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A09802 The lives of the noble Grecians and Romanes compared together by that graue learned philosopher and historiographer, Plutarke of Chæronea ; translated out of Greeke into French by Iames Amyot ... ; and out of French into Englishe, by Thomas North.; Lives. English. 1579 Plutarch.; North, Thomas, Sir, 1535-1601?; Amyot, Jacques, 1513-1593.; Acciaiuoli, Donato, 1429-1478.; Goulart, Simon, 1543-1628. 1579 (1579) STC 20066; ESTC S1644 2,087,933 1,206

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whereof Liuie deca 3. lib. 7. Romulus and Remus education Romulus a godly man. Remus taken of Numitors heardmen Gods providence Remus oration declaring the birth of himself his brother Romulus Numitors wisdome Faustulus care to saue Remus Amulius perplexed in his minde Manipulares whereof so called Amulius slayne The building of Rome Asylaus temple a sanctuarie for all banished persones and fugitiues Strife betwixt Romulus and Remus Remonium Rignarium The Romains obserue the flying of vulters Remus slayne by Romulus or Celer Celeres wherfore so called Q. Metellus Celer The world Pomoerium why so called The walles holye The feast day of Romes foūdation the 21. Aprill The feast Palilia An eclypse of the moone at the laying of the foundatiō of Rome Varro a philosopher Tarutius a mathematician The hower of a mans natiuitie maye be calculated by his accidents Romulus natiuitie calculated by Tarutius An eclypse of the sunne when Romulus was conceiued in his mothers wombe The Romaine legion 3000 footemen 300 horsemē Romulus instituteth a cōmon wealth VVhat the Patricians Senat● were Patres Conscripti Patroni Clientes The shame of the Romaines to take gifte● of poore men The rauishement of the Sabynes comen Romulus crafte about the rauishement of the Sabynes daughters Consus a god Neptune the god of horsemen The executiō of the rauishment The number of the Sabyne women rauished Hersilia Romulus wife Romulus first daughter called Prima His sonne was called Aollius Abillius The cause why the Romaines dog synge the name of Talasius in ●●●●ages Talassia Matrimoniall ceremonie at Rome Sextillis August Plutat in his proble Consualia The Sabynes what they were Acron king of the Ceninenses maketh warre with Romulus Acron slaine in the field Romulus triumphe The beginning of triumphe Iupiter Feretrian Spolia opima Three Romaines onely obteined spolia opima Tarquinius Priscus the first that triumphed in charet The citties of Fidena Crustumerium Antemna rose all ●●gast Romulus The Sabynes led by Tatius went to besiege the cittie of Rome Tarpeia betrayeth the castell and letteth in the Sabynes Antigonus Augustus Caesar● words of traytors A fit similitude Note the reward of treason Tarpeia pressed to deathe The place of the fight betwext Romulus Tatius Curtius the Sabyne Curtius Lake The Sabynes geue battell to Romulus Hostilius slayne Romulus hit on the head with a stone Iupiter St●tor A wonderfull boldnes of women The wordes of Hersilia and other Sabyne women vnto both armies Romulus and Tatius imparle together Peace betwene the Romaines and Sabynes Quirites why so called Comitium The Romaine legion 6000. footemen 600 horsemē The Romaine tribes Honours geuē to women Tatius and Romulus palaces The holy cornell tree The Sabynes vsed the Romaines moneths Feasts Matronalia Carmentalia Carmenta Lupercalia The Lupercians doe sacrifice a dogge VVhy the Lupercians rōne through the cittie naked The Vestall Nunnes and holy fire instituted by Romulus Lituus Romulus Lawes Parricides No parricide knowen in Rome sixe hūdred yeres together Lucius Ostius the first man that slewe his owne father at Rome Ambassadours slaine comming to Rome The death of Tatius in Lauinium Armilustriū The Sabines obedience to Romulus Romulus tooke the cittie of Fidena Plague at Rome It rained bloude at Rome Camerinum taken of Romulus The incredible valiātnes of Romulus Romulus ●●●●eth peace with the Veians Prosperitie increase of pryde and stomake Celeres Romulus garde Lictores wherefore so called Romulus conurteth the kingdome of Alba to a comon weale Romulus vanished awaye no man knew howe The 17. daye of Iuly an vnfortunate daye to the 〈…〉 The death Africanus Diuers opinions of Romulus death The goate marshe Iulius Proculus ●●● with Romulus after his vanishing Romulus oracle vnto Proculus Romulus called Quirinus and honored as a god Aristeas a Proconnesian taken out of mens fight after b●●us dead Cleomedes As●ypaisis vanished straūgely out of mens sights being fast locked in a chest Alemenes body vanished out of the beere The soule eternall Heraclitus saying of the soule VVhy Romulus was called Quirinus The bill Quirinus Nonae Capravine The warre of the Latines Posthumius generall Philotia a warning maeydes sodaine deuise Romulus age and reigne By what meanes men are provoked to great anteryriser Plato in Phaèdone Loue the minister of the goddes The office of a prince VVherein Romulus was to be preferred before Theseus Romulus loue to his kyuns Theseus detected for obliuion Theseus detected for his rauishements of women Romulus rauishement of women excused No diuorse made in Rome for 230. yeres space Val. Max. sayeth 520. The first wife put awaye in Rome Theseus mariages cause of warres and troubles Romulus more acceptable to the godds then Theseus Xenophon in lib. de Lacedaemon Rep. Of the Heraclides Pausanias Diodorus and Cleme Strom. lib. 1. Lycurgus kinred A subtill promise Prodicos Regents or protectours of yong Kings in minoritie Charilaus king of the Lacedaemonians Herod lib. 1. Dionysius Halic lib. 2. Lycurgus trauelled countryes Thales a poet harper Lycurgus iorney into Asia The prayse of Homers workes Homers poemes vnknowē to the Grecians brought to light by Lycurgus Lycurgus returneth and chaungeth all the cōmon wealth Lycurgus counselleth with the oracle of Apollo as Delphes Chalceoecos Iunos brasen temple Lycurgus instituteth a Senate of the Lacedaemonians Plato de leg 3. 