frequently say as much concerning the sanctifying of the Water in Baptism by the holy Spirit and yet it remains Water still though it serve to the mystical washing away of sin So do the bread and wine remain bread and wine after the sanctifying of them and their becoming the body and blood of Christ to us They are both bread and wine in their substance and the body and blood of Christ the Spiritual use to which they are appointed To that use when once they are consecrated we have no regard at all to the substance of bread and wine but only to the body and blood of Christ which by doing this are communicated to our souls in the remission of sin the sanctification of the Spirit and eternal life To conclude what Gregory Nyssen saith concerning Baptism * Tom. 2. in Bapt. Christi p. 802. Do not contemn the divine washing nor undervalue it as a common thing because of the Vse of the Water for that which it works is great and there are wonderful effects of it we may say concerning the Supper of the Lord Bread and Wine are but small things but in this holy use of them they are great and produce admirable effects Nay he himself immediately mentions this very thing among others for an example of the great benefit that may be received from common matters when they are applied to a divine use This Altar saith he at which we stand is in its Nature but ordinary stone nothing different from those you tread upon but being dedicated to God â—ervice it is an holy Table c. And this bread also is in the beginning but common bread but when the mystery hath offered it then it is called and it is the body of Christ So the mystical oyl and so the Wine which are little worth before the blessing after the sanctification of the Spirit have another kind of operation And thus a Priest who the other day was a vulgar person being separated by blessing becomes a guide a Governour a teacher of piety c. And these things he doth without any change at all in his body or form By these examples any man may see that he thought the bread and wine in the Sacrament become the body and blood of Christ with no more change in their substance than there is in the water with which we baptize or in the Priest who ministers there or at the Eucharist But that they are called the body and blood of Christ in regard of the Use to which they are sanctified and are his body and blood in regard of the wonderful effects which are communicated to the faithful in the use of them viz. remission of sin and all other benefits of his passion Now what greater favour can we desire at Gods hands than to be admitted to such fellowship with him and with his son Jesus Christ what is there of equal power with this to possess our hearts with the love of God was there ever any so treated by him as we are did the friends of God in ancient time receive such pledges of his grace and favour were they ever made thus one with him and joyned to him by pertaking of his Sons body and blood who would not give up himself soul and body eternally to him that thinks of these things who can think he makes a dear purchase if he give his life in exchange for such invaluable blessings we should go to the Table of the Lord and say How excellent is thy loving kindness O God! How pretious are thy thoughts towards us how great is the sum of them who would not fear thee who would not love thee and glorifie thy name For thou hast given us exceeding great and pretious promises 2 Pet. 1.4 that by them we might be pertakers of a divine Nature Thou hast sealed them with the blood of thy Son and hast made a new Covenant with us in that blood Heb. 10.16 17. to put thy laws in our hearts and write them in our minds and our sins and iniquities to remember no more Thou hast made him an high Priest for ever to make intercession for us and given him power and glory at thy right hand 1 Thess 5.24 that he may be able to perform all his promises Faithful is he that calleth us who also will do it For ever O Lord thy word is setled in Heaven Psal 119.89 90. Thy faithfulness is unto all generations But thou hast given likewise farther assurances of thy merâ—y and thy Truth by entertaining us at thy Table and making us pertake of that body and blood which was offered for our sins Enough Enough O most merciful Father We see the love thou bearest to us We cannot desire greater tokens and testimonies of it than these thou hast given us 2 Cor. 1.20 All thy promises in Christ we believe are Amen certain faithful and true We know and are sure 1 John 2.1 2. that we have an Advocate with the Father Jesus Christ the righteous and he is a propitiation for our sins I will never doubt any more of thy good will towards us for I taste and feel that the Lord is gracious Psal 111.4 5 9. The Lord is gracious and full of compassion he will ever be mindful of his Covenant He hath sent redemption unto his people he hath commanded his covenant for ever Holy and reverend is his Name Psal 103.17 18. The mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him To such as keep his Covenant and to those that remember his Commandments to do them I wait therefore for thee O Lord Ps 130.5 my soul doth wait and in thy word do I hope Mine eyes shall be ever towards the Lord Jude 2. that Mercy and peace and love may be multiplied unto me that I may walk in the light as thou Lord art in the light for so shall we still have fellowship one with another 1 Joh. 1.7 and the blood of Jesus Christ thy son shall cleanse me from all sin Amen The natural consequence of what hath been said concerning the love of God towards us in sending his only begotten Son that we might live through him and he might be the propitiation for our sins is drawn to our hand by S. John 1 Epist 4.11 Beloved if God so loved us we ought also to love one another This is so certain a fruit of an hearty sense of Gods merciful kindness to us that no man ought to think he loves him or hath any fellowship with him or with his son Jesus who doth not feel in himself an unfeigned affection and readiness to do good to all his Christian Brethren By this we know that we dwell in him and he in us which we pray for at the Lords Table because he hath given us of his spirit v. 13. That is indued us with his own kind and gracious Nature and disposition Of which that
