places thereof of which he hath or is likely to have most daily or common use But after that he is a perfect Scribe and can do ordinary businesses I advise him if he desire to be a skilful Clerk with his Masters leave to get divers Books of Paper ruled on the sides with red Ink not needful at top or bottom of some six quires a piece of the best larger sort of Paper he may get bearing Ink well a Ream whereof is usually sold for about fix shillings for the writing of Presidents Let the Books be bound in good Vellam or in Leather not hardly or stiffly but easily to ly open and string'd with strong coloured Tape or Cotton-Ribbon or clasped And let one whole Book at least be for Actions on the Case distinguished in several parts thereof as into Actions on the Case of Promises Nusance Disturbance Slander c. of which my Table of Presidents may be of good use to him for direction Another Book of Actions of Debt Another of Trespass Another of Replevin c. in like manner distinguished into several Titles according to the several nature of the Presidents And the like Books for real and mixt Actions Prohibitions and the like By which Books he may readily find such Presidents as he hath written without the help of a Table and may avoid the writing of one President twice which I have found often done by the same hand in manuscript-Manuscript-Books of Presidents which I have bought being written confusedly and out of Order As the Clerk must not refuse to write some Presidents for his Master so the Master ought in Reason to allow his Clerk at times of leisure to read the Law and write Presidents for himself which may inable him for his profession when he shall have served his time of Clerkship In writing of Presidents I advise a Clerk to write the full matter as well of Form as of Substance at length with the Term and number-Roll if he may and to write the Christian-Names and Sirnames of persons and the names of Towns at first and when the same come again to be written to write only a letter for a word as J. D. for Johannes Doe but if there be other names of the same Letters then write again the same at length that when a President is writteÌ„ it may be plainly read written forth fully again as it was taken if there be occasion In Presidents let all sums be written in the larger figures as X pound IX shillings VI pence the years of our Lord or the Kings Reign in the like Figures the days till past five at length as Primo secundo unus duo c. but after five in the like numeral figures as vi o die vi dies c. Before the beginning of Pleas let a little space be left as in Printing whereby readily to see the beginning of the ensuing Plea and at the end of each side write the succeeding word as is usual in Printing Let the dusting or sanding of Presidents in Books be avoided rather using fine brown Paper to prevent blotting if time of the Inks drying cannot be allowed for Sand takes away the good colour of the Ink and getting into the Backs of Books makes them break their Binding Let words be written Clerk-like at length as clausum fregit Armis and not un-Clerk-like abbreviated words as clm fr. ar c. though it be in Draughts for private use much less in Records And as good Paper so the best Ink is to be used and choice of Pen-knives to be had for several occasions Directions for a Clerks Proceedings WHen my propounded-Clerk hath served his agreed time with his Master and hath a resolution of following Clerkship chiefly in the future course of his Life I advise him to procure himself to be admitted of an Inn of Chancery and get him a convenient whole Chamber if he may and if he cannot at first get one let him aim to get one as soon as he can and in the mean time get a part of a Chamber as good as he may For he being to make it at least for a while his constant dwelling and abode it is fit for him to have what convenient Room he may whereas a moiety of a Chamber may well serve a Country-Attorny who stays but a short time in London at the Terms and hath but small store of necessaries useful for his stay there I advise a Clerk especially to get himself a large Study which I would have him to furnish with Shelves and Boxes fitting for his use and two Desks at one whereof he may sit to write and at the other stand and read or write if he please Variety of Motion pleaseth and easeth the Body and Mind and Standing is accounted more healthful for a Student the rule being studeto stans And I conceive that sitting doth more breed Diseases especially the Stone And 't is advised by Physicians in way of Health that a Man walk an hour in a day if he have time And to forbear drinking at least much in a Morning I conceive to be healthful for most Students I advise him to procure himself to be sworn an Attorny of the Court at first to entertain all lawful and fitting businesses for his imployment as an Attorny or Clerk and to deal as an Attorny for proper Clients and Attornies of the Kings-Bench and rather then want imployment to take some Journy-work