Augustine the first daie of Iulie in the yeare of our Lord 1530. The determination of the vniuersitie line 60 of Tholose THere was treated in our vniuersitie of Tholose a verie hard question Whether it be lawfull for the brother to marrie hir which had béene wife to his brother now departed that without children There was besides this an other thing that troubled vs verie sore Whether if the pope which hath the cure of Christs flocke would by his dispensation as men call it suffer this that then at the least wise it might be lawfull The rector of the vniuersitie called to counsell all the doctors regents that were at that time at Tholose for to shew their minds on this question and that not once but twise for he iudged that counsell giuing ought not to be hasted nor doone vpon head and that we had need of time and space to doo anie thing conuenientlie and as it ought to be At the last there came togither into one place all the best learned and cunningest doctors both of holie diuinitie and also doctors that were best learned in both lawes yea and finallie as manie as had anie experience in anie matter and were able to doo anie thing either by iudgement and discretion or by eloquence or their excellent wits and there did sweare that they would obeie the sacred and holie councels and would follow the decrees of the fathers which no man that hath anie good conscience will violat or breake And so euerie man said his mind the matter was debated and reasoned diffuselie and at large for both parts In conclusion we fell so fast to this point that this was the sentence and determination that our vniuersitie with one voice of all did determine and conclude with most pure and cléere conscience and defiled with no maner of leuen of corruption That it is lawfull for no man neither by the law of God nor by the law of nature to take hir to wife that his brother hath left and séeing that it maie not be doone by the law of God nor of nature we answered all that the pope can loose no man from that law nor dispense with him And as for that thing can not be contrarie to our sentence and verdict that the brother in old time was compelled by the law of Deuteronomie to marrie the brothers wife departed without issue For this law was but a shadow and a figure of things to come which vanished awaie as soone as euer the light and truth of the gospell appeared And bicause these things be thus we haue giuen our sentence after this forme aboue and haue commanded the same to be signed by our notarie which is our secretarie and to be fortified and authorised by the putting to of our authenticall seale of our vniuersitie aforesaid at Tholose the calends or first daie of October the yeare of our Lord 1530. After these determinations were read there were shewed aboue an hundred books drawn by doctors of strange regions which all agreed the kings marriage to be vnlawfull which were not read for the daie was spent Then the chancellor said Now you of this common house maie report in your countries what you haue séene and heard then all men shall openlie perceiue that the king hath not attempted this matter of will and pleasure as some strangers report but onlie for the discharge of his conscience and suertie of the succession of his realme this is the cause of our repaire hither to you and now will we depart When these determinations were published all wise men in the realme much abhorred that marriage but women and such as were more wilfull than wise or learned spake against the determination and said that the vniuersities were corrupt and intised so to doo which is not to be thought The king himselfe sore lamented his chance and made no maner of mirth nor pastime as he was woont to doo He dined and resorted to the quéene as he was accustomed and diminished nothing of hir estate and much loued and cherished their daughter the ladie Marie but in no wise he would not come to hir bed When Easter began to draw neere the parlement for that time ended and was proroged till the last daie of March in the next yéere In the parlement aforesaid was an act made that whosoeuer did poison any person should be boiled in hot water to the death which act was made bicause one Richard Roose in the parlement time had poisoned diuerse persons at the bishop of Rochesters place which Richard according to the same act was boiled in Smithfield the teneber wednesdaie following to the terrible example of all other When the vniuersitie aforesaid and a great number of clearks and well learned men had determined the kings marriage to be vnlawfull detestable and against Gods law as you haue heard the king willing the quéene to haue knowledge of the same sent to hir diuerse lords of the councell the last daie of line 10 Maie being the wednesdaie in Whitsun wéeke the which Lords in hir chamber at Gréenewich declared to hir all the determinations as you haue heard and asked hir whether she would for the quietnesse of the kings conscience put the matter to foure prelats and foure temporall lords of this realme or abide by hir appeale The quéene answered The king my father which concluded my marriage I am sure was not so ignorant but he asked counsell of clearks and well learned men before he married me the second line 20 time for if he had had anie doubt in my marriage he would not haue disbursed so great a tresure as he did then all the doctors in a maner agréed my marriage to be good insomuch that the pope himselfe which knew best what was to be doone did both dispense and ratifie the second marriage against whose dooings I maruell that any person will speake or write And as to the determination of the vniuersitie I am a woman and lacke wit and learning to answer line 30 to them but to God I commit the iudgement of that whether they haue doone iustlie or parciallie for this I am sure that neither the kings father nor my father would haue condescended to our marriage if it had beene declared to be vnlawfull And where you saie that I should put the cause to eight persons of this realme for quietnesse of the kings conscience I pray God send his grace a quiet conscience And this shall be your answer that I saie I am his lawfull wife and to him lawfullie married and by the order line 40 of holie church I was to him espoused as his true wife although I was not so woorthie and in that point I will abide till the court of Rome which was priuie to the beginning haue made thereof a determination and finall ending With this answer the lords departed to the king which was sorie to heare of hir wilfull opinion and in especiall that
as this floore One streight amongst them gaue iudgement that he that had line 40 doone it was worthie to lose his head The king streight replied he had rather lose a dozen such heads as his was that so iudged than one such seruants as had doone it and herewith he commanded that the lord Greies pardon should presentlie be made the which with a letter of great thanks and promise of reward was returned by the said sir Thomas Palmer to the said lord Greie but the reward failed the king not continuing long after in life the like hap whereof had oftentimes happened vnto diuerse line 50 of his worthie ancestors vpon their due deserts to haue béene considered of and therefore the case the lesse strange This haue I set downe the more willinglie for that I haue receiued it from them which haue heard it reported not onlie by the lord Greis owne mouth but also by the relation of sir Thomas Palmer and others that were present the same not tending so much to the lord Greies owne praise as to the betokening of the kings noble courage and the great secret trust which he worthilie reposed in the said lord line 60 Greie Here is to be noted also lest any man should mistake the matter as if the king dealt indirectlie herein that his maiestie knowing how the Frenchmen in going about to build this fort did more than they might by the couenants of the peace and therefore was resolued at the first aduertisement thereof to haue it rased But yet for that it might happilie haue béene signified ouer vnto the Frenchmen before my lord Greie could haue accomplished the feat he therefore wiselie wrote one thing in his letters wherevnto manie might be priuie and â—enâ— secret knowledge by words contrarie to the contents of the same letters so as if the messenger were trustie his pleasure might not be discouered to the hinderance or dispappointing of the same But now to our purpose The French king after this bicause as yet hée would not séeme to breake the peace commanded the trenches and new fortifications made about this fortresse called Chatillons garden thus cast downe to be filled by his owne people and so it rested during the life of king Henrie but afterwards it was begun againe and finished as after ye shall heare About Michaelmas in this present yeare Thomas duke of Norffolke and Henrie earle of Surrie that was his sonne and heire vpon certeine surmises of treason were committed to the tower of London and immediatlie after Christmas the thirtéenth of Ianuarie the king then lieng in the extremities of death the said earle was arreigned in the Guildhall of London before the lord maior the lord chancellor and diuerse other lords and iudges being there in commission Where if he had tempered his answers with such modestie as he shewed token of a right perfect and readie wit his praise had béene the greater Some things he flatlie denied seeking to weaken the credit of his accusers by certeine circumstances other he excused with interpretations of his meaning to proue the same to be far otherwise than was alleged against him And one speciall matter amongest other wherewith he was charged was for bearing certeine arms that were said to belong to the king and to the prince The bearing where of he iustified and maintened that as he tooke it he might beare them as belonging to diuerse of his ancestors and withall affirmed that he had the opinion of heralds therein But yet to his indictment he pleaded not giltie and for that he was no lord of the parlement he was inforced to stand to the triall of a common inquest of his countrie which found him giltie and therevpon he had iudgement of death and shortlie after to wit the 19 of Ianuarie he was beheaded on the tower hill ¶ In this moneth of Ianuarie the church of the late graie friers in London was opened and masse â—oong there and that daie preached at Paules crosse the bishop of Rochester who declared the kings gift to the citie of London for the relieuing of the poore people which was by patent vnder his great seale Saint Bartholomews spittle the church of the graie friers and two parish churches the one of saint Nicholas in the shambles the other saint Ewine in Newgate market all to be mâ—de on parish church of the graie friers church and in lands he gaue for the maintenance of the same 500 markes by yeare for euer this church to be named Christs church founded by king Henrie the eight The duke was atteinted by parlement and the atteindor after reuersed in the first yeare of quéene Marie The euill hap as well of the father as of the sonne was greatlie lamented of manie not onelie for the good seruice which the duke had doone in his daies in defense of this realme but also for that the earle was a gentleman well learned and knowne to haue an excellent wit if he had béene thankefull to God for the same and other such good gifts as he had indued him withall The king now lieng at the point of death made his last will and testament wherein he not onelie yéelded himselfe to almightie God but also tooke order that during the minoritie of his sonne prince Edward his executors should be councellors and aiders to him in all things as well concerning priuate as publike affaires They were sixtéene in number whose names were as hereafter followeth Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Wriothesleie lord chancellor sir William Paulet knight of the order lord Saint-Iohn great master of the houshold sir Edward Seimer knight of the order earle of Hertford and high chamberleine of England sir Iohn Russell knight of the order lord priuie seale sir Iohn Dudleie knight of the order vicount Lisle baron of Maupas high admerall of England Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Durham sir Anthonie Browne knight of the order and master of the horsse sir Edmund Montacute knight chiefe iustice of the coÌ„mon plees sir Thomas Bromleie knight one of the iustices of the kings bench sir line 10 Edward North knight chancellor of the augmentation sir William Paget knight of the order sir Anthonie Dennie knight sir William Herbert knight sir Edward Wotton knight treasuror of Calis Nicholas Wotton deane of Canturburie and Yorke So soone as the noble king had finished his last will and testament as afore is said he shortlie therevpon yeelded vp his spirit to almightie God departing this world the eight and twentith daie of Ianuarie line 20 in the eight and thirtith yeare of his reigne and in the yeare of our Lord 1546 after the accompt of the church of England but after the accompt which we follow in this booke 1547 beginning our yeare the first of Ianuarie He reigned thirtie and seuen yeares nine moneths and od daies His bodie according to his will in that behalfe was conueied to Windsor with all funerall
along that waie from the house through the garden and so into the field where he laie Then the maior and his companie that were with him went into the house and knowing hir euill demeanor in times past examined hir of the matter but she defied them and said I would you should know I am no such woman Then they examined hir seruants and in the examination by reason of a péece of his heare any bloud found néere to the house in the waie by the which they caried him foorth and likewise by the knife with which she had thrust him into the brest and the clout wherewith they wiped the bloud awaie which they found in the tub into the which the same were throwen they all confessed the matter and hir selfe beholding hir husbands bloud said Oh the bloud of God helpe for this bloud haue I shed Then were they all attached and committed to prison and the maior with others went presentlie to the flower de lice where they found Mosbie in bed and as they came towards him they espied his hose and pursse stained with some of maister Ardens bloud And when he asked what they meant by their comming in such sort they said Sée here ye may vnderstand wherefore by these tokens shewing him the bloud on his hose and pursse Then he confessed the déed and so he and all the other that had conspired the murder were apprehended and laid in prison except Gréene blacke Will and the painter which painter and George Shakebag that was also fled before were neuer heard of Shortlie were the sessions kept at Feuersham where all the prisoners were arreigned and condemned And therevpon being examined whither they had anie other complices mistres Arden accused Bradshaw vpon occasion of the letter sent by Gréene from Graues end as before ye haue heard which words had none other meaning but onelie by Bradshaws describing of blacke Wils qualities Gréene iudged him a méete instrument for the execution of their pretended murder Whereto notwithstanding as Gréene confessed at his death certeine yeares after this Bradshaw was neuer made priuie howbeit he was vppon this accusation of mistres Arden immediatlie sent for to the sessions and indicted and declaration made against him as a procurer of blacke Will to kill maister Arden which procéeded wholie by misvnderstanding of the words conteined in the letter which he brought from Greene. Then he desired to talke with the persons condemned and his request was granted He therefore demanded of them if they knew him or euer had anie conuersation with him they all said no. Then the letter being shewed and read he declared the verie truth of the matter and vpon what occasion he told Gréene of blacke Will neuerthelesse he was condemned and suffered These condemned persons were diuerslie executed in sundrie places for Michaell maister Ardens man was hanged in chaines at Feuersham and one of the maids was burnt there pitifullie bewailing hir case and cried out on hir mistres that had brought hir to this end for the which she would neuer forgiue hir Mosbie his sister were hanged in Smithfield at London line 10 mistres Arden was burned at Canturburie the foure and twentith of March Gréene came againe certeine yeares after was apprehended condemned hanged in chaines in the high waie betwixt Ospring Boughton against Feuersham blacke Will was burnt on a scaffold at Flishing in Zeland Adam Foule that dwelt at the floure de lice in Feuersham was brought into trouble about this matter and caried vp to London with his legs bound vnder the horsse bellie and committed to prison line 20 in the Marshalseie for that Mosbie was heard to saie Had it not béene for Adam Foule I had not come to this trouble meaning that the bringing of the siluer dice for a token to him from mistresse Arden as ye haue heard occasioned him to renew familiaritie with hir againe But when the matter was throughlie ripped vp that Mosbie had cléered him protesting that he was neuer of knowledge in anie behalfe to the murder the mans innocencie preserued him line 30 This one thing séemeth verie strange and notable touching maister Arden that in the place where he was laid being dead all the proportion of his bodie might be séene two yeares after and more so plaine as could be for the grasse did not grow where his bodie had touched but betwéene his legs betweene his armes and about the hollownesse of his necke and round about his bodie and where his legs armes head or anie other part of his bodie had touched no grasse growed at all of all that time So that manie strangers came in that meane time beside line 40 the townesmen to see the print of his bodie there on the ground in that field Which field he had as some haue reported most cruellie taken from a woman that had beene a widow to one Cooke and after maried to one Richard Read a mariner to the great hinderance of hir and hir husband the said Read for they had long inioied it by a lease which they had of it for manie yeares not then expired neuerthelesse he got it from them For the which the line 50 said Reads wife not onelie exclaimed against him in sheading manie a salt téere but also curssed him most bitterlie euen to his face wishing manie a vengeance to light vpon him and that all the world might woonder on him Which was thought then to come to passe when he was thus murdered and laie in that field from midnight till the morning and so all that daie being the faire daie till night all the which daie there were manie hundreds of people came woondering about him And thus far touching this horrible and heinous murder of maister Arden line 60 To returne then where we left About this time the kings maiestie calling his high court of parlement held the same at Westminster the three and twentith daie of Ianuarie in this fift yéere of his reigne and there continued it vntill the fiftéenth daie of Aprill in the sixt yeare of his said reigne In this parlement the booke of common praier which in some part had béene corrected and amended was newlie confirmed established ¶ In the end of this parlement namelie the fifteenth of Aprill the infectious sweating sicknesse began at Shrewesburie which ended not in the north part of England vntill the end of September In this space what number died it cannot be well accounted but certeine it is that in London in few daies nine hundred and sixtie gaue vp the ghost It began in London the ninth of Iulie and the twelfth of Iulie it was most vehement which was so terrible that people being in best helth were suddenlie taken and dead in foure and twentie houres and twelue or lesse for lacke of skill in guiding them in their sweat And it is to be noted that this mortalitie fell
some way requite the venturous courage and hartie zeale of the gentleman who with the losse of his owne life preserued the king if not from death yet from some dangerous wound that might haue put him to extreame anguish and paine This may incite men to be mindfull of benefits receiued a vertue no lesse rare than the contrarie is common and as one saith inueniuntur Quidam sed rari acceptorum qui meritorum Assiduè memores c. But to conclude with this iourneie which king Henrie made at this time against the Welshmen although by reason of the cumbersome difficulties of the places he could not enter within the countrie so farre as he wished yet he so impounded and constreined them to kéepe within the woods and mountains that they durst not come abroad insomuch that at the length they were glad to sue for peace William king of Scots successor of Malcolme who departed this life in the yeare last past after he had receiued the crowne of Scotland came about this present time into England and finding king Henrie at London did his homage to him as his predecessour Malcolme had doone before He made suit also to haue Northumberland restored vnto him which the king of Englands mother the empresse had in times past giuen vnto king Dauid But king Henrie gaue diuerse reasons to excuse himselfe whie he might not deliuer that countrie to him at that present namelie without consent of a parlement where vpon king William perceiuing how the maâ—ter went gaue ouer his suit for that present meaning line 10 when occasion serued to attempt the getting thereof by force sith that by praier and suit he sawe well inough he should not obteine it Moreouer the Scottish king being required by king Henrie to go ouer with him into Normandie granted so to doo insomuch that king Henrie hauing set all things in order within his realme of England in the Lent following passed ouer into Normandie But before he tooke his iourneie he set foorth a decree consisting of these points in effect as followeth line 20 1 That no man should bring any letters or commandement from pope Alexander or Thomas archbishop of Canturburie into England conteining an interdiction of the realme vpon perill to be apprehended and punished as a traitour to the king and an enimie to the realme 2 That no religious person or préest should be permitted to passe the seas or to come into the relme of England except he had letters of safe conduct line 30 from the iusticers for passage ouer and of the king for his returne from thence 3 That no man should appeale to the said pope or archbishop nor by their appointment hold any plée and if any person were found dooing the contrarie herevnto he should be taken and committed to prison 4 That if any maner of person either spirituall or temporall were obedient to the sentence of the interdiction the same person should be banished the line 40 realme without delaie and all his linage with him so as they should not conueie with them any of their goods the which togither with their possessions should be seized into the kings hands 5 That all spirituall persons which had any benefices within England should haue warning giuen to returne into England within foure moneths after the same summons pronounced and that if they failed hereof then should the king seize vpon their goods and possessions line 50 6 That the bishops of London and Norwich should be and by vertue hereof were summoned to appeare before the kings iusticers to make answer for that they had interdicted the lands of erle Hugh and excommunicated him 7 That the Peter pence should be gathered and kept In the octaues of Easter king Henrie came to an enterview with the French king at Gisors where they had conference togither of sundrie matters line 60 This yeare the quéene was deliuered of a sonne named Iohn who afterward was king of this realme Moreouer king Henrie calling a councell of his bishops and barons in Normandie caused and ordeined a collection by their aduise to be made through all his countries and dominions of two pence in the pound of euerie mans lands and goods iewels and apparell onelie excepted to be paid this yeare 1166. and for the space of foure yeares next ensuing one penie of euerie pound to be paid yearelie and those that were not worth twentie shillings in goods or lands being housholders notwithstanding or bare any office should paie a penie to this contribution which was onelie granted for the releefe of the christians in the east parts and those that warred against the miscreants there The paiment thereof was appointed to be made in the feast daie of saint Remigius or within fiftéene daies after It was also ordeined that all such as departed this life within the terme that this collection was in force their debts being paid should giue the tenth part of the residue of all their goods vnto this so necessarie a contribution King Henrie remaining now in Normandie and vnderstanding that diuerse lords and barons of Maine and the marshes of Britaine would not in his absence shew themselues obedient vnto his wife quéene Elianor but were about to practise a rebellion raised an armie and went against them easilie subduing them whom he found obstinate and besieging the castell of Foulgiers tooke and vtterlie destroied it Soone after the archbishop of Canturburie came from Pountney to Uizeley and there on Ascension daie when the church was most full of people got him into the pulpit and with booke bell and candell solemnelie accurssed all the obseruers defenders and mainteiners with the promoters of such customs as within the realme of England they terme the custome of their elders amongst others that were accursed was Richard de Lucie Richard the archdeacon of Poictiers Iocelin de Bailleuille Alane de Neuille and manie other But they being absent neither called nor conuinced as they alleged notwithstanding they were thus excommunicated sent their messengers vnto the archbishop and appealed from him and so feared not to enter into their churches He had before this also written certeine letters vnto his suffragans denouncing some of these and other persons by expresse name accursed not onelie for mainteining the matter against him touching the ancient custome of the realme but also for the schisme raised in Almaine by Reignald archbishop of Colein for the which he accursed one Iohn of Oxford Moreouer he accursed Ranulfe de Broc Hugh de S. Clete Thomas Fitz Bernard for violentlie seizing vpon and deteining the goods and possessions belonging to his archbishoprike without his consent or agréement therevnto The king on the other part banished out of England and all parts of his other dominions all those persons that were knowen to be of kin vnto the archbishop both yoong and old and furthermore sent aduertisement to the abbat of Pountney and to his moonks with
paie for the bonds made to the merchants by the bishop of Hereford as before is recited In this season the deuotion which manie had conceiued of the pope and the church of Rome began to wax cold reputing the vertue which he shewed at his entring into the papasie to be rather a colourable hypocrisie than otherwise sith his proceedings answered not to his good beginnings for as it was manifest where sutors brought their complaints into the court of Rome such sped best as gaue most bribes and the two priors of Winchester the one expelled and the other got in by intrusion could well witnesse the same and all the world knoweth that the viperous generation of Romanists reckoning from the ringleader to the simplest shaueling haue made gaine the scope of their holinesse and as it is truelie said Quae libet arripiunt lucri bonus est odoâ— ex re Qualibet imponunt hos scelus omne iuuat Accipiunt quoduis si non sonat aere crumena Siue siligo adsit sordida siue pecus c. This yeare died William of Yorke bishop of Salisburie which had beene brought vp in the court euen from his youth This bishop first caused that custome to be receiued for a law whereby the tenants of euerie lordship are bound to owe their suit to the lords court of whom they hold their tenements In the feast of Easter this yeare the king adorned Magnus king of Man with the order of knighthood and bestowed vpon him great gifts and honors ¶ The countesse of Warren Auesia or Atesia as some bookes haue sister to the king by his mother line 10 departed this life in hir flourishing youth vnto the great griefe of hir brother but speciallie of hir husband Iohn earle of Waren that loued hir intierlie ¶ About the midst of Maie the Iewes that were in the towre and in other prisons for the murther of the child at Lincolne and had béene indited by an inquest vpon the 〈◊〉 of him that had suffered at Lincolne were 〈…〉 and set at libertie to the number of 〈…〉 of them ¶ In Whitsuntide was holden a 〈…〉 at Blie where the line 20 lord Edward the 〈…〉 sonne first began to shew proofe of his chiualâ—â—â— There were diuerse ouerthrowen and hurt and aâ—â—â—gst other William de Longspee was so brused 〈…〉 neuer after recouer his former strength The king caused a proclamation is be set foorth that all such as might dispend â—â—â—eene pounds in lands should receiue the 〈◊〉 of knighthood and those that would not or could not should paie their fines This yeare thrée daies after the feast of S. line 30 Ciricus a maruellous sore tempest of wind raine haile and thunder chanced that did excéeding much hurt Mill-whéeles by the violeâ—â—e of waters were carried away and the wind-milles were no lesse tormented with the rage of wind Arches of bridges stackes of haie houses that stood by water sides and children in cradels were borne awaie that both woonderfull and no lesse pitifull it was to see At Bedford the riuer of Duse bare downe six houses togither and did vnspeakeable hurt thereabouts line 40 Alexander the third king of Scots with his wife quéene Margaret came about the beginning of August into England and found the king at his manor of Woodstoke where he solaced him a season and had the lands of the earle of Huntington restored vnto him which his grandfather king William in his time lost and forfeited Here he did homage to king Henrie Upon the day of the decollation of S. Iohn the two kings with their quéenes came to London where they were honorablie receiued and so conueied line 50 vnto Westminster On the day of S. Augustine the bishop being the eight and twentith of August Iohn Mansell the kings chapleine besought the two kings and other states to dine with him on the morrow following which they granted and so he made a maruellous great dinner There were seuen hundred messes serued vp but the multitude of ghests was such that scarse the same sufficed his house was not able to receiue them all and therefore he caused tents and booths to be set vp for theâ— The like dinner line 60 had not beene made by any chapleine before that time All those that came were worthilie receiued feasted and interteined in such sort as euerie man was satisfied About foure daies before the feast of S. Edward K. Henrie came into the excheker himselfe there deuised order for the appearance of shiriffes and bringing in of their accompts At the same time also there was fiue marks set on euerie shiriffes head for a fine bicause they had not distreined euerie person that might dispend 15 pounds land to receiue the order of knighthood as was to the same shiriffes commanded The king of Scots after he had remained a while with the king of England returned backe into Scotland and left his wife behind with hir mother till she should be brought to bed for she was as then great with child In the 41 yeare of the reigne of king Henrie his brother Richard earle of Cornewall was elected emperour by one part of the Cornosters and diuerse lords of Almaine comming ouer into this land vpon the daie of the innocents in Christmasse presented vnto him letters from the archbishop of Colen and other great lords of Almaine year 1257 testifieng their consents in the choosing of him to be emperour and withall that it might stand with his pleasure to accept that honor Finallie vpon good deliberation had in the matter he consented therevnto whervpon the lords that came with the message being right glad of their answer returned with all spéed to signifie the same vnto those from whom they had béene sent The treasure of this earle Richard now elected king of Almaine was esteemed to amount vnto such a summe that he might dispend euerie day a hundred marks for the terme of ten yeares togither not reckoning at all the reuenues which dailie accrewed to him of his rents in Almaine and England In this meane time the vnquiet Welshmen after the death of their prince Dauid chose in his stéed one Leolin that was son to the same Griffin that brake his necke as he would haue escaped out of the towre of London and herewith they began a new rebellion either driuing out such Englishmen as laie there in garisons within the castels and fortresses or else entring into the same by some traitorous practise they slue those which they found within them to the great displeasure of their souereigne lord Edward the kings eldest sonne who coueting to be reuenged of their rebellious enterprises could not bring his purpose to passe by reason of the vnseasonable weather and continuall raine which fell that winter so raising the waters setting the marishes on flouds that he could not passe with his armie Moreouer his father the king wanted monie and treasure
