materia_fw-la circa_fw-la quam_fw-la the_o eat_n and_o drink_v be_v materia_fw-la quae_fw-la this_o be_v the_o very_a thing_n that_o be_v command_v for_o they_o be_v the_o human_a action_n which_o be_v immediate_o under_o precept_n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v the_o matter_n about_o which_o these_o action_n be_v verse_v for_o to_o fulfil_v this_o command_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o eat_v and_o drink_v any_o thing_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o eat_v the_o body_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o secular_o to_o procure_v or_o consecrate_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o when_o it_o be_v exhibit_v to_o they_o it_o be_v in_o their_o free_a election_n to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n which_o by_o this_o precept_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o as_o by_o the_o four_o command_n of_o the_o decalogue_n we_o be_v enjoin_v to_o keep_v holy_a the_o sabbath_n day_n that_o be_v to_o abstain_v from_o servile_a labour_n and_o to_o exercise_v act_n of_o devotion_n but_o the_o precept_n do_v not_o determine_v what_o act_n of_o devotion_n we_o shall_v in_o particular_a exercise_n for_o this_o be_v leave_v to_o our_o free_a election_n either_o to_o hear_v divine_a service_n or_o hear_v the_o word_n of_o god_n explain_v or_o to_o employ_v our_o time_n in_o spiritual_a read_n or_o in_o prayer_n and_o meditation_n etc._n etc._n here_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o circumstance_n hinder_v not_o the_o fulfil_n of_o the_o precept_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o case_n the_o argument_n proceed_v right_o but_o our_o case_n be_v far_o different_a wherein_o the_o legislator_n determine_v we_o to_o particular_a action_n and_o leave_v it_o not_o in_o our_o election_n to_o change_v they_o or_o to_o omit_v either_o of_o they_o so_o he_o that_o take_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o do_v not_o eat_v the_o one_o and_o drink_v the_o other_o fulfil_v not_o the_o precept_n and_o this_o answer_v the_o second_o reason_n the_o three_o objection_n he_o that_o receive_v under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n receive_v all_o christ_n and_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o so_o satisfy_v the_o precept_n according_a to_o that_o of_o cyprian_a domini_fw-la sermone_fw-la de_fw-fr coena_fw-la domini_fw-la potus_fw-la &_o esus_fw-la ad_fw-la eandem_fw-la pertinent_a rationem_fw-la i_o answer_v that_o he_o who_o receive_v only_o under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n though_o he_o receive_v the_o blood_n as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n yet_o can_v be_v say_v to_o drink_v the_o blood_n under_o that_o kind_a for_o that_o which_o be_v eat_v be_v common_o solid_a and_o consistent_a but_o nothing_o can_v be_v take_v by_o way_n of_o drink_v except_o it_o be_v a_o sluid_a and_o a_o liquid_a matter_n wherefore_o to_o receive_v under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n be_v not_o to_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n except_o you_o grant_v that_o one_o may_v drink_v dry_a bread_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o cyprian_a i_o answer_v that_o in_o the_o same_o sermon_n he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v the_o evangelical_n precept_n of_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n by_o the_o same_o text_n except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n etc._n etc._n where_o he_o have_v these_o word_n lex_fw-la esum_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la prohibet_fw-la ibid._n ibid._n evangelium_fw-la praecipit_fw-la ut_fw-la bibatur_fw-la whereby_o he_o express_o declare_v his_o sentiment_n to_o be_v coherent_a with_o we_o in_o the_o word_n above_o cite_v he_o rather_o confirm_v than_o impugn_v this_o doctrine_n for_o he_o declare_v that_o eat_v and_o drink_v belong_v both_o to_o this_o sacrament_n which_o be_v the_o spiritual_a refreshment_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o one_o complete_a banquet_n which_o without_o drink_v will_v be_v imperfect_a and_o incomplete_a the_o four_o objection_n admit_v the_o hypothesis_n of_o a_o precept_n to_o receive_v in_o both_o kind_n yet_o to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n beforementioned_a the_o superior_n of_o the_o church_n according_a to_o the_o prudential_a dictate_v of_o a_o right_a government_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o frame_v a_o epikeia_n by_o a_o ground_a interpretation_n of_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n that_o if_o he_o be_v present_a to_o be_v consult_v herein_o he_o will_v declare_v his_o intention_n not_o to_o have_v his_o law_n execute_v on_o such_o hard_a circumstance_n which_o excuse_v the_o governor_n in_o deny_v the_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o the_o chalice_n and_o exempt_v the_o subject_n from_o be_v transgressor_n first_o i_o answer_v that_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n they_o may_v also_o prohibit_v communion_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n for_o the_o same_o difficulty_n be_v militant_a for_o this_o as_o well_o as_o for_o that_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v second_o i_o answer_v that_o divine_a law_n admit_v of_o no_o epikeia_n nor_o interpretation_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n but_o when_o god_n command_v man_n must_v obey_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o we_o can_v suppose_v any_o defect_n in_o the_o omniscience_n of_o the_o divine_a understanding_n who_o perfect_o penetrate_v all_o future_a event_n and_o circumstantial_a emergency_n before_o they_o come_v to_o pass_v with_o as_o much_o infallible_a certainty_n as_o if_o they_o be_v then_o present_a so_o that_o here_o be_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o for_o the_o prudential_a dictate_v of_o humane_a reason_n but_o humane_a law_n upon_o extraordinary_a accident_n may_v admit_v of_o a_o epikeia_n because_o the_o wise_a legislator_n among_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o future_a contingency_n and_o yet_o such_o may_v happen_v wherein_o a_o rational_a judgement_n not_o bias_v by_o sinister_a motive_n may_v deem_v it_o imprudence_n hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la to_o have_v the_o law_n put_v in_o execution_n and_o therefore_o may_v rational_o interpret_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n to_o suspend_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n under_o such_o arduity_n but_o however_o such_o casualty_n may_v occur_v yet_o humane_a law_n suffer_v no_o detriment_n thereby_o for_o upon_o removal_n of_o such_o hard_a circumstance_n the_o law_n revive_v and_o oblige_v to_o its_o observance_n as_o much_o as_o before_o how_o then_o can_v it_o be_v consonant_n to_o reason_n that_o mere_a man_n shall_v not_o only_o suspend_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o divine_a law_n upon_o a_o incident_a occasion_n but_o prohibit_v the_o observance_n of_o it_o to_o all_o but_o priest_n constant_o and_o for_o perpetuity_n so_o that_o