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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	name_n	place_n	write_v	2,225	5	5.3557	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33311	A geographicall description of all the countries in the known vvorld as also of the greatest and famousest cities and fabricks which have been, or are now remaining : together with the greatest rivers, the strangest fountains, the various minerals, stones, trees ... which are to be found in every country : unto which is added, a description of the rarest beasts, fowls ... which are least known amongst us / collected out of the most approved authors ... by Sa. Clarke ...	Clarke, Samuel, 1599-1682.; Gaywood, Richard, fl. 1650-1680.	1657 (1657)	Wing C4516; ESTC R36024	224,473	240

Aristotles birth-place 2. Apollonia 3. Pallene 4. Neapolis on the borders of Thrace 5. Antigonia and 6. Thessalonica now Salonichi seated on the Sea to the Church whereof St. Paul wrote two of his Epistles Thrace described Thrace hath on the East Pontus Euxinus Propontis and Hellespont on the VVest Macedonia on the North the Hill Haemus and on the South the Aegean Sea The Inhabitants are bold and valiant The earth ripens Corn slowly because of the cold The Vines yeeld more shade than juice and the Trees more leaves than fruit The chief Towns are 1. Sestos on the Hellespont over against Abidos in Asia famous for the love of Hero and Leander 2. Abdera the birth-place of Democritus who spent his life in laughing at others 3. Potidaea 4. Cardia seated on the Thracian Chersonese over against Troas on Asia side It s now called St. Georges Arme. 5. Lysimachia on the Sea shore 6. Callipolis on the Northern Promontory of the Chersonese which was the first Town that ever the Turks took in Europe which was Anno Christi 1358. 7. Trianopolis 8. Adrianople The first seat of the Grand Signiors in Europe 9. Pera formerly Galata and 10. Constantinople formerly Bizantium The City of Constantinople described Constantinople was built by Constantine the Great It stands on a cape of land near the entrance of the Bosphorus It s in form triangular On the East side washed with the Sea on the North with the Haven and the West side joynes to the Continent It s walled with brick and stone intermixed orderly having twenty four Gates and Posterns It s about thirteen miles in Circumference The world hardly affords a more delicate object if beheld from the Sea or adjoyning Mountains The lofty and beautiful Cypresse-trees are so intermixed with the buildings that it seems to present a City in a wood to the pleased beholders It s built on seven hills whose aspiring heads are crowned with magnificent Mosques or Churches all of white Marble round in form and coupled above being finished on the top with guilded spires that reflect the Sun-beams with a marvellous splendor some having two some four and some six adjoyning Turrets exceeding high and slender Tarrast aloft on the outside like the main top of a ship in several places equally distant whence their Priests with elated voices for they use no bells call the people together to their Mahometan service When Constantine first built this City hee enclosed it with a wall that for length fairness and thickness was one of the famousest in the world every stone being cemented together with brass couplets that the whole wall seemed to bee but one stone Hee erected also many high Towers built many sumptuous Temples and adorned it with infinit more magnificent buildings both publick and private commanding also by publick Edict all Princes of the Empire that each of them should build a Palace or some other sumptuous and splendid Monument there Hee also brought from Rome divers memorable Antiquities as the Palladium of Troy the high Pillar of Porsido which hee caused to bee erected in a fit place by which hee set Apollo's brazen Image of an unmeasurable bigness having his own name ingraven thereon Amongst other glorious buildings was the proud Palace of the publick Library wherein were one hundred and twenty thousand choice written Books in the midst whereof were the guts of a Dragon above one hundred and twenty foot long on which Homers Iliads were written in letters of gold In diverse other parts of the City were very rare things as the Nymphs Grove the Market-place of mettal the famous Images of Juno Minerva Venus c. with infinite other varieties so that strangers which saw it being full of admiration were astonished at the beauty of it judging it a dwelling meet for the Gods rather than an habitation for earthly Emperours But now Time with her Iron teeth and the many changes which have happened have quite altered the face of Constantinople So that now upon the Hill whereon the Imperial Palace once stood there are kept Elephants Panthers and other wild Beasts in the ruines of it On the second Hill whereon stood the Palace of the Patriarches in which were buried in chests of fine Marble most of the Christian Emperors a Mosque is now erected Upon the third Hill is the Sepulchre of the Great Mahomet that won the City of a marvellous greatness and magnificence surrounded with one hundred houses covered with Lead made to receive strangers of any Nation where themselves servants and horses may remain three dayes on free cost Sultan