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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
blood_n	body_n	great_a	part_n	6,429	4	4.3809	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16279	The discription of the contrey of Aphrique the fyrst part of the worlde, with the cituation of al the countreys together, with the perticuler maners lawes, and ceremonies, of dyuers people inhabityng in the same part. Translated out of Frenche into Englyshe by Wyllyam Prat of London, the fyrst daye of the newe yere, M.CCCCC.LIIII. Rede it dylygently, marke it perfectly, reuolue it thorowly, beare it equally, beholde the auctours simplicitie, and prayse God almyghty.; Omnium gentium mores. Book 1. English	Joannes, ca. 1485-1535.; Prat, William.	1554 (1554)	STC 3196.5; ESTC S112745	45,413	174

frome one tre to an other lyke as the byrdes do and vpon the sayde trees they dwell without all daungers And yf it so fortune that the branches shuld spreade ouer the weight of theyr bodyes they holde theym vp with theyr hādes but yf it had so chaunced in holdynge vp of thee sayde braunches they fall vpon the grounde yet they fallynge had no harme because of the agilitie and nimbilnes of their bodyes besides all this they lyue of the sayd trees chosynge out the tendrest bowes and do nyble and gnawe the same as the lytle mouse eateth the chiefe they ar certyfied with the bark●s of trees These people be alwayes naked and haue theyr wyfes and chyldren common They fyght one agaynste an other and all to gette others b●e●e garnyshed trees in theyr fyghtes they do vse no other weapons but of wode they which be ouercome be as bonde slaues to the vaunquyshers or ouer commers They do oftentymes dye for hungre or that after they haue ones lost their syght the whiche fortune to them in leapynge from one tree to an other and cannot se to gather that whiche they vsed to lyue by then they dye in continent after The cyrcuit of thys nation is inhabyted by other Ethiopiens whiche be called Cinectens There is no dyfference betwene them and the other for asmuche as they inhabit in the for rest countreye they haue fewe or no fountaynes They are compelled to liue vpon the tres because there is so many wylde beastes verye earlye in the mornynge they goo and seeke the waters and the fountaines do water the braunches of the trees in the heate of the daye the wylde Oxen the Leopardes and other wylde beastes doo ronne to the waters for to drynke And the sayde beastes do drynke so muche that they become so heuye puffed vp that they can not well resist Then the Ethiopiens defendynge frome theyr trees verye fearsly and swiftly do assault thē as well with bournynge staues as also with dartes and stones In so muche nowe and then they kyll one amongeste the greate nomber It chaunsethe sometyme also that the sayde wylde beastes haue the vpper hande and deuoure some of the men notwithstandynge moost commenlye there doth come at the last certayne myght and strength so that they take the saide beastes the rather by there art industry And if it shuld hapen that they kyl not these beastes but be dryuen to a excigency then they do in such an extremitie take ageyne the skynnes of the sayd beastes which they had eaten the fleshe before do plucke away the heade shoulders with the heare castyng it in water and with lytle fire doth sithe afterwardes it is destrybyted amongest thē to eat and are therwith sertyfied They vse theyr chyldrē to shote at a but and gyueth them no meat tyl they hit it and therby they become good archers and expert in castynge of stones Thereis an other kynde of people in that countreye dwellynge nyghe the deserte whiche be called Archridophages and they be verye lowe men and marueylous blacke At the pryme tyme the wynde of zephyrus the wynde of Libique do brynge out of the desert a nomber of marueilous great Locustes which haue wynges of a lothsome coullour and fygure The Ethiopiens beinge accustomed broughte to this made great a boundaunce of woodes leaues and suche lyke in a longe valley The season of the yere beynge come that the sayde beastes aboue named were driuen out of the desert by the same wynd and that so great aboundaūce that a man wolde take them to be cloudes which passed aboue the valley agayne whā that the people accordynge to theyr maner custome dyd put on fyre the sayd abondaūce of woodde couered wyth herbes in the valley the whiche they had before heuen cutte The smoke that assended vp frome the sayde fyre into the ayre was so hote the locustes flyenge in the myddest of the heate