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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15807	Cyrupædia The institution and life of Cyrus, the first of that name, King of Persians. Eight bookes. Treating of noble education, of princely exercises, military discipline, vvarlike stratagems, preparations and expeditions: as appeareth by the contents before the beginning of the first booke. Written in Greeke by the sage Xenophon. Translated out of Greeke into English, and conferred with the Latine and French translations, by Philemon Holland of the city of Coventry Doctor in Physick. Dedicated to his most excellent Maiesty.; Cyropaedia. English	Xenophon.; Holland, Abraham, d. 1626. Naumachia. aut; Holland, Philemon, 1552-1637.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver.	1632 (1632)	STC 26068; ESTC S118709	282,638	236

but if he perceived any to be tumultuous and disorderly after the cause thereof knowne he would labour to appease the misrule One thing there remaineth yet as touching the diligence and care which he shewed in the night march namely that he sent forth before the whole armie certaine footmen lightly appointed and those not many in number who being both seene of Chrysantas and also seeing him should as Otacusts listen and advertise him of all occurrents occasions and opportunities presented And one there was over these Avantcurriers to rule and order them and whatsoever was ought worth and materiall he would give notice thereof and what was not hee troubled him not with shewing the same And thus verily marched he by night But when the day was come certaine of the Cad●sian horsemen he●cleft with their Infantery marching as they did hinmost for that they should not goe naked and destitute of men of Armes the rest hee commaunded to ride on to the Vantguard because the enemies affronted it to the end that if any encountred full opposite unto him he having the strength of his armie in battaile ray might make head and fight with them but if they were seene any whereto flie he might be most ready to pursue them for he had ever about him some appointed to follow the chace when there was need of pursuit others againe to abide with him for never would he suffer a whole Regiment to be dismembred In this wise led Cyrus his Armie forth Yet kept not he himselfe alwayes in one place but riding to and fro and up and down surveied his souldiers and with good care tooke order for whatsoever they wanted Thus much of the march of Cyrus and his host CHAP. VI. A Conspiracy against Gadatas An Ambush layd by the Assyrian King Where hee received a great overthrow How Cyrus saved Gadatas and all his men NOvv it happened that a certeine great person one of Gadatas his men of armes considering how his Lord and Master was revolted from the Assyrian King thought this with himselfe that if ought but well should come unto Gadatas hee might obteine at the Kings hand the seizure of all his goods and lands Vpon which project of his hee sends one of his trusty servants unto the said Assyrian King with these instructions That in case he found the Assyrian forces already in Gadatas his country hee should give the King to understand that if he lay in ambushment hee might take both Gadatas himselfe and all his companie willing him withall to signifie what power Gadatas had in his conduct likewise that Cyrus accompanied him not as also to shew which way he would come Moreover to the end he might be the better beleeved he charged his owne servants to deliver up the Castle which himselfe held within the territorie of Gadatas with all that was therein into the hands of the King of Assyria Furthermore he promised that after he had slaine Gadatas he would come to him in person if hee could if not yet would hee from that time forward take the Kings part The messenger appointed for this errand rode post and with great speed came unto the Assyrian King and declared unto the King the cause of his comming which when he heard he presently entred upon the said Castle and with a great power of horsemen and a number of chariots laid wait in the villages standing thicke thereabout Gadatas when he drew neere to those villages sent forth certeine in espiall to cleere the coasts The Assyrian King having intelligence that these espies were comming commaunded two or three of the chariots and some few horsemen to give ground and flie making semblance as if they were affrighted and but few in number Which when those foreriders perceived they not onely themselves followed in pursuit but also gave the Al-arme to Gadatas Who being deceived thereby made after and followed amaine The Assyrians then for that they thought Gadatas at the point to be taken arose streight out of their embushment Gadatas with his companies seeing that fled as good cause they had The otherside againe with as great reason pursued them At which very time that traiterous villaine who had plotted to forelay Gadatas strake him and failed in deed of giving him a deadly blow but smote him in the shoulder and so wounded him Which deed done he went his wayes to