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this_o court_n have_v no_o cognizance_n word_n which_o be_v actionable_a must_v immediate_o injure_v the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v either_o in_o his_o profession_n or_o bring_v he_o in_o danger_n of_o some_o punishment_n 8._o hob._n 8._o as_o to_o call_v a_o attorney_n bribe_v knave_n which_o be_v adjective_o speak_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o in_o his_o profession_n it_o be_v say_v at_o the_o trial_n in_o the_o common-plea_n that_o it_o be_v actionable_a to_o call_v a_o man_n papist_n at_o this_o time_n though_o it_o may_v not_o be_v so_o at_o another_o time_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a vain_a assertion_n for_o though_o the_o time_n may_v alter_v the_o law_n be_v still_o the_o same_o it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a great_a inconvenience_n if_o man_n shall_v be_v deter_v by_o action_n to_o call_v another_o man_n a_o papist_n for_o this_o will_v be_v a_o encouragement_n to_o popery_n and_o a_o check_n upon_o the_o protestant_a religion_n to_o 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the_o court_n of_o arch_n the_o case_n be_v ensue_v prohibition_n not_o grant_v where_o a_o temporal_a loss_n may_v ensue_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v present_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o bristol_n to_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o christ-church_n in_o the_o say_a city_n and_o the_o defendant_n libel_v against_o he_o because_o he_o be_v not_o 23_o year_n of_o age_n when_o make_v deacon_n nor_o 24_o when_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o order_n of_o a_o priest_n 12._o 13_o eliz._n c._n 12._o and_o the_o statute_n require_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v make_v a_o minister_n or_o admit_v to_o preach_v be_v under_o that_o age._n the_o reason_n now_o allege_v for_o a_o prohibition_n be_v because_o this_o matter_n be_v triable_a at_o law_n and_o not_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n because_o if_o true_a a_o temporal_a loss_n viz_o deprivation_n may_v follow_v but_o the_o court_n deny_v the_o prohibition_n and_o compare_v this_o case_n to_o that_o of_o a_o drunkard_n or_o ill_a liver_n 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plead_v a_o former_a recovery_n in_o barr_n if_o he_o be_v sue_v again_o and_o therefore_o one_o need_v not_o be_v so_o particular_a in_o assign_v of_o the_o breach_n upon_o a_o covenant_n as_o upon_o a_o bond_n for_o in_o a_o bond_n for_o performance_n of_o covenant_n where_o there_o be_v a_o covenant_n to_o repiar_n if_o it_o be_v put_v in_o suit_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o the_o house_n be_v out_o of_o repair_n but_o you_o must_v show_v how_o but_o in_o a_o covenant_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o repair_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v show_v what_o necessary_n be_v not_o provide_v for_o he_o 85._o kelway_n 85._o it_o will_v have_v make_v the_o record_n too_o long_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o find_v alia_fw-la necessaria_fw-la that_o case_n in_o 2_o cro._n 373._o 2_o cro._n 304_o 367._o 1_o rol._n rep._n 173._o 3_o bul_v 31._o 2_o saund._n 373._o have_v since_o be_v adjudge_v not_o to_o be_v law_n for_o many_o contrary_a judgement_n have_v weaken_v the_o authority_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o the_o breach_n may_v be_v assign_v as_o general_a as_o the_o covenant_n as_o where_o a_o man_n covenant_v that_o he_o have_v a_o lawful_a estate_n and_o right_o to_o let_v etc._n etc._n the_o breach_n assign_v be_v that_o he_o have_v no_o lawful_a estate_n and_o right_o to_o let_v etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o show_v that_o the_o lessor_n have_v not_o such_o right_a or_o that_o he_o be_v evict_v yet_o it_o be_v hold_v good_a curia_fw-la in_o a_o quantum_fw-la meruit_fw-la they_o formerly_z set_v out_o the_o matter_n at_o length_n but_o now_o of_o late_a in_o that_o action_n in_o general_a word_n and_o also_o in_o trover_n and_o conversion_n pro_fw-la diversis_fw-la aliis_fw-la bonis_fw-la have_v be_v hold_v good_a which_o be_v as_o
and_o that_o alien_n may_v bring_v wine_n into_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o all_o merchandize_n may_v be_v carry_v into_o ireland_n and_o export_v from_o thence_o which_o show_v that_o without_o such_o leave_n person_n can_v not_o trade_v thither_o and_o denizen_n can_v not_o import_v wine_n from_o those_o part_n the_o case_n of_o sole_a print_n be_v a_o manufacture_n and_o so_o not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n to_o restrain_v for_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o art_n and_o skill_n but_o when_o once_o it_o become_v of_o public_a concernment_n than_o the_o prerogative_n interpose_v it_o be_v a_o vain_a objection_n to_o say_v that_o every_o subject_a have_v a_o right_a to_o trade_n which_o right_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n for_o that_o law_n can_v give_v no_o such_o authority_n against_o any_o king_n prohibition_n for_o suppose_v a_o foreign_a prince_n shall_v forbid_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n to_o trade_n within_o his_o dominion_n what_o right_o can_v the_o common_a law_n give_v they_o so_o to_o do_v or_o suppose_v any_o foreign_a prince_n shall_v restrain_v trade_n to_o a_o peculiar_a number_n of_o man_n exclusive_a from_o the_o rest_n how_o will_v the_o common_a law_n help_v they_o so_o that_o if_o this_o trade_n depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n why_o may_v not_o the_o king_n of_o england_n prohibit_v his_o subject_n from_o use_v of_o it_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o make_v league_n and_o treaty_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o trade_n and_o can_v that_o right_n which_o the_o subject_n have_v at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v independent_a on_o this_o the_o question_n now_o be_v about_o the_o regulation_n of_o a_o trade_n by_o letter_n patent_n which_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o do_v 1._o by_o his_o prerogative_n 40._o 27_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 43_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 47_o e._n 3._o 1_o h._n 5._o num_fw-la 40._o for_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o league_n and_o treaty_n 2._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v allow_v such_o grant_n and_o from_o other_o act_n which_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o 12_o h._n 7._o 6._o 12_o h._n 7._o c._n 6._o a_o fellowship_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n in_o london_n make_v a_o order_n to_o restrain_v all_o person_n to_o sell_v at_o such_o a_o mart_n without_o their_o consent_n the_o statute_n of_o 3_o jacobi_n recite_v letter_n patent_n of_o the_o incorporation_n to_o certain_a merchant_n to_o trade_n into_o spain_n and_o 4_o jac._n 9_o 3_o jac._n c._n 6._o cap._n 9_o recite_v the_o like_a letter_n patent_n grant_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o exeter_n by_o the_o queen_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v what_o act_v of_o parliament_n have_v either_o take_v away_o or_o abridge_v the_o king_n prerogative_n the_o first_o be_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la viz._n that_o all_o merchant_n shall_v stay_v here_o nisi_fw-la publicae_fw-la antea_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la the_o meaning_n of_o which_o have_v be_v already_o explain_v the_o second_o statute_n be_v that_o which_o the_o defendant_n have_v plead_v in_o answer_n to_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o preamble_n of_o any_o statute_n law_n be_v the_o best_a expositor_n of_o it_o because_o it_o usual_o mention_n the_o occasion_n of_o its_o make_n and_o this_o act_n among_o other_o thing_n and_o petition_n recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o man_n of_o flanders_n that_o the_o staple_n of_o wool_n shall_v be_v at_o bruges_n which_o town_n have_v order_v that_o no_o wool_n shall_v be_v sell_v to_o stranger_n which_o be_v much_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o trade_a merchant_n now_o what_o be_v the_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n why_o the_o king_n grant_v that_o they_o may_v buy_v wool_n at_o such_o prize_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o carry_v it_o where_o they_o please_v let_v the_o sea_n be_v open_a etc._n etc._n so_o that_o this_o act_n have_v only_o a_o prospect_n to_o remedy_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o staple_n which_o have_v in_o no_o sort_n abridge_v the_o king_n prerogative_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o regulation_n of_o trade_n by_o the_o power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o turkey_n company_n when_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o one_o man_n to_o ruin_v all_o the_o effect_n of_o our_o english_a merchant_n there_o by_o a_o misdemeanour_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v look_v after_o very_o strict_o all_o argument_n which_o may_v be_v deduce_v from_o monopoly_n will_v have_v no_o influence_n upon_o this_o case_n because_o this_o grant_n do_v not_o bar_v the_o subject_a of_o any_o precedent_n right_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o since_o they_o be_v abridge_v in_o interest_n a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v mr._n contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la pollexfen_n contra_fw-la these_o letter_n patent_n extend_v to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o judgement_n if_o for_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v be_v that_o all_o merchant_n trade_v thither_o must_v be_v of_o this_o company_n or_o exclude_v from_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n now_o suppose_v that_o several_a man_n may_v be_v of_o this_o company_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o all_o merchant_n who_o trade_n into_o those_o part_n of_o europe_n shall_v be_v member_n thereof_o for_o where_o shall_v they_o meet_v to_o make_v by-law_n neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o other_o merchant_n who_o live_v remote_a from_o london_n will_v adventure_v their_o stock_n and_o estate_n with_o the_o citizen_n what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o clothier_n must_v they_o sell_v their_o cloth_n at_o the_o rate_v impose_v by_o this_o company_n the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v his_o subject_n from_o trade_v to_o particular_a place_n or_o that_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n nor_o whether_o he_o may_v make_v league_n and_o treaty_n for_o it_o be_v certain_o his_o prerogative_n nor_o how_o the_o