the party baptized and in the Lords supper bread wine with the rites and orders that christ himselfe ordained And this againe by a double manner of speech for sometimes vnder this worde there are meant onely the outward signes as when Augustine affirmeth August that the wicked do eate Christ as in respect of the sacrament And somtimes it is vsed for the signes ioyned with the very thing it selfe signified as when Irenaeus saith Irenaeus that the sacrament consisteth of two things one heauenlie and the other earthlie for hee calleth the heauenlie thing the body and bloud of christ and the earthlie the bread and the wine and all that together hee nameth the sacrament And this much concerning the word it selfe or the name sacrament Let vs now at the length come to the matter Sith nowe therefore that euerie sacrament is a signe wee must needes put the word Sacrament in the predicament of relation or relatiues as the logicians call them that is amongst such things as haue mutuall respectes one of them to an other And sith relation must needes be amongest sundrie thinges which haue mutuall respect one of them to an other wee must therefore of necessitie confesse that in the sacraments there is a signe and the thing signified Neyther when I deliuer these 2 parts which indeed do meete or wherof in truth al sacraments do consist do I shut out the word August Let the worde saith Augustine come vnto the element and it shal become a sacrament I do not therefore exclude or shut out the worde which is as it were the life soule of either of the parts and to which the sacraments themselues as wee haue saide before are adioyned as seales And thus farre foorth euen they agree with vs which otherwise doo most of all dissent from vs. Wherefore lette vs nowe see which bee those signes and which bee those thinges signified for in this point we doo not all agree Wee call water the signe in Baptisme and the thing signified we call Christs bloud by the washing whereof we hauing obtained forgiuenes of sinnes and being mortified in our flesh we are saued But concerning baptisme I will not nowe say anie more In the supper certainelie there are two signes or rather signes of two sortes For some of them are certaine materiall and substantiall signes as for example the bread and wine other-some are actions and sacramentall rites which are not for all that vaine or superfluous acts but haue there certaine sacramentall consideratton and respect from the Lordes institution of whiche point wee will speake heereafter I say then that in the Lordes supper these are outward materiall visible and as you would say palpable signes that God hath annected vnto his word euen the bread and wine This the Papistes denie as who after that they haue confessed that the sacraments doo consist of a signe and a thing signified doo yet notwithstanding afterwardes take the bare accidents of bread and wine as coulour forme and such like for the signes themselues for they maintaine that in the Lords supper there remaineth not the substāce of bread and wine but that that vanisheth away that there cōmeth in the place thereof the substance of the Lords bodie and bloud Therefore in their iudgement the signes shall be the accidents And which I beseech you Forsooth whitenesse roundnes and rednesse if they consecrate red wine which accidents they doo by a new name call kind shew or forme Augustine But as Augustine rightlie teacheth Vnlesse there were a certeine analogie proportion and agreement betweene the things signified the signes themselues they could not be counted sacraments Now betweene accidents substances there is no agreement therefore the sacraments as they call them shal not be sacraments for it behooueth the signes so to agree with the things signified that they may represent to mēs minds that which they signifie I will speake somewhat more plainelie A similitude If admonishing some one I would haue him with his eies to behold and with his mind to cōceiue a man I will not set before him the image of a horsse or of an oxe to looke vpon because that outward shape or forme of an horsse or of an oxe cannot beget in his mind the conceit portrature or image of a man although all these things that is to say man horsse oxe c. are referred to one generall word or terme to wit liuing creature much lesse then shall the shape of an herbe or forme of an horsse bring to my minde and memorie the forme or shape of a man and least of all others shall those accidents which are void of all substance as whitenesse rednesse roundnesse c. call to my remembrance things that in deed are to wit the bodie bloud of Christ In that papists make the accidents of the elements the signes of the sacraments there followeth three absurdities therevpon But it was the Lords purpose in his supper to offer vnto our mindes and thoughts the verie food of our soules that is to say Christes bodie deliuered to death for vs and his bloud shed for the forgiuenes of our sinnes betweene which and those accidents there is no proportion and agreement whereas yet notwithstanding bread and wine the verie food of our bodies in deed doo most fitlie euen set before our verie eies almost that same spirituall nourishment that we must haue from him And sith no man can be fed by accidents how can such accidents then represent that same eternall food Furthermore though by the meanes of some accidents materiall things may be set before our eies yet all accidents doo not belong to or agree with euerie matter for manie both white and round things may be beheld which shall not for all that represent a bodie and who hath told them that the bread which Christ brake and gaue vnto his disciples was white or round in such sort as they bake it and make it Therefore the true signes of Christes bodie and bloud are the verie bread and the verie wine which thing the apostle declareth 1. Corinth 10.16 saieng The bread which we breake is the communion or partaking of the bodie of Christ and the cup that we blesse is the partaking of the bloud of Christ And that same consubstantiation or transubstantiation is a filthie forgerie and deuise of satan Now let vs come to the thing signified and first wee will declare Enemies to truth are of two sorts that is ignorant and malicious what manner and kinde of signification this is that wee speake of For this is obiected against vs partlie by some that know not what is deliuered and taught in our churches and partlie by other some that doo maliciouslie slander vs that wee saie wee set out to be beheld in the sacraments as it were a vaine picture or a certeine dead image that maie stir vp in vs the remembraunce of Christ when yet notwithstanding
say Christ himselfe with all his benefits to the partaking whereof we are called But notwithstanding some difference there is to wit according to more and lesse as they vsuallie say in schooles First The first difference because that when the sacraments are ioined to the simple word or word alone then it necessarilie followeth that there is a more plentifull declaration of Gods good will towards vs and looke by how much there are more obiects in number and they likewise more euident by so much the more vehementlie or earnestlie they doo mooue and stirre vs vp or at leastwise ought so to doo Secondlie The second difference because although the worde alone propounded generallie vnto all bee afterwardes by the power of faith applied vnto euerie particular faithfull person yet this is not there so plainelie and particularlie expressed as in the sacraments in which Christ is verilie offered particularlie and seuerallie to euerie one wherby it commeth to passe that euerie particular beleeuer is after a certeine maner put into the possession of Christ himselfe Q 6 How is the matter ioined with the signes The signes and the things signified are ioined sacramentallie A By a sacramentall maner which seeing it is proper peculiar to them alone must be declared by a proper definition such a one as is fit for that purpose we therefore define or determine that the sacramentall maner of ioining the matter with the signes Why it is called a spirituall coniunction is spirituall by which epitheton or word we conceiue no imagined or feined thing but principally meane that it specially dependeth of the power of the Holie ghost as we haue alreadie said in the declaration of the formall cause Moreouer by that meanes we shut out all grosse and naturall maner of ioining A similitude for as we know that the signs are vpon earth not else where which thing also no man can or will denie so also we hold and conclude that the matter it selfe that is to say Christ himselfe according to his flesh is contained in heauen and not in anye other place as wee gather out of the Scriptures Luke 24.51 Actes 3.21 Roman 8.34 Coloss 3.1 and all the Fathers of right faith and sound iudgement And yet wee doubt not but that the signes are ioyned with the matter that is to say in that respect or so farre foorth as God dooth not onlie as it were a far off shew the signs of the bodie and bloud of Christ but beside the very signes doth also truely giue vnto vs