the worser sort of imployment he may leave off when he pleaseth but at no hand to deal as Attorny at the Reteyner of any common Solicitor who is looked at by the Law with an ill Eye he cannot lawfully give you warrant to appear plead or Act any thing which an Attorny of the Kings-Bench may do Use no Attornies Name in practice nor suffer any one to use yours And I wish you to aym at a Philizers Office if you may get one it may be a good means for the better imployment of your self and Clerks in the way of Clerkship and gain you Entries and other business from Country-Attornies And although the Collection of Presidents be chiefly to be aimed at by a Clerk which will give him a great insight into the Law and furnish him with forms of deriving of Estates pleaded and other â—â—ings yet I advise him for his better understanding and progress to addict himself to the study of â—he Law Wherein I cannot without much laâ—our direct him in such a method as my self do best like I think few Lawyers agree in the course of their Studies Some use no Books of Common-Places but trust altogether to their memories being continually studying on their Books But a Clerk being at several times and for the greatest part of his time imployed in the affairs of his Clerkship and Practice ought not to trust so to his memory-Reading makes a full Man Conference a ready Man Writing an exact Man I advise a Clerk therefore to take Notes of his Reading of the
Law under fit Heads and Titles And to that end provide himself of several large Common-Place Books ruled with Red Ink in the middle of each side only for I would not have him straiten himself in room for his Notes And although the chief aim of his endeavours should be to make himself able in the course of his profession by way of Pleadings yet I would have him not neglect the noting of matters of Title Property or any thing else which he may suppose to be sometimes useful to him in the way of his Studies He may go in an Alphabetical way if he please for the Heads of his Common-Place-Books for his direction wherein he may peruse and take Titles out of the Abridgments of Fitzherbert Brook Hughes or others in which upon perusal he will find the Titles differing in Names of which I must leave him to take the fittest in his own Judgment But I rather approve and commend one Book for Actions at Common-Law with fitting subdivisions of which my Table of Presidents may give him a good light or one Book for personal Actions as Actions on the Case Account Debt Replevin Trespass c. Another for real Actions as Cosenage Entry Formedon c. in their several Heads or the one Head of Praecipe quod reddat naming the Action in the first part of his Notes taken thereupon with all Pleadings and Subdivisions of them And also of partition Quare impedit Waste and other Actions Another Book for Actions on Statutes Debt on Statutes Informations Indictments Quo warranto and other criminal businesses Another for Titles to Lands Properties of Goods as Feoffments Gifts Leases Assignments Devises Sales c. And other Books for the several parts of the Law as near as may be placing Heads of the same nature in one Book by themselves For the Order of his Reading of the Law I propound him to read the Terms of the Law Cowels Interpreter Finches Law Littleton Perkins Kitchin Natura briu new and old with the Register Doctor and Student Dyer Plowdon Cokes Institutes his Crokes and others Reports the Year-Books c. v. Rolls Preface Advice to a Clerk in his Course I Wish my propounded Clerk to have a moderate mind not so much addicted to his Study as to neglect his Health or reasonable Exercise tending thereunto Within doores he may have a Swing Leaden Weights and a low narrow joynt-Stool to be swinged about him between his Legs and over his Head which I conceive to be healthful Abroa dat a dancing School he may exercise dancing especially in the Winter time but for Musick I do not approve of it taking up much precious time Propound to go to Bed at nine of the Clock and rise early in the Morning In the Summer-Vacation after business dispatched I would advise him for his Health to go to some Medicinal Waters of which our late Age hath found many Londoners and others resort much to Epsham or Barnet-Waters most purging by Stool or Tunbridg-Water purging by Urin. Astropp Water in Northampton-shire fifty miles from London purgeth both by Stool and Urin well approved of by my self And in the Summer-Vacation he may also visit his Kindred or take some delightful Journey with a Friend I could wish that a Clerk would propound to himself to live unmarried in an Inne of Chancery especially where Commons are most kept and to continue in Commons while any are kept where he may have fit Diet Company and Accomodations not complain of Solitariness For his Dyet in the Vacations after Commons ended I commend unto him private Commons in the Hall with some others of the House if he may If not let him be content with some small inconveniences Let him pray