abundance of bloud so there be signes of the abundance of other humours as in these verses folowynge Accusat coleram dextre dolor asper alingua Tinnitus vomitusque frequens vigilantia multa Multasitis pingrâ—s egestio torsioventris Naulâ— a fit morsus cordis languescit oreâ—is Pulsus 〈◊〉 est grocilis dâ—us veloâ—que calescens Aret amarescit incendi asomniâ— fingit The tokens of abundance of fleme are coÌ„teyned in these verses folowynge Flegma supergrediens proprias in corpore leges Os facit incipidum fastidia cerebra â—ilâ—as Costarum stomachi simul occipitisque dolores Pulsus adestrarus ettardus molâ—s inanis Precedit fallax fantasâ—ata somnus aquosa The signes of abundance of melancoly are conteyned in these verses folowynge Humorum pleno dum fex in corpore regnat Nigra cutis durus pulsus tenuis et â—rina Solicitudo timor et tristicia somnia tempus Accrescet rugitus sapor et sputaminis idem Leuâ—que precipue tinnit et sibilat auris Denus septenus vix fleubothomiaâ— petil annus Spiritus vbeâ—ior erit per fleubothomiam Spiritus ex potu vini mox multiplicatur Humorumque cibo damnum lente reparatur Lumina clarificat sincerat fleubothomia Mentes et cerebrum calidas facit esse medullas Viscera purgabit stomachum ventremqueâ—oerceâ— Puros dat sensus dat somnum tedia tollit Auditus vocem vires producit et auget Here thauctour speaketh of bloud letting Fyrst he sheweth what age is required to be bloud letteÌ„ sayenge At .xvij. yere of age one may be let bloud And touchynge this Galen saythe GaleÌ„ .xl. â—e iugenio that children shulde nat be let bloud oneles they be .xiiij. yere olde at lest bicause childreÌ„ bodies be sone resolued from outwarde heate and therfore by voydynge of bloud they shulde be greatlye weaked Also for that they nede to nouryshe theyr bodies and augment them they shulde nat diminishe theyr blud And eke for that they be soone dissolued from outwarde heate hit suffiseth wherfore they nede nat to be let bloud And wittethe well that as bloud lettynge is nat conuenient for children so it is vnholsome for olde folkes as Galen saythe Gal. lx tegni For the good bloud is littell and the yll moche and bloud lettyng draweth away the good bloud leaueth the yll as Auicen saythe and therfore bloud lettynge is vncoÌ„uenient for suche persones Aui iiii i cap. x. SecoÌ„dlye he puttethe the hurte of bloud lettynge Of necessite with voidynge of bloud done by bloudde lettynge mans spiritis beynge in the bloud do grealye auoyde Thyrdlye he sheweth howe the spiritis shulde be cherished and restored and that is by drinkynge of wyne after the bloud lettyng For of all thynge to norishe quickely wyne is best as is before sayde The spiritis also be cheryshed and restored by meatis but that is nat so quickely as by wyne And the meate after bloud lettynge must be lyght of digestion and a great engendrer of bloud as rere egges and suche lyke And all thoughe meate restore the spiritis after bloud lettynge yet let the pacientes beware of moche meate the fyrste and .ij. day For Isaac saythe in dietis that they muste drynke more than eate and yet they must drynke lesse than they dyd before bloud lettynge for digestion is weaker Fourthlye the auctour putteth .xj. conueniences of bloud lettyÌ„ge duly done Fyrste temperate bloud lettynge comforteth the syghte for diminishynge of humours doth eke diminishe fumynge to the heed and the repletion therof darkynge the syght Secondelye hit clerethe and maketh pure the mynde and brayne through the same cause Thyrdly it heateth the mary for it minishethe the superfluites that therto come and cole it Fourthly it purgeth the entrayles for nature vncharged of bloud digesteth better rawe humours that be lefte Fyftly bloud lettynge restreyneth vometyng and the laske for hit diuerteth the humours from the interior partis to the outwarde specially lettyÌ„ge bloud of the armes as Auicen saith For lettyng bloud of the feet stoppeth nat so well yet ê‘chance the bloud lettynge shall augmente the laske and that .ij. wayes Fyrste by bloud lettynge nature is discharged of her burden and thaÌ„ comforted hit prouoketh other vacuations Secondly if the laske be caused by great weakenes of vertue contentiue For than for that by bloud lettynge vertue is weaked the laske is augmented The .vj. is that blud lettyng clereth the wyttis For it minisheth vaporation that gothe to the heed troublethe the wyttis The .vij. is hit helpethe one to slepe for therby many humours be voyded by whiche sharpe vapours and diuers are lyfted vp lettynge one to slepe The .viij. is hit takethe awaye tediousnes and ouer great grefe for therby vertue is vnlodeÌ„ of grefe and eke with the bloud melaÌ„coly the dregges of bloud whiche induceth tediousnes and grefe is drawen out The .ix. is hit coÌ„forteth the herynge for therby the vapours and humours ascendinge to the heed and lettyÌ„ge the herynge are diminished The .x. is hit comforteth the voyce for therby the superfluites and humidites that may come to the breaste or pype of the lyghtis and let the