Christ himselfe to be enioyed and possessed of vs. Whereby also it commeth to passe that in this respect aboue mentioned these things may be truely saide to be ioyned together although by spaces of places they are separated far and wide asunder Notwithstanding we holde that this coniunction is true and certaine The sacramentall coniunction is true and sure in so much as that therefore the name of the thing it selfe that is I saye the body and bloud is indeede figuratiuely but yet very significantly and plainely giuen to the very signes to wit vnto the bread and the wine Secondly to the ende wee maye more fully declare this sacramentall maner of ioyning the matter with the signe wee adde that it is significatiue not as though God did onely signifie vnto vs in the Sacramentes What is called a significatiue coniunction the body and bloud of hys Sonne and also his Sonne hymselfe for no doubt but that also hee dooth truelie giue him vnto vs but wee doo it to this ende least anye man shoulde thinke the matter to bee so coupled with the signes that Christs flesh also shoulde nowe be present in earth though it were after a certaine inuisible and incomprehensible maner We say therefore that Christes bodie and bloud is by so great a space absent from the signes euen as the earth it selfe Curiositie to be auoided speciallie in things we are not skilled in is distant from the most high Heauens or from the seate of the blessed touching which wee minde not at any time ouer curiously to dispute or discourse and into which we knowe and beleeue that Christ ascended that so in all our behalfes and for vs indeede he might obtaine and get that same immortal inheritance Notwithstanding we separat not the thing from the signs either as in respect of God who truely offereth both the one and the other Things must be so ioyned that neither they nor other must be confounded or iumbled together or as in respect of the faithfull who truelie and indeede receiue both But we note the difference of place in the coniunction of the thing and the signes that the trueth of Christes fleshe and of his ascension may be preserued safe and sounde neither yet do we for al that by any meanes make void the Lords supper it selfe Q 7 What is to be thought of these manner of speeches The bodie of the Lord is in or with or vnder the bread or nigh vnto the bread and of all or any other that be of the like sort A As yet wee feare to vse these or suche like manner of speaches because they seeme to take awaye the distaunce of places Two causes why these kindes of speeches are not to be allowed which wee necessarilie establishe and allowe or else they vpholde the vbiquitie of Christes bodie which we maie not graunt at any hand although we confesse that besides the signes the thing it selfe is offered vs of GOD and by the faithfull truely receiued but after that maner which we will declare in the tenth question Notwithstanding it shold seeme A christian yeelding for peace sake but yet with good cautions and exceptions that these termes which are vnder for concordes sake may be admitted but not vnlesse a plaine and manifest interpretation be ioyned withall to wit that these particles are so to bee vnderstoode not as though Christs flesh shoulde be placed vppon earth but that we may knowe that besides the signes themselues which are vppon the earth Christ himselfe whiche is in heauen is truely giuen vnto vs as the signes on earth doo beare witnes Q 8 What ought we to iudge of this manner of sayeng Christ is present in the supper corporallie reallie substantiallie A For the selfe-same cause before alleadged wee doo not vse these formes of speech neither Hard speeches with some qualifications and interpretations may be tollerated for a time notwithstanding it should seeme that they also might bee tollerated or borne withal so that we adde the interpretation following to witte that these things doo not pertaine to that manner of coniunction wherby the thing is ioyned with the signes but serue rather to expresse and declare the matter it selfe that is to say that so wee may vnderstand that by the action of the supper there is established and confirmed in vs not onlie the vertue and power of Christ but chiefly our
of Christ as they will needes haue it The former of these I grant to wit that by the cuppe should be meant the wine contained in the cup but the latter I denie to wit that that wine should be in substance the very bloud of Christ and this I do deny standing vpon the reasons which I haue before spoken and alleaged But howsoeuer it be whether there be meant therby this wine alone or together with the wine euen the bloud it selfe yet needes must these deadly enimies of tropes and figures acknowledge one figure here to wit a Metonomia of the thing containing for the thing contained yea and that same verie trope of the same figure Synecdoche which wee haue spoken of before wherby it commeth to passe that the wine and the bloud are saide to be the bloud Now then let them tel me how See for the proofe of this Genesis 17.9 without a crope or figure that shall be counted the couenant it selfe by meanes whereof the couenant is established And yet this further I would gladly demaund of them if the bare word or letter being so precisely obserued that reall consubstantiation must of necessity ensue how it can be that this should not followe likewise that the signes beeing not onely distincted but in very deede and truth separated and sundered also the body it selfe shoulde not likewise in deede bee separated and sundered from the bloud Consubstantiation erronious and al that is obiected for iâ— most weake I many times thinking and that earnestly of this one matter to wit why diuers did so greatly vrge this same rule Consubstantiation euen as if it were the principall point of all our religion of a truth nothing could come into my minde but that which was most easie to be confuted As for the that they say An obiection that vnles Christs very body and his very bloud be beleeued to be so present that it may be receiued with the hands and with the mouth or else the bread and the wine shall be but emptie and void signes I say it is of no force In good sooth suppose yee that yee speake the trueth Belike then all the sacraments that the Fathers had The answeare â—â—ken from an absurditie before that Christs flesh was indeede created were voide and of no force Their Sacraments saith Augustine were in signes diuers but in matter equall But in what matter were they equall Euen in Christ the only matter of the sacraments for that same spirituall word that is as the selfe-same writer vpon the 77. August in psa 77 psalme expoundeth it signifieng some spirituall thing was Christ they did eat the same meat that we eat 1. Corint 10.2.3 and did drinke the same drinke to wit Christ that was to be born as we eat and drinke Christ alredy borne who is a spirituall meat and drinke How vntrue therefore is it that the signes are of no force except the thing signified being in deede also present bee coupled and ioyned with the signe 2 A second reson standing vpon comparison of the element of baptisme with the elements of the supper Yea shall we say that the water of Baptisme is an idle signe yet I neuer hard of any man that would say that the bloud of Christ was indeede consubstantiated together wyth the wine But against this they replie saieng the reason or cause of that is because the Lord saide not that that water was his bloud Let vs grant that and yet in the meane while wee haue gained this that the sacrament is not abolished or made of no force though the signe bee in one place and the thing signified thereby bee in an other so that both of them be truly offered and giuen And this much or hitherto haue we spoken of this third point that is to say of the sacramentall coniunction or ioyning of the signe with the thing signified Now the summe of this true and right beleeuing iudgement is this to wit The summe of that which hath bin saide touching the sacramental coniunction of the sigâ— and the thing signified that that is a sacramentall coniunction wherby it commeth to passe that through gods ordinance that which is signified by the signes vsed though nowe it be neuer so farre from vs I meane Christ himselfe as in respect of his flesh is yet notwithstanding through the power of the holie ghost but yet in suche a spirituall sorte and manner as wee shall declare heereafter as truely and verily offered vnto vs and giuen vs to be enioyed of vs as verily as the signes themselues are looked vpon wyth the eies touched with the handes and receiued and perceiued also wyth the mouth But let vs now come at the length The fourth or last part of this discourse to the fourth or last question and points to wit what manner of taking or receiuing there is both of the signs themselues and of the thing signified Concerning the taking or receiuing of the signs there is no controuersie or doubt made of it A syllogisme but that it is naturall and outward because it is manifestly and plainely perfourmed of all them that come vnto it by bodily instruments and meanes The maior