the which had béene taken and committed to prison set fire on the house wherein he was inclosed and so the flames catching hold vpon the other buildings a great part of the citie was thereby burned Yet the men and the line 10 women getting themselues to the wals droue their enimies backe and so defended the citie from taking Whervpon the Scotish lords perceiuing they could not preuaile left their siege on the thursdaie in Easter weeke and returned againe into Scotland On the same thursdaie king Edward with his armie passed the riuer of Tweed and so entring into Scotland sent to the burgesses of Berwike offering them peace vpon certeine conditions and staied a whole day for an answer but when he could haue line 20 none that liked him nor that sounded in anie thing to peace he approched the towne and lodged in the monasterie of Caldestreime His armie consisted as some write of foure thousand men of armes on horsbacke and thirtie thousand footmen besides fiue hundred men of armes on horssebacke and a thousand footmen of the bishoprike of Durham At the same time there came foure and twentie English ships the mariners whereof beholding where the English armie was placed in battell raie vpon a plaine the line 30 king making there certeine knights they thought his meaning was to haue giuen forthwith an assalt and so entring the hauen and approching to the land began to fight with the townesmen where they lost foure of their ships and were constreined to withdraw with the residue with helpe of the falling water Some haue written that they lost but three ships which were consumed with fire and that the mariners and souldiers of one of those ships after they had defended themselues by great manhood from the line 40 first houre of the daie till eleuen of the clocke escaped awaie some by the bote of that ship and some leaping into the water were saued by the botes of other ships that made in to succour them The rumor of the mariners attempt being bruted through the armie the king passing forward towards the towne got ouer a ditch which the Scots had cast to impeach his passage and so comming to the towne wan it not losing any man of renowme sauing sir Richard Cornewall the which was slaine by a quarell which a Flemming shot out of a crossebowe line 50 being in the red hall which the merchants of Flanders held in that towne and had fortified it in manner of a tower but when they would not yéeld and could not easilie otherwise be woone the house towards euening was set on fire and so they being thirtie in number were burned to death within it Upon the same night the king lodged in the castell which was yéelded vnto him by them that kept it their liues and limmes saued and receiuing an oth line 60 that they should not from thencefoorth beare armour against the king of England they were permitted to depart whither they thought good their capteine sir William Dowglas excepted whom the king still kept with him till the end of the warres Some write that there should be slaine of Scotishmen at this winning of Berwike aboue the number of twentie thousand men Abington saith 8000 but Richard Southwell saith 15000 at the least one with an other with small losse of Englishmen not past eight and twentie of all sorts Yée may read more hereof in the Scotish historie ¶ But before I passe ouer this slaughter so lamentable and woonderfull I haue bethought my selfe of a promised apologie for and in the behalfe of Richard Grafton mentioned before in the reigne of Henrie the second page 112. col 1. where I shewed how vnaduisedlie and with vnseemelie modestie for a man of learning George Buchanan the Scot dooth shoot his bolts at the said Grafton as now by occasion of the matter conuenientlie occurrent shall be shewed The said Grafton in his large volume of English chronicles falling vpon the affaires betwéene king Edward the first and Iohn Balioll king of Scotland among other things there remembred maketh report that in the said battell of Berwike the slaughter was so great that a mill might well haue béene driuen by the space of two daies with the streames of bloud which at that time ouerranne the ground At which words George Buchanan giueth a snatch emboldened so to doo bicause the said Grafton referreth this record to Hector Boetius in his fourteenth booke and second chapter Iesu how the Scot taketh vp the Englishman for halting in his allegation first for the chapter conuincing him that Hector Boetius diuided not his booke into chapters and therefore where is the second chapter sith the whole fourteenth booke is a continued discourse without distinction by chapters Secondlie the said Grafton hath the checke for setting a lie aflote Buchanan flatlie affirming that Hector Boetius hath no such matter once mentioned in his annales Touching the first fault wherewith the Scot chargeth the Englishman this is note-worthie that it should seeme to anie man of meane iudgement that Buchanan of a prepensed malice and purposed wilfulnesse hath sharpened his stile in this nipping sort against Grafton For sith it was Graftons meaning to record the truth so farre foorth as he was warranted by the auerment of writers why should he be cast in the teeth with Effraenis maledicendi libido or dishonestlie termed Indoctus impudenter mendax Which opprobrious epithets if they were deserued by an vntrue report of the author then should Buchanan haue sharpened his toong against Belenden his countriman the translator of Hector Boetius into their mother toong from whome Grafton hath deriued his words sense for sense vnmangled as he found the same written Now who knoweth not that Bellenden distinguished Hectors annales into chapters vpon whose authoritie Grafton relieng and citing his authoritie according to the quotation of his diuision whie should he rather than Bellenden be barked at who is the principall in this controuersie Againe it could not be hidden from Buchanan that Bellenden had distributed Boerius into chapters considering that they were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 both liuing in the reigne of Iames the fift of that name king of Scots so that it might haue pleased him to haue tried Grafton by the Scotish Boetius and so to haue beene resolued for the second chapter of the fouretéenth booke according to the archdeacon of Murreis translation Now for the matter it selfe touching the effusion of bloud wherewith a mill might well haue béene driuen for two daies space Hector Boetius his owne words are these Riui sanguinis toto oppido adeo fluxere vt cumaestu decurrente minâ—r aqua quà m ad molendina circumagenda fuerit adiuuante aquam sanguine aliqua circumagi sponte coeperint Which place Bellenden hath interpreted after this manner So lamentabl ' slauhter wes throw all the parts of the toun that ane mill might haâ—f gaue
earles Marshall and Kent the matter was taken vp and earle Henrie line 20 had the kings peace granted him for the summe of eleuen thousand pounds which he should haue paid but he neuer paid that fine though it was so assessed at the time of the agreement There were diuerse lords and great men that were confederat with him the lord Thomas Wake the lord Henrie Beaumont the lord Foulke Fitz Warrein sir Thomas Rosselin sir William Trussell and other to the number of an hundred knights ¶ In the third yeare of his reigne about the Ascension line 30 tide king Edward went ouer into France and comming to the French king Philip de Ualois as then being at Amiens did there his homage vnto him for the duchie of Guien as in the French historie appeareth ¶ The same yeare Simon the archbishop of Canturburie held a synod at London wherein all those were excommunicated that were guiltie to the death of Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester that had béene put to death by the Londoners as in the last kings time ye haue heard ¶ This bishop of Excester line 40 founded Excester colledge in Oxford Harts hall But now to the purpose The king about the beginning or as other saie about the middle of Lent held a parlement at Winchester during the which Edmund of Woodstoke earle of Kent the kings vncle was arrested the morrow after saint Gregories day and being arreigned vpon certeine confessions and letters found about him he was found giltie of treason There were diuerse in trouble about the same matter for the earle line 50 vpon his open confession before sundrie lords of the realme declared that not onelie by commandement from the pope but also by the setting on of diuerse nobles of this land whome he named he was persuaded to indeuour himselfe by all waies and meanes possible how to deliuer his brother king Edward the second out of prison and to restore him to the crowne whome one Thomas Dunhed a frier of the order of preachers in London affirmed for certeine to be aliue hauing as he himselfe said called vp a spirit to line 60 vnderstand the truth thereof and so what by counsell of the said frier and of three other friers of the same order he had purposed to worke some meane how to deliuer him and to restore him againe to the kingdome Among the letters that were found about him disclosing a great part of his practise some there were which he had written and directed vnto his brother the said king Edward as by some writers it should appeare year 1330 The bishop of London and certeine other great personages whome he had accused were permitted to go at libertie vnder suerties taken for their good demeanour and foorth comming But Robert de Touton and the frier that had raised the spirit for to know whether the kings father were liuing or not were committed to prison wherein the fâ—ier remained till he died The earle himselfe was had out of the castell gate at Winchester and there lost his head the 19 day of March chiefelie as was thought thorough the malice of the quéene mother and of the earle of March whose pride and high presumption the said earle of Kent might not well abide His death was the lesse lamented bicause of the presumptuous gouernement of his seruants and retinue which he kept about him for that they riding abroad would take vp things at their pleasure not paieng nor agréeing with the partie to whome such things belonged in so much that by their meanes who ought to haue doone their vttermost for the inlargement of his honour he grew in greater obloquie and reproch a fowle fault in seruants so to abuse their lords names to their priuat profit to whome they cannot be too trustie But such are to be warned that by the same wherin they offend they shall be punished euen with seruants faithlesse to plague their vntrustinesse for Qui violare fidem solet violetur eidem The yoong queene Philip was brought to bed at Woodstoke the 15 day of Iune of hir first sonne the which at the fontstone was named Edward and in processe of time came to great proofe of famous chiualrie as in this booke shall more plainelie appeare He was commonlie named when he came to ripe yeares prince Edward also surnamed the Blacke prince The sixtéenth day of Iulie chanced a great eclipse of the sunne and for the space of two moneths before and three moneths after there fell exceeding great raine so that through the great intemperancie of weather corne could not ripen by reason whereof in manie places they began not haruest till Michaelmas in some places they inned not their wheat till Alhallontide nor their pease till saint Andrews tide On Christmasse euen about the breake of day a maruellous sore and terrible wind came foorth of the west which ouerthrew houses and buildings ouerturned trees by the roots and did much hurt in diuerse places ¶ This yeare shortlie after Easter the king with the bishop of Winchester and the lord William Montacute hauing not past fifteene horsses in their companie passed the sea apparelled in clokes like to merchants he left his brother the earle of Cornewall his deputie gardian of the realme till his returne Moreouer he caused it to be proclaimed in London that he went ouer on pilgrimage and for none other purpose He returned before the later end of Aprill and then was there holden a turnie at Dertfort The mondaie after saint Matthews day in September the king held a solemne iusts in Cheapeside betwixt the great crosse and Soperlane he with 12 as chalengers answering all defendants that came This solemne iusts and turnie continued three daies The quéene with manie ladies being present at the same fell beside a stage but yet as good hap would they had no hurt by that fall to the reioising of manie that saw them in such danger and yet so luckilie to escape without harme ¶ Also in a parlement holden at Notingham about saint Lukes tide sir Roger Mortimer the earle of March was apprehended the seuenteenth day of October within the castell of Notingham where the king with the two queenes his mother and his wife and diuerse other were as then lodged And though the keies of the castell were dailie and nightlie in the custodie of the said earle of March and that his power was such as it was doubted how he might be arrested for he had as some writers affirme at that present in retinue nine score knights beside esquiers gentlemen and yeomen yet at length by the kings helpe the lord William Montacute the lord Humfrie de Bohun and his brother sir William the lord Rafe Stafford the lord Robert Ufford the lord William Clinton the lord Iohn Neuill of Hornbie and diuerse other which had accused the said earle of March for the murther of king Edward the
second found means by intelligence had with sir William de Eland constable of the castell of Notingham to take the said earle of March with his sonne the lord Roger or Geffrey Mortimer and sir Simon Bereford with other Sir Hugh Trumpington or Turrington as line 10 some copies haue that was one of his chéefest fréends with certeine other were slaine as they were about to resist against the lord Montacute and his companie in taking of the said earle The manner of his taking I passe ouer bicause of the diuersitie in report thereof by sundrie writers From Notingham he was sent vp to London with his sonne the lord Roger or Geffrey de Mortimer sir Simon Bereford and the other prisoners where they were committed to prison in the tower Shortlie after was a parlement line 20 called at Westminster chéefelie as was thought for reformation of things disordered through the misgouernance of the earle of March But whosoeuer was glad or sorie for the trouble of the said earle suerlie the queene mother tooke it most heauilie aboue all other as she that loued him more as the fame went than stood well with hir honour For as some write she was found to be with child by him They kept as it were house togither for the earle to haue his prouision the better cheape laid his penie line 30 with hirs so that hir takers serued him as well as they did hir both of vittels cariages Of which mis-vsage all regard to honour and estimation neglected euerie subiect spake shame For their manner of dealing tending to such euill purposes as they continuallie thought vpon could not be secret from the eies of the people And their offense héerein was so much the more heinous bicause they were persons of an extraordinarie degree and were the more narrowlie marked of the multitude or common people line 40 nam lux altissima fati Occultum nil esse sinit latebrásque per omnes Intrat obtrusos explorat fama recessus But now in this parlement holden at Westminster he was attainted of high treason expressed in fiue articles as in effect followeth 1 First he was charged that he had procured Edward of Carnaruan the kings father to be murthered in most heinous and tyrannous maner within the castell of Berklie 2 Secondlie that the Scots at Stanop parke line 50 through his means escaped 3 Thirdlie that he receiued at the hands of the lord Iames Dowglas at that time generall of the Scots great summes of monie to execute that treason and further to conclude the peace vpon such dishonorable couenants as was accorded with the Scots at the parlement of Northampton 4 Fourthlie that he had got into his hands a great part of the kings treasure and had wasted and line 60 consumed it 5 Fiftlie that he had impropried vnto him diuers wards that belonged vnto the king and had béene more priuie with queene Isabell the kings mother than stood either with Gods law or the kings pleasure These articles with other being prooued against him he was adiudged by authoritie of the parlement to suffer death and according therevnto vpon saint Andrewes eeuen next insuing he was at London drawne and hanged at the common place of execution called in those daies The elmes now Tiborne as in some bookes we find His bodie remained two daies and two nights on the gallowes and after taken downe was deliuered to the friers minors who buried him in their church the morrow after he was deliuered to them with great pompe and funerall exequies although afterwards he was taken vp and carried vnto Wigmore whereof he was lord He came not to his answer in iudgement no more than any other of the nobilitie had doone since the death of Thomas earle of Lancaster Sir Simon de Bereford knight that had béene one of the kings iustices was drawne also and hanged at London vpon S. Lucies daie In this parlement holden at Westminster the king tooke into his hand by aduise of the states there assembled all the possessions lands and reuenues that belonged to the quéene his mother she hauing assigned to hir a thousand pounds by yeare for the maintenance of hir estate being appointed to remaine in a certeine place and not to go elsewhere abroad yet the king to comfort hir would lightlie euerie yeare once come to visit hir ¶ After that the erle of March was executed as yée haue heard diuerse noble men that were departed the realme bicause they could not abide the pride and presumption of the said earle now returned as the sonne and heire of the earle of Arundell the lord Thomas Wake the L. Henrie Beaumont sir Thomas de Rosselin sir Foulke fitz Warren sir Griffin de la Poole and diuerse other In the fift yeare of K. Edwards reigne Edward Balioll came foorth of France into England and obteined such fauour through the assistance of the lord Henrie Beaumont the lord Dauid of Strabogie earle of Athole the lord Geffrey de Mowbraie the lord Walter Cumin and others that king Edward granted him licence to make his prouision in England to passe into Scotland with an armie of men to attempt the recouerie of his right to the crowne of Scotland with condition that if he recouered it he should acknowledge to hold it of the king of England as superiour lord of Scotland The comming awaie of Edward Balioll out of France is diuerslie reported by writers some saie that he was aided by the French king whose sister he had married and other saie that he being in prison in France for the escape of an Englishman one Iohn Barnabie esquier which had slaine a Frenchman by chance of quarelling in the towne of Dampierre where the same Barnabie dwelled with the said Edward Balioll so it came to passe that the lord Henrie Beaumont hauing occasion of businesse with the French king that fauoured him well came ouer to France and there vnderstanding of Baliols imprisonment procured his deliuerance and brought him ouer into England and caused him to remaine in secret wise at the manor of Sandhall vpon Ouse in Yorkeshire with the ladie Uesci◠till he had purchased the kings grant for him to make his prouision of men of war and ships within the English dominions In the sixt yeare of king Edwards reigne Reignold earle of Gelderland married the ladie Elianor sister to this king Edward the third who gaue vnto the said earle with hir for hir portion fifteene thousand pounds sterling ¶ Isabell the kings daughter was borne also this yeare at Woodstoke ¶ After that Edward Balioll had prepared and made readie his purueiances for his iournie and that his men of warre were assembled and come togither being in all not past fiue hundred men of armes and about two thousand archers and other footmen he tooke the sea at Rauenspurgh in Yorkeshire and from thence directing his course northward he
Repingale borne in Lincolneshire a Carmelite or white frier as they called them Christopher Mothusensis a blacke frier Richard Aungeruile borne in Suffolke who was bishop of Duresme and lord chancellor of England Iohn Manduith Walter Heminford a canon of Gisborne an historiographer Iohn Olnie borne in Glocestershire in an I le so called whereof he tooke his surname a Chartreux moonke Thomas Staueshaw a frier Minor in Bristow Robert of Leicester taking that surname of the towne where he was borne a Franciscane or graie frier Iohn of Northhampton borne in that towne and a Carmelite frier an excellent mathematician Adde to the foresaid learned men Robert Worsop borne in Yorkeshire and a blacke frier in Tickill William Bruniard a blacke frier Richard Chichester a moonke of Westminster wrote an excellent chronicle beginning the same at the comming in of the Saxons about the yeare of our Lord 449 and continued it till the yeare 1348 Richard Rolle alià s Hampole an excellent diuine wrote many treatises Iohn Guent a Welshman a Franciscane frier and prouinciall of the order Rodulph Radiptorius a frier Minor Robert Holcoth a blacke frier borne in Northampton excellentlie learned and wrote manie works both of diuinitie and other arguments William Miluerlie a logician or rather a sophister Iohn Teukesburie Thomas Bradwardin borne in Hartfield a towne within the diocesse of Chichester archbishop of Canturburie succeeding Iohn Offord he wrote against the Pelagians Richard Wetherset William Breton a graie frier a Welshman borne as Bale supposeth Iohn of saint Faith borne in Northfolke a Carmelite frier of Brumham Furthermore Iohn Goodwicke borne also in Northfolke an Augustine frier of Lin William Rothwell a blacke frier Geffrie Waterton moonke of Burie Richard Fitz Rafe whom some take to be an Irishman but a student in Oxford and scholer to Iohn Baconthrope profited highlie wrote manie treatises he was first archdeacon of Lichfield and after chancellor of the Uniuersitie of Oxford and at length archbishop of Ardmachan in Ireland Richard Kilington a doctor of diuinitie William Grisant a notable physician surnamed of the countrie where he was borne Anglicus he led the later end of his life at Marseilles in Prouance had a son that was abbat of the regular canons of that citie who at length was aduanced to gouerne the sée of Rome named Urbane the fift Iohn Paschall borne in Suffolke a Carmelite frier in Gippeswich and by K. Edward the third preferred to the bishoprike of Landaffe Adam Woodham a frier Minor Simon Henton a blacke frier William de Pagula of Iohn Wicliffe ye haue heard before Moreouer Geffrie 〈…〉 blacke 〈◊〉 of Leicesâ—eâ— William Bintham Roger Couâ—â—wey a Welshman borne in Counwey a grey â—rier Richard Billingham William Doroch a lawier Iohn Killingworth an excellent philosopher astronomer and physician William of Couentrie a â—rier Carmeâ—ite professed and borne in the same citie Ranâ—lfe Higden a moonke of Chester and borne in thâ—se parts an historiographer Iohn Eastwood alià s 〈◊〉 an excellent philosopher Thomas Ratclife borne in Leicester line 10 and an Augustine frier in Leicester towne Bartholomew Glanuille descended of noble parentage as of the linage of those Glanuilles that were sometimes earles of Suffolke as Bale faith Robert Computista a moonke of Burie Iohn Wilton a moonke of Westminster Simon Wichingham a frier Carmelite of Norwich Iohn Deir a northerne man borne a notable diuine Furthermore Simon Iâ—â—ep founder of Canturburie colledge in Oxenford wrote diuerse treatises line 20 he was archbishop of Canturburie as before yee haue heard George Chadley Iohn of Tinmouth vicar of that towne in the bishoprike of Durham Peter Babion Walter Wiborne or Wimborne Nicholas de Lin borne in the towne of that name in Northfolke a Carmelite frier by profession but as excellent an astronomer as was in those daies Iohn Ridington borne in Lincolneshire a frier minor in Stafford Adam a moonke of the Cisteaux order Roger Wihelpedale a mathematician Simon line 30 de Feuersham parson of Birton in Kent Matthew Westmonasterienses who wrote the booke called Flores historiarum Iohn Elin a Carmelite borne in Northfolke liued in these daies but departed this life in king Richard the seconds daies Thomas de Sturey an Augustine frier Sertorious Gualensis a Welshman borne To conclude Iohn Mandeuille knight that great traueller liued in those daies and departed this life at Liege the seuenteenth of Nouember in the yeare 1372. Thomas of Douer a moonke of the abbeie there Henrie Knighton wrote an historie â—ntituled De gestis Anglorum Iohn Stokes borne in Suffolke an Augustine frier Iohn Hornebie a frier Carmelite of Boston Henrie Bâ—â—â—rike or as other rather will of Burie an Augustine frier Simon Alcocke a diuine Utred Balton borne in the marches of Wales a moonke of Durham William Iordan an Augustine frier Iohn Hilton a frier minor William de Lincolne a Carmelite borne and professed in that citie whereof he tooke his surname Adam Saxlingham a frier of the same order but borne in Northfolke Simon Mepham a prebend of Chichester and a great diuine Iohn Bamton a Carmelite and student in Cambridge Iohn Wichingham a gray frier and diuerse other which for that we are not certeine in what age they liueâ— we here passe ouer Thus farre Edward the third sonne to Edward the second and queene Isabell. Richard the second the second sonne to Edward prince of Wales RIchard the second of that line 40 name and sonne to prince Edward called the blacke prince the sonne of king Edward the third a child of the age of eleuen yeares began to reigne ouer the realme of England the two and twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of the world 5344 of our Lord 1377 after the conquest 310 about the two and thirtith yeare of the emperour Charles the line 50 fourth and in the fouretéenth yeare of Charles the fift king of France and about the seuenth yeare of the reigne of Robert the second king of Scotland he was named Richard of Burdeaux bicause he was borne at Burdeaux in Gascoigne whilest his father ruled there The day before it was vnderstood that his grandfather king Edward was departed this life being the one and twentith of Iune on which daie neuerthelesse he deceassed the citizens of London hauing certeine knowledge that he could not escape his sicknesse sent certeine aldermen vnto Kingston where the prince with his mother the princesse then laie to declare vnto the said prince their readie good wils to accept him for their lawfull king and gouernour immediatlie after it should please God to call to his mercie his grandfather being now past hope of recouerie of health Wherefore they 〈…〉 line 10 and so were they sent home to bring a ioifull answer of their message to the citie The morrow after there were sent to London from the king the lord Latimer sir Nicholas Bond sir Simon Burlie sir Richard Adderâ—urie knights to bring them sorowfull newes of the assured
procéeded doctor he was also confessor to the duke of Lancaster and to his wife the duchesse Constance a great setter foorth of pope Urbans cause against the other popes that were by him line 30 and those of his faction named the antipapes Thomas Maldon so called of the towne of that name in Essex where he was borne Iohn Edo descended out of Wales by linage and borne in Herefordshire a Franciscane frier Adde to the forenamed Nicholas Fakingham borne in Norfolke a greie frier procéeded doctor in Oxenford a great diuine and an excellent philosopher prouinciall of his order here in England Laurence Holbecke a monke of Ramsie well séene in line 40 the Hebrue toong and wrote thereof a dictionarie Iohn Colton archbishop of Ardmach Iohn Marrie so called of a village in Yorkeshire where he was borne a Carmelite of Doncaster Richard Chefer borne in Norfolke a diuine and an Augustine frier in Norwich Iohn Lathburie a Franciscane frier of Reading Nicholas Poutz Richard Scroope brother to William Scroope lord treasuror of England studied in Cambridge and proceeded there doctor of both the lawes became an aduocat in the court line 50 of Rome and afterwards was aduanced to the gouernement of the see of Couentrie and Lichfield and at length was remooued from thence and made archbishop of Yorke he wrote an inuectiue against king Henrie and at length lost his head as before ye haue heard Iohn Wrotham a Carmelite frier of London and after made warden of an house of his order in Calis Furthermore Iohn Colbie a Carmelite frier of Norwich William Thorpe a northerne man borne line 60 and student in Oxenford an excellent diuine and an earnest follower of that famous clearke Iohn Wickliffe a notable preacher of the word and expressing his doctrine no lesse in trade of life than in speech he was at length apprehended by commandement of the archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Arundell and committed to prison in Saltwood castell where at length he died Stephan Patrington borne in Yorkeshire a frier Carmelite prouinciall of his order through England of which brood there were at that season 1500 within this land he was bishop of saint Dauids and confessor to king Henrie the fift about the fift yeare of whose reigne he deceassed Robert Mascall a Carmelite frier of Ludlow confessor also to the said K. who made him bishop of Hereford Reginald Langham a frier minor of Norwich Actonus Dominicanus Thomas Palmer warden of the Blacke friers within the citie of London Boston of Burie a monke of the abbeie of Burie in Suffolke wrote a catalog of all the writers of the church and other treatises Moreouer Thomas Peuerell a frier Carmelite borne in Suffolke he was aduanced to the see of Ossorie in Ireland by Richard the second and after by pope Boniface the ninth remooued to Landaffe in Wales and from thence called by Henrie the fourth with consent of pope Gregorie the twelfe to gouerne the sée of Worcester and so continued bishop of that citie vntill he ended his life in the yeare of our Lord 1418 which was about the sixt yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the fift Iohn Purueâ—e an excellent diuine procéeded master of art in Oxenford he was apprehended for such doctrine as he taught contrarie to the ordinances of the church of Rome and was at length compelled by Thomas Arundell archbishop of Canturburie to recant at Paules crosse seuen speciall articles he wrote diuerse treatises was the second time committed to prison in king Henrie the fift his daies by Henrie Chichleie that succeeded Arundell in gouernement of the church of Canturburie William Holme a greie frier and a good physician for curing diseases of the bodie whatsoeuer his physicke was for the soule he liued vntill Henrie the fift his daies and deceassed about the fourth yeare of his reigne Nicholas Baiard a blacke frier a doctor of diuinitie professed at Oxenford Thomas Rudburne archdeacon of Sudburie and bishop of saint Dauids in Wales succéeding after Stephan Patrington he wrote a chronicle and certeine epistles as Iohn Bale noteth Finallie and to conclude Nicholas Riston who being sore greeued in mind as diuerse other in those daies to consider what inconuenience redounded to the church by reason of the strife and bralling among the prelats for the acknowleging of a lawfull pope two or thrée still contending for that dignitie wrote a booke intituled De tollendo schismate Iohn Walter an excellent mathematician being first brought vp of a scholer in the college of Winchester and after studied at Oxenford Thomas of Newmarket taking that surname of the towne in Cambridgeshire where he was borne he for his worthinesse as was thought was made bishop of Careleill well séene both in other sciences and also in diuinitie William Auger a Franciscane frier of an house of that order in Bridgewater Peter Russell a graie frier and of his order the prouinciall héere in England Iohn Langton a Carmelite Robert Wanâ—ham a moonke of Cernelie in Dorsetshire wrote a booke in verse of the originall and signification of words William Norton a Franciscane frier of Couentrie Hugh Sueth a blacke frier and a great preacher Richard Folsham a moonke of Norwich Robert Wimbeldon a singular diuine and an excellent preacher as appeareth by the sermon which he made vpon this text Redde rationem villicationis tuae Thus farre Henrie Plantagenet sonne to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster Henrie the fift prince of Wales sonne and heire to Henrie the fourth HEnrie prince of Wales son and heire to K. Henrie the fourth borne in Wales at Monmouth on the riuer of Wie after his father was departed tooke vpon him the regiment of this realme of England the twentith of March the morrow after proclamed king by the name of Henrie the fift in line 10 the yeare of the world 5375 after the birth of our sauiour by our account 1413 the third of the emperor Sigismund the thrée and thirtith of Charles the sixt French king and in the seuenth yeare of gouernance in Scotland vnder Robert brother to him that before entrance into his kingdome 1390 had Iohn to name which by deuise and order of the states was changed into Robert the third who at Rotsaie a towne in the Iland of Got 1406 deceassed by occasion thus As vpon hope in this gouernor to himselfe line 20 conceiued how to come to the crowne he at the castell of Falkland latelie had famisht his coosine Dauid the kings elder sonne and heire a dissolute yoong prince yet to his fathers excéeding sorrow at whose deceasse the father verie carefull and casting for the safegard of Iames his yoonger son and heire from Basse the rocke in a well appointed ship vnder charge of Henrie Saintcleere earle of Orkeneie into France to his old fréend king Charles for good education and safetie this yoong prince he sent who in the line 30 course whether for tempest or tendernes of stomach tooke
the bastard Tremoile and manie other valiant capteins Wherefore sir Iohn Fastolfe set all his companie in good order of battell and pitched stakes before euerie archer to breake the force of the horssemen At their backes they set all the wagons and carriages and within them they tied all their horsses In this line 20 maner stood they still abiding the assault of their enimies The Frenchmen by reason of their great number thinking themselues sure of the victorie egerlie set on the Englishmen which with great force them receiued and themselues manfullie defended At length after long and cruell fight the Englishmen droue backe and vanquished the proud Frenchmen compelled them to flée In this conflict were slaine the lord William Steward constable of Scotland and his brother the lord Dorualle the lord Chateaubriam line 30 sir Iohn Basgot and other Frenchmen and Scots to the number of fiue and twentie hundred and aboue eleuen hundred taken prisoners although the French writers affirme the number lesse After this fortunate victorie sir Iohn Fastolfe and his companie hauing lost no one man of anie reputation with all their cariages vittels and prisoners marched foorth and came to the English campe before Orleance where they were ioifullie receiued and highlie commended for their valiancie and worthie line 40 prowesse shewed in the battell the which bicause most part of the cariage was herring and lenton stuffe the Frenchmen called it the battell of herrings The earle of Suffolke being thus vittelled continued the siege and euerie daie almost skirmished with the Frenchmen within who at length being in despaire of all succours offered to treat and in conclusion to saue themselues and the citie from captiuitie of their enimies they deuised to submit the citie themselues and all theirs vnder the obeisance of Philip duke of Burgognie bicause he was extract out of the stocke line 50 and bloud roiall of the ancient kings of France thinking by this means as they did in deed to breake or diminish the great amitie betwéene the Englishmen and him This offer was signified by them vnto the duke of Burgognie who with thanks certified them againe that he would gladlie receiue them if the lord regent would therewith be contented Herevpon he dispatched messengers to the duke of Bedford who though line 60 some counselled that it should be verie good and necessarie for him to agrée to that maner of yéelding yet he and other thought it neither conuenient nor honourable that a citie so long besieged by the king of England should be deliuered vnto anie other prince than to him or to his regent for that might be a verie bad president to other townes in anie like case Herevpon the regent answered the Burgognian ambassadors that after so long a siege on his part and obstinat a resistance of theirs he might not receiue rendring and conditions at their appointment At this answer the duke hoong the groine as conceiuing that our side should enuie his glorie or not to be so forward in aduancing his honour as he would haue it In time of this siege at Orleance French stories saie the first wéeke of March 1428 vnto Charles the Dolphin at Chinon as he was in verie great care and studie how to wrestle against the English nation by one Peter Badricourt capteine of Uacouleur made after marshall of France by the Dolphins creation was caried a 〈◊〉 wench of an eightéene yeeres old called Ione 〈◊〉 â—y name of hir father a sorie shéepheard Iames of Are and Isabell hir mother brought vp poorelie in their trade of kéeping cattell borne at Domprin therefore reported by Bale Ione Domprin vpon Meuse in Lorraine within the diocesse of Thoule Of fauour was she counted likesome of person stronglie made and manlie of courage great hardie and stout withall an vnderstander of counsels though she were not at them great semblance of chastitie both of bodie and behauiour the name of Iesus in hir mouth about all hir businesses humble obedient and fasting diuerse daies in the weeke A person as their bookes make hir raised vp by power diuine onelie for succour to the French estate then déepelie in distresse in whome for planting a credit the rather first the companie that toward the Dolphin did conduct hir through places all dangerous as holden by the English where she neuer was afore all the waie and by nightertale safelie did she lead then at the Dolphins sending by hir assignement from saint Katharins church of Fierbois in Touraine where she neuer had béene and knew not in a secret place there among old iron appointed she hir sword to be sought out and brought hir that with fiue floure delices was grauen on both sides wherewith she fought did manie slaughters by hir owne hands On warfar rode she in armour cap a pie mustered as a man before hir an ensigne all white wherin was Iesus Christ painted with a floure delice in his hand Unto the Dolphin into his gallerie when first she was brought and he shadowing himselfe behind setting other gaie lords before him to trie hir cunning from all the companie with a salutation that indeed marz all the matter she pickt him out alone who therevpon had hir to the end of the gallerie where she held him an houre in secret and priuate talke that of his priuie chamber was thought verie long and therefore would haue broken it off but he made them a signe to let hir saie on In which among other as likelie it was she setout vnto him the singular feats forsooth giuen hir to vnderstand by reuelation diuine that in vertue of that sword shée should atchiue which were how with honor and victorie shee would raise the siege at Orleance set him in state of the crowne of France and driue the English out of the countrie thereby he to inioie the kingdome alone Héerevpon he hartened at full appointed hir a sufficient armie with absolute power to lead them and they obedientlie to doo as she bad them Then fell she to worke and first defeated indéed the siege at Orleance by and by incouraged him to crowne himselfe king of France at Reims that a little before from the English she had woone Thus after pursued she manie bold enterprises to our great displeasure a two yeare togither for the time she kept in state vntill she were taken and for heresie and witcherie burned as in particularities hereafter followeth But in hir prime time she armed at all points like a iolie capteine roade from Poictiers to Blois and there found men of warre vittels and munition readie to be conueied to Orleance Héere was it knowne that the Englishmen kept not so diligent watch as they had beene accustomed to doo and therefore this maid with other French capteins comming forward in the dead time of the night and in a great raine and thunder entred into the citie with all their vittels artillerie