we may not fail to be pertakers he hath ordained this Sacrament to be a bond of Vnion between all Christians who believe in one common Saviour and all pertake of his Sacrifice There is no doubt but this is one of the ends for which he invites us to this Feast that we may profess charity to all our Brethren and joyn our selves in a league of Friendship with them as well as with himself This was the intention of publick feasts in all Cities of the world Athenaeus mentions such among the Athenians Lacedaemonians and Cretians * L. 5. Deipnosoph cap. 1.2 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Whose Law-givers had appointed common entertainments at which the Citizens met in one place that they might be more firmly linked together and not espouse any private interest Many other besides these he there remembers at which they thought it of great import that all should appear and present themselves For he immediately adds the saying of an ancient Poet who admonished them that Friends and companions should not long abstain from these Feasts because this was a most lovely Commemoration ‡ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the very word used by our Saviour at the institution of this Feast of his They commemorated I suppose the common benefits that had been bestowed on them the famous Acts of their ancestors and the marvellous victorieâ— and deliverances which they had obtained whereby they were ingaged to love and unity without which they could never hope to remain so happy Such meetings besides those ordained by the Law there were among the Jewes that lived in the same neighbourhood who maintained society and friendship by eating of the same food in the evening of the Sabbath Which was as much as to say as Maimonides his words are * Mentioned by Dr. Lightfoot in 1 Cor. 10 we are mingled together or associated there is one food for us all no man intrenches on his neighbours property But as there is one equal right to us all in this common place so there is a several right to every one in the place which is peculiar and proper to himself Thus our Companies and Fraternities have their Common Halls and Feasts also which were appointed for nothing else but that they might the better maintain love and kindness among the Brethren of the society In like manner this Divine Feast of our Saviours institution was attended with that of charity in which the poor were entertained as Christian Brethren together with the rich for the continuing and promoting of friendship Unity and peace among them all Nay this Feast it self was designed without all question for this purpose as well as others that all those who met at the same Communion might be joyned together in the strictest bond of holy friendship by pertaking all of one bread and drinking of one Cup. So S. Paul teaches us 1 Cor. 10.17 For we being many are one bread and one body for we are all pertakers of that one bread As the bread was broken to commemorate the sufferings of Christ whose body was broken for our sins so it was broken also to be distributed among all the Communicants in token that they were but one body members of the same Christ and members one of another As it was a Feast their eating at the same Table declared their friendship and charity but their eating there of one and the same loaf which represented the body of Christ more effectually declared it and ingaged the holy Brotherhood to greater Unity and intireness of affection It is well observed by S. Chrysostom * Hâ—mil 18. in 2. Cor. p. 647. that it was not lawful for the people among the Jews to pertake of that part of the Sacrifice which was given to the Priests But they had their portion to themselves and the Sacrificer with his Friends another portion different from the Priests But now it is not so saith he one and the same body and one and the same cup is given to all To teach us that we are one body differing no more one from another than member doth from member in the same body And therefore we are not to throw all upon the Priests but every one is to take care of another and contrive as much as he is able the good of the whole Church I will only add the words of S. Cyprian * Epist ad Magnum p. 151. Edit Regal who saith the Lords Sacrifices declare the Christian Vnanimity knit together in a firm and inseparable charity For when our Lord called the bread which is kneaded together and made up by the union of many corns his body he denoted Christian people And when he calls the wine which is pressed out of many grapes and gathered together in one his blood he signifies also our flock coupled by the mingling together of an united multitude From whence it is manifest to all that will not shut their eyes that he took the bread to be Christs body not only as it represents Christ but all the faithful together with him Which appears more fully from the long discourse he makes in another place ‖ Epist ad Coecilium 63. p. 103. concerning the mixing of water together