for Charity and Chastity for although Mariage be honourable and sometimes comfortable yet it is to most more troublesome and hindering of Studies and to all more careful and chargeable than a single Life But if a Clerks Mind or Constitution of Body incline him to Marriage let him take his course therein but forbear if he may until he be setled in Practice and a fitting Estate lest he repent his haste And single or married let him make his residence in London or the Suburbs where Business is chiefly to be acted When a Clerk hath got a moderate Imployment I wish him to take a Clerk who may do much of his ordinary businesses and write him some Presidents while he addicts himself in his spare times to the perusing of President-Books Printed or Manuscript or the Study of the Law and if he find any aptness in himself to be a Councellor at Law let him transplant himself to an Inne of Court where untill he be called to the Bar he may exercise his Clerkship with his Study but if he hath no such desire to alter his Condition I advise him assoon as he hath any reasonable Ability to draw special Pleadings to addict his time chiefly thereto and to leave off all his Practice of an Attorny either for proper Clients or Attornies of the Kings-Bench but not to leave his Clerkship for Attornies of the Common-Pleas which I wish him to continue not so much for any benefit of himself as for the Imployment and Learning of his Clerks I have done with my thoughts of Advice for a Clerk of the Court of Common-Pleas in his Course I come now to Directions for young Clerks there in doing their businesses Directions to a Clerk IT is to be known that there is not a sufficient number of Latin-words to express English words there having been inventions of many things whereof not a few proper to this Nation since the Latine-Tongue flourished in Italy And every Art and Profession have many coyned words proper and peculiar thereunto And so Lawyers have necessarily framed to themselves words of Law-Latin for the more significant expression of things as murdrum for murder Maneriu a Manour Acra an Acre The defect of fitting words and sometimes false and insensible Latin vitiate and lose a good Cause I conceive it very fit and necessary and I wish that these words of Law-Latin and other old Latin words were reduced into Writing and expounded under Heads for the young Students and Clerks better learning use and understanding thereof Many of them are so frequent in Law-businesses that I have often taken them for true Latin words but searching have not found them in Dictionaries Most of such as have occurred unto me in my reading I shall hereafter set down as orderly as I may I advise that the words of Indentures and other Writings be rendered out of English into Latin in the same order as they are in the same not preponing or postponing any words for any intended Elegancy of Latin for although such displacing of words not altering the sence vitiate not the pleadings yet it hindreth the ready examination of the Latin with the English and obscureth the true knowledge of the Deeds In pleading Deeds the present tense
is usually to be changed into the Praeterperfect Tense and the Praeterperfect Tense into the Praeterpluperfect Tense as for example in Indentures Hath demised granted and to farm letten dimisisset concessisset ad firmam tradidisset Doth demise grant and to farm let dimisit concessit ad firmam tradidit Is fuit hath been fuisset Yet witnesseth is rendered Testatum sit or quae quidem Indentura testatur And the Future Tense is turned into the Preterimperfect Tense as shall repair repararent shall pay soluent In Indentures Covenants are most frequently by words of shall and will as shall and will repair which may be rendered by deberent vellent reparare or by repararent only without deberent vellent for it is the same in sence Shall or may enjoy valerent vel possent gaudere Shall or lawfully may valerent or deberent vel legitime possent It shall and may be lawful liceret licitum foret or liceret alone or licitum foret only being all of the same sence but I advise to use both liceret and licitum foret By these Presents or hereby if in Indentures are rendered by ê‘ eandem Indenturam or ê‘ pdcam Indenturam If in Articles ê‘ Articlos pdcos If in Bills ê‘ eandem billam if in Bonds or other Writings ê‘ scriptum pdcum From the date hereof a Dat Indenture pdce Hereunto annexed Indenture pdce annexat And if an Indenture be recited in an Indenture pleaded then for distinction afterwards is to be added pdca recitat Indentura to the recited Indenture Indentura pdca hic in cur ê™lat to the Indenture pleaded Usually and most properly idem in DeclaracoÌ„ns or Pleadings is attributed to Plaintiffs or Demandants declaring or pleading pdcus to Defendants or Tenants Places Towns or Lands pfat to persons named not being Actors Yet if the same persons Lands c. come very nearly again to be named or mentioned in pleadings usually and most properly idem is used Where the