earle of Warwike which waited for his foorth comming on the Thames and suddenlie taken was shortlie slaine with manie darts daggers and his bodie left naked and all bloudie at the gate of the clinke and after was buried in the church adioining Then were diuerse persons apprehended and indited of treason wherof some were pardoned and some executed Thomas Thorpe second baron of the escheker was committed to the Tower where he remained long after for that he was knowne to be great fréend to the house of Lancaster ¶ When queene Margaret heard that the K. was taken she with hir sonne and eight persons fled to the castell of Hardlagh in Wales and was robbed by the waie in Lancashire of all hir goods to the value of ten thousand markes from thence she went into Scotland Thus you sée what fruits the trée of ciuill discord dooth bring foorth that euill tree which whilest some haue taken line 10 paine to plant and some to proine and nourish for others confusion to whome they haue giuen a taste of those apples which it bare far more bitter than coloquintida themselues haue béene forced to take such share as befell them by lot For as it is not possible that a cōmon fier whose heat flame is vniuersallie spred should spare any particular place for so should it not be generall no more is it likelie that in ciuill commotions rebellions insurrections and partakings in conflicts and pitched feelds speciallie vnder line 20 ringleaders of great countenance and personage such as be the péeres and states of kingdoms anie one should though perhaps his life yet a thousand to one not saue his bloud vnspilt nor his goods vnspoiled During this trouble a parlement was summoned to begin at Westminster in the moneth of October next following In the meane time the duke of Yorke aduertised of all these things sailed from Dubline towards England and landed at the red banke néere to the citie line 30 of Chester with no small companie and from Chester by long iournies he came to the citie of London which he entred the fridaie before the feast of S. Edward the Confessor with a sword borne naked before him with trumpets also sounding and accompanied with a great traine of men of armes and other of his fréends and seruants At his comming to Westminster he entred the palace and passing foorth directlie through the great hall staied not till he came to the chamber where the king and lords vsed to sit in line 40 the parlement time cōmonlie called the vpper house or chamber of the péeres and being there entred stept vp vnto the throne roiall and there laieng his hand vpon the cloth of estate seemed as if he meant to take possession of that which was his right for he held his hand so vpon that cloth a good pretie while and after withdrawing his hand turned his face towards the people beholding their preassing togither and marking what countenance they made Whilest he thus stood and beheld the people supposing they reioised to see his presence the archbishop line 50 of Canturburie Thomas Bourcher came to him after due salutations asked him if he would come and see the king With which demand he séeming to take disdaine answered bréefelie and in few words thus I remember not that I know anie within this realme but that it beséemeth him rather to come and sée my person than I to go and sée his The archbishop hearing his answer went backe to the king and declared what answer he had receiued of the dukes owne mouth After the archbishop was departed line 60 to the king that laie in the quéenes lodging the duke also departed and went to the most principall lodging that the king had within all his palace breaking vp the lockes and doores and so lodged himselfe therein more like to a king than a duke continuing in the same lodging for a time to the great indignation of manie that could not in anie wise like of such presumptuous attempts made by the duke to thrust himselfe in possession of the crowne and to depose king Henrie who had reigned ouer them so long a time Maister Edward Hall in his chronicle maketh mention of an oration which the duke of Yorke vttered sitting in the regall seat there in the chamber of the péeres either at this his first comming in amongst them or else at some one time after the which we haue thought good also to set downe though Iohn Whethamsted the abbat of saint Albons who liued in those daies and by all likelihood was there present at the parlement maketh no further recitall of anie words which the duke should vtter at that time in that his booke of records where he intreateth of this matter But for the oration as maister Hall hath written thereof we find as followeth ¶ During the time saith he of this parlement the duke of Yorke with a bold countenance entered into the chamber of the peeres and sat downe in the throne roiall vnder the cloth of estate which is the kings peculiar seat and in the presence of the nobilitie as well spirituall as temporall after a pause made he began to declare his title to the crowne in this forme and order as insueth The duke of Yorks oration made to the lords of the parlement MY singular good lords maruell not that I approch vnto this throne for I sit here as in the place to me by verie iustice lawfullie belonging here I rest as to whom this chaire of right apperteineth not as he which requireth of you fauour parcialitie or bearing but equall right friendlie indifferencie and true administration of iustice For I beeing the partie greeued and complainant can not minister to my selfe the medicine that should helpe me as expert leeches cunning surgians maie except you be to me both faithfull aiders also true councellors Nor yet this noble realme and our naturall countrie shall neuer be vnbuckled from hir dailie feuer except I as the principall physician and you as the true and trustie apothecaries consult togither in making of the potion and trie out the cleane and pure stuffe from the corrupt and putrified drugs For vndoubtedlie the root and bottome of this long festured canker is not yet extirpate nor the feeble foundation of this fallible building is not yet espied which hath beene and is the dailie destruction of the nobilitie and the continuall confusion of the poore communaltie of this realme and kingdome For all you know or should know that the high and mightie prince king Richard the second was the true and vndoubted heire to the valiant conqueror and renowmed prince king Edward the third as sonne heire to the hardie knight and couragious capteine Edward prince of Wales duke of Aquitaine and Cornewall eldest sonne to the said king Edward the third which king was not onelie in deed but also of all men reputed and taken for the
number of six hundred horsses was come on his waie to London-ward after secret méeting and communication had eftsoones departed Wherevpon at Northampton the duke met with the protector himselfe with thrée hundred horsses line 20 and from thense still continued with him partner of all his deuises till that after his coronation they departed as it séemed verie great fréends at Glocester From whense as soone as the duke came home he so lightlie turned from him and so highlie conspired against him that a man would maruell whereof the change grew And suerlie the occasion of their variance is of diuerse men diuerselie reported Some haue I heard say that the duke a little before line 30 his coronation among other things required of the protector the duke of Herefords lands to the which he pretended himselfe iust inheritor And forsomuch as the title which he claimed by inheritance was somwhat interlaced with the title to the crowne by the line of king Henrie before depriued the protector conceiued such indignation that he reiected the dukes request with manie spitefull and minatorie words Which so wounded his heart with hatred and mistrust that he neuer after could indure to looke line 40 aright on king Richard but euer feared his owne life so far foorth that when the protector rode through London toward his coronation he feined himselfe sicke bicause he would not ride with him And the other also taking it in euill part sent him word to rise and come ride or he would make him be caried Wherevpon he rode on with euill will and that notwithstanding on the morow rose from the feast feining himselfe sicke and king Richard said it was doone in hatred and despite of him line 50 And they said that euer after continuallie each of them liued in such hatred and distrust of other that the duke verelie looked to haue beene murthered at Glocester from which nathelesse he in faire maner departed But suerlie some right secret at that daie denie this and manie right wise men thinke it vnlikelie the déepe dissembling nature of both those men considered and what néed in that gréene world the protector had of the duke and in what perill the duke stood if he fell once in suspicion of the tyrant line 60 that either the protector would giue the duke occasion of displeasure or the duke the protector occasion of mistrust And verelie men thinke that if king Richard had anie such opinion conceiued he would neuer haue suffered him to escape his hands Uerie truth it is the duke was an high minded man and euill could beare the glorie of another so that I haue heard of some that say they saw it that the duke at such time as the crowne was first set vpon the protectors head his eie could not abide the sight thereof but wried his head another way But men say that he was of truth not well at ease and that both to king Richard well knowne and not euill taken nor anie demand of the dukes vncourteouslie reiected but he both with great gifts and high behests in most louing and trustie maner departed at Glocester But soone after his comming home to Brecknocke hauing there in his custodie by the commandement of king Richard doctor Morton bishop of Elie who as ye before heard was taken in the councell at the Tower waxed with him familiar whose wisedome abused his pride to his owne deliuerance and the dukes destruction The bishop was a man of great naturall wit verie well learned and honorable in behauior lacking no wise waies to win fauour He had béene fast vpon the part of king Henrie while that part was in wealth and nathelesse left it not nor forsooke it in wo but fled the realme with the queene the prince while king Edward had the king in prison neuer came home but to the field After which lost and that part vtterlie subdued the other for his fast faith and wisedome not onelie was content to receiue him but also wooed him to come and had him from thencefoorth both in secret trust and verie speciall fauour which he nothing deceiued For he being as yée haue heard after king Edwards death first taken by the tyrant for his truth to the king found the meane to set this duke in his top ioined gentlemen togither in the aid of king Henrie deuising first the mariage betwéene him king Edwards daughter by which his faith he declared the good seruice to both his masters at once with infinit benefit to the realme by the coniunction of those two blouds in one whose seuerall titles had long disquieted the land he fled the realme went to Rome neuer minding more to meddle with the world till the noble prince king Henrie the seuenth gat him home againe made him archbishop of Canturburie and chancellor of England wherevnto the pope ioined the honour of cardinall Thus liuing manie daies in as much honor as one man might well wish ended them so godlie that his death with Gods mercie well changed his life This man therefore as I was about to tell you by the long often alternate proofe as well of prosperitie as aduerse fortune had gotten by great experience the verie mother and mistresse of wisedome a déepe insight in politike worldlie drifts Whereby perceiuing now this duke glad to commune with him fed him with faire words and manie pleasant praises And perceiuing by the processe of their communications the dukes pride now and then belking out a little breath of enuie toward the glorie of the king and thereby feeling him easie to fall out if the matter were well handled he craftilie sought the waies to pricke him forward taking alwaies the occasion of his comming and so kéeping himselfe so close within his bounds that he rather séemed to follow him than to lead him For when the duke first began to praise and boast the king and shew how much profit the realme should take by his reigne my lord Morton answered thus Suerlie my lord follie were it for me to lie for if I would sweare the contrarie your lordship would not I weene beléeue but that if the world would haue gone as I would haue wished king Henries sonne had had the crowne and not king Edward But after that God had ordered him to léese it and king Edward to reigne I was neuer so mad that I would with a dead man striue against the quicke So was I to king Edward a faithfull chapleine glad would haue béene that his child had succéeded him Howbeit if the secret iudgment of God haue otherwise prouided I purpose not to spurne against a pricke nor labour to set vp that God pulleth downe And as for the late protector and now king And euen there he left saieng that he had alreadie medled too much with the world and would from that daie meddle with his booke and his beads and no further Then longed the duke sore to heare what he
libertie fearing to fall further in disgrace of the French king by whose practise it was supposed that Barnabie gaue him the fatall drinke This was but whispered secretlie the author being no lesse doubtfull than the coniectures vncerteine He died if we consider the common opinion of men in verie great glorie and felicitie not so much line 60 for that by the surprising of Millan he saw himselfe deliuered of dangers expenses intollerable which hauing drained him of all store of monie and treasure he was constreined to aduance all meanes and maners for his supplie and reléeuing but also that a verie few daies afore his death he receiued aduertisement of the taking of Plaisanca and the verie daie he died newes came to him of the winning of Parâ—a a matter so greatlie desired by him that at such time as he debated to mooue warre against the Frenchmen it is verie well remembred that he said vnto the cardinall de Medicis labouring to dissuade hiâ— that as he was in nothing more caried to the desiâ—e of that warre than to recouer to the church those two cities so when so euer God should blesse him with the effect of that desire it would not gréeue him to die He was a prince in whom were manie things worthie to be commended blamed and in the estate discourse of his life he deceiued greatlie the expectation that was had of him when he was created pope for that in his gouernement was great discretion but farre lesse bountie than was looked for After the death of the pope doctor Richard Pace was sent to Rome to make fréends in the behalfe of the cardinall of Yorke who was brought into a vaine hope thorough the kings fauour and furtherance to be elected pope But Adrian the sixt of that name was chosen before doctor Pace could come to Rome and so that sute was dashed ¶ This Adrian bishop of Derchuso after great contention in the college of cardinals touching the election of a new pope was preferred to the custome of lotting of voices in the conclaue without anie affection or parcialitie of voice he was of nation a Fleming in his youth hauing béene schoolemaister to Cesar and by his meane made cardinall vnder pope Leo did at that time gouerne Spaine in the absence of Cesar. And as there began some voices to publish for him so cardinall Xisto one of that election began vnder an oration speciall to recount and amplifie his vertues and knowledge by whose example certeine other cardinals yeelded and the residue from hand to hand followed though more by constraint than councell Thus was he chosen with the voices of all the cardinals and had his creation perfected the same morning Wherein this was to be woondered at that euen those that had elected him could giue no reason why amid so manie troubles dangers in the estate ecclesiastike they had raised to the souereigne sée a stranger a forrener and of long absence out of the countrie wherin were helping no respects of fauor no consideration of former merits nor anie conuersation had with anie of the other cardinals yea they scarselie knew his name he had neuer béene in Italie and had no hope nor cogitation to see it of which strauagant maner of dealing being not able to excuse themselues they attributed all to the working of the Holie-ghost who is woont for so they alleged to inspire the hearts of the cardinals in the electing of popes he receiued newes of his election in the towne of Uictoria in Biskaie and would not haue imposed vpon him anie other name than his owne which he caused to be published vnder Adrian the sixt Now he made his entrie into Rome the nine and twentith of August with a great concourse of the commons and the whole court of whome albeit his comming was desired with an vniuersall gladnesse for that without the presence forsooth of the popes Rome beareth more a resemblance of a sauage desart than of a citie yet that spectacle wrought sundrie impressions and diuersities of thoughts in the minds of all men when they considered that they had a pope for nation and language a stranger and for the affaires of Italie and the court altogither vnexperienced and also for that he was not of those regions and countries who by long conuersation were alreadie made familiar with the customes of Italie The enuie that stirred vp in men this consideration was redoubled by the accident of the plague which beginning in Rome at his arriuall afflicted the citie during the whole season of Autumne to the great calamitie and losse of the people a matter which in the fansies of men was construed to an euill prognostication of his pontificacie Nowithstanding this election of Adrian as you heare accomplished yet doctor Pace kept his iournie according to his commission This Pace was a right worthie man and one that gaue in counsell faithfull aduise Learned he was also and indued with many excellent good gifts of nature courteous pleasant and delighting in musike highlie in the kings fauour and well heard in matters of weight But the more the prince fauoured him the more was he misliked of the cardinall who sought onelie to beare all the rule himselfe and to haue no partener so that he procured that this doctor Pace vnder color of ambassage should be sent foorth of the realme that his presence about the king should not win him too much authoritie and fauour at the kings hands line 10 This yeare was a great death in London and other places of the realme Manie men of honour and great worship died and amongest other the bishop of London doctor Fitz Iames in whose place was doctor Tunstall elected The earle of Surrie returned out of Ireland and came to the court the fiue and twentith of Ianuarie Manie complaints were made by the merchants to the king and his councell of the Frenchmen year 1523 which spoiled them by sea of their goods For by reason that the wars were open betwixt the line 20 emperour and the French king manie ships of warre were abroad on both parts and now and then the Englishmen fell into their hands and were vsed as enimies namelie by the Frenchmen which naturallie hated the Englishmen The French kings ambassadors promised restitution of euerie thing but little was restored In this moneth of Ianuarie therefore the king commanded all his ships to be rigged and made readie which was doone with all diligence line 30 On the second daie of Februarie the king as then being at Gréenewich receiued a bull from the pope whereby he was declared Defendor of the Christian faith likewise his successors for euer The cardinall of Yorke sang the high masse that daie with all the pompous solemnitie that might be and gaue cleane râ—mission of sinnes to all that heard it This title was ascribed vnto the king bicause he had written a booke against Luther in Germanie
probats of testaments and mortuaries which billes were so reasonable that the spirituall lords assented to them all though they were sore against there mindes in especiall the probats of testaments sore displeased the bishops and the mortuaries sore displeased the parsons and vicars After these acts thus agréed the commons made another act for pluralities of benefices non residence bieng selling and taking of farmes by spirituall persons Which act so displeased the spiritualtie that the priests railed on the commons of the common house and called them heretikes and schismatikes for the which diuerse priests were punished This act was sore debated aboue in the parlement chamber and the lords spirituall would in no wise consent Wherefore the king perceiuing the grudge of his commons caused eight lords and eight of his commons to méet in the Star chamber at an after noone and there was sore debating of the cause in somuch that the temporall lords of the vpper house which were there tooke part with the commons against the spirituall lords and by force of reason caused them to assent to the bill with a little qualifieng Which bill the next daie was wholie agreed to in the lords house to the great reioising of the laie people and to the great displeasure of the spirituall persons During this parlement was brought downe to the commons the booke of articles which the lords had put to the king against the cardinall the chiefe wherof were these 1 First that he without the kings assent had procured to be a legat by reason whereof he tooke awaie the right of all bishops and spirituall persons 2 Item in all writings which he wrote to Rome or anie other forren prince he wrote Ego rex meus I and my king as who would saie that the king were his seruant 3 Item that he hath slandered the church of England in the court of Rome For his suggestion to be legat was to reforme the church of England which as he wrote was Facta in reprobum sensum 4 Item he without the kings assent carried the kings great seale with him into Flanders when he was sent ambassador to the emperour 5 Item he without the kings assent sent a commission to sir Gregorie de Cassado knight to conclude a league betwéene the king the duke of Ferrar without the kings knowledge 6 Item that he hauing the French pockes presumed to come and breath on the king 7 Item that he caused the cardinals hat to be put on the kings coine 8 Item that he would not suffer the kings clerke of the market to sit at saint Albons 9 Item that he had sent innumerable substance to Rome for the obteining of his dignities to the great impouerishment of the realme These articles with manie more read in the common house and signed with the cardinals hand was confessed by him And also there was shewed a writing sealed with his seale by the which he gaue to the king all his mooueables and vnmooueables On the daie of the Conception of our ladie the king at Yorke place at Westminster in the parlement time created the vicount Rochford erle of Wilshire and the vicount Fitz Water was created earle of Sussex and the lord Hastings was created earle of Huntington When all things were concluded in the parlement house the king came to the parlement chamber the 17 daie of December and there put his roiall assent to all things doone by the lords and commons and so proroged his court of parlement till the next yeare After the parlement was thus ended the king remooued to Gréenewich and there kept his Christmasse with the queene in great triumph with great plentie of viands and diuerse disguisings and enterludes to the great reioising of his people The king which all this while since the doubt was mooued touching his marriage absteined from the quéenes bed was now aduertised by his ambassadors whom he had sent to diuerse vniuersities for the absoluing of his doubt that the said vniuersities were agreed and cléerelie concluded that the one brother might not by Gods law marrie the other brothers wife carnallie knowen by the first marriage that neither the pope nor the court of Rome could in anie wise dispense with the same For ye must vnderstand that amongst other things alleged for disproofe of the mariage to be lawfull euidence was giuen of certeine words which prince Arthur spake the morrow after he was first married to the quéene whereby it was gathered that he knew hir carnallie the night then passed The words were these as we find them in the chronicle of master Edward Hall In the morning after he was risen from the bed in which he had laine with hir all night he called for drinke which he before time was not accustomed to line 10 doo At which thing one of his chamberleines maruelling required the cause of his drought To whome he answered merilie saieng I haue this night béene in the middest of Spaine which is a hot region and that iournie maketh me so drie and if thou haddest beene vnder that hot climat thou wouldest haue béene drier than I. Againe it was alleged that after the death of prince Arthur the king was deferred from the title and creation of prince of Wales almost halfe a yeare which thing could not haue béene line 20 doubted if she had not béene carnallie knowen Also she hir selfe caused a bull to be purchased in the which were these words Velforsan cognitam that is and peraduenture carnallie knowen which words were not in the first bull granted by pope Iulie at hir second mariage to the king which second bull with that clause was onelie purchased to dispense with the second matrimonie although there were carnall copulation before which bull néeded not to haue béene purchased if there had béene no carnall copulation for line 30 then the first bull had béene sufficient To conclude when these other matters were laid foorth to prooue that which she denied the carnall copulation betwixt hir and prince Arthur hir counsellors left that matter and fell to persuasions of naturall reason And lastlie when nothing else would serue they stood stiffe in the appeale to the pope and in the dispensation purchased from the court of Rome so that the matter was thus shifted off and no end likelie to be had line 40 therein The king therefore vnderstanding now that the emperour and the pope were appointed to méet at the citie of Bononie alià s Bologna where the emperour should be crowned sent thither in ambassage from him the earle of Wilshire doctor Stokâ—sleie elected bishop of London and his almoner doctor Edward Lée to declare both vnto the pope and emperour the law of God the determinations of vniuersities in the case of his mariage and to require the pope to doo iustice according to truth and also to shew to the line 50 emperour that the king did mooue this matter onelie for discharge of
safetie in our sauiour Iesu Christ which is the verie true safetie Where of late there is risen a great controuersie of great difficultie vpon the marriage betweene the most noble Henrie the eight king of England defendor of the faith and lord of Ireland c and the noble ladie Katharine quéene of England daughter to the catholike king Ferdinand which marriage was not onelie contract betwéene hir and hir former husband but also consummate and finished by carnall intermedling This question also was proposed to vs to discusse and examine according to iustice and truth that is to saie Whether to marrie hir that one brother dead without children hath left being so prohibited by the law of God and nature that it can not be lawfull by the popes dispensation that any christian man shuld marrie the wife that his brother hath left We the foresaid deane and facultie calling to our remembrance how vertuous and how holie a thing and how agréeable to our profession vnto our dutie of loue and charitie it is for vs to shew the waie of iustice and right of vertue and honestie to them which desire to lead and passe ouer their life in the law of our Lord with suâ—e and quiet conscience could not but be readie to satisfie so honest and iust requests wherevpon after our old woont we came togither vpon our oth in the church of S. Maturine and there for the same cause had a solemne masse with deuout praier to the Holie-ghost And also we tooke an oth euerie man to deliuer and to studie vpon the foresaid question as should be to the pleasure of God according to conscience And after diuerse manie sessions or sittings which were had and continued in the church of saint Maturine and also in the college called Sorbon from the eight daie of Iune to the second daie of Iulie when we had searched and examined through and through with as much diligence as we could and with such reuerence and religion or conscience as becommeth in such a matter â—oth the bookes of holie scripture and also the most approoued interpretors of the same finallie the generall and synodall councels decrées and constitutions of the sacre and holie church which by long custome hath béene receiued and approbate We the foresaid deane and facultie disputing vpon the foresaid question and making answer to the same and that after the iudgement and full consent of the most part of the said facultie haue concluded and determined that the foresaid marriage with the brothers wife departing without children be so forbidden both by the law of God of nature that the pope hath no power to dispense with such mariages whether they be contract or to be contract And for credence beléefe and witnesse of this our assertion and determination we haue caused the seale of our facultie with our notaries signe to be put vnto this present writing Dated in our generall congregation that we kéepe by an oth at saint Maturines the yeare of our Lord 1530 the second daie of Iulie The determination of the vniuersitie of Burges in Berrie or Biturs WE the deane and facultie of diuinitie in the vniuersitie of Burges bicause we will doo according to the example of S. Paule doctor of the gentiles which dooth likewise will begin our writing with praier for all the belooued of God among whome you most deare readers vnto whome we write be called grace peace and quietnesse of conscience come to you from God the father and from our Lord Iesu Christ. While we were gathered together all into one place in the octaues of Whitsuntide both in bodie and mind and were sitting in the house of the said deane there was a question put to vs againe which had beene proposed to vs oftentimes before being no small question which was this Whether the brother taking the wife of his brother now dead and the marriage once consummate and perfect dooth a thing vnlawfull or no At the last when we had sought for the truth of the thing and had perceiued and found it out by much labour line 10 and studie of euerie one of vs by himselfe and by much and often turning of holie bookes euerie one of vs not corrupt whereby we might the lesse obeie the truth began as the holie ghost did put in his mind to giue euerie man one arbitrement and sentence which was this I haue well perceiued in verie truth without regard or respect of anie person that those persons which be rehearsed in the 18 chapter of the Leuiticall law be forbidden by the verie law of nature to contract matrimonie togither and line 20 that this law can in no wise be released by anie authoritie of anie man by the which there is made an abhominable discouering of his brothers foulenesse And this is the signe of our common bedell or notarie and the seale of our foresaid facultie put vnto this present writing the 10 daie of Iune in the yeare of our Lord 1530. And bicause the foot of our writing shall be of one forme and fashion with the head as we began with praier so let vs end after the example of S. Paule that we spake of before and saie line 30 the grace and fauour of our Lord Iesu Christ the charitie and loue of God and the communication of the holie ghost be with you all Amen The determination of the diuines in the popes vniuersitie of Bononie GOD best and mightiest taught first the old law and testament with his owne mouth to forme and fashion according to loue and charitie the maners line 40 and life of men And secondarilie the same God did take afterwards manhood vpon him for to be the redéemer of man and so made the new law or new testament not onlie to forme and fashion according to loue and charitie the life and maners of men but also to take awaie and to declare doubts the which did arise in manie cases which when they be once cléerelie determined shall helpe greatlie to perfect vertue and goodnesse that is to saie to perfect loue and charitie line 50 Wherefore we thought it euermore that it should be our part to follow these most holie doctrines and lawes of our father of heauen and that we lightned by the light of God aboue of the holie ghost should giue our sentence and iudgement in high and doubtfull matters after that we haue once leisurelie and sufficientlie taken aduisement vpon the cause and haue cleerelie searched out and opened the thing by many reasons and writings of holie fathers as well for the one part as for the other dooing nothing as line 60 néere as we can rashlie or without deliberation Therefore where certeine great and noble men did instantlie desire vs that we would with all diligence possible looke for this case that after insueth afterwards to giue our iudgement vpon the same according to most equitie right and conscience sticking onelie to the truth All the