with wine in the Cup of the Lord as the custome then was Waters saith he in the holy Scripture signifie many people and Nations which we behold also contained in the Sacrament of the Cup. For since Christ bare us all who likewise bare our sins we see the people to be understood by water as the wine shews us the blood of Christ Now when the water in the Cup is mingled with the wine the people is made one with Christ and the multitude of believers is coupled and joyned together with him in whom they believe Which conjunction of water and wine is so mingled in the Cup of the Lord that they cannot be separated one from the other c. So that in Sacrificing the Cup of the Lord the water alone cannot be offered * He is disputing against those who used only water in this Sacrament no more than the wine alone For if one offer wine alone it begins to be the blood of Christ without the people if water alone it begins to be the people without Christ But when both are mingled and joyned together by such an union that they cannot be known one from the other then the spiritual and heavenly Sacrament is perfected It is just so likewise in the other part the body of the Lord cannot be meal alone or water alone but both must be made one and coupled together and make up one solid loaf By which Sacrament also our people is shewn to be made one That as many corns being gathered together in one and kneaded and mixed together make one loaf so in Christ who is the bread from Heaven we may know there is one body to which our number is joyned and united From which words we may
places Gal. 6.6 Phil. 4.15 of which we pertake by eating this bread and drinking this Cup in remembrance of his death for the remission of sin And so we beseech our merciful Father in the Prayer of Consecration which our Church prescribes that we receiving these his Creatures of bread and wine according to his Son our Saviours holy institution in remembrance of his death and Passion may be pertakers of his most blessed body and blood For after the bread and wine are deputed by holy prayer to God to be used for a Commemoration of Christs death though they do not cease to be what they were before yet they begin to be something which they were not before this Consecration That is they become now to us visible signs of an inward and spiritual grace and do not merely figure to us the breaking of Christs body and the shedding of his blood but are a pledg of that inward and spiritual grace which they represent What that grace is we are taught in our Catechism when it tells us that it is the body and blood of Christ which are verily and indeed received of the faithful in the Lords Supper That is they have a real part and portion given them in the death and sufferings of the Lord Jesus whose body was broken and blood shed for remission of sins They truly and indeed pertake of the vertue of his bloody Sacrifice whereby he hath obtained an eternal redemption for us This is the meaning sure of pertaking of his body and blood which are here communicated Because this bread and wine do not become his body and blood by ceasing to be bread and wine but by tendring them to us as a spiritual grace Their efficacy therefore and vertue by the divine favour is made ours All the effects and benefits of his passion are imparted to us In short there is nothing which the body and blood of Christ can be to the spirits of men but by these tokens he exhibits it to us and gives us an interest in it This is spiritually to eat his flesh and drink his blood as both our Church and the ancient speak Our souls intertain and feast themselves upon his Sacrifice being really made pertakers of whatsoever his body and blood can do for them Which S. Gregory Nazianzen meant I should think when he saith that these oblations are the Communication of the Incarnation of God and of the sufferings of God * in his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tom. 2. Jamb 15. How doth he communicate to us his Incarnation but by giving us the fruits and benefits of it and so he communicates to us his broken body and his blood that was shed We pertake of both in the same manner We are admitted to participate of the secret of the sufferings of Christ as he speaks in another place ‡ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Orat. 40. and by means of this Sacrament are vested in the merit of them And thus indeed the bread and wine are changed not by abolishing their substance but by turning them to this divine use to which they are deputed by prayer according to Christs institution to tender to us the spiritual grace of the body and blood of our Saviour The principal part of which grace is remission of sin For sin being done away death the fruit of sin is abolished he graciously restores us to the priviledg of immortality which we had lost and in order to it assures us he will not fail to communicate the grace of his holy spirit to assist and further us in our way to everlasting bliss We may be satisfied that he will send a living vertue into our spirits to quicken excite and strengthen us to do according to our Vows and ingagements that so we may continue in his love as he continued in his Fathers love by keeping his Commandments For this is the nature and office of all Sacramental pledges to assure us of the good will of God and of his truth in fulfilling his gracious promises He ingages to be faithful to us by giving them as we ingage our selves to be faithful to him by receiving them God bids us believe that we shall be accepted in his beloved nay he puts us in possession of all that which the Gospel promises and the Sacrifice