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A48434 The harmony, chronicle and order of the New Testament the text of the four evangelists methodized, story of the acts of the apostles analyzed, order of the epistles manifested, times of the revelation observed : all illustrated, with variety of observations upon the chiefest difficulties textuall & talmudicall, for clearing of their sense and language : with an additional discourse concerning the fall of Jerusalem and the condition of the Jews in that land afterward / John Lightfoot ... Lightfoot, John, 1602-1675. 1655 (1655) Wing L2057; ESTC R21604 312,236 218

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intended and their meaning is easie to be understood but to come to allot them severally to this or that time or place is but to do that that when ye have done all you can will come to no surer bottom to rest upon then your own conceit and supposall The matter of them is expressed as to the most part by allusion to the plagues of Egypt as boils blood darknesse and so it clears the thing intended namely in generall to shew how the mysticall Egypt Chap. 11.8 after all her oppression and persecution of the Israel of God should at last come to receive her just reward as old Egypt had done and that God would follow her with plagues till he had destroyed her They are somewhat like the plagues of the seven Trumpets some of which as we observed did in generall speak the state of the world till the rising of Antichrist and those Vials may be understood as the generall description of his plagues and ruine We observed in Chap. 6. and that upon good Scripture ground that the six Seals did all but speak one effect namely the destruction of the Jewish Nation but brought to passe by severall judgements and the like interpretation may be made here The first Viall brings a noisom Boyl upon the worshippers of the Beast this was the sixth plague of Egypt but here the first for that plague in Egypt came home to Iannes and Iambers the Magicians that they could not stand before Moses Exod. 9.11 And that both this and all the rest might be shewed to reach home even to the veriest deceivers and ringleaders of mischief in Antichristian Egypt this is justly set in the first rank The second and third here referre to the one plague of blood in Egypt and these exceed that For there all the rivers and ponds were indeed turned into blood but the Egyptians digged for water about the river to drink Exod. 7.24 and found it and it was not turned into blood The question and answer of Aben Ezra is pertinent It is said there was blood throughout all the Land of Egypt And the Magicians did so with their inchantments Now how could the Magicians turn water into blood when there was no water left but all was blood And he answers Aaron only turned the waters that were above ground into blood not those that were under ground but here sea and rivers and fountains and all are become blood still to shew how throughly the plagues should come home At these plagues there is mention of the Angel of the waters ver 5. which since all the Angels here are characted in the garb of Priests as hath been said may also be understood as alluding to that Priest whose office it was to have care of the waters and to look that there should be water enough and fitting for the people to drink that came up to the three Festivals Among the offices of the Priests at the Temple this was one Maym. in Kele Mikdash per. 7. and Nicodemus whom the Talmud speaks of was of this office Aboth R. Nathan per. 6. The fourth Viall poured into the sunne brings scorching heat this seems to allude to Ioshua's or Deborah's day when the starres from heaven fought the sunne standing still so long did not only give light to Israel but probably heat and faintnesse to the Canaanites and Psal. 121 6 seems to referre thither The sun shall not smite thee by day As in the fourth they are plagued by the sun so in the fifth by want of it The seat of the Beast darkened as Pharoahs Throne and Kingdome was and this darknesse bringing horrour and pains as Egypts did through dreadfull apparitions in the dark The drying up of Euphrates for the Kings of the East under the sixth Viall seems to speak much to the tenour of the sixth Trumpet the loosing of the four Angels which were bound at Euphrates Those we conceived the Turks to plague Christendom these we may conceive enemies to plague Antichrist The allusion in the former seems to be to the four Kings from beyond Euphrates that came to scourge Canaan Gen. 14. this to the draining of Euphrates for Cyrus and Darius to take Babylon For having to treat here of a Babylon as ver 19. the scene is best represented as being laid at the old Babylon Now the Historians that mention the taking of Babylon by Cyrus tell us it was by draining the great stream of Euphrates by cutting it into many little channels The Egyptian plague of frogs is here translated into another tenour and that more dangerous three unclean spirits like frogs come out of the mouth of the Dragon Beast and false Prophet spirits of devils working miracles c. This is named betwixt the sixth and seventh Viall though the acting of the delusions by miracles were all the time of the Beast and false Prophet because of the judgement now coming for though all deluders and deluded received their judgements in their severall ages yet being here speaking of the last judgements of Antichrist they are all summed together He is here called the false Prophet as being the great deluder of all The fruit of all these delusions is to set men to fight against God whose end is set forth by allusion to the Army of Iabin King of Canaan Iudg. 5.19 broken at the waters of Megiddo The word Armageddon signifies a mountain of men cut in pieces Here that solemn caution is inserted Behold I come as a thief Blessed is he that watcheth and keepeth his garments The Priest that walked the round of the Temple guards by night had torches born before him and if he found any asleep upon the guard he burnt his cloathes with the torches Middoth per. 1. halac 2. The seventh Viall concludes the Beasts destruction The great City is said to be divided into three parts either as Ierusalem was Ezek. 5.11 12. a third part to pestilence a third part to the sword and a third part to dispersion and destruction in it or because there is mention of an Earthquake this speaks its ruining in generall as Zech. 14.4 5. A tenth part of it fell before Chap. 11.13 and now the nine parts remaining fall in a tripartite ruine REVEL CHAP. XVII MYSTICAL Babylon pictured with the colours of the old Babylon Rome so called as being the mother of Idolatry as Babel was the beginning of Heathenism and the mother of persecution Babylon destroyed Ierusalem so did Rome and made havock of the Church continually She is resembled to a woman dockt with gold c. as Isa. 14.4 sitting upon a seven-headed and ten-horned Beast as Chap. 13.1 Which Beast was and is not and yet is it shall ascend out of the bottomlesse pit and shall go to perdition Rome under the Papacy was not the same Rome it had been and yet it was Not Rome Heathen and Imperiall as it had been before and yet for all evil Idolatry persecution c. the same Rome to all purposes