voyce are diminished The .xj. is hit augmentethe the strengthes for therby the body is vnladen of hit grefe wherfore vertue is augmented Tres insunt istis Maius september aprilis Et sunt lunares sunt velut ydra dies Prima dies primi postremaque posteriorum Nec sanguis minui nec carnibus anseris vti In sene vel iuuene si vene sanguine plene Omni mense bene confert incisio vene Hi sunt tres menses Maius september aprilis In quibus eminuas vt longo tempore viuas Here thauctour sayth that these .iij. Maye september aprile are the monethes of the moone and in them are dayes forbidden to let bloud that is the fyrste of Maye and laste of september and aprile Thoughe this be a coÌ„mon rule yet hit is false For the forsayde dayes maye be as good and worthy to be choseÌ„ as the other after the diuersite of constellation in them Farther the auctour saith that in those days none shuld eate goose fleshe whiche also is false erronious and very witchecraft I thynke thauctour had this sayeng of the iewes whiche obserue suche maner SecoÌ„dly he saith that men of myddell age yonge folkes whose veynes be ful of bloud may be let bloud euery moneth for those may well resist resolutioÌ„ in them is great quaÌ„tite of good bloud Thyrdly he saith that blud lettyng for mans helth must be done in one of these .iij. monthes maie septeÌ„ber aprile but yet with difference for in aprile maie the lyuer veyne muste be let bloud bicause than in vere tyme the bloud encreaseth and in septeÌ„ber in the splene veyne bicause of melancoly whiche than in autumpne encreaseth Frigida natura frigens regio dolor ingens Post lauachrum coitum minor etas atque seniles Morbâ—s prolixus repletio potus et esce Si
vnderstande that to dryÌ„ke water with meate is nat only hurtfull but also in many other cases Auic iii. i ca. de regimine aque â— vini whiche are declared of Auicen Fyrste hit is vnholsome for a maÌ„ to dryÌ„ke fastyng for hit perceth in to the bodye by all the principall membres therof mortifienge hit naturall heate This is of trouthe if one that is truely fastynge drinke hit Yet for a dronken man it is some tyme holsome nor it hurteth hym nat though he dryÌ„ke hit fastynge For a dronkerde fastynge is nat vtterlye fastynge his stomake is nat vacande but some what remayneth of the other dayes ingurgynge But in whose nitrosite water dronke in the mornynge doth mitigate and the stomake there with washed the vapours fumes repressed is disposed to receyue newe sustinance The .ij. hurt is to drynke water after great labour trauaile and lyke wyse after the fleshely acte betwene maÌ„ and woman For than the poris of the bodye be verye open wherby the water entrethe in to the bottum of the membres mortifienge the natural heate Whiche heate also after the fleshely acte is weaked The .iij. incoÌ„uenience is after baynyng specially if one bayne hym fastynge for than the cundites and wayes of the bodye be verye open wherfore the water entrynge in hurteth as is afore sayde AuiceÌ„ vâ— quarti sâ—ma .ii. ca. vltimo Of this drynkynge of water Auicen sayth That of water dronke tastynge after baynynge and after carnall copulation corruptynge of coÌ„plection dropsy is to be feared Fourthly it is hurtfull to drynke colde water to queÌ„che feyned thyrst in the nyght as hit chanceth to surfetters and droÌ„kerdes For by drinkynge of colde water the resolution and digestion of salte humours are prohibited whether it be of wyne or other sharpe thynges causynge thyrste so sone after drynke thyrste commeth agayne as stronglye as before But in case the thyrste be so vehement vexynge vnquietynge ouer moche that neither coldenes of brethynge nor washynge of the mouthe with colde water can suffice than let the thyrstie dryÌ„ke colde water out of a narowe mouthed vesselle or cuppe or syppynge that the water more slowlye maye come vnto the brymme of the stomake for so hit shall beste quenche thyrste and lesse therof shal be dronke and than it shall nat vtterly distroy digestion Fyftelye generallye hit is yll for holle folkes to drynke moche colde water for hit quencheth naturall heate greueth the breast marreth the appetite of the stomake and is verye hurtfull to all the senowye meÌ„bres Yet neuer the lesse water temperatly colde some tyme per accidence stereth one to haue an appetite and maketh the stomake stronge helpynge hit openynge and clensynge the wayes therof Sunt nutratiue multum arnes vituline Here the author saith that veale nourisheth very moche And this Auicen affirmeth sayenge that meate that conserueth helth must be suche as the fleshe is For they are of lyke nature very apte to be conuerted in to bludde and specially kydde yonge suckynge calues and yerelynge lammes And this veale Galen .iii. alimentorum The beste veale preysethe highlye sayenge that veale of .vj. or .viij. wekes olde rosted is more holsome than mutton hit is soone digested and norisheth very moche And of these fleshes we haue spoken before Sunt bona gallina capo turtur sturna columba Quiscula vel merula phasianus