But as for the things signified to wit that very flesh of Christ and that very bloud of his they are so receiued and taken euen as they are present and offered The minor But they are present and offered also to our mind and faith because they are nowe as wee haue saide not on earth The conclusion but in heauen and therefore they can not bee taken or receiued otherwise than by our minds and faith Augustine Augustine also speaking well and rightly touching this point after this manner Why preporest thou thy mouth and bellie This foode belongeth not to the bellie but to the minde Beleeue and thou hast eaten Wherevpon also this likewise followeth that all that come to the Lordes table as the same Augustine saith receue the body of the lord Augustine that is to say the sacrament of the Lordes body to wit the bread vsed at may be one euen as thou and I are one And in one worde as you would say to finish the matter if onelie the members of Christ are to be saued then they must needes confesse that wee are thorowe faith truelye grafted into Christ and that euen before wee come to the supper in so muche as no manne can rightlye and orderlye come to the supper which is not nowe already both in baptisme and in the worde That followeth not that the aduersaries fantasie become a member of Christe and therefore is vnited with Christe him selfe And yet it dooeth not heerevppon followe that the institution of the Supper is superfluous by which wee doo not indeede at the first pushe but yet notwithstanding in processe of time doo growe vppe more and more in Christ For him that wee doo alreadye possesse must
we are woont euerie where to beat vpon this point that by the sacraments Christ is not signified vnto vs as when we beholde Cesars image picture we are woont to remember Cesar and nothing beside for in the signes hauing the word adioined vnto them we teach Christ and all his benefits to be so represented to vs and our mindes that he togither with all his graces is giuen to vs to be inioied of vs and in deed to be participated but yet after a spirituall maner and by faith Wherefore this action is not vaine neither are the signes and the very rites thereof naked emptie matters sith that which is signified is both most truelie offered vnto vs by God himselfe and most effectuallie receiued of such as beleeue This kind of signification Bernard well declareth by the similitude of a ring which the bridegrome deliuereth vnto the betrothed bride to the end that so she may not onelie thinke vpon the bridegrome deliuering it but that by this pledge of promise he might after a sort deliuer himselfe ouer vnto hir also And therfore Christ did not onelie say Matth. 26 2◠This is my bodie but also he added Take ye and eat ye Mainteiners of the truth charged to be defacers of the sacraments Ye see brethren what we thinke and hold touching these mysteries also what iniurie is offered vs when men say that we doo euacuat disanull the sacraments and transforme them into certeine vaine spectakles and shewes of Christ that is absent Other mens malice must not hinder vs from speaking truth Let vs notwithstanding as plainlie as possible we can declare what that is which is so in outward signes set before our minde to be looked into that yet notwithstanding it is a faithfull and beleeuing soule trulie exhibited and offered to be partaken by faith And what is that I say Truelie the bodie and bloud of the Lord. But who teacheth vs this or so instructeth vs Euen Gods owne sonne for he saith This that is to say Matth. 26.26.28 This bread is my bodie And this that is to say This wine conteined in this cup is my bloud By the way I will put you in minde of one thing Contention about wordes though it be not alwaies good yet when it may cleere the truth it may well be vsed least anie man might be offended because I say not This is my bloud in the masculine gender but This is my bloud in the neuter gender referring it either to the wine which is the neuter gender in Latine or to the cuppe conteining the wine which in Greeke is the neuter gender also for though I loue not to striue about words yet this point is well woorthie the marking Certeinlie he that saith Hic est sanguis meus in the masculine gender that is This is my bloud dooth point to or shew foorth nothing but his bloud But it is certeine that as before Christ did not propound his bodie vnto his disciples without bread so euen in this other part when Christ said so he would not set his bloud before his disciples without wine Therefore this Greeke Pronoune 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 being of the neuter gender must needs be referred to the signe that is to say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the cup which is therefore expreslie put downe in Paule concerning which or of which the bloud it selfe may be spoken wherevpon this ariseth that the Greeke Pronoune 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 this cannot declare anie other matter or thing than this that is to say this thing or matter which I hold in my hāds to wit the wine that is cōtained in this cup which indeed cānot be expressed by this word Hic a Pronoune of the masculine gender as the meanest Grammarians may well and easilie perceiue Christes verie bodie bloud is the matter o◠thing signified in the Lords supper But to returne to the matter By these thinges you may perceiue what we vnderstand by the name or word of the thing it selfe or by the terme trueth sacramentallie sigifined namelie the bodie bloud of the Lord Iesus Wherefore first of all we dissent from the anabaptists In the matter of the supper we agree not either with the Anabaptists or sacramentaries who in sted of the matter of the sacrament signified doo put downe I knowe not what shadow or figuratiue thing as though it were some warlike cognizance pledge or watch-word by which christians might be discerned from such as be no christians Next we dissent from them likewise Or with such as vnderstand it onelie concerning Christes merits sundered from Christ himselfe who for the matter of the Sacrament established Christes force and power as also his merites but yet seuered from Christ himselfe For Christ said not this is the merit of my bodie Luke 22.19.20 which is deliuered for you but This is my bodie and this is my bloud neither is it without cause definitiuelie before hand added which is deliuered for you and which is shed for you So that it could not more plainelie haue beene said that verie Christ himselfe whose bodie was giuen for vs and whose bloud was shed for vs is truelie and verilie giuen vs in the supper to be the food of eternal life to vs. And therfore the matter of that sacrament is in deed that verie bodie which he offered vp for vs on the crosse and that bloud which he shed for the forgiuenesse of our sinnes so far off are we from deeming or thinking of some figuratiue or typicall bodie or some allegoricall bloud as certeine most fond men who doo not indeed well vnderstand their owne wordes minde and opinion are not ashamed to speake and write of vs that we so holde Now I come to the third point of this discourse for first I haue spoken of the signes and secondlie of the things signified Two sorts of people that in the sacrament of the supper haue erred in and about the right coniunction of the signes and the thing signified Now we are to see in the third place what is the knitting or ioining togither of the signes and the thinges signified wherein for the most part consisteth the whole determination of all this controuersie touching the sacraments The papists haue altered the ioining togither of the signes and the thing signified into a transmutation or change one of them into another than which what can be more absurd For certeinlie if the bread and the wine be in deede changed into the bodie and bloud of Christ as they affirme then we cannot chuse but affirme also that this is not to ioine the signes with the thinges signified but to change the signes into the thinges themselues or else the signes vanishing away or perishing to put the thinges themselues in their roome But let these men go as who in deed deserue not anie confutation their assertions be so absurd and blockish There are others at this present no
