Selected quad for the lemma: blood_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
blood_n	bread_n	communion_n	wine_n	5,311	4	7.9264	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35310	The antient and present state of Muscovy containing a geographical, historical, and political account of all those nations and territories under the jurisdiction of the present czar : with sculptures and a new map / by J.C., M.D., Fellow of the Royal Society, and a member of the College of Physicians, London.	Crull, J. (Jodocus), d. 1713?	1698 (1698)	Wing C7424; Wing C7425; ESTC R2742	334,877	511

Dog chances to come into the Church they first sweep and afterwards purifie it with Incense and Holy Water they also shew a great deal of respect for their Church-yards Their Bells are not hung in Steeples like ours Their B●lls but placed in a certain Engine built for that purpose in the Church-yard near the Church They are for the most part very small tho' Muscovy has else the greatest● Bell perhaps in the World seldom exceeding 200 Weight The Ropes are not fastned to the Bells but to the Clapper and they fasten two of these Ropes to both Arms near the Elbows and two more to both hands of a Man so that one single Person may make a Chiming in which the Muscovites take extraordinary delight tho' it sounds but very indifferently to those that are used to better they Toll them at the beginning of Services and at the Elevation of the Chalice for the Bread being put in immediately after the Consecration into the Wine they make but one Elevation they reckon the Chiming of Bells so essential a part of Divine Service that they believe it to be imperfect without it If there be any Religion in the World that obliges its Professors to a most severe Mortification Their Feasts it is certainly the Muscovian for as if it were not sufficient to have enjoyned the keeping of two constant Fast-days in the Week to wit the Wednesday and Friday and the Eves before Holy Days when they are obliged to abstain so strictly from all kind of Flesh that they must not make use of Eggs and Milk they have four Lents every Year The longest of them is like ours of seven Weeks the second begins Eight Days after the Pentecost and lasts till St. Peter's Day the third holds from the first of August to the Sixteenth of the same Month and the fourth from the twelfth of November till Christmass Day During all these Lents they eat neither Butter nor Eggs nor Milk much less Flesh unless it be in the first Week of the long Lent which being their Carnaval they have liberty for all manner of excesses except Fish In this Week their Extratravagances are almost past belief and as if this time was alloted them as a preparative to their Fastings they commit such Debauches in double distilled Brandies and melted Butter which they pour down their Throats that they are all kindled in a Flame and if they are not immediately quenched with Milk they die upon the Spot Woe to any Stranger that meets these Drunkards at Night without being well guarded their Insolencies being so great that with Fightings Quarrels and Murthers commonly Forty or more Persons are Murthered in a Night during this Week not to reckon those who being overcharged with Liquors and wanting Attendance to carry them Home fell down upon the Snow and so are Frozen to Death It is a most dismal Spectacle to behold perhaps Ten or a Dozen of these in the Morning carried upright in a Sledge Frozen to Death some having their Faces Gnawed others their Arms eaten off by Dogs others to have nothing left but the bare Bones and yet these are the daily Objects one meets with in the Streets of Musco during this time of Debauchery All the attonement they make for these Enormities is That the next Week after they live upon Honey Herbs and Pulse and Drink only Quus or small Mead and Water and to cleanse themselves from the Impurities contracted in these excessive Debauches they dont forget to visit the Bath-stoves The rest of the Lent they live pretty Temporately and some of the most Devout will not eat Fish all that time unless it be on Sundays But as they are very exact in observing these strict Rules in Lent so it is a very difficult task to perswade them to eat Fish on Sundays or Holy Days out of Lent being of Opinion that the Rules prescribed by St. Clement in the Tomes of the Councels Printed at Venice according to which Laymen that Fast on Saturdays and Sundays ought to be Excommunicated are most consonant to the Apostolical Institution By the same Rule that forbids them to eat Flesh they are also enjoyned not to meddle with Women on their Fast-days and during their Lent if the Russians should send abroad