Now for the cure you shall cause him to be let bloud in all the lower parts of his body to draw the bloud from his head as namely on the shackell veines the spurre veines the plat veines and the thigh veines and you shall let him bloud aboundantly then giue him this drinke Take the roote of wild cowcumber or where that cannot be gotten take a handfull of rue and mints and a handfull of blacke elleborus and boyle them in strong red wine and giue it luke warme to the horse in a horne Some vse to giue mans dung with wine three mornings together and also to rubbe his body ouer with a friction at least twice a day and not to faile to giue him moderate exercise Other vse to pierce the skinne of his head with a hot yron to let out the ill humours Others as the most certaine of all medicines vse to geld him of both or one stone at the least but I like it not for mine owne part the cure I haue euer vsed for this griefe was either to make him swallow down hard hens dung or else to giue him to drinke the root of Virgapastoris stâ—mpt in water and for his ordering during the cure I would haue his stable quyet but not close and his foode onely warme mashes of malt and water yet but a very little at one time for the thinnest dyet is best CHAP. 31. Of the Sleeping euill or Lethargie in horses THe sleeping euill is an infirmity which maketh a horse to sleepe continually depriuing him thereby both of memory appetite and all alacrity of spirit It is most incident to white and dunne horse because it proceedeth only from flegme cold grosse which moysturing the braine too much causeth heauinesse and sleepe There needes no other signe more then his sleeping onely The cure is to keepe him waking whether he will or no with great noises and affrights then let him bloud in the necke and the palate of the mouth and giue him to drinke water luke warme wherein hath bene boyled camomill mother woort wheate branne salt and vinegar you shall also persume his head and make him neese and annoynt the palate of his mouth with hony and mustard mixt together it shall not be amisse if with the ordinary water which he drinketh you mixe either parsley seede or fennell seede for that will prouoke vrine you shall also bath his legges and stop his houes with bran salt and vinegar boyled together and applyed as hot as may be and his stable would be lightsome and full of noyse CHAP. 32. Of a Horse that is taken or of shrow running THose horses are supposed by Farriers to be taken or as some call it planet strooke which are depriued of feeling or of mouing not being able to stirre any member but remaineth in the same forme as he was at his time of taking Some hold it proceedeth from choler and fleame when they are superaboundantly mixt together or of melancholy bloud which being a cold dry humour doth oppresse and sicken the hinder part of the braine Other ancient Farriers hold it cometh of some extreme cold or extreme heate or raw disgestion striking into the empty veins suddainly or else of extreme hunger caused by long fasting The signes thereof are numbnesse and want of motion before spoken of as for the cure it is diuers for first you must note whether it come of cold or heate if it come of cold you shall know it by the stuffing and poze in the head which euer is ioyned with the disease if of heate by the hotnesse of his breath and cleare fetching of his winde Now if it proceed from cold you shall giue him to drinke one ounce of Lacerpitium mixt with sallet oyle and muskadine luke warme if it proceede of heate you shall giue one ounce of Lacerpitium with water and hony luke warme but if it proceede of crudity or raw disgestion then you shall helpe him by fasting and if it proceede of fasting then you shall heale him by feeding him often with good meate as with wholesome bread and dry oates yet but a little at a time that he may euer eate with a good stomacke Now for the French Farriers as Monsieur Horace and the rest who call this disease Surprius they hold it cometh onely from cold causes following hot accidents and they vse for their cure to let him bloud on the breast veines and then put him into a sweate either by exercise or multiplicity of clothes but many clothes is better because the horse is not capable of labour and sometimes they will bury him all saue the head in an old dunghill till throuh the heate thereof his limbs receiue such feeling that he begins to struggle out of the same All which cures are not much amisse yet in mine opinion this is the best easiest and surest way First to let him bloud in the necke and breast then to annoynt all his body with oyle Petrolium then giue him this drinke Take of malmsey three pints and mixe it with a quarterne of sugar cynamon and cloues and let him drinke it luke warme then take old rotten wet litter and for want thereof wet hay and with clothes sursingles and cords swaddle al his whole body ouer with the same of a good thicknesse and renew it once in three daies till he be whole let his stable be warme his exercise moderate and if he grow costiue let him first be raked and after giue him either a glister or a suppositary according to his strength There is also another kinde of taking and that is when a horse is planet strooke or stricken with thunder but it is vtterly vncurable and therefore I will omit to speake further of it The last kinde of taking is when a horse is shrow runne that when a horse lieth sleeping there is a certain venemous field mouse called a shrow whose head is extraordinary long like a swines head and her feete shorter of the one side then the other This mouse if she happen to runne ouer any of the limbes of the horse presently the horse leeseth the vse of that limbe she ranne ouer and if she runne ouer his body he commonly leeseth the vse of his hinder loynes and these accidents hauing bene often found vnexpected common Farriers haue held the horse to be taken or planet strooke As for the cure thereof the best is to seeke out a bryer which groweth at both ends and take the horse or beast that is thus vexed and draw him vnder the same and it is a present remedy For mine owne part I haue heard much both of the infirmity and of the cure but I haue had no experience of it but only in one yong foale which being suddainly lame was as suddainly helped to my much contentment CHAP. 33. Of the Staggers THe staggers is a dizzy madnesse of the braine proceeding from corrupt bloud or grosse tough and heauy humours which oppresse and make sicke the