28. were the number of the Senatours Retra of Lycurgus Cnacion st The open seith appointed for place of Counsaill The inflimation of the Ephores Lycurgus wisdome Lycurgus maketh equall diuision of landes vnto the citizens All the lands throughe the countrie of Laconia deuided into 30000. parts All the lands about Sparta into 9000 partes VVhat barley euery parte did yelde Lycurgus chaungeth all golde siluer into iron coyne Lycurgus washe all sellers croftes of an value C●thon a straūge kinde of cuppe of the Lacedaemonian souldiers Lycurgus appointeth order for dyes vnto the Lacedaemonians Alcander strooke out Lycurgus eye Lycurgus pacience and gentlenes Minerua optiletide Andria and Phiditia meales why so called Children were brought to these meales The propertie of a Lacedaemonian The order of receiuing any man into their company at meales The blacke broth Cicero calleth the King. Dionysius the● tyran Tusc. 5. Lycurgus would not haue his lawes written otherwise then in mens myndes Retra for excesse of rye● Epaminondas saying King Leontychidas saying Retra for warres Antalcidar saying The discipline of womē amongest the Lacedaemonians Arist. polis lib. 7. cap. 17. The exercises and discipline of maydes The saying of a Latonian woman Men that would not marye Lycurgus repused infamous by lawe Matrimoniall ceremonies in Lacodaemon Holsome rules for maried couples Lycurgus regard to auoyd iealousie in the common wealth No adultrie showen in Sparta The education of children with the Lacedaemonians Lesche Apothetes Young babes washed with wine The Spartan nurces Pluto of the first Alcibiades Howe the Lacedaemonians children were brought vp It is a kinde of thistle in the Mosse●d tongue● reads Holythias
place nowe called Armilustrium Further he neuer shewed any countenaunce to reuenge his death There are some Historiographers that write that those of the cittie of Laurentum being afeard at this murder dyd deliuer forthwith to Romulus the murderers of the ambassadours He notwithstāding dyd let them goe againe saying one murder was required by another This gaue some occasion of speache to thincke he was glad he was rydde of his companion yet the Sabynes neither sturred nor rebelled for all this but some of them were affrayed of him for the great loue they bare him other for his power he was of other for the honour they gaue him as a god continuing still in duetie obedience towards him Diuers straūgers also had Romulus valiancie in great honour as amongest other those who then were called the auncient Latines which sent ambassadours to him to make league and amitie with him He deuised to take the cittie of Fidena which was nere neighbour to Rome Some saye he tooke it vpon a sodaine hauing sent before certen horse men to breake downe the hookes hingewes with force which the gates hang by him selfe came after with the rest of his armie and stale vpon them before the cittie mistrusted any thing Other write that the Fidenates first inuaded his coūtrye and foraged vnto the very suburbes of Rome where they did great harme and howe Romulus layed an ambushe in their waye as they returned home and slewe a great number of them When he tooke their cittie he did not rase it but made a colonye of it as a place to send the ouerincrease of Rome vnto whether he sent afterwards two thousand fiue hundred Romains to inhabite there it was on the thirtenth daye of Aprill which the Romaines call the Ides of the same moneth Not long after there rose suche a great plague in Rome that men died sodainely and were not sicke the earth brought forth no fruite bruite beasts deliuered no increase of their kynde there rayned also droppes of bloude in Rome as they saye In so much as besides the euills men felt in this extremitie they fell in a marueilous feare of the wrathe of the goddes Afterwards perceiuing the like happened to the inhabitants of Laurētum then euery man iudged it was the very vengeance and heauie hand of the goddes who plagued and punished these two citties for the murder committed vpon Tatius and the ambassadours that were killed Whereupon the murderers of both sides were apprehended and executed and these plagues by and by ceased both in the one and in the other cittie Romulus besides did purifie the cities with certaine sacrifices that he deuised which they keepe still at this daye at the gate called Ferentina But before the plague ceased the Camerines came to assaulte the Romaines had ouercomen all the countrie supposing