staple_n be_v former_o which_o have_v be_v long_o since_o discontinue_v and_o not_o easy_a to_o find_v out_o nothing_o will_v follow_v from_o either_o of_o these_o consideration_n which_o may_v be_v of_o any_o use_n in_o this_o case_n but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o king_n can_v make_v such_o a_o grant_v exclude_v all_o other_o from_o trade_n for_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 7._o 6._o 12_o h._n 7._o c_o 6._o that_o no_o englishman_n shall_v take_v of_o another_o any_o fine_a or_o imposition_n for_o his_o liberty_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v the_o case_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n be_v not_o like_o this_o for_o they_o who_o argue_v then_o do_v admit_v that_o if_o the_o grant_v to_o that_o company_n have_v restrain_v the_o subject_n from_o trade_v to_o christian_a country_n it_o have_v be_v void_a but_o it_o only_o prohibit_v a_o trade_n with_o infidel_n with_o who_o we_o shall_v have_v no_o communication_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n lest_o we_o shall_v forsake_v the_o catholic_n faith_n and_o turn_v infidel_n for_o that_o reason_n it_o be_v hold_v good_a and_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v see_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n 296._o 2_o brownl_n 296._o as_o he_o tell_v we_o in_o michelburn_n case_n which_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o ed._n 3._o but_o a_o patent_n to_o exclude_v all_o other_o be_v void_a both_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o statute_n law_n as_o to_o the_o argument_n that_o the_o common_a law_n give_v no_o privilege_n to_o trade_n against_o the_o king_n prohibition_n because_o foreign_a prince_n may_v restrain_v the_o trade_n to_o a_o particular_a number_n of_o man_n can_v any_o inference_n be_v make_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v therefore_o restrain_v trade_n to_o a_o like_a number_n of_o man_n all_o patent_n prohibit_v trade_n be_v void_a 4.14_o 1_o rol._n rep._n 4._o 13_o h._n 4.14_o if_o a_o man_n will_v give_v give_v land_n in_o mortmain_n or_o will_v have_v a_o new_a way_n by_o take_v in_o the_o common_a highway_n this_o may_v be_v do_v with_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o the_o escheator_n or_o sheriff_n be_v to_o examine_v the_o fact_n and_o if_o it_o be_v ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la alterius_fw-la such_o a_o licence_n be_v void_a as_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o subject_a 222._o f._n n._n b._n 222._o and_o if_o it_o be_v void_a a_o fortiori_fw-la a_o grant_n to_o restrain_v trade_n must_v be_v so_o all_o engross_a and_o monopolise_v be_v void_a by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o one_o be_v a_o species_n of_o the_o other_o it_o be_v define_v by_o
be_v likewise_o insufficient_a for_o it_o set_v forth_o the_o deed_n of_o settlement_n etc._n etc._n coram_fw-la praetextu_fw-la the_o defendant_n juxta_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la positam_fw-la be_v possess_v of_o the_o office_n ad_fw-la eorum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la now_o a_o office_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o lie_v in_o grant_n 219._o 1_o leon._n 219._o and_o can_v be_v transfer_v from_o one_o to_o another_o without_o deed_n and_o here_o be_v no_o deed_n plead_v and_o as_o no_o estate_n at_o will_n can_v be_v grant_v of_o a_o office_n without_o deed_n so_o likewise_o there_o can_v be_v a_o deputation_n of_o such_o offce_n without_o it_o if_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o tenant_n at_o will_n of_o a_o office_n but_o by_o deed_n and_o no_o such_o deed_n be_v plead_v than_o mr._n lenthal_n have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v a_o deputation_n to_o cooling_n but_o neither_o tenant_n at_o will_n nor_o tenant_n for_o life_n can_v make_v a_o deputy_n if_o in_o the_o very_o grant_v make_v to_o they_o there_o be_v not_o a_o express_a clause_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n per_fw-la se_fw-la vel_fw-la sufficientem_fw-la deputatum_fw-la suum_fw-la the_o substance_n of_o all_o which_o be_v viz._n first_o here_o be_v no_o tenant_n at_o will_n but_o admit_v he_o to_o be_v so_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o make_v a_o deputy_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v appoint_v a_o deputy_n he_o execute_v the_o office_n without_o authority_n and_o may_v suffer_v escapes_n last_o by_o plead_v of_o this_o deed_n he_o have_v allege_v that_o the_o estate_n be_v in_o the_o trustee_n and_o that_o they_o permit_v he_o to_o enjoy_v the_o office_n coram_fw-la praetextu_fw-la he_o do_v execute_v it_o and_o receive_v the_o profit_n now_o this_o be_v too_o general_a and_o a_o issue_n can_v be_v take_v upon_o such_o a_o plea_n he_o shall_v have_v plead_v positive_o that_o it_o be_v demise_v to_o he_o at_o will_n and_o that_o he_o make_v a_o deputy_n and_o then_o also_o the_o authority_n in_o roll_n be_v against_o he_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v …_o 2_o rol._n ab_fw-la …_o that_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n may_v grant_v the_o office_n for_o life_n but_o can_v give_v power_n to_o such_o grantee_n to_o make_v a_o deputy_n now_o if_o a_o tenant_n for_o life_n can_v make_v a_o deputy_n certain_o a_o tenant_n at_o will_n have_v no_o power_n so_o to_o do_v but_o suppose_v a_o deputy_n may_v be_v make_v his_o neglect_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n shall_v make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o grantee_n for_o life_n it_o can_v be_v reasonable_o object_v in_o this_o case_n 155._o rol._n abr._n 155._o that_o it_o be_v any_o hardship_n for_o mr._n lenthal_n to_o lose_v this_o office_n for_o any_o defect_n in_o plead_v for_o admit_v the_o plea_n to_o be_v good_a yet_o there_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n because_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v a_o ministerial_a officer_n be_v require_v by_o law_n to_o be_v a_o person_n of_o such_o ability_n as_o to_o answer_v all_o escape_n that_o so_o man_n may_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o suit_n for_o otherwise_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o answer_v they_o may_v lose_v their_o debt_n now_o here_o by_o a_o secret_a grant_n mr._n lenthal_n have_v convey_v the_o estate_n out_o of_o himself_o and_o yet_o still_o continue_v officer_n in_o possession_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o people_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o remedy_n which_o the_o law_n provide_v for_o they_o and_o this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o forfeiture_n then_o as_o to_o the_o trustee_n they_o have_v not_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o escape_n it_o be_v true_a mr._n lenthal_n have_v traverse_v those_o which_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v voluntary_a but_o that_o signify_v nothing_o to_o they_o because_o they_o can_v take_v any_o benefit_n by_o the_o plea_n of_o another_o for_o every_o one_o must_v stand_v and_o fall_v by_o his_o own_o plea_n if_o therefore_o their_o non-attendance_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n the_o intruder_n shall_v not_o help_v they_o because_o they_o come_v in_o without_o any_o colour_n of_o right_n but_o the_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v this_o last_o point_n first_o contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la which_o be_v thus_o viz._n a_o man_n seize_v of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o office_n of_o marshal_n of_o this_o court_n convey_v it_o in_o trust_n the_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr trust_n enjoy_v it_o and_o receive_v the_o profit_n the_o question_n now_o be_v whether_o the_o non-attendance_n of_o the_o trustee_n be_v never_o require_v by_o the_o court_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o this_o office_n and_o as_o incident_a to_o this_o question_n it_o be_v debate_v whether_o mr._n lenthal_n be_v tenant_n at_o will_n it_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n for_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o attend_v it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o this_o office_n do_v concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v what_o estate_n mr._n lenthal_n have_v in_o it_o he_o have_v once_o a_o estate_n in_o fee_n but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v for_o life_n or_o in_o tail_n it_o may_v be_v settle_v as_o this_o be_v do_v but_o not_o for_o year_n because_o it_o may_v then_o come_v to_o a_o administrator_n if_o mr._n lenthal_n be_v the_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n 64._o co._n lit._n 404._o godb._n 64._o than_o he_o have_v a_o estate_n of_o which_o the_o law_n take_v notice_n for_o he_o may_v be_v a_o juror_n at_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o have_v a_o estate_n create_v by_o operatian_n of_o the_o law_n for_o he_o be_v tenant_n at_o will_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o attendance_n of_o the_o trustee_n be_v not_o necessary_a but_o if_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v direct_o grant_v to_o they_o than_o the_o office_n have_v be_v forfeit_v for_o non-attendance_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o this_o office_n may_v be_v grant_v at_o will_n for_o so_o be_v sir_n george_n reynell_n case_n 98._o 9_o co._n 98._o now_o if_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v at_o will_n by_o the_o possessor_n it_o may_v likewise_o be_v so_o grant_v by_o he_o who_o have_v a_o estate_n create_v by_o the_o law_n for_o fortior_fw-la est_fw-la dispositio_fw-la legis_fw-la quam_fw-la hominis_fw-la and_o in_o this_o case_n no_o inconveniency_n will_v happen_v for_o if_o the_o will_v be_v determine_v then_o the_o grantor_n be_v the_o officer_n when_o mr._n lenthal_n have_v assign_v this_o office_n to_o the_o trustee_n and_o they_o by_o a_o subsequent_a deed_n have_v declare_v it_o to_o be_v in_o trust_n for_o he_o and_o that_o he_o shall_v take_v the_o profit_n during_o life_n he_o have_v thereby_o a_o legal_a estate_n at_o will_n for_o a_o cestuy_fw-fr que_fw-fr trust_n by_o deed_n be_v a_o tenant_n at_o will._n it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o a_o tenancy_n at_o will_n of_o a_o office_n be_v void_a and_o to_o prove_v this_o a_o case_n in_o jones_n rep._n be_v cite_v 128._o jones_n 128._o but_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o case_n be_v guide_v by_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o that_o office_n which_o can_v not_o be_v alien_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n if_o this_o office_n be_v not_o alienable_a in_o its_o nature_n then_o mr._n lenthal_n have_v still_o the_o fee-simple_n