fel downe ded a lytle beyond the sayde valleye The quantitie of them is so great that they largelye feade and vyttell al the people And hauynge great store of salte in that countreye they do salte the sayd locustes and by that meanes they last longe And this kynde of meate is plenty and for theyr apetit that in al their life time they eate nothinge els for they bring vp no beastes or cattell in those countreys nor they haue no fyshe because they are far from the sea fayre ryuers They are very lyght and runne swyftly yet they lyne no longe tyme. They lyue but to the age of forty and no longer Their endes be not so pitifull as vncredible for whan they are come to their ful age that is xl yeres expired There ingendreth in their bodies certeyne vermines like vnto flees hauyng lytle wynges of diuers colors so made that they wolde feare a man These verminnes first eateth the belly then the brest and afterwarde by lytle and lytle consumeth oll the body They whithe be infected with this maladye shall at the fyrst fele thē selues moued with an iche and by reason of to muche scratchynge there dothe folowe to the parson aflictiō a grudging of a newe dissease with allegement of the fyrst in a maner a lytle after that by such Emotiō doth folowe affluence of bloude whiche commeth out of the bodye of the sycke patient that there dothe issue in spite of him an infinit multitude of the sayde vermentes And thereby feleth so great payne that it disfygureth and dismembreth all his body And after that it had stinted a freshe doth issue suche abondance of the sayde bloode and vermentes that it is vnpossyble to helpe hym in somuche eyther by the corrupte eare of the countreye or beastlye bryngyng vp they ende their lyuea most myserable and peryously The extremyties of Aphrique towardes the parte of Midy be in habited with a kynd of people which the Grekes call Cynamines otherwyse called be the barbarous wylde They do weare great beardes and do kepe for theyr defence a nomber of dogges for from the middest of sommer to the myddest of wynter there commethe into that countreye a multytude of Oxen from the countrey of Indes And they knowe not frome whence this plentye shulde come except it be that the sayde beastes be cōstreaned to fley out of the said region into this countrey for feare of the hurt of other wyld beastes or by the iustynce of nature Who hath ingendred many other thynges vnknowen to man moost worthye of admiration and for that the people be not able to resyst so great a nomber of beastes commyng vpon thē be constrayned alwayes to haue with them so great a nomber of dogges by the help and course of the which dogges there is taken many of the sayd beastes after they haue kylled them they eare continent one part and for their prouision salt the rest They do eat also manye other beastes whiche the dogges do werye kyll Beyond the

those partes of the bodye whiche had done the offence shoulde beare the payne and punyshment were suffred notwithstandynge to lyue for others examples They haue also a greuous punishmēt for the mā whiche occupyeth parforce the free women that is shall haue his mēbers cut of By that one euyll acte say they he commyteth thre crymes Fyrst he hath defiled the woman Secondly he hath commytted force and vyolence Thyrdly he let increase of chylder or at the lest staynned the parentage and blode He whiche is taken in adulterye shall suffre great tourmentes and in the syght of the woman his nose shal be cut of by that meanes they wyll depreue him of part of his visage the whiche lost in contynent loseth his beutye We fynd in aucters that Bocchoris was the inuēture of the lawes obserued among the Egyptiens concernyng worldly matters This amongst alother was ordeyned the money lent without a byll or recognisence the borower without fraude to repaye agayne to the Apprester for they holde this oppinion That the promesse and fayth is of great efficacy and vertue They dyd defende that any vnreasonable vserars should be had in theyr countrey Also they woulde that no man shoulde haue theyr bodies bounde for any dette Thynkyng it is suffyciente to haue theyr goodes bounde and not their bodyes to be subiecte to no other thynges but to the prefermente of all publyke like matters They thē selues dyd fynd this to be repungnāt against reason that the mē of warre which put theym selues forth in infinitte dangers for the cause of the comē weale to be caryed to pryson as they were oftymes by reason of suche dettes as they toke vp at vsarye The lyke to this lawe there was traunsported by