from cholickes or such like paines Dialtea or Dialthea is an oyntment made of holy-hoxe or sea-mallowes it warmeth and moysteneth Dragonwort is hot and dry and bindeth much E Ebuli which we call Elder is hot dry in the third degree it drieth and driueth out water and expelleth choler and thin fleame see Sambucus Edera terrestris which we cal ground luy see Hedera Elaterium see Cucumeri Elleboro which we call neesing powder of it are two kinds the white and blacke it is hote and dry in the third degree Eruca which we call rocket and of which the wild is the best the seeds thereof are hot and dry and expelleth vrine wormes and water Esula which is an hearbe like spurge is hote in the fourth degree and dryeth and cleanseth exceedingly and of some is called wolfes milke Eusorbium is a gum that is hot in the fourth degree it drieth purgeth cleanseth and exulcerateth much Exerusion which is that which we call Oxicration is a certaine composition or mixture made of Aceto and water and is good to allay swellings and tumors F Faha which we call a beane is cold and dry and it cleanseth and dissolueth Farina which we call bran is hot and dry in the first degree and dissolueth very much Fearne is dry and binding but the roote is hote and cleansing and killeth wormes Felle which we call gall is hot and dry it cleanseth and mundifieth Ferugo which we call the rust of iron is hot and dry in the second degree it comforteth and restraineth euill humors Fici aridi which we call dry â—igges are hot and dry in the second degree they ripen tumors soften and consume hardnesse and are good for pursicknesse coughes and diseases of the lungs Filomontano which we call a dodder being a thing that cleaueth to hearbes winding about them like threeds it openeth the liuer and milt and purgeth all fleame and choler Filonio is a composition which will astonish or benumbe any part or member Fennel is hot in the third and dry in the first degree it doth dissolue all manner of grosse humours and is good for the liuer or lungs Foligine which we call foot is hot dry and it dryeth maruellously and so doth all soots whatsoeuer G Gallanga which we cal Galingale is hote dry in the third degree it easeth the stomacke of all grieues which proceed from cold causes it strengtheneth the braine and comforteth the senses Galbanum is hote in the third degree and dry in the second it softeneth stoppeth and draweth away euil humors and is good against colds Galla which we call gals or a light fruit of okes are hot and piercing Garifilata which we call hearbe bennet is hote and dry in the second degree Garofoli which we call cloues is hot and dry in the 3. degree are very comfortable for inward sicknesse Genger is hot and is excellent to preserue heate in the inward parts Ginista or Ginestra which we call broome is hote and dry in the third degree it killeth worms and scoureth much Gentian especially the root is hot in the third dry in the second degree it doth extenuate purge and cleanse all euill humors and is good for the liuer and stomacke and for wounds and soares Giglio which we call lillies softeneth sinewes and are good for wounds and soares Giniper is hot and dry in the third degree Gramen which is any manner of graine or pulse is cold and dry except wheate and that is temperatly hot and moyst they do incarnate and mundifie Grasso which is any manner of fat is hot and moist and doth ripen and soften H Harundiniâ— cortex which we call cane reed is hot dry in the third degree Hedera which we cal Iuy is a great drawer opener Helxine which we call pellitory of the wall cleanseth and bindeth and is good for any old cough or for any inflammations Hyssopo which we call hyssope there is both wilde and that of the garden but the garden is the best it is hote and dry in the third degree it cleanseth and warmeth and is good for inflammations of the lungs old coughs poses rheumes and short winde Hordeo which we call barly is cold and dry in the first degree and it mundifieth and cooleth I Incenso which we call Frankinsence it dryeth and incarnateth see Olibanum Ipericon which we call Saint Iohns wort expelleth moisture and healeth burnings Ireos Florentina which we call Flower de luce especially the roote it warmeth ripeneth and cleanseth and is good for the cough and is hote and dry in the third degree Iride Illyrica see Helpine Iris is a roote that is hote and dry it cleanseth and ripeneth and is good against colds purgeth vlcers Iasquiani which wee call henbane is cold in the fourth degree it astonieth and benumbeth L Ligustum which wee call louage is hote and dry in the third degree it expelleth winde especially the seed and roote Lapathum which wee cal a docke is cold and moist and it mollifieth Lauri which we call laurell or bayes are hote and dry and they cleanse and mundifie Lentisco is a gumme that is like maslicke it is dry in the second degree and moderately bindeth it is bitter in tast and euer greene Linosa which we call slaxe or line the seed thereof is hote and dry it ripeneth and mollifieth tumors Lee is hote and dry in the fourth degree it is very adustiue cleansing and piercing Lithargirio of which there are two kinds the one of the colour of gold the other of siluer it is very dry it bindeth softeneth incarnateth cooleth and closeth vp and of these two that which is like gold is the best Lolium which wee call cockle is hote and dry in the third degree and dissolueth much Lâ—mache which we call house-snailes without shels doe conglutinate very much M Malâ—a is cold and moist it stoppeth softneth and mitigateth paine Maluaniscus is very dry it softeneth looseneth and incarnatâ—th Mace is dry in the third degree without heate and onely bindeth Manna is of equall temper hote and dry it openeth it mollifieth and incarnateth Mariaton or Martiaton is a hote vnguent against all cold humors it helpeth the griefe of sinewes purgeth cold watry matters and ripens tumors Marrobio which we call horehound of which there are two kinds the white and blacke but the white is the better it is hote in the second and dry in the third degree it helpeth obstructions in the liuer openeth and purgeth and is good against colds or for soares Masticke is hote in the first and dry in the second degree It draweth and dryeth bindeth and sofineth and is good against old cold Medulla which we call marrow of what kind soeuer is cold moist mollifieth vlcers now the best marrow is that of the hart or old stagge the next that of a calle the next that of a sheepe and the last that of a goate Mel which wee call hony
