by the nature and condition of promises for legall promises may be found in books of the new testament as Ro. 2.7.8.9.10.11.12.13 also Rom. 10. 5. Gal. 3. 10. 12. and contrarily promises Euangelicall of grace may bee found in the books of the old Testament as Psal. 132. 1.2 also Ierem. 32. 31. 32. c. therefore they are to be discerned the one from the other in this sort namely according to the rules following Wheresoeuer promises of temporall or eternall good things are made on condition of works as they be the perfect keeping of the law all such promises are legall which no man can lay claime to except he bring an absolute obedience in no point failing which none since Adam saue the man Christ can do therfore he only hath right to eternall life and to all good things in the strict iustice of the law they which belieue claime by his title conueied to vs by faith in Christ. All promises of the life to come or of this life which be made on condition of belieuing or of repenting and working as repentance and workes though vnperfect be signes markes and fruits of faith and faithfull persons all such promises be Euangelicall whereunto euery beleeuer how weake soeuer be his faith but as a grain or mustard-seed may lay claime and challenge through the grace of God freely promising and giuing them Christ his sonne and all good things with him as godly sorrow bringeth repentance to saluation 2. Cor. 7.10 and Luk. Blessed are they which heare and keep the word and 1. Timoth. 6. Godlinesse hath promises c. Psal 1.1.2.3 and Iohn 3. hee that belieueth shall not be condemned he shall be saued hee shall passe from death to life and the iust by faith shall liue Hab. 2. 4. all those and all of this sort and sute are promises of the Gospell The well obseruing this difference between promises of the Law and Gospell will bring great light both to teachers and hearers and the neglecting of it will trouble and confound both nothing being so dangerous as not to distinguish well betwixt Law and Gospell as M. r Fox and Luther do teach at large Touching such places of scripture where morall duties be commanded and commended they must be vnderstood according to these Rules following set downe by M. Estay in Psal. 119.1 Though no word bee spoken of Christ yet it must be vnderstood that he alone is the full cause of euery part of our saluation Act. 4. 12. All morall duties are then commended in any party when the party that doth them is first in Christ hauing his righteousnesse imputed to him and his sinnes pardoned through the death of Christ. Reason is because all our duties are acceptable to God through Christ 1. Pet. 2. 5. and that without faith in Christ none can please God Heb. 11.6 lastly because our best duties being vnperfect and full of blemishes must bee purged by forgiuenesse of sinnes therefore the good things done by Saul or Iudas or proud Pharisies or other euill men please not God All good workes must haue a pure heart for the beginning and Gods glory for their end that is they must be done of conscience to godward out of obedience to his word and with desire and purpose by such obedience to glorifie him for the bare deed neuer please God Thus Abell thus Abraham Moses Dauid Ezekiah did their works and all the regenerate doe them thus and thus Papists neither do nor can do good works Morall duties when they haue blessednesse promised to the doing of them are not to be considered as causes thereof that is Christ as is said before but as signes which shew to a man that he is faithfull and therefore happy and blessed or as the way which leadeth to blessednesse These duties must not bee vnderstood in the strictnesse and rigor of the morall Law but expounded of a continuall and vnfained desire purpose and indeuour to doe them sorrowing when wee cannot doe them as we ought asking pardon wherein we faile and setting a fresh vpon them striuing alway to prooue better and better This rule would preuent scruples and feares which weak ones haue thorow a sense of their owne wants and failings When the scripture commends any as being perfect or exhorteth any to bee perfect it must bee vnderstood of vprightnesse not of absolutenesse of a perfection in parts striuing to all duties not in measure and degree for it is impossible for any Saint in this world to attaine to a certaine and perfect loue and obedience that is reserued till next life Estay in Psalm 199. this Rule would haue preserued Familists and Papists from conceit of imagined perfection in this life Likewise the Scriptures that affirm of the Saints that they are worthy must either be vnderstood of the worthinesse of the person accepted as worthy for Christ his worthinesse not of the worthinesse of workes or else worthy signifies in such texts no more but meet and fit as Math. 3.8 Luk. 21. 36. Col. 1.12 Reu. 3. 