o immediate_o part_v and_o divide_v each_o receive_v present_o their_o former_a colour_n near_o to_o jungp_v be_v a_o spring_n who_o water_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o it_o will_v boil_v a_o egg._n near_o to_o the_o city_n hiqoy_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v caotung_v upon_o which_o be_v several_a warm_a bath_n and_o hot_a spring_n near_o to_o jungcheng_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v gailo_n upon_o which_o be_v a_o very_a deep_a well_o which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o observation_n of_o its_o rise_n or_o fall_v for_o a_o sign_n of_o a_o fruitful_a or_o barren_a year_n there_o be_v several_a other_o spring_n and_o water_n in_o many_o other_o place_n of_o china_n which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a for_o their_o quality_n and_o have_v great_a esteem_n among_o they_o because_o they_o have_v have_v sufficient_a experience_n of_o their_o virtue_n wherewith_o we_o shall_v no_o long_o detain_v the_o reader_n but_o proceed_v to_o what_o follow_v chap._n xiii_o of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n very_a curious_a and_o indeed_o nice_a even_o to_o superstition_n be_v the_o chineses_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o hill_n for_o they_o say_v and_o believe_v all_o their_o fortune_n depend_v upon_o it_o be_v place_n inhabit_v as_o they_o imagine_v by_o dragon_n unto_o who_o they_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o good_a fortune_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n when_o any_o of_o they_o intend_v to_o erect_v a_o tomb_n which_o be_v general_o do_v among_o the_o mountain_n by_o rich_a people_n they_o diligent_o examine_v the_o shape_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o hill_n for_o its_o situation_n and_o be_v very_o solicitous_a to_o discover_v a_o happy_a piece_n of_o earth_n and_o such_o they_o esteem_v so_o which_o have_v the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o head_n tail_n or_o heart_n of_o a_o dragon_n which_o once_o find_v they_o imagine_v that_o according_a to_o wish_v all_o thing_n shall_v go_v well_o with_o their_o posterity_n and_o this_o fancy_n be_v so_o general_o prevalent_a with_o they_o that_o there_o be_v many_o who_o profess_v the_o art_n of_o tell_v fortune_n by_o the_o form_n of_o hill_n in_o the_o description_n of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n i_o shall_v not_o only_o mention_v their_o largeness_n height_n etc._n etc._n but_o likewise_o their_o nature_n shape_n form_n and_o the_o beast_n that_o live_v upon_o they_o the_o mountain_n lungcve_v near_o to_o kungyang_n be_v about_o two_o mile_n and_o half_a big_a sume_v near_o to_o xaohing_n fill_v a_o place_n of_o seven_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a lofeu_n near_o to_o polo_n be_v in_o its_o circumference_n eighteen_o miles_n and_o a_o half_a tiengo_n near_o to_o pinkiang_n be_v thirty_o one_o mile_n in_o extent_n so_o also_o be_v the_o mountain_n quanghia_n near_o to_o nank_v the_o heng_n near_o to_o hoenyven_v be_v fifty_o mile_n large_a the_o then_o begin_v at_o jotyen_n and_o teach_v sixty_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n at_o kinhoa_n near_o to_o thou_o lie_v the_o mountain_n kime_v which_o be_v the_o large_a in_o extent_n of_o all_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n the_o ximus_n near_o to_o taigan_n be_v three_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a high_a it_o be_v say_v that_o upon_o the_o top_n thereof_o at_o the_o first_o crow_v of_o the_o cock_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v see_v to_o rise_v the_o tientai_n be_v five_o mile_n high_a the_o vempi_n in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o reach_v with_o its_o top_n above_o the_o cloud_n at_o sintien_n lie_v the_o mountain_n pie_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o hill_n and_o reach_v far_o above_o the_o cloud_n near_o to_o the_o city_n xefan_n lie_v the_o mountain_n tafung_a which_o seem_v to_o touch_v the_o very_a sky_n near_o to_o cangki_n be_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v juntai_n which_o they_o entitle_v the_o throne_n of_o heaven_n the_o hocang_n be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o ascend_v ten_o thousand_o foot_n above_o the_o earth_n and_o never_o any_o rain_n or_o snow_n be_v see_v to_o fall_v upon_o it_o the_o kime_v near_o to_o the_o city_n yn_n require_v nine_o day_n travel_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o quangsi_n near_o the_o city_n jeyang_n lie_v the_o mountain_n paofung_a who_o top_n reach_v to_o the_o very_a cloud_n and_o yet_o have_v a_o stone_n house_n build_v upon_o it_o there_o be_v very_o many_o other_o wonderful_a hill_n and_o mountain_n in_o the_o province_n of_o china_n which_o we_o shall_v omit_v to_o mention_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o shall_v proceed_v to_o speak_v of_o their_o shape_v and_o nature_n the_o hill_n of_o umuen_n show_v as_o if_o they_o hang_v in_o the_o air._n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v a_o hill_n which_o bear_v the_o shape_n of_o a_o elephant_n the_o mountain_n utung_n resemble_v the_o shape_n of_o a_o man_n stand_v upright_o with_o