Mahomet leaving two hundred thousand Ducats revenue per annum to maintain the same The fourth Hill hath on it the Church and Sepulchre of Sultan Selim in the same form and order as the other The fifth hath the Church and Sepulchre of Bajazet with a great and spacious Piazza about it The sixth hath the Church and Sepulchre of Solyman the Magnificent which in greatness workmanship Marble Pillars and riches more than Kingly passeth all the rest and deserves to bee matched with the seven wonders of the world The seventh contained the sumptuous Temple of Sancta Sophia which deserves a particular description by it self The Temple of Sancta Sophia Described The Temple of Sancta Sophia standing upon one of these hills exceeds not only all the rest but all the most stately fabricks in the world the principal part thereof riseth in an Ovall surrounded with pillars admirable for their matter proportion and workmanship Over those are others through which ample Galleries curiously paved and arched above have their prospect into the Temple the roof is compact and adorned with Mosaick painting which is composed of little square peices of Marble gilded and coloured according to the place they are to assume in the Figure or ground which set together as if imbossed present an unexpressible statelinesse and are of marvellous durance The sides and floor of the whole Church are laid with excellent Marble it is vaulted underneath containing large Cisternes which are replenished with water from an Aquaeduct within on the left hand is a Pillar covered with Copper which ever sweats the doors are curiously cut through and plated It was from East to West two hundred and sixty foot long and in height one hundred and fourscore and hath contained at once six and thirty thousand Turks In the middest of it there are pillars of gold and silver huge Candlesticks Lanthornes Lamps and other Ornaments of gold and silver whereof the worth is inestimable It had in it one hundred gates and was above a mile in compass The Turks Seraglio Described In the extreamest North-east angle of Constantinople standeth the great Turks Seraglio or Palace compassed with a lofty wall three miles in compasse comprehending goodly Groves of Cypresse-trees intermixed with plaines delicate Gardens Artificial Fountains variety of Fruit-trees and what not rare Luxury being the Steward and the Treasury inexhaustible The proud Palace of the

most delight And in contempt do paint the Devil white Aethiopia superior or the Kingdome of the Abyssines Is bounded on the North with Egypt on the South with the Mountains of the Moon on the East with the Red-Sea and on the VVest with the Country of the Blacks The King hereof is called Prete Janny or Presbyter John they are mungril Christians The King hath under him seventy petty Kings which have their several laws and customes The Country yeelds Orenges Lemmons Citrons Barley Sugar Honey c. Aethiopia inferior is on every side begirt with the Sea except on the North which is bounded with the Mountains of the Moon It consists of five Kingdomes 1 Aiana which abounds with Gold Ivory Honey Wax Corn large sheep c. 2 Zanguabar in which is Mosambique 3 Monomopata wherein are plenty of Gold Mines The King is served with great pomp and hath a guard of two hundred Mastiffs 4 Cafraria in which is the cape of Good hope alwayes stormy to the Spaniards whence one was very angry with God for suffering the English Hereticks to passe by it so easily and not giving his good Catholicks the like speed 5 Manicongo where in many parts the Inhabitants are men-eaters selling such flesh in their Shambles Egypt hath on the East the Red-Sea on the VVest Barbary on the North the Mediterranean and Aethiopia superior on the South It was called the Granary of the VVorld for though it hath rain but seldome yet Nilus overflowing makes it very fruitful the chief Cities are Grand Cairo and Alexandria see afterward a more full discription of it The Islands belonging to Africa Described The Atlantick Islands are 1. that of Saint Thomas lying directly under the Aequinoctiall line inhabited by the Portugalls and yeilding plenty of Sugar 2. Prince Island lying between the Aequator and Tropick of Capricorn a fertile place 3. The Gorgades being nine in number lying neer to Cape Virde they abound in Goats and the chief of them is called St. James 4. The Canaries for their fruitfulnesse called The fortunate Islands they are seven in number the cheif is called the Grand Canary they yeild excellent wines 5. The Hesperides not far from the Gorgades where the soil is very fruitful the weather continually fair and the air very temperate The Aethiopick Islands are 1. The Island of Saint Laurence or Madagascar which is four thousand miles in compasse and longer than Italy rich in all commodities for mans use The people are very barbarous and most of them black yet there is some white amongst them supposed to bee transplanted out of China 2. Socatrina or Socotera which lyes at the mouth of the Red-sea and is sixty miles in length and twenty five in breadth It s very dry and barren yet hath diverse good drugs in it From thence cometh our Aloes Socotrina The Principal Countries in Africa more largely Described Africa is usually divided into 1 Egypt 2 Barbary 3 Numidia 4 Lybia 5 The land of