William a Cambâ— Brit. in Sussex of Nuborough writes of the place neer Battail-Abbey in Sussex where the fight was fought between the Normans and English that on every showre fresh blood springeth out of the earth as crying to God for vengeance being nothing else than a naturall tincture of the earth which doth dye the rain red as in Rutland and in other places 3. Of pretended Miracles which are really done Done by Nature let precedency be allowed to those which proceed from Naturall causes and here we will instance in one out of many thousands St. Nuns Pool in Cornwell was formerly famous for curing Mad folk and this the manner thereof 4. The Water running from St. Nuns Well b Garew in his Survey of Cornwall p. 123. fell into a square and close walled Plot S. Nuns cure of mad men which might be filled to what depth they listed Upon the Wall was the Frantick person set his back being towards the Pool and from thence with a suddain blow on the breast tumbled head-long into the Pond where a strong fellow provided for the nonce took him and tossed him up and down along and athwart the water untill the Patient forgoing his strength had somewhat forgot his fury Then was he conveyed to the Church and certain Masses said over him and St. Nun had the thanks of his recovery Amidst all this Water there was not one drop of Miracle but meer naturall causes artificially managed and that not curing the frensie but abating the Fit for the present 5. But other seeming Miracles Occult qualities no miracles done by Nature and the concurrence of Art were spun with a finer thread especially when they made advantage of occult qualities the certain reason whereof no Philosopher can render Such casualties happen in some times and places which properly are not Miracles though they puzell all men to assign the cause whereby they are effected One of which kinde I here transmit to posterity invested with all the circumstances thereof which I have carefully not to say curiously inquired into 6. In the year of our lord 1646 A wonder aâ—in to a miracle in London on the 16 of February this hapned in the Parish Church S. Leonard's Eastcheap whilst Mr. Henry Roughborough was Minister and Mr. John Taylor upper Church Warden thereof Thomas Hill the Sexton of that Parish making a Grave in the Night-time for George Streaton in the South-side in the passage into the Chancell and under the first Stone opened a Grave wherein he found two Skulls and as he conceived the proportionable Bones of Bodies belonging unto them under all these he light on a Corps whose Coffin above was consumed but the Body which he brought out of the Grave compleat and intire save that the Nose thereof flatted with his Spade as the Sexton believed The Flesh thereof both for Colour and Hardnesse like Scalded Bacon dried His Hair and Nails compleat with his Eyes but sunk into his Head and all his Enerails entire for a young Chirurgeon did open him save that shrunk very much within his Body 7. Some said it was the Corps of Mr. Pountney in Soper-lane A Corps unconsumed a Merchant buried Thirty four years before others of one Paul a wealthy Butcher in East cheap which was averred both by his principal Apprentice as also by William Haile the old surviving Sexton interred Four and twenty years agoe I read a Memoriall hereof entred in their Parish Register and thousands of people are alive to attest the truth thereof Had this hapned in the time of Popery what a Stock had here been to graft a Miracle on the branches of the fame whereof would have spread all over Christendome 8. Such false Miracles succeed which are effected by Art alone Seeming miracles done by Art whereof several kindes first such as are done by confederacy wherein if but five complete together they may easily deceive five thousand Thus the holy Maid of Kent was admired for telling mens secret sins by keeping correspondency with the Friers that formerly had heard their confessions others done by Leger-de-maine Thus there was a Rode at Boxly in Kent made with devices to move the eyes and lips but not to see and speak which in the year 1538 c Stowes Chron. in that year was publickly shewed at S. Paul's by the Preacher then Bishop of Rochester and there broken in pieces the people laughing at that which they adored but an hour before Such imposture was also used at Hailes-Abbey in Glocester shire where the blood of a Duck for such at appeared at the dissolving of the House was so cunningly conveyed that it strangely spirted or sprang up to the great amazement of common people accounting it the blood of our Saviour 9. Thirdly Mysterious Ventriloqui strange things are done by Ventriloqui which is a mysterious manner of uttering words not out of the porch of the mouth entry of the throat the common places of speech but out of the inward-room or rather arched-cellar of the belly yet so that the hollowness thereof seemingly sixeth the sound at a distance which no doubt hath been mistook for the voice of Images 10. Lastly such as are done by the power of Satan who hath a high Title and large Territory as termed Prince of d Ephes 2. 2. the power of the aire Now the aire being Satan's shop he hath therein many tools to work with and much matter to work on It is the Magazine of Meteors Lightning Thunder Snow Hail Winde Rain Comets c. wherewith many wonders may be atchieved and it is observable that Aire is required to those two Senses sight and hearing which usher in most outward objects into the soul False lights are of great advantage to such as vent bad wares Satan's power must needs be great in presenting shewes and sounds who can order the aire and make it dark or light or thick or thin at pleasure 11. We will conclude with one particular kinde of Miracles Plenty of false prophecies wherein Monks by the Devil's help did drive a great trade namely Predictions or pretended Prophecies Of these some were Post-nate cunningly made after the thing came to passe and that made the Invention of Prometheus which was the act of Epemetheus Others were languaged in such doubtfull Expressions that they bare a double sense and commonly came to passe contrary to the ordinary acceptance of them However hereby Satan saved his credit who loves to tell lies but loaths to be taken in them and we will onely instance in two or three which we may write and hear with the more patience because the last in this kinde which at the dissolution of Abbeys brought up the rest of Monasticall Prophecies 12. There was in Wales a great and Loobily Image A Forrest-burning Image called DARVELL GATHERNE of which an old Prophecie went That it should burn a Forrest and on that account was beheld by