ethigoneta Perdix frigellus orex tremulus amarellus The beste foules to eate This texte sheweth what wylde foule are moste holsome to eate to nouryshe mans nature The nombre of them is .xiiij. The fyrste is an henne the whiche is verye holsome to eate For Haly Auenzoart and Mesue say that the beste fleshe of pultry is an henne that neuer layed of a cocke that neuer trad henne For they without superfluite are soone turned in to bludde theyr proprete is to tempre mans complexion and theyr broth is the beste medicine that can be for lepers And Galen sayth Galen ii can ca. de gâ—inis â— gallo that fleshe of yonge pullettes augmeÌ„teth intellection hit clereth the voyce and encreaceth the sede of generation The .ij. is a capon whose fleshe consiliator in his .lxviij. question nombreth amonge the mooste holsome fleshes And these fleshes and lyke wyse the other afore sayde the stomake of hit proprete doth digest The .iij. is a turtyll whiche also nourisheth well and engendreth good blud Auicen .ii. can ca. dâ— cane The fleshe wherof Auicen highlye preysethe sayenge There is no foules fleshe better thaÌ„ a turtyls or a hennes nor subtiler But yet they are nat so nouryshynge as the pertriche The .iiij. after the opinioÌ„ of some is a stare This byrde shulde be eateÌ„ yonge Some other call this foule Starna whiche Rasis .iij. AlmÌ„ preisethe aboue al other foules sayenge A sterlyngis fleshe is lyghtest of all other foules holsome for them that wyll kepe a sklender diete and by this maye be vnderstande a greatter foule as a grey goose the fleshe wherof is ryght coÌ„mendable specially yonge And on this wise Almans vnderstandeth preferrynge this fleshe before other Orels by a stare may be vnderstaÌ„de certeine small ê‘triches wherof Moyses semeth to vnderstande sayenge to the Iewes Lyke wyse stares are vnholsome for our kynge for they coÌ„streyne and indurate the bealye And this proprete some ascribe vnto pertriches For theyr fleshe bynde the bealy as witnessethe Rasis .iij. AlmÌ„ The .v. is a doue whose fleshe is colerike Whiche as Rasis sayth is excedynge hotte the whiche engeÌ„dreth blud ferueÌ„tly hotte and lyghtly engeÌ„dreth the ague And therfore pigions be better baked with sower grapis than rosted For by the sower grapes the heate engendred in the bludde is alayde And the best to eate be yonge pigions redye to flie for suche be of lyght digestion and of better humour For yoÌ„ge pigions nat able to flee are superfluously hotte moyst wherby they engeÌ„dre grosse humours as Auicen sayth the .ij. canon chap. of pigions But olde pigions and theyr fleshe for theyr ouer great heate drought and difficulte of digestion are to be eschewed And lyke wyse olde turtyls The .vj. is a quayle Some doctours saye that a quayle is of light substance and engendreth good bludde and is very holsome for holle folkes But after the mynde of Isaac quayles are worse than any other wylde foule nor they for nourishement nor digestion oughte to be preysed For throughe eatynge of their fleshe the crampe is to be feared As Auicen sayth .ii. can cap. de cotur And he saythe the reason is in the substance of theyr fleshe that they engendre the crampe And for this reason frenche meÌ„ bake eate quayles with softe buttry chese Yet by the quayle maye be vnderstaÌ„de an other byrde a lyttell more than the forsayd ê‘triche of the same colour with redde feete and bylle of a delicious sauour And on this wise Rasis .iij. AlmÌ„ taketh a quayle whaÌ„ he
frutes be digested there apperethe in them stiptisite and after they decline to sowernes as grapes than to swetenes And thoughe terte be nat so hotte as stiptike yet throughe hit subtilite and persynge is in many of more coldnes And after Auicen poÌ„tike and stiptike are in talage verye lyke but yet the stiptike causethe the vpper parte of the tonge to be sharpe and roughe and pontike causeth the tonge to be roughe within And .iij. of these talages are temperate neyther excedynge hotte nor colde as swete vnctuous vnsauery for though swete be hotte yet therin apperethe no myghtye heate as Rasis sayth And euery talage hath hit owne operations as Auicen and Rasis say The operations of swete saith Auicen be digestion sokynge and encreasynge of norishement nature louynglye desireth hit and the vertue attractiue draweth hit And after Rasis swete engendrethe moche ruddye colour and opilations of the lyuer and splene specially if the sayde membres be apte there vnto And therof foloweth the flixe Hit mollifieth the stomake and comforteth the breast and lightis hit fatteth the body and augmenteth the sede of generation The operations of bytter after Auicen be sharpynge and washynge awaye And after Rasis bitter heateth drieth strongly and lyghtly reduceth the bludde to adust malice and augmeÌ„teth ruddye colour in the blud The operations of pontike talage after Auicen is contraction if the ponticite be feble orels expression if hit be stronge And after Rasis pontike cooleth the bodye driethe the fleshe and diminisheth the bludde if one vse hit