but_o that_o will_v not_o be_v admit_v but_o this_o be_v not_o only_o a_o bare_a estate_n at_o will_n but_o a_o trust_n for_o life_n and_o such_o a_o trust_n which_o have_v a_o legal_a construction_n 6â—_n godbolt_n 6â—_n for_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v in_o trust_n that_o he_o shall_v convey_v the_o estate_n to_o another_o which_o the_o feoffee_n afterward_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o cestuy_a que_fw-fr trust_n may_v bring_v a_o action_n against_o he_o so_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v return_v on_o a_o jury_n it_o be_v no_o exception_n to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v not_o liberum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la and_o therefore_o he_o be_v not_o a_o incompetent_a person_n to_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o prison_n if_o he_o may_v be_v empanel_v on_o a_o jury_n to_o try_v man_n for_o their_o life_n 1._o then_o as_o to_o the_o first_o question_n upon_o the_o last_o point_n whether_o mr._n lenthal_n have_v do_v any_o thing_n to_o determine_v his_o tenancy_n at_o will._n the_o grant_n of_o this_o office_n by_o he_o to_o cooling_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o a_o determination_n of_o his_o will_n because_o it_o be_v a_o void_a grant_n it_o be_v true_a this_o be_v deny_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o comment_n upon_o littleton_n 71._o sect._n 71._o where_o he_o say_v if_o tenant_n at_o will_n grant_v over_o his_o estate_n and_o the_o grantee_n enter_v he_o be_v a_o disseisor_n for_o though_o the_o grant_v be_v void_a yet_o it_o amount_v to_o a_o determination_n of_o his_o will._n what_o
a_o new_a recovery_n debt_n will_v not_o lie_v e._n f.n.b._n 122._o e._n and_o to_o prove_v this_o there_o be_v and_o authority_n in_o fitzherbert_n where_o a_o prior_n have_v judgement_n for_o a_o annuity_n and_o bring_v a_o scire_fw-la fac._n upon_o that_o judgement_n against_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o parson_n who_o be_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o obtain_v a_o judgement_n upon_o that_o scire_fw-la fac._n to_o recover_v the_o arrearage_n and_o afterward_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o the_o last_o judgement_n and_o the_o book_n say_v fuit_fw-la maintain_v there_o be_v another_o case_n in_o 2_o leon._n 7.16_o 2_o leon._n 14._o 4_o leon._n 186._o 15_o h._n 7.16_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n will_v lie_v upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o a_o recognizance_n which_o objection_n may_v receive_v this_o answer_n first_o as_o to_o the_o case_n in_o fitzherbert_n it_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v law_n but_o it_o be_v not_o a_o authority_n to_o be_v object_v to_o this_o purpose_n because_o the_o first_o judgement_n for_o the_o annuity_n charge_v the_o successor_n but_o the_o original_a judgement_n in_o this_o case_n do_v not_o charge_v the_o husband_n so_o the_o case_n be_v not_o parallel_v the_o like_a answer_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o case_n in_o leonard_n for_o a_o recognizance_n be_v a_o judgement_n in_o itself_o and_o debt_n will_v lie_v upon_o it_o without_o a_o sci._n fa._n upon_o that_o judgement_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v argue_v contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la that_o the_o award_n of_o execution_n be_v absolute_a against_o husband_n and_o wife_n for_o it_o be_v a_o recovery_n against_o both_o whereas_o before_o it_o be_v only_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o wife_n but_o now_o it_o be_v joint_a against_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o the_o judgement_n upon_o the_o sci._n fa._n be_v a_o distinct_a action_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v indebt_v and_o marry_v the_o husband_n be_v chargeable_a during_o the_o coverture_n b._n bro._n ab._n tit_n baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr pl._n 27._o 49_o e._n 3.35_o b._n which_o show_v that_o by_o the_o marriage_n he_o be_v become_v the_o principal_a creditor_n as_o to_o the_o sci._n fa._n it_o be_v true_a at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n have_v recover_v in_o debt_n and_o do_v not_o sue_v forth_o execution_n within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n he_o must_v then_o bring_v a_o new_a original_a b._n 1_o h._n 5._o 5._o a_o 43_o ed._n 3.2_o b._n and_o the_o judgement_n thereon_o have_v be_v a_o new_a recovery_n but_o now_o a_o sci._n fa._n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n instead_o of_o a_o original_a and_o therefore_o a_o judgement_n thereon_o shall_v also_o be_v a_o new_a judgement_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o judicial_a writ_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o action_n because_o the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v any_o matter_n in_o bar_n of_o the_o execution_n upon_o the_o first_o judgement_n b._n 1_o inst_z 290._o b._n and_o it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o a_o release_v of_o all_o action_n be_v a_o good_a bar_n to_o it_o beside_o b._n rast_n ent._n 193._o 4_o leon._n 186._o dyer_n 214._o b._n a_o action_n of_o debt_n will_v lie_v upon_o a_o judgement_n on_o a_o sci._n fa._n which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v a_o action_n distinct_a from_o the_o original_a and_o upon_o such_o a_o judgement_n the_o defendant_n may_v be_v comit_v to_o prison_n several_a year_n afterward_o without_o a_o new_a sci._n fa._n the_o husband_n may_v have_v execution_n of_o a_o judgement_n recover_v by_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n without_o a_o sci._n fa._n 179._o 1_o mod._n rep._n 179._o for_o the_o judgement_n have_v make_v it_o a_o proper_a debt_n due_a to_o he_o and_o he_o alone_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o that_o judgement_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o a_o judgement_n and_o yet_o not_o be_v charge_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n when_o there_o have_v be_v a_o recovery_n against_o both_o in_o her_o life-time_n this_o be_v like_o the_o case_n where_o a_o devastavit_fw-la be_v return_v against_o husband_n and_o wife_n as_o executrix_n 337._o moor_n 299._o 3_o cro._n 216._o cro._n car._n 603._o sid._n 337._o and_o a_o judgement_n thereon_o quod_fw-la querens_fw-la habeat_fw-la executionem_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la propriis_fw-la the_o wife_n die_v yet_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v charge_v for_o the_o debt_n be_v alter_v if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o this_o inconvenience_n will_v follow_v that_o if_o the_o wife_n shall_v die_v 6.11_o f.n.b._n 121._o c._n 1_o rol._n abr._n 351._o 10_o h._n 6.11_o the_o husband_n will_v possess_v himself_o of_o her_o estate_n and_o defraud_v the_o creditor_n so_o that_o he_o take_v she_o but_o not_o cum_fw-la onere_fw-la but_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o for_o if_o a_o feme_fw-fr be_v lessee_n for_o year_n do_v marry_v and_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o and_o she_o die_v the_o husband_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o the_o rend_a arrear_n because_o he_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n by_o his_o marriage_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v marry_v a_o exerecutrix_n and_o then_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n be_v sue_v and_o judgement_n obtain_v against_o they_o to_o recover_v de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la testatoris_fw-la and_o thereupon_o a_o fi._n fa._n be_v award_v to_o levy_v the_o debt_n and_o damage_n and_o the_o sheriff_n return_v a_o devastavit_fw-la and_o then_o the_o wife_n die_v the_o husband_n be_v not_o chargeable_a because_o the_o judgement_n be_v not_o proper_o against_o he_o who_o be_v join_v only_o for_o conformity_n but_o if_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o devastavit_fw-la there_o have_v be_v a_o award_n of_o execution_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la propriis_fw-la that_o will_v have_v be_v a_o new_a judgement_n and_o the_o old_a one_o de_n bonis_fw-la testatoris_fw-la have_v be_v discharge_v 351._o 1_o roll._n abr._n 351._o and_o then_o the_o husband_n must_v be_v charge_v for_o the_o new_a wrong_n adjornatur_fw-la afterward_o in_o 1_o will._n &_o mar._n the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v bowyer_n versus_fw-la lenthal_n indebitatus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la quantum_fw-la meruit_fw-la ad_fw-la insimul_fw-la computasset_fw-la verdict_n valerent_fw-la for_o valebant_fw-la good_a after_o verdict_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o judgement_n by_o default_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o a_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n be_v bring_v and_o entire_a damage_n give_v and_o now_o the_o defendant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o it_o be_v argue_v that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o promise_n be_v ill_a judgement_n shall_v be_v reverse_v the_o error_n now_o assign_v be_v in_o the_o second_o promise_n viz._n that_o in_o consideration_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v let_v the_o defendant_n have_v meat_n drink_v and_o lodging_n he_o promise_v to_o pay_v so_o much_o quantum_fw-la rationabiliter_fw-la valerent_fw-la it_o shall_v have_v be_v valebant_fw-la at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o promise_v make_v sed_fw-la non_fw-la allocatur_fw-la so_o the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v de_fw-fr termino_fw-la paschae_fw-la anno_fw-la 4_o jac._n ii_o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1688._o wright_n chief_a justice_n holloway_n justice_n powel_n justice_n allibon_n justice_n powis_n attorney_n general_n wm._n williams_n solicitor_n general_n nota_fw-la wednesday_n may_v 2._o be_v the_o first_o day_n of_o this_o term_n sir_n bartholomew_n shower_v recorder_n of_o london_n be_v call_v within_o the_o bar._n heyward_n versus_fw-la suppie_n in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n which_o be_v to_o make_v such_o a_o assignment_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n advise_v covenant_n to_o make_v a_o assignment_n as_o council_n shall_v advise_v according_a to_o a_o agreement_n make_v between_o he_o and_o the_o defendant_n as_o council_n shall_v direct_v and_o advise_v and_o for_o non-performance_n thereof_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v the_o defendant_n plead_v non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la and_o judgement_n be_v obtain_v against_o he_o upon_o which_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v and_o the_o common_a error_n assgn_v it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n council_n shall_v give_v the_o advice_n because_o he_o be_v the_o person_n interest_v this_o objection_n be_v answer_v by_o mr._n pollexfen_n who_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v likewise_o a_o interest_n in_o this_o matter_n for_o it_o be_v a_o advantage_n to_o he_o to_o make_v the_o assignment_n that_o his_o covenant_n may_v be_v save_v it_o be_v true_a it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o make_v such_o a_o conveyance_n as_o council_n shall_v advise_v for_o then_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o covenant_n be_v make_v may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v have_v a_o feoffment_n