unable to goe on so ashamed to break off scarce having had of a full Hundred Years so many Words of solid History But as I find little so I will feign nothing time being better spent in Silence then in Lying Nor do I doubt but clean Stomacks will be better satisfied with one drop of the Milk of Truth then foul Feeders who must have their Bellies ful with a Trough of VVash mingled with the water of Fabulous Inventions If any hereafter shall light on more History of these times let them not condemn my Negligence whilest I shall admire their Happinesse THE FOURTH CENTURY Anno Dom. To Theophilus Bidulph of London Esquire OF all Shires in England Stafford-shire vvas if not the soonest the largest sovvn vvith the Seed of the Church I mean the bloud of primitive Martyrs as by this Century doth appear I could not therefore dedicate the same to a fitter person then your self vvhose Family hath flourished so long in that County and vvhose Favours have been so great unto your thankfull Friend T. F 1. DArk and tempestuous was the Morning of this Century 303 which afterward cleared upto be a fair Day First persecution in Britain under Diocletian It began with great Affliction to Gods Saints The Spirit saith to the Church of Smyrna a Revel 2. 10. Ye shall have Tribulation ten dayes This is commonly understood of the Ten generall Persecutions over all the Christian world But herein Divine Mercy magnified it self towards this Island that the last Oecumenicall was the first Provinciall Persecution in Britain God though he made our Church his Darling would not make it a Wanton she must taste of the Rod with the rest of her Sisters The Fiery b 1 Pet. 1. 12. Triall spoken of by the Apostle now found out even those which by water were divided from the rest of the World This tenth Persecution as it was the last so it was the greatest of all because Satan the shorter his Reign the sharper his Rage so that what his Fury lacks in the Length it labours to gaâ—â— in the Thickness thereof 2. In this Persecution Alban the British S t. Stephen how a Citizen of Rome the first Britan which to Heaven led the Van of the noble Army of Martyrs was Alban a wealthy Inhabitant of Verolam-cestre and a Citizen of Rome for so Alexander c In his Poem on Verulam Neccham reports him Hic est Martyrii roseo decoratus honore Albanus Cives inclyta Roma tuus Here Alban Rome thy Citizen renow'nd With rosy Grace of Martyrdome was crown'd None need stop much lesse stumble at this seeming Contradiction easily reconciled by him that hath read S t. Paul in one place proclaiming himself an d Philipp 3. 5. Hebrew of the Hebrews and e Acts 22. 25. elsewhere pleading himself to be a Roman because born in Tarsus a City of Cilicia and Roman Colony as Verolam-cestre was at this time enfranchised with many Immunities Thus Alban was a Britan by Parentage a Roman by Priviledge naturally a Britan naturallized a Roman and which was his greatest Honour he was also Citizen of that spiritual Hierusalem which is from above 3. His Conversion happened on this manner The manner of Alban's Conversion Amphibalus a Christian Preacher of Caer-lion in VVales was fain to fly from persecution into the Eastern parts of this Island and was entertained by Alban in his house in Verulam Soon did the Sparks of this Guests Zeal catch hold on his Host and inflamed him with love to the Christian Religion Anno Dom. 303 Herein our Saviour made good his promise a Matth. 10. 41. He that receiveth a Righteous man in the name of a Righteous man shall receive a Righteous mans reward And the Shot of Amphibalus his Entertainment was plentifully discharged in Alban's sodain and sincere Conversion Not long after a search being made for Amphibalus Alban secretly and safely conveighed him away b Beda lib. 1. cap. 7. exchanging Cloaths with him offered himself for his Guest to the Pagan Officers who at that instant were a sacrificing to their Devil-Gods where not onely Alban being required refused to sacrifice but also he reproved others for so doing and thereupon was condemned to most cruell Torments But he conquered their Cruelty with his Patience and though they tortured their Brains to invent Tortures for him he endured all with Chearfulnesse till rather their Wearinesse then Pity made them desist And here we must bewaile that we want the true Story of this mans Martyrdome which impudent Monks have mixed with so many improbable Tales that it is a Torture to a discreet Eare to heare them However we will set them down as we find them the rather because we count it a thrifty way first to gult the Readers belief with Popish Miracles that so he may loath to look or listen after them in the sequele of the History 4. Alban being sentenced to be beheaded The miraculous Martyrdom of Alban much people flockt to the place of his Execution which was on a Hill called c Understand 〈◊〉 so called afterwards in the time of the Saxons Holm-hurst to which they were to go over a River where the narrow Passage admitted of very few a-breast Alban being to follow after all the Multitude and perceiving it would be very late before he could come to act his Part and counting every Delay half a Denial who wil blame one for longing to have a Crown by his Prayer obtained that the River parting asunder afforded free Passage for many together The corrupted Copy of Gildas calls this River the d Thames is wanting in the Manuscript Gildas in Cambridge Library Thames But if the Miracle were as farre from Truth as Thames from Verulam being 16 Miles distant it would be very hard to bring them both together The sight here of so wrought with him who was appointed to be his Executioner that he utterly refused the Imployment desiring rather to Die with him or for him then to offer him any Violence Yet soon was another substituted in his place for some cruel Doeg will quickly be found to do that Office which more mercifull men decline 5. Alban at the last being come to the Top of the Hill A new spring of Water at Alban's summons appears in the top of a Hill was very dry and desirous to drink Wonder not that he being presently to tast of Ioyes for evermore should wish for fading Water Sure he thirsted most for God's Glory and did it only to catch hold of the handle of an occasion to work a Miracle for the good of the Beholders For presently by his Prayer he summoned up a Spring to come forth on the top of the Hill to the amazement of all that saw it Yet it moistened not his Executioners Heart with any Pity who notwithstanding struck off the Head of this worthy Saint May 23 Aliter Iune
Kings when habited with his Cloaths to be cloathed with the habit of his vertuous Endowments as when putting on the Gloves of this Confessour their Hands ought to be like his in moderate taking of Taxes from their Subjects Indeed Impositions once raised are seldome remitted pretended Necessities being alwayes found out for their Continuance But our Edward released to his Subjects the grievous burden of Dane-gelt payed to his Predecessours conceiving it fit now the Danes were departed that the Gelt or Tax should go after them But now Edward's Staffe is broken Chair overturned Cloaths rent and Crown melted our present Age esteeming them the Reliques of Superstition 27. And yet all things being cast up No Confessour in the slrictness of the word I confesse I understand not how the name Confessour is proper to King Edward in the strict acceptance thereof For a Confessour is one actually persecuted for the testimony of the Truth and prepared to lose his Life for the same He is a Martyr in Bullion wanting onely the Stamp of a Violent Death to be impressed upon him Now a great part of our Edward's Life was led by him in Peace and Plenty nothing bounding his Abundance but his own Moderation for twenty years together having no visible Foe to offend him And although in his youth he lived in Normandy in a middle Condition betwixt an Exile and a Traveller flying thither for fear of the Danes yet such his Sufferings were of Civil Concernment not directly relating to Conscience though at distance reducible thereunto But seeing in the Titles of great Persons it is better to give too much then too little a Confessour we found him and a Confessour we leave him 28. Our Eyes have been so intent in beholding the Vertues of this King Stigand the vicious Arch-bishop of Canterbury we have been little at Leasure to take notice of the Arch-bishops of Canterbury during his Reign Know then that about ten yeares since Robert Arch-bishop of Canterbury who succeeded