ofte Also hit comforteth the stomake byndethe the wombe and engendrethe melancolye bludde The operation of stiptike talage after Auicen are contrarie thyckyng hardnynge and holdynge And after Rasis the operatioÌ„s therof are lyke pontike though they be weaker for he semeth to comprehende stiptike talage vnder pontike for of stiptike he saythe nothynge expressely The operations of vnctuous talage after Auicen are sokynge slipperines and smalle digestion And after Rasis hit mollifiethe the stomake maketh one laskatyue and fyllethe one or he hath taken any necessarye quantite of meate and it heateth specially them that be vexed with a feuer and that haue a hotte liuer and stomake Hit moysteth soketh the body but hit augmenteth fleme and slepe The operatioÌ„s of sharpnes be resolution incision and putrifaction after Auicen And after Rasis encreaceth heate lyghtlye enflameth the body and burneth the bloud turnethe hit in to redde coler and after in to blacke The operations of salte talage after Auicen is to scoure washe drie and let puttifaction The operatioÌ„s of sharpe talage after Auicen is to cole and diuide and after Rasis hit refrayneth coler and bludde and restrayneth the bealye if the stomake guttis be cleane but if there in be moche fleumatike matter hit maketh the bealye laske cooleth the bodye and eke weaketh the vertue of digestion proprely in the lyuer It hurteth the senowes and senowye membres it drieth the body but hit stereth vp the appetite But of vnsauerynes operations Rasis sayth that some vnsauery thynge norisheth well that is suche as is temperate There is other some that heateth temperately and an other that cooleth temperatly and if moystnes be ioyned there with hit moystethe and with a drye thynge hit drieth Bis duo vipa facit mundat dentes dat acutum Visum quod minus est implet minuit quod abundat Here are declared .iiij. coÌ„modites of wyne soppis The fyrst is they purge the tethe by reason they stycke longer in the tethe thaÌ„ wyne alone or bread alone therfore the fylthynes of the tethe is the better consumed and the tethe the better purged The .ij. coÌ„modite is that hit sharpeth the syghte for it letteth the yll fumes to ascende to the brayne whiche by theyr mynglynge to gether darke the syghte And this is by reason hit digesteth all yll matters beynge in the stomake Thyrdly hit digestethe perfectly meates nat well digested for it closeth the mouthe of the stomake and conforteth digestion Fourthly hit reducethe suê‘fluous digestion to meane All this is of trouthe so that the breadde sopped in wyne be fyrste tosted or dried on imbers Omnibus assuetam iubeo seruare diâ—tam Approbo sic esse ni sit mutare necesse Est hipocras testis quoniam sequitur mala pestis Fortior est metha medicine certa dieta Quam si non curas fatue regis et male curas Here are certayne doctrines The fyrste is that hit is good for all folkes to kepe customable diete To kepe diete â–ª And by diete is vnderstande the ministrynge of meate drynke The reason is this Breakynge from customable vse hurteth greuously for customance is an other nature Therfore as hit behoueth vs to kepe nature so lyke wyse hit dothe custome and specially if the customable vse be laudable And as hit behoueth to kepe the wonte administration of meate and drynke euen so hit behouethe vs to obserue custome in other thynges nat naturall for the selfe reasoÌ„ Wherfore if a maÌ„ wonte to labour moche wyll for go this custome lyue ydelly or labour moche lesse or go in haÌ„de with other labour or take an other tyme or a no-way vndouted it shall ryght moche infeble hym So in like maner it is in mans diete in his slepe in his watche and suche lyke accidentis For truly good custome in all thyng must nedes be obserued if hit be laudable or indifferent in goodnes or hurtfulnes in respecte of hit wherto the change is made And wytteth well that they that be accustomed to labour and exercise them selfe in any kynde of labour all be hit they be feble or olde hit greueth them lesse and labour more strongly thaÌ„ if they were yoÌ„ge felowes vnaccustomed as Hippocrates sayth .ii. aphorismÌ„ by reason that these feble or olde persones haue more inclination and custome to these labours For nowe the custome before taken is lyghter as is sayde in the aforsayde aphorisme And this is the cause why we se olde feble craftes men to do that stronger and yonger than they can nat do and hit greueth them lesse as a feble olde mylner to lyfte a greatte weyghtye sacke A smythe to awey with greatter hammer labour than a yonger maÌ„ nat therto accustomed The .ij. doctrine is that greatte harme folowethe change of diete as Hippocrates saythe outcepte hit be nedefull to change hit Fyrste hit is nedeful to change it whaÌ„ greuous diseases shulde growe therby as custome to fede on yll meates whiche at lengthe of necessite wyll brede in vs yl diseases Suche a custome and lyke muste nedes be amended and changed by lyttell and lyttell but nat sodaynly For al sodayne chaÌ„ges hurte vehemeÌ„tly specially from a thynge customable to vnaccustomable Secondly it is nedeful to change to th entent it lesse greue vs if we happen to change our diete For he that vseth hym selfe to all maner diete shall hurte hym the lesse And this eke muste be