all_o but_o priest_n be_v debar_v from_o the_o observance_n of_o this_o law_n for_o ever_o this_o be_v a_o attempt_n of_o a_o high_a nature_n for_o hereby_o they_o endeavour_v to_o abrogate_v and_o repeal_v this_o law_n as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v for_o ever_o which_o argue_v a_o bold_a and_o dare_a presumption_n very_o injurious_a to_o the_o divine_a conditor_n legis_fw-la the_o five_o objection_n be_v ground_v in_o those_o say_n of_o christ_n where_o he_o only_o mention_n the_o bread_n and_o promise_v eternal_a life_n to_o they_o that_o eat_v it_o 6._o john_n 6._o as_o the_o three_o reason_n propose_v i_o answer_v that_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n our_o lord_n have_v distinct_o explain_v his_o meaning_n more_o than_o once_o of_o eat_v his_o flesh_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n think_v it_o needless_a to_o repeat_v all_o the_o particular_n as_o often_o as_o he_o mention_v this_o sacrament_n so_o that_o the_o meaning_n of_o those_o text_n be_v he_o that_o eat_v this_o bread_n worthy_o and_o in_o the_o manner_n as_o i_o shall_v prescribe_v or_o as_o i_o have_v prescribe_v shall_v live_v eternal_o otherwise_o if_o the_o mere_a eat_n of_o that_o bread_n be_v sufficient_a to_o salvation_n than_o a_o unworthy_a receiver_n may_v be_v sure_a of_o eternal_a life_n which_o illation_n all_o must_v reject_v and_o this_o answer_v the_o three_o reason_n the_o six_o objection_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n in_o its_o primitive_a and_o pure_a time_n which_o be_v to_o administer_v this_o sacrament_n to_o those_o that_o be_v to_o fight_v a_o battle_n and_o to_o such_o as_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o death_n by_o infirmity_n in_o one_o kind_n only_o whence_o it_o ensue_v that_o both_o kind_n be_v not_o necessary_a nor_o under_o precept_n which_o be_v the_o four_o reason_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o precept_n which_o we_o insist_v upon_o be_v positive_a it_o do_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v under_o both_o kind_n toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la neither_o do_v it_o determine_v how_o often_o we_o be_v to_o receive_v under_o both_o kind_n but_o leave_v this_o to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o piety_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o receiver_n so_o that_o by_o receive_v some_o time_n in_o our_o life_n or_o
because_o by_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n our_o redeemer_n eternal_a life_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o receive_v of_o his_o body_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n only_o if_o any_o man_n eat_v of_o this_o bread_n he_o shall_v live_v for_o ever_o 51._o john_n 6._o v._o 51._o and_o again_o he_o that_o eat_v of_o this_o bread_n shall_v live_v for_o ever_o 58._o verse_n 58._o where_o no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o receive_v under_o the_o species_n of_o wine_n and_o yet_o eternal_a life_n be_v promise_v to_o he_o that_o eat_v of_o this_o bread_n therefore_o to_o receive_v christ_n under_o the_o species_n of_o wine_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o salvation_n not_o necessitate_v medii_fw-la because_o the_o bread_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n nor_o necessitate_v praecepti_fw-la because_o no_o such_o precept_n be_v extant_a and_o if_o there_o be_v than_o the_o eat_n of_o the_o bread_n alone_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o salvation_n which_o christ_n himself_o affirm_v to_o be_v sufficient_a the_o four_o reason_n because_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n since_o the_o apostle_n time_n to_o administer_v the_o communion_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n only_o to_o those_o that_o be_v infirm_a and_o reduce_v to_o imminent_a danger_n of_o death_n for_o to_o these_o the_o sacrament_n be_v usual_o carry_v under_o one_o species_n only_o so_o likewise_o in_o army_n before_o a_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v fight_v the_o sacrament_n be_v common_o administer_v to_o they_o only_o in_o one_o kind_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v presume_v that_o the_o church_n in_o its_o great_a purity_n will_v not_o only_o countenance_v man_n to_o transgress_v against_o christ_n precept_n but_o be_v instrumental_a also_o themselves_o to_o the_o violate_v of_o his_o command_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o christ_n lay_v no_o such_o precept_n upon_o his_o church_n nor_o the_o member_n thereof_o the_o five_o reason_n because_o in_o the_o apostle_n time_n one_o species_n be_v in_o use_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o diverse_a of_o the_o father_n who_o hold_v that_o christ_n give_v the_o communion_n in_o one_o kind_n to_o the_o two_o disciple_n that_o be_v with_o he_o at_o emaus_n so_o augustin_n hierom_n chrysostom_n and_o theophylact._n other_o say_v that_o the_o meaning_n of_o that_o place_n and_o they_o continue_v steadfast_o in_o the_o apostle_n doctrine_n and_o fellowship_n and_o in_o break_v of_o bread_n and_o in_o prayer_n be_v of_o this_o sacrament_n act_v 2._o v._o 42._o as_o also_o that_o and_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n when_o the_o disciple_n come_v together_o to_o break_v bread_n etc._n etc._n act_v 20._o v._o 7._o where_o by_o break_v of_o bread_n they_o understand_v the_o receive_v of_o the_o sacrament_n these_o text_n and_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v we_o shall_v examine_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o solution_n of_o their_o objection_n sect_n ii_o the_o decision_n of_o this_o controversy_n in_o order_n to_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o question_n a_o threefold_a precept_n be_v here_o to_o be_v distinguish_v there_o be_v a_o positive_a a_o negative_a and_o a_o mix_v precept_n the_o first_o be_v a_o command_n of_o practice_n for_o some_o positive_a action_n be_v to_o be_v exercise_v for_o the_o fulfil_n of_o a_o positive_a precept_n as_o by_o the_o five_o precept_n of_o the_o decalogue_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o render_v that_o honour_n and_o respect_n which_o be_v due_a to_o our_o parent_n which_o we_o can_v fulfil_v mere_o by_o abstain_v from_o action_n of_o disrespect_n and_o contempt_n but_o by_o positive_a action_n of_o honour_n and_o duty_n though_o there_o be_v no_o obligation_n incumbent_a upon_o we_o to_o be_v always_o in_o exercise_n of_o these_o action_n but_o only_o when_o occasion_n require_v a_o negative_a precept_n command_v we_o to_o abstain_v from_o do_v some_o positive_a thing_n which_o be_v prohibit_v and_o if_o the_o action_n forbid_v be_v intrinsical_o ill_a than_o the_o do_v of_o it_o be_v prohibitum_fw-la quia_fw-la malum_fw-la if_o the_o action_n of_o itself_o be_v indifferent_a then_o to_o do_v it_o be_v malum_fw-la quia_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la this_o negative_a precept_n lay_v a_o never_o interrupt_v obligation_n upon_o we_o to_o observe_v it_o as_o in_o the_o six_o commandment_n by_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v no_o murder_n the_o