joyne with those that followed in chace For being knowne who he was hee togither with the Assyrians put spurres to his horse and helped the King in his pursuit Then and there be you sure they that rode upon the heaviest and slowest jades were taken by those who had the swiftest steeds under them And verily Gadatas his horsemen being all sore overlayed for that they were tired out with their long journey no sooner espied Cyrus comming forward with his armie but a man might well thinke they were right joyous and glad as if out of some storme and tempest they had arrived to a safe harbour Cyrus at the first sight mervailed thereat but when hee understood what the matter was so long as they rode all afront toward him he led his forces in order of battaile against them But so soone as the enemies knowing how the world went reculed and fled Cyrus commaunded the light horsemen appointed therefore to make hote pursuit and himselfe with the rest followed hard after according as he thought it expedient There might a man have seene some Chariots taken out of which the drivers were fallen partly in the very turning and partly otherwise others againe intercepted by the horsemen and surprised They slew also very many and among the rest the traitour himself who had hurt Gadatas Meane-while the Assyrian footmen who were besieging Gadatas his fortresse abandoned that enterprise Some fled for succour into the Castle which had revolted from Gadatas others got away before their enemies and did put themselves into a great Citie of the Assyrian Kings whereinto himselfe with his chariots and horses was retyred Vpon these exploits thus atchieved Cyrus returned backe into Gadatas his country and after order given unto those whom it concerned to take charge of the captives he went directly to see how Gadatas did upon his hurt And as he went forward Gadatas having by that time his wound dressed and bound up met him on the way When Cyrus saw him he rejoyced and said I was comming to you for to see how you did And I quoth Gadatas so God me love was going to behold you againe and see what a countenance you carry bearing as you doe this brave minde who when I wist not my selfe what need you had now of my helpe nor you ever undertooke or promised to doe this for mee ne yet in your owne particular received so much as any small pleasure at my hand but onely for that I seemed unto you in some measure to benefit my friends have so lovingly and with such affection reskued mee as that now for

imitated them CHAP. IX How Cyaxares gave audience to the King of India his Embassadours and sent them afterwards to the King of Assyria AS Cyrus on a time was mustering all his souldiours in their armour and setting them in order of battaile there came a messenger from Cyaxares advertising him of an Embassage arrived from the Indians and therefore Cyaxares his will is saith he that you repaire unto him with all speed I have beside quoth the messenger brought unto you from Cyaxares a most goodly and faire robe For his desire is that you should shew your selfe in most magnificent and gorgeous manner For that the Indians are to view and behold you as you come Cyrus hearing this newes gave commandement to the principall and formost Centinier arraunged as he was in battaile ray that standing himselfe on the right hand and leading his Centurie one by one hee should place it afront he willed him also to give the like charge unto the second and so throughout them all hee bad him intimate so much Which order of his they obeyed and as they quickly delivered this charge so they performed the same as speedily Thus within a short time there stood afront in ranke 200. For so many Centiniers there were and in depth one hundred When they were thus placed hee commaunded them to follow as himselfe led the way And forthwith he set forward in a running march But when he understood once that the way leading to the Court was so narrow that it might not receive them marching all afront he commaunded the first regiment of a thousand to follow in their place and the second to march after in the taile of it And in this manner he went himselfe alwaies formost never resting betweene and the other thousands followed every one hard at the heeles of the former Moreover he sent two Officers of purpose unto the entry of the way for to instruct any one that was ignorant and to seeke what to doe Now when they were come before the gates of Cyaxares his Palace hee commaunded the formost Centurion to arrange his Companie so as they might stand 12. in file deep and to place the leaders of every 12. afront before the Palace The like charge he caused to be given unto the second and so throughout to all Which they did accordingly Then Cyrus presented himselfe to Cyaxares in a long Persian robe nothing proud nor sumptuous When Cyaxares saw him well pleased he was with this speedy repaire that he made but offended at the basenesse of his garment How now Cyrus quoth hee what meane you by this to shew your selfe in so simple habit before the Indians I would have had you most stately and gloriously