Latin words are obscure or of double significations it is fit to express them by an Anglice Wares or the like of divers kinds by a Vocat But to use Anglice Vocat both together I conceive not to be necessary or Clerk like although often used by some Clerks of the Kings-Bench The quality of Wares should be expressed with as much certainty as conveniently may be as for Woollen-Cloth tot virgat pannis lanei voc Kersey For Linnen-Cloth panni linei voc Holland For Hairy-Stuffs panni crinosi For Silken-Stuffs panni bissini But there being hundreds of Stuffs and other things proper to Trades Husbandry Houshold Mills Buildings c. and the same things being called by several names in several Countries the Pleader not knowing of what nature or kind they be is often inconvenienced in pleading them and of which it is fit that he inform himself what he may There are Books of Exposition of English words but the same as also Dictionaries come far short of rendring a full account of them Some of such as of later times have occurred to me in my imployment I shall hereafter herein express and cause some small spaces to be left for further addition on any occasion For want of fit Latin-words our Predecessors have used some somewhat gross Latin-words as tot virgat Velvetti or de Velvet for Velvet Curtina a Curtin And English words only with de le les or lez before them of which I will hereafter give you divers examples And sometimes our predecessors have used many improper Law Latin words whereas there were proper Latin-words more fitly I conceive to be used as Muttonu for Weathers 2. Co. 39. But I wish that significant Latin Words be used where they may be found In some small things sometimes is some small variation between the English and rendring it into Latin in sound not in substance as from time to time and at all times de tempore in tempus ad oÌ„ia tempora More or less or be it more or less sive plus sive minus At the most at the least Ad majus ad minus In any wise notwithstanding in aliquo non obstan Of more especial Grace de ampliori graÌ„ At his own proper costs ad ejus ê™pria custagia Or thereabouts aut eo circit Said is sometimes omitted and quidem used instead thereof in the beginning of a Sentence As qui quidem finis for which said Fine que quidem Indentura quodquidem recordum qui quidem locus Many times Synonyma's English words of the same signification do occur in Deeds whereof although I conceive some may sometimes be omitted without prejudice yet I advise to use other Latin words of the like significations as near as may be with an Anglice of which sort are Award arbitrement Arbitriu arbitramentum Elect choose Elige selige Dung compost Fimu stercus The rest and residue Remanere residuu Society company Societas coÌ„mitas Houshold and Family Domestici familia Of Freehold and Charter-hold libe tenure tenure ê‘ cartam Of Copyhold and customary hold Tenure native vel custumarie Wittingly or willingly Scient vel voluntarie Harmless losseless and indempnified Indempn inoÌ„cua indempnificat Going forth and issuing out of Land Egredien exeun o tris Goods Chattels and Cattles Bona catalla substancia Accounts Reckonings Compi racoÌ„cinia recensiones calculli Most of which to be used with an Anglice Our Ancestors did use some change or additions of letters in their Latin words as quoth for quod which we have now left off as also hostia ê™ ostia habundans ê™ abundans But we often use nichil for nihil set for sed Yet I conceive it not un-Clerk-like to write at all times nihil fed We constantly retain imppiu for in ppetuu dampnu for damnu adding a p as in all words proceeding from it as indempnis dampnificat solempnis for solennis solempnizacoÌ„ solempnit I will present you with some versions into Latin of words in Indentures and other writings with some observations thereupon Mannors Lordships Mania Dnia Mesuages Cotages Mesuagia Cotagia frequently in the Kings-beuch Messuagia Cottagia Tofts Crofts Tofta Crofta Gardens Orchards Gardina Pomaria Waters Watercourses Aque aquarum cursus Emoluments Hereditaments Emolumenta Hereditamenta Commodities advantages coÌ„moditates advantagia Interruption Molestation Incombrance InterrupcoÌ„ molestacoÌ„ incombrancia With their and every of their appurtenances Cum eorum cujuslibt eorum ê‘tin Ingresse egresse and regresse Ingrus egrus regressus Botes or Boots as  House-bote Edificandi Co. Litt. 41. B. Fire-bote Ardendi Co. Litt. 41. B. Plough bote Arandi Co. Litt. 41. B. Hay-bote Estouiu Co. Litt. 41. B. Hedge bote Claudendi Stake-bote Surorum Stile-bote Climacum Gate-bote Januarum With an Anglice Except before excepted Except pexcept Except and always reserved all Trees c. Except semp reseivat oibs arboribs c.  With all the sequel in the ablative-Case To have to hold