that comethe from the purse of the galle to the guttis Vnnatural coler is double For one is vnnaturall throughe outwarde cause myngled there with The other is vnnaturall throughe a cause in it selfe for the substance therof is nat naturall Coler vnnaturall throughe an outwarde cause is an other knowen and famous And hit is that that fleme is myngled with And it is called famous or notable by reason hit is ofte engeÌ„dred And of this kynde of coler cometh the thyrde wel knowen There is an other that is lesse famous and that is hit wherwith melancoly is myngled Famous coler is either citrine and engendred by mynglynge of subtile fleme with naturall coler orels hit is yolkye lyke to yolkes of egges and is engeÌ„dred by mynglynge of grosse fleme with natural coler Coler of lesse fame is caused .ij. ways One is whan the coler is burned in hit selfe and turned to ashes from whiche the subtile parte of the coler is nat seperated but myngled therwith And this coler is the worste An other is whan melancoly cometh from without and mynglethe hit with the coler And this coler is better than other and is ruddye in colour hit is nat clere nor flowynge but more lyke to veyne bludde This vnnaturall coler hauynge his owne propre substaÌ„ce without mynglynge of any other humour is ofte engendred in the lyuer by reason that the subtilnes of the bloud burneth hit selfe and tourneth in to coler and grossely in to melancoly An other coler there is engendred in the stomake of yll meatis nat digested but corrupted orels it is engendred in the veynes by other humours And of this coler be .ij. kyndes For one is called coler prassiue lyke the colour of the herbe called prassion whiche is engendred of the yolkynes whan hit is burned for the burnyÌ„g causeth a yolky blackenes iÌ„ the coler whiche myngled with coler citrine engeÌ„dreth a grene coler The other is called rusty coler lyke to rusty iron it is engendred of passiue whaÌ„ prassiue is burned only tyl the humidite ther of be dried away and through hit drines begynneth to waxe white And these .ij. last colers be yll and venomous and yet rusty is the worse Lyke wyse there be .ij. kyndes of melancolye naturall and vnnaturall The naturall is the dreggis and suê‘fluite of good bloud whose talage is betwene swete and pontike And this melancoly whan hit is engendred in the lyuer is parted in .ij. partis Of whiche one entreth with the bloud and there with remayneth in the veynes The other is conueyed to the splene The fyrste parte entreth with the bloud for necessite and profite Hit is nedefull that it myngle with the bloud to norishe the melancoly colde and drie membres as the bones The vtilite is to make thycke the thynne bloud to stynte the suê‘fluous runnynge therof to make it stronge and to strengthe these membres in to whiche hit muste be conuerted The other parte that nedeth no bloud gothe to the splene both for necessite and profite The necessite is double one vniuersall throughe out the bodye to purge hit of melaÌ„colious superfluite The other is but ê‘ticular only to gouerne the splene This melaÌ„coly is also profitable for mans body for hit runnethe to the mouthe of the stomake straynynge out the humidites that hit fyndeth there as a woman straynynge a cowes dugges drawethe out the mylke This vtilite is double Fyrst hit constrayneth thycketh and comforteth the stomake Secondly by reason it moueth the mouthe of the stomake through hit egernes hit maketh one haue an appetite and lust to meate Vnnaturall melaÌ„coly is as a thynge burned or ashes in respecte of other humours Of this there are .iiij. famous kyndes though there be many nat famous The fyrst is ashes of coler and this is bytter The .ij. is ashes of fleme and if the fleme that is burned were very subtile and wattrishe than the melancoly therof engendred wyll be salte in talage But if the fleme be grosse that is burned than the ashes therof or the melancoly of hit engendred enclyneth to sowernes or pontiâ—ite The .iij. is ashes of bloud and this melancolye is laste a lyttell drawynge to swetenes The .iiij. is ashes of naturall melaÌ„coly And if natural melancoly wherof so it be be subtile thaÌ„ it will be very sower And whaÌ„ hit is caste out vpon the grounde hit boyleth and sauoureth of the aire and causeth both flies and beastis to voide the place But if the naturall melancoly be grosse the vnnaturall therof ingeÌ„dred shall nat be so sower Natuta pingues isti sunt atque locantes Semper rumores cupiunt audiâ—e frequentes Hos venus et Bacchus delectant fercula risus Et facit hos hytares et dulcia verba loquentes Omnibus hi studiis abiles sunt et magis apti Qualibet ex causa nec hos leuiter mouet ira Largus amans hylaris ridens rubeique coloris Cantans carnosus satis audax atque benignus Sanguine folkes This