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body_n	dead_a	soul_n	spirit_n	13,984	5	5.8732	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A85346	Vnheard-of curiosities concerning the talismanical sculpture of the Persians; the horoscope of the patriarkes; and the reading of the stars. Written in French, by James Gaffarel. And Englished by Edmund Chilmead, Mr. of Arts, and chaplaine of Christ-Church Oxon.; Curiositez inouyes, sur la sculpture talismanique des persans. Horoscope des patriarches. Et lecture des estoilles. English.	Gaffarel, Jacques, 1601-1681.; Chilmead, Edmund, 1610-1654, translator.	1650 (1650)	Wing G105; Thomason E1216_1; ESTC R202160	209,056	473

the Liver You may see all the Other Simples in the same Author that represent the rest of the Parts of Man's body as the Breasts Ventride Navell Spleen Entrals Bladder Rheins Privy parts Matrix Backbone Flesh Bones Nerves Pores Veines and even as far as the Privities as the Phallus Hollandica which is particularly described by Adaianus Junius 9. And here it may be Objected that the greatest part of these plants though they be reduced into Ashes yet do they not faile to worke the same Effects and to have the same Quality that they had before and that therefore this Power is to be attributed to the Nature of the Plant and not at all to the Figure which it now no longer retaines when it is once reduced into Powder I answer that though they be chopt in pieces brayed in a Mortar and even burnt to Ashes yet do they neverthelesse retaine by a certaine Secret and wonderfull Power of Nature both in the Juyce and in the Ashes the selfe same Forme and Figure that they had before and though it be not there Visible yet it may by Art be drawne forth and made Visible to the Eye by an Artist This perhaps will seem a Ridiculous story to those who reade only the Titles of Bookes but those that please may see this Truth confirmed if they but have recourse to the Workes of M. du Chesne S. de la Violette one of the best Chymists that our Age hath produced who affirmes that himselfe saw an Excellent Polish Physician of Cracovia who kept in Glasses the Ashes of almost all the Hearbs that are knowne so that when any one out of Curiosity had a desire to see any of them as for example a Rose in one of his Glasses he tooke That where the Ashes of a Rose were preserved and holding it over a lighted Candle so soone as ever it began to feele the Heat you should presently see the Ashes begin to Move which afterwards rising up and dispersing themselves about the Glasse you should immediately observe a kind of little Dark Cloud which dividing it selfe into many parts it came at length to represent a Rose but so Faire so Fresh and so Perfect a one that you would have thought it to have been as Substantial as Odoriferous a Rose as any growes on the Rose-tree This Learned Gentleman sayes that Himselfe hath often tryed to do the like but not finding the successe to answer all the Industry hee could use Fortune at length gave him a sight of this Prodigy For as he was one day practising with M. de Luynes called otherwise De Fomentieres Counseller to the Parliament to see the Curiosity of diverse Experiments having extracted the Salt of certaine Nettles burnt to Ashes and set the Lye abroad all night in a winter Evening in the Morning he found it all Frozen but with this Wonder attending it that the Nettles themselves with their Forme and Figure were so Lively and so perfectly represented on the Ice that the Living Nettles were not more This Gentleman being as it were ravished at the sight sent for the said Counseller to be a Witnesse of this Secret the Rarity whereof he exprest in these Verses Secret dont on Comprend que quoy que le corps meure Les Formes font pourtant aux cendres leur demeure In English thus This Secret proves that though the Body die The Forme doth Still within it's Ashes lie But now this Secret is not so Rare for M. de Claves one of the most Excellent Chymists of our Times shewes the Experient every day 10. From hence we may draw this Conclusion that the Ghosts of Dead Men which are often seen to appeare in Church-yards are Naturall Effects being only the Formes of the Bodies which are buried in those places or their Outward shapes or Figures and not the Souls of those Men or any such like Apparition caused by Evill Spirits as the Common Opinion is The Ancients thought that these Ghosts were the Good and Evill Genij which attended alwaies upon Armies but they are to be excused seeing they knew not how to give any other reason of these Apparitions it being most Certain that in Armies where by reason of their great numbers many die you shall see some such Ghosts very often especially after a Battell which are as we have said only the Figures of the Bodies excited and raised up partly by an Internall Heat either of the Body or of the Earth or else by some Externall one as that of the Sun or of the Multitudes of the Living or by the Violent Noise or Heat of great Guns which puts the Aire into a Heat In Cribr I have elsewhere handled the Curious History of Spirits wherein I have propounded these following Questions Cabal touching these Ghosts namely Whether or