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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A61099 Certain considerations upon the duties both of prince and people written by a gentleman of quality ... Spelman, John, Sir, 1594-1643. 1642 (1642) Wing S4937; ESTC R28174 19,781 30

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that concerned his safety and defence from the violence of others misgoverning themselves toward him and that necessarily brings in Empire So that unlesse we can imagine some Kingdome to consist of people sprung of themselves in perfection of righteousnes not depending nor obliged to God or nature nor obnoxious to those conditions to which the fall of man has subjected all men we cannot devise how men should naturally be free from subjection to government and lesse how being subject private men in any State should in their naturall capacity meddle with any thing concerning government or so much as goe about the making changing on anulling of ordinances or so compell Governours to doe them without being criminally culpable not only against the positive lawes of the land but even against conscience pressed with the bonds of naturall or morall and also divine law Therefore to explicate the sense which all intend but some not well distinguishing confound It is certainly true that all the people of a Kingdome must needs comprehend all power whatsoever is or may be exercised in it but when we say so we by all the people meane the whole entire body of the members politique from head to foot every one of them abiding and working according to his proper and ordained office politique But if beside their ordained office power any shall doe or attempt any alteration in the State howsoever intended for common good their act must needs be so farre from being lawfull as being from the beginning repugnant and resisting the ordained power it can never become a lawfull act though all the Subjects of a Kingdome should after consent unto it But in the third place we are farther to consider That if the Kingdome be also a Church of God then is the originall and authority of it of farre higher nature and more remote from the reach and power of the people It is true God is King of all Kings and highest Soveraigne in all Kingdomes as well Heathen as Christian yet as he cautioned in the behalfe of his Church that no stranger should be King there but by any meanes one that was of the Brethren of the people so in His Church He himselfe is a neerer and as it were a more cognate Soveraigne then in other Kingdomes and his Vicegerents there are of more immediate and more important subordination to him For which cause he there reserves to himselfe the choice of the man and leaves the people no more then the bare investing of him Not but that God in all Kingdomes makes Kings whom he pleaseth but he will have it known that in his Church the choice is not only his and to be sought at his hand but that he more strictly requires the observance of his right in his Church then he does otherwhere Therefore he expresly commands there Thou shalt in any case set him over thee whom thy Lord thy God shall chuse And as in his Church he to himselfe reserved the nomination so when he had nominated he did not leave it to the people there to declare the right and manner of the Kingdom but by the Prophet by whom he signified his choice by the same was the manner of the Kingdom declared to the people written in a book and laid up before the Lord Kings of Gods Church having from God a more immediate and more sacred ordination have also a more especiall endowment of his spirit for which cause they have beene ever instituted with annointing their persons therewith consecrate for the exercise of their function This we see in Saul whose person though he were a wicked Prince David in this respect declared so sacred as that he pronounced a curse upon the Mountaines of Gilboa because in them his person was cast downe and vilefied without regard of the sacrednesse of his annointing Their annointing therefore is not a meere outward solemnity but is significant of the spirit of God in a more especiall manner given unto them and from thence proceeds that which the Scripture witnesseth A divine sentence in the lipps of the King yea and a sacred integrity also His mouth transgresseth not in judgement And suitable to their Prerogative of graces beyond the ordinary of other Princes God vouchsafes them his eare with more favour and familiarity then to the other as we may see by his ready hearing gratious answers vouchsafed messages sent and will declared touching them not only to the good as David Salomon Asa Iehosaphat Hezechiah Iosiah c. but even to Coniah Saul Ieroboam Ahab Jehu and other wicked Princes And we not only heare God himselfe saying by me Kings Raigne and I have said yee are Gods but his word couples also the feare that is to be rendred unto Kings with the feare that is due unto himselfe Feare God and the King Keepe the Kings Commandement in regard of the oath of the Lord Nor is it ordinary obedience that is commanded but the highest under God Submit unto the King as unto the Supreame And that not for the danger that may ensue but as the Apostle saith Not for wrath only but also for conscience sake Now if the King be supreame then is there in no Kingdome any superintending power or authority that may lawfully call the King to account for that power only is the supreame over which there is not any other to take account So high and sacred is the authority of them whom God has made nursing fathers and nursing mothers to his Church When Kings then both in their Persons and Functions are of so sacred an ordination and so hedged in by Gods especiall protection where is there place for the people to interpose and meddle with the affaires that doe belong unto them besides when without the Kings consent there can be no concurrence of people to joyne in any accord for the disposing of any affaires of the Kingdome but that the matter must first passe the project sollicitation and prosecution of diverse private men no way thereunto authorized how can any act of the people to such an end be justifiable when an unlawfull beginning what number or quality soever the attempters be of can never make a lawfull act Therefore omitting those places of Scripture It is not fit to say to a King thou art wicked Who may say to a King what doest thou Feare God and the King and meddle not with those that love innovation And many others which yet block up the way against private mens medling with matters of government If it were to be granted that the people in any Kingdome had power over all rights of the Kingdome yet unlesse that by the Ordinances of that Kingdome it be expresly declared and appointed how and by whom that power shall be executed and by the way where such Ordinances are there is not a right Kingdome but a Republique and againe unlesse those ordinances be rightly pursued there can be no combinement to