Meinthorne Walter Holiburton Richard Hanganside Andrew Car Iames Dowglas of Cauers Iames Car of Mersington George Hoppringle William Ormeston of Enmerden Iohn Grimstow Manie more there were beside but ouerpassed by maister Patten for that they remained in the register with these as he saith The duke of Summerset tendred the furtherance of the worke so much that he forbare not to laie his owne hand to the spade and shouell thereby to incourage others so as there were but few lords knights and gentlemen in the field but with spade shouell or mattocke did therein their parts The fiue and twentith of September being sundaie the Scots began to bring vittels to the campe were so well intreated and paied for the same that during the time of the Englishmens abode there they wanted not of the commodities which their countrie could minister The eight and twentith of September a Scotish herald accompanied with certeine Frenchmen that were perchance more desirous to marke the armie than to wit of their welfare came and declared that within a seauen-night after their commissioners to whome safe conduct had béene granted should come and commune with our councell at Berwike whose comming the earle of Warwike and sir Rafe Sadler with other the commissioners appointed did so long while there abide But what the Scots ment by breaking promise I cannot saie howbeit come they did not therfore escaped not the iust note of dissimulation howsoeuer else they could colour the matter in their owne excuse The same daie after noone the duke of Summerset adorned with titles of dignitie diuerse lords knights and gentlemen the names and promotions of whom master Patten hath set downe out of the heralds booke as followeth Sir Rafe Sadler treasuror sir Francis Brian capteine of the light horssemen sir Rafe Uane lieutenant of all the horssemen these knights were made banerets a dignitie aboue a knight and next to a baron The lord Greie of Wilton high marshall the lord Edward Seimer the duke of Summersets son the lord Thomas Howard the lord Waldike a Cleuelander sir Thomas Dacres sir Edward Hastings sir Edmund Bridges sir Iohn Thin sir Miles Patridge sir Iohn Conweie sir Giles Poole sir Rafe Bagnoll sir Oliuer Laurence sir Henrie Gates sir Thomas Chaloner sir Francis Fleming master of the ordinance sir Iohn Gresham sir William Skipwith sir Iohn Buts sir George Blaag sir William Francis sir Francis Knolles sir William Thornburrow sir George Howard sir Iames Wilford sir Rafe Coppinger sir Thomas Wentworth sir Iohn Meruen sir Nicholas Strange sir Charles Sturton sir Hugh Askue sir Francis Salmin sir Richard Tounleie sir Marmaduke Conestable sir George Audleie sir Iohn Holcroft sir Iohn Southworth sir Thomas Danbie sir Iohn Talbot sir Rowland Clarke sir Iohn Horsleie sir Iohn Forster sir Christopher Dies sir Peter Negro sir Alanzo de Uile sir Henrie Husseie sir Iames Granado Brabander sir Walter Bonham sir Robert Brandling maior of Newcastell and made knight there at the duke of Summersets returne But now that Rockesburgh was sufficientlie made defensible the which to sée it séemed the duke of Summerset had vowed before he would thence depart his grace and the councell did first determine that my lord Greie should remaine vpon the borders there as the kings lieutenant and then tooke order for the forts that sir Andrew Dudleie capteine of Broughticrag had left with two hundred soldiers of harquebutters others and a sufficient number of pioners for his works sir Edward Dudleie capteine of Hume castell threescore harquebutters fortie horssemen and a hundred pioners sir Rafe Bulmer capteine of Rockesburgh thrée hundred soldiers of harquebutters and others and two hundred pioners As things were thus concluded and warning giuen ouer night on this wednesdaie being Michaelmasse euen on the next morrow being Michaelmasse daie euerie man fell to packing apase and got them homewards passing ouer the Twéed there with some trouble and danger also by reason of raine that latelie fell before had raised the streame line 10 which being swift of it selfe and the chanell vneuen in the bottome with great stones made the passage cumbersome so that manie as well horssemen as footmen were in no small perill as they passed thorough and one or two drowned and manie cariages ouerthrowne and in great hazzard of losing The duke of Summerset rode streight to Newcastell and thence homewards The earle of Warwike my lord Greie and sir Rafe Sadler with diuerse other rode to Berwike to abide the comming line 20 of the Scotish commissioners In the meane time of their tarieng there the earle of Warwike made sir knights sir Thomas Neuill the lord Neuils brother sir Andrew Corbet sir Anthonie Strelleie sir Arthur Manering sir Richard Uerneie sir Iohn Berteuille After that the earle of Warwike had taried for the comming of the Scots the full terme of the appointment which was vntill the fourth of October and perceiued they came not the next daie he departed homewards Here ye haue to vnderstand also that in part of line 30 the meane time whilest the duke of Summerset was in dooing of these exploits in Scotland as ye haue heard rehearsed the earle of Lenox and the lord Wharton warden of the west marches with an armie of fiue thousand men entred Scotland on that side and first passing two miles after a daie and a nights defense they wan the church of Annan tooke seuentie two prisoners kéepers of the same burnt the spoile for cumber of cariage and caused the church to be blowen vp with powder passing thence a sixtéene line 40 miles within the land they wan the castell of Milke the which they left furnished with munition and men and so returned But of this ye shall find more in the historie of Scotland by the sufferance of God where we intreat of the dooings there in this yeare Thus much haue I collected out of master Pattens booke or rather exemplified the same not much digressing from his owne words except where I haue line 50 bin forced to abridge his worke in some places wishing to haue inserted the whole if the purpose of this volume would haue so permitted as well for the full vnderstanding of euerie particular point by him remembred as also for his pleasant and apt maâ—er of penning the same Whilest the lord protector was abrode thus in wars against the Scots the lords of the councell that remained at home chiefelie by the good and diligent calling on and furtherance of the archbishop of Canturburie and others of the cleargie line 60 tooke order for the aduancement of religion causing the bookes of homilies and the paraphrase of Erasmus to be set foorth and had in churches At the comming backe of the lord protector from his iourneie into Scotland the citizens of London determined to haue receiued him with great triumph but he hearing thereof forbad them in anie wise so to doo for
approching towards them sent vnto them the kings maiesties proclamation the effect whereof was that all such persons as were vnlawfullie assembled and did not within thrée daies next after the proclaming thereof yéeld and submit themselues to the lord priuie seale the kings lieutenant they should from thenceforth be déemed accepted and taken for rebels against his roiall person and his imperiall crowne and dignitie And further the kings maiestie for a more terrour to the rebels and the incouragement of such other his louing subiects as should helpe and aid to apprehend anie of the said rebels he by his said proclamation granted and gaue all the offices fées goods and possessions which the said rebels had at and before their apprehension This proclamation notwithstanding the rebels continued in their wicked deuises traitorous purposes hastening to the hazzards of their owne deaths vndooings as the poet saith of the foolish fish swiming to the hidden hooke Occultum visus decurrere piscis ad hamum Wherevpon yet once againe the kings maiestie for the auoiding of the shedding of christian bloud sent vnto them a most gentle and louing message in writing thereby to reduce them againe to their dutifull obedience but all would not serue nor auaile to mooue their obstinate minds to leaue off their desperate and diuelish enterprise The message was as followeth The kings message to the rebels of Cornewall and Deuonshire ALthough knowledge hath beene giuen to vs and our deerest vncle the duke of Summerset gouernor of our person and protector of all our realms dominions and subiects and to the rest of our priuie councell of diuerse assemblies made by you which ought of dutie to be our louing subiects against all order of law and otherwise than euer anie louing or kind subiects haue attempted against their naturall and liege souereigne lord yet we haue thought it méet at this verie first time not to condemne and reiect you as we might iustlie doo but to vse you as our subiects thinking that the diuell hath not that power in you to make you of naturall borne Englishmen so suddenlie to become enimies to your owne natiue countrie of our subiects to make you traitors or vnder pretense to relieue your selues to destroie your selues your wiues children lands possessions and all other commodities of this your life This we saie that we trust that although ye be ignorantlie seduced ye will not be vpon knowledge obstinate And though some amongst you as euer there is some cockle amongst good corne forget God neglect line 10 their prince estéeme not the state of the realme but as carelesse desperat men delite in sedition tumults wars yet neuerthelesse the greater part of you will heare the voice of vs your naturall prince and will by wisedome and counsell be warned and cease your euils in the beginning whose ends will be euen by God almighties order your owne destruction Wherfore as to you our subiects by ignorance seduced we speake and be content to vse our princelie authoritie like a father to his children to admonish line 20 you of your faults not to punish them to put you in remembrance of your duties not to auenge your forgetfulnesse First your disorder to rise in multitudes to assemble your selues against our other louing subiects to arraie your selues to the war who amongst you all can answer for the same to almightie God charging you to obeie vs in all things Or how can anie English good hart answer vs our lawes and the rest of our verie louing and faithfull subiects who in deed by their obedience make our line 30 honour estate and degrée Ye vse our name in your writings and abuse the same against our selfe What iniurie herein doo you vs to call those which loue vs to your euill purposes by the authoritie of our name God hath made vs your king by his ordinance and prouidence by our bloud and inheritance by lawfull succession and our coronation but not to this end as you vse our name We are your most naturall souereigne lord king Edward the sixt to rule you to preserue you to saue line 40 you from all your outward enimies to sée our lawes well ministred euerie man to haue his owne to suppresse disordered people to correct traitors théeues pirats robbers such like yea to keepe our realms from other princes from the malice of the Scots of Frenchmen of the bishop of Rome Thus good subiects our name is written thus it is honored and obeied this maiestie it hath by Gods ordinance not by mans So that of this your offense we cannot write too much And yet doubt not but this is inough line 50 from a prince to all reasonable people from a roiall king to all kindharted louing subiects frō the puissant K. of England to euerie naturall Englishman Your pretense which you saie moueth you to doo thus and wherewith you séeke to excuse this disorder we assure you is either false or so vaine that we doubt not that after that ye shall hereby vnderstand the truth thereof ye will all with one voice acknowlege your selues ignorantlie led and by errour seduced And if there be anie one that will not then assure line 60 you the same be ranke traitors enimies of our crowne seditious people heretikes papists or such as care not what cause they haue to prouoke an insurrection so they may doo it nor in deed can wax so rich with their owne labors with peace as they can doo with spoiles with wars with robberies and such like yea with the spoile of your owne goods with the liuing of your labors the sweat of your bodies the food of your owne households wiues and children such they be as for a time vse pleasant persuasions to you and in the end will cut your throtes for your owne goods You be borne in hand that your children though necessitie chance shall not be christened but vpon the holie daies how false this is learne you of vs. Our booke which we haue set foorth by free consent of our whole parlement in the English toong teacheth you the contrarie euen in the first leafe yea the first side of the first leafe of that part which intreateth of baptisme Good subiects for to other we speake not looke be not deceiued They which haue put this false opinion into your eares they meane not the christening of children but the destruction of you our christened subiects Be this knowne vnto you that our honor is so much that we may not be found faultie of one iote or word proue it if by our laws you may not christen your children when ye be disposed vpon necessitie euerie daie or houre in the wéeke then might you be offended but seeing you may doo it how can you beléeue them that teach you the contrarie What thinke you they meane in the rest which moue you to breake your obedience against vs your king souereigne
which I suppose is this Nigellus de Oilie the conestable as I before said Robert de Oilie sonne of the said Nigellus did succéed his father and was as may appeare by some authors who tearme him accordinglie great constable of England This man together with his wife Edith were the founders of the religious house of Osneie touching whome I shall not greeue to set downe what I haue gathered out of Leland and others This Edith obteined of hir husband to build a church in the I le of Osneie in Oxfordshire to our sauiour Christ about the yeare of our redemption 1129 being about the nine and twentith yeare of king Henrie the first which church did after grow to be of great renowme and building the occasion of building whereof is set downe by others in this sort Edith being in great estimation with Henrie first married the said Robert de Oilie by the kings procurement which Robert began the priorie of the blacke chanons of Osneie by Oxford amongst the Iles made by the riuer of Isis or Owse This Edith vsed oftentimes to walke out of Oxford castell with hir gentlewomen for to solace and recreate hir selfe At what time at a certeine place as often as she came by the same certeine pies assembled themselues in a tree where they chattered and as it were spake vnto hir This ladie much maruelling at the matter happening so continuallie at one time in one place after one order and with one maner of foules was manie times astonished and feared therewith esteeming it a verie strange woonder Whervpon she sent for one Radulph or Rafe a chanon of saint Frediswide in Oxford a man of vertuous life hir confessor asking his counsell vpon the same To whom he answered after that he had séene the order of those pies onelie chattering at hir comming thither that she should build some church or monasterie in that place Wherevpon she intreated hir husband to build a priorie and so he did making that Radulph the first prior of that house All which matter that is the comming of Edith to Osneie Radulph wating on hir and the trée with the pies were all extant at the generall dissolution of the abbeies in the time of Henrie the eight to be séene painted on the north side of the high altar in the arch of the wall ouer Ediths toome in Osneie priorie vpon which toome there laie a stone image of Edith in the habit of a vowesse holding a hart in hir right hand This Robert de Oilie was buried in Osneie in the verie middle of the presbiterie vnder a flat marble stone wherevpon was a flowred crosse portraid which Robert had issue Henrie de Oilie baron of Hochnorton the kings conestable which maried Margerie the daughter of Humfreie de Bohune by whome that Henrie had issue Henrie de Oilie baron of Hochnorton and the kings conestable which died without issue Thus this much by waie of digression touching the conestables of England left out in my former discourse of those officers And so againe to the protectors Katharine the daughter of Ferdinando king of Spaine and wife to king Henrie the eight was in the absence of the said king beyond the seas in the the warres of Turwine and Turneie made regent of the realme in the yeare of Christ 1513 and the fift yeare of king Henrie the eight she had béene the widow of Arthur prince of Wales eldest sonne vnto king Henrie the seauenth and eldest brother to king Henrie the eight who after the death of that Arthur was by dispensation of the pope married to Henrie after king by the name of Henrie the eight being yoonger brother of the said Arthur from which king Henrie she was afterward not onelie diuorsed in the one and twentith of his reigne being the yeare of Christ 1529 but after by parlement also in the foure and twentith of the kings reigne in the yeare of Christ 1532 disgraded from the name of quéene and from thensefoorth appointed onlie to be called the line 10 princesse dowager of prince Arthur about fiue yeers after which she died on the eight of Ianuarie being the yeare of our redemption 1535 which was the seauen and twentith yeare of king Henrie the eight and was honourablie buried in the abbeie of Peterborow for which cause afterward in the generall dissolution of the abbeies when all those houses were spoiled this abbeie was not onelie for hir buriall there spared and not defaced but also further honored with a greater title and turned into a bishoprike by line 20 the said king Henrie the eight Katharine Par the daughter of sir Thomas Par lord of Kirkbie Kendall and wife to king Henrie the eight was by patent made protectresse of the realme of England when king Henrie the eight went in person to the wars of Bullongne on the thirtéenth of Iulie in the yeare of our redemption 1544 being the six thirtith yeare of the triumphant reigne of the said king This ladie Katharine being the lord Latimers widow was maried to the king line 30 at Hampton court one the twelfe of Iulie being the fiue and thirtith yeare of his reigne and the yeare of Christ 1543 who hauing no issue by the king was after the kings death married to Thomas Seimer knight lord Seimer of Sudleie and high admerall of England Edward Seimer knight vicount Beauchampe earle of Hertford after duke of Summerset was protector of the kings person and of the kingdome in the first yeare of king Edward the sixt his nephue line 40 which was in the yeare of our redemption 1546 the king being then but nine yeares old Of this man is more spoken in my following discourse of all the dukes of England by creation or descent since the conquest with which duke of Summerset the last in office of protectorship Francis Thin knitteth vp this simple discourse of the protectors of England of the kings person ¶ On the 17 of Februarie on which daie were line 50 receiued the bookes of the reliefe of all the wards of London towards the new hospitals by the kings commissioners the councell dined at maister Coopers the shiriffe and after dinner maister Thomas Curteis alderman came thither to speake with the lord chancellor for a matter he had depending afore him in the chancerie but for his misdemeanour in words and signes to the lord chancellor at that time the said maister Curteis was committed to ward in the Fléet The six and twentith of Februarie sir line 60 Rafe Uane and sir Miles Patridge were hanged on the tower hill sir Michaell Stanhope with sir Thomas Arundell were beheaded there The last of Aprill through negligence of the gunpowder makers a certeine house néere the tower of London with thrée last of powder was blowne vp and burnt the gunpowder makers being fiftéene in number were all slaine The sixtéenth of Maie was a goodlie muster of horssemen made before the king in the parke
said they ye shall haue them or we will throw them line 20 into the bottome of the sea But the capteins said foorthwith that they would serue quéene Marie willinglie and so brought foorth their men and conueied with them their great ordinance Of the comming of these ships the ladie Marie was woonderfull ioious afterward doubted little the dukes puissance but when newes thereof was brought to the tower each man there began to draw backward and ouer that word of a greater mischeefe was brought to the tower that is to saie that the noblemens tenants line 30 refused to serue their lords against quéene Marie The duke thought long for his succors and wrote somewhat sharplie to the councell at the tower in that behalfe as well for lacke of men as munition but a slender answer had he againe And from that time forward certeine of the councell to wit the erle of Penbroke and sir Thomas Cheineie lord warden and other sought to get out of the tower to consult in London but could not On the sixtéenth of Iulie being sundaie doctor Ridleie bishop of London line 40 by commandement of the councell preached at Paules crosse where he vehementlie persuaded the people in the title of the ladie Iane late proclamed quéene and inueied earnestlie against the title of ladie Marie c. The same sixteenth of Iulie the lord treasuror was gone out of the tower to his house in London at night and foorthwith about seauen of the clocke the gates of the tower vpon a sudden were shut vp and the keies borne vp to the ladie Iane which was for feare of some packing in the lord treasuror line 50 but he was fetched againe to the tower about twelue of the clocke in the night The lords of the councell being in this meane while at London after they vnderstood how the better part of the realme were inclined and hearing euerie daie newes of great assemblies began to suspect the sequell of this enterprise So that prouiding for their owne suertie without respect of the duke who now was at Burie they fell to a new councell and lastlie by assent made proclamation at London in the name of the ladie Marie by the name of Marie quéene of England France Ireland defender of the faith of the churches of England Ireland supreme head Of which proclamation after the duke of Northumberland being then at Burie was aduertised by letters of discomfort from the councell he incontinentlie according to the new order receiued from them returned with his power againe to Cambridge Now so sudden change of minds foorthwith appeared in his armie that they which before séemed most forward in that quarrell began first to flie from him so euerie man shifting for himselfe he that late before was furnished of such multitude of souldiers was suddenlie forsaken of all sauing a few whose perils were ioined with his But now before I proceed anie further in the historie of quéene Marie who was now receiued and proclamed quéene as then to succeed hir brother I will speake somewhat of the learned men that wrote published anie pamphlets or treatises in his daies as in deed there were manie but for that the more part of them died in quéene Maries time or in the quéenes maiesties time that now is or else are yet liuing I doo omit those here meaning to speake of them hereafter if God shall permit as occasion maie serue For the residue that ended their liues in this kings daies these I find Dauid Clapham a lawyer and well séene in the Latine toong wrote sundrie treatises Robert Talbot a prebendarie of Norwich verie skilfull in antiquities Edward Hall a counsellor in the common law but excellentlie séene in histories wrote a notable chronicle of the vnion of the two houses of Yorke Lancaster Furthermore Richard Tracie of Todington in Glocestershire an esquier and verie well learned sonne to William Tracie doctor Ioseph an excellent preacher George Ioie a Bedfordshire man that wrote diuerse treatises concerning diuinitie and died either in the last yeare of king Edward or in the beginning of quéene Maries reigne as appeareth by master Bale Alexander Barkleie a Scot a notable poet and a good rhetorician departed this life in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and two William Hugh a Yorkeshireman wrote besides other things a notable treatise called the troubled mans medicine he deceassed by the bursting of a veine in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fortie and nine Thomas Sternehold borne in South-hampton turned into English méeter seuen thirtie psalmes chosen foorth of Dauids psalter Of strangers that liued and died here in this kings daies excellentlie learned and renowmed for such treatises as they published to the world Martine Bucer and Paulus Fagius are most famous To end now with this part of the booke concerning king Edward I haue thought good to set downe Ierom Cardans verses written as an epitaph of him and recorded by master Fox in his historie as here followeth Flete nefas magnum sed toto flebilis orbe Mortales vester corruit omnis honor Nam regum decus iuuenum flos spésque bonorum Deliciae secli gloria gentis erat Dignus Apollineis lachrymis doctaeque Minerua Flosculus heu miserè concidit ante diem Te cumulo dabimus musa supremáque flentes Munera Melpomene tristia fata canet Thus farre the good and vertuous yoong prince Edward the sixt successor to Henrie the eight of most famous memorie Marie the eldest daughter of king Henrie the eight successor to Edward the sixt MArie eldest daughter of K. Henrie the eight by the ladie Katharine of Spaine his first wife and sister vnto king Edward the sixt by the fathers side began hir reigne the sixt daie of Iulie which daie the king hir brother died and she was proclamed at London as is before remembred in the end of the historie of king Edward the sixt the nineteenth line 30 daie of the same moneth year 1553 in the yeare of our Lord 1553 after the creation of the world 5520 in the fiue and thirtith yeare of Charles the fift emperor of Almaine in the seuenth yéere of Henrie the second of that name K. of France in the eleuenth of Marie quéene of Scotland The twentith of Iulie the duke of Northumberland being come backe to Cambridge heard that the proclamation of queene Marie was come thither whereof he being aduertised called for a trumpetter and an herald but none line 40 could be found Whervpon he riding into the market place with the maior and the lord marques of Northampton made the proclamation himselfe and threw vp his cap in token of ioy ¶ Within an houre after he had letters from the councell as he said that he should forthwith dismisse his armie and not come within ten miles of London for if he did they would fight with him the rumor whereof was no sooner
old fréese cote an old paire of hosen all his apparell not worth foure shillings The same daie came in two of the Culpepers one Cromar Thomas Rampton the duke of Suffolks secretarie The twelfe of Februarie being mondaie about ten of the clocke there went out of the tower to the scaffold on the tower hill the lord Gilford Dudleie sonne to the duke of Northumberland husband to the ladie Iane Greie daughter to the duke of Suffolke and without the bulworke gate maister Thomas Offleie one of the shiriffes of London receiued him and brought him to the scaffold where after a small declaration he knéeled downe and said his praiers Then holding vp his eies hands to heauen with teares at the last he desired the people to praie for him after he was beheaded His bodie being laid in a cart and his head in a cloth was brought into the chappell within the tower where the ladie Iane whose lodging was in maister Patridges house did sée his dead carcasse taken out of the cart as well as she did see him before aliue going to his death a sight as might be supposed to hir worse than death By this time was there a scaffold made vpon the greene ouer against the white tower for the ladie Iane to die vpon who being nothing at all abashed neither with feare of hir owne death which then approched neither with the sight of the dead carcasse of hir husband when he was brought into the chapell came forth the lieutenant leading hir with countenance nothing abashed neither hir eies anie thing moistened with teares with a booke in hir hand wherein she praied vntill she came to the said scaffold Whereon when she was mounted this noble yoong ladie as she was indued with singular gifts both of learning and knowledge so was she as patient and mild as anie lambe at hir execution and a little before hir death vttered these words The words of the ladie Iane at hir death on a scaffold vpon the greene ouer against the white tower GOod people I am come hither to die and by a law I am condemned to the same My offense against the queenes highnes was onelie in consent to the deuice of other which now is deemed treason but it was neuer of my seeking but by counsell of those who should seeme to haue further vnderstanding of things than I which knew little of the law and much lesse of the titles to the crowne But touching the procurement and desire therof by me or on my behalfe I doo wash my hands in innocencie thereof before God and the face of all you good christian people this daie And therwith she wroong hir hands wherin she had hir booke Then said she I praie you all good christian people to beare me witnesse that I die a true christian woman that I looke to be saued by none other meanes line 10 but onelie by the mercie of God in the bloud of his onelie sonne Iesus Christ I confesse that when I did know the word of God I neglected the same loued my selfe and the world and therefore this plague and punishment is iustlie worthilie happened vnto me for my sins yet I thanke God of his goodnesse that he hath giuen me a time and respit to repent And now line 20 good people while I am aliue I praie you assist me with your praiers Then knéeling downe she said the pâ—alme of Miserere mei Deus in English and then stood vp and gaue hir maid called mistresse Ellin hir gloues and handkercher and hir booke she also gaue to maister Bridges then lieutenant of the tower and so vntied hir gowne and the executioner pressed to helpe hir off with it but she desired him to let hir alone and line 30 turned hir toward hir two gentlewomen who helped hir off therewith and wish hir other attires and they gaue hir a faire handkercher tâ—â—ut about hir eies Then the executioner knéeled dâ—wne and asked hir forgiuenesse whom she forgaue most willinglie Then he willed hir to stand vpon the straw which doone she saw the blocke then she said I praie you dispatch me quicklie Then she knéeled downe saieng Will you take it off before I laie me down Whervnto the executioner answered No madam Then tied she the handkercher about hir eies and féeling for the blocke she said Where is it where is it One of the standers by guided hir therevnto and she laid downe hir head vpon the blocke and then stretched forth hir bodie and said Lord into thy hands I commend my spirit and so finished hir life ¶ This was the end of the lord Gilford and the ladie Iane whose deaths were the more hastened for feare of further troubles and sturs for hir title like as hir father had attempted line 50 Thus as saith maister Fox were beheaded two innocents in comparison of them that sat vpon them for they did but ignorantlie accept that which the others had willinglie deuised and by open proclamation consented to take from others and giue to them And verelie how vnwilling she was to take it vpon hir there are yet liuing that can testifie Iudge Morgan now that gaue the sentence against hir shortlie after fell mad and in his rauing cried continuallie to haue the ladie Iane taken awaie from him and so ended his life ¶ Touching this ladie line 60 Iane in the high commendation of hir godlie mind I find this report in maister Foxes appendix to his Acts and Monuments namelie that being on a time when she was verie yoong at Newhall in Essex at the ladie Maries was by one ladie Anne Wharton desired to walke and they passing by the chapell the ladie Wharton made low curtsie to the popish sacrament hanging on the altar Which when the ladie Iane saw maruelled why she did so and asked hir whether the ladie Marie were there or not Unto whome the ladie Wharton answered no but she said that she made hir curtsie to him that made vs all Why quoth the ladie Iane how can he be there that made vs all and the baker made him This hir answer comming to the ladie Maries eare she did neuer loue hir after as is crediblie reported but estéemed hir as the rest of that christian profession In further witnesse of which good ladies disposition both to God and the world besides the verses of certeine learned men extant to hir praise these following were found written by hir owne hand with a pin Non aliena putes homini quae obtingere possunt Sors 〈◊〉 mihi tunc erit illa tibi Iane Dudley Deo iuuante nil nocet liuor malus Et non iuuante nil iuuat labor graâ—is Post tenebras spero videre lucem Upon saâ—urdaie being the seuentéenth of Februarie the duke of Suffolke was arreigned at Westminster and there condemned to die by his péeres the earle of Arundell being that daie chiefe iudge Where some haue
such as be declared in the fiue and twentith yeare of king Edward the third both which statutes I pray you my lords maie be read here to the inquest No sir there shall be no bookes brought at your desire we doo all know the law sufficientlie without booke Doo you bring me hither to trie me by the law will not shew me the law What is your knowlege of the law to these mens satisfactions which haue my triall in hand I praie you my lords and my lords all let the statutes be read as well for the quéene as for me My lord chiefe iustice can shew the law and will if the iurie doo doubt of anie point You know it were indifferent that I should know and heare the law whereby I am adiudged and for asmuch as the statute is in English men of meaner learning than the iustices can vnderstand it or else how should we know when we offend You know not what belongeth to your case and therefore we must teach you it apperteineth not to line 10 vs to prouide bookes for you neither sit we here to be taught of you you should haue taken better héed to the law before you had come hither Because I am ignorant I would learne and therefore I haue more néed to sée the law and partlie as well for the instructions of the iurie as for my own satisfaction which mee thinke were for the honor of this presence And now if it please you my lord chiefe iustice I doo direct my spéech speciallie to you line 20 What time it pleased the quéenes maiestie to call you to this honorable office I did learne of a great personage of hir highnesse priuie councell that amongst other good instructions hir maiestie charged and inioined you to minister the law and iustice indifferentlie without respect of persons And notwithstanding the old error amongst you which did not admit anie witnesse to speake or anie other matter to be heard in the fauor of the aduersarie hir maiestie being partie hir highnesse pleasure was line 30 that whatsoeuer could be brought in the fauor of the subiect should be admitted to be heard And moreouer that you speciallie likewise all other iustices should not persuade themselues to sit in iudgement otherwise for hir highnesse than for hir subiect Therefore this maner of indifferent proceeding being principallie inioined by Gods commandement which I had thought partlie to haue remembred you others here in commission in the beginning if I might haue had leaue and the same also being commanded line 40 you by the quéens owne mouth me thinke you ought of right to suffer me to haue the statutes read openlie and also to reiect nothing that could be spoken in my defense and in thus dooing you shall shew your selues woorthie ministers and fit for so woorthie a mistresse You mistake the matter the queene spake those words to maister Morgan chiefe iustice of the common plées but you haue no â—ause to complaine for you haue béene suffered to talke at your pleasure line 50 What would you doo with the statute booke The iurie dooth not require it they haue heard the euidence and they must vpon their conscience trie whether you be guiltie or no so as the booke needeth not if they will not credit the euidence so apparant then they know not what they haue to doo You ought not to haue anie books read here at your appointment for where dooth arise anie doubt in the law the iudges sit here to informe the court and now you doo but spend time line 60 I pray you my lord chiefe iustice repeat the euidence for the queene and giue the iurie their charge for the prisoner will kéepe you here all daie How saie you Haue you anie more to saie for your selfe You seeme to giue and offer me the law but in verie déed I haue onelie the forme and image of the law neuerthelesse sith I cannot be suffered to haue the statutes red openlie in the booke I will by your patience gesse at them as I maie and I praie you to helpe me if I mistake for it is long since I did sée them The statute of repeale made the last parlement hath these words Be it enacted by the quéene that from henceforth none act deed or offense being by act of parlement or statute made treason petit treason or misprision of treason by words writing printing ciphering déeds or otherwise whatsoeuer shall be taken had déemed or adiudged treason petit treason but onelie such as be declared or expressed to be treason in or by an act of parlement made in the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third touching and concerning treasons and the declaration of treasons and none other Here may you sée this statute dooth referre all the offenses aforesaid to the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third which statute hath these words touching and concerning the treasons that I am indicted and arreigned of that is to saie Whosoeuer dooth compasse or imagine the death of the king or leuie warre against the king in his realme or being adherent to the kings enimies within this realme or elsewhere and be thereof probablie attainted by open déed by people of their condition shall be adiudged a traitor Now I praie you of my iurie which haue my life in triall note well what things at this daie be treasons and how these treasons must be tried and decerned that is to say by open déed which the lawes dooth at some time terme Ouert act And now I aske notwithstanding my indictment which is but matter alleged where dooth appeare the open déed of anie compassing or imagining the queenes death Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of being adherent to the quéens enimies giuing to them aid and comfort Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of taking the tower of London Why doo not you of the quéenes learned councell answer him Me thinke Throckmorton you need not haue the statutes for you haue them méetlie perfectlie You are deceiued to conclude all treasons in the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third for that statute is but a declaration of certeine treasons which were treasons before at the common law Euen so there dooth remaine diuerse other treasons at this daie at the common law which be expressed by that statute as the iudges can declare Neuerthelesse there is matter sufficient alleged and prooued against you to bring you within the compasse of the same statute I praie you expresse those matters that bring me within the compasse of the statute of Edward the third For the words be these And be thereof attainted by open déed By people of like condition Throckmorton you deceiue your selfe and mistake these words By people of their condition For thereby the law dooth vnderstand the discouering of your treasons