to be seene For an honour it would have beene to me that you my sisters sonne had beene set out and arrayed most royally To this Cyrus made answer in this wise Whether should I have honoured you more good Vnkle Cyaxares if being clad in purple putting on bracelets and wearing a colar about my necke I have accomplished your will and commandement by leasure or rather as now I doe obey you so speedily with so great and goodly a power and all to doe you honour adorned as you see my selfe and so adorning you with swett and through diligence teaching others also thereby to be likewise obedient unto you Thus spake Cyrus and Cyaxares liked well of his speech and thereupon commaunded the Indians to be brought forward for audience Who being come in place The Indian King our Master say they hath sent us with commission to demaund the cause wherefore the Medes and Assyrians make warre one against the other and upon the hearing of your answer he willed us to go on directly to the Assyrian King and of him likewise to demaund the same but in conclusion to declare vnto you both That the Indian King upon consideration of right and Iustice will take part with him that hath the wrong To which Embassage Cyaxares returned this answer Give eare then unto my words No wrong at all doe wee unto the Assyrian King And now go your wayes yee may unto him and enquire what he saith But Cyrus being there present Pleaseth it you quoth he unto Cyaxares that I also may deliver mine opinion Say on quoth Cyaxares and speake your minde Yee then saith Cyrus unto the Embassadors shall thus report unto the King your Master That unlesse it seeme good otherwise to Cyaxares wee make this answer That if the Assyrian King say he hath in any thing bin injured by us wee are content to accept of the Indian King himselfe to be the Iudge When they heard this they tooke their leave and departed CHAP. X. How Cyrus being in deliberation and conference with his Vnkle as touching th● Affaire and about levying summes of money enterprised warre upon the King of Armenia AFter that the Indian Embassadours were gone forth Cyrus began to commune with Cyaxares in this manner Sir hither came I to you bringing from home with mee no great store of treasure properly mine owne And how much so ever it was that I had there is but very little left thereof for that I have spent it upon my souldiers Now haply you marvaile how I have consumed it considering they are at your finding But I would have you to know that I have done nothing else therwith but bestowed it in gifts and rewards whensoever I admired any one of my souldiours For thus I thinke That a man may better and with more pleasure incite by faire language and well doing rather than by hard dealing and compulsion all those whose helpe hee would use in any businesse whatsoever so likewise he that is desirous to have in warre affaires willing and forward coadjutours must in my judgement allure and winne them altogether with gracious words and liberall deeds For friends they must be and not foes who shall unfainedly and without pretense of excuse assist us in war and fight by our side as who will never envie their Commander in weale nor shrinke and forsake him in woe Vpon these considerations me thinks I had need of much treasure For to have mine eye for every thing upon you whom I perceive to be at very great expense seemeth to me absurd And therefore I deeme it meet both for you and me to consider upon this point together in common that you be not bare of money For if you be throughly stored well I wote that I also may have my part thereof at my need whensoever especially if I take the same to such an use as the defraying thereof may turne to your better profit I remember I heard you say of late that the Armenian King slighteth you at this present because hee heareth say there be enemies comming against us and so neither sendeth unto you an army nor payeth you the tribute due as he ought Hee doth so indeed good Cyrus quoth he And therefore I stand now in doubt whether

turne him fled up to a certeine hill top for to save himselfe Which Cyrus likewise seeing with the power he had about him laid siege to the hill round about He sent also to Chrysantas willing him to abandon the Keeping of the foresaid mountaine and to come unto him Meane while that Cyrus his armie assembled he sent unto the Armenian King an Herald by whom he demaunded these questions Tell me directly King of Armenia whether you will remaine there still to wrestle and fight with hunger and thirst or come downe into the plaine and fight it out with us The Armenian King answered that he would fight with neither Then Cyrus sent eft-soones and asked in these termes Why then sit you there and come not downe Because quoth he I am to seeke what to doe But you neither need nor ought to doubt replyed Cyrus For you may come downe to plead your owne cause And who shall be our judge saith the King Who but he saith Cyrus unto whom God hath given power without forme of law and judiciall processe to use you at his pleasure The King then considering into what streights