no we may by These explaine all the Visions that are mentioned by Writers Whether those Wonderfull Effects which we attribute to Demons or Spirits may proceed from these Figures or not And then Whether they have any Power at all or not And if so Whence they have it And if it be granted they have any Whether they have greater Power then the Dead Body it selfe whence they proceed Or Whether the Dead Body is of more Power then when 't was Living Tom. 2. lib. 4. de caus morber invisib as Paracelsus is of Opinion who saies that Mummie hath in it all the Vertue of Plants Stones c. And that it hath an Occult Magnetique Vertue which draws Men to the Sepulchers of those whom they account to have been Holy men where by the Vertue of the same Mummie there are those Effects wrought which we call Miracles which are observed saith he to be much more Frequent in the Summer then in any other Season of the Year by reason of the Heat of the Sun which awakens and excites the Humour that is in the Mummie But these are meere Fooleries which we there refute by such Principles as the Rabbins have drawn from the Secrets of this so Famous and Renowned Mummie After those other Questions these follow namely Whether or no these Wonderfull Formes which proceed from the Bloud the Bones or the Ashes of Dead Bodies may serve for an Undeniable Argument of the Resurrection a thing unknown to most of the Philosophers Whether after they are Raised up they can in any thing be serviceable unto us And Whether by their Meanes we may be Naturally able to attaine to the Knowledge of diverse Secrets which are Unknowne to Us Diverse other like Questions are there proposed and discussed plainly and thoroughly as I shall let the World see in a short time In the meane while we may safely account the Objection before proposed to be Invalid and of no Force seeing that though the Body be reduced into Ashes yet neverthelesse the Figure is not thereby destroyed 11. And this peradventure is the Reason why it oftentimes raineth Frogs for the Sun drawing up Vapours

Metaphysicks and in the Eighth book of his Physicks he demonstrates that Existence of it selfe is onely proper to God Judge you then what must be the Consequence from hence Besides if any man but examine the Writings of this Philosopher throughout and his manner of using this Terme per se he will find that the Worlds Existence is not a Proposition per se 9. I shall adde to these Observations only one more 7 Politic c. 2. which is that where Aristotle in his Politicks saies that in Ancient times they were wont to give Warriers so many Lilyes as they had obtained Victories Stapulensis to the great Disparagement of the Antiquity of the Armes of France instead of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lilyes corrects the Text and reads 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rings Contra as he saies himselfe antiquam interpretationem But seeing that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was the Old Word by his owne confession let any man judge whether this Capriccio of his be to be endured or not Let us now see whether the Judgment of the world hath been more upright in this Particular Point we now treat of and whether our Modern Philosophers have had any good ground for their endeavouring to overthrow the power of Figures which all the Ancients allowed them or not They therefore first of all urge this Maxime which is indeed generally received by all Learned men namely that Quantitas per se non agit Quantity of it selfe is a Dead Thing and Workes not at all Thus a stone takes no care to move it selfe unlesse some body else move it Otherwise Aristotle had not fled to his Intelligences to give motion to the Heavens We confesse therefore that Quantity of it selfe Operates not at all but to proceed in the syllogisme and conclude that Figure is Quantity is such a thing as Philosophy will never endure I must therefore necessarily lay downe this Position without troubling my selfe to prove it that Figure is a Quality and not Quantity and this being presupposed I shall examine whether it hath any Power to Operate at all or not The Conclusion which I shall here lay downe and on which the whole discourse contained in the two next Chapters shall move is this That Figures of themselves Operate not at all but being applyed or if they be Modificative as the School speaks they may doe something And this is the sense of Aristotle which none of his Interpreters hath hitherto had the good Fortune to apprehend Let us see what himselfe saies and what his manner of speaking is on this Particular 10. There is nothing that more powerfully confutes those that maintain that these Figures are of no force at all then the Greeke Text it selfe if but rightly understood where this Philosopher speaks of Quality for he calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Facultatem seu facilitatem faciendi the word comming from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies Facere to doe And Aristotle himselfe saies that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 renders us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Apt to doe or effect something or as the Learned