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A50246 A catechisme, or, The grounds and principles of Christian religion set forth by way of question and answer wherein the summe of the doctrine of religion is comprised, familiarly opened, and clearly confirmed from the Holy Scriptures / by Richard Mather, teacher to the church at Dorchester in New England. Mather, Richard, 1596-1669. 1650 (1650) Wing M1268; ESTC R43433 66,565 136

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live as long as ever any did Q. Is not Sanctification also perfect at the first A. Farre from it for the honest men upon earth have been sensible of such imperfection i in their Sanctification that they durst not stand to be justified before God thereby k Q. VVhat proceeds from this imperfection of Sanctification A. A continuall combat between corruption and grace in the sanctified soule Gal. 5. 17. Rom. 7. Q. And what else A. A continuall exercise of repentance and of fleeing to the grace of God in Christ Jesus Rom. 7. 24 25. Q. Iustification Adoption and Sanctification are excellent benefits that come to believers through Christ tell me what other benefits do accompany or flow from these A. In this life there doth accompany or flow from them assurance of Gods love lively hope and expectation of glory peace of conscience and joy in the holy Ghost Rom. 5. 1 2 5. 14. 17. Tit. 2. 13. Q. If these things be vouchsafed to believers in this life what shall they have in the life to come A. Unspeakable glory and happinesse in the immediate fruition of communion with God and Christ unto all eternity Col. 3. 4. 1 Iohn 3. 2. Heb. 12. 23. 1 Cor. 15. 28. Q But may not a true believer lose his faith and so lose all these benefits that come by faith in this life and fall short of eternall glory in the life to come A. If he should finally lose his faith it would be so indeed but God that of his grace hath wrought this faith in him will preserve and perfect the same untill the day of Christ Phil. 1. 6. 1 Cor. 1. 8. Q. Doe you mean then that a true believer can never totally nor finally fall away but shall persevere in grace unto the end A. Yea I mean so indeed this perseverance of believers in the state of grace being plainly and plenteously taught in the holy Scriptures 1 Pet. 1. 5. Luke 22. 31 32. Iohn 17. 20 21. 10. 28. Mat. 16. 18. Ier. 3● 40. CHAP. 26. Of the necessity of faith its imperfection at the first and the means whereby it may be increased Of hearing the word and of Baptisme and the Lords Supper Q. YOu have shewed many excellent benefits that come by faith but whether is faith of such necessity that these things cannot be without it A. Such is the necessity of this grace of faith that in respect of the usuall way of Gods dispensation there is no hope nor possibility that a man should escape wrath or attaine happinesse in this or in another world without faith Iohn 3. 18 36. Mark 16. 16. Heb. 11. 6. Q. Faith then is very profitable and necessary but whether is it perfect at the first or groweth by degrees A. The best faith is imperfect in this life a and is usually little at the first b increasing and growing by degrees unto more perfection c Q. VVhat are the ordinary and usuall means for increasing of faith A. Hearing the word d Communion of Saints e receiving of Sacraments f prayer g reading h meditation i and conference Q. When must we heare the word A. The usuall and ordinary time is on the Lords day k and other times also l are not to be neglected when God gives such opportunity Q VVhat rules must be observed before we come to heare the word that we may get profit thereby A. We must lay aside our sinnes m seriously consider the weightinesse of the work we goe about n resolve to obey whatsoever shall be shewed to be the will of God o and pray to him that he would teach us to profit p Q. VVhat rules must be observed in hearing A. Reverent attention q with spirituall affections r giving credit to the truth s and applying the word unto our selves t Q VVhat must we observe after we haue heard A. We must meditate of the same afterward u confer of it with others w pray to God for a blessing x and set upon the practice of what is required y Q. VVhat is the generall nature of Sacraments A. They are divine instructions annexed to the word for the teaching of Spirituall things Gen. 17. Exod. 12. Mat. 26. Q. Who is the Author of Sacraments A. Onely God z who is the Author of those Spirituall blessings and duties that are taught thereby Q VVhat are the parts of a Sacrament A. Two an outward and visible signe and an inward and Spirituall blessing which is the thing signified Q. Who are to receive the Sacraments A. The faithfull members of some visible Church and their seed Gen. 17. 10 11. Acts 2. 