of Christ on the Cross obtained to us mercy grace and peace remission of sin the power of the Holy Ghost and eternal life Thus the prayer of Consecration runs in the ancient Liturgies into which though many things are foisted sutable to the conceits of later times yet they contain sundry expressions of Christian devotion worthy of those who are called the Authors of them Bless this Bread and this wine saith that ascribed to S. Chrysostom make it to be the body and blood of thy Son c. that it may be to all that pertake of it for the washing of the Soul the forgiveness of sin the communication of the Holy Spirit c. And a little after Make us worthy to pertake of thy heavenly and dreadful mysteries of this holy and spiritual Table with a pure Conscience for the remission of sin the pardon of our offences the communication of the Holy Spirit the inheriting the Kingdom of Heaven and confidence before thee not for judgment or condemnation In that also which goes under the name of S. James to mention no more we find these words Be merciful to us O God according to thy great mercy and send upon us and upon these gifts thy Holy Spirit that it may sanctifie and make this bread the holy body of thy Christ and this Cup the pretious blood of thy Christ that they may be to all those who receive them for the remission of sin and for eternal life the sanctification of body and soul the bringing forth the fruit of good works and the establishing of thy holy Catholick and Apostolick Church which thou hast founded upon the ROCK OF FAITH that the gates of hell may not prevail against it c. The meaning of which words make this Bread the Body of thy Christ c. are so well expounded in the Service of the Roman Church by the addition only of these two words TO VS as if their forefathers had studied to prevent that gross conceit which now they have entertained * Our Writers have shewn often enough that the fancy of transubstantiation is not countenanced by the service of that Church which teaches it For the Prayer there concerning the Bread and wine is that they may become to us the body and blood of thy wel-beloved Son our Lord Jesus Christ God doth not make them so in themselves by changing their substance but unto us by their change from the common to this Spiritual use Nor doth the prayer now mentioned for the Holy Spirit to come and sanctifie them and make them his body to us c. suggest any such thing as a change of their substance For the ancient writers
clearly discern that I may touch on this by the way that he did not believe the Wine in this Sacrament was turned in substance into the blood of Christ but only in representation and use For it begun to be his blood when it was offered to God just as the water begun to be the people and flock of Christ He uses the same words of both And therefore if we say he thought the wine was changed from its own nature into the very substance of Christs blood we may as well say he believed the water to be changed from being water and to be made the very substance of his Church or people In the like manner we may discourse concerning the bread which in his opinion is so made Christs body that it is also the body of the Church For that is represented he saith together with Christ by the flour and water made into one Bread But not to trouble our selves any further with disputes let us therefore when we pertake of the Table of the Lord think that as thereby we are made one with Christ so we are joyned in the closest Union one with another And let us remember when we are making our selves ready for this heavenly Feast that as we are going to commemorate the dearest love of our Lord and to profess our love to him so to engage our selves to the heartiest love towards all the members of the same body to enter into a Covenant one with another as well as with him by eating of the same bread and drinking of the same Cup that we will never fall out any more much less hate maligne or do despite and injuries one to another but live for ever in the peace of God in unity and godly love O that this holy use of this Sacrament were more seriously regarded and laid to heart It would make a marvellous change in the face of Christs Church if all that pertake of his Table did cordially embrace as loving friends and resolve to remain in an inseparable affection For Love or Brotherly charity is the fulfilling of the Law and would certainly secure all thoses duties which we owe to our Neighbour as S. Paul shews Rom. 13.8 9 10. If our hearts were filled with it we should not only be preserved from doing of him harm but it would make us do him good By giving and communicating to his necessities * Which is joyned with breakinâ— br◠〈…〉 us â—ship and by forgiving him and passing by his injuries trespasses and offences under which two heads are comprehended all the offices of brotherly charity We have our Saviours word for it that if this heavenly vertue were but planted in our breasts all other Christian vertues would presently shine in us and adorn our souls For he compares this loving and kind disposition free from all base selfishness and covetous desires which look only at their own particular profit to the eye in our head which when it is clear and pure the whole body is full of light Matth. 