before halfe waie to London which said concerning the bonefires made for quéene Maries child Here is a ioifull triumph but at length all will not proue woorth a messe of pottage as in déed it came to passe for in the end all prooued cleane contrarie and the ioy expectations of men were much line 10 deceiued For the people were certified that the quéene neither was as then deliuered nor after was in hope to haue anie child At this time manie talked diuerslie Some said this rumour of the quéenes conception was spread for a policie some other affirmed that she was deceiued by a timpanie or some other like disease to thinke hirselfe with child and was not some thought shée was with child and that it did by some chance miscarie or else that she was bewitched but what was the truth therof the Lord knoweth line 20 to whome nothing is secret One thing of mine owne hearing and séeing I cannot passe ouer vnwitnessed There came to me whome I did both heare and sée one Isabell Malt a woman dwelling in Aldersgate stréet in Horne allie not farre from the house where this present booke was printed who before witnesse made this declaration vnto vs that she being deliuered of a man-child vpon Whitsundaie in the morning which was the eleuenth daie of Iune Anno line 30 1555 there came to hir the lord North and another lord to hir vnknowne dwelling then about old Fishstréet demanding of hir if she would part with hir child and would sweare that she neuer knew nor had no such child Which if she would hir sonne they said should be well prouided for she should take no care for it with manie faire offers if she would part with the child After that came other women also of whome one she said should haue beene the rocker but she in no line 40 wise would let go hir sonne who at the writing hereof being aliue and called Timothie Malt was of the age of thirtéene yeares and vpward Thus much I saie I heard of the woman hir selfe What credit is to be giuen to hir relation I deale not withall but leaue it to the libertie of the reader to beleeue it they that list to them that list not I haue no further warrant to assure them Among manie other great preparations made for the quéenes deliuerance of child there was a cradle verie sumptuouslie and gorgeouslie line 50 trimmed on the which cradle for the child appointed these verses were written both in Latine and in English as they are set downe here in record Quam Maria sobolem Deus optime summe dedisti Anglis incolumem redde tuere rege The child which thou to Marie ô Lord of might hast send To Englands ioie in health preserue keepe and defend About this time there came ouer into England a certeine English booke giuing warning to the line 60 Englishmen of the Spaniards and disclosing certeine close practises for recouerie of abbeie lands which booke was called A warning for England Whereof ye shall vnderstand much more at large where we speake of the Spanish inquisition So that by the occasion of this booke vpon the thirteenth daie of this moneth came out a certeine proclamation set foorth in the name of the king and the quéene repealing and disanulling all maner of bookes written or printed whatsoeuer should touch anie thing the impairing of the popes dignitie wherby not onelie much godlie edification was hindered but also great perill grew among the people This proclamation is recorded at large with other appendents in the Acts and Monuments vnder the title of quéene Marie ¶ In this yeare died sir Iohn Gresham who bare the office of lord maior of London 1547 a man of a mercifull nature and good deuotion both to God and his countrie He founded a frée schoole at Holt a market towne in Norffolke gaue to euerie ward in London ten pounds to be distributed to the poore and to thréescore poore men and women euerie one of them thrée yeards of brode cloth of eight or nine shillings the yard to be made in gownes readie to their backs He gaue also to maids mariages and to the hospitals in London aboue two hundred pounds in readie monie A blasing starre was seene at all times of the night the sixt seuenth eight ninth and tenth of March. About this time Brookes bishop of Glocester was by the cardinall sent downe as commissioner from the pope to Oxford there to sit vpon the examination of Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie in such things as should be laid to his charge by Iohn Storie and Thomas Martin doctors in the lawes sent speciallie in commission from the quéene At which time the said archbishop making low obeisance to them that sate in the queenes name shewed no token of reuerence to the bishop that was the popes commissioner who neuerthelesse procéeded against him as iudge and conuicted him of heresie According to the which sentence the one and twentith daie of March next following he was disgraded by Edmund Boner and Thomas Thirlebie bishops of London and Elie sent downe for that purpose and he was burned in the same place where Ridleie and Latimer before had suffered Before his death by the persuasion of a Spanish frier named frier Iohn a reader of diuinitie in Oxford and by the counsell of certeine other that put him in hope of life and pardon he subscribed to a recantation wherein he submitted himselfe wholie to the church of Rome and continued in the same mind to outward appearance vntill he was brought out of prison to go to the fire Afore whose execution a sermon was made by doctor Cole deane of Paules in saint Martins church in Oxford And in the end of his sermon the said doctor Cole praied the people to incline their eares to such things as the said Cranmer would declare vnto them by his owne mouth For saith he he is a man verie repentant and will here before you all reuoke his errors Neuerthelesse he did cleane contrarie For when he came to the place where the holie bishops and martyrs of God Hugh Latimer and Ridleie were burnt before him for the confession of the truth knéeling downe hée praied to God not tarieng long in his praiers putting off his garments to his shirt he prepared himselfe to death His shirt was made long downe to his féet his féet were bare Likewise his head when both his caps were off was so bare that one heare could not be séene vpon it His beard was long and thicke couering his face with maruellous grauitie Such a countenance of grauitie mooued the hearts both of his friends and of his enimies And as for the recantation aforesaid with manie tears he protested that he had subscribed to the same against his conscience onelie for feare of death and hope of life Which seemed true for when he came to the stake
house in the west parts of England deane of Chichester departed this life in Germanie where he liued in exile about the latter end of quéen Maries reigne Cutbert Tunstall bishop first of London and after of Durham borne in Lancashire of a right worshipfull familie excellentlie learned as by his workes it may appeare doctor of both the lawes departed this life in the yeare 1559. Richard Sampson bishop of Couentrie Lichfield wrote certeine treatises departed this life 1555. Lucas Shepherd borne in Colchester in Essex an English poet Iane Dudleie daughter vnto Henrie Greie duke of Suffolke wrote diuerse things highlie to hir commendation of whome yée haue heard more before héere in this historie William Thomas a Welshman borne of whome yée haue likewise heard how he suffered for treason wrote the historie of Italie and other things verie eloquentlie Iames Brookes a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Standish a doctor likewise of the same profession great defenders of the popes doctrine as by their workes appeareth William Perine a blacke line 10 frier by profession and a doctor also of diuinitie wrote in defense of the masse and preached sermons which were printed of like stuffe Iohn Baret borne in Lin a doctor of diuinitie and sometime a Carmelit frier but reuolting from the popes religion he became an earnest setter foorth of the gospell but eftsoones he fell off and returned to his former opinions now in the daies of quéene Marie Henrie lord Stafford sonne to Edward duke of Buckingham amongst other things which he wrote he translated a booke out of Latine into English intituled Vtriusque potestatis differentia that is The difference betwixt the two powers which booke as some thinke was first compiled and set foorth by Edward Fox bishop of Hereford Iohn Hopkins translated diuerse psalmes of the psalter into English méeter which are to be found amongst those appointed to be sung in the churches of England Thus farre the troublesome reigne of Queene Marie the first of that name God grant she may be the last of hir religion eldest daughter to king Henrie the eight The peaceable and prosperous regiment of blessed Queene Elisabeth second daughter to king Henrie the eight AFter all the stormie tempestuous and blustering windie weather of quéene Marie was ouerblowne the darkesome clouds of discomfort dispersed the palpable fogs and mists of most intollerable miserie consumed and the line 10 dashing showers of persecution ouerpast it pleased God to send England a calme and quiet season a cleare and louelie sunshine a quâ—tsest from former broiles of a turbulent estate and a world of blessings by good quéene Elisabeth into whose gratious reigne we are now to make an happie entrance as followeth When true knowledge was had that quéene Marie was deceased who left hir life in this world the seuentéenth daie of Nouember as is before mentioned line 20 in the latter end of hir historie in the time of a parlement the lords that were assembled in the vpper house being resolued according to the lawes of the land to declare the ladie Elisabeth sister to the said quéene to be verie true and lawfull heire to the crowne of England sent immediatlie to the speaker of the parlement willing him with the knights and burgesses of the neather house without delaie to repaire vnto them into the vpper house for their assents in a case of great importance Who being line 30 come thither after silence made as the maner is the archbishop of Yorke chancellor of England whose name was Nicholas Heth doctor in diuinitie stood vp and pronounced in effect these words following The cause of your calling hither at this time is to signifie vnto you that all the lords here present are certeinlie certified that God this present morning hath called to his mercie our late souereigne ladie queene Marie Which hap as it is most heauie and line 40 gréeuous vnto vs so haue we no lesse cause another waie to reioise with praise to almightie God for that he hath left vnto vs a true lawfull and right inheritrice to the crowne of this realme which is the ladie Elisabeth second daughter to our late souereigne lord of noble memorie king Henrie the eight and sister to our said late quéene of whose most lawfull right and title in the succession of the crowne thanks be to God we néed not to doubt Wherefore the lords of this house haue determined with your assents and line 50 consents to passe from hence into the palace and there to proclame the said ladie Elisabeth quéene of this realme without further tract of time Whereto the whole house answered with euident appearance of ioy God saue quéene Elisabeth long may quéene Elisabeth reigne ouer vs. And so this present parlement being dissolued by the act of God the said lords immediatlie calling vnto them the kings and principall heralds at armes went into the palace of Westminster and directlie before the hall doore in the foore noone of the same daie after seuerall soundings of trumpets made in most solemne maner proclamed the new quéene by this name and title Elisabeth by the grace of God queene of England France and Ireland defender of the faith c to the great comfort and reioising of the people as by their maners and countenances well appeared After which proclamation made at Westminster the said lords to wit the duke of Norffolke the lord treasuror the earle of Oxford and diuerse other lords and bishops with all spéed repaired into the citie of London where the like proclamation was made in the presence of them and also of the lord maior and aldermen in their scarlet gowns at the crosse in Cheape with no lesse vniuersall ioy and thanksgiuing to God of all the hearers And so our most gratious souereigne ladie queene Elisabeth began hir happie reigne ouer this realme of England to the great comfort and gladnesse of all estates christianlie minded and disposed vpon the foresaid seuentéenth day of Nouember lux haec venerabilis Anglis Haec est illa dies albo signando lapillo saith the poet in the yeare after the creation of the world fiue thousand fiue hundred twentie and fiue year 1558 after the birth of our sauiour one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and eight of the empire of Ferdinando the first emperor of Rome bearing that name the first in the twelfe yeare of the reigne of Henrie the second of that name French king and in the sixtéenth yeare of the reigne of Marie quéene of Scotland On wednesdaie the three and twentith of Nouember the quéenes maiestie remooued from Hatfield vnto the Charter house in London where she lodged in the lord Norths house in which remoouing and comming thus to the citie it might well appeare how comfortable hir presence was to them that went to receiue hir on the waie and likewise to the great multitudes of people that came abroad to sée hir grace shewing their reioising harts in
should be written and so onelie recited out of the booke said their booke was not readie then written but they were prouided to argue and dispute and therefore would for that time repeat in speech that which they had to saie vnto the first proposition This variation from the order and speciallie from that which themselues had by the said archbishop in writing before required adding thereto the reason of the apostle that to contend with words is profitable to nothing but to subuersion of the hearer séemed vnto the quéenes maiesties councell somewhat strange yet was it permitted without anie great reprehension bicause they excused themselues with mistaking the order and agréed that they would not faile but put it in writing and according to the former order deliuer it to the other part And so the said bishop of Winchester and his colleagues appointed doctor Cole deane of Paules to be the vtterer of their minds who partlie by spéech onelie and partlie by reading of authorities written and at certeine times being informed of his colleagues what to saiâ— made a declaration of their meanings their reasons to their first proposition Which being ended they were asked by the priuie councell if anie of them had anie more to be said and they said No. So as then the other part was licenced to shew their minds which they did according to the first order exhibiting all that which they meant to be propounded in a booke written which after a praier inuocation made most humblie to almightie God for the induing of them with his holie spirit and a protestation also to stand to the doctrine of the catholike church builded vpon the scriptures and the doctrine of the prophets and the apostles was distinctlie read by one line 10 Robert Horne bachellor in diuinitie late deane of Duresme And the same being ended with some likelihood as it séemed that the same was much allowable to the audience certeine of the bishops began to saie contrarie to their former answer that they had now much more to saie to this matter Wherein although they might haue béene well reprehended for such maner of cauillation yet for auoiding of any mistaking of orders in this colloquie or conference and for that they should vtter all that which they had to saie it line 20 was both ordered and thus openlie agreed vpon of both parts in the full audience that vpon the mondaie following the bishops should bring their minds and reasons in writing to the second assertion and the last also if they could and first read the same and that doone the other part should bring likewise theirs to the same And being read ech of them should deliuer to other the same writings And in the meane time the bishops should put in writing not onelie all line 30 that which doctor Cole had that daie vttered but all such other matters as they anie otherwise could thinke of for the same and as soone as they might possiblie to send the same booke touching that first assertion to the other part and they should receiue of them that writing which master Horne had there read that daie and vpon mondaie it should be agreed what daie they should exhibit their answers touching the first proposition Thus both parts assented thereto and the assemblie quietlie dismissed And therefore vpon mondaie line 40 the like assemblie began againe at the place houre appointed and there vpon what sinister or disordered meaning is not yet fullie knowne though in some part it be vnderstanded the bishop of Winchester and his colleagues and especiallie Lincolne refused to exhibit or read according to the former notorious order on fridaie that which they had prepared for the second assertion And therevpon by the lord kéeper of the great seale they being first gentlie and fauourablie required to kéepe the order appointed and that line 50 taking no place being secondlie as it behooued pressed with more earnest request they neither regarding the authoritie of that place nor their owne reputation nor the credit of the cause vtterlie refused that to doo And finallie being againe particularlie euerie of them apart distinctlie by name required to vnderstand their opinions therein they all sauing one which was the abbat of Westminster hauing some more consideration of order and his dutie of obedience than the other vtterlie and plainelie denied line 60 to haue their booke read some of them more earnestlie than others and some other more vndiscréetlie and vnreuerentlie than others Wherevpon giuing such example of disorder stubbornesse and selfewill as hath not béene séene and suffered in such an honourable assemblie being of the two estates of this realme the nobilitie and the commons besides the presence of the quéenes maiesties most honourable priuie councell the same assemblie was dismissed and the godlie and most christian purpose of the quéens maiestie made frustrate And afterwards for the contempt so notoriouslie made the bishops of Winchester and Lincolne hauing most obstinatelie both disobeied common authoritie and varied manifestlie from their owne order and speciallie Lincolne who shewed more follie than the other were condignelie committed to the tower of London and the rest sauing the abbat of Westminster stood bound to make dailie their personall appéerance before the councell and not to depart the citie of London and Westminster vntill further order were taken with them for their disobedience and contempt The three propositions wherevpon conference was determined to haue beene at Westminster 1 IT is against the word of GOD and the custome of the ancient church to vse a toong vnknowne to the people in common praier and the administration of the sacraments 2 Euerie church hath authoritie to appoint take awaie and change ceremonies and ecclesiasticall rites so the same bee to edification 3 It cannot be prooued by the word of God that there is in the masse offered vp a sacrifice propitiatorie for the quicke and the dead The names of such as had conference in the propositions aforesaid The B. of Winchester The bishop of Lichfield The bishop of Chester The bishop of Caerleill The bishop of Lincolne Doctor Cole Doctor Harpesfield Doctor Langdall Doctor Chedseie D. Scorie B. of Chiche Doctor Cox Maister Whitehed Maister Grindall Maister Horne Maister doctor Sands Maister Gest. Maister Elmer Maister Iewell The bishops and doctors sat on the one side of the quéere at a table for them prepared the other learned men sat at another table on the other side of the same queere And at the vpper end thereof at an other table sat the quéenes maiesties councell desiâ—ous to haue séene some good conclusion of the said conference although as ye may perceiue by that which is aboue recited it came to small effect In this meane time a treatie of peace which had béene in hand the last yeare first at Lisle and after at the abbeie of Cercampe a thrée leagues from Dorlens betwixt the two kings
of Spaine and France was now renewed againe and the deputies were appointed to meet at Chasteau Cambresi a six leagues distant from Cambraie For the king of Spaine the duke of Alua the prince of Orange the bishop of Arras Rigomes de Silua earle of Mellito monsieur Uiglius Zwichem knight and president of the priuie councell in the low countries who neuerthelesse came not bicause he was letted by sicknesse For the French king there came the cardinall of Loraine the conestable the marshall of saint Andrew the bishop of Orleans and Claude de Aubespine the said kings secretarie For the queene of England the bishop of Elie the lord William Howard baron of Effingham lord chamberleine to the said quéene doctor Nicholas Wootton deane of Canturburie and Yorke For the duke of Sauoie there were the earle of Stropiana the president of Asti. And as a meane or mediatrix betwéene the parties there was Christierna dutchesse of Loraine with hir sonne the yong duke which dutchesse as well here as before at Cercampe trauelled most earnestlie to doo good betwixt the parties and to bring them to a finall accord whose endeuor therein was to the great good liking contentation of all the said parties After that this treatie had continued a long time and now restâ—d nothing to staie them froÌ„ concluding a generall peace but onelie the article touching Calis at length that matter was also accorded by a speciall treatie betwixt the quéenes maiestie of England the French king Guido Caualcanti a gentleman of Florence line 10 being the meane to bring the same to effect The substance of which articles was that Calis shuld rest in the Frenchmens hands for the terme of eight yéeres and at the end of that terme they couenanted to render the same or else for default to forfeit vnto the quéenes highnesse the summe of fiue hundred thousand crownes and for suertie hereof to deliuer foure hostages such as hir maiestie should thinke sufficient And in case the towne were not deliuered at the end of the said eight yéeres though the monie were line 20 paid according to the couenants yet notwithstanding the right and title to the said towne and countrie adioining should alwaies remaine and be reserued vnto the crowne and realme of England It was further concluded also that a peace should be firmed and had betwixt the realmes of England and Scotland such fortresses to be rased as had been built and made by the Scots and French on the borders towards England as Haimouth and others Sir Iohn Mason knight secretarie for the French line 30 toong was sent ouer in post with instructions vnto the English commissioners after whose comming within two or thrée daies a generall peace was concluded betwixt all the parties the articles whereof not touching England we haue of purpose omitted But now after the conclusion of this peace the said sir Iohn Mason returned in post with the same and so therevpon the seuenth of Aprill the said peace was proclamed to wit betwixt the quéenes maiestie on the one part and the French king on the other line 40 their realmes dominions and subiects and likewise betwixt hir said maiestie and the king Dolphin and quéene of Scots his wife their realmes dominions and subiects This proclamation was made by Garter Norreie king at armes accompanied with thrée other heralds fiue trumpettors the lord maior of London the aldermen in their scarlet gowns being also present riding in companie of the said heralds The same time also was another proclamation made vnder the quéenes hand in writing inhibiting line 50 thâ—t from thensefoorth no plaies nor interludes should be exercised till Alhallowes tide next insuing Upon saturdaie the two and twentith of Aprill the lord Wentworth late deputie of Calis was areigned at Westminster vpon an indictment of treason found against him in the late queene Maries daies for the losse of Calis but he was acquited by his péeres the lord marquesse of Northampton sitting that daie as cheefe steward of England vnder the cloth of estate The eight of Maie the parlement line 60 brake vp in which parlement beside other things before recited concluded and passed in the same a subsidie was granted to the quéenes highnesse of two shillings eight pence the pound of mooueable goods and foure shillings of lands to be paid at two seuerall paiments of euerie person spirituall and temporall towards the better furnishing of hir maiestie with monie for the necessarie charges which she was presentlie occasioned to susteine finding the treasure of the realme greatlie consumed and the reuenues of the crowne sore diminished and the same crowne much indebted by taking vp of notable summes of monie by waie of loane vpon interest as well in the daies of hir brother K. Edward as hir sister quéene Marie The foureteenth of Maie being Whitsundaie the seruice in churches began according to the booke of coÌ„mon praier set foorth and established in this last parlement correspondent to that which was vsed in the daies of hir brother king Edward Upon sundaie the second of Iulie the citizens of London set foorth a muster before the quéenes maiestie at Greenwich in the parke there of the number of 1400 men whereof 800 were pikes armed in fine corselets foure hundred shot in shirts of male with morâ—ans two hundred halbarders armed in Almaine riuets these were furnished foorth by the crafts and companies of the citie To euerie hundred two wifflers were assigned richlie appointed and apparelled for the purpose There were also twelue wardens of the best companies mounted on horssebacke in coats of blacke veluet to conduct them with drums and fiffes and six ensignes all in ierkins of white sattin of Bridges cut and lined with blacke sarsenet and caps hosen and scarfs according The sergeant Maiors capteine Constable and capteine Sanders brought them in order before the queenes presence placing them in battell arraie euen as they should haue fought so as the shew was verie faire the emperours and the French kings ambassadors being present In this moneth also the archbishop of Yorke the bishops of Elie London and others to the number of thirtéene or fouretéene being called before the quéenes councell and refusing to receiue the oth touching hir maiesties supremasie and other articles were depriued from their bishopricks in whose roomes and places first for cardinall Poole succéeded doctor Matthew Parker archbishop of Canturburie In the place of Heth succeeded doctor Yoong In steed of Boner Edmund Grindall was bishop of London For Hopton Thurlbie Tunstall Pates Christoferson Peto Coats Morgan Feasie White Oglethorpe c were placed doctor Iohn Parkhurst in Norwich D. Cox in Elie Iewell in Salisburie Pilkenton in Duresme doctor Sands in Worcester master Downam in Westchester Bentam in Couentrie and Lichfield Dauid in S. Dauies Allie in Excester Horne in Winchester Scorie in Hereford Best in Carleill Bullingham in Lincolne Scamler in
Peterburie Bartlet in Bath Gest in Rochester Barlow in Chichester c. In like maner were diuerse deans archdeacons parsons vicars remooued from their benefices and some of them committed to prison in the Tower Fléet Marshalsea and Kings bench Moreouer about the same time were commissio-appointed to visit in euerie diocesse within the relme for the establishment of religion according to the order appointed by act and statute passed and confirmed in the last parlement For London were appointed sir Richard Sackuill knight Robert Horne doctor of diuinitie doctor Huic a ciuilian and maister Sauage who calling before them diuerse persons of euerie parish sware them to inquire and make presentment accordinglie vpon certeine iniunctions drawne and deuised for the better accomplishment and execution of that which they had in charge Furthermore about the same time by vertue of an act established in parlement all such religious houses as were againe erected and set vp were now suppressed as the abbeies of Westminster the houses of the nuns and brethren of the Sion and Shéene the blacke friers of Gréenwich c. And on the twelfe of August being saturdaie the high altar in Paules church with the rood the images of Marie and Iohn standing in the rood loft were taken downe the prebendaries and petie canons commanded to weare no more their graie amises but to vse onelie a surplice in seruice time This was doone by commandement of doctor Grindall newlie elect bishop of London doctor Maie then also newlie elected deane of Paules and other the commissioners then appointed Also on the euen of saint Bartholomew the day and morrow after were burned in Paules churchyard Cheapeside and diuerse other places of the citie of London all the roods and other images of churches and in some places the coapes vestments and altar clothes bookes banners sepulchers and rood lofts were likewise committed to the fier and so line 10 consumed to ashes ¶ The fift of September about midnight fell a great tempest at London in the end wherof a great lightning with a terrible clap of thunder strake the spire being stone of the stéeple of Alhallowes church in Bredstréet about a ten foot beneath the top out of the which fell a stone that slue a dog and ouerthrew a man plaieng with the same dog and the spire of the stéeple was so perished that not long after the same was taken downe with lesse charges to the parish line 20 than the reparing would haue cost And at the same instant by the same tempest one of the southdores of S. Dionise church in Fenchurchstréet with the dore of the reuestrie of the same church were both striken through and broken Upon Fridaie the eight of September was kept in Paules church of London a solemne obsequie for Henrie the second of that name king of France who departed this life about the tenth of Iulie last past of a wound receiued the 29 of Iune in running line 30 at tilt in a solemne iusts holden at Paris in honor of the marriage celebrated betwixt his sister the ladie Margaret of France and Philibert duke of Sauoie He was striken on the viser with a lance as he ran against the counte de Montgomerie the spilts entring by the sight of his headpéece persing through his eie into his head so perished his braine that there was no meane to saue his life The obsequie for him was kept in verie solemne wise with a rich hearse made like an imperiall line 40 crowne susteined with great pillers and couered with blacke veluet with a valence stringed with gold and richlie hanged with scutchions pennons and banners of the French kings armes without anie lights And on the beere was laid a rich pall of cloth of gold with a coat armor of the armes of France and a crest with an imperiall crowne standing vpon the béere doctor Parker archbishop of Canturburie elect doctor Barlow bishop of Chichester elect and doctor Scorie bishop of Hereford elect executing at line 50 the dirge of this euening song in English they sitting in the bishop of Londons seat in the vpper quéere in surplices with doctors hoods about their shoulders The chéefe mourner was the marquesse of Winchester lord treasuror assisted with ten other lords mourners with all the heralds in blacke and their coat armours vppermost On the morrow being saturdaie ninth of September a sermon was preached by doctor Scorie in place of doctor Grindall bishop of London who being line 60 appointed to preach that sermon was letted by sicknesse After the sermon six of the lords mourners receiued the communion with the bishops which bishops were in copes and surplices onelie at the ministration of the said communion Which being finished there was a great dinner kept in the bishop of Londons palace by Paules where the mourners apparelled them and so ended the solemnitie of the said exequies The bishops had blacke gownes giuen them and eight blacke coats a peece for their seruants at the quéenes charges ¶ About the last of September Iohn duke of Finland second sonne to Gustabus king of Swethen was sent by his father to treat a marriage for his eldest brother Ericus with the quéenes maiestie of England he arriued at Harwich in Essex and was there honorablie receiued and interteined by the erle of Oxford which said earle and the lord Robert Dudleie with a goodlie band of gentlemen and yeomen conueied him to London where he was receiued of diueâ—se knights and gentlemen of the court on the fift of October and was with his traine of about the number of fiftie persons well horssed conueied to the bishop of Winchesters place in Southworke where he was lodged during his abode here and remoued from thence two daies before Easter homewards and sped on his message as may appeare by that which followeth taken out of Iohannes Lewenclaij comment de bellis Moscorum Ericus king of Swethen sonne of Gustabus late king of the said kingdome hauing committed to prison his brother Iohn duke of Finland whom a little before he had imploied into England on an ambassage to the quéenes maiestie whom he sued to for mariage and had his sute reiected againe the second time solicited hir maiestie in the same sute notwithstanding to his great dishonor and as it fell out his iust disgrace He attempted the same matter with the yoongest daughter of Philip Lantgraue Uanhessen at whose hand hauing the second time beene reiected of hir maiestie héere the matter being knowne there he also not onelie receiued a deniall but the ladie was by hir father bestowed vpon Adolfe duke Uan Holst vncle of Frederike king of Denmarke then enimie of the said Ericus Thus farre Iohannes Lewenclaij ¶ Cuthbert Tunstall was translated from London to Durham after the death of cardinall Wolseie of whome besides that which Holinshed in this booke reporteth I will saie a little he being so