any Missionaries I am apt to believe they would make but very few Proselites in these parts There are some who alledge that these frequent Feasts have been Establish'd in Moscovy rather upon a Political than Spiritual account to wit for the preservation of their Cattle forasmuch as the Peasants being all Slaves here dont take the same care for the propagating and preserving their Cattle as they do in other parts where they enjoy the Fruits of their own labour and that the long Winters in Muscovy renders the keeping of the Cattle both very troublesome and chargeable whereas they abound in the best Fish in the World which are sold at a very cheap rate all over Muscovy All those that are arrived to the Age of Discretion Their Confession are obliged to go to Confesssion before they receive the Communion Their Confession they make standing before one of their Images on which having fastned their Eyes they make a particular recital of all their Sins expressing their Sorrow for every one of them in particular and promising Amendment The Priest very rarely gives them the Absolution without some Penance which consist for the most part in repeating frequently the Gospodi Pomilui or Lord have Mercy on me in making a certain number of Reverences before their Saints in standing at the Church-door in abstaining from Women and Aqua-Vita But if it be a sin that requires more than ordinary expiation the Priest is not unmindful of his own Interest for in this case he enjoyns them to make use of the Holy Water which is Consecrated on Twelfth-Day to cleanse Sinners of their Sins and is disposed of for that purpose by the Priests not without a good Consideration Most of the Muscovites receive the Communion upon Easter Eve Their Communion or at least upon a Fasting Day forasmuch as if they should Communicate on a Sunday they must not eat Flesh that day They prepare themselves for it by an extraordinary Mortification a Week before when they eat nothing but hard Bread and drink nothing but Quus worse than our small Bear or Water They Communicate in both kinds unless it be Children under seven years old at which Age as soon as they are arrived they are admitted to Communicate both because at that Age as they say they begin to sin mortally They mix warm Water with Wine which according to the Counsel of Constantinople represents the Water that came forth with the Blood from the side of our Saviour the Bread which must be Leavened and Baked by a Priest's Widow they put in the Wine taking out a Morsal together with some of the Wine in a Spoon The Communion Bread for sick Persons is about twice

as big and somewhat thicker than a Crown Piece and hath in the middle the sign of the Crucifix This figure after it is Consecrated the Priest takes off with an Instrument not unlike a Launcet and puts it up in a wooden Box hanging above the Altar to preserve it from Rats and Mice If a sick Person is to receive the Communion they take a little of it upon which they put a few drops of Red Wine and a little Water in the Chalice which they give to the sick Person with a Spoon if the sick Person be not capable of swallowing the Bread they give him only a little Wine In the ordinary Administration of the Sacrament they make use of the same sort of consecrated Bread but not bigger than half a Crown from which they also take the Crucifix and break it into as many pieces as there are Communicants which they cast into Red Wine and mix it with a little warm Water and so Administer with a Spoon What remains of the Bread after Consecration is called Kutja or Holy Bread of which the Priest gives a Morsel to each of those who have Communicated the Week before At the Administring of the Sacrament the Priest says these Words This is the true Body and the true Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ which hath been given for thee and for many more for the remission of thy sins which thou shalt take in remembrance of him God bless thee There have been some who from these Words have drawn this inference as if the Muscovites believed Transubstantiation against which several pregnant reasons may be alledged to the contrary For if you Discourse the Muscovites concerning the Consequences of that belief they will not refuse to own it irrational nay absur'd and ridiculous neither do they call to their aid as the Roman Catholicks do God's Omnipotency Besides that they dont pay Adoration to this Mystery which doubtless they would do in a Religion so Zealous and Superstitious as theirs were they of the same Opinion as to this point with the Roman Catholicks Sick Children though never so Young receive the Communion but in one kind till they are