39. Q. VVhat is the proper effect and use of a Sacrament A. To be a signe and seale of the covenant between God and his people and of those spirituall blessings which are promised therein Gen. 17. 10 11. Rom. 4. 11. Exod. 12. Mat. 26. Q. How many Sacraments are there A. In the New Testament onely two Baptisme and the Lords Supper Mat. 28. 19. 26. 26 c. Q. VVhat is the outward signe or part in Baptisme A. Water a and washing therewith b in the name of the Father Sonne and Holy Ghost c Q. What is the thing signified A. Union with Christ d and forgivenesse of sinnes e with sanctification in the mortifying of corruption and quickning the soule to newnesse of life f Q. Who ought to be baptized A. Men of yeeres when once they are converted to the faith and joyned to the Churchg g and such infants whose parents both or one of them are to be converted and joyned h Q. Who is the author of the Lords Supper A. The Lord Jesus in the same night in which he was betrayed when he was about to lay down his life which was the greatest act of love that ever was 1 Cor. 11. 23 24. Q. VVhat is the outward signe in the Lords Supper A. Bread and Wine with the actions pertaining to them which are breaking and pouring out giving and receiving eating and drinking Mat. 26. 26. 1 Cor. 11. 24 25 c. Q VVhat is the spirituall blessing or thing signified A. The generall sum thereof is Christ himselfe and our communion with him and withall the benefits of his passion Mat. 26. 26 c. 1 Cor. 10 16. Q. What are the things signified more particularly A. The passion of Christ and his sacrifice upon the Crosse consisting in the crucifying of his body and shedding of his blood 1 Cor. 11. 26. Q. What else A. The action of God the father giving k Christ for and to the elect with the action of Christ giving himselfe l to death and likewise giving himselfe to the soules of the faithfull Q. What is the third thing signified in the Lords Supper A. The act of faith receiving Christ and feeding on him spiritually m so as to grow unto more communion with his n body and blood and spirituall strength of grace thereby Q. Who ought to receive the
as also by other titles importing the same thing Q. VVhat are those other titles A. He is called Counsellor b Messenger c Doctor or Master d Apostle e Speaker f the Shepheard and Bishop of our soules g the faithfull and true witnesse h Q VVhat is the work of Christ as a Prophet A. To reveale and make known to his people the counsell and will of God Deut. 18. 18. Iohn 1. 18. 4. 25. 15 15. Matth. 11. 27. Q How doth he this A. Outwardly by such means as he hath appointed and inwardly by the teaching and illumination of his holy Spirit Q. VVhat are the outward meanes A. They are divers and sundry according as it pleased him i but chiefly they are the holy Scriptures k and the ministery of men appointed to speak in his name l Q. What is the teaching of the holy Spirit A. It is that inward work of the holy Ghost upon the soule whereby the outward teaching is made efficacious and powerfull for opening the understanding and humbling the heart to embrace the truth and will of God Iohn 16. 13. 14. 26. 1 Iohn 2. 27 Q. When hath Christ performed his office and function of a Prophet unto his people A. Both when he was upon earth in his own person m and also in all times and ages of the Church both afore his incarnation n and since his Assention into heaven o Q. How much of the will of God doth this Prophet make known unto his people A. All that is requisite for our Salvation Iohn 15 15. 4. 25. 16. 13. Deut. 18. 18. Q. What then is to be thought of all Doctrines Traditions Revelations and Ordinances which he hath not appointed A. They are all to be rejected and accursed p as being injurious to the perfection and fulnesse of the Propheticall office of Christ CHAP. 17. Of the Priesthood of Christ Q. IS Christ also a Priest A. Yes and is frequently so called Psal. 110. 4. Heb. 2. 17. 3. 1. 4. 14 15. 5. 5 6 10. 8. 1. 9. 11. Q Was he a Priest after the order of Aaron A. No but after the order of Melchizedek Psa. 110. 4 Heb. 7. 11 21. Q. How may that appeare A. Aaron was of the Tribe of Levi but Christ was of the Tribe of Iudah a and whereas Aaron had father and mother Christ as he was man was without a father and as God without mother b Q. How else A. Aaron and his successors being sinners had need to offer sacrifice first for their owne sinnes and then for the peoples but Christ being altogether without sinne did offer sacrifice onely for the people Heb. 5. 3. 9. 7. 7. 