new fort where the valiant English souldiers shewed well the woonted valure of their woorthie ancestors giuing such an hardie onset vpon their aduersaries that greater manhood had not lightlie appeared in any incounter than was vsed by those martiall capteins and their warlike bands at that present to the high honor of their countrie insomuch that they beat backe their enimies slue and tooke of them to the number of foure hundred beside thirtie faire horsses and an ensigne which one Eastwike lieutenant to capteine Antwisell got Amongst the numbers of them that were slaine there were found aboue thirtie handsome gentlemen and verie well appointed To conclude the Englishmen behaued themselues so manfullie on each side that by plaine force of armes they droue the enimies quite out of the village after set it on fire bicause the enimies should not come to incampe therein as their purpose was to haue doone at that present The six and twentith of Maie the Frenchmen in number about thrée thousand horssemen and footmen came downe towards the windmils neere to the bulworke called saint Addresses against whom the English horsemen and footmen issued foorth of the towne giuing them a right hot skirmish which continued for the space of two houres insomuch that there were slaine of the French to the number of 200 beside an hundred and aboue that were hurt On the English side that daie were lost about a dozzen or thirtéene persons and amongst others was capteine Tremaine slaine and manie hurt To conclude the Englishmen like hardie and worthie souldiers wan and kept the field so as the Frenchmen in the end were driuen to retire and besides other losses which they receiued they had aboue fiftie of their horsses killed and hurt In this skirmish being one of the notablest that had béene lightlie séene manie a daie before capteine Horseie shewed woorthie proofe of his most valiant line 10 courage winning to himselfe such commemdation as the same will not be forgotten whilest anie shall remaine aliue that beheld his manfull dealings being such at that present as deserue to be registred in the booke of fame to continue with posteritie for euer On saturdaie the fift of Iune at seuen of the clocke at night the Reinsgraue hauing laid in the village of Lheure an ambush of six hundred horssemen and fiftéene hundred footmen there came downe also betwéene the abbeie and the village called Englefield line 20 towards the towne the number of a thousand footmen which began a verie hot skirmish first at the new fort comming euen hard to the ditches where the Englishmen manfullie incountered them Herewith also the Reinsgraue appointed other to come downe and approch the bulworks of saint Addresses saint Francis saint Michaell and to conclude round about the towne so that there were of them to the number of six thousand that were imploied in this skirmish which was mainteined right fercelie for the space of two hours with verie sharpe line 30 and cruell fight in the end the enimies were forced to giue place with the losse of fiue hundred of their men Almans Frenchmen Gascoignes and Spaniards The Englishmen verelie in this seruice shewed that they were nothing degenerat from the ancient race of their noble progenitors Besides those that were slaine on the French part amongst whom was one of their capteins of good account amongst them they tooke also Bassompeere an Almane coronell line 40 ouer ten ensignes of footmen The presence of the lord lieutenant was not wanting that daie both to incourage his worthie souldiers and also to sée them applied with weapon â—nd munition so as they should not be vnprouided of anie thing that was néedfull for seruice Of Englishmen there was hurt capteine Gilbert and capteine Pelham and about fiftéene other hurt and slaine The seuenth of Iune capteine Edward Dudleie arriued at Newhauen with an line 50 hundred souldiers The morrow after the first canon shot light within the towne of Newhauen néere to the bulworke of saint Addresses striking into the house where capteine Whéeler was lodged which shot being brought to my lord of Warwike by Blewmantell purseuant at armes his honor beholding it reioised thereat and said by Gods grace he would answer them againe The ninth of Iune arriued at Newhauen three capteins with their bands of an hundred a péece line 60 being of the garrison of Berwike to wit capteine Tremaine capteine Cornewall capteine Carew Edward Randoll also landed there the same daie appointed to be knight marshall For ye must vnderstand that sir Adrian Poinings being knight marshall vpon his returne into England was otherwise emploid and went not backe againe and then was sir Thomas Finch of Kent appointed to go ouer to supplie the roome of knight marshall who making his prouision readie sent ouer his brother Erasmus Finch to haue charge of his band and his kinsman Thomas Finch to be his prouost marshall whilest staieng till he had euerie thing in a readinesse to passe ouer himselfe At last he imbarked in one of the quéenes maiesties ships called the Greiehound hauing there aboord with him beside thréescore and six of his owne retinue fourtéene other gentlemen two of them being brethren to the lord Wentwoorth Iames Wentwoorth and Iohn Wentwoorth with diuerse others who in the whole accounting the mariners amounted vnto the number of 200 persons and vpward And as they were on the furthest coast toward Newhauen they were by contrarie wind and foule weather driuen backe toward the coast of England and plieng towards Rie they forced the capteine of the ship a verie cunning seaman named William Maline and also the maister and mariners to thrust into the hauen before the tide and so they all perished seuen of the meaner sort onlie excepted where of three died shortlie after they came to land The dead bodie of sir Thomas Finch amongst others was cast on shore being knowne was conueied home to his house and there buried in his parish church After this mischance and losse of that woorthie gentleman the said Edward Randoll was appointed knight marshall who ordeined a right sufficient personage capteine Iohn Shute to be his prouost marshall The fifteenth of Iune capteine Richard Sanders and capteine William Saule with their bands of an hundred souldiers a péece and capteine Drurie with two hundred arriued at Newhauen and the morrow after arriued capteine Roberts with another hundred of souldiers And on the seuenteenth of Iune being thursdaie sir Francis Knolles vicechamberleine of the quéenes maiesties house landed there béeing sent ouer by hir maiestie and hir councell to view the state of the towne On fridaie the eightéenth of Iune a sergeant of capteine Blunts band and a souldior of capteine Darcies band were executed in the market place of Newhauen for drawing their weapons against their capteins and forsaking their appointed places of warding
Marie And then the preaching of the gospell being againe receiued hauing a free passage he returned into England but would neuer returne to his bishoprike notwithstanding it was reserued for him sundrie times offered him but liued a priuat life continuing in London preaching teaching the gospell so long as the strength of his bodie would permit and at length being verie old and striken in yeares he died and was honorablie buried at saint Magnus church in London 44 Iohn Uoiseie after the depriuation of Miles Couerdale was restored to this church and for the better setling of the Romish religion did here state for a while but his mind was addicted to his owne countrie that he returned thither and made his onlie abode there practising there what he could to haue the making of kersies to come to some effect but the same being more chargeable than profitable came to small proofe This man being verie old died in his owne house with a pang and was buried in his parish church there in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and fiue 45 Iames Troblefield succéeded bishop Uoiseie and was consecrated in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred fiftie six he was a gentleman borne and of a good house verie gentle and courteous he professed diuinitie but most zelous in the Romish religion yet nothing cruell nor bloudie And yet that he might not séeme to doo nothing he was contented to prosecute and condemne a giltlesse poore séelie woman named Agnes Pirest for religion and heresie who was burned in Southingham for the same It was laied to hir charge as dooth appeare by an indictment taken at Lanceston Dit lunae in quarta septimana quadragesimae anno Philippi Mariae secundo tertio before William Stanford then iustice of the assise that she should denie the reall presence in the sacrament of the altar and that the same was but a signe and a figure of Christs bodie and that none dooth eat reallie the bodie of Christ but spirituallie He was verie carefull to recouer some part of the lands of his bishoprike which his predecessor wasted and did obteine of quéene Marie to him and to his successors the fee farme of the manor of Credition After that he had béene bishop about two yeares quéene Marie died and he was depriued and liued after a priuat life 46 William Alleie in the second yeare of quéene Elisabeth was chosen bishop and installed the sixt of August in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred sixtie and one In all quéene Maries time which were called the Marian daies he trauelled from place to place in the north countrie where he was not knowne and sometimes by practising of physike and sometimes by teaching of scholars he picked out a poore liuing for himselfe and his wife and so continued being not knowne to haue béene a priest during all quéene Maries time after whose death he went to London and there did read diuinitie lecture in Paules verie learnedlie and to his line 10 great commendation and from whense he was taken and made bishop of this citie He was verie well learned vniuersallie but his chiefe studie and profession was in diuinitie and in the toongs And being bishop he debated no part of his former trauels but spent his time verie godlie and vertuouslie Upon euerie holie daie for the most part he preached and vpon the weeke daies he would and did read a lecture of diuinitie the residue of his time and free from his necessarie businesse he spent in his line 20 priuat studies and wrote sundrie books whereof his prelections or lectures which he did read in Paules and his poore mans librarie he caused to be imprinted the like he would haue doone with his Hebrue grammar and other his works if he had liued He was well stored and his librarie well replenished with all the best sort of writers which most gladlie he would impart and make open to euerie good scholar and student whose companie and conference he did most desire imbrace He séemed at the first appéerance line 30 to be a rough and an austere man but in verie truth a verie courteous gentle and an affable man at his table full of honest speeches ioined with learning and pleasantnesse according to the time place and companie All his exercises which for the most part was at bowles verie merrie and plesant void of all sadnesse which might abate the benefit of recreation loth to offend readie to forgiue void of malice full of loue bountifull in hospitalitie liberall to the poore and a succourer of the néedie faithfull to line 40 his friend and courteous to all men a hater of couetousnesse and an enimie to all euill and wicked men and liued an honest a godlie and vertuous life Finallie he was indued with manie notable good gifts and vertues onelie he was somewhat credulous of a hastie beléefe and light of credit which he did oftentimes mislike blame in himselfe In his latter time he waxed somewhat grosse and his bodie full of humors which did abate much of his line 50 woonted exercises and hauing béene bishop about eight yeares he died the first of Aprill one thousand fiue hundred and seauentie and was buried in his owne church 47 William Bradbridge deane of Sarisburie was the next bishop and consecrated at Lambeth by Matthew Parker archbishop of Canturburie the eightéenth of March one thousand fiue hundred and seauentie he was a professor of diuinitie but not taken to be so well grounded as he persuaded line 60 himselfe he was zelous in religion but not so forwards as he was wished to be In his latter daies he delighted to dwell in the countrie which was not so much to his liking as troublesome to his clergie to such as had anie sutes vnto him It was thought he died verie rich but after his death it proued otherwise he died suddenlie no bodie being about him at Newton Ferris the ninth yeare of his bishoprike vpon the nine and twentith of Iulie in the yeare of our Lord 1578 and was buried in his owne church Thus farre the collection of Iohn Hooker agréeing with the records The seuentéenth daie of Iulie the quéenes maiestie being on the riuer of Thames about nine of the clocke at night betwixt hir highnesse manour of Gréenewich Dartford in hir priuie barge accompanied with the French ambassador the earle of Lincolne and maister vicechamberlaine it chanced that one Thomas Appletrée a yoong man and seruant to maister Henrie Carie with two or thrée others being in a bote on the Thames rowing vp and downe betwixt the places aforenamed the foresaid Thomas had a caliuer or harquebus charged with bullet and shooting at randon by misfortune shot one of the watermen being the second man next vnto the bales of the said barge which sat within six foot of hir highnesse cleane
would be one of the formost in executing of this villanous and most traitorous action By this you may perceiue that the death of hir maiestie and ouerthrow of this realme was throughlie agréed vpon and fullie determined there wanted nothing but opportunitie for preests both then and after came ouer continuallie to further it so much as in them laie To the said effect did A. M. vtter most odious matter the reading whereof would make anie true English hart quake tremble and to write it what loiall subiect is able to abide And therefore as deriued from the diuell to his dearlings we omit the same counting it more loialtie to â—ull such deuises and consultations asléepe than to publish them to the world in blâ—cke white due reuerence to the principall obiects alwaies reserued All which abhominable stuffe circumstances of times places persons and other particulars dulie pondered giue euident demonstration what affection these fellowes affoord their lawfull queene and countrie well is he that can imagine most against hir maiestie and highlie is he esteemed that beareth the most traitorous hart to hir Yet Campion and the rest of his fellowes they plead ignorance in all these causes they bolster vp one another with large protestations railing words and subtill surnuses affirming that they were not sent hither for anie such intent which is as vntrue as we know it for truth that the Lord God liueth in heauen For this I am able to saie my selfe that at diuerse other times it was whispered among them in the seminarie that shortlie there should be préests appointed for England to win the people against the appointed time when as a great armie should be readie to ioine with them and Campion who was then at Praga in Bohemia he was spoken of amongst them all to be a rare and singular fellow and therefore generallie was taken for a méet man to be sent about such a message so that they iudged that he should be sent for to be a chiefe man in this matter Well saith Campion it may be they had such an opinion of me which in my selfe I find not to be deserued and it may be that I was appointed to be sent into England according as those other preests were for the sauing of soules and benefit of my countrie must it follow then that we are sent to practise the death of the quéene and to seeke the ruine of our countrie Alas this is a hard case and I desire you of the iurie to marke it for these are but shadowes without anie substance This you are to note that we which enter into that Blessed societie of the Iesuites we doo as it were forsake the world vowing our selues to chastitie and sinceritie of conscience to obeie our superiours and to be readie to go whither they shall appoint vs. If they send vs to the Indies or to anie such places where the people haue not the true catholike faith we are bound by dutie in conscience to go whither they appoint vs. And shall it then be said that we come for the destruction of the prince and countrie where we settle our selues Alas that were a hard case for christian charitie willeth vs to comfort one another and if we can to get the shéepe into the fold which hath long run astraie And when we heare confession we doo not persuade them to anie disobedience for that is against the nature of confession God forbid that we should once thinke anie such thing Behold the subtill shifts that he found out still to flie vnto yea though the manifest disproofe laie before them yet would he find some cauill or other for not onelie the euidence of their generall determination beyond the seas was shewed them but also the traitorous articles were there read vnto them which Iohn Hart had copied out for doctor Allen concerning the procéeding of these traitorous causes and for which he went purposelie to Rome to confer with the pope about and subscribed vnto that they were certeine and true as also their owne confessions and writings were laid open before them approouing them notablie guiltie of the matters aforesaid and yet in their lieng pamâ—hlets scattered here there in sundry hands they haue faces of brasse to report that Insidiae sanctos implicuere viros Charles Sled who sometime serued master doctor Morton in Rome in whose house there was manie matters determined both by doctor Allen when he came to Rome and diuers other doctors liuing there in the citie as also diuerse of the seminarie he likewise vnderstood of the prouision for the great daie that it was generallie spoken of among the Englishmen and to be more certeine he kept a iournall or booke of their dailie dealings noting the daie time place and persons present at their secret conferences and verie much matter hath he iustified against them One Cradocke a merchant when he line 10 was in Rome he vnderstood the aforesaid determination and how that doctor Shelleie the English prior who is a knight of the Rhodes for that he somewhat spake against such crueltie to be vsed to his natiue countrie was somewhat misliked of himselfe and had almost béene turned out of his office And this aforesaid Cradocke being in prison there for the space of twentie moneths and more it was said to him that he might account himselfe blessed of God that he was there bicause he should not sée the grieuous line 20 ruine of his natiue countrie He that hath but halfe an eie may sée how these matters concord and agrée togither and noting euerie thing as it lieth may plainelie sée their horrible and traitorous deuises And further there was a little booke in Latine which they themselues brought ouer with them it was there openlie read vnto them wherin was certeine rules and orders prescribed how they should behaue themselues here in England and how if line 30 they were demanded of anie thing they should make answer indirectlie or to take the word it selfe according as it is mentioned in the booke they must answer Sophisticè whereby is meant as thus If they be examined as concerning their allegiance to hir maiestie they will make their answer after this maner She is our lawfull souereigne ladie quéene and we obeie hir But then obiect vnto them Will you obeie hir notwithstanding the popes exommunication or anie thing that he commandeth to the line 40 contrarie Then will they answer We desire you not to charge our consciences and that you would not enter so deepe into our consciences we trust the pope will not command vs anie thing against hir a hundred such like sléeuelesse answers they make neuer agréeing to anie certeintie but holding the pope in more reuerence than they doo hir maiestie For this consideration they carrie with them that if by their shew of humilitie their deuised order of craftie answering they might mooue our magistrats line 50
hath passed all the rest And trulie the citie had no more but six daies respit to prepare for it as I said before in somuch that they could not put to making anie worke of silke nor of gold and siluer beaten or wouen nor anie imbroderie no nor in so short time make anie meane apparell new nor anie rare costlinesse of imageries pillers triumphall arches or other pageants but were constreined to make a shift with such things as they had in a readinesse aforehand of their owne store In other interteinments there haue in deed beene séene great plentie of riches and roialties in attires of kings and quéenes princes and princesses lords and ladies citizens and their wiues but in this interteinment no such were séene howbeit there was not anie grosenesse nor ought that might not well beséeme the neatnesse and finenesse of that people although it came nothing neere the sumptuousnesse of other interteinements As touching triumphall arches chariots portraitures and such other shewes although there were manie wittie inuentions and agreeable to the time yet haue men séene of them in other places which might match these And as touching the number of their people although it was great yet it is well knowen that Paris excéedeth them in that behalfe But the onelie reason of this contentment commeth chéeflie of the great number of people in armour being not fewer than twentie thousand in so good and so faire armour and of their order and obedience and of the small noise which all that huge multitude made in somuch that if it had not béene for the thundering of the canons and the sounding of trumpets clarions halboies and other instruments there was no more noise than is among a councell of graue men That then was in mine opinion the onlie verie cause which was greatlie furthered by their beholding of the monsieur of Brabant who representing the statelinesse of old time was clothed in a large mantell with the bonnet of his dukedome vpon his head so that among that great number of people which were so well armed that thrée of the best cities in christendome could not shew so manie faire armors of their owne his highnesse resembled a pretious stone or iewell set in fine gold And bicause that they which were the beholders thereof for they could not be euerie where nor sée euerie thing will be verie glad to vnderstand of the things that so escaped them and delight their minds now with the remembrance of the things which they saw before as they delighted their eies and minds with the beholding of them that daie and strange nations to whom the fame of that so renowmed daies worke is come will take pleasure to vnderstand the same whereof they could not be beholders Therefore is this booke set foorth for the satisffing of all men and also to make it knowen to a line 10 number of men who partlie for enimitie partlie for enuie and partlie for other surmises and mistrusts will not beléeue it with what mind and affection the prince of Orange and the other lords and noblemen of Brabant the good cities and the small townes and namelie the most renowmed citie of Antwerp haue receiued their new prince and souereigne lord The ninetéenth daie of the foresaid moneth in the forenoone the monsieur the duke of Aniou departed from Lislo and sailed towards Antwerpe hauing line 20 in his companie but twentie ships for the rest had gotten to Antwerpe afore as well to put themselues in a readinesse as for other affaires And he came about eight of the clocke nigh to the new towne and passing along by the townes side left the foreland of Flanders on his right hand and the towne on his left and passed beyond all the towne and the place where the castell was By the waie he heard all the canons shot off from that part of the towne which faceth the riuer from a great number of ships which line 30 rode at anchor there and he saw all the wharfes furnished with men of warre of the citie well armed who welcommed him with their shot and were answered againe by the ships of warre that accompanied him conducted by monsieur de Treslon and the viceadmerals and diuerse capteins of Flushing And so the first foot that he did set on land in Brabant was at a village called Kiell which is at the canon wharfe at Antwerpe The states of Brabant the magistrates of the citie and diuers other states line 40 comming in like order on horssebacke to the same place with their trumpets sergeants and heralds apparelled in cotes of the armes of Lothier Brabant and Limborough alighted there and waited on foot at the wharfe to receiue his highnesse and to shew him the good will and affection of the states and people But the prease of people was so great which resorted thither to sée the prince whome they looked for to be their duke and againe there were so manie impediments in his landing that it was found better line 50 for them by the aduise of the prince of Orange to returne backe and to tarie for his highnesse vpon a theater which was prepared for him This theater was set vp towards a corner of the castell and opened towards the citie so as his highnesse being there might at one time view both the citie and the castell and behold the counterscarffes the déepe ditches full of faire water cléere to the verie bottome of the chanell inclosed on either side with hewne stone the great and faire buildings line 60 the goodlie walles beautifull to looke on and verie thicke and the broad rampires garnished with trees planted by hand that it resembled a little forest The monsieur was brought vp to this theater accompanied with the prince Dolphin the onelie sonne of the duke of Montpanuser the earle of Leceister and other English lords representing the quéene of England the princes of Orange and Espinoie the countié de Lauall the other English lords the countie de Chateauroux and a great sort of the barons lords and gentlemen besides the chiefe magistrats and maisters of the companies of the citie of Antwerpe The lords of the state of Brabant waiting vpon the theater came dutifullie downe to go and méet his highnesse which thing he perceiuing did stand still Then the prince of Orange stepped foorth to take his place among the states as one of the chiefe lords and barons of the duchie of Brabant As soone as they had saluted his highnesse and with great humblenesse kissed his hand they mounted vp the steps againe with him after whome followed the princes and lords of France and of England and when they were come vp aboue they ranged themselues on either side There was set for the monsieur a chaire couered with cloth of gold wherein he sat him downe And vpon the theater there was likewise a trauerse of cloth of gold and all the theater was
aduentured lim and life line 10 against the enimies of the English commonwelth and therefore in respect of his excellent seruices deserued no lesse remembrance than is alreadie extant of him in print whereof this following is a parcell satrapas praeclarus fortis audax Elisabetha tui speciosi corporis acer Et fidus custos discrimen adire paratus Quodlibet inuicto Mauortis pectore campo Cui virtus persaepè herbam porrexit Hibernus Quem pugnis fulgâ—ns ornat victoria parta line 20 Sanguineis sed laus huic maxima iudicis aequi Edmund Grindall doctor of diuinitie archbishop of Canturburie deceassed at Croidon in Surrie on the sixt daie of Iulie was there buried This good man in his life time was so studious that his booke was his bride and his studie his bridechamber whervpon he spent both his eiesight his strength and his health and therefore might verie well not actiuelie but passiuelie be named as he was Grindall for he groond himselfe euen to his graue by mortification line 30 Of whome much might be spoken for others imitation siâ—h the vse of the historie is to instruct succéeding ages but this shall suffice that as his learning vertue were inseparable companions so the reward of both is the good name which he hath left behind him as a monument perpetuall bicause vertue was the founder of the same according to the true saieng of the late poet importing no lesse Virtutis merces eadem labor illa tropheum est Soláque dat nigrae vincere mortis iter line 40 Nam nisi virtutis quaeratur gloria factis Omnis in extremos est abitura rogos Barnard Randolfe esquier common sargeant to the citie of London deceassed on the seauenth of August This man in his life time somewhat before his death gaue and deliuered to the companie of the Fishmongers in London the summe of nine hundred pounds of good and lawfull monie of England to be imploied towards the conducting of Thames water cesterning the same in lead and castelling line 50 with stone in the parishes of saint Marie Magdalene and saint Nicholas cold abbeie néere vnto old Fishstréet seauen hundred pounds The other two hundred pounds to paie for euer yearelie the summe of ten pounds that is towards the maintenance of a poore scholar in the vniuersitie of Oxenford yearelie foure pounds Towards the mending of the high waies in the parish of Tisehurst in the countie of Sussex where the said Barnard was borne euerie yeare foure pounds And to the poore people of the line 60 parishes of saint Nicholas Oliue in Bredstréet and saint Marie Magdalene néere to old Fishstreet fortie shillings to wit twentie shillings to either parish for euer More he willed and bequeathed by his last will and testament to be bestowed in land or annuities to the reléefe of the poore inhabiting in the wards of Quéenehiue and castell Bainard in the citie of London and in the aforesaid parish of Tisehurst in the countie of Sussex the summe of one thousand pounds This yeare in the moneth of Iune were sent to the seas a ship called the barke Talbot and a small barke both manned with a hundred men vnder the charge of William Borough esquier clerke of hir maiesties nauie for the apprehending of certeine outragious searouers who for that they were manie in number and well appointed contemning the small strength that was set out against them so boldlie behaued themselues as that shortlie after it was confidentlie bruted that they had vanquished in fight the said ship and barke But within few daies after beyond all expectation they were by the said William Borough and his companie discomfited and taken to the number of ten saile whereof three were prises some of the chiefe pirats namelie Thomas Walton alià s Purser Clinton Atkinson William Ellis William Ualentine alià s Bagh Thomas Beuen and foure more on the thirtith of August were hanged at Wapping in the ooze besides London Walton as he went to the gallowes rent his venecian breeches of crimsin taffata and distributed the same péecemeale to such his old acquaintance as stood néere about him but Atkinson had before giuen his murrie veluet dublet with great gold buttons and the like coloured veluet venecians laid with great gold lace apparell too sumptuous for sea-rouers which he had worne at the seas wherein he was brought vp prisoner from Corse castell in the I le of Porbeke to London vnto such his fréends as pleased him before he went to Wapping ¶ This Clinton Atkinson a personable fellow tall of stature and well proportioned of acceptable behauiour when he kept shop for himselfe being a free man of London and like enough to doo well if he had taken good waies had his name of the late earle of Lincolne now deceassed who christened him being an infant by whose speciall meanes being growne a proper man he was not long before saued from the like death and yet thorough want of grace making relapse fell within danger of law He descended of honest parents his father speciallie being a man of verie honest name one that loued the truth for the testimonie wherof he forsooke his owne natiue countrie leading a hard life with his familie beyond the seas in queene Maries daies returning to England at the inthronization of our gratious queene Elisabeth in the seat roiall was made minister in which vocation he died in Gods fauour and the good opinion of his neighbors leuing behind him among other sonnes this his eldest sorted as you sée to the shame which malefactors of that qualitie and so conuinced can not auoid This auoweth he that knew the man as well as the right hand from the left Where to conclude we are to marke that it is not alwaies true that good parents haue good children for here is an example of degeneration procured not by euill education for this Clinton wanted no good bringing vp but by bad companie and libertie the verie spoile of many a one that otherwise might liue thriue Wherin by the way we are to woonder at the counsels of God who suffreth children so much to varie from their parents in qualitie as if they had not receiued their birthright but were bastards changlings but to end with the prophet Dauids saieng Intima consilij non penetranda Dei On the eighteenth daie of September Iohn Lewes who named himselfe Abdoit an obstinate heretike denieng the godhead of Christ and holding diuers other detestable heresies much like to his predecessor Matthew Hamont was burned at Norwich On the two and twentith of September Albertus de Lasco palatine of Siradia in Poland before spoken of now when he had well viewed the order of our English court and nobilitie with other places of this realme especiallie the vniuersitie of Oxenford c taking leaue of hir maiestie and of the nobilitie he departed towards Poland But before we make