interpret it Activos Effectivos for which reason Poets are also called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Factores Fabularum Seeing therefore that there are Four Kinds of Quality Habitus Dispositio Patibilis qualitas Passio Potentia Naturalis Impotentia Forma Figura and that it is most certaine that the rest of these are properly said to Operate or as the Philosophers speake ad agendum conducunt as for example a Habitude of Singing a Disposition to Leaping and so of the rest which the Reader may better understand by the Table following which cannot so conveniently be translated into our Language Habitus Dispositio ut Canendi Habitus Dispositio ut Saltandi Patibilis Qualitas Passio ut Calor Patibilis Qualitas Passio ut Ira. Potentia naturalis Impotentia ut Risibilitas Potentia naturalis Impotentia ut Debilitas ad ridendum Why should Men go about to deprive Figure of this Propriety and make it lesse Able and Apt to operate then the other Kinds of Quality are And what reason can there then be given why it should be called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say that it is Effectrix In earnest I cannot see what other reason can be given Besides it is most certaine that a square piece of Wood is not so Apt for Motion as a Round and a Blunt piece of Iron will not pierce so easily as a Sharp one will doe It is the Figure therefore that makes the one of these Apt to rowle about and the other to penetrate and if the share of a Plough were made round in form of a bowle it would never enter the ground A thousand other Instances might be brought out of the Mechanicks CHAP. V. The power of Artificiall Images is proved by that of those that are found Naturally imprinted on Stones and Plants commonly called Gamahe or Camaicu and Signatures THE CONTENTS 1. THe Division of Naturall Figures or Images Gamahe or Camaieu drawne peradventure from the Hebrew word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chemaiah 2. Of diverse rare Gamahes or Stones Painted Naturally and why they are more frequently found in Hot Countries then in Cold. 3. Of other Curious Gamahes not painted mentioned by Pliny Nider Gesner Goropius Becanus Thevet and M. de Breves A new Observation on the Bones of Giants 4. Of Gamahes that are Ingraven and whether those places where ever any Fish shells are found have been covered with water or not 5. Certaine admirable Figures and Signatures that are found in all the parts of Plants Many Choyce Inquiries proposed on this subject 6. The power of these Figures proved and the Objections answered that are brought against it 7. The Secret discovered why a Scorpion applied to the Wound made by a Scorpions sting should not hurt rather then cure it 8. Of the Figures of Plants that represent all the parts of the Body of a Man and that cure the same when Ill-affected 9. The Formes of all things admirably preserved in their Ashes 10. The Ghosts of Dead Folkes that appeare in Church-yards and after great slaughter of Armies whence they proceed Certaine Choyce Questions proposed touching this Argument 11. A New Reason given of the Raining of Frogs which hath sometimes happened 12. Of Figures that are found in living Creatures and what power they have WHen I consider the wonderfull Effects that are found not onely in Plants and in the most stupid of Living Creatures but also even in stones and the most rude and unpolished Flints that are found I confesse I find my selfe very much inclined to the beliefe of that which our Halfe-brained smatterers in Learning account Ridiculous and Fabulous For who would ever have thought that besides those many Wonders which have been discovered to be in the Load-stone but in the daies of our Grandfathers there should yet

directs of Letters various formes When their spread Wings are by the Violent stormes Of strong South-winds assailed by and by In a confused globe all mingled flie The Letter 's lost in their disranked wings For besides that in Battell they never observe any other Order or manner of Marshalling themselves 3. de Animal c. 13. Chiliad alib 2. de nat Deor. De solert Animal et in vit Thesei Ornitholog a man may observe also in their Flight that when either the Wind ceaseth or another begins to blow they presently break their Ranks and cast themselves into another Figure These Truths are largely discoursed of by Aelian Tzetzes Cicero and Plutarch and Particularly by Aldrovandus who reports from diverse of the Ancients that from this Diversity of Figure in the Flying of these Birds Palamedes in the time of the Trojan War took occasion to invent diverse Letters of the Alphabet which he added to those other that the Phoenicians had before In Xenijs Whence Martial Saies Turbabis Versus litera tota volabit Unam perdideris si Palamedis avem And certainly we often see that Cranes in flying do strangely imitate these Greek Letters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lib. 8. var. cap. 2 Cassiodorus goes further yet and assures us that not only some Letters but generally All of them were invented by Mercury in Imitation of the severall Figures he observed in the Flying of these Birds His words are so Considerable as that I think fit to