Eadsin therein fearing some hard measure from Earle Godwin notwithstanding he had been contentedly kissed out of his Mannour of Boseham conveyed himself away beyond the Seas to his Monastery in Normandy whence he came first into England After whose Depature Stig and Bishop of Winchester intruded himself into that See eminent onely for Vice and fordid Covetousnesse 29. As for the Ecclesiastic all Laws made by this King in his Reign King Edward's Ecclesiasticall Constitutions it will be enough to affix their Principall Titles 1. That every Clerk and Scholar should quietly enjoy their Goods and Possessions 2. What solemn Festivalls people may come and goe of without any Law-Sutes to disturb them 3. That in all Courts where the Bishops Proctour doth appear his Case is first to be heard and determined 4. That Guilty folk flying to the Church should there have Protection not to be reprehended by any but by the Bishop and his Ministers 5. That Tithes be paid to the Church of Sheep Pigs Bees and the like 6. How the Ordall was to be ordered for the Triall of Guilty persons by Fire and Water 7. That Peter-pence or Romescot be faithfully payed to the Pope But I loose time and referre the Reader to read these Constitutions at large being three and twenty in number in the worthy a In his Councils pag. 619. Work of that no lesse Learned then Religious Knight Sir Henry Spelman 30. And now the full time was come 24 wherein good King Edward exchanged this life for a better 1066 Jan. 4. Who How the Kings of England come to cure the Kings Evil. as he was famous for many personall Miracles so he is reported to have entailed by Heavens Consort an hereditary Vertue on his Successours the Kings of England onely with this Condition b Primrosius de Vulgat Error cap. ultimo that they continue constant in Christianity to cure the Kings Evil. This Disease known to the Greeks by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 termed by Laâ—ines Struma and Sorophulae hath it's Cause from Phlegm it 's chief and common outward Residence in or near the Neck Throat where it expresseth it self in Knobs and Kernells pregnant often times with corrupted Bloud other putrified matter which on the breaking of those Bunches floweth forth equally offensive to Sight Smell and Touch. And yet this noisome Disease is happily healed by the Hands of the Kings of England stroaking the Soar if any doubt of the Truth thereof they may be remitted to their own Eyes for farther Confirmation But there is a sort of men who to avoid the Censure of over-easie Credulity and purchase the Repute of prudent Austerity justly incurre the Censure of affected Frowardnesse It being neither Manners nor Discretion in them in matters notoriously known to give daily Experience the Lye by the Backwardnesse of their Belief 31 But whence this Cure proceeds Severall opinions of the Causes thereof is much controverted amongst the Learned Some recount it in the Number of those 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whose Reason cannot be demonstrated For as in vicious Common-wealths Bastards are frequent who being reputed Filii Populi have no particular Father so mans Ignorance increaseth the number of Occult Qualities which I might call Chances in Nature where the Effect is beheld but cannot be certainly referred to any immediate and proper Cause thereof Others impute it to the power c Ferrerius lib. 2. method cap. 11. de Homeric Curat of Fancie and an exalted Imagination For when the poor Patient who perchance seldome heard of and never saw a King before shall behold his Royall Hand dabling in a Puddle of Putrefaction with a charitable Confidence rubbing smoothing chafing those loathsome Kernells which I may call Clouds of Corruption dissolved oft-times into a feculent Shower I say when the Sick-man shall see an Hand so humble of an Arme so high such Condescention in a King to stroak that Soar at which meaner Persons would stop their Nostrills shut their Eyes or turn their Faces this raiseth erecteth enthroneth the Patients Fancie summoning his spirits to assist Nature with their utmost Might to encounter the Disease with greater Advantage And who will look into the Legend of the Miracles of Imagination shall find many strange and almost incredible things thereby really effected 32. Other Learned men Others count it Superstition and particularly d Lib. de Incantamentis Gaspar Peucenus though acquitting this Cure from Diabolicall Conjuration yet tax it as guilty of Superstition With him all such do side as quarrell at the Ceremonies and Circumstances used at the Healing of this Maladie Either displeased at the Collect read consisting of the first nine verses of the Gospell of S t. Iohn as wholly improper and nothing relating to the Occasion or unresolved of the Efficacy of the Gold pendent about the Patients Neck whether partly compleating or a bare Complement of the
Knight Henry Broomflete put before a Doctor of both Laws and yet John Colevil another Knight placed after the same Doctor I confess the contest very ancient about priority betwixt a Knight and a Doctor of Law ever since the comparison which a In orat pro. Murena Tully made betwixt Lucius Murena a Knight of Rome and Pub. Sulpitius a Lawyer either of them standing for the Consulship Though now in England the precedency of the Knight be indubitable since preferment is taken from Civil Law and the professors thereof shut up as it were in a narrow corner of their own faculty But we leave the Critical Decision thereof to his b Chassaneus la gloria mundi lib. 9. pen who hath wrot a just Tract of the Glory in truth of the Vanity of this world and exactly stated this particular with all the circumstances thereof 7. Whereas the King impowreth those his Commissioners to meddle in the point of his right of the Realm of France A charitable and no impolitick offer with King Charles his competitor submitting his Title to be discussed in the Councel it carrieth with it a confidence of his own right and charitable desire to save the effusion of Christian Bloud But this was not Councel but Camp-work and we meet not with the mention hereof once touched on in this great Assembly However so wary was King Henry or rather his Councel as not absolutely to tie up his title to the decision of this Councel but to give his Commissioners a negative voice in case they see cause to dissent 8. The general History of the Church reporteth the Acts of this Councel A contest betwixt the English and Castilaus about precedency how they deposed Pope Eugenius and substituted Felix in his room for which and other decisions therein Rome beholds this Councel but with bad eyes unto this day We will onely meddle with a difference therein which concerned our own Nation The Orators of several Kings began to take their places according to their birth-rights dating their age from their Nations first receiving of Christianity Here arose the controversie of course about precedency betwixt the English and Castile Ambassadours the former alledging Britaines conversion by Joseph of Arimathea which Alphonsus Garsias de Sancta Maria Dean of Compostella and Segovia Doctor of Law and Ambassadour for Castile with a Speech c Ex Schedis Coâ—â—onianâ—s more tedious then his name and titles much endeavoured to disprove and his arguments may be reduced to these four heads 1. First he denied Josephs arrival in Britaine and imposed the proof thereof on the English who affirmed it challenging them to produce any authentick Record for the same 2. Secondly he urged probability to the contrary out of the Golden Legend or Flores Sanctorum where it is reported how Titus taking Jerusalem caused a thick wall to be digged thorow and therein found an aged man who confessed himself to be Joseph Or Arimathea there imprisoned by the Jews for burying of Christ and that ever since he had been fed with-meat from heaven Hence he inferred that if Joseph were in durance all this while in the wall he could not as the English pretended come over into Britain to plant the Gospel 3. Thirdly grant that Joseph after his enlargement by Titus preached in Britain which must needs be after the year of our Lord seventy and two Spain long before had received the Gospel by the preaching of James the Apostle 4. Fourthly Be it granted that Joseph did preach in England it was but in a corner thereof the grand body of Britain remaining pagan many hundred years after These arguments he uttered with such an affected gravity as if he could have made the matter the more by pronouncing the words the longer 9. The English easily answered these exceptions The English their answer proving James to be slaughtered at Jerusalem by a Acts 12. 