hir maiestie and hir councell to be notorious practisers verie inward with the duke of Guise and contriuers of the treasons and deuises for the inuasion intended And for verie certeine knowledge thereof we néed not be beholding to Francis Throckemorton onelie although he hath said much of them but to others of better credit than himselfe That the duke of Guise did vndertake the enterprise to inuade the realme with a forren power to be defraied by the pope and king of Spaine a part of maister Throckemortons confession and he in truth the first discouerer thereof to hir maiestie if he will say that it was but inuention it will approue false For since he discouered the same there haue béene diuerse aduertisements thereof sent to hir maiestie from forren princes hir highnesse louing neighbors and alies as also by other good meanes and intelligences from hir ambassadors and seruants residing in other countries If he denie as he hath doone that he neuer had knowledge of anie such matter when he confessed the same it hath no likelihood of line 10 truth for Throckemorton was neuer knowne to be a prophet to foretell things Defuturo He resorted often to the Spanish ambassador at the least twise a wéeke when he was in London this often repaire could not be to conferre with the ambassador for the exchange of monie for his brother as he pretended at his arreignement there was some other cause When he was apprehended he had a casket couered with gréene veluet verie cunninglie conueied out of his chamber by a maidseruant line 20 of the house taken vp vnder a beds side in his chamber one of the gentlemen who were sent to apprehend him then being in the chamber vnknowing thereof which casket not long after his apprehension was by one Iohn Meredith a follower of Throckemorton conueied to the hands of the Spanish ambassador And why to him If the matters therein might well haue abidden the light why should not the casket haue béene kept still at home And if not there why not sent to some other place of line 30 safetie as well as to the Spanish ambassador It is to be conceiued that this casket was not conueied thither without the direction of Francis Throckemorton though caried by Meredith who did well know of what moment the matters were that were within the casket of what danger to Throckemorton if they had béene disclosed therefore meant to bestowe them in a safe place where they could not readilie be had as he thought and with a person not vnacquainted with the qualitie of them After the line 40 deliuerie of the casket Meredith fled for in truth he was priuie to the treasons and a fellow practiser in them To whome Francis Throckemorton being taken short at the time of his apprehension and forced to run vp a staire to deface a letter which he was then in writing to the Scotish quéene in cipher as he hath confessed being suddenlie apprehended and so forced to depart awaie presentlie out of his house deliuered priuilie into the hands of Meredith either the cipher by the which he was writing his letter line 50 to the Scotish quéene or a letter in cipher by him written vnto hir therefore he trusted Meredith as a man priuie to his dooings You are also to vnderstand that Throckemorton was in verie great feare of the discouering of this casket after his apprehension For remaining two or thrée daies prisoner in the house of one of the gentlemen that were sent to apprehend him before he was committed to the Tower he was permitted to talke with a solicitor of his law causes who brought him line 60 certeine bookes drawne or other like papers written which he made shew to peruse But that was not the matter why he sent for his solicitor for in perusing the bookes he conueied into them a little péece of paper vpon the which he had written with a cole I would faine know whether my casket be safe or to the like effect The solicitor departing from him and resorting to Throckemortons house not far distant from the place where he remained prisoner opening his papers did shake out this peece of paper which he tooke vp and deliuered to one of Francis Throckemortons men but the casket was alreadie conueid to the Spanish ambassador Wherby you wil perceiue what care he had of the casket how much it might import him to haue the writings or matters within the same concealed He being examined touching the casket and what was in the same he denied at the first that euer he had anie such casket but finding afterwards that the casket was discouered he confessed the casket and said there were certeine letters therein that came to his hands for the Scotish quéene from Thomas Morgan at Paris and other letters and papers but confessed not all as it is supposed That Charles Paget came ouer into the realme to euill purposes as Throckemorton dooth declare in his confession could not be inuented for euen at the same time that he mentioneth Paget came ouer in secret and suspicious maner staied not aboue fiftéene daies indeuored in a sort to find the disposition of William Shellie esquier how he might stand affected to giue assistance to the treasons although Paget discouered not directlie his traitorous intents to Shellie therefore all Throckemortons confessions were not forged or inuented But bicause the two papers produced at his arreignement conteining the description of the hauens for the commodious landing of forces doo most apparantlie condemne him and are a manifest argument of his priuitie to the whole treason you may not forget that he acknowledged one of the papers written in the secretarie hand to haue béene of his owne dooing but denied the other written in the Romane hand In the which vnder the title of Cheshire c is said Upon the landing of forren supplies Chester shall be taken But what in your opinions might be vnderstood by that sentence Chester shall be taken when you shall compare the paper in the secretarie hand with the other written in the Romane hand intituled The names of noblemen and gentlemen in euerie countie fit to be dealt withall in this matter which in truth were both one although the Romane were somewhat more inlarged the question is to be asked What matter The answer followeth necessarilie To assist the forren forces that shall come to inuade the realme for that there is an other title in that paper ouer the names of the hauens c Hauens in euerie coast fit for the landing of forces Now iudge you to what end these names of men and descriptions of hauens their entries capacities what winds bring vnto them from Spaine France and Flanders were written and set downe by Throckemorton the papers are both of his owne handwriting and the secretarie but a proiect or copie of the Romane Is it not likelie thinke you that he would acquaint the
the bodie of the townes and communalties of the aforesaid countries haue a firme hope that your maiestie will not sée them perish according to the desire of their enimies which make this long and cruell warre all which outrages the states of the said low countries following the diligence and band which they owe to their burgesses and citizens are to susteine repell and to turne from them by reason of the manifest tyrannie seruitude which the Spaniards attempt to bring in to laie vpon the poore people thereby to preserue their liberties rights priuileges and franchises with the exercise of the true christian religion whereof your maiestie by good right carrieth the title of protectrice and defendresse against which the said enimies and their associats alreadie haue and still doo make manie leagues deuise manie subtilties treasons and ambushes not ceasing dailie to practise and imagine them against the person of your maiestie and to the preiudice of the rest of your realme and states whome the good God hath preserued vntill this present for the wealth of the christians and sustentation of their churches Wherefore Madam it is so that for these causes reasons other considerations the said states haue assembled and concluded vpon a good and firme resolution to haue recourse vnto your maiestie sith it is an ordinarie matter amongst all people and oppressed nations in their calamities and oppressions to craue support and fauour against their enimies of kings and princes neere vnto them but especiallie of those who be indued with magnanimitie pietie iustice and other princelie vertues to which effect the states haue appointed vs to come vnto your maiestie to present vnto the same the principalitie souereigntie and iust gouernment of the said prouinces vnder certeine good and equall conditions chieflie concerning the preseruation of the exercise of the reformed religion and of the ancient priuileges liberties franchises and customs and next of the administration of the affaires policie and iustice of the warres in the said countrie And although that these countries haue susteined much hurt by these long and continuall warres and that the enimie hath taken diuers strong places and forts in the same countries yet there is besides the same in the countries of Brabant Gelderland Flanders Malmes Ouerset manie good townes and places which defend themselues against the force of the enimie and the countries of Holland Zeland Utricht and Frise be yet thanks be to God entire and whole in which there be manie great and strong townes and places faire riuers and déepe ports and hauens of the sea out of which your maiestie and your successors may receiue diuerse good seruices fruits and commodities whereof it is néedlesse here to make anie long recitall Onelie this amongst other matters deserueth good and especiall consideration that the vniting of those countries of Holland Zeland Frise and the townes of Sluze and Ostend in Flanders vnto the realmes of your maiestie importeth so much as the absolute gouernement of the great ocean sea and by consequence an assurance and perpetuall felicitie for the subiects of your woorthie maiestie Which we most humblie beséech that it will please the same to condescend vnto vs in the said points and conditions line 10 and in that which followeth which is that you will for you and your lawfull successors in the crowne of England be protectors of the reformed religion as the principall iusticer and souereigne gouernor of the said countries and consequentlie to receiue the people of the same as your most humble and most obedient subiects vnder the protection and continuall safegard of your maiestie they being a people assuredlie so faithfull and louing to their princes and lords be it spoken without vaunting as anie other line 20 nation is throughout christendome In dooing whereof Madam you shall preserue manie goodlie churches which it hath pleased God to assemble in these latter times in the same countries at this present in manie places greeuouslie afflicted and you shall deliuer the same countrie and people of late before the vniust deeds of the house of Spaine verie rich and florishing through the great commoditie of the sea ports hauens riuers traffike and merchandize whereof they be naturallie indued line 30 You shall I saie Madam deliuer them from ruine and perpetuall bondage of bodie and soule being a worke right roiall and most magnificent acceptable to God profitable to all christianitie woorthie immortall commendation answerable to the magnanimitie and heroicall vertues of your maiestie and ioined with the assurance and prosperitie of your dominions and subiects Wherevpon we present vnto your maiestie the said articles and conditions reuerentlie praieng the King of kings line 40 to preserue your maiestie from your enimies to increase your glorie and felicitie and for euer to keepe you in his holie protection ¶ This oration ended and the summe thereof considered it pleased the quéenes maiestie by direction of hir wise and politike councell to incline hir hart alwaies pitifull and replenished with commiseration to the ease and reléefe of the said oppressed people And bicause hir owne subiects should not be vtterlie line 50 vnacquainted with hir highnesse dooings in that case there was published by authoritie a booke thereof as in due place hereafter followeth On sundaie the fourth of Iulie Charles lord Howard late lord chamberleine was made lord admerall and Henrie lord Hunsdon was made lord chamberleine of houshold On the fift daie of Iulie Thomas Awfeld a seminarie priest and Thomas Weblie diar were arreigned at the sessions hall in the Old bailie found guiltie condemned and had line 60 iudgement as fellons to be hanged for publishing of bookes conteining false seditious and slanderous matter to the defamation of our souereigne ladie the quéene and to the excitation of insurrection and rebellion as more at large appeareth in their indictments These were on the next morrow to wit the sixt of Iulie executed at Tiborne accordinglie On thursdaie the sixteenth of Iulie by the sudden fall of a bricke wall in Thames stréet of London neere vnto Downegate fiue persons were ouerwhelmed and slaine to wit a man his wife the wife being great with child and two children the one their own the other a nurse child and a poore man that liued by charitie hauing no knowne dwelling place On the same sixteenth of Iulie was sir Francis Russell knight lord Russell third sonne to Francis Russell earle of Bedford slaine with a dag in the borders of Scotland beside Berwike by a Scot borne in those parts as they met vpon a true daie as more at large appeareth in the historie of Scotland On the next morrow to wit the seuentéenth of Iulie Francis Russell earle of Bedford knight of the garter and one of hir maiesties priuie councell father to the late named sir Francis lord Russell slaine on the borders of Scotland deceassed and was honorablie buried at Cheinies in
driuen to depart thense vnto the Camber at Rie which then was a notable good rode though now vtterlie decaied or into the Isle of Wight For in a sudden flaw or storme of wind at southeast there haue beene seuen or eight ships broken all to péeces in one daie vpon the said cliffes To reléeue and amend the same harborough and somewhat to mitigat the foresaid inconuenience line 10 there was a round tower builded by one Iohn Clarke préest maister of the maison de Dieu about the yeare one thousand fiue hundred at the southwest part of the said baie which serued somewhat to defend the ships from the rage of the southwest wind but especiallie to moore the ships which were tied therevnto For manie great ringles were fastened to the same tower for that purpose as it maie yet be séene sith it standeth there at this houre And hereby that part of the baie was made so pleasant as euer after line 20 that corner hath béene named and is at this daie called Little paradise Neuerthelesse this was thought verie insufficient in respect of the place for the safegard of such a multitude of ships as vsuallie laie for harbour in that rode For besides all strange botes which commonlie repaired thither it appeareth in the booke of Doomesdaie that Douer armed yearelie at his proper charges twentie vessels to the sea by the space of fiftéene daies with one and twentie able men in ech ship line 30 Now about the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and two one sir Iohn Thomson clarke parson of the parish of saint Iames in Douer being a man ingenious and séeing the conueniencie and possibilitie of a good hauen to be made in that place consulted with the cheefe and best mariners of the towne Among whome it was agréed that humble sute should be made to the kings maiestie by the state of the towne for his gratious fauour and aid toward the making of a good hauen there And it was also line 40 by them all thought meet that the said sir Iohn Thomson should exhibit their petition to his highnesse whervnto he agréed and drew a plot and prepared a supplication in the name and behalfe of the towne conteining the necessarie causes and reasons deuises and instructions for the erection and building thereof But he told them he was poore and therefore vnable of his owne proper charges to follow the sute In which respect they collected among themselues and deliuered vnto him foure pounds ten shillings which line 50 he accepted and foorthwith repaired to the court where he so demeaned himselfe as he had present accesse to the king who heard his sute with great fauor and debated with him about the contents of his plot and liked so well of his informations that he willed him to repaire home and without delaie to returne to his presence accompanied with some of the best mariners or seamen of the towne and so with commendations dismissed him for that time When the maisters of the towne vnderstood his graces pleasure they immediatlie assembled themselues line 60 and made choise of Edward Maie Robert Iustice Richard Cowchie and Iohn Steward as the fittest and skilfullest persons to vse conference and to be imploied in that cause being all mariners of good experience These foure and the said sir Iohn Thomson without further staie resorted to the court with whom when the king had communed he conceiued of the necessitie of a hauen to be there had and of the probabilitie and likelihood of good successe in the enterprise to be performed according to their suggestion And because his maiestie vnderstood the poore estate of the towne he granted his gratious aid for the supplie of their want of monie deliuering at that time out of his owne cofers vnto them the summe of fiue hundred pounds wherewith he willed them to make a beginning of the worke At which time he bestowed on the said sir Iohn Thomson the maistership of the maison de Dieu of Douer which was a hospitall valued at one hundred and twentie pounds by the yeare the custome and dutie of the which house was as the ancient townesmen informe me to interteine and reléeue souldiors and others which came from beyond the seas hurt or distressed who were allowed some reléefe there by the space of certeine daies gratis which though I find not directlie set downe in record yet doo I know assuredlie the same to haue beene put in execution wherewith the verie name of the house is agréeable and as it were a credible witnesse The king at that time also appointed the said sir Iohn to be principall surueior of the works and vnder him the other foure to be ouerseers of the same Now am I to giue you to vnderstand that the drift and deuise of the said sir Iohn Thomson was to erect a huge wall which he termed by the name of a pierre from Arcliffe chapell being the southwest part of the baie directlie towards the east into the maine sea about 131 rods in length so as by that meanes the harborough was to be garded from the rage of all weather comming from the north northeast northwest and southwest and so the entrance onelie at east southeast whereinto when the ships were once brought they might there lie safe in all weather at the one side or the other But the pierre was not finished by 350 foot so far as the foundation thereof which he called the Molehead was laid which foundation consisted of great rocks brought from a place néere hand called Hakcliffe or the castell Raie and Folkestone This pierre was begun on S. Annes daie 1533 and it was compiled of two rowes of maine posts great piles of fiue or six twentie foot long set at each side close togither which were let downe and put in certeine holes hewed in the great rocks laid for that purpose but some of those piles were shod with iron and driuen into the maine rocke of chalke with a great engine called a ram These posts and piles were combined and held togither with iron bolts and were filled with mightie stones of chalks as also with beach and other earth but the bottome consisted altogither of great rocks of stone which if they had not béene brought thither by a speciall deuise must néeds haue béene extreame chargeable for manie of them were of twentie tun a péece and few vnder The practise of this charge is now common but it was before that time rare vnknowne in England and inuented there by a poore simple man named Iohn Yoong who first with a nutshell after with an egshell lastlie with a small vessell made proofe what weight those things could raise beare in the water and hauing by that experiment made triall or at least a probable coniecture that stones of great weight might be raised and carried in the water by greater vessels he
till after supper but remained alwaies there with sir Thomas Scot in continuall businesse extreme charge not onelie in respect of their owne table but also in regard of strangers who came to sée them and the workes whose charges they commonlie defraied Besides that they did not seldome line 50 times bestow rewards bountifullie vpon the poore workmen who vpon sundrie occasions were driuen to worke longer than the rest and with more difficultie for some at some times wrought in danger of life ofttimes in the waters vp to the wasâ— or shoulders And among the rest to whome I could rather wish a liberall recompense than a due praise there was in these workes a poore man named Iohn Bowle borne and brought vp in Romneie marsh whose dexteritie of hand fine and excellent inuentions in executing difficult works and whose willing line 60 mind and painfulnesse for his owne part with furthering and incoraging of others ought in some calling to haue beene honored and in his poore estate should not be forgotten As touching the residue of the commissioners they for their parts if they were in health did almost dailie visit the works with as great care for the good procéedings thereof as was possible Sir Iames Hales was this yeare chosen by the generall voice and consent of the commissioners and with the good allowance of the lords of the councell treasuror for the works as sir Thomas Scot was the two yeares precedent and did not onelie discharge the office and dutie thereof with commendation and iust account which amounted almost to fiue thousand pounds but beside his often repaire at other times during the works he did continue there by the space of one whole month while sir Thomas Scot by meanes of a sicknesse taken vpon the wals was absent and all that time kept a bountifull table and vsed great diligence in continuall ouersight and furtherance of the works whereof Thomas Digs esquier was generall surueior commended thervnto by the lords of the councell who although he made his chiefe abode then at London yet did he often repaire to the works and seriouslie bent himselfe to set forward the same there being also a carefull sollicitor in that behalfe Certeine of the iurats chiefe magistrats of the towne were by two at once dailie assigned to be directors and setters foorth of the carriages and to sée the courts well filled these also did refuse their allowance being eight pence the daie and did neuerthelesse verie diligentlie attend vpon their charge their names were Iohn Watson Iohn Garret William Willis Thomas Brodgat c. There were eight men called guiders standing at eight seuerall stations or places of most danger to guide and helpe the driuers distressed or troubled with their cattell or courts and to hasten them forward for the default of one did make staie of the whole companie and these had eight pence the daie There attended also at the wals eight men called vntingers to loose and vndoo the tackle of euerie court immediatlie before the vnloding or sheluing thereof and were allowed eight pence the daie Then were there eight sheluers which pulled downe the courts as soone as they came to the place where it was néedfull to vnlode and these were chosen of the strongest and nimblest men hauing ten pence the daie There were also eight tingers whose speciall office was to lift vp the courts immediatlie after they were vnloden and to make fast their tackle for the driuers hasted foorth without making anie staie otherwise all the companie must haue â—arried for them these had eight pence the daie The number of the laborers which were to shouell abrode and laie euen the earth chalke and sléech as soone as it was vnloden was vncerteine they had six pence and eight pence the daie A great manie marshmen were assigned to laie the sléech vpon the sides of the wals and were called scauelmen and had twelue pence the daie The number of béetlemen also were vncerteine who serued to beat or driue the sléech to the sides of the wals and to breake the great stones of chalke laid on the wals as also to leuell the earth and to worke it close together hauing for their wages eight pence the daie Manie marshmen also were appointed to arme the sides of the wals after they were sléeched had twelue pence and some sixtéene pence the daie The order of arming was in this maner First beginning at the foot of the wall they laid downe a row of fagot through euerie one of the which they driue a néedle or stake about foure foot long hauing an eie or hole at the great end Then doo they edder it with thorne and other prouision for that purpose and lastlie driue a keie or woodden wedge being one foot and a halfe long through the eie of the néedle to kéepe downe the edder which staith downe the fagot Also there was an inferiour purueior for fagot thorne néedles keies c who for his horse himselfe was allowed for euerie daie he trauelled two shillings The clerke of the works who kept all the reckonings of the expenditor through whose hands all the monie passed he at fiue a clocke in the morning togither with the expenditor called euerie one that wrought that daie and saw euerâ—e court furnished and recorded all this in his booke and such as were absent had no allowance that daie if they came late their wages was totted at the expenditors good discretion There was one Iuline appointed to attend vpon Poins his groins he was a Dutchman and more expert in those kind of water workes than Poins himselfe his wages was first I meane in Poins his time two shillings a daie afterwards to wit whilest these workes were in hand and better husbandrie was vsed he had but foure grotes a daie line 10 And thus much touching the offices and officers duties Euerie court was most commonlie filled ouer night and in the morning at six of the clocke they all approched orderlie to the place where the wall should be made The first driuer for good consideration was chosen to be a sufficient and a diligent person and that court to haue a good gelding for as he lead â—he danse so must they all follow line 20 When the first court came nigh to the place where he should vnlode one vntinged it and the driuer procéeded with his court either into the ouze or water or as néere therevnto as they could and bringing his horsse about in his returne when the taile of the court was turned to the water side the sheluer plucked downe the lode as far into the chanell as he could The driuer neuer staied but went foorth for a new lode the tinger runneth after and pulleth vp the court and fasteneth the tackle and goeth presentlie line 30 with spéed to doo likewise to another and so dooth the vntinger When
to helpe the poore with monie or vittels needfull To make malt of oates in countries where there hath béene vse thereof No waste of bread corne superfluouslie nor anie expense thereof but for féeding of people None suffered to make starch of anie graine Able poore people to be set to worke Stocks of monie for prouision of works for poore people Clothiers to continue their worke-folks line 10 Souldiors hurt and impotent people to be relieued in their dwelling places That no millers be suffered to be common buiers of corne nor to sell meale but to attend to the true grinding of the corne brought to vse measurable tole these deare seasons Conferences to be had betwixt the iustices of peace in the shires and the principall officers of cities and townes corporat for prouisions of graine for the inhabitants in cities and corporat towns Order for places exempted from the iurisdiction line 20 of the iustices of peace in the bodies of the shires Regard to staie all transportation of graine out of the realme Certificat to be made of the execution of these orders monethlie to the shiriffe and he to certifie the same to the priuie councell within euerie fortie daies To certifie what iustices be absent from the seruice that such as without iust excuse shall not attend maie be displaced and their rooms if there be need supplied The conclusion of these orders is this Ad verbum That if anie shall offend against the true meaning line 30 of these instructions or of anie part thereof or shall vse anie sinister meane to the defrauding thereof that such be seuerelie punished according to the lawes and for such obstinat persons as shall not conforme themselues the iustices shall at their plesure bind them to appeare before the quéenes maiesties priuie councell by a daie certeine there to be further delt with by seuere punishment for the better example of all others Now as Holinshed and such as with painfull care and loue to their countrie haue thought good before me to knit vp the seuerall reigne of euerie seuerall king with a generaltie of the seuerall writers in that princes daies So haue I béene importuned by manie of my friends to knit vp the said whole historie with a particular catalog of all such as haue purposelie in seuerall histories of this realme or by the waie in the histories of other countries written of England and English matter For which cause line 50 with the title of other anonymall chronicles I haue here for that purpose by order of alphabet set downe the same Wherein although I shall not set downe euerie mans name nor of what time qualitie euerie one was for he is not liuing I suppose that can doo the same yet hauing doone my good will therein and that more than perhaps some others would haue doone I praie thée to beare with the defaults and accept that which I haue doone and could doo And although perhaps I maie set downe line 60 one man twise as first by his name and then set downe the worke without his name as another seuerall thing yet is it not of purpose doone or to the end that I would make a great shew and séeme ambitious of names or knowledge but for that I haue not as yet atteined to that perfection which hereafter I hope to doo in distinguishing of the same For Rome was not built in one daie yet if one daies foundation thereof had not beene first laid it had neuer béene after builded and so to the matter A Abbo Floriacensis liued in the time of Dunstane archbishop of Canturburie to whome he dedicated his booke Abbas Wiseburgensis Nicholaus Adams liued in the daies of king Edward the sixt Alfric Abbas Alfric that gathered the liues of the saints in Saxonie which I sometimes had it maie be that these two were all one man Alfridus Beuerlacensis thesaurarius whom Leland calleth Aluredus Fibroleganus Alanus abbat of Teukesburie one of the foure that writ the Quadrilogium of Thomas Becket in the time of king Iohn Alexander Hessebiensis he writ Epitome Britannicae historiae Alexander Somersetensis Alexander Staffordiensis Aelius Spartianus Alured or Alfred king of England in the yeare of Christ nine hundred and thrée Adam Merimuth canon of Paules in the reigne of Richard the second Anianus Marcellinus Richardus Angeruil surnamed De Berie bishop of Durham died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred fortie and fiue Antoninus Arnold of London in the time of king Henrie the eight Asserius Meneuensis Aurelius or Aluredus Riualensis Robert Auersberie B Sir Nicholas Bacon knight lord kéeper of the great seale vnto queene Elisabeth Benedictus Claudiocestrensis Balantine a Scot William Baldwin liued in the time of king Edward the sixt Stephan Batemaine died in the yere one thousand fiue hundred eightie and foure Beda an English Saxon died in the yere of Christ seuen hundred thirtie and two G. de Barrie archdeacon of S. Dauids writ the life of Remigius bishop of Lincolne Iohn Bale flourished in the time of Edward the sixt Barnardus Andreas writ a chronicle intituled Liber Barnardi Andreae Tolosati poetae laureati regij historiographi de vita atque gestis Henrici septimi in whose time he flourished Robert Boston in the time of Edward the second Rafe Baldocke bishop of London vnder Edward the second Peter Basset in the time of Henrie the fift whose life he did write Robert Bale recorder of London he died in the yere of our Lord one thousand foure hundred thrée score and one about the latter end of the reigne of Richard the second Edmund Bedenhame writer of the chronicles of Rochester Iohn Bramus and not Bromus as saith Bale a moonke of Tedford Iohn Bracklow a Benedictine moonke in the yeare one thousand two hundred fourtéene Iohannes Brompton historiae vetus quam contulit Iornal monasterio as hath Mathew Parker In vitis episcop Cantu Ferdinando Blake liued in the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred foure score and foure Bodinus Iohn Bouchet a Frenchman of Aquitaine Nicholas Brodingham or Brodringham Iohn Bosue of Burie Blondus Foroliuiensis Henrie Bradshaw borne in Chester a blacke moonke there in the time of Henrie the eight Iohn Burgh a moonke in the daies of K. Edward the third Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of the same name in Northfolke in the daies of king Henrie the sixt sir Iohn Bourchier knight lord Barnes translated Froissard Bullerus Roger Bond Thomas Buckhurst lord Buckhurst now liuing Stephan Birchington George Buckhanan liued in the yere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and foure score C Thomas Castleford sir William Cicill knight lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England now liuing William Caxton liued in the daies of king Edward the fourth Campbell Carion a Germane Caradocus Lancarnauensis liued in the daies of K. Stephan Iulius Caesar a Romane Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent an Augustine frier died in the fourth yere of king
Edward the fourth in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred thrée score and foure Cornelius Hibernensis Cornelius Tacitus Albertus Crantz Iohn Caius died in the reigne of our quéene Elisabeth William Campden now liuing George Cauendish gentleman vsher vnto cardinall Woolseie whose life he did write Iohn Clinu or Linu an Irishman he flourished in the yere of Christ one thousand three hundred and fiftie Rafe Coggeshall abbat of Coggeshall in Essex liued in the time of king Henrie the third and writ the appendix to Radulphus Niger Thomas Cooper bishop of Winchester now liuing Richard Carguent flourished in the daies of king Edward the first Thomas Churchyard now liuing D Demetrius a Britaine Diodorus Siculus Dionysius line 10 Dion Cassius Thomas Dando a Carmelit frier of Marleborow writ the life of Alphred king of Mercia or rather of west Saxons and liued in the time of king Henrie the sixt Diouionensis Dolensis writ De laudibus Britonum E Edmerus a moonke of Canturburie liued in the time of Henrie the second Elwardus Eutropius a Romane préest Enguerrant de Monstrellet a Frenchman and scholer in Paris in the time of king Henrie the fift Edmund Campian a Iesuit line 20 brought vp in Oxford executed in the yere of our Lord 1581 Iohn Euersoen a moonke of Burie flourished in the time of king Edward the first and so continued in the time of king Edward the third Ernulphus bishop of Rochester liued in the time of king Henrie the second and compiled Textus Roffensis conteining the grants of the lands to the same house the copies of sundrie ancient lawes in the Saxon toong Thomas Elmeham prior of Lenton F Robert Fabian alderman of London liued in line 30 the time of Henrie the seuenth Geffreie Fenton now liuing Samuell and Abraham Flemings both liuing brethren by one bellie and Londoners borne Quorum prior historiolam quandam de regimine Mariae nuper Anglorū principis eámque elegantem Latino idiomate nunquā tamē excusam cōtexuit posterior in hisce chronicis detergēdis atque dilatandis vna cum vberrimorū indicum accessione plurimùm desudauit Iohannes Fibernis or Beuer writ the historie of Westminster Iohn Froissart Ferculphus Flaccus Albinus or Alcuinus Philip line 40 Flattesberie a woorthie Irish gentleman flourished in the yere 1517 Iohn Fourdon a Scot Iohn Fox a learned diuine that writ the Acts and Monuments and is now liuing George Ferres liuing in the yere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred thrée score and eight Fabius Questor Florentius Wigornius died about the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred and eightéene being about the eightéenth yeare of king Henrie the first G Robert Gagwin a Frenchman Iohn Greie line 50 bishop of Norwich in king Iohns time Thomas Gardiner a moonke of Westminster in the time of Henrie the eight Robert Glouer by office named Somerset now liuing a most rare antiquarie and woorthily deseruing to be named Scientissimus antiquitatū Francis Guiciardine an Italian liuing in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred three score and eightéene Laurence Guiciardine Gildas Sapiens Gildas Cambrensis Gildas Badonicus Gildas Albanius Geffreie of Munmouth liued in the line 60 time of king Stephan Iohn Gower knight died about the second of Henrie the fourth Giraldus Cambrensis liued in the time of Henrie the second Richard the first and king Iohn Nicholas Gill a Frenchman Gocelinus first a moonke of saint Berrine beyond the seas and after a moonke of Canturburie Giraldus Cornubiensis De gestis Anglorum Gulielmus Malmsberie in the daies of K. Stephan Gulielmus Parus aliàs Gulielmus Nouoburgensis or Newberie Geruasius Dorobernensis Geruasius Tilberiensis Richard Grafton in the time of quéene Elisabeth Robert Gréene Guido de Columna H Iohn Hales Hugo Albus Petroburgensis in the time of king Iohn Iohn Harding esquier liued in the daies of Edward the fourth Edward Hall a counsellor of Greies inne flourished in the time of Henrie the eight and Edward the sixt Abrahamus Hartwellus Academicus Cantab that writ in verse Regina literata Henrie of Marleborow Gualter Hemigsford a moonke of Gisborne in the daies of Edward the third Hector Boetius a Scot Hirmannus archdeacon in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée score and ten Heribert de Bosham one of the foure that writ the life of Thomas Becket Hoclet one that liued in the time of Henrie the sixt in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred fiftie and foure Iohn de Hexam and Richard de Hexam liued in the daies of king Richard the first Wilfrid Holme vnder Henrie the eight Raphaell Holinshed in the time of queene Elisabeth William Harrison now liuing Iohn Harrison doctor of arts and of physicke Rafe Higden aliàs Cestrensis flourished in the time of Edward the third Iohn Higgins now liuing Roger Houeden liued in the time of king Iohn Hugo de sancto Victore Hugo Abbas Petroburgensis it maie be that Hugo Abbas before this Hugo were one man although for this time I suppose the contrarie Hugo de Genesis an Italian Iohn Hooker aliàs Uowell now liuing I Iehan de Bauge Iohannes Maior a Scot Iohannes Seuerianus Iohannes Carnotensis one of the foure that writ the Quadrilogium of the life of Thomas Becket Iohannes Anglicus writ Historiam aureā Iehan Maior de Belgis Iohannes Londoniensis Iohn a moonke of Ford Iossridus Crowlandensis Ingulfus abbat of Crowland in the daies of William Conqueror Thomas Ichingham whome Leland calleth Thomas Vicanius Iosephus Domnoniensis Ioceline of Furneis Peter de Icham or Itham a moonke whose booke beginneth Non solùm audiendis sacrae scripturae verbis aurem sedulus auditor accomodare tenetur which booke Caius de antiquitate Cantab. dooth ascribe to Robert Remington as after shall appeare Iulius Capitolinus In vita Antonij Pij K Albertus Krantz a Dane Kentigernus Henrie Knighton liued in the time of king Richard the second L Lanfrancus that writ a chronicle in Welsh Stephan Langton bishop of Canturburie writ the life of king Richard the first Iohn Leland in the time of Henrie the eight and Edward the sixt William Lambard esquire now liuing and deseruing well of all antiquitie George Lillie Humfreie Lhoid he died in the time of queene Elisabeth Piers de Longtoft Thomas Lanquet Iohn Lesle a Scot bishop of Rosse in Scotland now liuing Iohn Langden bishop of Rochester M Marcerius an Englishman of whom Iohn Baconthorpe speaketh in the prolog of the fourth booke of Senten quaest 10. Iohn Maluerne moonke of Worcester continued Ranulphus in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred thrée score and sixtéene Marianus Scotus liued about the yeare of Christ one thousand foure score and ten Matthew Paris Matthew Westminster aliàs Flores historiarum a moonke of Westminster and liued in the king time of Edward the third Thomas More knight lord chancellor of England Thomas de la More knight liued in the daies of Edward the second Radulphus