his_o head_n bow_v downward_o near_o to_o paoki_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v chincang_v who_o concave_a part_n be_v such_o that_o before_o stormy_a wether_n or_o thunder_n it_o will_v roar_v in_o so_o fearful_a a_o manner_n that_o the_o noise_n may_v be_v hear_v two_o mile_n near_o to_o sinyang_n be_v a_o very_a high_a and_o pleasant_a hill_n who_o top_n against_o rain_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o a_o cloud_n near_o to_o pingchai_n lie_v the_o mountain_n pequi_n of_o which_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o melt_a of_o the_o winter_n snow_n upon_o its_o top_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o plentiful_a year_n but_o if_o it_o continue_v all_o summer_n unmelted_a it_o be_v a_o bad_a sign_n upon_o the_o mountain_n kesin_n near_o to_o the_o garrison-city_n it_o be_v extraordinary_a cold_a near_o to_o nank_v be_v a_o great_a hill_n name_v quanglin_n which_o in_o the_o fair_a wether_n be_v always_o so_o very_o much_o cover_v with_o cloud_n that_o it_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v see_v at_o any_o little_a distance_n near_o to_o xaicheu_fw-la lie_v the_o mountain_n lingfung_a upon_o which_o if_o any_o rain_n do_v fall_v in_o the_o daytime_n a_o great_a flame_n of_o fire_n appear_v in_o the_o night_n but_o in_o dry_a wether_n there_o be_v see_v no_o such_o appearance_n the_o mountain_n hoo_n be_v call_v the_o fiery_a mountain_n because_o in_o the_o nighttime_n certain_a light_n appear_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o so_o many_o burn_a candle_n country_n people_n speak_v they_o to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o glow-worm_n which_o creep_v out_o of_o the_o river_n by_o night_n and_o shine_v after_o this_o manner_n near_o to_o munghoa_n lie_v the_o mount_n tienul_v call_v the_o ear_n of_o heaven_n famous_a for_o a_o notable_a echo_n the_o mountain_n quan_fw-mi be_v store_v with_o brave_a hawk_n and_o kite_n which_o the_o great_a one_o use_v for_o their_o recreation_n the_o chinese_n historian_n relate_v that_o near_o to_o sinfung_a lie_v a_o very_a great_a hill_n upon_o which_o such_o wild_a beast_n and_o man_n live_v who_o like_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o place_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n fungcao_n as_o be_v say_v the_o incomparable_a and_o seldom_o see_v phoenix_n have_v her_o nest_n under_o which_o be_v find_v a_o extraordinary_a precious_a stone_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n holan_n be_v a_o great_a race_n of_o wild_a horse_n and_o upon_o that_o of_o liniao_n breed_v several_a wild_a ox_n tiger_n and_o other_o creature_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cutien_n a_o incredible_a thing_n to_o be_v tell_v be_v tiger_n who_o have_v leave_v off_o their_o fierceness_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v of_o that_o quality_n that_o if_o any_o be_v bring_v thither_o wild_a from_o other_o place_n they_o become_v tame_a in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o snake_n near_o to_o cinyven_v in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n be_v the_o mountain_n nilo_n where_o be_v great_a abundance_n of_o tiger_n and_o leopard_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n near_o to_o cungkiang_n upon_o a_o mountain_n call_v toyung_a be_v monkey_n which_o very_o much_o resemble_v a_o man._n near_o to_o the_o city_n changcheu_o lie_v the_o hill_n cio_o upon_o which_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v a_o stone_n of_o five_o rod_n high_a end_v eighteen_o inch_n thick_a which_o of_o its_o self_n roll_v and_o move_v up_o and_o down_o against_o foul_a wether_n near_o to_o lioyang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n yoinea_fw-mi which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o rich_a woman_n be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o statue_n of_o a_o very_a beautiful_a woman_n not_o make_v by_o art_n but_o grow_v there_o natural_o near_o to_o the_o city_n jengan_n in_o a_o certain_a hollow_a place_n of_o the_o mountain_n chingleang_v be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o whole_a herd_n of_o strange_a idol_n to_o the_o number_n of_o above_o a_o thousand_o
die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n take_v it_o ill_o thas_o yuus_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o he_o endeavour_v to_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o what_o stratagem_n policy_n or_o force_v soever_o he_o use_v all_o prove_v vain_a â—or_a he_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n adhere_v cordial_o to_o yuus_n in_o regard_n they_o judge_v he_o most_o deserve_v of_o the_o crown_n which_o according_o be_v settle_v upon_o he_o though_o not_o without_o some_o trouble_n this_o yuus_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o first_o chinese_n imperial_a race_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v style_v hiaa_n and_o the_o last_o of_o the_o elect_a emperor_n for_o when_o the_o royal_a chair_n after_o his_o death_n become_v void_a his_o son_n be_v unanimous_o admit_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o election_n be_v change_v into_o a_o hereditary_a succession_n from_o