6.22 And therefore the oftner we come to the Lords Table with this end among other in our aim the better Christians we shall grow We shall preserve this light that is in us from growing dim and renewing our friendship at this feast to which the Lord invites both high and low rich and poor we shall neither despise nor envy nor bear ill will nor be hard hearted one to another any more Nay our light will so shine before men that they seeing our good works will glorify our Father which is in Heaven It is a maxim I observe among Politicians that a great person or Governor should Feast or entertain but seldom upon some special occasions because it is uncertain whether he shall procure by it favour or envy Some may think themselves neglected and others think themselves disparaged who are not able to give the same entertainment But our Lord upon the quite contrary reasons invites us frequently to his house and Table because he invites all and makes no difference upon account of mens outward estates and expects nothing at all again but that all his Guests would love one another with a sincere heart and unfeigned affection The great he would ingage not to scorn the meaner sort and the meaner sort not to envy the great He would oblige the rich to be merciful and liberal and the poor to be thankful and contented The weak in knowledge not to judg the strong and the strong not to despise the weak but all to live together as loving Brethren and members of the same body That so they may have the same care one for another And whether one member suffer all the members may suffer with it or one member rejoyce all the rest may rejoyce with it And whatsoever differences may arise he conjures them by all that is sacred and dear to them that they fall not out nor make any quarrels much less divide and separate themselves one from another or do any thing that may spoil the harmony and consent of their affections together with the comfort of their lives and the beauty of his Church O how good Psal 133.1 4. how pleasant it is should every one say when he is at this feast for Brethren to dwell together in Vnity Heaven and Earth are pleased with this happy agreement and sweet accord Here the Lord commandeth a blessing even life for evermore Never will I make any jars in this heavenly consort Nothing but love nothing but Love shall possess that heart in which thou O Lord of love art pleased to inhabit I willingly enter into these holy bonds of friendship and peace I ty my self here inseparably to all my Brethren I embrace them all in every place with an open and inlarged heart I will ever endeavour to keep the Vnity of the Spirit in the bond of peace and will love not in word nor tongue but in deed and in truth And O that we could see that holy Spirit which gathered so many Nations and tongues and people of sundry sorts into one body of the Church descending once more to joyn together all Christian hearts Come holy Ghost and draw us all to unity concord and peace That as there is one Lord and one spirit and one Baptism Ephes 4.3.4 5. Act. 4.32 and one hope of our calling so the multitude of believers may be of one heart and of one soul O blessed Jesus who when thou ascendedst up on high gavest gifts to men yea to the rebellious also renew thy ancient bounty to thine Universal Church Visit our minds and inspire us with heavenly grace that we may be like minded Phil. 2.2 having the same love being of one accord and one mind That so at last there may be but one voice also that we may all speak the same thing 1 Cor. 1.20 and that there be no divisions among us but that we be perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in
he gives us the Wine of joy and gladness when the same Cup is put into our hand which our blessed Saviour drank of This is the very height of Christianity to which noble pitch we should earnestly strive by all means to arrive Every drop of our blood should be ready to be poured out for that Religion which Christ sealed with his own And indeed what better use can we make of our life than to give it for him from whom we received it and who gave his life for us And how much better is it not to live at all than to live with the mark and brand of cowards and fugitives from the Prince of life and the Lord of glory Let us say therefore when we come to the Table of the Lord O how much do we owe thee most blessed Redeemer How great is the price which thou hast paid for the ransom of us miserable sinners Tongue cannot express it nor thought conceive it What shall I render unto thee for the incomprehensible benefits thou hast bestowed upon me I can give thee no less than my self which here I resign intirely into thy hands Do thou dispose of me according to thy pleasure It is but reasonable I should follow thee whithersoever thou leadest me Though it be to thy Cross I refuse not to obey thy orders Though I should die with thee I hope I shall not in any wise deny thee For there is no better use I can make of my life than to spend it for thee I esteem all things but loss for the excellence of thy knowledg I account not my life dear unto my self Act. 20.24 so that I may finish my course with joy It is Christ that died yea rather that is risen again who is even at the right hand of God who also makes intercession for us Rom. 8.34 35 c. Who shall separate me from the love of Christ Shall tribulation or distress or persecution or famine or nakedness or peril or sword as it is written for thy sake we are killed all the day long we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter Psal 44.17 18. Though all this should come upon me yet will I not forget thee nor will I deal falsly in thy Covenant My heart shall not be turned back neither shall my steps decline from thy way Nay in all these things I shall be more than a Conqueror through him that loved me For I am perswaded that neither death nor life nor Angels nor Principalities nor powers nor things present nor things to come Nor height nor depth