release_v or_o confirmation_n and_o then_o his_o council_n shall_v advise_v what_o sort_n of_o conveyance_n be_v proper_a but_o here_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o assignment_n and_o such_o as_o the_o party_n have_v agree_v on_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o give_v another_o such_o a_o release_n as_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o prerogative_n court_n shall_v think_v fit_a 8._o 5_o co._n 23._o lamb_n case_n 1_o rol._n abr._n 424._o pl._n 8._o the_o person_n who_o be_v so_o bind_v must_v procure_v the_o judge_n to_o direct_v what_o release_n shall_v be_v give_v because_o the_o condition_n be_v for_o his_o benefit_n and_o he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o perform_v it_o at_o his_o peril_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o man_n to_o have_v council_n on_o both_o side_n to_o put_v their_o agreement_n into_o method_n but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v leave_v general_o as_o council_n shall_v direct_v what_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o the_o defendant_n council_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v especial_o when_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o covenant_n he_o shall_v for_o a_o assignment_n be_v to_o be_v make_v as_o council_n shall_v direct_v and_o here_o be_v a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o must_v now_o be_v presume_v that_o the_o defendant_n council_n be_v first_o to_o give_v the_o advice_n and_o then_o he_o be_v to_o make_v the_o assignment_n e_o contra_fw-la contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la it_o be_v argue_v that_o first_o as_o to_o the_o verdict_n it_o be_v not_o material_o object_v in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o plea_n be_v non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la so_o that_o nothing_o of_o the_o special_a matter_n can_v come_v in_o evidence_n now_o admit_v this_o covenant_n to_o be_v general_a yet_o one_o of_o the_o party_n must_v make_v his_o choice_n of_o council_n before_o he_o can_v entitle_v himself_o to_o a_o action_n all_o deed_n be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o general_a intendment_n and_o therefore_o by_o this_o covenant_n his_o council_n be_v to_o advise_v to_o who_o the_o assignment_n be_v to_o be_v make_v 168._o 3_o bulstr_n 168._o for_o if_o the_o council_n of_o the_o defendant_n shall_v advise_v a_o insufficient_a deed_n that_o will_v not_o have_v save_v his_o covenant_n beside_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v not_o aver_v that_o council_n do_v not_o advise_v and_o therefore_o the_o defendant_n can_v not_o plead_v any_o thing_n but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la adjornatur_fw-la anonymus_fw-la a_o pleint_a be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o lord_n mayor_n court_n by_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la the_o return_v whereof_o be_v by-law_n exception_n to_o a_o by-law_n that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n incorporate_v and_o that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n there_o be_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o portage_n and_o unlade_v of_o all_o coal_n and_o grain_n come_v thither_o shall_v belong_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n etc._n etc._n that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o they_o to_o regulate_v any_o custom_n within_o the_o city_n etc._n etc._n then_o they_o set_v forth_o a_o act_n of_o common-council_n by_o which_o the_o porter_n of_o billingsgate_n be_v make_v a_o fellowship_n and_o that_o the_o metre_n of_o corn_n shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o porter_n to_o unlade_v such_o corn_n as_o shall_v arrive_v there_o and_o that_o no_o bargeman_n not_o be_v free_a of_o the_o say_a fellowship_n shall_v unlade_v any_o corn_n upon_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o 20_o s._n to_o be_v recover_v in_o a_o action_n bring_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n and_o that_o the_o party_n offend_v shall_v have_v no_o essoign_n or_o wager_n of_o law_n then_o they_o set_v forth_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la and_o the_o re-grant_a and_o that_o the_o defendant_n not_o be_v of_o the_o say_a fellowship_n do_v unlade_v one_o hundred_o quarter_n of_o malt_n etc._n etc._n sergeant_n thompson_n take_v many_o exception_n to_o this_o by_o law_n but_o the_o most_o material_a be_v 1._o it_o appear_v upon_o the_o return_n that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n have_v assume_v a_o authority_n to_o create_v a_o fellowship_n by_o act_n of_o common_a council_n which_o they_o can_v for_o it_o be_v a_o prerogative_n of_o the_o crown_n so_o to_o do_v and_o they_o have_v not_o aver_v or_o show_v any_o special_a custom_n to_o warrant_v such_o a_o authority_n 2._o they_o have_v make_v this_o by-law_n too_o general_a for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v carry_v and_o unlade_v his_o own_o good_n there_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o forfeiture_n in_o which_o case_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v except_v 3._o this_o act_n of_o common_a council_n prohibit_v bargeman_n not_o be_v free_a of_o the_o fellowship_n of_o porter_n to_o unlade_v any_o coal_n or_o grain_n arrive_v there_o and_o they_o have_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o malt_n unlade_v do_v arrive_v etc._n etc._n so_o they_o have_v not_o pursue_v the_o word_n of_o the_o by-law_n 4._o they_o say_v in_o this_o law_n 107._o godb._n 107._o that_o the_o person_n offend_v shall_v have_v no_o essoign_n or_o wager_n of_o law_n which_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a power_n and_o such_o as_o a_o inferior_a jurisdiction_n ought_v not_o to_o assume_v adjornatur_fw-la beak_n versus_fw-la thyrwhit_n there_o be_v a_o sentence_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n ship_n whether_o trover_n will_v lie_v for_o a_o ship_n after_o sentence_n in_o admiralty_n for_o the_o same_o ship_n concern_v the_o take_v of_o a_o ship_n and_o afterward_o a_o executrix_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n for_o the_o same_o the_o defendant_n after_o a_o imparlance_n plead_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conversion_n he_o be_v a_o servant_n to_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o a_o captain_n of_o a_o man_n of_o war_n call_v the_o phoenix_n and_o that_o he_o do_v seize_v the_o say_a ship_n for_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n she_o go_v in_o a_o trade_a voyage_n to_o the_o indies_n contrary_a to_o the_o king_n prohibition_n etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n these_o exception_n be_v take_v to_o this_o plea_n 1._o the_o defendant_n set_v forth_o that_o he_o be_v a_o servant_n to_o the_o king_n but_o have_v not_o show_v his_o commission_n to_o be_v a_o captain_n of_o a_o man_n of_o war._n 2._o that_o he_o seize_v the_o ship_n go_v to_o the_o indies_n contrary_a to_o the_o king_n prohibition_n and_o have_v not_o set_v forth_o the_o prohibition_n itself_o it_o be_v argue_v by_o the_o council_n contra_fw-la that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o this_o be_v the_o conversion_n for_o which_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v to_o the_o juisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n the_o matter_n be_v then_o under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o admiralty_n but_o as_o to_o the_o substance_n of_o this_o plea_n it_o be_v not_o material_a for_o the_o defendant_n either_o to_o set_v forth_o his_o commission_n or_o the_o king_n prohibition_n he_o have_v show_v enough_o to_o entitle_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n to_o a_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o cause_n and_o therefore_o this_o court_n can_v meddle_v with_o it_o for_o he_o express_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v a_o captain_n of_o a_o man_n of_o war_n and_o do_v seize_v this_o ship_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v be_v intend_v upon_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o the_o conversion_n may_v afterward_o be_v upon_o the_o land_n 685._o cro._n eliz._n 685._o yet_o the_o original_a cause_n arise_v upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v and_o must_v be_v try_v in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o it_o have_v already_o receive_v a_o determination_n there_o shall_v not_o again_o be_v controvert_v in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n the_o case_n of_o mr._n 785._o 3_o keb._n 785._o hutchinson_n be_v cite_v to_o this_o purpose_n who_o kill_v mr._n colson_n in_o portugal_n and_o be_v acquit_v there_o of_o the_o murder_n the_o exemplification_n of_o which_o acquittal_n he_o woduce_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v bring_v from_o newgate_n by_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la to_o this_o court_n notwithstanding_o the_o king_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o have_v he_o try_v here_o for_o that_o fact_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o he_o refer_v to_o the_o judge_n who_o all_o agree_v that_o he_o be_v already_o acquit_v by_o their_o law_n can_v not_o be_v try_v again_o here_o adjornatur_fw-la smith_n versus_fw-la pierce_n a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v in_o ejectment_n non-claim_a a_o term_n for_o year_n be_v devise_v for_o payment_n of_o debt_n the_o remainder_n over_o in_o tail_n he_o in_o remainder_n enter_v and_o levy_v a_o fine_a and_o settle_v the_o land_n upon_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n and_o die_v the_o wife_n survive_v and_o the_o debt_n not_o pay_v whether_o this_o term_n be_v bar_v by_o