meaning_n be_v that_o a_o act_n of_o murder_n be_v not_o to_o be_v permit_v neither_o this_o time_n nor_o that_o time_n nor_o any_o other_o time_n whatsoever_o neither_o upon_o this_o person_n nor_o that_o person_n nor_o any_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v universal_o and_o by_o a_o complete_a distribution_n and_o herein_o a_o negative_a precept_n differ_v from_o a_o positive_a a_o mix_v precept_n include_v both_o the_o former_a of_o two_o different_a object_n as_o the_o first_o precept_n oblige_v we_o to_o acknowledge_v god_n and_o not_o to_o acknowledge_v any_o thing_n else_o for_o god_n and_o in_o this_o be_v ground_v that_o division_n of_o sin_n into_o sin_n of_o omission_n and_o commission_n this_o be_v suppose_v the_o first_o assertion_n be_v that_o the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n never_o to_o administer_v the_o communion_n to_o the_o laity_n in_o both_o kind_n be_v manifest_o against_o christ_n precept_n for_o proof_n hereof_o i_o shall_v insist_v upon_o that_o say_n of_o our_o saviour_n amen_o amen_n i_o say_v unto_o you_o except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n you_o shall_v have_v no_o life_n in_o you_o john_n 6._o v._o 53._o where_o those_o word_n amen_o amen_n express_v the_o great_a asseveration_n that_o our_o great_a redeemer_n ever_o use_v and_o this_o add_v more_o force_n and_o energy_n to_o the_o subsequent_a precept_n the_o word_n cite_v contain_v a_o severe_a commination_n of_o deprive_v we_o of_o eternal_a salvation_n except_o we_o eat_v his_o flesh_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n which_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o our_o opponent_n include_v a_o precept_n though_o they_o deny_v that_o it_o extend_v to_o communion_n under_o both_o kind_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v what_o fall_v immediate_o under_o this_o precept_n none_o but_o a_o creature_n endue_v with_o liberty_n and_o reason_n be_v capable_a of_o a_o precept_n for_o iâ—_n it_o be_v positive_a it_o enjoin_v the_o exercise_n of_o some_o free_a action_n regulate_v by_o reason_n since_o necessary_n can_v fall_v under_o any_o precept_n if_o it_o be_v negative_a it_o command_v the_o avoid_n of_o some_o positive_a action_n which_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o freewill_n to_o exercise_v or_o not_o to_o exercise_v we_o have_v here_o a_o positive_a precept_n which_o enjoin_v all_o christian_n to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n which_o affect_v immediate_o the_o free_a action_n of_o man_n of_o eat_v and_o drink_v and_o in_o obliquo_fw-la it_o determine_v the_o matter_n about_o which_o these_o free_a action_n be_v to_o be_v exercise_v namely_o the_o flesh_n and_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man._n this_o matter_n be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o laity_n to_o procure_v at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o be_v to_o be_v tender_v to_o they_o by_o the_o priest_n which_o do_v than_o it_o be_v in_o their_o free_a election_n to_o eat_v and_o drink_v or_o not_o to_o eat_v and_o drink_v wherefore_o these_o action_n be_v that_o exercise_n which_o the_o precept_n immediate_o oblige_v they_o to_o neither_o be_v it_o leave_v to_o their_o choice_n how_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v this_o matter_n for_o as_o the_o legislator_n determine_v the_o matter_n so_o likewise_o do_v he_o determine_v the_o manner_n of_o receive_v it_o he_o do_v not_o say_v indesinite_o or_o indeterminate_o except_o you_o take_v or_o receive_v this_o matter_n but_o explicit_o plain_o and_o distinct_o except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o by_o this_o precept_n they_o be_v tie_v up_o and_o determine_v to_o the_o very_a particular_a manner_n of_o do_v it_o neither_o do_v the_o lawgiver_n say_v except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n or_o drink_v the_o blood_n etc._n etc._n but_o except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n etc._n etc._n by_o a_o copulative_a not_o a_o disjunctive_a so_o that_o he_o who_o eat_v the_o flesh_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n only_o though_o he_o fulfil_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o precept_n yet_o he_o complye_v not_o with_o the_o second_o part_n for_o though_o by_o eat_v the_o flesh_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n he_o receive_v the_o blood_n also_o and_o all_o christ_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o drink_v the_o blood_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v as_o rigorous_o command_v as_o the_o first_o and_o in_o
etc._n what_o other_o thing_n be_v superficial_o look_v upon_o but_o the_o substance_n of_o wine_n where_o he_o affirm_v the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n to_o remain_v in_o the_o sacrament_n after_o consesecration_n to_o this_o he_o subjoin_v for_o notwithstanding_o that_o after_o the_o mystical_a consecration_n bread_n be_v not_o call_v bread_n nor_o the_o wine_n wine_n but_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n yet_o after_o that_o which_o be_v see_v neither_o be_v any_o kind_n of_o flesh_n know_v in_o the_o bread_n nor_o in_o the_o wine_n any_o drop_n of_o blood_n before_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v in_o the_o sacrament_n after_o consecration_n as_o they_o be_v before_o now_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o consecration_n there_o be_v not_o any_o kind_n of_o flesh_n nor_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n though_o the_o bread_n be_v not_o call_v bread_n nor_o the_o wine_n wine_n but_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n where_o he_o grant_v the_o denomination_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o deny_v the_o verity_n and_o substance_n thereof_o for_o he_o acknowledge_v nothing_o but_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n though_o they_o be_v not_o call_v so_o this_o in_o substance_n he_o often_o repeat_v for_o after_o the_o verity_n say_v he_o the_o kind_n of_o creature_n which_o be_v before_o be_v know_v still_o to_o remain_v what_o more_o conspicuous_a then_o address_v his_o discourse_n to_o his_o adversary_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o under_o the_o veil_n of_o corporeal_a bread_n and_o wine_n be_v the_o spiritual_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ._n so_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v corporeal_o but_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n spiritual_o by_o their_o virtue_n of_o sanctification_n and_o then_o present_o compare_v this_o sacrament_n to_o holy_a baptism_n wherein_o the_o natural_a element_n of_o water_n which_o of_o itself_o have_v only_o power_n to_o wash_v and_o cleanse_v the_o body_n yet_o by_o christ_n institution_n be_v impower_v to_o cleanse_v and_o sanctify_v the_o soul_n and_o yet_o still_o remain_v the_o natural_a element_n of_o water_n subject_n to_o corruption_n and_o then_o apply_v the_o water_n in_o baptism_n to_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n hence_o he_o proceed_v to_o another_o similitude_n tell_v they_o that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n