nor any other creature shall be able to separate me from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord. And great reason there is that we should cleave to him to the very death if we consider the inestimable benefits which he by his death hath purchased for us and by this Commemoration of it confirms unto us Especially that of remission of sins through his blood which he for his part covenants to grant us if we for our part be faithful to the death For We are not to consider this Action merely as a Feast or only as a Feast upon a Sacrifice but as a Feast upon a Sacrifice for Sin Wherein we agreeing as I said to be his constant Disciples profess our belief that God hath set him forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood and he gives us a part in that propitiation and promises to be merciful to our unrighteousness and to remember our sins and iniquities no more It was not permitted to the Jews you know no not to the Priests themselves to taste of the blood of any Beast that was slain in their Sacrifices to God but it was to be poured out at the foot of the Altar after some part of it had been sprinkled thereon And as for the flesh of the Sacrifice if it was an offering for sin that was to be wholly burnt also and they were not allowed the least portion of it at any of their Feasts This is a priviledg belonging to Christians alone at the Table of the Lord where they not only eat of the Bread which represents the body or flesh of Christ but drink of the Cup which represents his Blood We have an Altar i. e. a Sacrifice whereof they had no right to eat that served the Tabernacle that is Heb. 13.10 which the Jewish Priests themselves who ministred at the Altar could not pertake of We are admitted to the injoyment of more singular priviledges than they were invested withal As we are pertakers of a better Sacrifice which is of greater efficacy and vertue than any of theirs were so God receives us into a nearer familiarity with himself and by setting before us not only the body of that Sacrifice which was offered to him but the blood also which was his own proper food plainly tells us that he intends to make us pertakers of the highest blessings even of his own joy and happiness Of which he gives us strong assurance in that he lets us pertake not only of the blood of the Sacrifice in this figure and representation but of the blood of that Sacrifice which was offered for the sins of the world This bids us rest assured of his abundant grace and not doubt of our acceptance with him to a participation of his highest favour There is nothing now to hinder it nor to make us call in question his merciful kindness toward us For we have such a token and pledg of forgiveness of our sins by this Sacrifice as the ancient people of God had not of the forgivness of their offences by the blood that was offered at Gods Altar They were not admitted to taste of that blood as we are of the blood of Jesus and so could not have that boldness and access with confidence to God which we have through the faith of him Luk. 22.20 1 Cor. 11.25 compared with Mat. 26.28 This seems to be one great secret of this Sacrament as appears from the words of S. Luke and S. Paul who tell us that this Cup which we drink of is the New Covenant in Christs blood which was shed for the remission of sins We are received by doing this into that gracious Covenant which assures us of forgiveness through his blood He gives us a right to those benefits of which that is the first which he obtained by his obedience to the death Which is the import also of the word Communion used by S. Paul to express the effect of this Sacrament 1 Cor. 10.16 The Cup of blessing which we bless is it not the Communion of the blood of Christ The bread which we break is it not the Communion of the body of Christ In its full signification that phrase denotes not merely our being made of his Society but our having a Communication of his body and his blood unto us * So the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is rendred in other
the same judgment Now the Lord of peace himself give us peace always by all means 2 Thess 3.16 Now the God of patience and consolation grant us to be like minded one towards another after the example of Christ Jesus Rom. 15.5 6. that we may with one heart and one mouth glorifie God even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ And the Lord make us to encrease and abound in love one towards another 1 Thess 3.12 13. and towards all men to the end he may stablish our hearts unblameable in holiness before God even our Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ with all his Saints Amen Now what is there that will more certainly accomplish our wishes and make us love our Brethren do them good and forgive them than a grateful sense of all Gods benefits to us who are less than the least of them This will provoke us to love and to good works and make us not to be weary of well-doing It will press our hearts to render something both to him from whom we have received all and what he needs not himself to bestow on his Members who were as dear to him as his life And therefore S. Paul I observe after he had made a passionate exhortation to the Colossians to put on bowels of mercies kindness long-suffering forbearing and forgiving one another Coloss 3.12 13 14 15. if any man had a quarrel against any and above all to put on charity and to let the peace of God rule in their hearts to which they were called in one body immediately adds in the close of all AND BE YE THANKFVL As if he thought that this would secure all the other as they do the rest