4. for they are worthy Thus there will be no footing for Papists merit in these texts of scripture Perkins in Reu. 3. In the doctrine of iustification of elect sinners before God where the Scripture mentioneth Christ onely without faith there vnderstand it alwaies with reference to faith see Gal. 3. 8. and contrariwise where faith is mentioned withouten Christ it hath respect to him as the obiect Rom. 3. 28. 30. Reason is because there is a necessary mutuall relation betwixt faith the instrument and Christ the obiect and matter of our righteousnesse Christ iustifying such onely as haue faith to beleeue in him and faith looking directly and only to the promise concerning Christ. The ignorance of this Rule bred that absurd and vn-gospellike error of actuall iustification by Christ without the help of faith The books of the new Testament speake of the passion of the Lord Iesus by a Synecdoche that is putting a part for the whole the visible sufferings for the invisible Thus vnder his suffering of death be comprehended all the sufferings of his life also his whole suffering spirituall and bodily is comprehended somtime vnder the offring of his flesh or body as 1. Pet. 1. 24. Heb. 10.10 1. Pet. 4.1 sometime vnder sprinkling or shedding his bloud Math. 26.28 1. Pet. 1.2 somtime vnder his stripes Esay 53.5 and that all both the inward paines of soule properly felt for sin and outward smart of the body went together for the full and whole sacrifice for sinne is very clere by Heb. 9 28. where it is written that by the offering of himselfe hee put away sin that is his whole manhood was the sacrifice propitiatorie for sinne also the story of his sufferings which mentioneth his soules sorrow ere euer his body was medled withall makes it most manifest Math. 6.38.39
incomprehensible by our reason yet being also a God of infinite truth and purity will not nay cannot write any false thing We may not rashly either our selues affirme or receiue from others any thing concerning Gods worship and mans saluation which wee do not read in scriptures August in Genes 4. Because all things necessary to faith and good maners or christian life are conteined in scriptures which are a perfect canon and touchstone of all things to be taught 2. Tim. 3. 16. 17. Whatsoeuer is truely and soundly collected from scripture is to bee beleeued of vs as though it were expresly written Greg. Naz. 5. lib. Theolog. The doctrine of the Trinity of 2. Sacraments of baptising infants and many such Reason is for that which followeth by good consequence from an expresse scripture is no lesse the minde of God then that which is in so many wordes set downe else godly and sound sermons and disputations and treatises were not to be credited and yet euery thing consonant to scripture is not to bee reputed scripture It is one thing to be scripture peculiarly so called another thing to agree with Scripture or to be grounded on scripture Whatsoeuer article and doctrine is necessary to saluation is deliuered plainly in the holy Scripture August 2. de doct Christ. 9. For otherwise the rule of faith and of life should come vnto a few learned ones except euidently it were taught in scripture so much as euery one may vnderstand for his owne saluation as also by this meanes there is left no plea for ignorance nor pretence of accusing the obscurity of scripture thereby to make people afraide of them as Papistes doe In euery scripture there is some thing visible and something inuisible there is a body and a spirit or soule the letters sillables and wordes be visible as the body but the soule and inuisible part is the sense and trueth wrapt and infoulded in the wordes which are as the barke ryne or bone the meaning within is as the roote and iuice or as the marrow The scripture deliuers some things of God which may be vttered and inquired into as that hee is the creator of the world and gouernour thereof the redeemer of mankinde c. but other things there be which are vnutterable and rather to be adored and beleeued then examined as the vnitie of his essence trinity of his person incarnation of the sonne and such vnconceiueable and vnexpresseable secrets Damascen de fide l. 1. c. 1. Reason is if nothing were found in scripture saue that which men may conceiue the reason and manner of then should not God be thought to be infinitely wise The scriptures haue an admirable and singular harmony and consent among themselues old with new Moses with the Prophets and Apostles with them both precepts promises and examples sweetely agreeing without contrariety though not without variety August de ciuit Dei 8. c. 14. Because the whole scripture comes from the inspiration of one spirit of verity who must needes be in all places like himselfe the whole scripture being but as one chaine or circle Such places as haue shew of repugnancy are easily reconciled by an intelligent reader August As where it is written 1. Tim. 2. 