very growing vp with christ himself from which we haue affirmed the same to flowe This is the lawe of righteousnes to haue that doone to our selues that we woulde do to others euen as it were from a fountaine because afterwardes wee fetch from him both true life and also all thinges necessarie to saluation Neither would I iudge it to be refused that a like interpretation may againe be ioyned to this our manner of speaking that Christ is spirituallie in the supper least any man shoulde thinke that we separate Christs power from the very flesh of Christ or imagine vnto him a speciall bodie Q 9 What is to bee iudged of this manner of sayeng That Christ is present in the supper and is distributed also by an incomprehensible manner or after a sorte that can not bee vnderstoode A We vse this manner of speech but yet in a far other sense and meaning than some are woonte A corrupt interpretation For vnlesse peraduenture wee be deceiued they seeme to take this saying after this sort as though by a certaine diuine and heauenlie power by reason also of the personall vnion of the flesh with the godhead Christs flesh should be really at one time and together both in heauen and in earth But though we neither deny the omnipotencie of GOD neither the true coniunction of the thing A true interpretation with the signes and of the faithfull with Christ himselfe we do yet notwithstanding by reason of the truth of Christs flesh and his ascension likewise plainly affirme that the body of Christ is nowe verily absent from the world Actes 3.21 shal remaine absent vntill he come to iudge the quick and the dead Neuertheles we confes this mysterie of god to be incompreheÌ„sible beyond our vnderstanding Faith ioyneth things together that be as farre asunder as heauen and earth whereby it falleth out that that which is and remaineth in heauen not els-where that so we may draw life and saluation from him who is trulie offered vnto vs and in deede communicated of vs. For albeit wee knowe first that the Holie-ghost that is to say gods power doth worke this The power of the spirite and of the force of faith and then that as in regarde of our selues all this is to be receiued of vs by the onelye instrument or meane of faith yet the power of the spirit and the force of faith doo exceede all our vnderstanding whereby it commeth to passe also that euen this whole action is verie properly called a mysterie or secret as the Greeks vsed to terme it Q 10 How is the matter or thing of the Sacrament communicated or partaken of vs A The matter of the Sacrament that is to say Christ himselfe is receiued of vs by a spirituall manner thorow faith And wee call that a Spirituall manner of receiuing or communicating Spirituall receiuing what it is not onelie in which Christ his spirite is communicated with vs but also that which is not earthlie or naturall but dependeth of the incomprehensible power of the Holie-ghost by which most straight bond indeede the members are more and more ioyned wyth their head For we exclude and shutte out all powring abroade and mingling of substaunces and also all fitnesse of ioyning together of naturall partes and yet can holde and mainâ—â—ine a true growing vppe of the faithfull with Christ which can not bee hindered by anie distaunce of places for our faith cleaueth vnto the worde of God who indeede performeth that which he promiseth Q 11 In what sense are these speeches To eate the Lords body and to drinke his bloud and other such like to be admitted A We say Eating and drinking referred to Christs bodie and bloud must be figuratiuelie vnderstoode that these manner of speeches do also beloÌ„g to that communicating or partaking whereby wee laye holde of Christ euen in the simple word or in the worde it selfe alone yea wee affirme that they are verye effectuall and significant but so that the wordes of eating and drinking when they are spoken of the taking of the body and bloud of Christ are no lesse figuratiuely to be vnderstoode than if a man should attribute to faith a mouth and teeth Two causes why the holie-ghost vseth borrowed speeches The first Now we alleadge two chiefe causes why the holy-ghost speaketh after that manner one cause is that hee may shew how strait our coniunction with christ is by the meanes of faith for nothing more groweth vp and increaseth with vs than meate and drinke without which no man caâ—â—â—asse ouer his time or spend this life â—he other cause which also properly hath place in the Sacraments is The second that by this way and meanes it may be declared how true the Lorde is in deliuering the matter it selfe which he promiseth by signes as it were by certaine pledges giuen for thereby it commeth to passe that though the onely signes are taken wyth the hand and receiued wyth the mouth yet that also which beside the signes is truely offered and by faith onely spiritually receiued is said to be taken eaten drunken c And for this cause we acknowledge Why we vse not the fathers phrases in the â—upper that the holie Fathers haue vsed manie other forms of speaking not vnlike these which wee notwithstanding will not at this day heedelesly vse but suppose rather that the same are to be mitigated by some profitable and fitte interpretations and the rather bicause of many errors spread abrode by Sathan and many controuersies also by this occasion stirred vp in the church of God Q 12 How are these wordes This is my bodie and this is my bloud to bee expounded A Euen after this maner This The wordes of the institution expounded particularlie and as it were one after an other that is to say this bread this wine is to wit sacramentally for not whatsoeuer is anie thing is by one onely way a thing Nowe the question is heere concerning the Sacraments And wee plainly say sacramentally bicause the Lorde did indeede offer not bare breadâ— and wine only but the true signes of his bodie and bloud neither onely these signes but besides them also his body and bloud to be enioyed possessed of vs euen into euerlasting life which life euerlasting also we drawe from him being communicated vnto vs. Luke 22.19 20. My body and my bloud that is not an imagined bodie or fained bloud but that selfe-same body which was giueÌ„ for vs and that self-same bloud whiche was shead for vs of both which wee are indeede by faith made partakers as the signes doo truely witnes Q 13 What do the wicked or vnbeleeâ—ers receiue The institution of the supper dependeth vpon Gods trueth A We hold and teach that by an agreeing iudgement and holy consent that the institution of the sacrament doth hang vpon the trueth of God therefore that in the
very action of the Lords supper rightlie administred the bread is alwayes a true signe of the Lords body and the wine a true signe of the Lords bloud to whomsoeuer they be offered or giuen A bad conclusion iustlie reuerted and cast vpon the aduersaries themselues Nowe whereas some would thervpon gather and inferre that al do receiue the whole sacrament we can at no hand grant it for this consequence or reason is not of force God doth offer it to all therefore al receiue it But rather on the contrary side we gather and reason thus God dooth in the Sacrament offer two things and that indeede as verilie and trullie the one as the other but both are to be receiued by meanes and instruments altogether diuers and different that is to say the outward signs are to be receiued bodily and the thing it selfe spiritually by faith Therefore because euery man bringeth his mouth The reason why some receiue woorthilie other some vnworthilie al receiue the outward signes some indeede worthilie and othersome vnwoorthilie but because the faithful beleeuers onelie bring the mouth of faith therefore the faith all only receiue the matter it selfe therforâ— also life euerlasting And the vnbeleeuers eate and drink iudgement to them selues because they discerne not that is to saye 1. Corinth 11 2â— despise and reiect the Lords bodie offered them neyther haue they any regard therof Wherefore this their condemnation proceedeth not of the bodie and bloud of the Lorde vnworthily receiued for seeing that they are not receiued but by faith they are neuer receiued vnwoorthily neither can they indeede bee otherwise than liuelie and quickening things but of the body and bloud of the Lord From whence the condemnation of the wicked floweth in that they do vnwoorthily eate at the Lords table therefore contemned and reiected because in this action neither the bread should be duely considred as bread but as a pledge of the lords body nor the wine regarded onely as the wine but as a sure pledge of the Lordes bloud Therfore hence it commeth to pas To receiue without faith iâ— to receiue vnworthilie that whosoeuer hee be that receiueth this bread and wine vnworthily that is to say without faith doth despise not the bread and the wine but the body bloud of the Lord in those pledges is therfore guilty of the body bloud of the Lord A reason why all receiue not Christ in the supper which hee receiued not but which he had in consideration or due regard of for Christ doth not â—â—icken or cause to liue al them to whom he is offered whether this be doone in the word alone or in the sacraments but hee doth indeed quickeÌ„ al them of whom he is receiued bicause he cannot bee receiued of any other but of the faithfull only as for those of whom he is dispised he doth iudge them al Two sayings of the auncient fathers very charitably interpreted so far off is it that hee is of them receiued Notwithstanding for some of the fathers sakes the reuerence we carie them me thinke that this saying the body of Christ is of euery one receiued might be born withall this also that of the faithfull it is receiued worthily to life of the vnfaithfull vnworthily to iudgement but yet for all the we must of necessitie ad such an interpretation as may shew this thing to be true that is so far forth as the name of the thing signified that is of the bodye is transferred or attributed to the signes