2. Herod before his pretended preaching in Spain seeing their own Country-man and an b Rodericus Ximenius in concer d. primatu cum praesule 〈◊〉 in Concil Lateran Anno. 1215. Arch-Bishop of Toledo confesseth as much They produced many ancient testimonies for the preaching of Joseph in Britain the fond fable of his being kept in a wall being beneath confutation as attested onely by a worthless Author Joannes de Voragine Their allegation that Britain was but partially converted by his preaching was but impertinent to the present purpose the point controverted not being of the universality but the antiquity of first receiving the Christian Faith Besides neither James nor any other Disciple ever converted a Kingdom totally and entirely to Christianity However nothing was concluded in this controversie alwayes agitated never decided 1. In the Councel of Pisa Anno 1409. 2. In the Councel of Constance 1417. betwixt the Ambassadours of England and France 3. In the Councel of Sienes before Martin the fifth Pope wherein Richard Fleming Bishop of Lincoln encountered France Spain and Scotland about precedency Lastly betwixt England and Spain in the Councel of Basil though therein nothing concluded those politick Prelates accounting it better to keep both Princes in hope by discussing then to put one into anger by deciding it Yea they loved to set up this controversie as that of the precedence of Cambridg and Oxford in English Parliaments out of design sometimes to delay time sometimes by starting it to stop and divert more dangerous disputes 10. Henry Chichely 15. Doctor of Law 1437 Arch-Bishop of Canterbury All-Souls College in Oxford founded Founded a Colledg in Oxford by the Name of All-Souls for a Warden and fourty Fellows which number by Statute was never to be augmented or impaired and all void places by death or otherwise once in a year to be supplied Wardens Anno Dom. 1437. 1. M r Rich. Andrews 2. M r Rog. Keys 3. Mr Gul. Kele 4. M r Gul. Poteman 5. M r Jo. Stokie 6. Tho. Hobbys 7. M r Gul. Brooke 8. M r Jo. Coale 9. M r Rob. Woodward 10. M r Rob. Stokelie 11. M r Jo. Warner 12. M r Seth Holland 13. M r Jo. Pope 14. M r Rich. Barâ—er 15. M r Rob. Hovenden 16. D r Mocket 17. D r Ashley D r Shelden D r Palmer Bishops Anno Regis Hen. 6. 15. James Gouldwel Bishop of Norwich 1472. Gilbert Bourn Bish of Bath and Wells 1554. Glyes Tomson Bish of Gloucester 1611. Brian Duppa Bish of Sarum Fellow of this House Benefactors King Henry the 6 th at the procurement of the Founder gave four Priories Alians viz. Alberbury Rumney Weeden-Pinkeney and Languenith Queen Elizabeth confirmed the Parsonage of Stanton Harcourt Reginald Poole Card. Arch-Bishop of Canterbury S r William Peter Fellow of this Colledg and Secretary to four Kings and Queens Learned Writers S r Clement Edmonds D r Gentilis an excellent Civilian D r Steward M r Diggs So that at this present this Colledg hath one Warden fourty
Henry had already attained both by his partial Reformation Power by abolishing the Pope's usurpation in His Dominions Profit by seizing on the lands and goods of suppressed Monasteries And thus having served His own turn His zeal wilfully tired to goe any farther and onely abolishing such Popery as was in order to his aforesaid designes He severely urged the rest on the practice of His Subjects 16. Herein he appeared like to Jehu King of Israel Compared with King Jehu who utterly rooted out the forraign Idolatry of BAAL fetcht from the Zidonians and almost appropriated to the family of Ahab but still worshipped the CALVES in DAN and BETHEL the state-Idolatry of the Kingdome So our Henry though banishing all out-landish superstition of Papall dependance still reserved and maintained home bred Popery persecuting the Refusers to submit thereunto 17. For The six bloody Articles by the perswasion of Bishop Gardiner in defiance of Archbishop Cranmer and the L. Cromwell with might and main opposing it it was enacted 1. That in the Sacrament of the Altar after consecration no substance of bread or wine remaineth but the naturall body and blood of Christ 2. That the Communion in both kindes is not necessary ad salutem by the law of God to all persons 3. That Priests after Orders received may not Marry by the Law of God 4. That Vows of Chastity ought to be observed 5. That it is meet and necessary that private Masses be admitted and continued in Churches 6. That auricular Confession must be frequented by people as of necessity to salvation Laws bad as penned worse as prosecuted which by some Bishops extensive interpretations were made commensurate to the whole body of Popery 18. Indeed The L. Cromwel's designe miscarrieth the Lord Cromwell unable to right his own had a designe to revenge himself on the opposite party by procuring an Act That Popish Priests convict of Adultery should be subject to the same punishment with Protestant Ministers that were married But Gardiner by his greatnesse got that law so qualified that it soon became lex edentula Ann. Reg. Hē 8. 32. whilst the other remained mordax death being the penalty of such who were made guilty by the six Articles though Nicholas Shaxton of Salisbury Ann. Dom. 1540. and Hugh Latimer of Worcester found the especial favour to save themselves by losing of their Bishopricks 19. And now began Edmond Bonner 〈…〉 aliàs Savage most commonly called by the former but too truly known by the later name newly made Bishop of London to display the colours of his cruelty therein which here I forbear to repeat because cited at large by Mr. Fox For I desire my Church-History should behave it self to his Book of Martyrs as a Lieutenant to its Captain onely to supply his place in his absence to be supplemental thereunto in such matters of moment which have escaped his observation 20. Match-makers betwixt private persons seldome finde great love for their pains Cromwell fal's into the Kings displeasure and peoples hatred betwixt Princes often fall into danger as here it proved in the L. Cromwell the grand contriver of the King's marriage with Anne of Cleve On him the King had conferred Honours so many and so suddainly that one may say The crudities thereof lay unconcted in his soul so that he could not have time to digest one Dignity before another was poured upon him Not to speak of his Mastership of the Jewel-house he was made Baron Master of the Rolls the Kings Vicar-general in spiritual matters Lord Privie-Seale Knight of the Garter Earle of Essex Lord Great Chamberlaine of England