he was driven descended from the hill top Then Cyrus having taken both him and all other things also that he had into the middle space betweene environed them round within his tents For now by this time had he all his forces about him At this very instant the Kings eldest sonne Tigranes who before-time had accompanied Cyrus in hunting was newly returned from a certeine journey And hearing what occurrents were falne out went directly even as he was to Cyrus But so soone as he saw his father and mother his brethren sisters and his owne wife captives he wept as good reason he had Cyrus when he beheld the man used no other complement of courtesie and entertainment but thus said unto him Come you are in good season that you may be present to heare your fathers cause tried And therewith immediately he assembled together the Chiefetaines and Rulers as well of the Persians as of the Medes He called likewise to this Councell as many of the Nobles and Honorable persons of Armenia as were present The very women also being there in their Carroches he excluded not but admitted them to the audience of his cause Now when he was provided accordingly and saw his time turning to the King of Armenia thus began he to speake First quoth hee ô King of Armenia I advise you in the deciding of this matter to speake the truth that you may be cleere at least of that one thing which of all others deserveth most hatred For this would I have you to wit well That to be taken with a lye is the greatest barre that men can have against obtaining of grace and pardon Moreover even your children and these women here your wives many Armenians also that be in place are privie to you of all that which you have committed Who if they perceive you to speake otherwise than truth will thinke that you judge your owne selfe worthy to suffer all extremities when I shall once finde out the truth Propose then quoth he ô Cyrus what questions you will For utter the truth I shall come of it what will Why then quoth Cyrus Answere directly unto me Made you warre at any time upon Astyages my mothers father and the rest of the Medes I did said he And when you were vanquished by him Did you not covenant and accept of these conditions Imprimis to yeeld him tribute Item to aide him with men in his warres whensoever he gave you warning and lastly to hold no fortresses in your realme It was even so indeed answered hee Now therefore why have you falsified your faith and neither tendred your tribute nor sent a power for aide but have walled your forts Because saith he I was desirous of liberty For I thought it a noble thing both my selfe to be free and also to leave the same freedome to my children Certes quoth Cyrus a worthy matter it is for a man to endeavour that he may never come into bondage but if one either defeated in war or otherwise brought into servitude be taken practizing to revolt and shake off alleageance unto his Lords tell me you first doe you honour him as a good man and behaving himselfe well or punish him as a trangressour after you have taken him Surely I punish him quoth he For you allow me not to lye Then answer me plainely and punctually quoth Cyrus to these Interrogatories If any man in place of authority and commaund under you doe offend and deale unjustly suffer you him to beare rule still or appoint you another in his roome I place another saith he in his stead And say such an one be very wealthy and full of money permit you him to be rich still or bring you him to poverty I take from him quoth the King whatsoever he hath If you understand that he fall away from you and taketh part with the enemie what doe you to him then I put him to death said he For why should I die convicted of leasing rather than confessing the truth Then his sonne hearing these words plucked in peeces the Turbant from about his owne head and withall rent his mantell and upper garments The women also piteously cried out and tare themselves as if both father had beene even then condemned and a dead man and all of them besides undone for ever But Cyrus willing them to be silent said thus againe Well be it so I have enough These bee just and rightfull courses in your owne practise ô King of Armenia But what would you counsell us hereupon to doe The Armenian held his tongue as being doubtfull whether he should advise Cyrus to put him to death or teach contrary to that which he said himselfe did But his sonne Tigranes demaunded of Cyrus and said Tell me Cyrus because my father seemeth to stand in suspence whether I shall advise you concerning him what I thinke will be best and most expedient for you to doe Cyrus having observed well enough what time as Tigranes used to hunt with him that he entertained a certaine learned man who was very familiar and in wonderfull esteeme with him desired greatly to heare what hee could say and therefore bad him speake his mind boldly If you approve saith Tigranes either the designes by my father intended or the acts by him already done I advise you in any hand to imitate him but if in your opinion he hath altogether faulted I would give you counsell not to follow him Then quoth Cyrus If I doe right I may not in any wise take him doing thus amisse for an ensample True said Tygranes By your reason then inferred Cyrus I must punish your Father in case it stand with justice to chastice a man that doth wrong Yea but whether thinke you it is better ô Cyrus quoth Tigranes to proceed unto punishment with your owne good and profit or to your