be_v baptize_v in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n which_o produce_v a_o spiritual_a effect_n and_o yet_o suffer_v no_o mutation_n this_o again_o he_o parallel_v to_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n then_o he_o tell_v they_o likewise_o manna_n give_v to_o the_o people_n from_o heaven_n and_o the_o water_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n be_v corporeal_a and_o corporeal_o they_o feed_v the_o people_n and_o give_v they_o drink_v yet_o the_o apostle_n name_v that_o manna_n and_o that_o water_n spiritual_a meat_n and_o spiritual_a drink_n and_o then_o he_o appli_v it_o to_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n as_o before_z which_o take_v off_o all_o ambiguity_n of_o his_o meaning_n for_o he_o drive_v at_o this_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o remain_v in_o the_o sacrament_n though_o natural_a and_o corporeal_a thing_n yet_o by_o the_o powerful_a operation_n of_o christ_n they_o be_v enable_v to_o produce_v in_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o worthy_a receiver_n the_o same_o spiritual_a grace_n and_o sanctification_n as_o if_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v there_o real_o present_a and_o therefore_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v call_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ._n he_o proceed_v far_a say_v here_o also_o we_o ought_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o these_o word_n except_o you_o shall_v eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n you_o shall_v have_v no_o life_n in_o you_o he_o say_v not_o that_o his_o flesh_n which_o hang_v on_o the_o cross_n shall_v be_v eat_v in_o piece_n and_o eat_v of_o the_o apostle_n nor_o that_o his_o blood_n which_o he_o shed_v for_o the_o redemption_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v give_v his_o disciple_n to_o drink_v for_o it_o be_v a_o wicked_a thing_n if_o his_o flesh_n shall_v be_v eat_v and_o his_o blood_n drink_v as_o the_o infidel_n take_v it_o and_o to_o confirm_v this_o he_o cite_v st._n augustine_n upon_o the_o same_o text_n of_o scripture_n 3._o aug._n de_fw-fr dodr._n christ_n l._n 3._o of_o christ_n command_n in_o these_o word_n he_o seem_v to_o command_v a_o wicked_a thing_n therefore_o it_o be_v a_o figure_n etc._n etc._n thus_o st._n augustine_n affirm_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n to_o be_v celebrate_v of_o the_o faithful_a under_o a_o figure_n for_o he_o say_v it_o be_v no_o point_n of_o religion_n but_o rather_o of_o iniquity_n to_o take_v his_o flesh_n and_o his_o blood_n as_o they_o do_v which_o understand_v not_o christ_n be_v word_n spiritual_o but_o carnal_o and_o go_v back_o then_o he_o give_v many_o example_n in_o other_o like_a case_n to_o show_v why_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v call_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n because_o of_o the_o similitude_n they_o have_v with_o the_o thing_n signify_v and_o so_o conclude_v wherefore_o the_o mystery_n be_v name_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n because_o they_o take_v the_o appellation_n of_o thing_n whereof_o they_o be_v sacrament_n then_o he_o cite_v several_a passage_n out_o of_o st._n isidore_n to_o confirm_v the_o same_o opinion_n of_o who_o he_o say_v afterward_o he_o declare_v what_o sacrament_n be_v to_o be_v celebrate_v among_o the_o faithful_a that_o be_v the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n and_o of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o here_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o take_v notice_n by_o the_o way_n that_o for_o above_o eight_o hundred_o year_n after_o christ_n there_o be_v but_o these_o two_o sacrament_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n and_o consequent_o no_o more_o be_v institute_v by_o christ_n himself_o yet_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v introduce_v five_o more_o which_o antiquity_n never_o hear_v of_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o sacrament_n be_v it_o credible_a that_o christ_n shall_v institute_n for_o his_o church_n seven_o sacrament_n and_o yet_o communicate_v to_o the_o first_o professor_n of_o christianity_n and_o their_o successor_n for_o eight_o century_n the_o knowledge_n only_o of_o two_o of_o they_o this_o can_v be_v the_o other_o five_o be_v therefore_o institute_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n name_n seven_o and_o make_v it_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n to_o believe_v they_o all_o sacrament_n and_o lay_v its_o curse_n upon_o the_o disbeliever_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la dixerit_fw-la sacramenta_fw-la novae_fw-la legis_fw-la 1._o trident._n sess_n 7._o can._n 1._o non_fw-la fuisse_fw-la omne_fw-la à _fw-la jesus_n christo_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la instituta_fw-la aut_fw-la esse_fw-la plura_fw-la vel_fw-la paucior_fw-la a_o quam_fw-la septem_fw-la videlicet_fw-la baptismum_fw-la consirmationem_fw-la eucharistiam_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la extremam_fw-la vnctionem_fw-la ordinem_fw-la &_o matrimonium_fw-la aut_fw-la etiam_fw-la aliquod_fw-la horum_fw-la septem_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la veer_fw-la &_o propriè_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la anathema_n sit_v which_o be_v former_o define_v by_o the_o council_n of_o florence_n arm._n florent_fw-la decr._n eugenii_n a_o arm._n under_o the_o same_o circumstance_n what_o judgement_n can_v we_o here_o frame_v examine_v antiquity_n for_o eight_o or_o nine_o hundred_o year_n after_o christ_n that_o can_v give_v we_o no_o intelligence_n of_o any_o more_o than_o two_o sacrament_n and_o yet_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n strict_o command_v the_o belief_n of_o seven_o certain_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o church_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o their_o blind_a obedience_n to_o submit_v to_o such_o canon_n and_o decree_n as_o these_o for_o if_o christ_n do_v not_o institute_n those_o five_o pretend_a sacrament_n as_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o do_v not_o than_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n must_v have_v attempt_v to_o institute_v they_o not_o by_o appoint_v the_o matter_n but_o by_o give_v they_o the_o virtue_n of_o sacrament_n which_o be_v high_o presumptive_a and_o a_o manifest_a violation_n of_o divine_a right_n for_o none_o but_o christ_n can_v ordain_v the_o mean_n and_o the_o vehicle_n whereby_o he_o intend_v to_o convey_v his_o spiritual_a grace_n which_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o passion_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a this_o be_v his_o peculiar_a prerogative_n but_o this_o be_v a_o digression_n from_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n i_o desist_v and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o judicious_a reader_n bertram_z now_o draw_v to_o the_o close_a of_o his_o first_o question_n whether_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n