which_o he_o claim_v he_o ought_v to_o show_v the_o other_o will_n by_o which_o it_o must_v appear_v that_o nothing_o be_v contradictory_n to_o it_o or_o that_o it_o do_v confirm_v the_o first_o but_o if_o presumption_n shall_v be_v admit_v it_o must_v be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n for_o nothing_o shall_v be_v presume_v to_o disinherit_v he_o afterward_o in_o trinity-term_n 5_o willielmi_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n to_o reverse_v that_o judgement_n but_o it_o be_v affirm_v anonymus_fw-la a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o a_o ejectment_n for_o land_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n in_o which_o a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v viz._n that_o r._n f._n common_a what_o word_n in_o a_o will_v make_v tenant_n in_o common_a be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o land_n in_o question_n who_o have_v issue_n two_o daughter_n frances_n jane_n frances_n have_v issue_n philp_n frances_n anne_n r._n f._n the_o father_n devise_v unto_o philip_n frances_n and_o anne_n the_o child_n of_o his_o daughter_n frances_n and_o to_o jane_n his_o other_o daughter_n the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o his_o manor_n of_o spain_n for_o thirty_o year_n to_o hold_v by_o equal_a part_n viz._n the_o three_o grandchild_n to_o have_v one_o moiety_n and_o his_o daughter_n jane_n the_o other_o moiety_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v die_v before_o the_o thirty_o year_n expire_v than_o the_o say_a term_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o survivor_n and_o if_o they_o all_o die_v than_o the_o same_o be_v devise_v over_o to_o other_o relation_n afterward_o he_o make_v a_o codicil_n in_o these_o word_n viz._n i_o give_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o my_o executor_n to_o let_v my_o whole_a land_n for_o the_o term_n of_o thirty_o year_n for_o the_o benefit_n and_o behalf_n of_o my_o child_n anne_n one_o of_o the_o granchildren_n die_v without_o issue_n frances_n another_o of_o the_o grandchild_n die_v but_o leave_v issue_n the_o first_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o power_n give_v to_o the_o executor_n by_o the_o codicil_n will_v take_v away_o that_o interest_n which_o be_v vest_v in_o the_o grandchild_n by_o the_o will_n mr._n appleton_n argue_v that_o it_o will_v not_o because_o the_o executor_n have_v only_o a_o bare_a authority_n to_o let_v it_o or_o improve_v it_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o child_n there_o be_v no_o devise_n of_o the_o land_n to_o they_o if_o power_n be_v give_v to_o executor_n to_o sell_v land_n it_o be_v only_o a_o authority_n and_o not_o a_o interest_n in_o they_o but_o a_o bare_a authority_n only_o to_o let_v be_v of_o much_o less_o importance_n 2._o after_o the_o testator_n have_v devise_v the_o profit_n of_o these_o land_n to_o his_o grandchild_n and_o daughter_n equal_o to_o be_v divide_v during_o the_o term_n and_o have_v provide_v that_o if_o any_o dye_n without_o issue_n that_o then_o it_o shall_v survive_v and_o if_o all_o dye_n then_o to_o remain_v over_o to_o collateral_a relation_n etc._n etc._n whether_o frances_n be_v dead_a but_o leave_v issue_n her_o interest_n shall_v survive_v to_o philip_n or_o go_v to_o such_o her_o issue_n as_o to_o that_o he_o hold_v that_o the_o testator_n make_v they_o tenant_n in_o common_a by_o equal_a part_n and_o therefore_o he_o devise_v it_o by_o moiety_n in_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o survivorship_n it_o be_v like_o a_o devise_n to_o the_o wife_n for_o life_n 185._o 2_o cro._n 448._o 1_o roll._n abr._n 833._o king_n versus_fw-la rumbal_n cro._n car._n 185._o and_o after_o her_o decease_n to_o his_o three_o daughter_n equal_o to_o be_v divide_v and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o die_v before_o the_o other_o than_o the_o survivor_n to_o be_v her_o heir_n equal_o to_o be_v divide_v and_o if_o they_o all_o die_v without_o issue_n then_o to_o other_o etc._n etc._n the_o daughter_n have_v a_o estate_n tail_n and_o there_o be_v no_o survivorship_n so_o in_o this_o case_n it_o shall_v never_o go_v to_o the_o three_o grandchild_n as_o long_o as_o any_o issue_n of_o the_o second_o be_v live_v on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o they_o be_v joyntenant_n and_o not_o tenant_n in_o common_a contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la for_o the_o testator_n have_v devise_v one_o moiety_n to_o his_o three_o grandchild_n joint_o by_o equal_a part_n that_o will_v make_v they_o joyntenant_n but_o the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o word_n in_o the_o will_v show_v they_o to_o be_v tenant_n in_o common_a for_o equal_o to_o be_v divide_v run_v to_o the_o moiety_n so_o the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v woodward_n be_v case_n the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 9_o pl._n church_n ornament_n be_v a_o personal_a charge_n upon_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o not_o upon_o those_o who_o live_v else_o where_o though_o they_o occupy_v land_n in_o that_o parish_n godb._n 134._o pl._n 4._o 152._o pl._n 29._o 154._o pl._n prohibit_n a_o citation_n out_o of_o the_o diocese_n wherein_o the_o party_n dwell_v except_o in_o certain_a case_n therein_o mention_v one_o whereof_o be_v viz._n except_o for_o any_o spiritual_a cause_n neglect_v to_o be_v do_v within_o the_o diocese_n whereunto_o the_o party_n shall_v be_v lawful_o cite_v one_o woodward_n and_o other_o who_o live_v in_o the_o diocese_n of_o litchfield_n and_o coventry_n but_o occupy_v land_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o peterborough_n be_v tax_v by_o the_o parishioner_n where_o they_o use_v those_o land_n for_o the_o bell_n of_o the_o church_n and_o they_o refuse_v to_o pay_v this_o tax_n a_o suit_n be_v commence_v against_o they_o in_o the_o bishop_n of_o peterborough_n court_n who_o thereupon_o suggest_v this_o matter_n and_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n because_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o this_o tax_n it_o be_v only_o for_o church_n ornament_n and_o a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v the_o reason_n give_v be_v because_o it_o be_v a_o personal_a charge_n to_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n only_o be_v liable_a and_o not_o those_o who_o only_o occupy_v in_o that_o parish_n and_o live_v in_o another_o but_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o church_n be_v a_o real_a charge_n upon_o the_o land_n let_v the_o owner_n live_v where_o he_o will_n de_fw-fr term._n sanct._n trin._n anno_fw-la 4_o jac._n ii_o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1688._o wright_n chief_a justice_n holloway_n justice_n powel_n justice_n allibon_n justice_n the_o bishop_n be_v case_n friday_n june_n 15_o the_o king_n have_v set_v forth_o a_o declaration_n for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n do_v on_o the_o four_o day_n of_o may_n last_o by_o order_n of_o council_n enjoin_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v read_v twice_o in_o all_o church_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v distribute_v it_o through_o their_o respective_a diocese_n that_o it_o may_v be_v read_v according_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o then_o be_v together_o with_o six_o other_o bishop_n petition_v the_o king_n set_v forth_o that_o this_o declaration_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o dispense_n power_n which_o have_v be_v declare_v illegal_a in_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o in_o honour_n or_o conscience_n make_v themselves_o party_n to_o the_o distribution_n and_o publication_n of_o this_o declaration_n who_o thereupon_o be_v summon_v before_o the_o king_n in_o council_n and_o refuse_v there_o to_o give_v recognizance_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n they_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n by_o warrant_n of_o the_o council-board_n the_o attorney_n general_n move_v for_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la retornable_a immediate_a and_o the_o same_o morning_n in_o which_o that_o motion_n be_v make_v sir_n edward_n hales_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n return_v the_o same_o and_o they_o be_v all_o bring_v into_o the_o court._n the_o substance_n of_o the_o return_n be_v viz._n that_o they_o be_v commit_v to_o his_o custody_n by_o warrant_n under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o the_o lord_n chanchellor_n jefferies_n and_o also_o name_v more_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy-council_n dominos_fw-la concilij_fw-la for_o contrive_v make_v and_o publish_v a_o seditious_a libel_n against_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n then_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o return_n may_v be_v file_v and_o that_o the_o information_n which_o be_v then_o exhibit_v against_o they_o for_o this_o crime_n may_v be_v read_v and_o that_o they_o may_v all_o plead_v instanter_fw-la sergeant_n pemberton_n mr._n finch_n and_o mr._n pollexfen_v oppse_v the_o read_n of_o it_o and_o move_v that_o the_o bishop_n may_v be_v discharge_v because_o they_o be_v not_o legal_o before_o the_o court_n for_o it_o appear_v upon_o the_o return_n that_o there_o be_v no_o lawful_a cause_n of_o
commitment_n and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n 1._o because_o the_o person_n commit_v have_v not_o any_o authority_n so_o to_o do_v for_o upon_o the_o return_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v commit_v by_o several_a lord_n of_o the_o council_n whereas_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v by_o so_o many_o lord_n in_o council_n or_o by_o order_n of_o council_n 2._o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v commit_v for_o this_o fact_n which_o be_v only_o a_o misdemeanour_n the_o bishop_n be_v peer_n and_o therefore_o the_o process_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o summons_n by_o way_n of_o subpoena_n out_o of_o the_o crown_n office_n and_o not_o to_o commit_v they_o the_o first_o time_n if_o a_o man_n come_v in_o voluntary_o he_o can_v be_v charge_v with_o a_o information_n neither_o can_v a_o person_n who_o be_v find_v in_o court_n by_o any_o process_n be_v so_o charge_v if_o it_o be_v illegal_a as_o if_o a_o peer_n be_v commit_v by_o capias_fw-la justice_n allybon_n reply_v that_o when_o a_o commitment_n be_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o this_o court_n his_o name_n be_v to_o the_o warrant_n but_o not_o his_o office_n it_o be_v not_o say_v committitur_fw-la per_fw-la capitalem_fw-la justiciarium_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o he_o be_v know_v to_o be_v so_o and_o why_o shall_v not_o a_o commitment_n by_o such_o person_n dominos_fw-la concilij_fw-la be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o commitment_n by_o sir_n rob._n wright_n capitalem_fw-la justiciarium_fw-la that_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o the_o officer_n to_o return_v his_o warrant_n and_o when_o