is hote and dry in the second degree it cleanseth the stomacke and entrails stoppeth humors and incarnateth wounds Melissa which we call balme is hote in the second dry in the first degree it cleanseth conglutinateth Mentha which we call Mints is hot in the third and dry in the second degree of which the wilde minte is best it killeth wormes it bindeth it dissolueth and is good for the stomacke or a cold liuer Minio which we cal redde lead is cold and dry and good against swellings Mirre or Mirrha is a soueraigne gum it is hote dry in the second degree it conglutinateth bindeth and cleanseth wounds is good against al colds killeth wormes and helpeth the pursicke for though it doth cleanse much yet it doth not exasperate the arteries also it doth incarnate Morcosita or Marcasita is hot and dry it comforteth bindeth and melteth humors Mertilla is the fruite of the mirtil tree it is dry in the third degre it doth bind good loosen euil humors Morcas which we call the mulbery the vnripe is cold and dry in the second degree the barke but chiefly the roote is hote and dry in the third degree it doth cleanse purge and bind the roote thereof killeth wormes and the gumme thereof doth loosen and the iuice of the berry doth heale cankers or soare mouths N Narcissi radix which we call the roote of white Daffadill â—â— or else prim-rose pearlesse is dry it cleanseth and draweth and healeth wounds Nardiradix which wee call setwal is hot in the first and dry in the second degree it bindeth and Spico Nardo prouoketh vrine Nasturtio is hote and dry in the fourth degree it burneth it draweth and melteth and killeth wormes see Agrecum which wee call cresles Nigilla which we call git is hote and dry in the third degree it stayeth wind killeth wormes and looseneth yet to giue too great a quantity is dangerous Nitro is of the same nature that salte-peter is and it mundifieth exceedingly O Olibanum is a gumme it is hote and dry in the second degree it warmeth bindeth closeth woundes and incarnateth Oyle of Oliues is of a very temperate nature and changeth his qualities according to the nature of the simples which are mixt with him Opium is cold and dry in the fourth degree and is a liquor made of poppy dried and mixt with saffron it doth astonish and prouoke sleede Opoponax is a gumme that is hote in the third and dry in the second degree it softeneth and stayeth humors is good against all colds see Papauer Galbanum Bdelium and Sagapenum Orpimento is a kind of mettall of which the artificial is called Arsnick is hote in the third degree and dry in the second it bindeth corrodeth burneth and fretteth and is a corrosiue Origono which wee call wilde marioram or penyrial is hote and dry in the third degree it taketh away stoppings and is good for coughes Orobus which we call fitches are hote in the first dry in the second degree they do open cleanse Orzo which we call barley is cold and drye in the first degree it ripeneth and cleanseth Ortica which we call nettles are hote and dry they are biting wholesome for the lungs or for soares Oria which we call egges the white is cold and the yolke is hot and doth incarnate P Panacea is that hearbe whose fruite wee call Opoponax Panico is a graine which wee call panicke it is cold and dry and bindeth Papauer which we call poppy the seeds thereof are white and hote in the fourth degree see Opium Pastinache which we call parsnips are hot and doe prouoke vrine Pece which we call pitch is hot dry in the second degree it draweth drieth and ripeneth Pece liquida which we call tarre is hote and dry in the second degree is good against colds or euill humors gathered together in the breast and draweth wounds Pece Rasina which we cal rosen or pitch of Greece it draweth healeth and incarnateth Pece Rasina liquida which we call turpentine it doth draw skinne incarnate and conglutinate things together Pepper is hote and dry in the fourth degree it is both attractiue and mundificatiue and good for all diseases of the breast or lungs Peaches are cold and moyst in the second degree they binde and stirre vp wormes Petasites which we call butter burre is drye in the third degree Petrolium is a certaine oyle made of salt-peter and Bitumen it is hot and dry in the second degree it healeth wounds and comforteth weake members Petrosellium which we cal parsley or stone parsley is especially his seed hot and dry in the third degree it staies winde openeth and prouoketh vrine Phylonium of which there are two kinds Phylonium Romanum Phylonium Persicum are excellent compositions and most comfortable after the losse of bloud Poligono which we call knot-grasse is cold in the second degree and keepeth backe humors Plantago which we call plantaine is cold and dry in the third degree it comforteth dryeth bindeth and incarnateth wounds Porrl which we call leekes scallions or onyons are hot dry and do extenuate obstructions and raise vp and loosen all euill humors in the body Puere or porrum is hot in the second degree and is good for all cold waterish stomackes Pulegum which we call penyryall is hot and dry in the third degree it doth vehemently dry vp moisture warmeth ripeneth and is good for the lungs see Origono Punicum Malum which we cal pomegranate is cold dry it bindeth prouoketh vrine is good for the stomacke R Rasano or Raphanus which we call radish is hot in the third and dry in the second degree they comfort and are good for old colds but especially they prouoke vrine Resina which we call rosen is hot and dry in the second degree it stoppeth softeneth cleanseth draweth and purgeth wounds and is good against cold causes Resalgar See Risigallo Regoritio or Rigolitio which we call licoras is temperatâ— in heate moisteneth ripeneth and is good for heate in the stomacke or liuer and profitable against wounds Risigallo is a composition of Sulpure orpiment and vnsleckt lime and is a most strong corrosiue Rosaeflos which we call rose leaues or rose cakes are dry and binding Rubea which we call madder is dry it comforteth and incarnateth the root thereof prouoketh vrine is good for the yellowes Ruberb or Rubarb is hote and dry in the second degree it purgeth choler and fleame and putteth away stoppings Ruta which we call rue or hearbe of grace is hote and dry in the third degree but the wild rue in the fourth degree and therefore exulcerateth the garden rue disgesteth and mightily comforteth all inflammations it ripeneth and dryeth and expelleth winde S Sauina which we call Sauine is hot and dry in the third degree it openeth dissolueth and dryeth mightily and is most soueraigne against wormes Sacaro is hot and moyst and comfortable Sagapenum See Serapino Sagina or Saggina or Sorgo of some called panicum Indicum is onely hote and dry Sale which we call salt is hot and dry in the second dregree and it cleanseth Salamora which we call brine or water and salt is of the same nature that salt is Salâ—armoniacke is hot and dry in the fourth degree it cleanseth Salee which we call sallowes or willow it bindeth and drieth vehemently Salgemma is a kinde of salt which is hote and dry it cleanseth and mundifieth Saluitro some vse for this salt-peter it is hot dry euaporateth it comforteth sinewes and taketh away tiring or wearinesse Saluia which we call sage is hot and dry in the second degree it cleanseth and bindeth is good for wounds or exulceration of the lungs Sambucus which we call Elder tree or wal-wort that is like Elder tree is hot in the second degree and dry in the first it dryeth disgesteth and conglutinateth Sandolo which we call saunders are cold and drye in the second degree and driue backe humors Sandolo Rosso or Sandolo Bianca which wee call red sand or whitesand are hote and dry and bring on skin Sanguis draconis see Cinaber yet