nothing_o but_o that_o which_o christ_n institute_v be_v the_o essential_a matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n but_o christ_n never_o institute_v the_o touch_v of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o word_n annex_v to_o it_o ergo_fw-la the_o touch_v of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o word_n annex_v to_o it_o be_v not_o the_o essential_a matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n the_o premise_n have_v be_v here_o clear_o prove_v and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v legal_o infer_v for_o a_o far_a proof_n of_o this_o assertion_n we_o must_v drive_v it_o a_o little_a high_o and_o consider_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n that_o will_v ensue_v from_o their_o doctrine_n be_v it_o true_a for_o if_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n specify_v in_o the_o title_n of_o this_o section_n be_v the_o essential_o of_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n than_o it_o inevitable_o follow_v that_o the_o greek_n and_o all_o the_o christian_n disperse_v over_o all_o the_o east_n yea_o and_o the_o latin_a church_n also_o for_o a_o thousand_o year_n after_o christ_n have_v never_o any_o valid_a ordination_n because_o they_o all_o want_v the_o essential_o of_o priesthood_n for_o all_o these_o never_o make_v use_n of_o the_o vessel_n nor_o the_o form_n annex_v to_o they_o as_o appear_v by_o their_o ritual_n and_o to_o this_o day_n none_o but_o the_o latin_n ever_o apply_v this_o matter_n and_o form_n to_o he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v ordain_v priest_n and_o therefore_o can_v have_v no_o true_a patriarch_n not_o bishop_n nor_o priest_n among_o they_o a_o very_a sad_a illation_n and_o of_o vast_a consequence_n for_o no_o priest_n no_o church_n what_o then_o must_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o keep_v up_o and_o maintain_v their_o innovation_n which_o be_v a_o mere_a humane_a invention_n un-church_n all_o the_o professor_n of_o christianity_n in_o the_o world_n for_o a_o thousand_o year_n together_o and_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o they_o to_o this_o day_n and_o leave_v they_o destitute_a of_o either_o bishop_n or_o priest_n where_o be_v all_o this_o while_n the_o provident_a care_n that_o our_o great_a master_n and_o redeemer_n ever_o have_v of_o his_o church_n which_o he_o have_v establish_v by_o the_o price_n of_o his_o precious_a blood_n where_o be_v that_o tender_a love_n that_o he_o ever_o testify_v to_o his_o endear_v spouse_n can_v heabandon_v his_o whole_a church_n so_o soon_o after_o he_o have_v institute_v and_o so_o firm_o found_v it_o that_o the_o gate_n of_o hell_n shall_v never_o prevail_v against_o it_o what_o christian_a can_v without_o a_o sacred_a horror_n entertain_v a_o thought_n of_o such_o a_o general_a devastation_n and_o deplorable_a desolation_n but_o this_o be_v so_o obvious_a can_v not_o but_o work_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n into_o a_o anxiety_n and_o sedulous_a industry_n to_o find_v a_o remedy_n wherefore_o to_o salve_v this_o sore_a they_o will_v never_o reordain_v their_o proselyte_n that_o have_v desert_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n and_o embrace_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o all_o occasion_n declare_v the_o ordination_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n to_o be_v valid_a and_o consequent_o grant_v to_o those_o greek_n that_o be_v now_o incorporate_v into_o their_o church_n the_o free_a use_n of_o all_o their_o priestly_a function_n though_o they_o have_v be_v create_v priest_n according_a to_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n and_o never_o attempt_v to_o re-ordain_a they_o by_o this_o they_o endeavour_v to_o evade_v this_o last_o imputation_n which_o otherwise_o will_v lie_v heavy_a upon_o they_o but_o in_o plain_a term_n this_o evaasion_n be_v no_o better_o than_o a_o mere_a contradiction_n for_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o the_o ordination_n of_o the_o greek_n can_v be_v valid_a without_o the_o essential_o of_o ordination_n which_o the_o roman_a church_n place_v in_o the_o touch_v of_o the_o holy_a vessel_n with_o this_o form_n accipe_fw-la potestatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n receive_v a_o power_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n etc._n etc._n for_o these_o the_o greek_n never_o use_v you_o be_v as_o good_a tell_v i_o that_o one_o may_v be_v true_o and_o proper_o a_o man_n without_o either_o body_n or_o reasonable_a soul_n which_o be_v the_o essential_o of_o man._n if_o you_o shall_v reply_v that_o there_o may_v be_v two_o essence_n of_o ordination_n so_o that_o each_o take_v apart_o from_o the_o other_o make_v the_o ordination_n valid_a so_o when_o the_o greek_n ordain_v they_o use_v for_o matter_n the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o for_o form_n these_o word_n divina_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o divine_a grace_n which_o always_o heal_v that_o which_o be_v infirm_a and_o supply_n that_o which_o be_v defective_a promote_v this_o most_o holy_a deacon_n to_o be_v a_o priest_n by_o this_o matter_n and_o form_n the_o greek_n do_v valid_o confer_v the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n and_o when_o the_o romanist_n ordain_v they_o do_v the_o like_a by_o their_o peculiar_a matter_n and_o form_n so_o that_o neither_o be_v rigorous_o necessary_a but_o either_o may_v suffice_v this_o doctrine_n be_v very_o paradoxical_a for_o in_o substance_n it_o assert_n that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v have_v two_o complete_a and_o adequate_a essence_n specifical_o and_o generical_o different_a from_o each_o other_o which_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o thing_n and_o his_o adequate_a essence_n be_v the_o same_o and_o nothing_o can_v be_v specifical_o or_o generical_o different_a from_o its_o self_n but_o you_o will_v say_v these_o be_v not_o two_o essence_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n but_o two_o different_a cause_n of_o the_o same_o effect_n to_o solve_v this_o i_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o order_n itself_o and_o the_o ordination_n the_o order_n be_v that_o spiritual_a power_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o ordain_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o ordination_n from_o whence_o result_v the_o order_n together_o with_o its_o concomitant_a supernatural_a effect_n which_o be_v the_o character_n and_o sacramental_a grace_n that_o be_v inseparable_a from_o it_o the_o ordination_n be_v make_v up_o of_o those_o action_n and_o word_n which_o the_o ordainer_n exercise_v and_o appli_v to_o the_o ordain_v so_o that_o the_o ordination_n participate_v more_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o causality_n then_o of_o a_o cause_n and_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o this_o ordination_n be_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n institute_v by_o christ_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v assume_v by_o the_o original_a instituter_n and_o by_o he_o elevate_v and_o impower_v to_o produce_v such_o admirable_a supernatural_a and_o sacramental_a effect_n be_v the_o