insert them here Ut aliquid certum exquisitum dicere videamur has Literas primum ut frequentior tradit Opinio Mercurius repertor Artium multarum volatu Strymoniarium avium collegisse memoratur Nam hodiè Grues qui classem consociant Alphabeti formas Natura imbuente describunt quas in ordinem decorum redigens vocalibus consonantibusque convenienter admissis viam sensualem reperit per quam altè petens ad penetralia Prudentiae Mens possit alta pervenire They say that Wild-Geese also observe the same Method that Cranes do Now the Letters which all these severall Birds make in their Flying shew us only the Diversity of the winds or else the manner of their ordering themselves in Battell and no more But their Fighting Singing and manner of Feeding and going to Rest are of more Signification then so for these are often Signes of things to come Thus we usually see a Sick person is near his End when a Raven is observed to come croaking and to light upon or fly neer the Chamber where he lies the like whereof is observed also of Scritch-Owles and Horn-Owles Birds which by reason of their delighting in Darkness only and Shady places are accounted Unfortunate and Ominous The Fighting and Gathering together of all other sorts of Birds especially Birds of Prey and which feed upon Flesh doth likewise often foreshew some sad Accident approaching Thus Dion reports that when the Armies of the Triumvirate marched forth against the Complices of Pompey Lib. 50. to take a just Revenge of Coesar's bloud there were seen hovering over the Troops of Brutus and Cassius only great numbers of Ravens and Vultures which by their Many and Fearfull Cries did foreshew the Ruine of These Two Murtherers Neither need we travell so far for Examples of this Nature for we have a like Story to this delivered by Aeneas Sylvius who comming to be Pope was afterwards called by the name of In Europ Pius II. and it is this In that Part of Gallia saith he which is furnamed Belgica not far from the City of Leige a Falcon as she was sitting upon her Eggs in her Nest a company of Ravens perceiving her set upon her and not content with beating her devoured her Egges also and that with such Strange and Unusuall Out-cries as that the Boors and Shepherds thereabout who had observed this Strange Piece of Tyranny acted upon the Faulcon were very much amazed at it But at length the Faulcon though with much adoe being gotten from them the Shepherds thought the Quarrell to be now certainly over and that they should heare no more of these Out-cries But which much increased their Wonder on the Morrow they saw gathered together in the very same place so infinite a number of Faulcons and Ravens as that they could not have believed before that there were so many in the whole world all which were now gathered together to decide this Difference betwixt the Faulcon and the Ravens the Place and Combat being as it were agreed on on both sides The Faulcons pitched their Battell toward the South side of the Place and the Ravens toward the North and both the One and the Other observed their Ranks and Order as exactly and beheld each other with as fierce Countenances as if they had been Armies of Men. At length after they had been observed to keep this Order for some little time some of them being as it were in the Main Body of the Army and others in the Wings the Fight began with such Fury as that in an Instant the place all about was covered with Feathers and Bloud and with dead bodies of both Parties But in Conclusion the Faulcons wonne the Day and it seemed but Reasonable that They who fought in so just a Cause should bear away the Victory Now that this Battell fought betwixt these Birds did presage some Battell to be fought by Men in the same place Edovardus Scleikel endeavoureth to prove by the Event who writing the History of the year 1391. tells us that not long after this happened two Bishops pretending Right each of them to the Bishoprick of Leige were so incensed against each other as that filling all the parts round about with Souldiers they made a Sad and Bloudy Decision of the Controversie For Benedict XII and Gregory XIII whose Factions had likewise made a Division in the Church about the Popedome maintaining each of them the Bishop of his own Election drave on the businesse to so great a Height as that it was to be determined only by the Sword The Liegeois favoured the one Party and John Duke of Burgundy the other But in the end the Duke being stronger then his Enemies gave them Battell in the very same place where these Birds had fought before and wonne the Day with the losse of three Thousand of the Liegeois The like also happened An. 1484. when Lewis D. of Orleans fought against Charles VIII And that I may not trouble my self any further in collecting Instances of this kind you may have recourse to the fore-named Scleikel and Belle-forest who will furnish you with good store of the like Presages Hist Prod. it not being my Purpose to give you a Catalogue of them but only to examine their Cause We say then that Birds may Naturally foreshew sad Accidents approaching if we except all such as depend upon the Will of Man as to give Battell or Not to give Battell for in this