father_n to_o son_n this_o royal_a race_n or_o family_n which_o have_v its_o beginning_n in_o the_o beforementioned_a yuus_n in_o the_o year_n 2207_o before_o christ_n birth_n sway_v the_o imperial_a sceptre_n four_o hundred_o forty_o one_o year_n in_o a_o continue_a line_n of_o seventeen_o emperor_n who_o succeed_v each_o other_o in_o the_o government_n of_o china_n this_o race_n be_v extinct_a for_o want_v of_o issue_n arise_v the_o family_n of_o xanga_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n tangus_n in_o the_o year_n 1766_o before_o christ_n birth_n be_v the_o first_o who_o call_v it_o xanga_n from_o a_o lordship_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o possess_v this_o family_n produce_v twenty_o eight_o emperor_n who_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n successive_o for_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o upward_o to_o the_o year_n 1122_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n this_o line_n be_v extinct_a in_o the_o beforementioned_a year_n there_o arise_v a_o three_o call_v cheva_n who_o founder_n be_v one_o faus_n who_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n change_v his_o name_n call_v himself_o uuus_fw-la that_o be_v a_o warrior_n thirty_o seven_o emperor_n proceed_v out_o of_o this_o family_n and_o all_o successive_o sway_v the_o sceptre_n which_o end_v the_o year_n 246_o before_o christ_n birth_n the_o four_o race_n call_v civa_fw-la stand_v up_o who_o founder_n be_v name_v chingus_n but_o alter_v his_o name_n be_v call_v xius_o this_o race_n which_o give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a empire_n as_o i_o have_v already_o relate_v be_v yet_o but_o of_o short_a continuance_n there_o have_v spring_v but_o three_o emperor_n from_o thence_o who_o reign_v forty_o year_n and_o extinguish_v about_o the_o year_n 206_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n the_o five_o race_n call_v hana_n get_v into_o the_o throne_n the_o founder_n whereof_o be_v one_o leupangus_fw-la who_o successor_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n hold_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n till_o the_o year_n 264_o after_o christ_n birth_n this_o family_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o six_o race_n call_v cyna_n step_v into_o the_o throne_n and_o govern_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 419._o within_o which_o compass_n of_o time_n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o five_o king_n at_o once_o who_o be_v all_o call_v utai_n and_o wage_v very_o cruel_a war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n at_o last_o have_v miserable_o worry_v and_o weaken_v each_o other_o they_o be_v all_o subdue_v by_o the_o seven_o race_n call_v tanga_n which_o seize_v upon_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o reign_v with_o his_o posterity_n till_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 618._o no_o soon_o be_v this_o race_n of_o tanga_n at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o eight_o call_v sunga_n succeed_v in_o which_o the_o government_n continue_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1278._o when_o the_o tartar_n after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a destructive_a war_n with_o this_o family_n â—unga_fw-mi for_o seventy_o three_o year_n conquer_v the_o whole_a empire_n extirpate_v the_o whole_a family_n and_o set_v up_o a_o new_a one_o call_v ivena_n which_o reign_v over_o the_o chinese_n till_o the_o year_n 1368._o but_o in_o the_o same_o year_n appear_v a_o priest_n call_v chu_n who_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o countryman_n expel_v the_o tartar_n and_o settle_a himself_o in_o the_o throne_n assume_v the_o name_n and_o style_n of_o hunguvus_n which_o signify_v the_o warlike_a soldier_n from_o who_o spring_v the_o race_n of_o taicinga_n which_o hold_v the_o crown_n two_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o year_n but_o at_o last_o be_v bring_v under_o and_o whole_o root_v out_o in_o the_o year_n 1644_o by_o the_o tartar_n who_o once_o more_o conquer_v and_o overran_a the_o whole_a empire_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o royal_a blood_n call_v taicinga_n under_o its_o first_o founder_n xunchius_n who_o be_v bear_v great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n and_o thus_o have_v lead_v you_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o tartar_n government_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o show_v you_o as_o brief_o as_o the_o subject_n will_v bear_v as_o well_o the_o cause_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n which_o not_o only_o extirpate_v the_o same_o family_n but_o bring_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o slavish_a subjection_n of_o their_o uncivilise_v barbarism_n the_o tartar_n who_o for_o antiquity_n go_v beyond_o all_o other_o people_n in_o asia_n and_o from_o who_o many_o and_o several_a nation_n be_v spring_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 2158_o before_o christ_n birth_n make_v very_o bloody_a war_n against_o the_o chinese_n wherein_o they_o be_v sometime_o conqueror_n possess_v the_o land_n and_o at_o other_o time_n conquer_v and_o drive_v out_o