And my b Camdens Brit. in Essex p. 454. Authour observeth that all these Honours were conferred upon him in the compasse of five years most of them possessed by him not five moneths I may adde and all taken from him in lesse than five minutes with his life on the scaffold 21. This was the cause why he was envied of the Nobility and Gentry Why Cromwel was deservedly envied being by birth so much beneath all by preserment so high above most of them Besides many of his advancements were interpreted not so much Honours to him as Injuries to others as being either in use improper or in equity unfit or in right unjust or in conscience unlawfull for him to accept His Mastership of the Rolls such who were bred Lawyers conceived it fitter for men of their profession As for the Earldome of Essex conferred upon him though the title lately became void by the death of Bourchier the last Earl without Issue-male and so in the strictnesse of right in the King 's free disposal yet because he left Anne a sole Daughter behinde him Cromwel's invading of that Honour bred no good blood towards him amongst the kinred of that Orphan who were honourable and numerous His Lord great Chamberlainship of England being an Office for many years Hereditary in the Antient and Honourable House of Oxford incensed all of all that Family when beholding him possessed thereof His Knighthood of the Garter which custome had appropriated to such who by three degrees at least could prove their Gentile descent being bestowed on him did but enrage his Competitours thereof more honourably extracted As for his being the King's Vicar-General in Spiritual matters all the Clergie did rage thereat grutching much that K. Henry the substance and more that Cromwell His shadow should assume so high a Title to himself Besides Cromwel's name was odious unto them on the account of Abbies dissolved and no wonder if this Sampson plucking down the pillars of the Popish-Church had the rest of the structure falling upon him July 9. These rejoiced when the Duke of Norfolke arrested him for Treason at the Councel-Table whence he was sent Prisoner to the Tower 22. And now to speak impartially of him Cromwell's admirable parts though in prison If we reflect on his parts and endowments it is wonderfull to see how one quality in him befriended another Great Scholar he was none the Latine Testament gotten by heart being the master-piece of his learning nor any studied Lawyer never long-living if admitted in the Inns of Court nor experienced Souldier though necessity cast him on that calling when the Duke of Burbone besieged Rome nor Courtier in his youth till bred in the Court as I may call it of Cardinal Wolsey's house and yet that of the Lawyer in him so helped the Scholar that of the Souldier the Lawyer that of the Courtier the Souldier and that of the Traveller so perfected all the rest being no stranger to Germany well acquainted with France most familiar with Italy that the result of all together made him for endowments eminent not to say admirable 23. It was laid to his charge Articles charged upon the Lord Cromwell First that he had exceeded his Commission in acting many things of high conseqsence without acquainting the King therwith dealing therein
time in York shire which from a small pustle might have proved a painfull bile yea a fistulated ulcer if neglected it was quickly quelled on the execution of Omler and Dale the chief promoters thereof 22. By the favour of Sir Thomas Cotton 1550. having obtained to make use of his Library our English Vatican Abstracts of Church matters out of K. Edwards own Diary for Manuscripts I shall transcribe King Edwards Diurnall written with His own hand of the transactions in His Reigne True it is His Observations for his two first years are short and not exactly expressing the notation of time but His Notes as the Noter got perfection with His age They most belong to Secular affairs out of which we have selected such as respect Ecclesiasticall matters May the Reader be pleased to take notice that though my Observations as printed goe a-breast in parallel Columes with those of His Highnesse it is my intention they should observe their distance in their humble attendance thereupon Text Royall Observations thereon THe Lord Protectour by his own a a Thus the Pilot to save the Ship from sinking casts out the rich lading into the Sea agreement April 2. and submission lost his b b This lay void ever after whilst the Treasurership was presently conferred on Will Powlet Marquesse of Winchester and the Marshalship on John Dudley Earle of Warwick Protectourship Treasurership Marshalship all his Moveables and neer 2000 li. Land by Act of Parliament The Bp. of c c Namely George Day who notwithstanding this Sermon remained a zealous Papist and on that score was deprived of his Bishoprick Chichester before a vehement affirmer of Transubstantiation Ann. Dom. 1650. did Preach against it at Westminster in the Preaching-place April 4. My Lord Somerset taken into the Counsel 10. Order taken 13. that whosoever had d d Understand it not by Private Patrones but either presented by the King or Lord Chancellour Benefices given them should preach before the King in or out of Lent and every Sunday there should be a Sermon Masse for the Lady Mary denied to the Emperours e e These ingaged Archbishop Cranmer and Bishop Ridlye to presse the King with politick Reasons for the permission therof He unable to answer their Arguments fell a weeping Ambassadour 19. It is granted that my Lord of Somerset should have all his moveable Goods 27. and Leases except those that be already f f Courtiers keep what they catch and catch what ever they can come by given May 2. Joane g g An obstinate Heretick maintaining That Christ assumed nothing of the Virgin Mary but passed through Her as a Conduit-pipe She with one or two Arians were all who and that justly died in this Kings Reign for their Opinions Bocher otherwise called Joane of Kent was burnt for holding that Christ was not incarnate of the Virgin Mary being condemned the year before but kept in hope of conversion The Bishops of London and Ely were to perswade her but she withstood them and reviled the Preacher that preached at her death The Lord Cobham and Sir William Peter came home from their journy 20. delivering both the Oath and the Testimonial of the Oath witnessed by divers Noblemen of France and also the h h Advantageous enough for the French and dishonourable too much to the English whose covetousnesse was above their sense of Honor selling Bologne bought with blood for a summe of money Treaty sealed with the great Seal of France and in both was confessed that I was i i The Controversie about this Title lying not betwixt the Crowns of England and France but betwixt England and Rome no wonder if the French yeilded to any Style in a Treaty so gainfull to themselves supreme Head of the Church of England and Ireland Ann. Dom. 1550. The Duke of Somerset June 9. Marquesse of North-hampton Lord Treasurer Bedford and the Secretary Peter went to the Bishop of Winchester to know to what he would k k For as yet this subtile-Statist scarce knew his own mind often receding from his Resolves whose inconstancy in this kinde incensed the King and Councell against him stick He made Answer that he would obey and let forth all things set forth by Me and My Parliament and if he were troubled in conscience he would reveal it to the Councell and not reason openly against it The Books of My Proceedings were sent to the Bishop of Winchester to see whether hee would set his hand to it 10. or