that_o be_v do_v the_o court_n will_v presume_v that_o the_o commitment_n be_v by_o the_o power_n which_o the_o lord_n in_o council_n have_v and_o not_o by_o that_o power_n which_o they_o have_v not_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o mr._n finch_n that_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n always_o carry_v a_o authority_n with_o he_o to_o commit_v wherever_o he_o go_v in_o england_n but_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n have_v not_o so_o large_a a_o power_n for_o though_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o council_n always_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o always_o act_v in_o council_n then_o the_o statute_n of_o 17_o car._n 1._o cap._n 10._o be_v read_v in_o which_o there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o a_o commitment_n by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n etc._n etc._n but_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o that_o statute_n be_v to_o relieve_v against_o illegal_a commitment_n and_o those_o enumerate_v in_o that_o act_n be_v such_o only_a and_o none_o else_o and_o it_o be_v strong_o insist_v that_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n can_v be_v commit_v at_o the_o first_o instance_n for_o a_o misdemeanour_n before_o judgement_n and_o that_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v where_o a_o peer_n have_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o capias_fw-la which_o be_v the_o first_o process_n for_o a_o bare_a misdemeanour_n the_o constant_a proceed_n in_o the_o starr-chamber_n upon_o such_o information_n be_v 287._o crompt_v jurisdiction_n 33._o dyer_n 315._o 4_o inst_z 25._o regist_n 287._o viz._n first_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o person_n then_o if_o he_o do_v not_o appear_v a_o attachment_n go_v forth_o the_o king_n council_n answer_v hob._n sir_n baptist_n hick_n case_n hob._n that_o a_o peer_n may_v be_v commit_v for_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o which_o surety_n be_v to_o be_v give_v and_o can_v there_o be_v any_o great_a breach_n of_o the_o peace_n than_o a_o libel_n against_o the_o king_n and_o government_n it_o be_v certain_o such_o a_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o which_o surety_n ought_v to_o be_v demand_v for_o where_o there_o be_v any_o seditious_a act_n there_o must_v be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o if_o surety_n be_v not_o give_v then_o the_o person_n must_v be_v commit_v the_o objection_n be_v overrule_v by_o three_o judge_n then_o the_o information_n be_v read_v which_o in_o substance_n be_v viz._n that_o the_o king_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o prerogative_n do_v on_o the_o four_o day_n of_o april_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n publish_v his_o gracious_a declaration_n for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n which_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la that_o afterward_o viz._n 27_o aprilis_fw-la in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o king_n do_v publish_v another_o declaration_n recite_v the_o former_a in_o which_o he_o express_v his_o care_n that_o the_o indulgence_n by_o he_o grant_v may_v be_v preserve_v etc._n etc._n that_o he_o cause_v this_o last_o declaration_n to_o be_v print_v and_o to_o manifest_v his_o favour_n more_o signal_o towards_o his_o subject_n on_o the_o four_o day_n of_o may_n 1688._o it_o be_v order_v in_o council_n that_o his_o declaration_n date_v the_o 27_o day_n of_o april_n last_o be_v read_v on_o two_o several_a day_n in_o all_o church_n and_o chapel_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o that_o the_o bishop_n cause_n the_o same_o to_o be_v distribute_v through_o their_o several_a diocese_n etc._n etc._n that_o after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a order_n etc._n etc._n the_o bishop_n name_v they_o do_v consult_v and_o conspire_v among_o themselves_o to_o lessen_v the_o authority_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n and_o to_o elude_v the_o say_a order_n and_o in_o further_a prosecution_n of_o their_o say_a conspiracy_n they_o with_o force_n and_o arm_n do_v on_o the_o 18_o day_n of_o may_n etc._n etc._n unlawful_o malicious_o etc._n etc._n frame_n compose_v and_o write_v a_o libel_n of_o the_o king_n subscribe_v by_o they_o which_o they_o cause_v to_o be_v publish_v under_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o petition_n then_o the_o petition_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la in_o contemptum_fw-la dicti_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n council_n move_v that_o the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v instanter_fw-la for_o so_o they_o say_v be_v the_o course_n of_o the_o court_n when_o a_o man_n be_v bring_v thither_o in_o custody_n or_o appear_v upon_o recognizance_n but_o the_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n pray_v a_o imparlance_n and_o a_o copy_n of_o the_o information_n and_o argue_v that_o the_o defendant_n ought_v not_o to_o plead_v instanter_fw-la because_o their_o plea_n ought_v to_o be_v put_v in_o write_v and_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v time_n to_o consider_v what_o to_o plead_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n when_o they_o do_v not_o know_v the_o accusation_n and_o that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o court_n ancient_o be_v with_o they_o it_o be_v true_a when_o a_o subpoena_n be_v take_v out_o and_o the_o party_n do_v not_o appear_v but_o be_v bring_v in_o by_o capias_fw-la he_o shall_v plead_v instanter_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o he_o have_v give_v delay_n to_o the_o cause_n so_o it_o be_v likewise_o in_o case_n of_o felony_n or_o treason_n but_o not_o to_o a_o information_n for_o a_o misdemeanour_n then_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n 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defendant_n be_v peer_n of_o parliament_n and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v compel_v to_o answer_v this_o misdemeanour_n immediate_o but_o they_o ought_v to_o appear_v upon_o due_a process_n of_o law_n and_o upon_o their_o appearance_n to_o have_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o information_n and_o afterward_o to_o imparle_v and_o because_o they_o be_v not_o bring_v in_o by_o process_n they_o pray_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court._n this_o plea_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o end_n that_o what_o be_v deny_v before_o upon_o a_o motion_n may_v be_v settle_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n but_o it_o be_v over_o rule_v then_o they_o plead_v several_o not-guilty_a and_o be_v try_v at_o the_o bar_n a_o fortnight_n afterward_o by_o a_o middlesex_n jury_n and_o acquit_v anonymus_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o bond_n against_o the_o defendant_n bond._n
ought_v to_o be_v leave_v out_o and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o court_n and_o therefore_o a_o rule_n be_v make_v that_o he_o may_v discontinue_v this_o action_n without_o cost_v mordant_n versus_fw-la thorold_n hill_n 1_o &_o 2_o gulielmi_n rotulo_n 340._o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o scire_fw-la fac._n upon_o a_o judgement_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o viz._n ann_n thorold_n recover_v in_o dower_n against_o sir_n john_n thorold_n in_o which_o action_n damage_n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n 1._o 20_o h._n 3._o c._n 1._o sir_n john_n thorold_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o b._n r._n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v then_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o dower_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n for_o the_o damage_n and_o marry_a mr._n mordant_n and_o die_v before_o that_o writ_n be_v execute_v mr._n mordant_n take_v out_o letter_n of_o administration_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o bring_v a_o sci._n fa._n upon_o the_o judgement_n and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o will_v lie_v this_o depend_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o which_o enact_v that_o in_o all_o personal_a action_n 8._o 17_o car._n 2._o c._n 8._o and_o real_a and_o mix_v the_o death_n of_o either_o party_n between_o the_o verdict_n and_o the_o judgement_n shall_v not_o hereafter_o be_v allege_v for_o error_n so_o as_o such_o judgement_n be_v enter_v within_o two_o term_n after_o such_o verdict_n sergeant_n pemberton_n insist_v that_o this_o be_v a_o judicial_a writ_n and_o that_o the_o administrator_n have_v a_o right_a to_o it_o though_o the_o wife_n die_v before_o the_o profit_n be_v ascertain_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o plain_n sci._n fa._n upon_o a_o judgement_n which_o a_o executor_n may_v have_v and_o which_o be_v never_o yet_o deny_v though_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o case_n of_o the_o first_o impression_n the_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o it_o be_v true_a a_o executor_n may_v have_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o a_o judgement_n recover_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o testator_n by_o reason_n only_o of_o such_o recovery_n but_o this_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o what_o never_o be_v recover_v because_o the_o wife_n die_v before_o any_o thing_n be_v vest_v in_o she_o for_o the_o judgement_n will_v stand_v so_o as_o to_o effect_v the_o land_n but_o not_o for_o the_o damage_n curia_fw-la when_o a_o statute_n which_o give_v a_o remedy_n for_o mean_a profit_n be_v expound_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n now_o where_o entire_a damage_n be_v to_o be_v recover_v and_o the_o demandant_n die_v before_o a_o writ_n of_o enquiry_n execute_v the_o executor_n can_v have_v any_o remedy_n by_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o that_o judgement_n because_o damage_n be_v no_o duty_n till_o they_o be_v assess_v sed_fw-la adjornatur_fw-la de_fw-fr term._n sanctae_fw-la trin._n anno_fw-la 2_o gulielmi_n &_o mariae_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o reginae_fw-la in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1690._o shotter_n versus_fw-la friend_n &_o vxor_fw-la '_o hill_n 2_o willielmi_n rot._n 39_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o his_o wife_n declare_v upon_o a_o prohibition_n set_v forth_o court_n proof_n by_o one_o witness_n good_a in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n that_o john_n friend_n on_o the_o 13_o of_o october_n 22_o car._n 2._o make_v his_o will_n by_o which_o he_o bequeath_v to_o mary_n friend_n 10_o l._n to_o be_v pay_v to_o she_o within_o two_o year_n after_o his_o decease_n and_o that_o he_o make_v