they should not be able to withstand them bicause they had bene so sore troubled with the plague Yet notwithstāding Romulus set vp on them with his army wanne the field of them in which conflict there were slaine about sixe thousand men After the battell done he tooke their cittie conueyed to Rome the one half of the inhabitants that remained After this he sent twise as many Romaines as there were naturall Cameriās left at Camerine to dwell there among them This was done the first daye of August so great was the multitude of the inhabitāts of Rome that had increased in sixteene yeres from the first foundation of the cittie Emong other spoyles he got there he caried away a charret of brasse with foure horses which he caused to be set vp in the temple of Vulcan and his owne statue vpon it and victorie crowning him with a garland triūphant His power being growen thus great his weake neighbours did submit themselues vnto him being contented to liue in peace by him His stronger neighbours were affrayed of him and enuied much his greatnes and dyd take it no good policie to suffer him thus to rise in the face of the world and thought it meete spedilie to dawnte his glorie and clippe his winges The first of the Thuscans that bent their power against him were the Veians who had a great countrie dwelled in a stronge and mightie cittie To picke a quarell to him they sent to haue redeliuered to thē the cittie of FIDENA which they sayed belōged vnto them This was thought not only vnreasonable but a thing worthy laughing at cōsidering that all the while the FIDENATES were in warre daunger the THVSCANS neuer came to their ayde but had suffered them to be slayne and then came to demaunde their lands and tenements when other had possession of them Therefore Romulus hauing geuen them an aunswer full of mockerie and derision they diuided their power into two armies and sent the one against them of FIDENA and with the other they marched towards ROME That which went against the cittie of FIDENA preuayled and killed there two thousand ROMAINES the other was ouerthrowen and discomfited by Romulus in which there dyed eight thousand VEIANS Afterwards they met againe somewhat neere the cittie of the FIDENATES where they fought a battell and all dyd confesse the chiefest exployte was done by Romulus owne hands that daye who shewed all the skill and valliantnes that was to be looked for in a worthy captaine It seemed that daye he farre exceeded the cōmon sorte of men in strength of bodye feates of armes Neuertheles that which some saye is hardely to be credited to be plaine is out of all compasse of beliefe and possibilitie For they write there were fourteene thousand men slayne at that battell that more then halfe of them were slayne by Romulus own hands the rather for that euery man iudgeth it a vaine bragge and ostentation which the MESSENIANS reporte of Aristomenes who offered in sacrifice to the goddes three hundred beastes of victorie as for so many LACEDAEMONIANS him self had slayne in the battell Their armie being thus broken Romulus suffered them to flye who by swiftnes could saue them selues and marched with all his power in good arraye towards their cittie The citizens then considering their late great losse and ouerthrowe would not hazard the daunger of withstanding him but went out all together made their humble petition sute for peace All was graunted them for a hundred yeres saue they should forgoe their territorie called Septemagium that was the seuenth parte of their countrye yeld to the ROMAINES all their salt houses by the riuers side and deliuer fiftie of their chiefest citizens for their pledges Romulus made his entrie and triumphe into ROME for them the daye of the Ides of October which is the fiftenth daye of the same moneth leading in his triumphe many prisoners taken in those warres among other the generall of the VEIANS a very auncient man who fondly behaued him selfe in his charge and shewed by his
godds Picus Faunus which otherwise might be thought two Satyres or of the race of the Titaniās sauing it is sayed that they went through all ITALIE doing the like miracles wōders in phisycke charmes arte magike which they reporte of those the GRECIANS call Idaees Dactyles There they saye that Numa tooke them both hauing put into the spring both wine honnie were they vsed to drinke Whē they saw that they were taken they trāsformed thēselues into diuers forms disguising disfiguring their naturall shape into many terrible feareful sights to behold Neuertheles in the end pceiuing they were so fast as to escape there was no reckoning they reuealed vnto him many things to come taught him the purifying against lightning thunder which they make yet at this daye with oniōs heare pilchers Other saye he was not taught that by them but that they fetched Iupiter out of heauen with their coniuring magicke whereat Iupiter being offended aunswered in choller that he should make it with heads But Numa added straight of oniōs Iupiter replied of men Then Numa asked him againe to take a litle away the cruelty of the cōma●ndement What heares Iupiter aunswered quicke hears And Numa put to pilchers also And it is reported that this was the goddesse Egeria that taught