again_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o tartar_n i_o understand_v here_o those_o people_n that_o have_v their_o habitation_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o that_o most_o renown_a and_o famous_a wall_n in_o former_a time_n build_v against_o the_o invasion_n of_o those_o barbarian_n and_o reach_v from_o east_n to_o west_n three_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n for_o what_o cause_n or_o reason_n these_o people_n have_v bear_v for_o so_o many_o age_n so_o much_o malice_n and_o hatred_n to_o one_o another_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o bloody_a war_n they_o have_v make_v the_o chinese_n history_n make_v no_o mention_n but_o other_o who_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v curious_a and_o understand_a inspector_n therein_o ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o difference_n of_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n for_o as_o parity_n of_o manner_n be_v a_o conceal_a beginning_n and_o introduction_n of_o friendship_n so_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n a_o difference_n therein_o be_v the_o original_n and_o true_a occasion_n of_o enmity_n now_o how_o much_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n differ_v in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n will_v easy_o be_v make_v appear_v by_o the_o daily_a employment_n and_o action_n each_o of_o they_o affect_v from_o the_o cradle_n the_o chinese_n be_v of_o a_o affable_a and_o peaceable_a disposition_n addict_v to_o husbandry_n and_o love_v all_o good_a art_n and_o science_n but_o the_o tartar_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n delight_n in_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o hunt_v be_v very_o cunning_a and_o deceitful_a lust_a after_o war_n and_o of_o a_o very_a loose_a and_o uncivil_a comportment_n it_o be_v true_a both_o endeavour_n to_o shun_v idleness_n but_o with_o intention_n very_o incoherent_a the_o one_o to_o live_v temperate_o and_o honest_o but_o the_o other_o only_o to_o range_v abroad_o in_o a_o wild_a and_o beastial_a barbarism_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n have_v wage_v war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o many_o age_n yet_o i_o dare_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v we_o read_v of_o none_o so_o terrible_a as_o those_o in_o this_o our_o age_n for_o thereby_o the_o tartar_n have_v not_o only_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o say_a empire_n but_o extirpated_a the_o last_o royal_a line_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o vestigium_fw-la or_o trace_v leave_v of_o they_o in_o be_v in_o short_a that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o last_o war_n may_v be_v the_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o understand_v i_o shall_v relate_v unto_o you_o the_o two_o first_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o way_n of_o proemium_fw-la you_o must_v first_o then_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o people_n of_o west-tartary_n after_o they_o have_v bring_v under_o their_o power_n almost_o all_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o the_o inhabit_a world_n fall_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1206_o before_o christ_n birth_n which_o be_v continue_v as_o be_v
horse_n after_o who_o follow_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n at_o last_o march_v up_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o stout_a and_o able_a soldier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v thus_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle-array_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n immediate_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n those_o within_o make_v very_o stout_a opposition_n at_o first_o but_o the_o tartar_n press_v upon_o they_o furious_o get_v the_o better_a and_o at_o last_o drive_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n to_o which_o fix_v their_o scaling-ladder_n they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v their_o extraordinary_a nimbleness_n and_o courage_n and_o now_o the_o chinese_n find_v themselves_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o tartar_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o pursuit_n after_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n march_v on_o with_o his_o army_n without_o any_o 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of_o the_o other_o conquer_a city_n retreat_v back_o with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o very_a goodly_a city_n before_o he_o take_v it_o both_o for_o strength_n situation_n and_o fairness_n of_o building_n but_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o soothsayer_n that_o to_o let_v the_o old_a wall_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v win_v the_o place_n can_v bode_v nought_o but_o misfortune_n he_o cause_v they_o thereupon_o to_o be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o new_a one_o build_v there_o be_v but_o two_o great_a city_n in_o all_o this_o province_n which_o be_v leaoyang_n and_o ningyven_v the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o small_a circuit_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o