promise to set it forth to the people The Duke of Somerset 14. with five others of the Councell went to the Bp. of the Winchester to whom he made this Answer I having deliberately seen the Book of Common-Prayer although I would not have made it so my self yet I finde such things in it as satisfieth my conscience therefore both I will execute it my self and also see other my l l Parish in the Dialect of a Bishop is notoriously known to be his Diocese Yet I deny not but that the numerous Parishioners of Saint Mary Overies wherein Winchester-House are herein particularly intended Parishioners to doe it This was subscribed by the aforesaid Counsellours that they heard him say these words The Earl of Warwick July 9. the Lord Treasurer Sir William Herbert and Secretary Peter went to the Bishop of Winchester with certain Articles signed by Me and the Councel containing the Confessing of his Fault the Supremacy the establishing of Holy-daies the abolishing of the six Articles c. whereunto he put his hand saving to the Confession Sir William Herbert and the Secretary Peter July 10. were sent to him to tell him That I marvelled that he would not put his hand to the Confession To whom he made Answer That he would not doe it because he was m m If conscious of no crime he is not to be condemned for justifying his own integrity innocent 11. The Bishop of London Secretary Peter Mr. Cecil and Gooderich were commanded to make certain Articles according to the Laws and to put them in the Submission It was appointed that under the n n Such Umbrages of Simulation presumed lawful by all Politicians Quaere whether the Protestants in the Netherlands or France those of High Germany being beyond the line of probability were here intended shadow of preparing for Sea-matters 12. there should be sent 5000 lib. to the Protestants to get their good wills The Bishop of Winchester denied the o o They were drawn up in so punctual expressions the other had neither compasse for evasion nor covert for equivocation Articles 14. which the Bishop of London and others had made The Bishop of Winchester was p p A Rod formerly in fashion but never so soundly layd on as of late sequestred from his fruits for three months 19.
credit is to be given to their conceit who ascribe the following tranquillity of this Diocess to Bishop Watson Whites successour therein because he was a man so buried in the speculations of School-Divinity that it unactiv'd him to be practical in persecution I say again both these reasons amount not to any partiall cause of the peace of this Diocess For we know full well that after the coming in of Queen Elizabeth this White and this Watson discovered keenness and fiercenesse of spirit against Her more then any other Bishops in so much that they threatned Her with an excommunication I conceive the true cause was this Lincolne Diocess in the Reign of Henry the eighth had borne the heat of the day when Buckingham-shire alone as we have formerly a Lib. 4. Cent. 16. Parag. 2. observed afforded more Martyrs then all England beside God therefore thought it fit that other Diocesses should now take their turnes that this of Lincolne harraged out before should now lie fallow whilest other Countries like rest-ground should suffer persecution whereon indeed the plowers plowed and made long furrows 17. The Diocesses of Oxford Quiet in foure Diocesses Glocester Hereford and Worcester under their respective Bishops Robert Kinge James Brook Robert Parfew and Richard Pates enjoyed much quiet It being true of them what is said of Judea Galilee and Samaria after the conversion of b Acts. 9. 31. Paul Then hid the Churches rest throughout all those places This principally flowed from Gods gracious goodnesse who would not have all places at once equally embroyled It is not fit that all the rooms in the house should onely be chimney furnace or oven but that it should also afford some other places for quiet repose And yet I wonder much that we finde no fire and very little smoke in Glocester-shire seeing Brook the Bishop thereof is c Isaaâ—sons Chronologie of Bishops pag 477. charactered to be A great Persecutor of Protestants Indeed his fury spent it self most abroad who either being or accounting himself a great Scholar stickled much at Oxford against Arch-Bishop Cranmer pretending himself to be a Commissioner immediately Delegate from the Pope and venting his malice against that good Prelate in two Orations onely remarkable for their length and bitterness 18. Ralph Baynes was Bishop of Coventrie In the Diocess of 〈…〉 and Lichfield late Professour of Hebrew in Paris who also a 〈…〉 pag 759. wrote a Comment on the Proverbs and dedicated it to Francis the first King of France Sure I am he forgat a passage of Solomons therein Prov. 14. 21. But he that hath mercy on the poor happy is â—e This Baines proving a blodie persecutour of Gods poor servants in his Jurisdiction The gentile birth and breeding of Mrs. Joyce Lewes was not too high for him to reach at and the poor condition of Joan Wast a blinde woman in Darbie was not too low for him to stoop to condemning them both to death In the Diocess of Yorke with many other faithfull witnesses of the truth 19. The Arch-Bishoprick of Yorke enjoyed much peace and tranquillity under D r. Nicolas Heath a meek and conscientious man It is enough to intimate his moderate temper equal and disingaged from violent extremities that Primo Elizabethae in the Disputation between the Papists and Protestants he was chosen by the Privie Councel one of the Moderatours And as he shewed mercy in prosperity he found it in adversity in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth though depos'd from his dignity repos'd in a peacable quietnesse So that his impotent age might rather seem seasonably eased of troublesome greatnesse than abridged of any requisites for his comfortable supportation 20. D r. Cotes was Bishop of Chester In the Diocess of Chester who washed his hands in the blood of M r. George March burnt at Chester At whose execution I understand not the addition of a pitch'd barrell placed above his head certainly to enflame the flame but whether out of kindnesse to hasten his death or cruelty to encrease his pain I dare not decide Sure I am Cotes died soon after and Cuthberi Scot succeeded in his Bishoprick one very busie about the burning of Buâ—â—rs body in Cambridge but otherwise I finde no persecution raised by him in his own Diocess 21. The Bishoprick of Durham had Halcyon dayes of ease Peace in the Bishoprick of Durham and quiet under God and good Cuthbert Tonstall the Bishop thereof A learned man of a sweet disposition rather devout to follow his own than cruel to persecute the conscience of others Indeed he being present in London at the examination of divers Martyrs would sometimes flie out in base and unbeseeming language as when he called Bishop Hooper beast for being married yet his passion herein may the rather be pardoned because politickly presumed to barke the more that he might bite the lesse as appeared by his courteous carriage in his own Diocess For I meet with the marginal note in b Volum 3. pag. 9581. M r. Fox which indeed justly deserved even in the fairest letters to be inserted in the body of his book Note that Bishop Tonstall in Queen Maries time was no great bloody persecutor For M r. Russel a Preacher was before him and D r. Himner his Chancellour would have had him examined more particularly The Bishop slayed him saying Hitherto we have had a good report among our neighbours I pray you bring not this mans blood upon my head But more