130. 2 Inst 100. Umpirator an Vmpire Unciata an ounce Weight 1 Mon. 708. Ura plumbea Lead Oar. Usagium an Vsage 1 Mon. 502.978 2 Mon. 1016. Usuagiu 1 Mon. 504.981 Utlagare utlagaria to utlaw an utlary UtlagacoÌ„ Plâ—ta Cor. 18. Lex 131. Utterare to utter Waga a Weigh Spel. 226. Lex 134. Waiviaria a Wayver Femina waiviata a Woman wained Reg. 132 133.277 Waiviu a Waife 2 Inst 163. Brac. 8. bona waiviata goods waived waife Stray 1 Co. 29. Wallia Wales Wallensica Davis 35. Wallia a Wall Reg. 92.108.127.5 Co. 100. Ry. 548. Wallatur fossato Fle. 313. Wapentagiu a wapentage 2 Inst 99. Wapentakiu Cow 277. Warantizare warantia to warant a waranty 2 Inst 137. Ry. 92. Co. Lit. 383. Lex 131. Warda in Civitate a ward Warda de guerra Pry. 139. Warda Castri Castlegard Warrantum a Warrant Warectum Fallow Co. Lit. 5. Lex 133. tra jacens frisca ad warectum tempus warectandi time of fallowing Fle. 162. Warenna a Warren Reg. 109.93.96.110 Warennarius a Warrenuer Plita Cor. 140. Stat de malefact in parcis Warennat Ry. 129. Wepon voca a Bill Ra. Entr. 384. Wharfa a Wharf 1 Co. 19. Co. Entr. 536. Lex 134. Wilda Sussex the Wild of Sussex Hob. 266. Walda Woodwardus a Woodward Wreccum Wreck Cow 285. 5 Co. 106. 2 Inst 167. Bona wreccata 5 Co. 106. Yarda a Yard Co. Entr. 377. Formality of Writing I Advise young Clerks to observe the formality of Writing Latin-words not to write that short which should be written at length nor that at length which should be written short As quam quod for which or what are no be written at length Quod for that to be written short qd quam for as or then to be written short with a dash over qm so likewise dashes in the middle or ends of words to be abbreviated wherein are any b h or l are strook through those letters as Robtus here If words have but five Minums at the end write them at length as cum dum clausum modum nondum though this is not observed in the Kings bench If above five turn up the last as unu mediu mâ—suagiu Coragiu So where words have above five Minums in the middle use a dash over instead of an m as in immunis write it iÌ„munis coÌ„modum Vse a round v in the beginning of words and alâ—â— before vowels in words either in secretary or Court-hand for the readier distinguishing it from an n as ê‘formavit ê‘implevit â—bavit uâ—uavit not ê‘formauit ê‘impleuit ubauit Uuluerauit Where words are in both the singular and plural umber write the same at length as Justice and Justices Justiciarius Justiciarii-Assignee Assignâ—s Assignâ—tus Assignati Write Existens and the like in the nominative case at length and not existen tenen for tenens In pleading of ê™ces of the Common Pleas in the same Court we use hic if in another Court or of another Court ibm Where is isto eodem tmino we plead it illo codem tmino In pleading of writs we add immediately after the â—etorn tunc ê™x sequen as a die Pasche in unu mensem tunc ê™x sequen though ê™x sequen be not in the Writ It is fit for a Clerk to take notice of difficult things â—o be rendered in fit and significant Latin as firmu faâ—ere to make good â—iduciam suâ—m dare to give his word 1 Fo. 34. â—irige bria to award Writs Bri. 17. â—re sub testimonio Capitlis Iustic Reg indic 32. On the part and behalf ex parte vice Will and pleasure voluntas bene plitm Going forth and issuing Emanan egredien exeun ê™ceden â—t is to be noted that we use many words promiscuously active and passive As Habend to have and to be had â—aciend for fiend as foret faciend restat faciend Conficiend to be made â—â—end to use and to be used â—â—equend fore ê™secut â—enend to hold to be held â—xequend for fore execut â—formand ê‘implend to be perfermed and fulfilled â—olvend for fore solut I advise a Clerk to write in all his business words Clerk like and not unfittingly abbreviated as for example A. A. Ar. ar for Armig. armis Aliqm Aliquam Als. ald Alias alias dcuÌ„s B. B. Bar. Baronettus C. C. Clm. Clausum CroÌ„ crm Crastino crastinu Cons. ConsideracoÌ„ consuetudo Cont. CoutinuacoÌ„ continuando D. D. D. def Defendens E. E. Exec. Executor ExecucoÌ„ Edrus Edwardus Edus Edmundus F. F. Fr. Fregit G. G. Gen. for Genosus M. M. mt mtini Martis martini P. P. ê‘vus Parvus ê‘tem Partem ê‘cellam Parcellam ê‘ochia Parochia Q. Q. qd qm Anglice which Quod. quam quer Querens queritur R. R. Rs. Regis T. T. Tene teni Tenere teneri Testm Testamentum V. V. Vizâ— Videlt Vid. Vidua Volunt Vâ—lâ—ntas There are no Dipthongs used in Law-Pleadings and therefore I use none in this Book And it is to be known that Printers have for many years past left off in printing letters unnecessary for the sounds of words as e in term terms The word Latine is often written and printed Latin without an e as in the Title and Preface to the last edition of Goldmans Dictionary Of the variety of Latin words IT much concerneth a Clerk to use apt significant and certain Latin words in all Pleadings and particularly and especially in actions of Trover and Trespass There are four sort of Latin words 1. Good Latin allowed by Grammarians 2. Words significant and known by the sages of the Law 3. False or ill Latin or no Latin words and yet having the countenance of Latin 4. Words insensible and of no signification and which have no countenance of Latin Of which see 10 Co. 133 Osbornes Case Where are not elegant and proper Latin words to express things we must use barbarous words if they be known And where are no such we may coin Latin words adding an Anglice Sti. 313. 