populous_a and_o rich_a but_o with_o place_n of_o strength_n which_o exceed_v some_o city_n for_o bigness_n it_o exceed_o abound_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o learn_v any_o art_n and_o science_n but_o very_o healthful_a of_o constitution_n and_o strong_a of_o body_n therein_o much_o exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n and_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o the_o cradle_n to_o war_n and_o hardship_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v perpetual_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o as_o to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n they_o resemble_v very_o much_o the_o tartar_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o great_a intercourse_n that_o â—s_v daily_o between_o they_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a and_o in_o other_o plain_a and_o even_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o yet_o every_o where_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a as_o also_o in_o treeâ—_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n wholesome_a and_o medicinal_a both_o in_o their_o body_n leave_n fruit_n and_o root_n among_o other_o here_o grow_v that_o incomparable_a root_n gâ—â—seng_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v store_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o sable_n bever_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o wear_v in_o winter_n to_o keep_v themselves_o warm_a and_o traffic_n with_o likewise_o into_o other_o province_n it_o also_o produce_v curious_a pine-apple_n excellent_a wheat_n and_o barley_n but_o no_o rice_n yet_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o fig_n apple_n pear_n grape_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o all_o necessary_a thing_n of_o its_o own_o growth_n render_v it_o both_o pleasant_a and_o cheap_a to_o live_v in_o but_o much_o more_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n from_o other_o country_n their_o religion_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o chineses_n be_v great_a promoter_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o thus_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v this_o place_n the_o seat_n of_o war_n whereby_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n invade_v the_o neighbour_a province_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n begin_v to_o consider_v which_o way_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a for_o they_o to_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o at_o last_o they_o conclude_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 600000_o man_n over_o and_o above_o who_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n 12000_o valiant_a bowman_n who_o be_v not_o inferior_a for_o skill_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ninchean_a king_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o many_o force_n as_o can_v possible_o be_v spare_v to_o join_v with_o he_o be_v thus_o prepare_v for_o war_n on_o both_o side_n the_o chineses_n in_o the_o year_n 1619_o march_v with_o that_o formidable_a army_n against_o the_o enemy_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o approach_n set_v forward_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o meet_v they_o which_o soon_o happen_v but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o inveterate_a malice_n of_o both_o party_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v each_o other_o the_o battle_n begin_v which_o be_v valiant_o fight_v for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o both_o army_n so_o that_o the_o victory_n hang_v in_o suspense_n nor_o can_v any_o judge_n who_o will_v have_v the_o better_a till_o at_o length_n the_o chineses_n run_v away_o in_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n the_o slaughter_n be_v very_o great_a among_o they_o both_o of_o commander_n and_o soldier_n upon_o the_o spot_n those_o that_o escape_v carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o great_a victory_n the_o ninchean_a king_n pursue_v with_o that_o expedition_n that_o he_o take_v several_a city_n and_o town_n some_o whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n harrass_v and_o plunder_v up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n and_o and_o the_o place_n well_o fortify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o cannon_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o which_o provision_n such_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o the_o pekinger_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v but_o attempt_v they_o may_v have_v be_v master_n of_o that_o great_a city_n without_o any_o very_a hazardous_a opposition_n for_o the_o emperor_n be_v again_o full_o resolve_v as_o before_o to_o quit_v it_o and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o some_o of_o his_o council_n now_o too_o late_o grow_v wise_a alter_v his_o purpose_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o will_v encourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o not_o only_o put_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o confusion_n but_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n if_o not_o the_o