some take it for the red docke or red patience but it is not so Sapone which we call sope is hot it draweth mollifieth drieth and purgeth Sassifragia which we call saxifrage is hote and dry and binding Scabioso which we call scallions is hot and dry in the second degree they do regenerate and are good for scabs for the lungs or for soarenesse in the breast Seamonium which is the iuice of a roote is hote in the third degree it disgesteth and purgeth choler but must neuer be giuen inwardly vnlesse it be corrected Scariola which we call endiue is cold and dry and binding Scarcocolla is a gumme of the kind of Euforbium it is hote and dry in the second degree it cleanseth incarnateth and comforteth wounds Sea onion is hote in the second and dry in the first degree it ripeneth and expelleth humors it hindereth putrifaction and preserueth health Semola which we call young coleworts are hot and dry in the first degree Semperuine which we call housleeke and some call stonecrop is cold in the third and dry in the second degree it is good for burnings or frettings or for inflammations of vlcers it driueth backe humors cooleth and bindeth Seua dolce is hote in the second and dry in the first degree it cleanseth and openeth Serapino is a gum of Ferula it is hote in the third and dry in the second degree it mollifieth looseneth and is good for colds Serpillo which we call wilde running Bettonie or Time smelling like marioram is hot dry in the third degree Sinapi which wee call mustard is hote and dry in the fourth degree it draweth and resolueth and is good for scurfes or wild scabbes Solatro which wee call night shade is cold in the third degree Sulphure viue which we call brimstone is hote and dry in the third degree it draweth disperseth humors
disposed as thus That horse in whom bloud hath the greatest predominance may be called a horse sanguine is bright bay of colour and in disposition pleasant nimble and of temperate or moderate motion That horse in whom fleame hath the greatest dominion and may be called a flegmatike horse is for the most part of a milke white colour and so consequently slow dull and heauy If choler beare the greatest rule in his constitution then is his colour commonly a bright sorrell and by that meanes of disposition hot fiery and of little strength Lastly if the earth haue gotten power aboue the other elements so that he may be called a melancholy horse then is his colour commonly a mouse dunne and his disposition cowardly faint and slothfull But because these particularities are properly appertaining to the complexions of horses of which we shall haue cause to speake more largely hereafter I will not stand vpon any greater relation onely I giue you thus much in conclusion to vnderstand that euery one of these aforesaid humours hath his proper vse or end whereunto it serueth as thus Bloud serueth most properly to nourish the body Fleame giueth motion to the ioynts Choler prouoketh the auoydance of excrements and Melancholy begetteth an appetite or longing to his meate Now during the time that these humours do possesse their naturall qualities so long they are wholesome and bee called by their simple names without glosse or addition but if by any mischance they be disordered or corrupted then they are vnwholesome and are no longer called by their simple names but haue other epithetons annexed vnto them as Melancholy Bloud Salt Fleame Choler adust or Burnt Choler and fretting Melancholy whereof proceedeth many pestilent and dangerous diseases as shall be at large declared hereafter And thus much for the state of humours CHAP. 5. Of Members and their seuerall kinds TOuching Members which are the fourth maine instruments in this great fabricke of a horses body they are by Schoolemen diuided into two parts The first is called similaria which is like semblable or one and the same thing The other is called instrumentall and are contrary to the first Members alike are those which being separated or distâ—â—buted into parts yet euery part thereof is alike in substance to the whole neither altering in definition appellation or nature as flesh bone sinew and such like for flesh being cut or incised into many parts yet is euery part still flesh so reputed and so called as well as when it was in combination altogether and as of this so likewise may it be said of bones sinewes and their like Now for members instrumentall they bee those which being made of parts semblable and diuided into parts yet the parts are not alike neither haue all one name with the whole as the head legge foote and such like for euery part of the head is not called the head nor euery part of the legge the legge but haue other appellations as the brow the temples the knee the feetlocke and so forth Now these instrumentall members in doing of their offices and duties are of much more perfection then the semblable members wherefore Schoole-men haue made amongst these instrumentall members foure soueraignes or princes aboue the rest that is the Braine the Heart the Liuer and the Stones of which the first three are the preseruers of the singular body and the fourth of the whole kinde the first three giuing motion and agitation to the body the fourth generation and 〈◊〉 to succâ—eding ages Now from these principall members like branches from a well growne tree do spring other members which do them seruice as from the braine springeth â—inewes whose office is feeling from the heart arteries whose office is sprightinesse and liuely hood from the liuer veines whose office is warmth and strength and from the stones the seede vessels whose office is procreation and increase Now for as much as from those doth likewise proceede a world of other members as Tendants Ligaments Lungs Splâ—ene Guts and such like all which in as much as the knowledge of them doth more properly belong to the office of the Chyrurgian then to the Physitian though most necessary for both I am herâ— to aduertise euery studious reader that when he shall haue occasion to meddle with any member about a horse that he turne to the second booke in this volume which treateth onely of surgery and there he shall not only find euery member and lineament in a horse but also the true anatomies so liuely demonstrated that there shall be nothing wanting to the perfecting of his vnderstanding And thus much in this place of members CHAP. 6. Of Powers and how a Horses body is gouerned by them POwers which by some are called vertues or principall faculties and do gouerne and controll both the body of man or beast and haue the fift place in this worke are in number three that is the Power animall the Power vitall and the Power naturall The Power animall is a vertue incident to the braine which through the sinewes coming like little conduit pipes from the braine distributeth feeling and mouing to all the parts of the body The Power vitall is a vertue belonging to the heart which doth giue life