328. Where a Latin word signifies many things there an Anglice is properly to be added otherwise not Sti. 313. Where an Anglice ascertains things Sti. 80.136.327 Vocat is as much as to say Anglice 2 Cro. 129. Where are proper Latin words to deseribe a thing improper Latin words with an Anglice are not to be used as Instrumentum ferri Anglice an Horselock Instrumentum ferri Anglice a Gridiron Sile Morter Exandirons c. Sti. 194.313 It is sufficient to describe things by words that a Jury may know what is meant by them if there be no proper words to express them Sti. 136. De quinque peciis stanni Anglice Pewter dishes Stanni is good of it self and the Anglice is void Sti. 102. De sex parcellis plumbi cinerii Anglice Pewter dishes Sti. 199. If a word in a Declaration of Trover signifies nothing then the Jury is supposed to have given no damages for it Sti. 194. Unu lenat Anglice a Mat being no word uru adustum ferreum 2 adjectives signify
Antilena A Crupper Postilena Candalia To Spur. Extimulare cum calcaribus A Bridle Frenu The Rein of a Bridle Frontale A Bitt Orea A Barnacle Fiscina A Collar Helciu collare A Curricomb Strigil A Male. Bulga A Cloak-bag Vidulum A Wallet Bisaccum mantica A thwart pole in a Stable Longurius Salters A Salter Salinarius salarius Salt a grain of Salt Sal mica salis To Salt Salted Salire Salsus A Salting Salt Salsura salitura salsus A salt pit Salt water Salina aqua salsa Saltness saltish Salsilago salfuginosus Salt making Salsaria Belonging to salt any thing that is salt Salinarius salsamentum A Saltseller a salting Tub. Salinu vas salfamentariu Bay-salt Salt Peter Sal niger sal Petre. A Garner or room to keep salt in Salis repositoriu Seamsters Laundresses A Seamster Sutrix A Seamsters shop Sutrina A Seam a sewing Sutura Sewed Consutus Seamed or having Seams Consutus sutilis Without seam Inconsutilis Seam rent ripped Dissutus resutus To sew Suere consuere A Needle a Pin. Acus acicula A Needles eye Foramen acus A Thimble Digitabulum Thred Filum v. Taylors A Laundress Lotrix To wash to wash clean Lavare diluere A Washing Lotio lotura A washing Beetle Pala lotoria Sope Starch Sapo turbasis amylum Lye Lixiviu To Starch Starched Amylo contendere amylo contentus A Wash-house a washing place Lavatrina aquariu Sopeboilers A Sopeboiler Saponarius Sope. Sapo Sope balls Pile mattiace smegmata Of or belonging to sope Smegmaticus To sope washed with sope Smegmate obluere Smegmate oblitus Stationers A Stationer a Bookseller Bibliopola librarius A Library a Library keeper Bibliotheca Bibliothecarius A Bookbinder Bibliopegus A Book a little b.ok. Liber libellus A Tome Tomus Short Writing Tachigraphia stenographia Characters Letters set for words Sigle characteres To out the Margent of Books Demarginare A Clasp Clausura A Parchment maker Membranarius Parchment ê‘gamenu membrana Parchment making or a place of sale thereof Membranaria Of or belonging to Parchment Membraneus Paper Charta papyrus Fine Paper Paper not written on Charta augusta Charta pura Cap paper or brown paper Charta emporetica Sinking paper not bearing Ink. Charta bibula charta ê‘fluens Wast paper Schediasma A Paper maker or seller Chartopeus papyropola A Sheet of paper a leaf of paper Scheda schedula foliu A Ream or quire of paper Scapus Made of paper belonging to paper Chartaceus chartarius Rags to make paper Lintea vetusta Ink. Atramentum Galls of Oak Galla quernea Allom. Alumen Gum. GuÌ„mus A Penn. Penna A Cleft incisura A Pencase Calamariu Taylors A Taylor Sutor vestiarius sartor Botcher Interpolator To sew to rip to sew up again Suere dissuere resuere Sewed sewed unto or together Sutus assutus That may be sewed Sutilis A Seam Sutura sarcimen Thread thread by thread Filum filatim A gard or hem a Skirt Limbus fimbria Borders of Garments Extremitates vestiu Lace Instita lacinia Ribon Lemniscus Pieces Scissure Stiffning Firmatura Canvas Canabum A Pocket Saccellum A Busk pectorigiu Sheeres Forfices A Needle Acus A Thimble digitale A Bodkin Punctoriu pugiunculus To pierce with a Bodkin a hole made with a Bodkin Pungere punctura A Pressing-Iron Ferramentum pressoriu Tinners v. Pewterers A Tinner Stannarius Tin of or belonging to Tin Stannu Stanneus Tin-work Opus Stannariu To Tin or cover with Tin Stannare stanno obducere A Tinder-box Tinder Ignariu fomes Matches a Steel Sulphurata chalybs A Flint Silex Trunkmakers A Trunkmaker Riscarius a Trunk Riscus A little Trunk Arcula A Close-stool Sella familiaris A Male. Bulga Turners A Turner Tornator tornio A turn Tornus Turned works Oê‘a tornatilia toreumata That is made by turning Tornatilis Vintners A Vintner Vinarius tabernarius A Tavern Taberna vinaria A Wine-Cellar Cella vinaria Perteyning to wine Vinaceus vinarius Claret-wine Vinu rubellum White-wine Vinum album Red-wine Vinu rubrum