you never fled from us You also King of Armenia have away with you both your wife and children without any ransome at all that they may know they come unto you free And now verily for this present take your suppers with us and when yee have supped Depart whither yee list So they stayed But after supper whiles they were yet in the pavilion Cyrus questioned in this manner Tell me Tigranes quoth he what is become of the Gentleman that was wont to hunt with us For you highly esteemed him Why quoth he hath not this my father here put him to death Of what offense said Cyrus was he convict Hee laid to his charge quoth he that he corrupted me And yet my deere Cyrus so good a man he was and so honest that even then when he was to die he called unto mee and said Bee not you greived Tigranes and offended with your father in that he mindeth to take away my life For he doth not this in any malice but of errour and ignorance And what trespasse men upon errour doe commit I suppose is done against their wils At these words said Cyrus Alas good man that he was But the Armenian King turning unto Cyrus spake in this wise Neither doe those good Cyrus who take other men naught with their wives pursue them therefore to death for that they make their wives more wanton and unchast but because they thinke they steale away their hearts and quench that love which they owe unto them in which regard they proceed against them as very enemies And even so Ielous was I and envied that man because me thought he was the cause that my sonne admired and esteemed him more than my selfe Then Cyrus So God me love good King of Armenia as I thinke your fault was no other than any man would have done Therefore Tigranes pardon your Father for this Gentlemans death Thus having at that time discoursed lovingly entertained and embraced one another as meet it was after this reconciliation they mounted upon their carroches togither with their wives and so with great joy departed CHAP. III How Cyrus tooke Tigranes with him in his traine and went to assaile the Chaldees upon the mountaines WHEN they were come home some made report of Cyrus his wisedome others related his patience and sufferance one spake of his mildnesse another of his beautie and goodly tall presence Whereupon Tigranes asked his owne wife and said How now my Armenian Ladie Seemed Cyrus in your eyes also a faire and beautifull personage In good faith quoth she I never looked upon him Whom then did you behold said Tigranes Even him I assure you quoth she who said That with the price of his life he would redeeme mee from captivitie And then as meet it was after such matters as these passed they tooke their rest togither The day following the Armenian King sent unto Cyrus and the whole armie gifts and tokens of hospitalitie He gave warning also to his owne subjects such as were to goe to warfare for to be ready against the third day following As for the money whereof Cyrus spake he payed it downe double But Cyrus when he had taken of it so much as he required sent backe the rest and demaunded withall whether of them twaine would lead the armie The sonne or himselfe Whereunto both of them made answere the father in this wise Even hee whom you shall commaund but the sonne after this sort as for mee ô Cyrus I will not leave you no though I should follow you hard at heeles as a Campe drudge Hereat Cyrus laughed heartily and said And how much would you be content to give for to have your wife heare you are become a Campe slave and to carry fardels Shee shall never need quoth he to heare that For I will bring her along with me that shee may see what ever I doe But now said Cyrus it were time for you to trusse up and be furnished every way for this journey I make full accompt quoth Tigranes that we shall shew our selves in readinesse with whatsoever my father hath allow'd And so for that time the soldiers after gifts of friendly entertainment bestowed upon them went to rest The next day Cyrus taking to him Tigranes with the best and most select horsemen of the Medes as many also of his owne friends as he thought convenient rode abroad to view the country of Armenia devising where he might build a fortresse And being mounted up to an hill top hee asked Tigranes which were those mountaines from whence the Chaldees used to make rodes downe into the plaines and so to drive away booties Which when Tigranes had shewed unto him he asked againe whether those mountaines were now without companie and unfrequented No verily quoth he for they have alwaies certeine spies and Sentinels who signifie to the rest whatsoever they discover And what doe they saith he when they have notice of any thing Every man saith