Numa this subtiltie This done Iupiter returned appeased by reason whereof the place was called Ilicium For Ileos in the Greeke tongue signifieth appeased fauorable this purifying was afterwards made in that sorte These tales not onely vayne but full of mockerie also doe show vs yet plainely the zeale deuotion men had in those times towards the godds vnto which Numa through custome had wōne them And as for Numa him self they saye that he so firmely put all his hope confidēce in the helpe of the godds that one daye when he was told his enemies were in armes against him he did but laugh at it aūswered And I doe sacrifice It is he as some saye that first built a temple to Faith Terme which made the ROMAINES vnderstand that the most holy greateth othe they could make was to sweare by their faith which they kepe yet at this daye But Terme which signifieth bounds is the god of confines or borders vnto whom they doe sacrifice both publickly priuately vpon the limites of inheritaunces now they sacrifice vnto him lure beasts Howbeit in old time they did sacrifice vnto him without any bloude through the wise institution of Numa who declared preached vnto them that this god of bounds was syncere vpright without bloud or murther as he that is a witnes of iustice a keper of peace It was he which in my opiniō did first limit out the boūds of the territorie of ROME which Romulus would neuer doe for feare least in bounding out his owne he should confesse that which he occupied of other mens For bounding mearing to him that will keepe it iustely is a bond that brideleth power desire But to him that forceth not to kepe it it is a proofe to shew his iniustice To saye truely the territories of ROME had no great bounds at the first beginning Romulus had got by cōquest the greatest parte of it Numa did wholy deuide it vnto the nedie inhabitās to releue thē to bring them out of pouerty which carieth men hedlōg into mischief discourageth them to labour to the end that plowing vp the said lande they should also plowe vp the weedes of their own barrēnes to become ciuill gentle For there is no exercise nor occupation in the world which so sodainely bringeth a man to loue desire quietnes as doth husbādrie tillage yet to defend a mans own there is in it corage hardines to fight But greedy desire violētly to take from others vniustely to occupie that is none of theirs is neuer in right husbādmen And therfore Numa hauing brought in husbandrie amōgest his subiects as a medecine meane to make them loue quietnes was desirous to inure them to this trade of life the rather to make them humble gētle of condition then to increase them in riches He deuided all the territorie of ROME into certen parts which he called Pagos as much to saye as villages And in euery one of them he ordeined controllers visiters which should suruey all about he him self somtimes went abroade in persone cōiecturing by their labour the māners nature of euery man Such as he found diligent he aduaunced them vnto honour gaue them countenaūce authoritie other which he sawe slowthfull negligent by rebuking reprouing of them he made them amend But amongest all his ordinaunces which he made one aboue all the rest caried the praise and that was that he deuided his people into sundrie occupatiōs For the cittie of ROME seemed yet to be made of two nations as we haue sayed before and to speake more properly it was made of two tribes So that it could not or would not for any thing be made one being altogether impossible to take away all factions to make there should be no quarrells nor contentions betwene both parts Wherefore he considered that when one will mingle two bodies or simples together which for their hardnes cōtrarie natures cannot well suffer mixture then he breaks beates them together as small as may be For so being brought into a smaller lesser powder they would incorporate and agree the better Euen so he thought it was best to deuide the people also into many small partes by meanes whereof they should be put into many parties which would more easely take away the first the greatest parte when it should be deuided separated thus into sundrie sorts And this diuision he made by arts occupatiōs as minstrells goldsmiths carpinters diers shoemakers tawers tāners bell foūders pot makers so forth through other craftes occupations So that he brought euery one of these into one bodie cōpanie by it self ordeined vnto euery particular mysterie or crafte their feasts assemblies seruices which they should make vnto the godds according to the dignitie worthines of euery occupatiō And by this meanes he first tooke away all faction that neither side sayed nor thought any more those are SABYNES these are ROMAINES these are of Tatius these are of Romulus Insomuch as this diuision was an incorporating an vniting of the whole together Among other his ordinaūces they did much cōmend his reforming of the law that gaue libertie vnto fathers to sell their childrē For he did except childrē already maried so they were maried with their fathers consent goodwill iudging it to be to cruell ouer hard a thing that a woman who thought she had maried a free man should finde her self to be the wife of a bond mā He begāne also to mende a