and spirit to all the body by meanes of the arteries which proceeding from the heart which is the chiefe fountaine of naturall heate carries in their little channels ouer the whole body that aire and spirituall bloud which makes it full of lightnesse and alacrity The Power naturall is a vertue belonging to the liuer which giues nourishment vnto all the body and to euery part thereof by meanes of the veines which do likewise proceede from the liuer like greater conduites carrying the bloud from the liuer which is the fountaine of bloud into euery part of the body Besides the Power naturall containeth foure other vertues that is the vertue attractiue which draweth food meete to sustaine the body the vertue retentiue by which it retaineth and keepeth the foode receiued the vertue disgestiue whereby it concocteth and disgesteth the same And lastly the vertue expulsiue by which it expelleth excrements and superfluities Thus these powers or vertues being of no lesse validity then you perceiue by this discourse it is the part and duty of euery good Horse-leach to haue a most carefull and vigilant respect vnto them for if any of them faile the horse cannot liue Therefore whensoeuer you see that either your horse refuseth his foode or that he doth not retaine and keepe his foodâ— but casteth it vp againe or that he doth not digest his food but keeps it corruptly in his stomacke or that he can not void his excrements in a naturall manner but holds it burning in his body take them for most certaine signes of mortall sicknesse And thus much of powers or vertues CHAP. 7. Of Actions or Operations and whereto they belong AS touching Actions or operations which are the sixt columne
spring time of the yeare when bloud begins to encrease and most commonly to colts and yong horses it proceeds of the same causes that the Quotidian doth and sometimes of ranknesse and ill bloud The signes to know it are all the signes formerly spoken of and this as the chiefest that the horse will be apparantly sicke as it were on the Munday then apparantly well on the Tuesday and sicke on the Wednesday following This feuer is neuer seene but it beginneth with shaking The cure therefore is assoone as you perceiue the horse to begin to shake you shall take a certaine hearbe or rather weede called stone-croppe and bruising it in a stone morter take some foure spoonefull of the iuice thereof and infuse it in a quart of strong alè and giue it the horse to drinke then walke him gently vp and downe in some temperate aire for an howre then set him vp with the helpe of clothes put him into a sweate for an other howre then coole him and in any wise till his fits leaue him let him drinke no cold water and let his prouender be the oldest and dryest oates you can get onely vpon his good dayes before his fits come keepe him very long fasting and empty CHAP. 18. Of the Quartane Feuer THe Quartane feuer is that which some Farriers call a third daies sicknesse as thus If his fit begin on the Munday he will be well on the Tuesday and Wednesday and sicke againe one the Thursday It proceedeth from the same causes that the Tertian feuer doth yet in his working is not so apparantly violent but of much longer continuance for if great care helpe be not these feuers will last some a quarter of a yeare some halfe a yeare and some a whole yeare There needes no other signe to know it then the coming and going of the fits as hath bene declared already And for the cure it is the selfe same which is described in the former chapter for the Tertian feuer onely if his fits do not leaue him at the first taking of the medicine you shall then giue it him againe the second time but not aboue thrice at the most in any wise CHAP. 19. Of the Feuer Continuall THe feuer continuall is that which continueth without any intermission and it is most dangerous and violent for there is in it the effects of all the former feuers euer one taking place as the other endeth as a Quotidian beginning is pursued by a Tertian and a Tertian by a Quartane and those two supply so many howers till the Quotidian doth begin againe This kind of continuall feuer most often springeth from some inflammation or violent heate ingendred in the pricipall members about the heart and the signes thereof are want of rest and falling away of the flesh besides certaine inflammations or swellings which will appeare about his withers and flanks The cure is first to purge his head by neesing the manner whereof you shall finde in a particular chapter hereafter which done you shall giue him this drinke Take of Iermander two ounces of gumme dragant and dryed roses of each halfe an ounce beate them into fine powder and put them into a quart of ale adding thereunto of oyle Oliue two ounces and as much hony and when it is luke warme giue it the horse to drinke then walke him a little space and after set him vp close and warme keepe him from cold water and let his prouender be dry oates CHAP. 20 Of the Hectique Feuer THe Hectique feuer in horses is a dangerous and mortall feuer being in a horse the first originall breeder of a consumption it is a certaine hot and dry humour which runneth betweene the skinne and the flesh proceeding from a sicke stomacke which hauing bene scalded with hot drinks as those ill dyeted running horses be which feede vpon much spice or those which take hot drenches vpon euery foolish and sleight occasion hath almost cleane lost the power of disgestion it sometimes happens to those horses which men too carefully teaching to drinke beere and wine do so contiâ—ually apply them thereunto that in the end they become subiect to this sicknesse The signes to know it is the horse will neuer eate with any appetite and when you draw out his tongue you shall finde it rawe and almost scalded his flesh wil be loose and flaggy and his body will be subiect to a continual trembling The cure is first wash his tongue either with the sirrop of mulberries or with allome running water sage and woodbinde leaues boiled together then giue him fasting in a morning this drink Take of aloes one ounce of agarike halfe an ounce of licoras and aniseseeds of each a dram beaten to powder let him drinke it with a quart of white wine luke warme made sweet with sugarcandy or hony let him drinke no drinke but warme mashes of malt water and let his meate be sweete bay or greene corne blades and euer after his medicine lâ—t him be chafed a little kept fasting two or three howres and stand warme and well clothed CHAP. 21. Of the Feuer taken in Autumne or the fall of the leafe ALl these feuers before spoken of do for the most part commonly happen to horses in the spring time of the yeare by reason that the new bloud is euer aptest to be inflamed yet notwithstanding we finde by experience that feuers will somtimes come at the fall of the leafe which we call Autumne and they are of longer continuance then the other The signes are none other but such as