themselues so farre forth also as by this speech they may be properly or fitly shewed foorth not what euery one receiueth but what the Lorde of his owne goodnes offereth to euery one The conclusion The conclusion consisting first of a wish which hath two parts This is the summe of al those things which are taught in our churches and congregations concerning the matter of the sacrament so far forth as I could euer obserue gather or learne And the thing wee wish and desire is that that men would so prouide for the churches peace and quietnes that al manner of speeches not vsed in Scripture might bee auoided so farre foorth as coulde be And againe that if for doctrines sake or the teaching of others any thing shall be thought good to be changed that then all ambiguitte and doubtfulnes might be remoued and taken away Secondly of a promise which also hath two partes But if any thing in this doctrine deliuered can be shewed or prooued not to be agreable to Gods word we are readie not onely to be taught and instructed but also to thanke as there is good cause such as shall teach vs that so at the length wee may wholie and altogither thinke one thing in the Lorde which GOD is our witnes we doo with al our heart day and night earnestlye desire of his mercifull goodnes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The substance of the Lords supper shortlie and soundlie sette forth for the instruction and comfort of all true christian Readers TO cleare yea to void al the controuersies that froÌ„ time to time haue crept into the church of Christ concerning the matter of the lords supper these three circumstances are meete especially to bee considered 1. Corinth 11.23 1 First who ordained it to wit Iesus Christ our lord and sauior which tendeth to two especiall ends first to prooue his eternall deitie or godhead because it belongeth to God alone and none other to institute and ordaine holie signes and Sacraments in his church whereof also it should seeme there is very great and good reason both in as much as the Church it selfe is 1. Timoth. 3.15 the house of the liuing God and his peculiar inheritance and also because it belongeth to him alone to giue that virtue strength vnto elements of common and vncleane by sin to becom purified and holy thorow grace secondly it seemeth to teach vs to haue a more reuerent regarde to come to the sound knowledge and religious vse thereof not onelie because hee being God and the ordainer therof hath all power in his owne handes to punishe the prophane contemners and abusers of the same but also because hee of whome wee haue that that we haue not onely as in consideration of our name Christian but also as in respect of all other both spirituall and bodily graces hath instituted the same for his own glorie and our good 2 Secondly Matth. 26.26 we are to consider when it was instituted to wit before his death and suffering and that immediatelye after hee hadde with his disciples eaten the passeouer by which we may see the Lorde Iesus had as great eare for vs as for the fathers before his being and manifestation in the flesh prouiding also thereby not only for our forgetfulnesse that we might haue the continuall remembraunce of his death passion before our eies 1. Corint
is effectuallie made ours whilest we apprehend and lay holde of it by a sound and sure faith applieng the same also vnto our owne hearts and euen in like sort is Christ God and man togither withall his merits not onelie offered but laid holde of in the word and sacraments yea and comfortablie felt likewise to the spirituall sustentaion and nourishment of our soules whereof also this is a good reason that of like thinges there is alwaies and so should be continuallie a like consideration The second place obiected is that sentence reported by the three euangelists Matthew Marke and Luke and Saint Paule himselfe also reciting the institution of the supper which our sauior Christ vsed saieng This is my bodie Matth. 26.26 Marke 14.22 Luke 22.19 1. Cor. 11.24 which they vrge in the letter after this sort Hath not Christ said it in plaine termes and shall not I beleeue it though that my carnall vnderstanding can not conceiue the same To all which I answer first that the question is not of the bare woordes or letter for we as well as they confes the same and what man hath there beene that euer doubted thereof yea what heretike euer was there that would not or did not allege the letter of the text for the mainetenance vpholding of his heresie or error but of the true sence and right meaning thereof which whether they or we haue gaine shall I hope appeare anon to the vpright reader Secondlie we confesse also that we are bound to beleeue all such things as are cōprehended in gods word yea though our sensuall reason cannot in deed comprehend the same for be it farre from vs to labor to bring the incomprehēsible truth of the eternall maiestie within the strait bounds and limits of mans vnderstanding no though he were regenerated and had receiued a great measure of the graces of Gods holie spirit and yet in such sort must we beleeue them all that to such ends also as the lord himselfe hath appointed at no hand stretching thē further than the Lord would haue vs for that is to be wise in our owne eies to make our selues more sharpe sighted than God nor yet restreining them to narrower purposes than the Lord hath laied them out for for that were at the least great vnfaithfulnesse both towards the Lord himselfe and men also neither yet failing in the allegation of them either in the matter maner or ende for if wee do so we doo nothing else therby but heape vp iust condemnation against our owne soules but reuerently receiuing them and faithfully alleadging them in that iuste measure weight and proportion that the Lorde himselfe hath left them vnto vs euen as his onlie lawful and currant coine which we can not clip imbase or impaire anie manner of waye without high treason against his eternall maiestie Nowe concerning the wordes and the plainenesse of them I say that other wordes both in the old and new Testament are as plaine as they which yet notwithstanding must be otherwise interpreted than the woords themselues seeme to import or else not onelye absurdities in reason but errors in religion will insue therevpon For example in the booke of Exodus the paschal lambe with the ceremonies belonging thereto is called The Lords passeouer Exod. 12.11 whereas nowe we knowe and no manne can choose but confesse that it was not the Lordes passeouer in deede but signified and sette out the same rather For the Lordes passeouer was his ouer-passing or passing by the Israelites houses marked wyth the bloud of the Lambe to the Egyptians there to destroy the first borne So likewise in the newe Testament Iohn 15.5 Christ sayth of hym selfe I am the vine than the which what can bee more plaine And yet wee acknowledge wyth our mouthes and beleeue in our heartes that Christ was no naturall vine but rather that hee calleth himselfe so in a certaine resemblaunce because looke what propertie the fruit of the vine hath in respect of our bodies to witte to comforte menne and to make them glad heartes the same hath Christ and the fruites of his grace receiued by Fayth in respect of our soules namelie to replenishe our heartes wyth all Spirituall ioye and gladnesse both of this life and of the life to come And as the braunches of the vine haue nothing of themselues but all that they haue they haue it from the vine it selfe so none whosoeuer they be can bring foorth fruit but by abiding in him and beeing made fruitefull thorow hys grace And euen in like manner is the bread of the Lordes Supper called hys bodie because as wee haue saide before looke what proper and peculiar office the bread hath or yeeldeth to our naturall bodies namely to nourish and strengthen the same the like dooth Iesus Christes bodie broken taken hold of by Faith Spirituallie communicate vnto our soules namelie it feedeth and strengtheneth them to the assured hope and feeling of eternall life And this maner of speech attributing that to the signe which is proper and peculiar to the thing signified is very vsuall in the Scripture as a man meanely conuersant in the same may plainelie perceiue the cause whereof is the straight analogy proportion agreement which is between the signe the thing signified and not anie other respect of consubstantiation transubstantiation or any such like fantasticall dotage Besides all these thinges the very circumstaunces of time place person and manner of dooing doo sufficientlie sette out the vanitie and vntrueth of this grosse interpretation For this Sacrament beeing instituted by Christ him selfe a little before his death in the presence o◠the Apostles who had all their senses satisfied in the beholding hearing and feeling of the naturall bodie of our Sauiour Christ in the visible elements of bread and wine he himselfe sitting at the tabl◠with them and not onely in their hearing speaking these woordes but also in their sight and presence actuallie breaking the bread it coulde not be that that bread offered vnto them as the pledge of his bodie shoulde be his naturall bodie or bodie of flesh vnlesse you will saye that Christ had two bodies one sitting at the Table instituting the action of the Supper and administring the same in his own person and an other borne in his handes and deliuered vnto the Apostles than the which what can be not onely more absurde and blasphemous in respect of our Sauiour Christ himselfe he being by this means made a monster and not become man but also more vnprofitable or vncertain to vs as which might iustly prouoke vs to dout whether of his bodies were crucified for our transgressions And thus as wee doo for good causes before specified as you see reiect this grose sense so for the instruction of the ignoraunt and strengthening of the weake we wil in a fewe lines putte downe the true meaning of these wordes For the better performaunce whereof I woulde haue this to