texte techeth vs to knowe sanguine folkes Fyrst a sanguine persone is naturally fatte But we may nat vnderstande that sanguine folkes be proprely fatte for that is a token of a colde complexion AuiceÌ„ ii.i doct iii. cap. iii. as saythe Auicen But they be fatte and fleshye with all for fatte in sanguine persones is taken for fleshye Auicen saythe that abundance of ruddy fleshe and styffe signifieth a hotte and a moyst coÌ„plexioÌ„ as a sanguine ê‘son is For thabuÌ„dance of ruddy fleshe wytnesseth fortitude of vertue assimilatiue and multitude of bloud the worke and waxe by heate and moysture as witnessethe Galen sayenge Thabundance of fleshe is engeÌ„dred by abundance of bloud For heate perfectlye digestynge and the lyke vertue to fleshe makethe the fleshe faste styffe Also Auicen saythe euery fleshye body without abundance of fat grece is sanguine Galen ii â—egni Wherto Galen asseÌ„teth Secondly the sanguine person is mery and iocunde that is to say with mery wordes he moueth other to laugh orels he is gladde throughe benignite of the sanguine humour ê“uokynge a man to gladnes and iocuÌ„dite through clere perfect spirites engeÌ„dred of bloud Thyrdly he gladly hereth fables mery sportis for the same cause Fourthlye he is enclyned to lecherie through heate and moystnes prouokynge to carnall copulation Fyftly he gladlye drinketh good wyne Sixtlye he delyteth to fede on good meate by reason the sanguine ê‘sone desyrethe the mooste lyke to his complexion that is good wynes and good meates Seuenthlye he laugheth lyghtly for bloud ê“uoketh to laughyÌ„g The .viij. is the sanguine persone hath a gladsome an amiable countenance through lyuelynes of colour and fairenes of coÌ„plexion The .ix. is he speaketh swetelye throughe amiablenes of sanguine nature The .x. is he is apt to lerne any maner of science throughe lyuelynes and perspicuite of his wytte The .xj. is he is nat lyghtlye angry and this cometh through moystnes abatynge the feruour of coler prouokynge
veynes may haue som respiracion and some yll fumes voyde out The .ij. is to dryÌ„ke and specially wyne whiche is good in blud lettyng if one hap to swouÌ„de and also hit is very holsome after blud lettyng to reuiue the spirites engendre newe blud whiche thyng in practyse all phisitians obserue The .iij. is baynyng whiche is holsome .iij. dayes before and .iij. dayes after blud lettyng nat the same day Hit is good before if one thynke he haue grosse humors within hym for baynyng leuseth moueth humors for the said cause hit is holsome to take a sharpe syrope before to moue dissolue and make subtile the humours And therfore whan ye wyll let one blud ye must rubbe the arme that the humours in the veynes about may be made subtile prepared to issue out more esily Hit is holsom after blud lettynge that the residue of humours vapours left behynd may be leused Hit is nat holsome the same day for baynyng maketh the skyn lynnowe whiche made lynnowe wyl nat abyde the stroke gyuen in blud lettyng that is daÌ„gerous The .iiij. is byndynge with lynnen clothes whiche is very holsome to stop the blud after euacuation therof before bledyng to drawe the humours to the veynes and to cause them to swel better to appere The .v. is moderate walkyng before blud lettyng to dissolue make subtile the humors afterward to leuse the residue of the humours lefte behynde Here note that some vse to be let blud fastyng but some other say hit were better to eate a rererosted egge fyrst and therto drynke a draught of wyne about the houre of .ix. or .x. before dyner and forth with to be let blud The cause is whaÌ„ the stomake is empty nature reteyneth styl the blud more stroÌ„gly lest she shuld lacke norishement but whan one hath eate a lyttel norishyng meate as wyne egges is than nature suffreth the blud better to issue Exhiâ—araâ— tristes iratos placat amantes Ne sint amentes fleubothomia facit Here be declared .iii. effectis of blud lettyng First it maketh a sad ê‘sone mery Secondly it appeseth angry folkes The reason is this moche melaÌ„coly myngled with the blud causeth heuynes and moche coler causeth aÌ„ger whiche .ij. humors as they be myngled with the blud are draweÌ„ out by blud lettyng Thirdly hit kepeth louers from furious rauyng for it remoueth the blud froÌ„ the heed auoydyng it by the other exterior partis Farther note that there be .v. causes of blud lettyng The first is that the abundance whether it be in qualite or quantite or bothe shuld be voyded For as Auicen sayth two maner folkes must be let blud One is they that be disposed to be sicke that haue abundaÌ„ce of blud in quantite The other is they that are sicke alredy through the malice of humors or blud But there is difference in these .ii. blud lettynges For blud lettyng for the abuÌ„dance of blud ought to be moche but whaÌ„ it is done to auoyde yll blud it must be moderate as Galen saythe .ix. metategni And therfore they do very yll that let them selfe blede tyll they ê‘ceyue the good blud issue for ê‘auenture all theyr blud shall ruÌ„ne out er