Solon to the Athenes and was called Sisatee By the which they wold not suffre that the bodye of a Citiziner shuld be kept in pryson for moneye taken vp at vserye Moreouer the sayde lawes the Ethiopiens obserue one particular law as cōcerning theues by the whiche it was establyshed that all they whiche had stolne any thynge shulde brynge the stolne before the hygh Priest and to giue him their names in writynge In lykewyse he which had the robery done to must come before the high Priest and declare what he hathe lost the daye and tyme whan and how the robbery was committed so by that meanes the thynges lost be recouered Alwayes it was prouyded that the fourth parte of the stolne goodes the robber shulde haue To make this lawe ther was certeyne lawyers that consydered wyth them selues that it shulde be vnpossible to dryue out of the countrey all theues thought it therfore most expedient to fynde the wayes that suche gentyll men as had lost theyr goodes myght be restored to them agayne made this lawe that the fourthe parte shoulde be to the thefe and the rest to the howner The estate of mariage is not in the same vniforme amongst the Egyptiens as it was with thē For the pristes coulde take but one wyfe in maryage the other as manye as they wolde or coulde meynteyne They thynke the chyld is neuer Illigitemetly begotten I suppose they be ingendred of a woman slauesse for that the man doth iudge the chyld to be God the woman which bare him in her bely to serue for no other purpose but to nourse hī that he may lyue The hole charge the father is at with the chylde from his Infancye vntyll he come to age is not aboue .xx. Drachimes whiche is ten pens Englyshe The Priestes do instructe the chyldren with holye letters and good bookes They also teache them their scyences as Geometrie Arithimetique They do not study to learne the feites of warres neyther exercyse they mornynge nor the arte of musycke they haue this opinion That mournynge is pernetious for yonge Infantes musycke vnprofytable as to purchase vnto them great infamation The maners to heale malydies and disseases is to obserue a dyet or to prouoke to vomet for seynge as they do saye that all sycknesses cōmeth by the superfluitiē of meates they can fynde no better medycyne to helpe the sycke patient then to folow the aboue named rurle The men of warre do spende nothynge to haue Barbers or Phisicions for that at the sole and onely charge of the common weale there be Phisicions sounde which do heale theym whan they be hurt They haue cer tayne kynd of medycens left them in wrytyng by theyr predycessors whiche be regestred in bookes called holy If a man obseruynge the maner of the medycens conteynyng in theyr bookes had not holpen the sycke patient he was exempted by their lawe and put in fault but yf he hadde appoynted or other wyse ministred other medicene then in the sayde bokes were specified and that the patiente was not helped but dyed The Phisicion was also condempned to dye This law was instituted by the lawyers for they iudged it a straunge thyng and vnprofytable for the sycke man to inuente a newe maner of Phisycke whan he had ben a longe tyme visited with a desease vnder the coulour of a newe experiens to hassard the lyfe of the parson The Egygtiens aboue all other nations were subiectes to Idolytrye amongste other thynges they dyd not onelye worshyp the lyuynge beastes but also the deade as cattes dogges wolfes for they where not a shamed to be suche gret Idolyters but glorified therin and thought therby to purchase to them selues and to theyr Goddes great honour They wold go about the townes cyties with the Images of the sayde beastes showynge as they went what beastes they were and howe they honoured theim Whan that the sayd beastes be departed they wrappe them in a lynnen shete That done they bowe them selues downe and knocke their brestes They kepe theyr beastes dentily for they giue theym to eate whete flower myxte with mylke this they haue gyuen to them ordinerlye To the other beastes whyche eate nothynge but harde fleshe was gyuen byrdes large money spent vpon them After they be deade the people showe them selues so sorowful as though it were for the death of their owne chyldren Manye tymes they bestowe vpon the sumptuous buryynge of the sayde beastes more thē theyr owne substance draweth to In so much when kynge Ptolomee Lagus reigned it chanced that ther was an Oxe in the cytie of Mēphis which dyed for age A talent●… is .v. C.li ●arlynge Hebraitū talentun vulgariū is .ii. hundeth and poundes syxti mynes is a hundrel drachmes a drachm is .iii. shillyngs .iii pens The burienge of the sayde oxe coste his keper ouer and aboue the ordinarie expenses which he had spent vpon him al his lyfe tyme the some of fyfty talentes of syluer which he borowed of the sayde kynge Ptolome These thynges shuld seme meruelous yet not so meruelus as credible to some men to beholde the sumptuous buryenge of the dead beastes whiche the Egyptians vse So often as these thynges chaunce al the parentes and