Spanish wine Sack Vinu Mispanicum French-wine Vinu Gallicum Rhenish-wine Vinu Rhenense New Wine Mulsum To allay wine wine allayed Vinu diluere Vinu dilutum Vineger Acetum Upholsters AN Vpholster Tapitiarius plumarius An Vpholsters Trade Plumariu A Bedsted Fulcrum sponda A Truckle-bed Parabustum A Couch a Pallet Grabatus statoriu A Canopy a Tester Oê‘toriu lecti A Bed a little Bed Lectus lectulus Vallence of a Bed Ornamenta ê™ lecto A Feather-Bed Lectus pulvinarius culcitra plumea A Mattress or Flockbed Culcitra lanea culcitra tomenticea A Matt. Storea A Bolster Cervicale A Pillow Pulvinar Pulvinariu pulvinariu de down Ra. Entr. 53. A Coverlid Stragulum A Pair of Blanckets Par lodicum lanearum tegule A Rug. Oê‘imentum A Quilt quilted Tegimentum culcitra culcitratus Cradle-Clothes Stragula cunalia A Curtain-Rod Virga ferrea A Curtain Velum velariu curtinus Co. Entr. 162. Hangings ê‘istromata camerarum plage A Cushion Pulvinus A Chair Cathedra Seats backs for Chairs Sedes cathedrarie terga cathedraria A Carpet Tapes A Bed furnished Lectus apparat Weavers A Weaver Textor A Silk-weaver Sericarius A Linnen-weaver Linteo A Spinner of Wool Lanifica To Weave a Weaving Texere textura The Weavers Craft a weaving house or shop Textrina A Web woven Tela textus A Weavers Loom Machina textoria A Weavers Beam Iugum The Warp Stamen The Woof Subtegmen The Sley Pecten The Shuttle Liciatoriu The Tramme Trama The Tredle insile Shuttle threds Licia A bottom of yarn Glomus Stuff fit for Weaving Linutum Woodmongers A Woodmonger Lignator Wood of wood Lignu ligneu Hewing of Wood. Lignisecatio A Wood-house Lignile A Wood-pile Strues lignorum A fagot Fascis A Billet Tala A Little Billet Taleola Blocks Trunci FINIS ERRATA PAge 6. line 19. for ere read or P. 13. l. 17. r. panni P. 19. l. 7. r. coÌ„itas l. 20. r. calculi l. 28. r. imê‘pm P. 20. l. 19. Estouiu to be placed before edificando P. 22. l. 18. r. oÌ„es P. 25. l. 3. r. sacrm P. 28. l. 27. r. Coparcinia P. 31. l. 8. r. Plumbi l. 11. r. Forisfcura l. 16. r. Fensure l. ult r. Gutta p. 32. l. 16. r. Hundrm p. 33. l. 7. Incrochiamentum l. 26. f. In tacks c. r. Jutacks aialia Introcapta p. 36. l. 9. r. ê‘lras p. 37. two last lines dele N. and for RedepmcoÌ„ r. RedempcoÌ„ P. 39. l. 2. r. SeiÌ„a P. 44. l. 8. r. Vervices P. 49. l. 2. f. Coco r. Cow l. ult f. Lat. 373. r. Lit. 372. P. 52. l. 5. f. Coco r. Cow P. 55. l. 13. r. Cuniculariu P. 62. l. 4. r. Herciare P. 66. l. 24. r. Miner P. 69. l. 25. f. 160. r. 1 Co. P. 73. l. 25. f. Famelrum r. Stamellorum P. 74. l. 8. f. cu r. ca. P. 83. l. 19. r bene plituÌ„ P. 95. l. 5. r. Cedua p. 105. l. 25. r. Barel P. 106. l. 25. r. Hamorum P. 115. l. 27. r. Stephi l. 29. r. portam P. 128. l. 16. r. Baccalaurius P. 132. l. 16. r. Officiu P. 133. l. 18. r. Orlando P. 134. l. 12. add in l. 16. r. Hundim P. 135. l. 20. r. coiÌ„e P. 137. l. 2. r. Lilo l. 7. r. AbiudicacoÌ„ P. 138. l. 11. r. Incipitur l. 12. r. replic P. 139. l. 3. r. cul P. 140. l. 2. f. Scire r. Venire l. 6. r. disseiÌ„re P. 141. l. 5. r. molendini l. 15. r. ê™viÌ„s l. 20. r. disseiÌ„s l. 23. after fcoÌ„rum r. et l. 24. r. pturband P. 144. l. 4. r. eum l. 14. r. quartodecimo P. 149. l. 8. r. mcie P. 151. l. 1. r. 1 Fo. l. 2. r. gaugeto P. 169. l. 23. r. Despumatorium P. 174. l. 23. r. Mallcus
fitly entered as they ought to be which if checkt it would inevitably follow that most of these ignorant Attornies would begin and prosecute most of their Causes for Clients Plaintiffs in the Court of Kings-Bench the Clerks and Attornies whereof have greatly increased in number of later times and deal in Causes there for Attornies of the Common-Pleas without any Attornies Fees and have an easier course of doing business there with more benefit to themselves as I conceive than the Attornies and Clerks of the Common Pleas have Attornies ought and anciently did attend the Courts at Westminster the whole Term or most part thereof whereby most businesses were finished in the Term-time in due order But Attornies increasing and their respective businesses decreasing Sollicitors acting in businesses staying in the Countries and gaining Clients of Attornies from them and many Attornies of the Court of Common-Pleas imploying in many Causes for their Clients Plaintiffs Clerks of the Court of Kings-Bench most Country-Attornies of later times have forborn to come to London till towards the end of Terms whereby their businesses have come all on a huddle and have been disorderly done in and after the end of Terms the Judges Councellors Officers and Clerks till towards the end of Terms wanting imployment and then becoming excessively full of it and most businesses forced to be done after the end of Terms many times to the Clients great disadvantage and other Mens especially Clerks inconvenience For remedy whereof divers Orders have been made and renewed in the Courts of Kings-Bench and Common-Pleas enjoyning Attornies to come to London by the third Return of Michaelmas-Term and the second Return of every other Term