such odde deuises and that his â—ustice shall be answered with the works â—f our owne inuention causing vs also â—o thinke that sinne is no heinous thing â—hat can be expiated and doone away by â—he offering vp a poore thinne cake as â—hough that spirituall and innumerable offenses might be taken away with bodiâ—ie exercises and that not of a holie and innocent man but manie times of one of the woorst amongst the people but vtterlie also euacuat by that means and make of no force the eternall preesthood and sacrifice of our sauiour Christ which consisteth speciallie in this that he hath once for all vpon the altar of the crosse offered vp himselfe vnto God the father a full and sufficient sacrifice for the sinnes of the people as the apostle plainelie prooueth in manie places of his Epistle to the Hebrues But no maruell that they should annihilat and deface Christes offices which destroy his natures and by consequent his whole person also as these men doo by confounding the proprieties of either nature as hath beene before declared yea and ouerthrow all their own religion for if the sacrifice of the massâ— as they call it will doo away all sinne what neede wee regard praier to deadâ— saints auricular confession the popes supremacie and a thousand more such abhominations seeing that by setting a soulâ— preest on worke they may haue full forgiuenes and why should we esteeme pardons indulgences and such like trash and trumperie nay rather why should they not liue as they lust not onlie as epicures but as brute beasts seeing he may be assured for mony that that which another performeth for him shall be auailable both to bodie and soule and that to eternall saluation but fie vpon all such beastlie blasphemous dotages 2 Secondlie there is but a little lesse leauen in that matter that they hold of vncomitancie by which they haue not onelie spoiled the people of the vse of the cuppe which both by Christes owne institution by his expresse commandement saieng Drinke ye all of this doth in all truth and vprightnes belong vnto them and by consequent also robbed them of the frutes effects of his bloud as the forgiuenesse of their sinnes and their full reconcilement to almightie God but also accused our â—auior Christ of follie and rashnesse instiâ—uting more signes in the sacrament of his supper than he needed And all this they â—aue done vnder this shadow that because â—o bodie is without bloud and they haue â—efore presupposing that the bread is turâ—ed into the bodie as in deed if men will â—resuppose either vnpossible or vntrue â—hings euerie thing will follow of it eaâ—en the bodie therefore must it needs folâ—ow that they haue drunke also his bloud Tell vs I pray you why might not we as â—ell say respecting alwaies the sacrameÌ„t â—hat when men haue drunke of the cuppe â—hey haue eaten his flesh for if the parâ—aking of the one include the other or if â—hole Christ as they say be in euery part â—f the visible elements then why doo not â—en receiuing the wine as well receiue â—e bodie as the bloud or why may not we â—y that eating is drinking or drinking is â—ting or why doo not they themselues â—minister it in the element of wine oueâ—e as well as in the bread alone or why â—ay not we euen beating them with their owne assertions of an vnbloudie sacrifice and of the reall presence of Christes naturall bodie in the same say and affirme that the bodie may be there without the bloud or the bloud without the bodie for if the sacrifice conteine the naturall and fleshiâ— bodie of our sauior and yet of it selfe it is vnbloudie we see no reason why we may not saflie conclude that the bodie is therâ— without bloud But I know not whetheâ— heerin I should blame theÌ„ for their beastlinesse or reprooue them for their pride that dare thus presumptuouslie alter thâ— Lords very ordinance and institution 3 Thirdlie their adoration is as corrupâ— and filthie whilest they cause men tâ—â— commit grosse and palpable idolatrie iâ— falling downe before a peece of bread what doo I say I know not whether I may call it by that name or no for it maâ— be disputed of whether their masse caâ—â— be bread and worshipping a wafer cake the worke of mens hands And if it werâ— a foule fault in the Gentils to turne thâ— glorie of the incorruptible God intâ— the similitude of the image of a coâ—ruptible man Rom. 1.23 and of birds and four footed beasts and of creeping thinge all which notwithstanding had life in theÌ„ and were in deed the creatures of GOD what must it be in the papists who transforme his wonderfull maiesty into a mustie or whory cake which though it be kept but a small while is yet notwithstanding subiect to putrifaction and wormes But suppose it were Christes body as they say it is yet I affirme that they may not adore Christes bodie alone yea and that they cannot worship the same of it selfe without horrible idolatrie wherof also the reason is plaine and euident namelie because it is a creature to which it is not lawfull to giue that honor that is due vnto the creator alone because he being ielous ouer his owne glory will not haue it giuen to anie other For though it be true that Christ as he is god is to be worshipped as his father yea Christ God man in one person is to be adored yet we cannot without great sin and greeuous offense against God his word worship the humanity or manhood of our sauior Christ onlie And if they will say as I my selfe haue heard some of theÌ„ ignorantly affirme that if Christ God man may be worshipped therefore christ also as he is maÌ„ may be worshipped I answer that besides it is a fallacie or deceit in reasoning called in schooles Fallacia diuisionis it is a flat contrarie to the truth of christian religion which teacheth vs that many things may be spoken of the person of our sauior Christ which can not rightlie or truelie be said of either nature and the reason is because as the vnitie of the person must be maineteined vpheld so must godlie men haue an especiall regard that they confound not the seuerall proprieties of either nature To make this plaine by a point or two A man may saflie say that Christ God and man in one person was crucified on the crosse died for our sinnes whereof also this is the verie true and sufficient reason because in his whole person he performed the worke of our redemption and not in either of the natures alone or by it selfe but nowe if heerevpon a man should say and conclude therfore Christ God was crucified for our sinnes besides that he should vtter an errour or heresie in christian religion hee should speake blasphemie against God whose nature as we haue said heertofore is altogither impossible Likewise a man may
saflie say and affirme that the virgin Marie was the mother of our Sauiour Christ as hee is God and man in one person the reason is because that euen from the verie moment of his blessed conception in the wombe of the virgine the Godhead and the manhood Romans 9.5 were inseperablie ioyned and knit togeather in that one person Iesus Christ who is God ouer all to be blessed for euer and euer But if herevpon a man would inferre therefore she is or may bee called the mother of God besides that hee shoulde speake against the groundes and principles of sounde faith which teacheth vs that as christ in respect of his manhood was without father so in respect of his godhead he was without mother he shold speak very proudly of flesh bloud and very basely of God as though that the creature were in time before the creator or God could not bee without the helpe of pore and weake women 4 To deale with the reseruation circumgestation or carieng it about and with many other odde toies of their own inuention and largely lay out the inconueniences therof would require some proper and fit discourse for that purpose but I wil reserue it til another time making hast now to handle that which shal be as the last so in my iudgement not the least profitable part of this treatie and that is how a man should drawe neere vnto such reuerent misteries to gods glory and his owne good and howe hee may best come to reape and receiue fruite and comforte by the same speciallie sith it pleaseth God to offer to him such excellent graces therby wherein I mind not to deal largely because