jane_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n shotter_n executrix_fw-la and_o die_v that_o the_o say_a executrix_n whilst_o sole_a and_o unmarried_a pay_v the_o say_a legacy_n to_o mary_n friend_n who_o be_v since_o dead_a that_o thomas_n friend_n the_o husband_n of_o the_o say_v mary_n do_v after_o her_o death_n demand_v this_o legacy_n in_o the_o consistory_n court_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o winton_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n plead_v payment_n and_o offer_v to_o prove_v it_o by_o one_o single_a witness_n which_o proof_n that_o court_n refuse_v though_o the_o witness_n be_v a_o person_n without_o exception_n and_o thereupon_o sentence_n be_v give_v there_o against_o the_o plaintiff_n which_o sentence_n be_v now_o plead_v and_o upon_o demurrer_n to_o the_o plea_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v a_o consultation_n or_o whether_o a_o prohibition_n shall_v be_v grant_v because_o the_o proof_n by_o one_o witness_n be_v deny_v by_o that_o court._n it_o be_v argue_v that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o consultation_n because_o matter_n testamentary_a ought_v to_o have_v no_o more_o favour_n than_o thing_n relate_v to_o tithe_n in_o which_o case_n the_o proof_n by_o one_o witness_n have_v be_v always_o hold_v good_a so_o it_o be_v in_o a_o release_n to_o discharge_v a_o debt_n which_o be_v well_o prove_v by_o a_o single_a testimony_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o for_o feoffment_n and_o lease_n may_v come_v in_o question_n which_o must_v not_o be_v reject_v because_o prove_v by_o one_o witness_n a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la come_v up_o to_o this_o case_n upon_o the_o suggestion_n whereof_o prohibition_n be_v never_o deny_v and_o the_o chief_a reason_n be_v because_o the_o spiritual_a court_n will_v not_o allow_v a_o modus_fw-la to_o be_v any_o discharge_n of_o tithe_n of_o kind_a the_o court_n of_o equity_n in_o westminster-hall_n give_v relief_n upon_o a_o proof_n by_o one_o witness_n so_o likewise_o do_v the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o the_o witness_n be_v a_o good_a and_o credible_a person_n it_o be_v true_a a_o prohibition_n shall_v not_o go_v upon_o a_o suggestion_n that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n will_v not_o receive_v the_o testimony_n of_o a_o single_a witness_n if_o the_o question_n be_v upon_o proof_n of_o a_o legacy_n devise_v or_o marriage_n or_o not_o or_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o original_o do_v lie_v in_o the_o cognizance_n of_o that_o court_n but_o payment_n or_o not_o payment_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n triable_a at_o the_o law_n and_o not_o determinable_a there_o if_o therefore_o they_o deny_v to_o take_v the_o evidence_n of_o a_o single_a witness_v a_o prohibition_n ought_v to_o go_v 608._o 2_o inst_z 608._o 2._o the_o sentence_n be_v no_o obstacle_n in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v no_o right_n to_o a_o prohibition_n until_o the_o testimony_n of_o his_o witness_n be_v deny_v and_o sentence_n thereupon_o give_v and_o this_o be_v agreeable_a to_o what_o have_v be_v often_o do_v in_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n as_o for_o instance_n 907._o cro._n eliz._n 88_o moor_n 907._o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v where_o the_o proof_n of_o a_o release_n of_o a_o legacy_n by_o one_o witness_n be_v deny_v so_o where_o the_o proof_n of_o payment_n of_o cythe_n for_o pigeon_n be_v deny_v upon_o the_o like_a testimony_n 22._o cro._n eliz._n 666._o moor_n 413._o 2_o rol._n rep._n 439._o 2_o rol_o abr._n 300._o pl._n 9_o 299_o pl._n 14_o 17._o yelv._n 92._o latch_n 117._o 3_o bul_v 242._o hutt_n 22._o so_o where_o a_o suit_n be_v for_o subtraction_n of_o cythe_n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o set_v they_o out_o and_o offer_v to_o prove_v it_o by_o by_o one_o witness_n but_o be_v deny_v a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v and_o general_o the_o book_n be_v that_o if_o the_o spiritual_a court_n refuse_v such_o proof_n which_o be_v allow_v at_o the_o common_a law_n they_o shall_v be_v prohibit_v there_o be_v one_o case_n against_o this_o opinion_n which_o be_v that_o of_o roberts_n in_o 12_o co._n 65._o 12_o co._n 65._o rep._n but_o it_o be_v only_o a_o bare_a surmise_n and_o of_o little_a authority_n those_o who_o argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o a_o consultation_n shall_v go_v contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n 1._o because_o a_o prohibition_n be_v pray_v after_o sentence_n 2._o because_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n have_v a_o original_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o testamentary_a thing_n as_o to_o the_o first_o point_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o that_o court_n proceed_v contrary_a to_o those_o rule_n which_o be_v use_v and_o practise_v at_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o no_o prohibition_n ought_v to_o go_v after_o sentence_n but_o the_o proper_a remedy_n be_v a_o appeal_n 2._o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o that_o court_n have_v cognizance_n of_o the_o principal_a matter_n in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v a_o legacy_n and_o payment_n or_o not_o be_v a_o thing_n collateral_a now_o wherever_o they_o have_v a_o proper_a jurisdiction_n of_o a_o cause_n both_o that_o and_o all_o its_o dependence_n shall_v be_v try_v according_a to_o their_o law_n which_o reject_v the_o proof_n by_o a_o single_a witness_n
first_o son_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v simon_n leach_n my_o brother_n lawful_o to_o be_v beget_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o such_o first_o son_n lawful_o to_o be_v beget_v with_o like_a remainder_n in_o tail_n male_a to_o the_o second_o three_o four_o etc._n etc._n son_n and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o sir_n simon_n leach_n my_o kinsman_n be_v son_n and_o heir_n of_o simon_n leach_n of_o cadley_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n '_o esquire_n decease_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o to_o be_v beget_v and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i_o the_o say_v nicholas_n leach_n for_o ever_o they_o find_v that_o nicholas_n leach_n die_v without_o issue_n that_o simon_n leach_n his_o brother_n and_o heir_n with_o remainder_n over_o in_o contingency_n as_o aforesaid_a enter_v and_o afterward_o marry_v anne_n the_o daughter_n of_o unton_n croke_n and_o that_o after_o the_o say_a marriage_n viz._n 20_o august_n 25_o car._n 2._o he_o execute_v a_o deed_n purport_v a_o bear_v *_o two_o month_n before_o a_o son_n be_v bear_v surrender_n of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o tenement_n to_o sir_n simon_n leach_n in_o manner_n follow_v viz._n to_o all_o christian_a people_n etc._n etc._n i_o simon_n leach_n of_o elsefield_n in_o the_o county_n of_o oxon_n esquire_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o the_o say_v simon_n leach_n for_o divers_a good_a cause_n and_o valuable_a consideration_n i_o hereunto_o move_v have_v grant_v surrender_v remised_a release_v and_o for_o ever_o quit_v claim_v and_o confirm_v and_o by_o these_o present_n do_v grant_v surrender_n remise_v release_v and_o for_o ever_o quit_v claim_n and_o confirm_v unto_o sir_n simon_n leach_n of_o cadley_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o assign_v for_o ever_o all_o and_o every_o the_o manor_n etc._n etc._n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o same_o to_o the_o say_a sir_n simon_n leach_n for_o ever_o they_o find_v that_o simon_n leach_n brother_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o seal_n and_o delivery_n of_o the_o say_v surrender_v that_o on_o the_o 10_o day_n of_o november_n 25_o car._n 2._o which_o be_v two_o month_n after_o this_o surrender_n make_v the_o say_a simon_n leach_n have_v issue_n of_o his_o body_n charles_n leach_n who_o be_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n that_o he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n enter_v and_o make_v a_o lease_n to_o tompson_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o he_o be_v possess_v until_o the_o defendant_n sir_n simon_n leach_n enter_v upon_o he_o etc._n etc._n two_o question_n be_v make_v upon_o this_o special_a verdict_n 1._o whether_o this_o surrender_n by_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la be_v void_a ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o so_o can_v pass_v no_o estate_n to_o the_o surrendree_n for_o if_o so_o then_o though_o the_o idiot_n himself_o be_v estop_v by_o his_o own_o act_n yet_o that_o can_v be_v no_o bar_n to_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n because_o the_o act_n be_v void_a the_o estate_n in_o law_n still_o remain_v in_o he_o 2._o if_o it_o be_v not_o void_a in_o its_o self_n then_o whether_o it_o be_v voidable_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n by_o charles_n leach_n he_o claim_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o collateral_a remainder_n and_o not_o as_o heir_n at_o law_n to_o the_o devisor_n as_o to_o the_o first_o point_v it_o be_v argue_v that_o the_o case_n of_o lunatic_n and_o infant_n go_v hand_n in_o hand_n and_o that_o the_o same_o reason_n govern_v both_o that_o the_o law_n be_v clear_a that_o a_o surrender_v make_v by_o a_o infant_n be_v void_a therefore_o a_o surrender_n make_v by_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la be_v also_o void_a 10._o fleta_n lib._n 1._o c._n 11._o num_fw-la 10._o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o govern_v themselves_o and_o as_o fleta_n say_v semper_fw-la judicabuntur_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la b._n f.n.b._n 202._o a._n regist_n 238._o b._n if_o he_o make_v any_o conveyance_n of_o his_o land_n the_o law_n have_v provide_v a_o remedial_a writ_n even_o for_o himself_o to_o avoid_v his_o own_o alienation_n his_o feoffment_n be_v void_a 21._o 39_o h._n 6.42_o bract._n fol._n 12._o no._n 5._o fol._n 100_o 120._o brit._n cap._n 34._o fol._n 88_o perk._n 5._o pl._n 21._o and_o if_o warranties_n be_v annex_v those_o they_o be_v also_o void_a if_o he_o grant_v a_o rent-charge_a out_o of_o his_o land_n that_o be_v likewise_o void_a and_o if_o the_o grantee_n shall_v distrain_v for_o this_o rent_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o grantor_n his_o heir_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o and_o therefore_o by_o parity_n of_o reason_n this_o surrender_n must_v be_v void_a in_o fitzherbert_n tit._n grantee_n pl._n 80._o there_o be_v a_o case_n to_o this_o purpose_n viz._n a_o assize_n be_v bring_v against_o the_o tenant_n suppose_v that_o he_o have_v no_o right_n of_o entry_n unless_o