of this Cuthbert Tonstall hereafter And of Carlile 22. The Diocess also of Carlile was not molested with any great troubles under Owen Oglethorp the Bishop thereof one qualified with a moderate temper It argueth no lesse because afterward he crowned Queen Elizabeth an office which all other Bishops then stiffly denied to performe But to speak plain English though the peaceableness of these northerne Bishopricks procceded partly from the mildeness of those that sate in the Episcopal chairs thereof yet it must be remembred that even want of matter for persecution to work on conduced much to the peace of those places The beams of the Gospel being neither so bright nor so hot in these parts where ignorance and superstition generally prevailed 23. The same may be said of all Wales The singulaâ—rity of the B. of Landaffe where casting over our eye we discover no considerable persecution under the Bishops of Asaph and Bangor But as for the Bishop of Landaffe his proceedings against good Raulins White whom he caused to be burnt at Cardiffe was remarkable as standing alone without precedent For He caused his Chaplain to say a mass the first I beleeve that found out and last that used that way for the conversion of the said Rawlins though the same proved ineffectuall 24. But D r. Morgan The cruelty of the B. of Bangor Bishop of S t. Davids is paramount for his cruelty passing the sentence of condemnation on Robert
according to their intentions which here are interpretable according to other Mens inclinations The Archbishops adversaries imputed this not to his charity but policy Fox-like preying farthest from his own den and instigating other Bishops to doe more than he would appear in himself As for his own Visitation-Articles some complained they were but narrow as they were made and broad as they were measured his under-officers improving and enforcing the same by their enquiries beyond the letter thereof 42. Many complain that Mans badness took occasion to be worse Licentiousness increaseth under the protection of these sports permitted unto them For although liberty on the Lords-day may be so limited in the notions of learned men as to make it lawfull it is difficult if not impossible so to confine it in the actions of lewd people but that their liberty will degenerate into licentiousness 43 Many moderate Men are of opinion Conceived by some a concurring cause of our civil Warrs that this abuse of the Lords day was a principall procurer of Gods anger since poured out on this land in a long and bloody civil war Such observe that our fights of chief concernment were often fought on the Lords-day as pointing at the punishing of the profanation thereof Indeed amongst so many battells which in ten yeers time have rent the bowels of England some on necessity would fall on that day seeing we have be-rubrick'd each day in the week almost in the yeer with English blood and therefore to pick a solemne providence out of a common-casualty savours more of curiosity than conscience Yeâ— seeing Edge-hill-fight which first brake the peace and made an irreconcileable breach betwixt the two parties was fought on that day and some battells since of greatest consequence there may be more in the observation than what many are willing to acknowledge But whatsoever it is which hence may be collected sure I am those are the best Christians who least censure others and most reform themselves 44. But here it is much to be lamented A sad alteration that such who at the time of the Sabbatarian controversie were the strictest observers of the Lords-day are now reeled by their violence into another extreme to be the greatest neglecters yea contemners thereof These Transcendents accounting themselves mounted above the Predicament of common piety averr they need not keep any because they keep all days Lords-dayes in their elevated holinesse But alas Christian duties said to be ever done will prove never done if not sometimes solemnly done These are the most dangerous Levellers equalling all times places and persons making a generall confusion to be Gospell-perfection Whereas to speak plainly we in England are rebus sic stantibus concerned now more strictly to observe the Lords-day than ever before Holy-daies are not and Holy-eves are not and Wednesday and Friday-Letanies are not and Lords-day eves are not and now some out of errour and others out of profaneness goe about to take away the Lords-day also all these things make against Gods solemn and publique service Oh let not his publique worship now contracted to fewer chanells have also a shallower stream But enough of this subject wherein if I have exceeded the bounds of an Historian by being to large therein such will pardon me who know if pleasing to remember that Divinity is my proper profession 45. At this time miserable the maintenance of the Irish Clergy Irish impropriations restored where Scandalous means made Scandalous Ministers And yet a Popish Priest would grow fat in that Parish where a Protestant would be famished as have not their lively-hood on the oblations of those of their own Religion But now such Impropriations as were in the Crown by the King were restored to the Church to a great diminution of the Royall-Revenew though his Majesty never was sensible of any loss to himself if thereby gain might redound to God in his Ministers Bishop Laud was a worthy Instrument in moving the King to so pious a work and yet this his procuring the restoring of Irish did not satisfy such discontented at his obstructing the buying in of English Impropriations thus those conceived to have done hurt at home will hardly make reparations with other good deeds at distance 46. A Convocation concurrent with a Parliament was called and kept at Dublin in Ireland The 39 Articles received in Ireland wherein the 39. Articles of the Church of England were received in Ireland for all to subscribe unto It was adjudged fit seeing that Kingdome complies with England in the Civill government it should also conform thereto in matters of Religion Mean time the Irish Articles concluded formerly in a Synode 1616. wherein Arminianisne was condemned in terminis terminantibus and the observation of the Lords day resolved jure Divine were utterly excluded 47. A Cardinals-Cap once and again offered by the Pope Bishop Laud refuseth a Cardinalls-Cap to Bishop Laud was as often refused by him The fashion thereof could not fit his Head who had studied and written so much against the Romish Religion He who formerly had foiled the Fisher himself in a publick disputation would not now be taken with so filly a bait but accquainted the King therewith timuit Roman vel donaferentem refusing to receive anything from Rome till she was better reformed 48. Doctor William Juxon Bishop of London March 6 1635 Bishop Juxon made Lord Treasurer was by Bishop Lauds procurement made Lord Treasurer of England entring on that Office with many and great disadvantages Anno Dom. 1635 Anno Regis Caroli 10 First because no Clergy-man had executed the same since William Grey Bishop of Ely almost two hundred yeare agoe in the raign of King Edward the fourth Secondly because the Treasury was very poor and if in private houses bare walls make giddy Hous-wives in Princes Palaces empty Coffers make unsteady Statesmen Thirdly because a very Potent I cannot say Competitor the Bishop himself being never a Petitor for the Place but desirer of this Office was frustrated in his almost assured expectation of the same to himself 49. However so discreet his carriage in that place His comendable carriage it procured a generall love unto him and politick malice despairing to bite resolved not to bark at him He had a perfect command of his passion an happiness not granted to all Clergy-men in that age though privy-Counsellors slow not of speech as a defect but to speak out of discretion because when speaking he plentifully payed the principall and interest of his Auditors expectation No hands having so much money passing thorough them had their fingers less soiled there with It is probable his frugality would have cured the consumption of the Kings Exchequer had not the unexpected Scotch commotion put it into a desperate relapse In this particular he was happy above others of his order that whereas they may be said in some sort to have left their Bishopricks