of our duty And for this very purpose hath our Saviour instituted this holy Feast that our hearts may be raised to Praise and give thanks to the Father of mercies with the devoutest affection not only when we are there but at all times and in all places This is a thing that cannot be omitted at this feast without spoiling the very nature of it It is not what our Lord appointed it to be if this be wanting With this we begin with this we continue and with this we conclude this holy Action Nay it is Thanksgiving with prayer to God by which the bread and wine are sanctified that they may become to us the body and blood of Jesus Christ And to say no more it is so much of the essence as we speak or being of this Action that it hath been the name of it for many if not for all Ages We find this Sacrament called the Eucharist that is Thanksgiving in the most ancient writers which would make one think this was the name belonging to it in the Apostles times And indeed S. Paul calls it the Cup of blessing which is the very same with Thanksgiving For if you observe it the Evangelists use these words indifferently when they speak of the institution of this holy Feast S. Matthew and S. Mark say that he took the bread and blessed and he took the Cup and gave thanks S. Luke and S. Paul only say he took bread and gave thanks and the Cup in like manner And thus they speak also in another matter concerning common food which will help to explain this business S. Luke saith Christ looked up to Heaven when he took the five loaves and two fishes to feed the multitude and blessed them Luke 9.16 S. Matthew and S. Mark say only that looking up to Heaven he blessed viz. his Father who is in Heaven Matth. 14.19 Mark 6.41 And S. Johns words are that he distributed them when he had given thanks Joh. 6.11 From whence we may conclude these two things First that blessing and giving thanks are the very same in their language or include one the other which may be further confirmed from 1 Cor. 14.16 Secondly that though this blessing or speaking good of his name and thanksgiving be directed immediately to God yet the Creatures for which we bless and thank him pertake of the blessing and become the better to us For so the loaves and fishes were blessed by our Saviours blessing God And so we say in common speech that before we eat we should bless the Table or those good creatures that are before us because by thanking God for them he grants them to our use with his good will and blessing * See 1 Tâ—â— 4. â— And in like manner at the last Supper of our Lord he blessed the bread and wine by giving thanks and blessing God to be to his Disciples the divinest blessings and pledges of his singular love And thus we are to conceive it is at this day by the blessing and thanksgiving of him that Ministers at this holy feast to which all the people say Amen and joyn their hearty consent those creatures of bread and wine are sanctified and blessed to those excellent uses which I have already named * Thence Justin Mart. calls them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in English Thanksgiving'd food or food hallowed by Thanksgivings Apol. 2. For thanksgiving and blessing sutable to this occasion if nothing else were added include the most powerful prayer to God that by receiving this bread and wine in remembrance of his Son Jesus he would make us pertakers of all the benefits which he procured by dying for us And therefore you ought to be very careful of this as a principal part of your duty here to lift up your hearts when the Minister calls upon you unto our Lord God and to give thanks and praise together with all the heavenly host to the Father Almighty who of his tender mercy gave his only Son Jesus Christ to suffer death upon the Cross for our redemption c. And be sure to say Amen to that prayer which presently follows in our Service for the clearer understanding of the use to which the bread and wine are deputed and of the means whereby they come to be so which is the divine blessing That we receiving these thy Creatures of bread and wine according to thy Son our Saviour Jesus Christs holy institution in remembrance of his death and passion may be pertakers of his most blessed body and blood Nay all the time of this holy solemnity praise and thanksgiving are to be intermixed with every part of the Action to make it the more effectual to us We cannot commemorate him as I told you without extolling and magnifying his name and making our acknowledgments to him And how can we remember his making his Soul an offering for sin without special thanks unto him for so great a kindness We ought to profess our selves Christians with the height of joy and gladness of heart To bless him for the gracious Covenant into which he receives us To vow our selves unto him with the most solemn thanks that he will accept such poor things as we are to be his servants And to make a