Tigranes makes what hast he can up to the hill tops for to help and succor When Cyrus heard this and withall beheld the country all about he might perceive that a great part thereof lay as wast ground to the Armenians and untilled by reason of the warres Then for that time returned they to the armie and after supper tooke their repose and slept The morrow next ensuing Tigranes shewed himselfe ready and well appointed having raised a power of foure thousand Horsemen with ten thousand Archers and as many Targuatiers But whiles these forces were a levying Cyrus sacrificed and seeing the entrails of the beasts to be faire and fortunate to him he called togither the Leaders both of the Persians and of the Medes and in the presence of that Assembly made this speech My welbeloved friends These mountaines that we see belong to the Chaldaees which if we may first be masters off and on the top of them build a fort and plant our garrison of necessitie as well the Chaldaees as the Armenians will demeane themselves loyally toward us As for our sacrifices they betoken all good on our side and as touching mans alacritie and humane meanes nothing will so much help the same forward to the atchieving of this exploit as expedition For if we can climb up the hils before the enemies assemble their power we shall either gaine the hill tops wholly without any resistance or else skirmish with our enemies when they are but few in number and feeble in strength No labour therefore can be easier and more void of daunger than if presently we be resolute in celeritie and quicke dispatch Arme your selves therefore on all hands As for you the Medes march on our left hand but yee the Armenians goe one halfe of you on the right side and the other halfe lead the way in the vaward before us Yee that bee horsemen follow behind in the Rear to incite and put us forward up the hill neither suffer yee any one faintly to draw backe When

benefit for their service For this I know that unlesse they reape some fruit of their travailes I shall not have them long obedient unto mee Howbeit my meaning is not to give them the spoile of this Citie For I suppose that not onely the Citie would thereby be utterly destroyed but I wote well also that in the rifling thereof the worst will speed best Which when Croesus heard Give me leave I pray you quoth he to say unto some of the Lydians whom I will make choice of that I have obtained at your hands thus much That there shall be no pillage at all and that you will not suffer their wives and children to be quite undone In regard of which grace and favour That I have promised unto you in the name of the Lydians that they shall willingly and assuredly give unto you as a ransome whatsoever is faire and of best price in all Sardes For if they shall heare thus much I am assured they will come with what beautifull thing or precious jewell either man or woman hath here And likewise by another yeere the City will be replenished with many goodly things for you Whereas if you fall to sacke and spoyle it you shall have your very arts and sciences which are the fountaines they say of all good things to perish utterly Moreover seeing and knowing all this you may come and consult further hereafter of saccage at your pleasure But first of all quoth he send you for mine owne treasure and let your officers require the same at the hands of mine the keepers thereof Cyrus approoved all that Croesus had said and gave consent to doe accordingly But tell me first my Croesus quoth he and that to the full what was the end of those points which were delivered unto you from the Delphicke Oracle For it is reported that you have highly honoured Apollo and done all in obedience to him Helas I would it had prooved so quoth Croesus But the truth is My deportment to Apollo hath beene such as to doe all from the very first cleane contrary unto him How came that about quoth Cyrus enforme me I pray you For these be wonders and paradoxes that you tell me First and formost saith Croesus setting behind me all care to enquire of that God those things that were necessary for mee I would needs make proofe forsooth whether he could answer truth or no And well knowne it is saith he I will not say that God but even very men who are good and honest cannot of all things abide to be discredited and if they perceive themselves once that they are not beleeved they love not those that distrust thē But afterwards knowing that I had committed a grosse absurditie and was farre from Delphi I send unto him about children But he at the first time gave mee not so much as an answer Yet afterwards when by presenting unto him many gifts of gold and silver both and by killing very many beasts in sacrifice I had at length pacified him as I thought to this my demaund how I might doe for children hee answered me that children I should have And verily a father I was of children for in this also I assure you he lied not unto me But when they were borne I had no joy nor comfort of them For the one of them was all his life time dumbe and never spake word the other being growne