essence_n of_o ordination_n so_o that_o order_n be_v the_o effect_n and_o ordination_n the_o cause_n wherefore_o if_o you_o appoint_v new_a essential_o of_o ordination_n you_o not_o only_o grant_v two_o cause_n of_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o two_o essence_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n whereby_o you_o render_v ordination_n specifical_o and_o essential_o distinct_a from_o its_o self_n and_o because_o none_o but_o a_o omnipotent_a power_n can_v raise_v natural_a cause_n to_o such_o vigour_n and_o energy_n as_o to_o produce_v such_o extraordinary_a effect_n therefore_o that_o matter_n and_o form_n which_o christ_n have_v institute_v to_o this_o end_n be_v the_o total_a essence_n of_o ordination_n and_o herein_o the_o greek_n have_v the_o advantage_n for_o they_o ever_o use_v the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n with_o the_o form_n above_o mention_v which_o the_o primitive_a church_n receive_v from_o the_o apostle_n and_o they_o from_o christ_n so_o the_o greek_n be_v sure_a that_o their_o ordination_n have_v a_o legal_a and_o valid_a institution_n but_o where_o shall_v we_o find_v another_o adequate_a essence_n of_o ordination_n by_o divine_a institution_n that_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v no_o such_o prerogative_n for_o we_o know_v its_o origine_fw-la and_o have_v scan_v its_o pedigree_n whereby_o we_o find_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o human_a authority_n to_o authorise_v it_o which_o have_v no_o proportion_n to_o such_o wonderful_a effect_n which_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o nature_n and_o none_o but_o a_o omnipotent_a power_n can_v produce_v hence_o we_o ground_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o valid_a ordination_n which_o have_v but_o one_o certain_a and_o determinate_a nature_n and_o essence_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o power_n upon_o earth_n that_o can_v add_v to_o it_o or_o take_v from_o it_o so_o that_o in_o vain_a you_o assign_v the_o touch_v of_o the_o vessel_n with_o its_o form_n for_o a_o second_o total_a and_o adequate_a essence_n of_o ordination_n for_o all_o antiquity_n be_v a_o stranger_n to_o this_o the_o apostle_n never_o hear_v of_o it_o christ_n never_o mention_v it_o neither_o by_o word_n nor_o action_n who_o then_o dare_v obtrude_v this_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o essence_n of_o ordination_n which_o be_v of_o divine_a right_n as_o all_o
act_n of_o divine_a faith_n who_o material_a object_n be_v the_o incarnation_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n the_o formal_a object_n be_v god_n assert_v of_o it_o whence_o it_o ensue_v that_o though_o faith_n have_v a_o great_a certainty_n than_o science_n yet_o it_o be_v destitute_a of_o evidence_n as_o well_o in_o attestato_n as_o in_o attestante_fw-la that_o be_v can_v neither_o demonstrate_v by_o human_a reason_n the_o revelation_n itself_o nor_o the_o mystery_n reveal_v we_o all_o agree_v that_o those_o word_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la menm_fw-la be_v speak_v by_o christ_n himself_o but_o we_o differ_v in_o give_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o they_o the_o sure_a rule_n that_o may_v guide_v we_o herein_o be_v to_o consult_v the_o belief_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n they_o certain_o receive_v from_o the_o apostle_n the_o true_a interpretation_n of_o they_o for_o it_o will_v derogate_v from_o christ_n goodness_n and_o providence_n to_o imprint_v a_o erroneous_a belief_n upon_o the_o first_o professor_n of_o christianity_n what_o then_o remain_v but_o that_o we_o consult_v antiquity_n and_o inquire_v what_o their_o belief_n be_v of_o this_o mystery_n and_o when_o this_o appear_v it_o will_v be_v a_o vain_a attempt_n of_o any_o one_o after_o a_o long_a continue_a series_n of_o century_n to_o start_v a_o new_a interpretation_n of_o those_o word_n for_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o erroneous_a innovation_n and_o adulterate_v doctrine_n as_o repugnant_a to_o the_o general_a belief_n of_o all_o christian_n from_o christ_n time_n i_o shall_v swerve_v from_o my_o intend_a brevity_n shall_v i_o here_o cite_v the_o several_a text_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o real_a presence_n for_o speak_v of_o the_o eucharist_n they_o frequent_o call_v it_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o st._n augustine_n tell_v we_o 5._o aug._n de_fw-fr civet_fw-la dei_fw-la l._n 10._o c._n 5._o that_o a_o sacrament_n signify_v a_o sacred_a sign_n which_o can_v be_v the_o thing_n signify_v they_o also_o call_v it_o the_o resemblance_n the_o similitude_n the_o type_n the_o antitype_n the_o symbol_n the_o sign_n the_o image_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o consequent_o not_o the_o body_n itself_o consonant_a to_o these_o expression_n of_o the_o father_n be_v the_o universal_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n none_o positive_o affirm_v for_o above_o 800_o year_n after_o christ_n that_o the_o body_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v real_o contain_v in_o the_o sacrament_n though_o in_o the_o year_n 637_o a_o monk_n of_o mount_n sinai_n one_o anastasius_n among_o other_o contemplation_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o cell_n will_v needs_o disapprove_v of_o the_o former_a way_n of_o speak_v which_o have_v be_v ever_o use_v till_o his_o time_n and_o so_o reject_v the_o expression_n of_o figure_n and_o antitype_n but_o use_v no_o attempt_n to_o settle_v any_o point_n of_o doctrine_n repugnant_a to_o the_o belief_n of_o antiquity_n yet_o what_o anastasius_n begin_v by_o way_n of_o alter_v the_o term_n another_o monk_n of_o corbie_n in_o france_n one_o paschasius_fw-la ratbert_n complete_n by_o his_o doctrine_n teach_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v true_o and_o real_o present_a in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o he_o declare_v in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n which_o he_o compose_v in_o the_o nine_o century_n after_o christ_n in_o the_o year_n 818._o and_o for_o this_o we_o have_v bellarmine_n own_o testimony_n eccles_n bellarm._n de_fw-fr script_n eccles_n who_o acknowledge_v that_o paschasius_fw-la be_v the_o first_o author_n that_o ever_o write_v a_o serious_a treatise_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o eucharist_n this_o doctrine_n be_v then_o new_a never_o any_o before_o attempt_v to_o assert_v it_o by_o any_o set_a treatise_n it_o find_v great_a opposition_n so_o that_o most_o of_o the_o learnede_a man_n in_o those_o time_n employ_v their_o endeavour_n several_o to_o oppose_v it_o and_o cry_v it_o down_o which_z paschasius_fw-la himself_n acknowledge_v for_o be_v move_v by_o his_o intimate_a friend_n frudegard_n 623._o paschasias_n epist_n ad_fw-la frudegard_n pag._n 623._o about_o this_o doctrine_n he_o answer_v he_o you_o question_v i_o about_o a_o difficulty_n whereof_o many_o people_n do_v doubt_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o real_a presence_n so_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o frudegard_n and_o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 