I haue already declared for they are the same feuers onely altering in the time of the yeare If therefore your horse do chance to catch a feuer at the fall of the leafe you shall let him bloud on his necke veine and in the palate of his mouth and you shall giue him to drinke the same drinke which is formerly set downe for the feuer continuall and there is no doubt of his recouery CHAP. 22. Of the Feuer taken in the Summer season A Feuer taken in the Summer season is the worst of al ordinary feuers whatsoeuer especially all such as are taken in the Dog daies because according to the opinion of Farriers al accidents are then most furious the especial signes of this feuer are that his arteries wil beate most palpably wheresoeuer he staleth there you shall perceiue he sheddeth his seed also The cure according to the ancients is to let him bloud on the great veine which he hath on his hinder haunch almost foure inches beneath his fundament but for mine own part because that vein is not so easily found of euery ignorant Smith that many times by mistaking they may cut the artery in stead of the veine I hold it fully as good to let him bloud vpon the necke veine which done giue him to drinke two howres and a halfe after this drinke Take the iuice of a handful of purslaine and mixe
a chafing dish and coales mixt them together giue it the horse to drinke this will cleanse the horses stomacke and bring it to its strength againe But the ancient Farriers did vse first to let the horse bloud in the necke veine because euery surfait breedes distemperature in the bloud then trot the horse vp and downe an howre or more and if he cannot stale draw out his yard and wash it with white wine made luke warme and thrust into his yard either a cloue of garlicke or a little oyle of camomill with a peece of small waxe candle If he cannot dung first with your hand rake his fundament and then giue him a glister of which you shall read hereafter when his glister is receiued you shall walke him vp and downe till hee haue emptyed his belly then set him vp and keepe him hungry the space of two or three dayes obseruing euer to sprinkle the hay hee eateth with a little water and let his drinke be warme water and branne made mash-wise after he hath drunke the drinke let him eate the branne if he please but from other prouender keep him fasting at least tenne dayes There be other Farriers that in this case vse onely to take a quart of beere or ale and two peny worth of sallet oyle and as much dragon water a peny worth of treacle make all these warme vpon the coales then put in an ounce of cinamon anise seedes and cloues all beaten together and so giue it the horse luke warme to drinke All these receipts are exceeding good yet for mine owne part and many of the best Farriers confirme the same there is nothing better for this disease then moderate exercise much fasting and once in foure or fiue dayes a pint of sweete wine with two spoonefull of the powder Diapente CHAP. 58. Of foundring in the body being a surfaite got either by Meate Drinke or Labour THis disease of foundring in the body is of all surfaits the most vile most dangerous and most incident vnto horses that are dayly trauelled it proceedeth according to the opinion of some Farriers from eating of much prouender suddenly after labour the horse being then as it were panting hot as we may dayly see vnskilfull horsemen do at this day whereby the meate which the horse eateth not being disgâ—sted breedeth euill and grosse humours which by little little spreading themselues through the members do at the length oppresse almost confound the whole body absolutely taking away from him al his strength insomuch that he can neither go nor bow his ioynts nor being layd is able to rise againe besides it taketh away from him his instrumentall powers as the office both of vrine and excrements which cannot be performed but with extreme paine There be other Farriers and to their opinion I rather leane that suppose it proceedeth from suffering the horse to drinke too much in his trauell being very hot whereby the grease being suddenly cooled it doth clappe about and suffocate the inward parts with such a loathsome fulnesse that without speedy euacuation there can be no hope but of death onely Now whereas some Farriers do hold that this foundring in the body should be no other then the foundring in the legges because it is say they a melting and dissolution of humours which resort downeward they are much deceiued for it is not as they hold a dissolution of humours but rather a binding together of corporall and substantiall euils which by an vnnaturall accident doth torment the heart Now for the hold which they take of the name Foundring as if it were drawne from the French word Fundu signifying melting truly I thinke it was rather the ignorance of our old Farriers which knew not how to entitle the disease then any coherence it hath with the name it beareth For mine owne part I am of opinion that this disease which we cal foundring in the body doth not onely proceede from the causes aforesayd but also and most oftest by sudden washing horses in the winter season when they are extreme fat and hot with instant trauell where the cold vapour of the water striking into the body doth not onely astonish the inward and vitall parts but also freezeth vp the skin and maketh the bloud to leese his office Now the signes to know this disease are holding downe of his head staring vp of his haire coughing staggering behinde trembling after water dislike of his meate leannesse stiffe going disability to rise when he is downe and to conclude which is the chiefest signe of all other his belly will be clung vp to his backe and his backe rising vp like a Camell The cure according to the opinion of the Farriers is first to rake his fundament and then to giue him a glister which done and that the horses belly is emptyed then take of malmsey a quart of sugar halfe a quarterne of cinamon halfe an ounce of licoras and anise seedes of each two spoonefull beaten into fine powder which being put into the malmsey warme them together at the fire so that the hony may be molten then giue it the horse luke warme to drinke which done walke him vp and downe either in the warme stable or some warme roade the space of an howre then let him stand on the bit fasting two howres more onely let him be warme clothed stopt and littered when you giue him hay let it be sprinkled with water and let his prouender be very cleane sifted from dust and giuen by a little at once and let his drinke be warme mashes of malt and water Now when you see him recouer and get a little strength you shall then let him bloud in the necke veine and once a day perfume him with Frankinsence to make him neese and vse to giue him exercise abroad when the wether is warme and in the house when the weather is stormy Now there be other Farriers which vse for this disease to take a halfe peny worth of garlicke two peny worth of the powder of pepper two peny worth of the powder of ginger two peny worth of graines bruised and put all these into a pottell of strong ale and giue it the horse to drinke by a quart at a time dyetting and ordering him as is aforesayd and when he gâ—tteth strength either let him bloud in the necke veine or the spurre veines or on both to conclude there is no drinke nor dyet which is comfortable but is most soueraigne and good for this infirmity CHAP. 59. Of the greedy Worme or hungry Euill in Horses THIS hungry Euill is a disease more common then found out by our Farriers because the most of our horse-maisters out of great ignorance hold it a speciall vertue to see a horse eatâ— eagerly whereas indeeede this ouer-hasty and greedy eating is more rather an infirmity and sicknesse of the inward parts and this disease is none other then an insatiate and greedy eating contrary to nature and old custome