To al such corrupted conscience I say not onely say but also exhort them to flye this art and practise a godlyer and lette theym herein folow the councel and walke the steppes of the Ethenikes for I can not but nominate theim Infydels yea more wycked then they which be not ashamed to doo that which they vtterli detest And here I make an end of the discription of Egypt and the nature of the Egiptianr and wyll proceade to treate of other people inhabytynge in Aphrique The discription Of Penes or Puniciens and other people of Aphrique Capitalo .vi. THere be dyuers nations amongest the Penes or Puniciens The Adrimachides do drawe towardes Egypte and holde the fashyons of the Egyptiens sauynge onely they weare theyr apparell after the maner of the Punitiens their wyfes do weare a cheyne of copper and neuer do cut theyr heare They do byte the fles betwene theyr teth when they fynde them about their bodyes and after they do cast them awaye They present onely amongest other people of that contreye theyr doughters and promysethe thē to be faythfull to theyr kynge and he onely to deflower them and to haue his choyse to take of them whom he shal please or fantasye The Nasamoniens be other people verye euyll the most parte of them be robbers vpon the sea and whan they se a shyppe a shore they tone vpon hir and robbeth hir In somer they leaue theyr cattell all aboute the cooste and do go to a certeyne place where there is greate plentye of fayre and good fruytes and gathereth theym The fruyte whiche they gather before they be rype they do leaue in the sonne to drye Afterwarde put mylke together and stampeth it and then they do swalow it hole They haue ech of them many wyfes and haue companye with them whan theyr lust is come vpon theym at the first place they tome at openly without hauynge anye shame to do it in the presence of other Lyke vnto them be the M●ssagetes whiche haue an other maner more of doynge and is in that they put theyr staues before them The same also is the custome of the Nasamoniens when that any of thē take a wyfe The espoused is bounde to presente hym selfe to all them of the feast and to be bounde to them to graunt for to do there plesure and he which hath company with her may gyue her a presence without daunger and do what he list with her They vse certein othes They amongest theym which be iust of a holly lyfe were had in this reputacion that after theyr deathe the menne of the countrey did reuoke or call ageyne their names by certeyne obedes in swerynge and touchynge the sepulcher did transport also for to do theyr sort and gesse vpon the Sepulchers of theyr auncitours and after they had made theyr oracion they slepe vpon the same and do coniectoure vppon that whiche myght come of it whiche in sleapynge they dreamed fyrst of The maner of promisynge which they haue one to an other is to present drynke in token of theyr promes and if it so fortun they haue no drynke they take the pouder of the earth and laye it vpō theyr tong There is an other kynd of people in that countreye called Garamantes that contrey was traficked and and traded of other nations They do vse no weapons they dare not defende theym selues agaynst other which stryue against them they do dwell beyonge the Nasomoniens towardes the occidēt in part of the sea To those people do ende other which be called Macez which do cause theyr heare to be shorne vpon the top of the head and let it grow in the mids Theyr neyghbours be Guydans who in theyr warres they make continually agaynst the Autrices do insteade of other armours put on onely the skinnes of certeyne bestes The women in theyr apparell hade dyuers borders of furres or skynnes And for this reason as it is written for that of euery man whō they haue had company they toke by a maner of a present a vestment in such sort that she whiche is so apparelled was counted most horourable as to beloued of many The Machliēs which be other people inhabyting in the countrey in Maraiz be called Maraiz Tritonides They do were theyr heare behynde and nothyng before The Auses contrawyse be other