as you see thorowe all this discourse I professe breuitie and shortnes and to deale fully perfectlie I can not both by reason of the excellencie of the thinges to bee handled and also by meane of the maime that wee find in our knowledg in this life in which we know in part 1. Corinth 13.9 and prophecie in part as the Apostle sayth And yet not to saye somewhat sith the Lord hath made me to feele somewhat were not onelie to deface the graces that God in the riches of his mercie hath bestowed vpon me poore and miserable wretch that I am but to defraude my good brethren and the people of God of some eyther profitable instruction or sweete comfort that the Lord hath beene pleased to acquaint mee withall wherein setting Gods glorie chieflie before mine eies and the good of his children I will trusting in the multitude of his mercies assaye to vtter that little that I my selfe in some measure feele in this matter The thinges that euerie man is principallie to deale in concerning this poynt may in my minde bee well reduced into three short heads or titles Frst because no manne is to doo a thyng without deepe consideration before hande of the matter hee taketh in hande wee are to see what hee is to perfourme before the communicatyng or receauing of this Sacrament and this I will call in one terme preparation Secondlie because in the action and execution of euery good and lawfull thing a man is to haue his mind wholy bent and set vpon the same we are to weigh what he is to do or thinke vpon in the time and at the verie instant of receiuing and this I will name meditation Thirdly because there is no good thing so wel done but the pleasure or profit in time afterward may therby redound to the doer yea because ther is nothing so wel done by men but that by reason of the imperfection of mans nature som thing must stil be added we are to looke what he is to do after the time of receiuing and this I will call action or practise Preparation which is the first respecteth either God or man Now that which concerneth God is comprehended vnder sound knowledge true faith vnfeigned repentance as that which concerneth man is comprised vnder sincere loue And I call them sound true vnfeigned and sincere yet not perfect because perfection properlie signifieng that vnto which nothing can be added can not be found in man during this natural life of his And this I speake partlie to stoppe the mouthes of such as dream of a perfection in this life to grosse an error to bee largelye confuted because Gods word is most plaine in that behalfe the manifold imperfections of those that would seeme most perfect do plentifullie improue the same and partly as in a comfortable sort to teach vs that our imperfections should not hinder vs from drawing nigh thereto so that we do not foster and feed our selues in them seeing that otherwise the sacrament should stand vs in no steed if we were not vnperfect because it is a holie helpe and singular succour ordeined by God him selfe against our naturall infirmitie and weakenes 1 By knowledge I vnderstand not anie humaine sciences or worldly faculties or a meane insight into the groundes of christian religion but an assured vnderstanding as of the most materiall pointes of our faith for example of the vnitie of the godhead of the Trinitie in the persons of the names nature person and offices of our sauiour c. so specially of this point of the Lordes supper it selfe for bee it farre from vs to knowe others and to bee ignorant in that whereof wee are to bee partakers we keeping our selues farre off and free from all erronious opinions either of Transubstantiation consubstantiation or any such like either besides or against the will of God reuealed in his word which as it must onely be the direction of all our actions so must it alwaies bee the rule of our religion alone And this sound knowledge of the groundes and principles of christian religion and that in such sort as god hath reuealed thē vnto vs in his word must of necesity go before al other things both because it is as a man would say the foundation to the house the roote to the tree and also because if wee know not the good will and pleasure of our GOD we can neuer either beleeue or doo the same for euen as in worldlie matters if men bee set about the thinges they haue no skill in they knowe not where to begin or howe to proceede or when to make an ende so in spirituall thinges they are much more blinde and backwarde for in outwarde thinges of this life men may somewhat bee holpen by the light of reason and the liuelines of their owne witte but in the matters of God the more they rely or leane vpon that the further off they are from atteining the trueth because the Apostle telleth vs that the naturall man perceiueth not the things of the spirit of God 1. Corinth 2.14 for they are foolishnes vnto him neither can he know them because they are spiritually discerned Roman 8.7 And in another place the wisdome of the flesh is enmitie against God for it is not
impossibilitie of the thing it selfe the Lorde hath in the fourth place for the ouercomming of that temptation sette before vs sundrie of his seruaunts who beeing men like vnto vs in all respects Actes 7 6â— haue yet notwythstanding in the dayes of their flesh doone the same as we see particularlie in Stephan Fiftlie the verye Sacrament it selfe and the elements in the same leade vs thereto 1. Corinth 10.17 For wee that are manie are one bread and one bodie because wee are all partakers of one bread at the Lordes boorde euen as that bread wee eate of there is made of manie graines and yet maketh but one loafe Lastlie our owne good shoulde carrie vs forward to this because thereby wee prouide well for our selues that so wee might feele the forgiuenesse of our sinnes before GOD our Sauiour telling vs in plaine wordes Matth. 6.14 That if wee doo forgiue men their trespasses our heauenlie Father wil also forgiue vs. And though it bee true that wee can and doo greatlie aggrauate other mens sinnes against vs as for example hee hath taken away my good name he hath spoiled me of my goodes hee hath killed my father husband children and a thousand suche like and what hainous offences be these Yet if GOD woulde geue vs grace vprightlie to looke into our owne sinnes committed eyther agaynst other men or Gods owne maiestie wee shall finde that wee haue good cause offered to be ready to remitte For if men offend vs wee doo in as great points offend others And though that were not true yet wee cannot denie but that wee doo more highlie displease Almightie GOD than men can or doo displease vs and that not onelie in the notoriousnesse of our sinnes but euen in a dailie and continuall course of iniquitie and in an infinite multitude of transgressions also What a fearefull thing will this bee in our owne heartes that wee woulde gladlie haue God mercifull vnto vs in forgiuing most greeuous and innumerable transgressions and wee will not remitte small offences and sinnes seldome tymes committed By this wee doo nothing else but cast awaie the sure seale and earnest pennie as it were that our sinnes are forgiuen vs before GOD and refuse a certaine pledge that our praiers and all other good things that come from vs are in Christes obedience accepted in his sight yea and moste iniuriouslie treade vnder our filthie feete Gods worde Gods example Gods sacraments and many other tokens of his grace and lastlie pull vpon vs a fearful vengeance from God to be manifested in this life and in the life to come And therefore I beseeche all the godlie that haue care of their saluation to looke heedilie to this point Meditation which is the second thing and is to be vsed speciallie in the tyme of the celebration of the Lordes Supper consisteth chieflie in these points to wit in regarding the outwarde elementes of the Lordes Supper that is to saye the breade and the wine and in considering the rites vsed in and aboute the same as the breaking of the Breade and the pouring foorth of the Wine and so forth For though the outward things are not the matters that wee shoulde stand vppon yet because by them it pleaseth the Lorde as it were by the hand to leade vs vnto right excellent thinges namelie by them to sette foorth vnto our Soules the crucifieng of Christes bodie the sheading of his bloude and so foorth and all for our transgressions that therefore they shoulde not bee sleightlie passed ouer wythout verye deepe and due consideration of the same And then because wee must not stay below on the earth nor be busied in beholding of earthlie things onelie but must by faith rise vp to heauen as it were there to behold the abundant riches of Gods spirituall graces offered and giuen to the faithfull in with by the outward elements we are throghlie to wey what great mercies the Lord setteth before vs in that holie and spirituall banket which though partlie for the woorthinesse of the giuer and partlie also for the excellencie of themselues as also by the want and weakenesse of our blinde and dull vnderstanding they cannot be sufficiently conceiued much lesse vttered may yet in my mind be brought into these foure