26 27. Q. Is there not some difference between the Priesthood of Aaron and Christs Priesthood in respect of the manner of entrance in the same and continuance therein A. Yes for Aaron and his successors were ordained without an oath but Christ with an oath c And whereas the Priests of the law died and had successors Christ hath an unchangeable Priesthood continuing Priest for ever d Q. How doe these priesthoods differ in respect of the sacrifices offered thereby A. The one offered the bodyes and blood of beasts but Christ offered up himselfe and so was both Priest and Sacrifice Heb. 9. 12 14 26. Q. Is there not some difference in regard of the number of their Sacrifices A. The Sacrifices of the Law were many because of their imperfections but Christ hath offered up himselfe once for all Heb. 7. 27. 9. 25 26. 10. 12 14. Q. What are the workes performed by him as a Priest A. Oblation or offering a Sacrifice e and making request or intercession for his people f Q. What was the Sacrifice which he offered A. Himself as he is man g his humane soule h and body i Q. VVhat kind of Sacrifice was this A. It was bloody or by blood k it was spotlesse l and perfect m and most pleasing unto God n Q. VVhat Altar did he offer this Sacrifice upon A. The Altar must need be heavenly as the Priest and Sacrifice were and the use of an Altar being to sanctifie the gift and therefore greater then it w and therefore it was not the crosse of wood but the Godhead of Christ which was the Altar on which he sacrificed himselfe x Q. Whether is Christ the only Priest unto God in these daies or are there not others who are Priests also A. All Christians are called Priests to offer up unto God the spirituall Sacrifice of prayer and thanksgiving and the like y but to be a Priest to offer up a Sacrifice propitiatory is proper and peculiar unto Christ onely z Q. What acts doth Christ perform in making intercession for his people A. He appeares in the presence of God for them a presenting before God the vertue and value of his death and bloodshedding b with some expression of his will before God for their good c Q. In what manner doth he make this intercession A. Not with teares and words and prostrating of his body as he did on earth but in such a manner as is suitable to his state of glory Q. What are the benefits of this intercession of Christ A. Forgivenesse of sinnes daily continued and applied d with continuance in Gods favour e and acceptance of our imperfect services f Q. What are the benefits of this intercession A. Hereby believers are defended and secured against the accusations of all their enemies g with certainty of salvation in Heaven h CHAP. 18. Of the Kingly office of Christ Q. HAth Christ also the office of a King A. Yes for he is often expresly so called a and hath the ornaments of a King Q. What are those ornaments A. To sit upon a Throne b to weare a Crown upon his head c and to have a Scepter in his hand d Q. How is he King of his people as God onely or as man also A. Not as God onely but as Mediator God and man in one person Q. How is that proved A. Because he that was born and given to us hath the government upon his shoulders e and he that was crucisied is made Lord and Christ f now to be born and given and crucified cannot be said of God onely Q. How else may it appeare that Christ is King not as God onely but as man also A. Because the time will come when he shall deliver up the Kingdome to the father g but as God he shall reign with the father unto all eternity Q. Is any work of Christ as King anywhere expresly ascribed unto him as man A. Yea authority to execute judgement as a Kingly work and this belongeth unto Christ as man Iohn 5. 27. Q. Over whom
Lords Supper A. Such members of the Church as are endewed with knowledge o spirituall affections p faith q repentance r love s and thankfulnesse t CHAP. 27. Of prayer and some other means of increasing faith Q. WHat is the generall nature of prayer A. Not onely a wish or desire after this or that for a man may have so much and never pray Iam. 4. 2. Q. VVhat is it then A. Prayer is an opening of the desire of the heart before God a whether it be by ffighes and groanes b or by words c and other means d Q To whom must we pray A. To him that knoweth the heart e and is almighty and so able to help f to him that is to be worshipped g and believed in h which is none but God Q. Whether must we pray to God directly and immediately or through a Mediator A. Onely through the mediation of Jesus Christ Iohn 146. 16. 23. 1 Tim. 2. 5. Heb. 7. 25. Q. What are the parts of prayer A. Petition and Thanksgiving Phil. 4. 6. 1 Thess. 5. 17 11. Q. What is Petition A. A prayer wherein we aske the preventing or removing of things hurtfull and the bestowing of things needfull Mat 7. 