Negro's 6 Aethiopia interior 7 Aethiopia exterior 8 And the Islands as was aforesaid A more full Description of Egypt This Country of Egypt containeth in length from Siene to the Mediterranean Sea five hundred sixty and two miles and in breadth from Rosetta to Damietta above one hundred and forty miles yet in some places it s not above thirty seven miles broad The Inhabitants are tawny and brown From its fruitfulnesse it was called Horreum Populi Romani The Roman Granary where Lucan saith The Earth content with its own wealth doth crave No forreign Marts nor Jove himself they have There hopes alone in Nilus fruitful wave Dr. Heilen This Nilus is divided towards the Sea into seven Channels It swelleth above its banks by the space of forty days beginning upon the 15th day of June and is forty days more decreasing and returning into its banks During this inundation the Cattle live on hills and in the Towns unto which they are aforehand driven and foddered till the return of the water into its Channel The Towns and Villages stand all upon tops of hills and in the time of the flood appear like so many Islands and the people by boats have free intercourse all the while In the mud left upon the fields are many creatures ingendred by the heat of the Sun Whence Ovid And when the seven mouth'd Nile the fields forsakes And to his ancient Channel him betakes The tillers of the ground live creatures find Of sundry shapes int h ' mud that 's left behind Dr. Heilen This River is almost three thousand miles long and being the only River of Egypt affords the only drink to the Egyptians and indeed it s very good water The Paper made of Sedges called Papiri growing by this River afforded Ptolemy Philadelphus materials for Books in that brave Library of Alexandria but understanding that Attalus King of Pergamus used this Egyptian Paper for to exceed him in another Library hee prohibited the carrying of it out of Egypt whereupon Attalus invented Parchment called from his City Pergamena and before these inventions they wrote either on the inside of the bark of a tree called Liber whence wee call our Books Libri Or on Tables made of wood called Caudex whence came our Codex Or on Tables covered over with wax whence Tabellarius is a letter Carryer and the pin which they wrote with was called Stylus which was afterwards used for that peculiar phrase used by any as Negligens Stylus exercitatus Stylus Sometimes they wrote in leaves as the Sybils did their Prophesies called Sybillae folia whence we call it a leaf of paper Pharos is a little Island over against Alexandria in which Ptolemaeus Philadelphus built a watch-tower for the benefit of Saylors the chief workman was Sostratus of Gnidos It was all of white Marble of a wonderfull height ascended by degrees and in the top were many Lanthorns with lights in the night to direct those that travelled by Sea for the admirable structure it was counted one of the wonders of the world The chief Cities in Egypt described The Grand Cairo described The Grand Cairo in Egypt is accounted one of the greatest Cities in the world It is situated upon a most beautiful plain neer unto a certain Mountain called Mucatun about two miles from the River Nilus It 's invirond with stately walls and fortified with Iron Gates In it are built most stately and admirable Palaces and Colledges and most sumptuous Temples There are also many Bath stoves very artificially built It aboundeth with all sorts of Merchandise out of all parts of the World There is in it a famous Burse Exchange called Canen Halili wherein the Persian Merchants dwell It 's built very stately in the manner of a King's Palace of three stories high Beneath it are many rooms whither Merchants resort for the exchange of their costly wares as all sorts of Spices precious stones Cloth of India c. There is also a stately Hospital the yearly

trees there is great variety There are Hares Goats Bores Harts Elephants Camells Buffalls Lions Panthers Tigers Rhinocerotes and Jaraffs The air in this Country is most part warm and temperate In some parts very hot and unwholesome The Winter is from the end of May to the beginning of September in which time it rains almost every day which is often accompanied with thunder their VVine is made of Honey their Churches are usually compassed with trees for shade The richer sort buy garments of the Saracens the rest both men and women cover their bodies either with a skin or some course Hempen-cloth when they do reverence to any they put off their cloth from the shoulders to their navel their hair is long which serves them for a Hat the better sort curle and anoint their hair with butter they brand marks in their bodies especially in their face on their little fingers they suffer their nails to grow as long as they will their hands and feet are bare which they colour reddish they are artlesse and lazie they lye on Ox hides they eat their meat out of great bowles of wood without any Napperie they have no Cities but great unwalled Villages their greatest Town hath scarce sixteen thousand houses These houses are small without elegancy or story round and covered with earth and straw They paint Christ the Virgin and other Saints black as Devils and wicked men white Their Temples are round having a double Porch they neither walk