instrument in any such matter Sir I may be under mistakes through forget fulnesse but I hope there is a principle within me which will not suffer me to suggest an untruth willingly London July the 10th 1654. Your loving Friend Simon Ash Here we see what he writes and what others print If there was any such Oath it seems it had the happinesse of a short Part and sensible of its own ill acting therein it sneaked down so quickly into the Tireing house that it hopes not to be remembred ever to have come upon the Stage But if Mr. Ash was active herein I see stripes are not so soon forgotten by those that bear them as by those that lay them on For my own part I am satisfied no such Oath was tendred by him charitably believing that he would not crosse his own doctrine when preaching to the Parliament 1640 on Psal 9. 9. The Lord is a refuge for the oppressed he complained of the strictnesse of University Oathes 37. Not long after warning was given The Covenant generally tended that all Students should come in within b Quâ—rela Cant. pag. twelve daies and take the Covenant This seemed a strange summons and the two Chaplains to whom the Earle of Manchester most milde in his selfe chiefly remitted the managing of these matters were challenged for injustice herein For though Divines they were presumed to have so much of Civil Law yea of the Law of Nature as to know Nemo tenetur ad impossibilia No man is tied to impossibilities whereas many Schollers being absent more scores of miles than they had daies allowed them besides the danger of Armies interposed could not if receiving warning repair at the time appointed but because many of them were suspected to be in the Kings Army twelve daies were conceived for them as much as c M. Ash informed me that afterward a longer time was given them and refused twelve moneths no time being too short for those who were willing and none long enough for such who were unwilling to take the Covenant 38. This Covenant being offered was generally refused whereupon the Recusants were ordered without any delay to pack out of the University three dayes after their ejection 39. Doctor Brownrigg Bishop of Exceter and Master of Katharine Hall Offence taken at Bp. Brownrigg Sermon was now Vice Chancellour of Cambridge succeeding Dr. Holdesworth as I take it for know Reader I begin now to be incurious in Chronologie not so much because weary with a long observing thereof as because such the noise of the present disturbance I cannot hear what the Clock of Time doth strike This sure I am that the Vice Chancellour though eminent for his piety gravity and learning could so little prevail for others endeavouring all the good offices he could that the next year he was banished the University for preaching the Inauguration Sermon of the KING wherein many passages were distasted by the Parliament-party And now they vigoronsly proceeded having learned the Maxime in Hippocrates that Licet in extremis ad lipothymiam vacuare In desperate cures one may let blood even till the patient swounds on confidence that though the soule dissembleth a departure yet it will stay still in the body especially when finding it amended in the temper thereof And it seems the blood appeared so corrupt to these Physicians that so great a quantity was taken away some Colledges lay as it were languishing for the losse thereof 40 In Queens Coll there was made a thorow Reformation neither Master Fellow nor Scholler being left of the Foundation so that according to the Laws of the Admiralty it might seem a true Wreck and forfeited in this Land tempest for lack of a live thing therein to preserve the propriety thereof However some conceived this a great severity contrary to the eternall Morall of the Jewish Law provided against the depopulation of Birds nests that the Old and Young Ones should be destroyed together But to prevent a vacuity the detestation of nature a new Plantation was soon substituted in their room who short of the former in learning and abilities went beyond them in good affections to the Parliament 41. However What became of so many ejected Fellows on the account of Humanity some pity may seem due to such Fellows outed house and home merely for refusing the Covenant being otherwise well-deserving in the judgements of those who ejected them And it is strange to conceive how many of them got any subsistence or livelyhood to maintain themselves This mindeth me of the occasion of the Greek * Zenodotus the Author thereof Proverb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He is either dead or teacheth Schoole For when Nicias the General of Athens Anno Dom. 1643. having many Schollers in his Army had fought unfortunately against the Sicilians and when such few as returned home were interrogated what became of their Companions this was all they could return They were either dead or taught Schoole a poor and wofull imployment it seems in those daies as weighed in the other scale against Death so indifferent was the odds betwixt them The same we conceive the hard hap of such Fellows that survived the grief of their Ejection many betook themselves to the painfull profession of School-Master no calling which is honest being disgracefull especially to such who for their conscience sake have deserted a better condition 42. I know what the Chaplains of the Earle have pleaded The Chaplains plea for themselves in excuse of their rigorous proceedings against the Scholars at this time viz That authority was much exasperated by Academicks deserting their places and refusing upon summons given to come in with Petitions for favour in relation to such particulars wherein they were dissatisfied that as if the times were their Text whatever the subject of their Sermons they were invective against the present Authority that Querela Cantabrigiensis is but Querela relating all things to the worst and plaints are no proofs That for their own parts they onely answered the spur and scarcely that being quickned on both sides both from above and beneath and daily complained of That their over remisness would obstruct Reformation both in Church and University How sarre this will prevail on the belief of posterity is unto me unknown 43. Some perchance may be so curious hereafter to know what Removals and Substitutions were made at this time amongst the Heads of Houses Great alteration in Heads of Houses Now although a man may hold a candle to lighten posterity so near as to burn his own fingers therewith I will run the hazard rather than be wanting to any reasonable desire Masters put out 1. Dr. Iohn Cosens Dean of Peterborough and Prebendary of Durham 2. Dr. Thomas Pask Archdeacon of London 3. Dr. Benjamin Laney Dean of Rochester 4. Dr. Thomas Badgcroft 5. Dr. Samuel Collins the Kings Professour 6. Dr. Edward Martine Chaplain to Archbishop Land 7. Ralph