7 8 9 10. Q What is Thanksgiving A. A prayer wherein we desire that honour and glory may be given to God for what we have received i or do believe we shall receive hereafter k Q. Whether is not confession of our sinnes and miseries and vows and promises unto God parts of prayer A. They may be called adjuncts of prayer because they are to be expressed or understood in every prayer Q. How may that appeare A. By this because to come to God for mercy without an acknowledgement of our unworthinesse and misery and to desire him to perform what he requires of us is little better then a mocking of God Q. Are there any for whom we must not pray A. Yes we must not pray for the dead because we cannot do it of faith as having neither precept nor example nor any good warrant for it in the world Rom. 14. 23. Q. VVhy else may we not pray for the dead A. Because such prayers cannot availe at all but are altogether vain 1 Pet. 3. 19. Heb. 9. 27. Q. For whom else must we not pray A. We must not pray for the salvation of all men living universally for that is contrary to the revealed will of God l nor for any in particular that have sinned the sinne against the Holy Ghost m Q. For whom then must we pray A. For all other sorts of men now living n both our selves and others o whether they be friends or enemies p and for some that shall live hereafter q Q. Is there any rule of direction according to which we ought to frame our prayers A. Yes the whole will of God revealed for this purpose in the word r and that pattern of prayer given by Christ unto his Disciples s Q. Seeing God knoweth all our wants afore we pray and hath determined with himselfe what he will doe for us wherefore then should we pray A. Not to inform him as if he were ignorant of our estates for he understandeth our thoughts afarre off t nor to change his minde for his purpose is unchangeable u Q. Why then A. We are therefore to pray because God hath appointed prayer to be the way and means w whereby he will accomplish that which he hath purposed to doe for us Q. How must we pray that we may be accepted A. The persons praying must be righteous x humble y and upright z and the matter of prayer must be something lawfull and promised a Q. And what must be the manner of praying and the end aymed at therein A. The manner must be in sense and feeling of our wants b with faith c fervency d and perseverance e and the end must not be that we may consume it upon our lusts but for the glory of God f Q. What other means are there for the increasing of faith A. Diligent reading of the holy Scriptures g and serious meditation therein h with frequent and holy conference with others i CHAP. 28. Of the Church Catholike or Mysticall and the Difference between it and particular instituted Churches Q. WHo is the subject of Redemption or of all that deliverance obtained by Christ A. Not the blessed Angels because having never fallen they needed no Redeemer nor all the race of mankind for Christ would not pray for the world Iohn 17. 9. Q. Who then were redeemed by Christ A. He gave himselfe for none others but only for his Church Eph. 5. 25. Acts 20. 28. Iohn 10. 15. 11. 52. Q. What is meant by the Church in the holy Scriptures A. It is usually taken in Scripture either for the Catholique Church a which is called the Church mysticall or else it is taken for the Church instituted or particular Churches b Q. What is the difference between the catholike universall and mysticall Church and the instituted or particular churches A. They differ in their number for the catholike Church is but one Church one body c but of the other sort in the dayes of the new Testament there are many Churches d Q Wherein do they differ in respect of the matter A. The Catholike Church hath none in it but Saints and all true beleevers are in it e but particular Churches have some times many wolves within f and many sheepe without g though it ought not so to be Eph. 5. 23 25 26 27. Heb. 12. 23. Q. What is a third defference betweene them A. The forme which constitutes the Catholike Church is their union which Christ by faith h but the forme of the other is the bond of an holy covenant i to walk together in all the waies of Christ Q. Is there not some difference between them in regard of place A. Yes for some parts and members of the Catholike Church are now in heaven and the rest shall all come thither in Gods appointed time k but the members of particular or instituted Churches are all of them upon the earth for the present and some of them must never come in heaven l Q. What may be a fifth difference A. Whereas particular churches are visible to themselves and others also especially in times of peare m the Catholike church is properly a Church invisible Q How is that proved that the Catholike Church is invisible A. Because some parts thereof are now in heaven and those that are on earth never were nor will be all together that they might be seen Q. What may be a further