nor talk nor sit nor spit nor laugh in the Church nor admit Dogs into the Church-yards some Churches are only for men others for women In small Villages they are common to both but with divisions that they cannot see one another The chiefest Port belonging to the Abissines is Suaque●n situated in the Arabian Gulph It excels most of the Cities in the Orient in four things First in the goodnesse and security of the Haven which is fenced by nature against all storms and will contain two hundred ships besides multitudes of small Vessels Secondly In the easinesse of loading and unloading of them For the City being built in an Island they set the beak-heads of their Ships and Gallies over the streets and by casting a plank over they are emptied into the ware-houses Thirdly For trafick with strange Nations for there repair thither Merchants from all parts of India Cambaia Pegu Malacca Arabia Ethiopia Egypt c. which trade for abundance of gold and Ivory Fourthly For the strength of the City which is very great by reason of Sholds Flats Islands Rocks Banks of sand c. which makes the approaches very difficult and dangerous This Country of Abassia is as big as Germany France and Italy and hath in it plenty of Rice Barley Beans Pease Sugar c. The Hill Amara in Ethiopia described In Ethiopia under Prete Janny commonly called Prester or Presbyter John is an hill called Amara situated in the navel of the Ethiopian body under the Equinoctial line adorned with all variety of fruits wholesome air pleasant aspect and prospect yea Heaven and Earth Nature and Industry have all been corrivals to present their riches to it It stands in a great plain having no other hill near it by thirty leagues the form of it is round the rock is cut so smooth without any unequal swelling that to him that stands beneath it s like an high wall the top is overhanged with rocks jutting forth for the space of a mile It s above twenty leagues in the circuit compassed with a wall on the top well wrought that so neither man nor beast in chase may fall down The top is a level only towards the South is a rising hill beautifying this plain whence issueth a pleasant Spring which passeth through all that plain and payeth its tribute to every Garden that will exact it and so maketh a Lake at length whence issueth a River that from thence runneth into Nilus The way up to it is cut out of the Rock not with stairs but by an easy ascent so that one may ride up with ease at the foot whereof is a fair Gate with a Corps du Guard Halfway up is a fair and spacious Hall cut out of the Rock with three large windows to it and at the top is another gate with the like Guard The air above is wholesome and delectable so that they live long there without sicknesse There are upon it thirty four Palaces standing by themselves spacious sumptuous and beautiful where the Princes of the Royal blood have their abode with their Families There are two Temples also the most beautiful in all Ethiopia There are many flourishing and fruitful Gardens curiously made and plentifully furnished with Europian fruits as Pears Pippins c. and of their own as Oranges Citrons Lemons c. It s also adorned with Cedars Palm-trees c. as also with variety of herbs and flowers to delight the sight taste and sent There are also Cubaio trees pleasant in taste beyond all comparison and great store of Balm-trees There is plenty of all sorts of Grain and Corn and such charms of Birds as delight the ear with their melodious warbling notes and please the eye with their variety of colours and other creatures that adorn this Paradise The aforenamed Churches have their Pillars and Roofs of stone richly and cunningly wrought the matter and workmanship contending for magnificence That of Jasper Alabaster Marble Porphyrie This of painting gilding and much curiosity To these are adjoyning two stately Monasteries in one whereof are two rare peeces whereon wonder may justly fasten both her eyes The Treasury and the Library of the Emperor are such as neither of them is thought to bee matchable in the world neither that of Constantinople wherein were one hundred and twenty thousand Books nor that of Alexandria wherein were seven hundred thousand Books For the number in this Library is numberlesse their price inestimable There are three great Halls each above two hundred paces large with Books of all Sciences written in fine Parchment with much curiosity of golden Letters and other work and cost in writing binding and covers There are all the Greek Fathers The Writers of Syria Egypt Africa and the Latine Fathers with others innumerable in Greek Hebrew Arabick Abyssine Egyptian Syrian and Chaldee There are Poets Philosophers Physicians Rabbines Talmudists Cabalists Hieroglyphicks c. The Treasury leaves them of all other Princes behinde it It s a Sea that every year receiveth new Rivers which never run out every Emperor yearly laying up part of his revenue there The Jewels here kept are incomparable Topazes Amethists Saphires Diamonds c. Hee hath one Jewel that was found in the River Niger that brings forth more Gemmes than any other in the world which is one peece diversified with a thousand variety of stones It s about two spans and an half square there are in it one hundred and sixty Diamonds one as large as the palm of ones