you and all that I desire of you is that you would continue in my love If you keep my Commandments you shall abide in my love Joh. 15.9 10 14. even as I have kept my Fathers Commandment and abide in his love This is the token I would have of your kindness to me Ye are my friends if you do whatsoever I command you Nothing else do I request of you but that you would not hurt your selves by sinning against my love that you would henceforth live unto me who dyed for you Come I beseech you now and assure me that you love me Renew your covenant of friendship with me By taking eating and drinking this that I give you plight me your faith that you will be ever true unto me And then I will be your security against the curse and the condemnation which you dread I will undertake for you that all your sins shall be pardoned Nay I will present you fair and beautiful before my Father as if you had been always innocent Take my word for it that I will deliver you from the wrath to come and give you the blessing of eternal life If you doubt at all of it come hither take this bread and drink this cup as sure as you now receive these your sins shall be blotted out and never remembred in the great day of judgment By these tokens I give you an interest in my death and sufferings I oblige my self by these sensible signs to perform all my promises I seal to you that gracious Covenant which was made in my blood As certainly as I dyed I assure you that you shall live for ever Only as I said do not deny me your hearty love Grant me this small request to correspond with me in sincere affection And by eating and drinking here at my Table tye your selves to be my faithful servants Then I allow you to begin now the joys of Heaven Nay I require you to rejoyce in my salvation to comfort your selves in my promises to solace your souls in the hope of my glory and to sing the Song of Angels which shall end and be completed in eternal Hallelujahs Praise ye the Lord. It is no dream and mere imagination I assure you Christian Readers no vain fancy that you entertain your selves withal if you conceive our Lord thus discoursing to you at his Table For all this is in effect pronounced by the Bread and wine which represent his pretious body and blood When they are broken and poured out before your eyes and offered to you to eat and drink in commemoration of of his death they report unto you his great love and declare the agonies and pains which he indured and give you assurance by authority from him that he will never cease to bless you and do you good And therefore you cannot better affect your hearts and raise your devotion to him in my opinion than by expounding their meaning to your selves and thinking you hear him uttering by them such words unto you as I have now mentioned And will it be possible then that you should be altogether silent and answer never a word unto him Can you find nothing to return to so kind and gracious a declaration of the bowels of his mercy towards you Or will it be hard to tell him your heart who hath so freely opened his unto you No man sure can be mute unless he be astonisht and struck dumb at the power and mightiness of his incomprehensible charity This may indeed justly strike us all with the greatest admiration and hold us a while in wondring thoughts that we should be thus beloved of God It will well become us to be amazed and lost in our thoughts to be unable to do any thing at the first hearing of all these things but only marvel that he should be so kind to such wretched sinners We cannot begin this action better than in a soul-full of thoughts not to be expressed In a silent admiration that the God of Heaven should thus graciously visit us manifesting himself in our flesh giving his Son to die for us and inventing so many ways to make us rest assured of his love towards us But when you have recovered your selves out of this passion how many other shall you feel strugling in your souls which shall first present themselves unto him Do but stay and pause a while upon every part of the foregoing words and you will find all sorts of resentments in your heart which you may cast into this order and thus address your reply unto him You may be very much ashamed that you should give him so great trouble and put him to such pains First to die and then to find out so many ways to remember you of his death and perswade you of his never dying love You may say to him in your heart O my Lord I blush to see my soul so foul that nothing less than thy pretious blood would serve to wash and cleanse it I am confounded to see thee in such a case for us who cared not how vile and base and miserable we were What have we done that we should bring thee to a Cross O what wretches were we that we should understand the love of God no better than to stand in need of such an instance of it with what confidence can we behold thee thus battered and bruised thus wounded and bloody thus full of pain and anguish as thou representest thy self unto us I am asham'd to think that we have exposed thee to such ignominy and shame I am grieved at the heart that we have made thee a man of sorrows And our infidelity O how great is it that after thou wast pleased to indure all this for us we should stand in need of such frequent remonstrances of it and be in danger to forget thee or distrust thee unless thou didst continually thus present thy self unto us and assure us of thy good will towards us O my Lord how shall I present my self before thee who am one of those that have occasioned all this care and pain this agony and passion this sweat and this blood I sigh to remember the many groans which we have made thy heart ake withal It wounds my ears to hear those words My God my God why hast thou forsaken me I am ready to ask thy pardon even that thou art come at such a rate to pardon us It is too much too much but that thou art love it self to spend all this love and kindness upon such insensible and ungrateful sinners Thus having begun to make your addresses to him you may proceed in the second place Humbly to acknowledg your unworthiness to be guests to so great a person as he is Though we cannot if we understand the nature of this feast but come with as thirsty a desire to it as the chafed Hart to the streams of water with as hungry an appetite as a poor man to a full Table or a covetous