3. God will haue all to be saued yet Rom. 9. it is said he will not haue mercy on all a man of vnderstanding can see that one place speaks of one kinde of will the other of another Also that in Timoth. all may be ment not of euery one but of all sortes and kindes of men rich poore high low c. for there he speakes of the degrees of men for which prayer must bee made Thus by the thing before going or comming after and by the matter in hand all seeming ming contrarieties may be reconciled as when Christ saith in Iohn 5 may father worketh hitherto it seemeth contrary to that in Genes 2. 2. that God rested from his workes howbeit the very next wordes following doe accord these scriptures when he saith from the workes which he made that is from making more workes a new out of nothing but ceased not from preseruing and gouerning what hee had made as Christ ment in that place also Matth. 10. 10. it is written nor a staffe but in Mark. 6. 8. 9. Take a staffe whereas Mathew speaks of a staffe which might comber and burthen but Marke of one which might ease and releeue a traueller Thinges proper to the body are ascribed vnto and affirmed of the soule as hunger and thirst which are peculiar to the body to signifie the earnest desire of the soule and many other of like nature Because the soule is vnknowne to vs therefore the scripture speakes such things as appertaine vnto it in such wordes as our senses are best acquainted with the like is to bee said both of God angels heauen hell and most of diuine mysteries which are taught by earthly corporall things to help our rude and vnperfect knowledge If we do well distinguish times sundry things which seeme to iarre in scripture will bee soone accorded August As one of the theeues crucified with Christ did after the time of his conuersion reproue his railing fellow yet he himfelfe before his conuersion ioyned with his fellow in rayling And those shut vp in prison 1. Pet. 3. 19. were in prison of hel at that time when Peter wrote his Epistle but not when Christ preached by Noah vnto them The Euangelists in their narrations are diuers one from another but neuer contrary For it pleased the spirit to write that more fully by one which was more sparingly set downe by another and that which one toucheth not to expresse by another yet all speake what was true August in Iohan. The parable of the vineyard by Mathew alone of Lazarus and the rich man by Luke alone the story of the man borne blinde by Iohn alone cap. 9. Whatsoeuer is said in scripture by God for the comfort or erection of any one must be held to be said to all in the like case and condition Gregor morall 28. As the consolatory wordes spoken to Iosuah being in necessity Iosuah 1.5 are applied by the Apostle Heb. 13. 5. to all persons which haue any want or distresse Because to like or the same euils belong the same remedies and of like things there is like reason iudgement to be giuen this rule is of large and profitable vse for application of scriptures vnto our owne edification vpon like cases and circumstances both for reproofe exhortation and comfort Scriptures vnto Sacraments giue the names of the things or giftes which we haue by them calling circumcision the couenant baptisme our new birth and washing away of sinnes the bread and cup his body and bloud which is done to shew the similitude betwixt the signes and things giuen
representitiuely by sacramentall vnion as circumcision is called the couenant which yet is not otherwise then a misterie because it is a signe of it likewise water in Baptisme Bread and wine in the Lords supper are not properly that which they bee called but they are it mistically by representation and relation AEnig 245. How may one be saued who is not Baptized Resolution Baptisme saueth onely as an instrument to assure saluation to them that be already saued by the couenant of grace therefore it is not the want of Baptisme when it either not at all or not lawfully may bee had which hindereth saluation but wilfull neglect or contempt of it AEnig 146. How may elementary water wash the soule which is a spirituall substance Resolution Elementarie water washeth not the soule by anie power in it selfe or by any acte done about it but by vertue of Gods ordinance and promise the outward washing by water it is an effectuall pledge to the elect only of that inward washing by the spirit applying Christ vnto their iustification Math 3. 11. Tit. 3. 5. AEnig 247. If God doth onely forgiue sinnes how doth Baptisme take away sinnes Resolution Baptisme forgiueth sinnes instrumentallie as a Sacrament of seale to certifie and confirme our minde in the perswasion of forgiuenesse by Christ but God forgiueth sinnes properly as an Author by his owne power putting away from vs the guilt and punishment yea and the dominion of sin through faith in the bloud of Iesus Christ Psal. 71. 12. Rom. 3. Luk. 5. 