and to stay til the Terms be ended All which Orders have proved ineffectual neither do I conceive that this mischief will be remedied without a severe Act of Parliament For my own part I conceive that it would be fit that no common Sollicitor be permitted but inquired out in each Country And that no Attornies Name be used by others And that Attornies should be enjoyned to attend the Courts by a certain time in each Term whereby their businesses may be set on doing and motions made in the Court when requisite in due time but not to be enjoyned to stay in London to the end of a Term many of them having not businesses to imploy themselves in London half so long time and indeed the profit of Attornies by Causes at the Common-Law at Westminster being not to most of them considerable their chief gains being by Conveiances keeping of Courts Causes in inferior Courts and Solliciting in other Courts Clerkship in the Court of Common-Pleas being much decayed Clerks bred in London for their better subsistence Clerkship of it self not affording them a fitting maintenance for themselves and Families there have been of late times forced to deal as Attornies for Attornies of the Kings-Bench in the Causes which they have in the Court of Common-Pleas and to be Attornies for proper Clients in London and elsewhere and many of them to become Country-Attornies The Pleadings or the Law being of good proper and significant Latin I would have a Clerk to be a good Latin-Scholar and a little Greek may do him good able to render the English of Indentures and other Writings into true and significant Latin Of an able and healthy Body to endure Cold and fitting at his Writing And his Estate in present or future hope not to be so large as to lessen his Industry That he be placed a Clerk with a Prothonotaries Clerk a Philizer or able Attornie Not to be taken to be a Clerk for less than five years Six years time may be better for the Master and himself if he diligently follow his business Skill in Clerkship being not attained without much labour many Presidents and diligent Observance The Pleadings of the Law being to be written in Court-hand I advise a young Clerk to get a good Copy of which some are in Print and to get if he may and imitate some old needless Writs or other Writings of a good Hand And if his Secretary-Hand be not good let him go to some good Master to teach him a good Sett and Running-Secretary-Hand And I would farther have him learn and continually practise short-Writing for the learning whereof he may buy a Book and not go to any School the swift writing of it is not got without a continued Practice the use of it may be necessary if not profitable divers ways in the course of his Profession as it hath been to my self in particular And it is necessary for him to understand the Law-French which with a little Observance in a small time may be gained For the effecting whereof let him read the Terms of the Law and Littleton in French and English When he hath Written an hour or less let him Read and after a while Reading fall again to his Writing and stand at his Reading and sit at his Writing for the most part Let his Writing especially the Court-hand be with the full of the Pen indeavouring to make a full short and round Letter without long Heads Tails or Dashes and not a tall slender Letter with the side of the Pen and sit as upright at his Writing with his Elbowes near to his sides and Writing as straight before him as he may I advise him at least before he comes to a quick and perfect hand to Write all things fairly and as well as he can unless necessity of Expedition require his speed Non sufficit bene aliquid agere nisi etiam fiat venuste Especially let Rolls be entered in a full Set-hand A small neat hand is most commendable for Writs which should stand on as little ground as may well be And I advise a Clerk constantly to read over the Writs which he makes and examine other Writings when he hath done them And in Parchment Writings not presently upon the writing to amend any faults which he makes while the Ink is moist which would make blurs but to make a little prick with his Pen in the Margent and proceed and when he hath done ere the Ink be dry amend his faults and scrape out the pricks Let all his amendments and interlinings be done with as great exactness neatness and care as may be And if any thing be written doubtfully or not very legible let him blot or scrape it out and new write the same Let all Towns and Sirnames be written at length and without Abbreviations as Milverton not Miluton Culpeper not Culpeê‘ likewise let the forms of words in original Writs be observed not writing ê‘ instead of par ê‘ochia for parochia ê‘tes for partes or the like Writing of Presidents FOr writing of Presidents I advise a young Clerk to get him at first a Book of two or three quires of Paper in Quarto for Common-Presidents of Declarations Pleas Judgments Writs return of Writs Warrants of Attorny and the like severally and in several