seven Years Old when they Communicate like the rest as we have observed before They do not refuse the Communion to Madmen but they only touch their Lips with the Bread dip'd before in the Wine A Woman in Child-bed is not to Communicate in the same Room where she was brought to Bed but must be first washed and carried into another place Those that have committed Murther are not to be Communicated but at the point of Death if those that lie in extremity are to be Communicated they gave them first some Water or Aqua-vitae wherein some relicks have been put then they receive the Communion and at the same time the Extream Unction which done they are to take nothing else nor any Nourishment unless there be very apparent Signs of their amendment There are some among the Muscovites who at the last extremity cause themselves to be Shaven and become real Monks This once done they are not permitted to take any thing for a Week after being perswaded that they are no more Men but become Angels And if they happen after these Eight Days of Abstinence to recover their Health they must go into a Monastery because the Razor has passed upon their Heads Formerly they used to send the Consecrated Bread to those Places in the Country that were destitute of Priests They used also to give it to Travellers to reserve it for a Case of Necessity But this Custom is now quite abolished in Muscovy The Ecclesiastical Government of Muscovy consists of a Patriarch Their Hierarchy who resides in the City of Musco four Metropolitans seven Archbishops and one Bishop besides the Arch-Deacons Proto-Popes and Priests The four Metropolitans are those of Novogorodskoi and Welikoluskoi who resides at Novogorod Of Rostoufskoi and Harostauskoi who has his Residence at Rosto● Of Casanskoi and Sunatskoi at Casan And that of Sarskoi and Pondoskoi who lives within the Castle at Musco The seven Archbishops are those of Wologdskoi and Weliko Premskoi who has his Seat at Wologda Of Resanskoi and Moromskoi who lives at Resan Of Susdalskoi and Turruskoi who has his Residence at Susdal Of Twerskoi and Cassinskoi at T were Of Sibirskoi and Tobolskoi at Toboleska Of Astrachanschoi and Terskoi who resides at Astrachan Of Pleskouskoi and Sborskoi who lives at Pleskou There is but one Bishop in all Muscovy to wit that of Comenskoi and Cassieskoi who keeps his Residence in the City of Columna The Patriarch hath always about him an Arch-Deacon who is as it were his Vicar-General He hath also a Proto-Deacon residing in the Castle of Sabor The rest of the Ecclesiastical Order are distinguished into Proto-Popes and Popes or Priests Those that attend at Church toll the Bells and do other inferiour Offices are called Pangamari The Patriarch of Muscovy has the same if not a greater Authority as the Pope has in the Latin Church for he in a manner divides the Sovereignty with the Great Duke He is the Supream Head and Judge of all Ecclesiastical Affairs And such is his Power in all Matters that have any Relation to their Religion that he reforms whatever he thinks prejudicial to this Religion or good Manners without giving an Account of it to their Great Duke Yet not so but that his Orders must be put in Execution by the Czar's Commands The Patriarch of Constantinople had heretofore the Nomination of the Patriarch of Muscovy till in process of Time he had only the Confirmation and in this Age he hath lost both At present the Patriarch of Muscovy is chosen by the Great Duke and the other Prelates The Latter meet in the great Church within the Castle called Sabor where having nominated two or three Prelates the most eminent for Learning and other good Qualilities they present them to the Great Duke who after a Conference with these Prelates proceeds jointly with them to an Election If it happen that those proposed for the Election are equally eminent for their Learning and Piety it is with the Grand Duke's Approbation sometimes decided by Lot The Patriarch Their Prelates marry not Metropolitans Archbishops and the Bishop in Muscovy are not to marry but make a Vow of Chastity as long as they continue in that Dignity For the Prelates as well as the Priests are allowed here to quit their Orders whenever they think it convenient They must not wear Rings on their Fingers They wear neither Drawers nor Shirts of Linen Cloth but of Flannel Neither do they make use of Beds The ordinary Habit of the Patriarch Their Habits Metropolitans Archbishops Bishop and even of their Monks is very near the same They wear a black Cassock and over that an upper Garment of the same Colour not much different from that worn by the other Muscovites Their Hoods are at least an Ell and an half