people inhabiting in the same region and do weare theyr heare before The maydens of that countrey do accustomablye parte theym selues into bandes or companyes and do fyght one agaynste an other with staues and cast stones and doth say that this fashion hath ben by theym obserued in the honour of theyr goddesse Minerue Those whiche were wounded and constrained to leaue the fyeld were estemed with them whiche remayned and resysted vnworthye of the honour of the maydens Contrarywyse she which shal be coūted most hardiest at the ende is apparelled after the best sort they can al deuise And moreouer she is armed in armour accordynge to the Grekes do weare a helmette lyke vnto the come of a cocke after the maner of the Corinthians And after they haue so dressed her they set her in a cart and do accompanye her all about the Mazais The people laste named haue theyr wyues commen amongest them and do vse the nature lyke to beastes So soone as theyr wyues haue had a chyld and noursed it a tyme vntyll the sayde chylde haue a lyttle strengthe the same amongest theym is called the father The mother must forsake to lyue with the sayde chylde And ye shall vnderstande that from .iii. monethes to three monethes the man hath companye with the woman and then the mother shall delyuer the chylde to one whome she shall please The other people of the same region which be called Atlantes because they inhabyte towardes the mount Atlas by Arom●es that is without perticuler name They do detest the curse of the passynge sonne with infinite execracions in that it is so hote that it burneth them and theyr region They eate no kynde of fleshe and haue no restynge place to sleape The other people of Aphrique whiche be called Pastoriciens lyue by flesh and mylke notwithstandyng they eate no beafe no more then the Egiptiens do eate porke for ther the women of the contrey of Cerene haue a feare or horroure to beate theyr kynne because they sayde beastes be offered to theyr god or Idoll Isis the whiche in Egypte is honored and for his honour obserue certeyne fastyng dayes and holy daies The women of Barcees whiche be other people of that countrey haue a contrary obseruacion for they neuer eate bieffe nor porke And so sone as theyr chyldren be .iiii. or .v. yeres olde they do beate the veynes of theyr heades some of theim do burne the veygnes of the temples and that which is set burning vpon theyr heades is of bloud and woll set on fyer vppon theyr heare to the entent that the moistnes and petuitie descendyng frō the braine and other

partes of the head maye not hurt thē by this meanes they say theyr chyldren are more healthfull and theyr persons in better disposicion The maner of theyr sacrifyce be these that after they haue cut the eare of a shepe they present it in signe of thankes geuen for the fyrst frutes they haue euery yere They do cast the sayde eare vppon the couerynge of theyr house that done they do wry theyr shepes neckes They do no other sacrifices but vnto the son and mone They bury the dead as the Greekes except the Nasamoniens when they perceaue that one amongest theim is at the point of deathe beynge in his bed doth lyft him vp and maketh him to sit vpryght for feare that he shulde yelde vp the ghost lieng in his bed vpon his backe their tabernacles be buylded and gorgigiously made set vpon great trees after suche a sorte that they wyll turne with euery wynde The Maxiens do weare theyr heare on the ryght syde and shaue away all on the left they do peynt theyr bodies with red and they say it commeth from the Troyens The women of Zabiques be other people endynge to the Maxiens And they do conducte theyr husbande cartes whe● they go a warfare The zigante● be other people of that naciō They haue a great quantitie of hony bees that the men by theyr industri knoweth wel howe to kepe and norish them so that they multiply gretly in so much there is so greate abundance that the people be fedde onely ther with The people be also peinted red All the nacions of the countrey of Libie do lyue a very strange and wylde lyfe The mooste part of the day tyme in the somer they goo vnder some shadowe so that there is no diuersitie betwene theim and beastes they make no prouision for that they lacke And for theyr aparel they vse gotes skynnes The moost myghtiest amongest theym haue no cities subiecte vnder them but lytle towares al about the waters syde In the which they put al their necessaries and that whiche they haue gathered be layde in the sayde towers Euery yere they do a kynde of obediens to theyr subiectes