they se any good blud appere Therfore they shuld voyde a lyttel at ones and after the mynde of Galen in this case before they let one blud they shuld gyue hym good meates to engeÌ„der good blud to fulfyl the place of the yl blud auoyded and after within a lyttell space to let hym blud a lyttel and a lyttel This is called directe lettyÌ„g of blud for it is done to auoyde abundaÌ„ce of blud and of suche humors as shulde be auoyded The fyrst indirecte cause is the greatnes of the disease and greatnes of the apparent vehement inflaÌ„macion for as GaleÌ„ saith ther is no better medicine for an iÌ„postume of vehement inflaÌ„macion feuers great ache Gal. in coÌ„men illiuâ— apho quâ— egerunt thaÌ„ blud lettyng The .ii. indirect cause is that the mattier whiche must be auoyded be drawen to yâ— place froÌ„ whens it must be auoyded And therfore in retencion of the menstruous flixe emeraudis the great veyne in the â—ote called sophena must be opend as Galen saith to draw downe the mattier of the blud The .iij. indirect cause is to drawe the humours to the place contrary to that place that they flow to to diuert the mattier froÌ„ that place Therfore for to moche abuÌ„dance of meÌ„struosite the veyne basilica must be let blud to turne the mattier to the coÌ„trary part and so to voyde hit froÌ„ hit propre course And therfore he that hath a pluresie on his lyft syde must be let blud on the right side to diuert drawe the mattier to the place coÌ„trarie to that place that it inclineth to And like wise if it be on the right side to let blud on the lyft The .iiij. indirect cause is that bi lettyng of blud one portion of the mattier may be auoyded that nature may be the stronger vpon the residue and so lettyng of blud is holsome whan the body is ful lest impostumes growe for the regimeÌ„t of nature is feble iÌ„ regard of these humors wherfore a portion of the mattier is voyded lest through vnablenes of nature in gouernyng the mattier the mattier shuld flowe to som weake place and brede an impostume Faâ— plagam largam mediocriter vt cito fumus Exâ—at vberius liberiusque cruoâ— Here thauctor sayth that the gashe made in lettyng oâ— blud ought to be of a mean largenes that the same grosse blud may esily issue out for whan the gashe is straite the pure blud onely goth out and the grosse abith styl in And note that somtyme the gashe must be great somtyme small The gashe must be great for .iii. causes Fyrst bicause the humours be grosse and grosse blud must be voyded as in them that be melaÌ„coly Secondly in wynter the gashe muste be great for colde engrosseth the humours Thyrdly for thabuÌ„daÌ„ce of humours for they auoyde better by a great gashe than a small But the gashe must be small whan the ê‘sone is of weake strengthe that the spiritis naturall hete auoyde nat to moche and lyke wise in a hotte season and whan the blud is pure Sanguine subtracto sex horis est vigilandum Ne somni fumus ledat sensibile corpus Ne neruum ledat non sit tibi plaga profunda Sanguine purgatus non carpas protinus escas Thre thynges must be consydred whaÌ„ one is let blud Fyrst that he slepe nat within .vi. houres after â—est the fumes engeÌ„dred by slepe asceÌ„de to the heed hurt the brayne There be other causes Fyrst lest he in slepe turne hym on the arme that is let blud and therby hurt hym The .ii. is lest the humours by slepe flowe to the peynful meÌ„bre by reason of the incision so brede an impostume For GaleÌ„ saith that if
impostumes brede in the body or in a meÌ„bre hurt the humours flowe thervnto But Auicen assigneth an other cause that by suche slepe may chance coÌ„fraction of the meÌ„bres The cause may be as Galen sayth that slepe is vnholsome in the ague fyt for natural hete goth inward Gal. ii apho suê‘ illo In quo c. and the out ward ê‘tis waxe colde the fumes remayne vnconsumed wherby the rigour is augmented and the feuer fyt ê“longed Also by mouyng of the humours iÌ„ lettyÌ„g of blud fumes are reised vp to the senowes and braunes of the armes whiche remaynyng vnconsumed waxe colde in slepe and ingrosse in the vtter partes And therfore if one slepe iÌ„mediately after lettyng of blud they cause confraction of the senowes and braunes of tharmes Secondly he sayth that one in lettyng blud must beware that he make nat the gashe to depe lest he hurt a senowe or an arterie strynge vnder the veyne for hurtyng of a senowe causeth a mortal crampe or losse of a meÌ„bre as an arme or a fynger and hurt of an arteri strynge causeth bledyng vncurable The .iiij. is one ought nat to eate iÌ„mediatly aft he is let blud but he must tary tyll the humors in hym be in qete lest the meate er hit be digested be drawen together with the blud to succour the hurt membre Omnia de lacte vitabis rite minute Et vitet potum fleubothomatus homo Frigida vitabit quia sunt inimica minutis Interdictus erit minutis nubilus aer Spiritus exultat minutis luce per auras subtile to ruÌ„ne through out al the body outcept the matter be furious The .ii. is abuÌ„dance of the mattâ—er for GaleÌ„ sayth on the