to excellent proofe dyed in the very flowre and best time of his age Depressed thus with these calamities as touching mine issue I send eftsoones to know of the God by what meanes I might lead the rest of my life in greatest felicitie and this answere he returned to me 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 KNOW THY SELFE CROESVS AND THOV SHALT SVRELY BE HAPPY OR THVS CROESE KNOW THY SELFE AND THOV ART HE THAT TO THY LAST SHALT HAPPY BE. Vpon the hearing of this Oracle I rejoyced For I thought that the God by enjoyning to me a most easie matter gave me happines For I supposed that as other men might partly know some and in part not so every one knew himselfe well enough And verily all the time following so long as I lived quietly in peace no cause had I after my sonne his death to complaine of fortune But being once perswaded by the Assyrian King to undertake an expedition and to warre against you I entred into a world of daungers Howbeit escape I did safe for that time without sustaining any hurt So that herein I blame not the God For so soone as I perceived my selfe unable to hold out with you in fight by the helpe of God both I and also my companie gat away in safety But now eftsoones waxing more proud by reason both of my present wealth and their perswasions also who requested me to be their Generall allured also by the rich gifts which they bestowed upon me sollicited againe by men who by way of flattery bare me in hand that if I would take upon me this soveraigne government all the world would be ruled by me Lord I should be of all and the greatest Potentate upon earth By these and such like words I say being puffed up so soone as all the Kings and Princes round about me had elected me for their Generall I tooke upon me to conduct this royall Armie as if I had beene the onely man sufficient for that supreme greatnesse But in truth herein I knew not my selfe For that I thought I was able to match you in the field who first descended from the Gods and then reckoning Kings for your progenitours have even from your childhood practised vertue and chivalrie Whereas the first of my auncestors that ware a diademe I heare say became at once a King and a Free-man By good right therefore punished I am for mine ignorance in that behalfe But now at last good Cyrus quoth he I know my selfe and thinke you Sir that Apollo spake true when he said That if I knew my selfe I should be happy For this question verily I put unto you of purpose because you seeme able to give the neerest conjecture thereof by this present occasion seeing in your hand it is to effect the thing Then said Cyrus Impart unto mee your counsell concerning this matter For considering your former felicitie I pitie your present condition and herewithall I permit you to enjoy your wife whom you have your daughters also for I heare say you have some together with your friends your servitours and the table such as hitherto yee have lived at As for battailes and wars I disable you If it be so quoth Croesus then for the love of God deliberate no further what answere to give unto me as touching my happinesse For now I protest unto you If you doe thus as you say it will come to passe that the same life which others have reputed most blessed and to whom my selfe have accorded I shall now both have and hold Then replyed Cyrus And what person enjoyeth

done was wonderously affrighted and went to see if haply he might helpe and doe any good At which very instant her Eunuches who were in number three seeing what was befallen drew forth their cimiters also and in the very place where shee had commaunded them to stand slew themselves In memoriall whereof it is said that those Eunuches Tombe then erected remaines to this day Vpon an upper pillar were written aloft by report the names of the husband and wife and those in Syriack letters but below are three other Columnes with this Inscription 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. of the Eunuches Cyrus when hee was come neere unto this pitious sight as he wondered much at the womans act so when he had lamented for her hard fortune departed And verily good order was taken as meet it was that they should be honoured with all due obsequies accordingly yea and as the voice goeth a mighty great monument and a stately was there erected for them CHAP. V. How Cyrus by the wisedome and policie of Cadusius tooke the King of Phrygia prisoner brought under subjection in small time the Cappadoci●ns the Arabians and all the Nations round about Which done how he embattailed his forces to the number of 40000. men in armes and approched Babylon AFter all this the Carians vpon some discord and variance that arose among them growing to civill warre those I meane who held and inhabited the strong forts of the country came from both sides to Cyrus and besought his aide And Cyrus himselfe remaining still in Sardes caused fabricks and engins and warlike rammes to be made to the end hee might raze their holds and castles who would not come in and yeeld obedience unto him But into Caria he sent Cadusius