26_o of_o st._n mark_n 1094._o idem_fw-la in_o 26_o matth._n l._n 12._o pag._n 1094._o he_o say_v i_o have_v treat_v of_o these_o mystery_n more_o ample_o and_o express_o because_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v that_o i_o have_v be_v censure_v by_o many_o as_o if_o in_o the_o book_n which_o i_o write_v of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o publish_v i_o have_v attribute_v to_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n more_o than_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o word_n will_v permit_v this_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o well_o know_v in_o history_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o enlarge_v upon_o it_o but_o only_o reflect_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o one_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n which_o be_v venerable_a bede_n asibi_fw-la bede_n in_o luc._n c._n 22._o idem_fw-la in_o ps_n 3._o idem_fw-la hom_n de_fw-fr sanc._n in_o epiph._n idem_fw-la in_o ps_n 133._o to._n 8._o idem_fw-la de_fw-fr tahern_n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o &_o asibi_fw-la who_o in_o several_a place_n of_o his_o work_n declare_v his_o opinion_n against_o the_o real_a presence_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o our_o saviour_n have_v give_v we_o the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n in_o the_o figure_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o that_o our_o saviour_n give_v to_o his_o disciple_n in_o the_o last_o supper_n the_o figure_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n that_o the_o creature_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n pass_v into_o the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n by_o the_o ineffable_a sactification_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n that_o our_o saviour_n change_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o legalia_fw-la into_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o that_o in_o lieu_n of_o celebrate_v the_o passion_n of_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o flesh_n and_o the_o blood_n of_o victim_n as_o the_o ancient_n do_v we_o celebrate_v it_o in_o the_o oblation_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n these_o and_o the_o like_a expression_n which_o be_v frequent_a in_o the_o work_v of_o this_o author_n do_v manifest_o declare_v that_o in_o those_o time_n none_o hold_v the_o real_a presence_n but_o all_o believe_v the_o eucharist_n to_o be_v a_o figure_n or_o a_o sacrament_n that_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n hence_o there_o arise_v in_o the_o church_n a_o high_a debate_n about_o this_o new_a doctrine_n paschasius_fw-la get_fw-mi some_o abetter_n of_o his_o opinion_n but_o the_o great_a number_n and_o the_o most_o considerable_a vehement_o oppose_v it_o as_o a_o novelty_n other_o stand_v indifferent_a expect_v the_o issue_n other_o again_o hold_v a_o three_o opinion_n which_o in_o substance_n be_v consubstantiation_n for_o they_o assert_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o eucharist_n to_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n the_o contest_v about_o these_o several_a opinion_n grow_v fervent_a some_o adhere_n to_o the_o one_o part_n other_o to_o the_o other_o and_o this_o mutual_a contest_v last_v all_o the_o nine_o century_n whereupon_o that_o great_a emperor_n charles_n surname_v the_o bald_a who_o be_v then_o emperor_n of_o germany_n and_o king_n of_o france_n find_v his_o subject_n dissect_v into_o opposite_a party_n and_o contend_v against_o each_o other_o with_o so_o much_o rancour_n and_o animosity_n resolve_v to_o consult_v the_o learn_a man_n he_o have_v in_o his_o dominion_n upon_o the_o question_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o debate_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n he_o call_v to_o he_o one_o john_n scot_n who_o right_a name_n be_v erigene_n by_o nation_n a_o irishman_n or_o a_o scotchman_n i_o be_o not_o certain_a which_o this_o be_v a_o person_n of_o profound_a learning_n and_o eminent_a virtue_n and_o therefore_o high_o esteem_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o be_v vulgar_o call_v the_o holy_a philosopher_n another_o which_o the_o emperor_n design_v for_o his_o intend_a purpose_n be_v one_o bertram_n but_z by_o the_o writer_n of_o his_o time_n be_v call_v retram_n which_o be_v his_o true_a name_n he_o be_v a_o monk_n and_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o corbie_n and_o afterward_o for_o his_o fame_n and_o rare_a part_n be_v create_v abbot_n of_o orbais_n who_o write_v several_a book_n and_o among_o other_o one_o of_o predestination_n against_o paschasius_fw-la who_o he_o learned_o impugn_v and_o censure_v he_o of_o
be_v contain_v in_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n in_o verity_n or_o in_o figure_n and_o conclude_v with_o these_o word_n hitherto_o have_v we_o declare_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o church_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o faithful_a be_v figure_n and_o so_o terminate_v this_o first_o question_n sect_n viii_o a_o account_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o retram_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o second_o question_n the_o second_o question_n that_o be_v to_o be_v resolve_v by_o retram_n or_o bertram_n be_v this_o as_o he_o himself_o declare_v whether_o the_o same_o body_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o mary_n that_o suffer_v dyed_n be_v bury_v and_o sit_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o father_n be_v that_o body_n which_o be_v daily_o receive_v in_o the_o church_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o sacrament_n or_o no_o sacram._n ambr._n l._n 1_o de_fw-fr sacram._n and_o first_o he_o discourse_v out_o of_o st._n ambrose_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n suffer_v no_o mutation_n in_o these_o word_n for_o after_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n they_o be_v even_o the_o same_o thing_n after_o the_o consecration_n that_o they_o be_v before_o for_o before_o the_o consecration_n they_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n and_o after_o they_o appear_v to_o remain_v in_o the_o same_o kind_n still_o where_o his_o position_n be_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v the_o same_o after_o consecration_n that_o they_o be_v before_o which_o he_o prove_v thus_o before_o consecration_n they_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n and_o after_o consecration_n they_o not_o only_o appear_v to_o remain_v but_o real_o do_v remain_v in_o the_o same_o kind_n still_o of_o bread_n and_o wine_n this_o must_v be_v the_o drift_n of_o his_o argument_n for_o else_o it_o will_v not_o prove_v his_o intent_n then_o have_v say_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o present_a in_o form_n but_o in_o virtue_n he_o applaud_v a_o distinction_n of_o st._n ambrose_n how_o diligent_o and_o how_o wise_o have_v he_o make_v a_o distinction_n where_o be_v say_v touch_v the_o flesh_n which_o be_v crucified_a and_o bury_v this_o be_v the_o true_a flesh_n of_o christ_n but_o