spread a liuely heate and feeling ouer the whole body and of frictions both according to the opinion of the old Farriers also all the best of this present age these are the most soueraigne Take of damaske roses one pound of old oyle a pint of strong vinegar a pint and an halfe of mints and rew beaten into powder of each one ounce and a halfe together with one old dry nut beate them and mingle them well together then being strained and made luke warme if it be in the sommertime and that the Sunne shine hot take the horse abroad but if otherwise keepe him in the stable and heating a barre of yron exceeding hot hold it ouer and on each side the horse and with the oyntment rubbe and chafe the horse all ouer against the haire vntill the horse beginne to sweate then cloathe the horse very warme and let him stand This friction is excellent against all winter feuers or any inward sicknesse that cometh of cold Take of blacke Elleborus two or three handfuls and boyle it in a sufficient quantity of strong vinegar and with that rubbe and chafe all the horses head and body quite ouer once or twice a day and it is most excellent against frenzy madnesse or any drynesse or scallynesse of the skinne Take oyle de bay or Dialthea and annoynt all the horses body all ouer therewith holding a panne of coales or a hot panne of coales neare the oyntment to make it sinke in or else make him a bathe of running water wherein is boyled rew wormewood sage Iuniper bay leaues and hyssope and bathe all his body therewith either of these are most soueraigne for the mourning of the chine or any disease of the liuer lungs or spleene Take wine and oyle and hauing mixt them together chafe and rubbe the horses body therewith and it is most soueraigne for any inward sicknesse especially of the liuer To bathe a horse in salt water is very wholesome both for the horses skinne and also for any disease of the stomacke Lastly take of mallowes of sage of each two or three handfuls and a rose cake boyle them together in water then being boyled till the water be all consumed then adde a good quantity of butter or â—allet oyle and mixing them together bathe all the horses foure legges therewith and all the parts of his body also and there is nothing more soueraigne for a horse that hath bene tyred or ouer-trauelled To let bloud and with that bloud and oyle and vinegar presently to annoynt his body helpeth most sorts of infirmities CHAP. 96. Generall Drenches or Medicines for all the inward diseases or surfaits in Horses THere is no medicine more soueraigne for all diseases which breede in a horses body then to take two spoonefull of the powder called Diapente and brew it with a pint either of sacke or muskadine and so giue it the horse to drinke fasting in a morning and do this at least three mornings together especially when the horse beginneth first to droope The next to this is to take of selladine two handfuls both root and leaues choppe them and bruise them then take of rew as much of redde sage and of mints as much and of aloes halfe an ounce boyle these in a pottle of beare or ale till the one halfe be consumed and then giue it the horse luke warme to drinke 〈◊〉 foure ounces of Diapente and mixe it with foure ounces of clarified hony and keepe it in a close glasse and giue halfe an ounce thereof with a pint of sweete wine to the horse to drinke and it is an excellent drench Take of licoras an ounce of anise seedes of comin seedes of each halfe an ounce of Elicampanam rootes as much of turmericke and bayes of each a quarter of an ounce of long pepper and fenugreeke of each two drammes beate these small and searse them and put fiue spoonefull thereof into a quart of ale warmed with a little butter or oyle it is very soueraigne for any disease coming of cold causes Take a quart of good ale or wine a raw egge beaten mingled with twelue scruples of quicke sulphure and foure scruples of Myrre made into powder and giue it the horse to drinke it is a good drench The powder of brimstome mixt with sweete wine is a good drench also The roote of the sea onion the rootes of popler called in Greeke Rhammos mingled with common salt giuen in water keepeth the horse long in health Take fiue pound of fenegreeke and bruise it seeth it in water till it waxe thicke adde a pound of sweete butter an ounce of linseede oyle and as much of the oyle of nuts mingle them well together and giue it the horse in three or foure dayes to drinke by a pretty quantity at a time Selladine simply of it selfe or rew simply of it selfe boyled in beere or ale and as much brimstone as a wal-nut is an excellent drench for any long taken surfaite Garlicke and housleeke beaten together in a mortar and then boyled in beere or ale from a pottle to a quart then mixt with licoras anise seedes and sugarcandy and a pretty quantity of oyle is an excellent drench for any inward sicknesse which doth proceede from hot causes as is the Frenzy the Anticor and such like And thus much of generall drenches and their vses CHAP. 97. How to make the powder called Diapente THis word Diapente is as much as to say a composition of fiue simples for the receipt is thus compounded Take of Genâ—ian of Aristolochia of Bay berries of Myrre and of the shauings of Iuory of each like quantity beate them into very fine powder and then searce it This powder is praised to be a soueraigne preseruatiue or medicine against all inward diseases and therefore I would wish euery Farrier and all such as are the maisters of good horses neuer to be without it CHAP. 98. A most famous Receipt which is both a singular Drench and a singular Oyntment TAke of Euforbium halfe an ounce of Castoreum one ounce of Adarces halfe a quarter of a pound of Bdelium halfe an ounce and halfe a quarter of pepper a quarter of a pound Foxe-greace halfe an ounce Opoponax one ounce Lacerpitium three quarters of an ounce Amoniacum halfe a quarter of a pound pidgions dung as much Galbanum halfe an ounce Nitrum one ounce one quarter Spuma nitri three quarters of an ounce Ladanum a quarter of a pound Perethrum bay berries of each three quarters of an ounce Cardanun two ounces seede of rew halfe a quarter of a pound seede of Agnus Castus one ounce parsley halfe an ounce dryed rootes of Trees or flower-deluce one ounce one quarter hyssop Carpobalsamum a quarter of a pound oyle of flower-deluce a quarter of a pound and halfe a quarter oyle de bay as much oyle of Spikenard three quarters of a pound Oleum Cyprinum three quarters of a pound and halfe a quarter