points following as most materiall and principall 1 God setteth before our eies in that holie action first Christes death and passion togither with the benefits effects which we reape thereby and namelie the remission and full forgiuenesse of all our sinnes togither with the imputation of Christes righteousnesse vnto vs and the assured possession of eternall life for we doo no more verilie behold the bread broken and the wine poured foorth in our bodily sight and presence than wee do or ought by the eie of our faith to beholde the bodie of Christ crucified and his bloud shead vppon the crosse for the forgiuenesse of our sinnes neither are wee more fullie or particularlie put in possession of the bread and wine when wee haue eaten and druncke the same than wee are of Christ and all his merits then when by a liuelie and stedfast faith we lay hold of him and the most excellent graces that in him are offered vnto vs applieng them all particularly to our own souls which yet that they might be more effectually pledged vppe in vs it pleased the Lord to appoint not onlie that the bread should be broken and the wine poured foorth but that euery one of vs should seuerallie by him selfe and for him selfe take it eate it and drincke it c that so wee might bee in the more full and assured possession of hym and his graces 2 Secondlie the Lorde pledgeth out vnto vs therby that ful and spirituall nourishement that through Christ we haue both in the outward and inward man euen to the hope and fruition of eternall life for euen as verilie as that bread and wine dooth seeme to strengthen our out-ward manne so euen as verilie yea more verilye by much dooth Christe and is graces nourishe our soules yea I saye more verilie because that though some part of the bread and wine wee receiue bee turned into our healthfull and profitable nourishment and is become as it were part of our substaunce yet some of it also passeth thorowe the panch into the priuie but Christe remaineth alwaies a most holie and sound nutriment vnto our soules no parte of him vanishing awaye but hauing rather this effecte in vs that hee is not onely turned into our substance as the bodilie elements are in respect of our outward man but rather wholie turning vs as a man would say into his most holie and blessed substance he being not onelye a plentifull but a pleasaunt nourishment also bringing alwaies with him that effect to our soules that the outwarde elements doo to our bodies namelie giuing them all spirituall strength and inwarde comfort Iohn 15.5 because without him we haue nothing nor can doo anie thing 3
it it was not bread onlie but his bodie also Wherefore they must of necessity confes that these words This is my bodie these againe This bread is my bodie meane and signifie all one thing which not onlie all the ancient fathers do affirme in innumerable places Luther Brentius but Luther in manie places and Brentius also both in his booke called Syntagma and in his catechisme likewise Seluerieus Eberus yea Seluericus Eberus doo as it were in so many words testifie also this truth If yet notwithstanding they will haue euen the bodie vnited to the bread to be shewed out thereby I answer they must of necessitie then admit the trope or figure Synecdoche and that therefore the institution of Christ or the words of the institution can not be vnderstood without a trope or figure He proueth the aduersaries to fall into that which they dislike in others And what man that is in his right wits shall they persuade that the word bodie can at one the selfe same time be spoken of the bread of the bodie without an other Synedoche also And this you see what they haue gained who thinke it and publish it in others to be a horrible heresie by a trope or figure to vnderstand the words of the supper wheras they themselues are inforced and found out to make a double trope or figure Now let vs come to the word Est The word Est is expounded that is to say Is. Seeing that whatsoeuer is is not after one sort for to be hath place in all the predicaments when these men from hense gather thus or doo after this sort expound these words This bread is Christs bodie therfore it is essentiallie Christes bodie doo they not I beseech you speake as if they should say This is a liuing creature therfore it is a man And againe doo they reason lesse fondlie when they gather thus This bread is Christs bodie therfore this bread is Christs bodie not absent but present Now whereas they say that the word bodie because it is a substance cannot be otherwise spoken or vttered than substantiallie I say they should haue left this to the papists who are therefore inforced to bring in their transubstantiation of the bread because they say that things sundered or separated one of them from another could not be spoken one of another that therfore also this propositioÌ„ was false the bread is the bodie except they granted either that the bread it selfe became nothing or by changing were tourned into a substance of another sort to wit Vbiquitaries in vrging the baâ—e letter as absurd as Papists at the least the substance of his body Therfore these men alone do keep or vrge that most fondlie the bare worde or letter But these men of whom I now speake though in outward shewe and speech they refuse all tropes and figures in the exposition of these words of the institution doo yet notwithstanding ouer and besides the two tropes aboue mentioned that is to say The aduersaries by power of trueth constrained to fall into three tropes in the exposition of a fewe words though otherwise the name be odious to them the figure Synecdoche diuersly vsed in deede bring in an other and that same very strange and woonderfull when they will haue this speech this bread is my bodie to signifie and meane as much as if Christ shoulde haue saide my bodie is verily present wyth or in or vnder this bread Concerning which this is my minde that whosoeuer hee is that vseth this last forme or manner of speaking dooth not shew what the bodie it selfe is but rather declareth where the body is and therefore vseth the worde is not in the predicament of substance but in the predicament of Site as they call it Nowe I come to speake of that worde Body The word Body handled The thing that about this matter is laide vnto our charge The aduersaries charge is this that instead of the true bodie of Christ deliuered to death for vs wee substitute and place I can not tell what typicall or figuratiue or as it pleaseth them to call it fantasticall bodie when wee affirme that the bodie is spoken of the bread not that the bread is the very bodie it selfe but because it is as a signe and pledge of that true body of his which was giuen for vs. The answere thereto But is this to ascribe vnto Christ a fained body as these men slaunder vs Or is it not rather rightly to declare and shew in what sense that true and onelie bodie may bee saide or spoken of the bread to wit not as it is bread but in as much as it is a sacrament of that his bodie Therfore all these interpretations following which that stincking slanderer Illyricus tosseth too and fro Illyricus and his slaunders as if they were contrary one of them to an other that is to saye This bread sacramentally signifieth or sacramentallye is Christes bodie or againe This bread is the sacrament of Christes bodie doo in deede and trueth and altogether expresse but one and the selfe-same iudgement and matter Now that the worde bodie is in many places vsed by all the old right beleeuing writers for the verie signe of the bodie All the auntient Fathers vse the worde bodie for the signe of the bodie our aduersaries must of necessitie whether they will or no confesse sith that they feare not to affirme that Christes bodye is made broken consumed and why shoulde it not bee so likewise when it is saide to enter into the mouth To be short what strife and stubbornenesse is this of theirs They dare not denie the bread to be the sacrament of Christes body and why then will they not allowe of this interpretation Heere is the reason forsooth because they woulde haue it called the Sacrament of the bodie present Then the controuersie shal not be The state of the controuersie or question is not about the interpretation of the wordes of institution but about the presence of Christs bodie yet touching the interpretation and meaning of these wordes of the institution in which there is no mention at all neither of presence nor absence but herein onelie shall they consist whether that bodie of which that bread is saide to be the Sacrament be absent or present which controuersie I can not so much as suppose howe these men should determine out of these wordes This is my bodie The second part of the Lords supper to wit the institution of the cup and what is meant thereby Hitherto wee haue spoken of the first part of the Lords supper to wit the bread but now let vs come to the other part to wit the cuppe But tell vs I pray you what wee must vnderstande by the woord cup Verily by their confession euen that which is contained in the cuppe that is to say the wine and yet ouer and besides that the bloud