the seven Vials in Chap. 16. in many things runne very parallel how farre they Synchronize will be best considered when we come there The first Trumpet sounding brings hail and fire and blood upon the earth and destroys grasse and trees a third part of them Fire and hail was the plague of Egypt Exod. 9.23 but fire and blood with hail is a new plague By these seemeth to be intimated what plagues should be brought upon the world by fire sword dreadfull tempest unnaturall seasons and the like The second Trumpet sounds and a great burning mountain is cast into the sea and the third part of it becomes blood The sea in the Prophetick language doth signifie multitudes of people as Ierem. 51.36.42 And Babylon that was Monarch was a burning mountain in the same Chapter ver 35. So that the Imperiall power seemeth to be the mountain here which made bloody and mischievous work not only by the persecution of Christians but even among their own people As Nero at present Vitellius instantly after Domitian Commodus and indeed generally all of them either bloodily destroy their own people or at least for their covetousnesse ambition revenge or humour bring disquietnesse oppression misery Warres and blood upon all the world in one place or other The third Trumpet brings the starre Wormwood upon the rivers and fountains of waters which seemeth to denote the grievous Heresies that should be in the Church which should corrupt and imbitter the pure springs of the Scripture and fountains of Truth A starre in the language of this Book is a Church-man Chap. 1.20 Ben Cochab was such a Wormwood starre among the Jews called most properly Ben cozba the lier And the phrase A starre falling from heaven alludes to Isa. 14.12 How art thou fallen from heaven O Lucifer c. The fourth Trumpet shews the darkning of the Sunne and Moon and Starres for a third part By which seems to be understood the wane and decay both in the glory of the Church by superstition and of the Empire by its divisions within and enemies from without and this before the rising of the Papacy which appears under the next Trumpet and these things were great advantages to its rising The darkning of the heavenly luminaries in the Prophets language signifieth the eclipsing of the glory and prosperity of a Kingdom or people Isa. 13.9 10. Ioel 2.10 How it was with the Church and Empire in these respects before that time that the Papacy appeared he is a stranger to History both Ecclesiasticall and Civil that remembreth not upon this very hint The three Trumpets coming are the Trumpets of Wo wo wo though these things past were very wofull but those much more that are to come REVEL CHAP. IX A Description of the Papacy under the fifth Trumpet Another starre falling from heaven and that a notable one indeed the He that hath the Key of the bottomlesse pit committed to him A vast difference from the Keys given Peter The Keys of the Kingdom of heaven The setting of these in their just distance and opposition will illustrate the matter before us When the world is to come out of darknesse and Heathenism to the knowledge of the Gospel Christ gives Peter the Keyes of the Kingdom of Heaven to open the door and let light come in among them for he first preached to the Gentiles Act. 10. 15.7 The world under the Papacy returns as it were to Heathenism again and not undeservedly for its contempt of the Gospel and unproficiency under it which is very fitly described by hell opened by the Keys of the bottomlesse pit and darknesse coming and clouding all The Claviger or Turnkey is The childe of perdition Abaddon and Apollyon a destroyer and one that is surely and sorely to be destroyed Chittim Italy or Rome afflicting and perishing for ever Num. 24.24 Antichrist of the second edition much augmented and inlarged The Jews the first as we observed at the second Epistle to the Thessalonians and this the second Antichrist at his full stature It is true indeed that Rome Heathen is one part of him but observe how little a part reputed in comparison of Rome Papish the starre fallen from heaven So that though that did wofull things yet you see the first wo is fixed here The way of his bringing wo upon the earth is by filling the world with smoke and darknesse of ignorance and humane traditions and inventions and out of this smoke come his locusts of his votary orders The locusts described much like those in Ioel 1. for their terrour and destroying only their having the faces of men speaks them men-caterpillers and their Nazarite-like hair long as the hair of women speaks them votaries or such as take on them vowed Religion Their trading is not with grasse or the green things of the earth as other locusts do but with men and they are locusts in name but scorpions in action wounding with the sting of their tailes the teacher of lies is the tail Isa. 9.15 but not killing leaving men indeed in a Religion and a profession of Christ but no better then a venomed and dying one The time of their tormenting is five moneths the time of locusts ravening ordinarily from the spring well shot forth to harvest This is the first wo. These locusts stings minde me of a story or two in the Roman History which let me mention here though I cannot apply them hither Dion in his story of the life of Domitian saith thus About that time divers began to prick many whom they pleased with poysoned needles whereof many died hardly feeling what was done to them And this was practised not only at Rome but almost through all the world And again in the life of Commodus About that time saith he there was so great a mortality that oft times there died two thousand in Rome in one day And many not only in the City but also through the whole Roman Empire were killed by mischievous men who poysoning needles pricked others with them as also it had been in Domitians time and so innumerable people died by this means But there was no greater plague then Commodus himself c. The sounding of the sixth Trumpet begins another wo. Four Angels loosed which were bound in Euphrates and come with a terrible Army and horses breathing fire and smoke and brimstone and having stings in their tailes c. The Turks and Mahumetans coming as a plague upon the Eastern part of the world as the Papacy on the Western These hurt with their tailes false doctrine as well as the other did in the former Trumpet but these have also heads in their tailes which the other had not for these hold out another Head and Saviour Mahomet REVEL CHAP. X. A Little Book in the hand of Christ speaketh the restoring of Religion and Truth after all the darknesse and confusions mentioned before The words in ver 6 7. do help to state the intent of this