touch_v that_o which_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o sacrament_n he_o say_v this_o be_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o true_a flesh_n so_o divide_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o flesh_n from_o the_o very_a flesh_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o affirm_v the_o mystery_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o church_n to_o be_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o very_a flesh_n in_o which_o christ_n suffer_v instruct_v the_o faithful_a that_o the_o flesh_n in_o which_o christ_n suffer_v and_o be_v crucify_a and_o bury_v be_v not_o a_o mystery_n but_o the_o very_a natural_a flesh_n but_o this_o flesh_n which_o now_o contain_v the_o similitude_n of_o the_o very_a flesh_n in_o mystery_n be_v not_o flesh_n in_o kind_a nor_o in_o form_n but_o in_o sacrament_n for_o in_o kind_a it_o be_v bread_n etc._n etc._n hence_o he_o proceed_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n hierome_n eph._n hieron_n in_o epistolam_fw-la pauli_n ad_fw-la eph._n the_o flesh_n and_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n say_v he_o st._n hierom_n be_v understand_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n which_o he_o explicate_v the_o one_o corporeal_o and_o the_o other_o spiritual_o therefore_o say_v bertram_z the_o spiritual_a flesh_n and_o the_o spiritual_a blood_n which_o be_v daily_o receive_v of_o the_o faithful_a do_v differ_v undoubted_o from_o the_o flesh_n crucify_a and_o the_o blood_n shed_v as_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o doctor_n do_v witness_v much_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o discourse_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n augustine_n joan._n aug._n in_o evangelium_fw-la sancti_fw-la joan._n distinguish_v between_o the_o spiritual_a food_n and_o the_o corporeal_a food_n of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o old_a law_n compare_v they_o with_o we_o where_o he_o affirm_v out_o of_o st._n augustine_n that_o their_o spiritual_a food_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o corporeal_a food_n be_v very_o different_a as_o much_o as_o the_o manna_n the_o cloud_n and_o the_o sea_n differ_v from_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o he_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n paul_n speak_v of_o the_o ancient_a father_n that_o be_v baptize_v in_o moses_n in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o they_o all_o do_v eat_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_v the_o same_o spiritual_a drink_n which_o he_o conclude_v to_o be_v christ_n in_o a_o figure_n as_o it_o be_v with_o we_o in_o the_o sacrament_n where_o he_o say_v christ_n be_v in_o a_o certain_a manner_n and_o this_o manner_n be_v in_o figure_n and_o image_n hence_o he_o draw_v this_o illation_n wherefore_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n that_o we_o now_o celebrate_v in_o the_o church_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o body_n and_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v now_o know_v to_o be_v glorify_v by_o the_o resurrection_n this_o body_n be_v the_o pledge_n and_o the_o figure_n the_o other_o be_v the_o very_a natural_a body_n and_o present_o he_o add_v and_o as_o the_o figure_n differ_v from_o the_o verity_n thus_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o church_n differ_v from_o the_o say_a body_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o mary_n the_o virgin_n etc._n etc._n then_o he_o cite_v st._n augustine_n word_n preach_v to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ._n the_o thing_n which_o you_o see_v in_o the_o altar_n of_o god_n say_v st._n austin_n be_v see_v of_o you_o the_o last_o night_n populum_fw-la aug._n serm._n ad_fw-la populum_fw-la but_o what_o it_o be_v or_o what_o it_o mean_v or_o of_o how_o great_a a_o thing_n it_o contain_v the_o sacrament_n you_o have_v not_o yet_o hear_v the_o thing_n which_o you_o see_v be_v bread_n and_o wine_n he_o than_o tell_v they_o that_o by_o faith_n they_o ought_v to_o believe_v the_o bread_n to_o be_v the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n to_o be_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o then_o he_o make_v they_o object_n that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n etc._n etc._n with_o his_o blood_n ascend_v entire_o into_o heaven_n where_o he_o now_o be_v how_o then_o can_v this_o bread_n be_v his_o body_n and_o this_o wine_n his_o blood_n st._n austin_n answer_v these_o good_a brethren_n be_v call_v sacrament_n because_o that_o one_o thing_n be_v see_v in_o they_o and_o another_o thing_n understand_v that_o which_o be_v see_v have_v a_o corporeal_a form_n and_o that_o which_o be_v not_o see_v have_v a_o spiritual_a fruit._n whereupon_o bertram_n add_v in_o these_o word_n this_o worshipful_a author_n instruct_v we_o what_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v of_o the_o proper_a body_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o mary_n etc._n etc._n also_o what_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v of_o the_o body_n set_v on_o the_o altar_n whereof_o the_o people_n be_v partaker_n the_o very_a body_n be_v whole_a and_o not_o divide_v with_o any_o section_n neither_o cover_v with_o any_o figure_n but_o this_o body_n set_v on_o the_o table_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v a_o figure_n because_o it_o be_v a_o sacrament_n and_o again_o therefore_o st._n austin_n have_v teach_v we_o that_o as_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v signify_v in_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v on_o the_o altar_n so_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n that_o receive_v it_o then_z addressing_z his_o discover_v to_o the_o emperor_n he_o say_v your_o wisdom_n most_o excellent_a prince_n may_v perceive_v that_o i_o have_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o holy_a scripture_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a father_n that_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v call_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o cup_n call_v his_o blood_n be_v a_o figure_n because_o it_o be_v a_o mystery_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o small_a difference_n between_o the_o mystical_a body_n and_o the_o body_n that_o suffer_v be_v bury_v and_o rose_n again_o for_o this_o which_o suffer_v be_v the_o proper_a body_n of_o our_o saviour_n neither_o in_o it_o be_v any_o figure_n or_o signification_n but_o the_o manifest_a action_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o he_o conclude_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o emperor_n insist_v all_o along_o upon_o this_o truth_n that_o in_o this_o holy_a sacrament_n be_v contain_v the_o same_o bread_n and_o wine_n that_o be_v before_o which_o be_v call_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n because_o they_o mystical_o and_o figurative_o signify_v the_o same_o and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o faithful_a by_o way_n of_o commemoration_n of_o christ_n passion_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o christ_n institution_n they_o