the Pers●an a man otherwise not unwitty nor unskilfull in military feats and besides very gracious and of pleasant behaviour him I say he sent with the conduct of an armie In which expedition the Cilicians and Cyprians right willingly joyned with him Which was the cause that he never did set any Persian Lord over the Cilicians and the Cyprians but stood contented with their owne native Kings Howbeit he imposed a tribute upon them and enjoyned them to serve in his warres as occasion required Now when this Cadusius Generall of the forces above-said was come into Caria there presented themselues unto him certaine Carians of both factions ready to receive him into their strong forts and walled townes for to endamage the adverse side But Cadusius did by both alike and shewed vnto them the same countenance saying unto those with whom hee happened to parle that they spake to right good purpose and propounded conditions standing better with reason than the other willing them withall to carry the businesse so closely as that their opposites might not know they were entred into amity with him making semblance as if by this meanes he meant to set upon the adverse side more unprovided Moreover he required security on both parts to wit that the Carians should sweare for to receive the Persians into their walled townes without all fraud and to the behoufe of Cyrus and the Persians also that himselfe should take an oath that he would enter into their forts without guile and to the good of those that admitted him Which when he had made sure he appointed unto them both one and the same night without the knowledge either of other and in it with his Civallery entred their Castles and so at one time became master of both their said fortresses So soone as day appeared sitting in the mids with his army about him he called before him such persons of either side as were men of worth and action who being in place and looking one upon another tooke the matter very ill supposing they were on both sides circumvented and deceived But Cadusius made a speech unto them to this effect I sware unto you O yee Carians that I would enter these holds and castles without all guile and for their benefit who received me Therefore If I should destroy either of you I iudge my selfe to have come in to the hurt and hinderance of the Carians But if I make peace betweene you and worke it so that yee may in safety till your grounds I suppose then that my comming is for your good and profit And therefore behoovefull it is that from this day forward yee commerce friendly one with another follow your husbandry without feare and contract mutuall marriages betweene your children reciprocally Now if there be any of you besides the true meaning hereof goe about to offer injurie know they that both Cyrus and we will be enemies unto them From thenceforth were the said Castle gates set open the wayes frequented with passengers resorting to and fro and the fields full of husbandmen tilling the ground On both sides they kept holidayes and made feasts In a word all places were with peace and joy replenished Soone after there arrived certaine messengers from Cyrus unto Cadusius demaunding of him whether he stood in need of any forces or munition Vnto whom he made answer that he could make use even of the armie which he had already else-where And no sooner had he uttered these words but he led away his power leaving behind him in the said walled townes souldiers in garrison But the Carians earnestly besought him to stay which when he refused to doe they sent unto Cyrus requesting him to send Cadusius unto them for to be their Governour About this time Cyrus had sent away Hystaspas with an armie into that Phrygia which boundeth upon Hellespontus Therefore after that Cadusius was come he commaunded him to follow with his power that very way where Hystaspas was gone before to the end that the Phrygians might the rather yeeld obedience unto Hystaspas hearing once that other forces were to joyne with his And verily those Greeks which inhabit the sea-coasts by giving many presents wrought so that they were not compelled to admit the Barbarians into their fensed townes but onely to pay tribute and goe to serve in the warres whither Cyrus should commaund them But the King of Phrygia prepared to stand upon his owne guard as if he would defend his strong holds and not obey and so he openly gave it out and sent defiance But when his Captaines were once revolted from him so that he was left alone at the last he rendred himselfe into the hands of Hystaspas for to receive his doome of Cyrus Then Hystaspas leaving behind him strong garrisons of Persian souldiers in the fortresses dislodged and led away with him over and above his owne forces many Phrygians as well horsemen as targuatiers Now Cyrus had given authority and commission unto Cadusius after he had ioyned with Hystaspas to bring those Phrygians with their armour who made choise to side with him but such as chose rather to fight to unhorse and disarme and commaund them all to follow with slings Thus were they at that time