11. AEnig 248. What meate is that which is not diminished by eating Resolution It is Christ Iesus whose flesh giuen and bloud shed for the world is the true meate of our soules which being offered in the word and in the supper of the Lord is spiritually eaten by infinite beleeuers and yet remaineth still whole and entire without diminution AEnig 249. How can one eate which hath neither mouth nor stomacke Resolution The faithfull soule doth eate so often as it feedeth vppon Christ and yet is without fleshly teeth or stomach AEnig 250. 251. How can Christ abiding in heauen hee their foode which are in earth How may a man eat mans flesh and drink mans bloud without sinne The Resolutions Though Christ in his manhood be in heauen and the faithfull be abiding here on earth yet by our faith receiuing him as he is offered in the supper the spirit conueying and applying him vnto vs our bodies are not more truly fed with the meate which they take in then our soules be nourished with this spirituall manducation of Christ whose flesh to eate and drinke corporallie and naturally as wee doe other food and as Capernaites dreamed and as our Papistes fancie is a horrible sinne AEnig 252. If faith it selfe be a worke how is it written that we are not iustified by works seeing we are iustified by faith Resolution Faith is a worke of the spirit and an holy qualitie as hope loue and repentance be but doth not iustifie any as it is a worke or qualitie for so it is weake and spotted needing pardon but as an instrument appointed of God to receiue and applie Christ his perfect obedience and sufferings vnto vs for our iustification before God Rom. 5. 1. 11. Gal. 3. 14. AEnig 253. Who was he that was thrise iustified and yet was iustified but once and how this may be Resolution It was Abraham who at his conuersion was iustified by faith in the promised seede Secondly at the time when a sonne was promised vnto him in his old age he is said to be iustified in beleeuing that promise Genes 15. which was but a proceeding of his former iustification Thridly it is written of him that hee was iustified by that worke of offering vp his sonne Iames 2. 2. which was but a declaration before men that hee was a iust person and his faith liuely and not dead AEnig 254. How can the iustice of an other make vs iust and yet the riches of an other cannot make vs rich Resolution The perfect iustice of Christ is without vs sticking or inherent in his manhood as the proper subiect thereof and so it is the iustice of an other yet being accounted vnto the elect at what time they do beleeue it doth become their owne iustice by imputation as verily as if themselues had kept the law and fulfilled all righteousnes in their owne persons whereas another mans riches being so another mans as it is none of ours it cannot make vs rich AEnig 255. How may one which is a transgressour of the law be perfitly iust while he liueth Resolution The godliest man that is transgresseth the law in many things and therefore can neuer be perfitly righteous in this life by any righteousnesse of his workes but Christ keeping the whole law perfitly the grace of God imputing that perfect obedience to the beleeuing sinner hee is made the end of the law for righteousnesse vnto him Rom. 10.4 AEnig 256. How was Abraham iustified by faith if he was iustified by his workes Resolution He was iustified by faith instrumentally by his workes declaratiuely or thus his person was iustified by his faith and his faith iustified by his workes Iames 2. 18. that is made knowne to be a liuely faith AEnig 257. How may one adopt sonnes which hath a naturall sonne seeing adoption is found out for the comfort of childlesse men Resolution Though God haue a naturall sonne euen Iesus begotten of his substance yet men being all by nature the children of wrath he had no sons of our kinde therefore of singular grace to vs not for comfort to himselfe who euer was delighted in his owne wisedome Pro. 8. hee sent his onely begotten sonne to assume our nature and by his willing subiection of the law to purchase vnto vs the adoption of sonnes Gal. 4. 5. AEnig 258. How can a faithfull man bee more sure that God is his father then a naturall childe can be of him to be his father whom he so calleth Resolution That double witnesse of Gods spirit and of their owne sanctified consciences assureth the faithful that God is their father without faile Rom. 8. 16. whereas a naturall childe cannot be certaine of his owne father in very infallible certainty AEnig 259. What sonnes are they which come not to their inheritance before themselues bee dead and how this may be Resolution The adopted sonnes of God they be heires by hope yet do not in their owne person enter vpon their reall and full possession of their inheritance till they be dead Rom. 8 24. 25. AEnig 260. How may an inheritance bee parted amongst many yet not be diminished by such distribution Resolution The heauenly inheritance is distributed to innumerable children yet no way lessened and impaired by such partition neither haue any of the heires the lesse by that which