c. Executed note 944 a 50 b 10. ¶ Sée Conspirators Fugitiues Noblemen Sandwich and Traitors Recantation of certeine Anabaptists at Paules crosse 1260 b 50. Of Cranmer how detested of him at his death 1131 b 60. ¶ Sée Barnes and Crome Smith Sermon Reconciliation signified by kissing of the pax 78 a 10 Rées king of Wales slaine in battell 20 b 50 Rées ap Meridoc accused and executed 288 b 30 Reformation ought to be no priuat mans but the princes action 1051 b 20 60 Register for christening and burieng c in euerie church to be kept 945 a 40 Religion altered 1090 b 40 1123 b 30. Trouble persecutions for it 1127 a 20. Professors therof persecuted 1132 a 10. It goeth not by age but by truth 1143 a 60 Aduanced note 992 a 60. Beareth the blame is counted the cause of rebellion note 1054 a 10 20. Reformed in Edward the sixts daies 979 b 40 50 c. A booke touching the reformation thereof published 940 b 60. Laid open to great danger 256 a 50 A conference thereabouts with the clergie on both sides 1182 a 40 c 1183 a 10 c. Restored into the English toong 1172 a 10. Commissioners sent abrode to establish it 1184 b 50. None charged with capitall crimes being of a contrarie religion and professing to withstand forren forces 1360 b 30 50 1361 a 10 c. Of Rome established by act of parlement note 519 a 30. ¶ Sée Moonks Treason Religious houses giuen Henrie the eight in parlement 992 b 10. Giuen to Henrie the eight 939 b 40. Uisited 939 a 60. Henrie the eights promises for the well disposing of them 971 a 60. Suppressed 1184 b 60. ¶ Sée Abbeies Reliks ¶ Sée Becket Christ Hales Remes besieged 392 b 60. The citizens thereof saue their corne fields from destroieng by sending vittels to the English host 426 b 10 Remelie ¶ Sée bishop Remelius ¶ Sée Ramelius Remigius bishop of Dorchester depriued of his crosier ring 9 a 40. Remission of sins granted to as manie as would fight against Clement the antipape note 441 a 60 b 60 442 a 40 Rent for a mans owne lands by the yeare paied 8 a 40 Repentance of yoong king Henrie before his death his superstitious deuotion his death buriall 107 a 10. Of rash aduancement note 76 b 30. Of an act past 128 a 10 Of a déed doone not forséeing losses to insue 170 b 30. Too late 193 b 40 note 32 a 60 1104 a 30 517 50. Of William Rufus in his sicknesse note 20 a 50. Of duke William for his crueltie against the English 14 b 60. Despised of a desperat malefactor at his death 1061 a 60. Report that Richard ment to yéeld vp Calis to the French kings hands 462 a 10. False of Henrie the eights death 823 a 30. Occasion of rebellions 941 b 40. Of great disquietnesse 777 a 10. How hurtfull and troblesome 1006 b 10.47 b 50. In the starre-chamber against ladie Elisabeth 1102 a 10 40 Request granted vpon necessarie constraint 2 b 20. Of the commons denieng a subsidie 410 b 10. ¶ Sée Demands and Petitions Reuenge of the Londoners 338 b 50. Of the people for the death of one whome they fauoured 12 b 60. Against the dead bodie of duke William for iniurie past 15 a 50. Of the duke of Austrich vpon king Richard the first 136 a 10 20. Of king Iohn vpon the white moonks 162 a 40. Of Richard the first a bastard for the death of his father being a king note 160 b 60. Sought by the French king for the death of duke Arthur 167 a 60. Of sir Robert de Twing vpon the Romans 214 b 60. Of the lord Mortimer against the Welshmen 263 b 50. Of Edward the first vpon the Scots 312 a 40. Of duke William for the losse of his subiects 10 b 30 Of a bishop in a riotous maner 247 a 60. Of Henrie the third vpon the bishop of Elie 247 a 10 Of wrongs iniuries multiplied 170 a 10 20 Of iniuries 137 b 10. Of remembred grudge 1089 a 40. A notable example to forbere it note 1117 b 40. Of an old grudge note 636 b 10. Upon reuenge note 840 a 20 841 a 10 c. Counselled and pursued note 204 a 40 50 Of an old grudge 210 a 10 Interchangeable 204 b 10 For cuckoldrie 211 b 60. For wast 257 a 10. Noblie taken note 447 b 60. Upon reuenge 446 a 30. With murther 447 a 50. Neglected where it might haue béene executed note 459 b 30 40. Of murther with murther 368 a 50 Taken as occasion serued 340 a 30. Sought for murthering a bishop 12 b 20. Of almightie God vpon lasciuious disordered liuers note 424 a 10. ¶ Sée Enuie Malice and Murther Reseruations and prouisions apostolike 365 a 60 Resignation by compulsion recompensed 1134 b 40 Restitution of townes to king Edward the third by the French king 360 b 60 Rewards how they preuaile and worke with a wicked mind 747 b 30 40. Uerie large offered to the duke of Britaine to betraie the earle of Richmond into Richard the third his hands 747 a 60 b 10. Corrupt a kéeper of a prisoner 152 a 20. ¶ Sée Bribes Gifts Monie Rhods taken by Soliman Ottoman the Turke 876 b 10 c Rendered vp vnto him 877 a 10 20 Rice ap Thomas swereth fealtie and seruice to the earle of Richmond 753 b 40. ¶ Sée Rées Rich lord saileth into Ireland 1258 b 60 Richard the first crowned king of England 117 a 10. In armes against the French king 146 a 60. His bastard sonne Philips reuenge note 160 b 60. His practises to get monie 143 b 60. 144 a 10 20 Marieth the ladie Berengaria 128 a 40. His letter to the states of England for the deposing of the bishop of Elie 132 a 30. Like to haue béene deliuered into the French kings hands 140 a 10. He the French king in armes they talke togither the emperor disuadeth Richard from peace the war is renewed betwixt them they talke togither againe a peace conditionall concluded 148 all Offended with the bishop of Elie lord chancellor 145 b 30 He transporteth ouer into France 144 b 10 Crowned king anew 143 b 30. His grant of allowance to the king of Scots when he came to England 143 a 50. His commandement not obeied 140 b 50. Winneth Notingham castell 142 a 60. Released out of captiuitie 141 a 10. Returneth into England his triumphant receiuing into London 141 b 40 50. Raiseth his siege from Gisors 152 a 10. He and the earle of Tholouse agréed 151 b 30 His lands wasted by certeine Gascoignes 137 a 60. Setteth things to sale for his going to the holie land 120 a 40 His thrée daughters and how he bestowed them in mariage 156 b 20. Charged by the emperor with iniuries doone to the Sicilians 13◠b 20. His wisedome in making his answer 30. Cleared of the murthering of the marquesse of
he tormenteth where he vanquisheth what the will and power of a souereigne ouer a subiect may force in cases of iniquitie where by vertue and grace he be not restrained line 40 the zeale of a parent the pangs of a child but chéeflie the verie plague of Gods wrath and indignation vpon wilfull and obstinate offendors all which at those daies though touched in Naples yet at all times and euerie where so well seruing for example and warning it hath beene thought verie conuenient the same in our stories also héere to be noted which was thus At this time newes were brought into France how king Lancelot the aduersarie to Lewes king of Sicill was departed and in manner line 50 thus It hapned that he fell in loue with a yoong damosell his owne physicians daughter a puzell verie beautifull and he in hope to inioy hir the easilier caused hir father for his consent to be talked withall in the matter which he vtterlie refused to grant and shewed foorth manie reasons for him but at last all causes excuses reiected sith though constreined he must néeds assent feined himselfe willing and content And forceing talke with his daughter vpon his mind in the matter cheeflie how méet it were line 60 she vsed his counsell how best with the king to keepe hir still in grace he gaue hir a little box of ointment and instruction withall that when the king should come to haue his will she should afore with that balme annoint all hir wombe the damosell on good obseruation did after at oportunitie as hir father taught hir Héerevpon so pittifullie came it to passe that the verie same night the king laie with hir his bellie and hirs were by and by set as it were all on a sindging fier with torments of such vnquenchable scorching and burning euen into the verie entrailes that he of his kingdome his life his loue and she of hir princelie promotion thus soone both togither made a sorrowfull end After the plaie of this lamentable tragedie the physician fled for his safetie and straight vpon the newes king Lewes gathered a great assemblie wherewith to passe towards Naples and sent before a good companie vnder the lord Longnie marshall of France In the second yeare of his reigne king Henrie called his high court of parlement the last daie of Aprill in the towne of Leicester in which parlement manie profitable lawes were concluded and manie petitions mooued were for that time deferred Amongst which one was that a bill exhibited in the parlement holden at Westminster in the eleuenth yeare of king Henrie the fourth which by reason the king was then troubled with ciuill discord came to none effect might now with good deliberation be pondered and brought to some good conclusion The effect of which supplication was that the temporall lands deuoutlie giuen and disordinatlie spent by religious and other spirituall persons should be seized into the kings hands sith the same might suffice to mainteine to the honor of the king and defense of the realme fiftéene earles fiftéene hundred knights six thousand and two hundred esquiers and a hundred almesse-houses for reliefe onelie of the poore impotent and needie persons and the king to haue cleerelie to his coffers twentie thousand pounds with manie other prouisions and values of religious houses which I passe ouer This bill was much noted and more feared among the religious sort whom suerlie it touched verie neere and therefore to find remedie against it they determined to assaie all waies to put by and ouerthrow this bill wherein they thought best to trie if they might mooue the kings mood with some sharpe inuention that he should not regard the importunate petitions of the commons Wherevpon on a daie in the parlement Henrie Chichelie archbishop of Canturburie made a pithie oration wherein he declared how not onelie the duchies of Normandie and Aquitaine with the counties of Aniou and Maine and the countrie of Gascoigne were by vndoubted title apperteining to the king as to the lawfull and onelie heire of the same but also the whole realme of France as heire to his great grandfather king Edward the third Herein did he much inueie against the surmised and false fained law Salike which the Frenchmen alledge euer against the kings of England in barre of their iust title to the crowne of France The verie words of that supposed law are these In terram Salicam mulieres ne succedant that is to saie Into the Salike land let not women succeed Which the French glossers expound to be the realme of France and that this law was made by king Pharamond whereas yet their owne authors affirme that the land Salike is in Germanie betwéene the riuers of Elbe and Sala and that when Charles the great had ouercome the Saxons he placed there certeine Frenchmen which hauing in disdeine the dishonest maners of the Germane women made a law that the females should not succéed to any inheritance within that land which at this daie is called Meisen so that if this be true this law was not made for the realme of France nor the Frenchmen possessed the land Salike till foure hundred and one and twentie yeares after the death of Pharamond the supposed maker of this Salike law for this Pharamond deceassed in the yeare 426 and Charles the great subdued the Saxons and placed the Frenchmen in those parts beyond the riuer of Sala in the yeare 805. Moreouer it appeareth by their owne writers that king Pepine which deposed Childerike claimed the crowne of France as heire generall for that he was descended of Blithild daughter to king Clothair the first Hugh Capet also who vsurped the crowne vpon Charles duke of Loraine the sole heire male of the line and stocke of Charles the great to make his title seeme true and appeare good though in déed it was starke naught conueied himselfe as heire to the ladie Lingard daughter to king Charlemaine sonne to Lewes the emperour that was son to Charles the great King Lewes also the tenth otherwise called saint Lewes being verie heire to the said vsurper Hugh Capet could neuer be satisfied in line 10 his conscience how he might iustlie keepe and possesse the crowne of France till he was persuaded and fullie instructed that quéene Isabell his grandmother was lineallie descended of the ladie Ermengard daughter and heire to the aboue named Charles duke of Loraine by the which marriage the bloud and line of Charles the great was againe vnited and restored to the crowne scepter of France so that more cléere than the sunne it openlie appeareth that the title of king Pepin the claime of Hugh line 20 Capet the possession of Lewes yea and the French kings to this daie are deriued and conueied from the heire female though they would vnder the colour of such a fained law barre the kings and princes of this realme of England of their right and lawfull inheritance The archbishop
further alledged out of the booke of Numbers this saieng When a man dieth without a sonne let the inheritance descend to his daughter At length hauing said sufficientlie for the proofe of the kings iust and lawfull title to the crowne of France line 30 he exhorted him to aduance foorth his banner to fight for his right to conquer his inheritance to spare neither bloud sword nor fire sith his warre was iust his cause good and his claime true And to the intent his louing chapleins and obedient subiects of the spiritualtie might shew themselues willing and desirous to aid his maiestie for the recouerie of his ancient right and true inheritance the archbishop declared that in their spirituall conuocation they had granted to his line 40 highnesse such a summe of monie as neuer by no spirituall persons was to any prince before those daies giuen or aduanced When the archbishop had ended his prepared tale Rafe Neuill earle of Westmerland and as then lord Warden of the marches against Scotland vnderstanding that the king vpon a couragious desire to recouer his right in France would suerlie take the wars in hand thought good to mooue the king to begin first with Scotland and therevpon declared line 50 how easie a matter it should be to make a conquest there and how greatlie the same should further his wished purpose for the subduing of the Frenchmen concluding the summe of his tale with this old saieng that Who so will France win must with Scotland first begin Manie matters he touched as well to shew how necessarie the conquest of Scotland should be as also to prooue how iust a cause the king had to attempt it trusting to persuade the king and all other to be of his opinion But after he had made an end the duke of Excester line 60 vncle to the king a man well learned and wise who had béene sent into Italie by his father intending that he should haue béen a preest replied against the erle of Westmerlands oration affirming rather that he which would Scotland win he with France must first begin For if the king might once compasse the conquest of France Scotland could not long resist so that conquere France and Scotland would soone obeie For where should the Scots lerne policie and skill to defend themselues if they had not their bringing vp and training in France If the French pensions mainteined not the Scotish nobilitie in what case should they be Then take awaie France and the Scots will soone be tamed France being to Scotland the same that the sap is to the trée which being taken awaie the trée must néeds die and wither To be briefe the duke of Excester vsed such earnest and pithie persuasions to induce the king and the whole assemblie of the parlement to credit his words that immediatlie after he had made an end all the companie began to crie Warre warre France France Hereby the bill for dissoluing of religious houses was cléerelie set aside and nothing thought on but onelie the recouering of France according as the archbishop had mooued And vpon this point after a few acts besides for the wealth of the realme established the parlement was proroged vnto Westminster ¶ Some write that in this parlement it was enacted that Lollards and heretikes with their mainteiners and fauourers should be Ipso facto adiudged guiltie of high treason but in the statute made in the same parlement against Lollards we find no such words albeit by force of that statute it was ordeined that persons so conuicted executed should lose their lands holden in fée simple and all other their goods and cattels as in cases of felonie During this parlement there came to the king ambassadors as well from the French king that was then in the hands of the Orlientiall faction as also from the duke of Burgognie for aid against that faction promising more as was said than laie well in his power to performe The king shortlie after sent ambassadors to them both as the bishop of Durham and Norwich with others Moreouer at this parlement Iohn the kings brother was created duke of Bedford and his brother Humfrie duke of Glocester Also Thomas Beaufort marquesse Dorset was created duke of Excester Immediatlie after the king sent ouer into France his vncle the duke of Excester the lord Greie admerall of England the archbishop of Dubline and the bishop of Norwich ambassadors vnto the French king with fiue hundred horsse which were lodged in the temple house in Paris keeping such triumphant cheere in their lodging and such a solemne estate in their riding through the citie that the Parisiens and all the Frenchmen had no small meruell at their honorable port The French king receiued them verie honorablie and banketted them right sumptuouslie shewing to them iusts and Martiall pastimes by the space of thrée daies togither in the which iusts the king himselfe to shew his courage and actiuitie to the Englishmen manfullie brake speares and lustilie tournied When the triumph was ended the English ambassadors hauing a time appointed them to declare their message admitted to the French kings presence required of him to deliuer vnto the king of England the realme and crowne of France with the entier duchies of Aquiteine Normandie and Aniou with the countries of Poictiou and Maine Manie other requests they made and this offered withall that if the French king would without warre and effusion of christian bloud render to the king their maister his verie right lawfull inheritance that he would be content to take in mariage the ladie Katharine daughter to the French king and to indow hir with all the duchies and countries before rehearsed and if he would not so doo then the king of England did expresse and signifie to him that with the aid of God and helpe of his people he would recouer his right and inheritance wrongfullie withholden from him with mortall warre and diâ—t of sword ¶ This in effect dooth our English poet comprise in his report of the occasion which Henrie the fift tooke to arrere battell against the French king putting into the mouthes of the said king of Englands ambassadors an imagined speech the conclusion whereof he maketh to be either restitution of that which the French had taken and deteined from the English or else fier and sword His words are these raptum nobis aut redde Britannis Aut ferrum expectes vltrices insuper ignes The Frenchmen being not a little abashed at these demands thought not to make anie absolute answer in so weightie a cause till they had further line 10 breathed and therefore praied the English ambassadors to saie to the king their maister that they now hauing no opportunitie to conclude in so high a matter would shortlie send ambassadors into England which should certifie declare to the king their whole mind purpose and intent The English ambassadors returned with this answer making relation
life of his father giuen great proofe of continuance to descend to their posteritie in that he in these his yoong yeares hath beene after his trauell ouer the most part of Europe twise imploied in ambassages for the seruice of his countrie first to the king of Portingall now to the king of Scots with whome I will at this time set end to this discourse of the Woottons On the one and twentith daie of Iune Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland prisoner in the Tower of London vpon vehement suspicion of high treason was there found dead and also of his owne diuelish intent and of his malice before pretended to haue murthered himselfe as more manifestlie and at large may appeare by an inquisition made by a substantiall iurie taken before the coroner as followeth verbatim with the record ¶ A copie of the said inquisition AN inquisition taken at the citie of London that is within the tower of London in the parish of Alhallowes Barking in the ward of the Tower of London on Mondaie being the one and twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie Elisabeth by the grace of God quéene of England France and Ireland defendor of the faith c the seuen and twentith before William Squier gentleman coroner to our said souereigne ladie the quéene within the citie of London and the liberties of the same vpon the view of the bodie of Henrie Persie knight late earle of Northumberland late prisoner there within the Tower of London aforesaid for suspicion of high treason by him supposed to be doone there lieng dead and slaine by the othes of Nicholas Whéeler Simon Horssepoole Thomas Gardener William Leaueson Owen Morgan Henrie Lodge William Abraham William Horne Thomas Russell Iohn Porter Robert Dowe Anthonie Hall William Curtis Thomas Wood Matthew Dolman Thomas Martin Richard Sleford Iohn Trot Philip Smith Thomas Tailor and Henrie Bowdler of good and lawfull men of the same ward and of thrée other wards to the same ward next adioining as the maner and custome is in the citie aforesaid to inquire how in what maner and when the said Henrie Persie late earle of Northumberland came to his death Which iurie doo saie vpon their oths that on the line 10 one twentith daie of this instant moneth of Iune in the yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie Elisabeth by the grace of God quéene of England France and Ireland defendor of the faith c the seuen and twentith aforesaid and long before the foresaid Henrie late earle of Northumberland prisoner in the Tower of London situat in the parish of Alhallows Barking aforesaid in the ward of the Tower of London aforesaid for suspicion of high treason aforesaid by him against our souereigne ladie line 20 the quéene supposed to be committed and the foresaid earle so remaining prisoner and being placed in a certeine chamber within the Tower of London aforesaid there prisoner remaining imagining and intending himselfe diuelishlie and feloniouslie to kill and murther before the foresaid one twentith daie of Iune that is to saie the sixtéenth daie of Iune in the seuen and twentith yeare aforesaid did prepare a certeine dag of iron and stéele of the value of ten shillings and also certeine bullets of lead and a certeine quantitie of gunpowder conteined in a line 30 certeine small box and caused the foresaid gun the bullets of lead and the gunpowder to be brought into the foresaid chamber vnto him the same earle of Northumberland and to be deliuered to the same earle then and there by the hands of Iames a Price yeoman to execute his diuelish and felonious purpose and intention Which dag aforesaid the foresaid earle caused secretlie to be hidden in a certeine mattris vnder the bolster of his bed in the chamber aforesaid and line 40 then and there the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune in the seuen and twentith yeare aforesaid betwéene the houres of twelue and one in the night of the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune thinking and intending to prosecute and follow his diuelish intention and purpose aforesaid did bolt the doore of the foresaid chamber and the inner part of his said chamber towards himselfe least anie man should foresée or withstand his diuelish felonious and malicious intent and the said doore of his foresaid line 50 chamber being so bolted the same earle then and there into his bed himselfe did laie and vpon this afterward that is to saie the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune in the seuen twentith yeare aforesaid about the houres aforesaid within the Tower of London aforesaid situat and being in the parish of Alhallows Barking aforesaid in the ward of the Tower of London aforesaid not hauing the almightie God or his feare before his eies but being moued and seduced by the instigation of the diuell of his line 60 malice afore pretended did take vp into his hands the foresaid dag of iron and stéele then and there made readie charged with gunpowder and thrée bullets of lead and the foresaid dag to the left part of his breast neere vnto the pappe of the same part of his brest then and there feloniouslie and diuelishlie did put and vpon the same part of his brest the foresaid dag did discharge By reason of the violence of which gunpowder and of the foresaid thrée bullets of lead the foresaid earle into his bodie and heart and through his chine-bone euen into his right shoulder himselfe then and there with the foresaid bullets of lead feloniouslie and voluntarilie did strike giuing vnto himselfe then and there one mortall wound of the depth of twelue inches and of the bredth of two inches of which mortall wound aforesaid the foresaid earle within the Tower of London aforesaid the daie yeare parish and ward aforesaid instantlie died And so the iurie dooth saie vpon their oths aforesaid that the foresaid earle the daie yeare and place aboue written of his diuelish intent aforesaid and of his malice before pretended feloniouslie and voluntarilie himselfe did kill and murther in manner and forme aforesaid against the peace of our souereigne ladie the quéene hir crowne and dignitie But what goods and cattels the foresaid earle in the time of the felonie and murther to himselfe aforesaid committed had or as yet hath the iurie knew not c in witnesse whereof c. ¶ This was the verdict of the iurors wherby the manner how and the matter whereby the earle dispatched himselfe is trulie declared which being taken for truth as deseruing no lesse the parties welworthie of credit it remained to prouide for the bestowing of his wretched carcase which on the thrée and twentith daie of Iune was buried in saint Peters church within the said Tower of London This was the end of that gracelesse earle the manner of whose murther and part of his treasons are here dilated as the same was publikelie
deliuered in the Star-chamber and after published in a booke intituled A true and summarie report of the declaration of some part of the earle of Northumberlands treasons deliuered publikelie in the court at the Starchamber by the lord Chancellor and others of hir maiesties most honorable priuie councell councell learned by hir maiesties speciall commandement togither with the examinations depositions of sundrie persons touching the maner of his most wicked and violent murther committed vpon himselfe with his owne hand in the Tower of London the 20 daie of Iune 1585. MAlice among other essentiall properties perteining to hir ouglie nature hath this one not inferior to the rest and the woorst incredulitie wherewith the commonlie possesseth the minds and affections of all those that are infected with hir so blinding the eies iudgement of the best and clearest sighted that they cannot see or perceiue the bright beames of the truth although the same be deliuered with neuer so great puritie proofe circumstance and probabilitie It is said that no truth passeth abroad vnaccompanied with hir contrarie and as they go truth is euer constreined to yeeld the precedence and preheminence to hir yokefellow falshood whose lodging is alwaies first made and prepared without a harbenger in the corrupt nature of mankind by whome she is first receiued interteined and harbored at all times wherof in our dailie experience there happen manie and dangerous demonstrations especiallie in matters of the highest moment tending to excuse or accuse the actions of the greatest personages There was of late deliuered in publike by persons of honour credit and reputation a large declaration of certeine treasons practised by the late earle of Northumberland of the maner of his vntimelie death being with his owne hand murthered in the Tower and of the causes that wrought him therevnto The particularities whereof are such and so manie as for the helpe of my memorie comming then to the Starchamber by occasion and not looking for anie such presence of the nobilitie and priuie councell as I found there at that time and not looking for anie such cause of that nature to haue béene handled there that daie I tooke notes of the seuerall matters declared by the lord chancellor maister attourneie and solicitor generall the lord chiefe baron and maister vicechamberlaine for as I remember they spake in order as they are here marshalled and therefore I place them in this sort and not according to their precedence in dignitie Upon the hearing of the treasons with their proofs and circumstances and the desperat maner of the earles destruction deliuered in that place and by persons of that qualitie I supposed no man to line 10 haue beene so void of iudgement or the vse of common reason that would haue doubted of anie one point or particle thereof vntill it was my chance falling in companie with diuerse persons at sundrie times as well about the citie of London as abroad to heare manie men report variablie and corruptlie of the maner and matter of this publike declaration possessing the minds and opinions of the people with manifest vntruths as that the earle had béene vniustlie deteined in prison without proofe or line 20 iust cause of suspicion of treason and that he had beene murthered by deuise and practise of some great enimies and not destroied by himselfe These slanderous reports haue ministred vnto me this occasion to set forth vnto thy view and consideration gentle reader this short collection of the said treasons and murther as neere vnto the truth as my notes taken may lead and permit me with the view of some of the examinations them selues concerning this cause for my better satisfaction since obteined Which I line 30 haue vndertaken for two respects the one to conuince the false and malicious impressions and constructions receiued and made of these actions by such as are in heart enimies to the happie estate of hir maiesties present gouernement the other because it may be thought necessarie for the preuenting of a further contagion like to grow by this créeping infection in the minds of such as are apt though otherwise indifferent in these and the like rumors to receiue the bad as the good and they the most in number Wherein if I haue séemed more bold than line 40 wise or intermedled my selfe in matters aboue my reach and not apperteining vnto me I craue pardon where it is to be asked and commit my selfe to thy friendlie interpretation to be made of my simple trauell and dutifull meaning herein Upon the three and twentith daie of Iune last assembled in the court of Starchamber sir Thomas Bromleie knight lord chancellor of England William lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England line 50 George earle of Shrewsburie lord marshall of England Henrie earle of Derbie Robert earle of Leicester Charles lord Howard of Effingham lord chamberlaine Henrie lord Hunsdon lord gouernor of Berwike sir Francis Knollis knight treasuror sir Iames Croft knight comptrollor of hir maiesties houshold sir Christopher Hatton knight vice-chamberlaine to the quéenes maiestie the lord chiefe iustice of hir maiesties bench the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the excheker line 60 and others The audience verie great of knights esquiers and men of other qualitie the lord chancellor began briefelie and summarilie to declare that whereas Henrie late earle of Northumberland for diuerse notable treasons and practises by him taken in hand to the danger not onelie of hir maiesties roiall person but to the perill of the whole realme had béene long deteined in prison and looking into the guilt of his owne conscience and perceiuing by such meanes of intelligence as he by corrupting of his keepers and other like deuises had obteined that his treasons were by sundrie examinations and confessions discouered grew thereby into such a desperat estate as that therevpon he had most wickedlie destroied murthered himselfe Which being made knowen to the lords of hir maiestees priuie councell order was therevpon taken and direction giuen to the lord chiefe iustice of England the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the eâ—cheker to examine the maner and circumstances of his death which they with all good indeuor and diligence had accordinglie performed And least through the sinister meanes of such persons as be euill affected to the present estate of hir maiesties gouernement some bad and vntrue conceipts might be had as well of the cause of the earles deteinement as of the maner of his death it was therefore thought necessarie to haue the truth thereof made knowen in that presence and then he required hir maiesties learned councell there present to deliuer at large the particularities both of the treasons and in what sort the earle had murthered himselfe Then began Iohn Popham esquier hir maiesties attourneie generall as followeth The earle of Northumberland about the time of the last rebellion in the north in