and by that they shewe theym selues to be frendes to the good and parcecutoures of the rebellions as theues and robbers of coūtreys Theyr weapons in warre be proper agreable both for theyr maner and nature for that they are lyght of bodye and the countrey plaine for the most part therof they vse no swordes nor daggers nor no lyke weapons yet they cary with them iii. dartes and a quantitie of stones which they gather and put into a lether buget They be furnished with such wepons both for the assautynge and retyryng backe that they do hurt greately theyr enemies by that so longe exercyse they make thē selues parfet They holde no feyth to strangers The Troglodites whom the Grekes cal herdmē or shepherds because they kepe cattel be people in Ethiope of this same region whiche thorowe out all countreys appointed theym selues a kynge They haue theyr women and chyldren common except the kyng which hath his wife and chyldren a part As sone as the quene his wyfe is come to see hym The kynge with all magnificence dothe presente to her a nomber of cattel As longe as the wyndes of Ethesiens do last to the dogge dayes There doth fal in that countrey great plenty of rayne They are fedde most comonly with the blud of beastes and mylke myngled sodden together And when that their pastures be baren because of the heate of the sonne they do seke for the maryshes They haue no wars one with an other by reason wherof they lyue lyke lordes They do kyll theyr olde mottons and those which can not kepe them selues frō maledies and disseases They do asscribe no certeyne name to none of theyr chyldren For they do thinke that the sheape and the bulles be theyr fathers and mothers why because from those bestes they haue theyr dayly noryture The commō people do vse to drinke the iuce of a tre called Aubespine The rich mē do cause to be pressed a certein kind of flower The licour whereof maketh drynke for them hauynge in a maner the tast of worse new wine They leade theyr sheape frome one place to an other for feare that the sayd sheape shold be wery to abyde styll in one countrey The peoples bodyes be all naked sauynge theyr members Whiche they couer wyth skynnes They sayd Troglodites Whō they cal Megauares do weare alwayes for theyr armour a coote of buffe with heare and al vndessed amase set wyth poyntes of Iron other do cary a bowe another halfe a pycke They do not passe to buyld Tombes and Sepulchers but insteade of a tombe they do burye the bodye of the deade with suche lyke woodde as we call splynt or barkes of trees and the bodye is wrapped therin euen from the top of the head to the soole of the fote Afterwarde they set it in some high place and couereth it with the stones they cast vpon and that doone they do laughe at the deade And after that they haue couered wyth stones they put vpon it a horne of a gote and so leauethe hym without takynge any more cōpassyon They make battell one agaynst an other not in angre or for ambytion as the Grekes were wonte to do but too gayne the commodytie of theyr pastures and fieldes Fyrste in theyr warres they caste at one an other a great nomber of stones And they vse of a custome to shut one at an other so that theyr foloweth greate blodshed These battelles be neuer ended but by the most ancient women the which be in great suertie for that no man of th one parte nor of the other wyll hurte them they do go betwene two and so do part them whiche be conflicted They which 〈◊〉 from the desert and ronne into that countrey for shadowe and do deuower the lytle wyld beastes makynge suche courses sometyme dystroye manye Ethiopiens at theyr cōmyng out of the marysshes long tyme past that nation had ben vndone by the Lyons had not dame nature for seane it and geuen them succours by her prouidence At the fyrst entrynge of the dogge dayes a great multytude of pampyllions as cater pillers do fley into this councrey beyng brought without any wynde The same swarme of lytle beastes doo neuer hurt theym whiche dwell in the marysshes whervpō as wel for mourmuring as for bythynge do constreyne the Lyons to departe To this nation of Rirophagis is ioyned the Ilophagris and Spermatophages The last named people lyue of the graynes as we cal them the accornes whiche fall from the trees in Somer The rest of the tyme they gather certeyne kynde of herbes groynge in theyr orchardes wherof they lyue in tyme of hungre But the Ilophagers with theyr wyfes and chyldren do go into the fyldes and do clyme vp into the trees and breketh the weakest branches they dwel so well that they maye leape