also it is very good for the abating of the wind-gall for making the medicine to work the better to let the horse stand in a cold running streame an howre morning and euening The scum of the foure salts sod in mans vrine and layd to the wind-gall will take it away There bee others which take a pottle of vinegar a pound of orpiment a quarter of a pound of gâ—lâ—es and as much of the hearbe molleyne stampt small mingle these well together and put them into a pot then euery day therewith bathe the wind-gal and in three weekes it will dry them cleane vp it will also take away a curbe or a spauen or a ring-bone if you take them at the first breeding Other Farriers take of Ciuill oyle and brimstone of each like quantity and seeth them in mans vrine and stirre them well together after put in the quantity of a wall-nut of sope to keepe the haire from scalding off then bathe the wind-gall with this hot thrice together rubbing it well inâ— then annoynt it aboue with nerue-oyle oyle de-bay and make it by holding to it a hot barre of Iron or a hot-fire pan to sinke into the flesh and in three dayes it will dry vp any wind-gall Now for mine owne part the best medicine I haue found in my practise for this sorrance and the easiest is with a fine lancet to open the wind-gall making the hole no bigger then that the ielly may come forth then hauing thrust it cleane forth lap a wollen wet cloath vpon it and with a taylors hot pressing Iron rubbe vpon the cloath till you haue made the cloath sucke in all the moysture from the wind-gall and that the wind-gall is dry then take of pitch of rosen and of masticke of each like quantity and being very hot daube it all ouer the wind-gall then clappe good store of floxe of the colour of the horse vpon it and so let the horse rest or runne at grasse till the plaister fall off by it owne accord and be sure the wind-gall will be gone Now I am to giue you this for a rule that by no meanes you vse to a wind-gall either arsnike or resagall for commonly then the wind-gall will come againe neither must you burne much nor make any great incision for any of these will turne the soft substance of the wind-gall to hardnesse and then the horse will be lame without cure CHAP. 81. Of a Straine in the Pastorne ioynt or Fet locke A Horse may be strained in the fetlocke or pastorne ioynt either by some wrinch in the stable when the plaunchers are broken vnder him or by treading awry vpon some stone or vpon some cart-rout as he trauelleth by the way The signes whereof be these the ioynt will be swolne and soare and the horse will halt and the cure according to the old Farriers is take a quart of stale vrine and seeth it till the foame arise then straine it and put thereto a handfull of tansey and an handfull of mallowes and a saucerfull of hony and a quarter of a pound of sheepes suet then set it on the fire and seeth them all together till the hearbes be sodden soft and then being very hot lay this pultus to the ioynt and couer it ouer with a blew cloath and in 3. tmes dressing it will helpe the straine Other Farriers take of Dialthea halfe a pound and as much of nerue-oyle mingle them together and annoynt the soare place ther with chafing it wel with both your hands that the oyntment may enter in continuing so to do euery day once vntill the ointment be all spent and let the horse rest but if this will not preuaile then they will vse Cantharides as in case of the splent but I do not hold that cure conuenient because it will make a double griefe Therefore I had rather you should take pompillion nerue-oyle and blacke sope of each a like and heate them hot on the fire and then annoynt the soare place therewith and it will make the horse sound CHAP. 82. To remedy any manner of halting that commeth by straine stroke or any other accident NOw forasmuch as halting is such a generall sorrance amongst horses that not any man that is maister of a horse but euen in his smallest trauell is at one time or other vexed with the same I will heere before I do proceed any further set you downe certaine generall receipts selected and culd out of the priuate practise experiments of the best Farriers in Christendome of which I may giue the bolder testimony because I haue made practise of their vertues If then your horse haue taken any halt either by stiffenesse of sinewes straine wrinch stroke or any other accident if the griefe bee in his legge you shall take smallage oxe eye and sheepes suet of each like quantity chop them all together and boyle it in mans vrine and bathe all the legge therewith then with hay-ropes wet in cold water rolle vp his legge and he will be able to trauell the next day or if you seeth a pound of blacke sope in a quart of strong ale till it looke like tarre and anoynt the legge therewith and it will supple his sinewes bring them to their true course If you wash his limbs in the grounds of beere or ale made warme and then rope them vp in hay-ropes wet in the same it will recouer a straine If you take of the flowre of linseed of turpentine and of life hony of each a like and boyle them with white wine vntill they be thicke like vnto an oyntment then spread it on a cloath and lay it to the griefe and it will take away any atche or paine in the sinews likewise a plaister of wine lees and wheate flowre or a plaister of blacke sope and boares grease will doe the like If you mixe nerue-oyle oyle de bay and aqua-vitae together and warme it and chafe it in and vpon and about any straine it will take the anguish quite away If the griefe be in the shoulder or the hinder legge then burne him vpon the very ioynt by taking vp the skinne with a paire of pinsons and thrust the skinne through with a hot iron ouerthwart and if this cure him not then his paine is betwixt the thinne skinne and the bone which must then be rowelled If the griefe be in the shoulder or in the hippe or else where then let him bloud and sauing the bloud mixe therewith the powder of frankinsence and annoynt the horse with the same If the griefe be only in the sinews then take the plaister cald Sologliatium made of gum-dragant new waxe pitch and turpentine mixt together or else take the yelkes of two egges an ounce of frankinsence and a little branne and beate them well together and lay it to the paine If the griefe do proceed from a hot cause then let the horse bloud with that bloud mixe vinegar oyle anoynt him