aphorisme Inchoantilus morbis c. that it is than behoueful to be let blud or take a medicine laxatiue to alleuiate nature loded with abuÌ„dance of mattier The .iii. is greatnes sharpenes of the sickenes as whan there is a great an acheful impostume though the mattier be lyttel Gal. xiii 〈…〉 For GaleÌ„ sayth if the impostume be great ye must let blud at the begynnyng though there be but lyttel mattier lest it breke or open er it be rype therfore to eschewe many incoÌ„uenieÌ„ces blud lettyng must be done 〈◊〉 is so 〈…〉 eyther to 〈◊〉 or deth 〈◊〉 The .ii. rule is that blud lettyÌ„g may nat be done on the day of mocioÌ„ of the sickenes as in crisis nor no other vacuacion nor diuertyng of mattier froÌ„ the place that nature sendeth it to Nor like wise in the ague fyt For Galen sayth .i. aph that whaÌ„ the sickenes is in hit estate neyther blud lettyng nor laxatiue shulde be done for than the matter rypeth whiche rypeth better by quietnes thaâ—â—rryng The .iii. rule is that lettyng of blud shuld nat be done in begyÌ„nyng of the sickenes whan crisis is remoued for Isaac saith in his boke of vrins that though the hart be the engeÌ„drer of the blud spiritis yet the blud is fundacioÌ„ of natural hete susteyneth hit for hete is naturally therof engendred and therfore one voydyng blud voydeth hete whiche shulde digest the mattier of the sickenes and so coÌ„sequently the sickenes is proloÌ„ged strengthe weaked And therfore hit is to drede lest through lengthynge of the sickenes and weakyng of the streÌ„gthe nature shuld fayle The .iiii. rule is that the body hauyng dregges or filth iÌ„ the guttis shuld nat be let blud The cause is there be .iii. thyÌ„ges that draw to them hete emptynes all the shap nowe the veynes eÌ„pted by lettyng of blud dawe to them froÌ„ the next meÌ„bres as the guttis stomake wherby that bealy is indurated the mattier in the veynes more infected the miseraike draweth the humidites of the ordeurs the ordeurs are dried the more therfor ye must fyrst mollifie the bealy with clisters or suppositories except it waxe laxatiue alone The .v. rule is That lettyng of blud shulde nat be moche vsed for by oft vsyng therof one waxyng olde falleth in to dyuers diseases as epilencie apoplexie and palsey for by remouyng of the blud hete many flematike suê‘fluites are engendred that cause these diseases The .vi. rule is that a woman meÌ„struate or with childe shuld nat be let blud A womaÌ„ with childe shuld nat for therby the hete that digesteth meate is diminâ— and the foode of that that she goth with taken away specially whan it that she goth with waxeth great for thaÌ„ it nedeth more foode This sayth Hippocrates .v. aph whaÌ„ the menstruosite kepeth due curse voydeth naturally inough lettyÌ„g of blud shuld nat be done but whan it voydeth to moche than to diuert the mattier it must be done for nature wolde nat be let of her operacion The .vii. rule is that after the colerike passion one shuld nat be let blud for bi reason that lettyng of blud sturreth vp the humors a colerike on the right side of the body staÌ„deth the meÌ„bre that engendreth blud that is the lyuer and the receptacle of coler the galle AutuÌ„ne engeÌ„dreth melancoly whiche is gethered to gether nat resolued by wenter therfore in verÌ„ and wynter those veynes shuld be let blud in whiche melaÌ„coly hath dominion whiche be the lyft side veynes for the splen is on the lyft syde of the body whiche is the receptacle of melaÌ„coly Secondly he sayth that these .iiii. meÌ„bres the heed the hart the fote and the lyuer after the .iiii. seasons of the yere must be empted the hart in verÌ„ the lyuer in somer the heed iÌ„ wynter and the fote in autumne Dat saluatella tibi plurima dona minuta Purgat epar splenem pectus precordia vocem Innaturalem tollit de corde dolorem Here he toucheth .vi. coÌ„modites that come by lettyng blud of the veyâ—e called saluatella hit is the veyne on the backe of the haÌ„de betwene the myddyll fynger rynge fynger Fyrst it purgeth the lyuer SecoÌ„dly it cleÌ„setâ—â—ene Thyrdly it muÌ„difieth the breast Fourthly hit preserueth the stomakes mouthe froÌ„ hurt Fyftly hit doth away hurt of the voyce Sixtly hit doth away vnnaturall ache of the hart The reason of all these coÌ„modites is bicause the forsayd veyne auoydeth blud froÌ„ al these places as after it shall appere For a more ample declaracion hit is to witte that in lettyng of blud other while the veynes be opend and somtyme the arteries The openyÌ„g of the arterie is daÌ„gerous the chiefe cause hereof is the ouermoche bledyng whiche is caused .ii. ways One is through ferueÌ„t hete of the arterie blud for a hotte thyng is soone mouable delateth openeth the arterie and therfore hit helpeth moche to voyde the blud in lettyng blud the arterie The .ii. cause is mobilite of the arterie and therfore the wouÌ„de or gashe in it is slowlier healed for wouÌ„des without rest can nat heale Yet this lettyÌ„g of blud is holsome .iii. maner wise Fyrst whan there is abuÌ„daÌ„ce of subtile blud iÌ„ the body SecoÌ„dly