under_o a_o disseisor_n by_o who_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o demandant_n be_v disseise_v the_o tenant_n plead_v that_o the_o suppose_a disseisor_n be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o demandant_n who_o heir_n he_o then_o be_v and_o that_o his_o say_a father_n make_v a_o feoffment_n of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o tenant_n with_o warranty_n and_o demand_v judgement_n etc._n etc._n the_o demandant_n reply_v that_o his_o father_n at_o that_o time_n be_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la and_o the_o tenant_n be_v compel_v to_o rejoin_v and_o take_v issue_n upon_o the_o insanity_n which_o show_v that_o if_o he_o be_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la he_o can_v not_o have_v make_v such_o a_o feoffment_n so_o if_o he_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n and_o afterward_o take_v back_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n 23._o fitz._n remitter_n pl._n 23._o the_o non_fw-la compos_fw-la shall_v be_v remit_v to_o his_o ancient_a title_n which_o show_v likewise_o that_o such_o feoffment_n be_v void_a for_o the_o remitter_n suppose_v a_o former_a right_n it_o be_v incongruous_a to_o say_v that_o act_v do_v by_o person_n of_o no_o discretion_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o valid_a in_o the_o law_n such_o be_v infant_n and_o lunatic_n and_o it_o stand_v with_o great_a reason_n that_o what_o they_o do_v shall_v be_v void_a especial_o when_o it_o go_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o estate_n therefore_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o if_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la release_v his_o right_n that_o shall_v not_o bar_v the_o king_n in_o his_o life_n time_n but_o he_o shall_v seize_v the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o die_v his_o heir_n may_v bring_v the_o writ_n dum_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la and_o may_v enter_v it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o a_o release_v make_v by_o a_o infant_n executor_n be_v no_o bar_n because_o it_o work_v in_o destruction_n of_o his_o interest_n 10._o 5_o co._n 27._o russel_n be_v case_n 34_o ass_n pl._n 10._o the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o where_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la make_v a_o feoffment_n for_o that_o likewise_o destroy_v his_o estate_n so_o likewise_o a_o infant_n can_v neither_o surrender_v a_o future_a interest_n by_o his_o acceptance_n of_o a_o new_a lease_n 502._o cro._n car._n 502._o nor_o make_v a_o absolute_a surrender_n of_o a_o term_n of_o which_o he_o be_v possess_v for_o such_o a_o surrender_n by_o deed_n be_v void_a it_o be_v agree_v that_o if_o a_o man_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la make_v a_o feoffment_n by_o letter_n of_o attorney_n it_o be_v mere_o void_a because_o it_o be_v not_o deliver_v to_o the_o feoffee_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o feoffor_a but_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o he_o in_o person_n then_o it_o be_v only_o voidable_a at_o any_o time_n by_o action_n or_o entry_n 102._o finch_n be_v law_n 102._o and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v sir_n henry_n finch_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o law_n who_o in_o the_o margin_n of_o his_o book_n quote_v several_a authority_n in_o the_o year_n book_n to_o justify_v this_o opinion_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n he_o cite_v sir_n anthony_n fitzherbert_n natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la 10._o 35_o ass_n pl._n 10._o who_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o old_a authority_n seem_v to_o reject_v their_o reason_n who_o affirm_v a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la shall_v not_o avoid_v his_o own_o act_n when_o he_o recover_v his_o memory_n because_o he_o can_v then_o tell_v what_o he_o do_v when_o he_o be_v in_o his_o former_a condition_n but_o certain_o when_o he_o recover_v his_o judgement_n he_o be_v then_o of_o ability_n to_o consider_v what_o be_v do_v during_o his_o insanity_n and_o to_o avoid_v such_o act_n by_o show_v how_o his_o indisposition_n come_v by_o the_o
not_o avoid_v such_o act_n do_v by_o their_o ancestor_n as_o well_o as_o privy_n in_o blood_n because_o the_o incapacity_n of_o the_o grantor_n go_v to_o both_o those_o who_o argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o the_o act_n of_o infant_n and_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la be_v not_o void_a in_o themselves_o but_o only_o voidable_a contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la it_o be_v true_a some_o deed_n make_v by_o a_o infant_n be_v void_a not_o mere_o 502._o cro._n car._n 502._o because_o execute_v by_o he_o for_o some_o be_v good_a and_o those_o only_o be_v void_a which_o be_v make_v to_o his_o prejudice_n such_o also_o be_v void_a which_o give_v authority_n to_o a_o three_o person_n to_o do_v a_o act_n as_o if_o a_o infant_n enter_v into_o a_o bond_n 141._o perk._n sect._n 139._o march_n 141._o and_o give_v it_o to_o a_o stranger_n to_o deliver_v to_o the_o obligee_n when_o he_o shall_v attain_v his_o full_a age_n this_o be_v void_a because_o the_o person_n derive_v his_o authority_n from_o a_o infant_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o nonage_n can_v not_o give_v such_o a_o power_n but_o if_o the_o infant_n himself_o have_v deliver_v the_o bond_n to_o the_o obligee_n it_o have_v be_v only_o voidable_a 259._o lit._n sect._n 259._o the_o father_n of_o the_o demandant_n be_v a_o infant_n when_o he_o sell_v his_o estate_n 3.34_o 46_o e._n 3.34_o his_o son_n bring_v the_o writ_n dum_fw-la fuit_fw-la infra-aetatem_a against_o the_o alienee_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v good_a which_o will_v not_o have_v be_v allow_v if_o the_o grant_n have_v be_v void_a all_o the_o old_a authority_n prove_v that_o the_o act_n of_o infant_n and_o idiot_n be_v not_o void_a but_o voidable_a if_o a_o infant_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o obligation_n it_o be_v not_o void_a 483._o cro._n eliz._n 127._o 2_o inst_z 483._o for_o he_o may_v agree_v to_o it_o when_o of_o age_n he_o can_v plead_v non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la and_o he_o may_v refuse_v to_o plead_v his_o infancy_n if_o he_o be_v entitle_v to_o a_o term_n for_o year_n 502._o cro._n eliz._n 126._o cro._n car._n 502._o and_o make_v a_o surrender_n by_o the_o acceptance_n of_o a_o new_a lease_n it_o be_v good_a if_o it_o be_v for_o his_o advantage_n either_o by_o the_o lessen_v of_o the_o rent_n or_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o term_n but_o if_o he_o have_v no_o benefit_n by_o it_o it_o be_v voidable_a only_a so_o he_o may_v purchase_v land_n because_o the_o law_n intend_v it_o for_o his_o benefit_n and_o he_o can_v receive_v no_o damage_n by_o such_o a_o purchase_n for_o he_o may_v either_o perfect_a or_o avoid_v it_o at_o his_o full_a age_n which_o show_v that_o such_o act_n be_v not_o voidable_a ab_fw-la intio_fw-la but_o only_o voidable_a as_o the_o case_n shall_v require_v the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o enact_n 10._o 23_o h._n 6._o c._n 10._o that_o sheriff_n shall_v take_v no_o bond_n upon_o a_o arrest_n but_o for_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o party_n and_o to_o themselves_o only_o and_o that_o a_o bond_n otherwise_o take_v colore_fw-la officii_fw-la shall_v be_v void_a that_o be_v not_o in_o its_o self_n but_o by_o plead_v the_o statute_n for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v by_o plead_v non_fw-fr est_fw-fr factum_fw-la so_o upon_o the_o statute_n of_o addition_n a._n 1_o h._n 5._o c._n 5._o 3_o co._n 59_o a._n where_o a_o man_n be_v outlaw_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o his_o condition_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n in_o the_o original_a writ_n such_o outlawry_n shall_v be_v void_a not_o of_o its_o self_n but_o it_o may_v be_v avoid_v by_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v many_o authority_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o act_n of_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la be_v not_o void_a but_o voidable_a so_o be_v the_o first_o resolution_n in_o beverly_n be_v case_n that_o a_o deed_n or_o feoffment_n make_v by_o he_o be_v to_o be_v avoid_v by_o any_o other_o person_n but_o not_o by_o himself_o thus_o stand_v the_o law_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 10._o 35_o ass_n pl._n 10._o 3._o for_o in_o a_o assize_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v release_v to_o he_o by_o deed_n who_o reply_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o deed_n he_o be_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n seem_v then_o to_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o replication_n be_v not_o good_a which_o show_v that_o the_o deed_n in_o its_o self_n be_v not_o void_a it_o be_v true_a the_o assize_n be_v then_o adjourn_v because_o that_o opinion_n be_v direct_o against_o the_o register_n which_o be_v that_o the_o writ_n of_o dum_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la compos_fw-la may_v be_v bring_v by_o the_o person_n himself_o notwithstanding_o his_o own_o alienation_n but_o this_o have_v since_o be_v deny_v to_o be_v law_n 398._o cro._n eliz._n 398._o for_o in_o debt_n upon_o bond_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o be_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n the_o plea_n be_v overrule_v and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v sir_n william_n herle_v chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o 5_o e._n 3.70_o 5_o e._n 3.70_o 3._o which_o be_v long_o before_o the_o book_n of_o assize_n so_o the_o law_n continue_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 42._o 35_o h._n 6._o f._n 42._o 6._o viz._n that_o the_o person_n himself_o can_v not_o avoid_v his_o own_o feoffment_n either_o by_o entry_n or_o action_n the_o writ_n de_fw-fr ideota_fw-la inquirendo_fw-la and_o dum_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la compos_fw-la import_v the_o same_o thing_n viz._n that_o act_v do_v by_o they_o be_v not_o void_a for_o the_o first_o recite_v that_o the_o idiot_n alienavit_fw-la and_o the_o other_o that_o the_o lunatic_n 34._o *_o dimisit_fw-la be_v there_o intend_a where_o the_o estate_n be_v convey_v by_o livery_n or_o for_o life_n and_o alienavit_fw-la be_v a_o conveyance_n by_o feoffment_n 17_o e._n 2._o stamf._n praerog_n 34._o dimisit_fw-la terras_fw-la now_o if_o their_o act_n have_v be_v void_a ab_fw-la initio_fw-la than_o they_o can_v be_v suppose_v either_o to_o alien_n or_o lease_n their_o land_n which_o show_v that_o such_o act_n be_v only_o voidable_a and_o as_o a_o far_a argument_n to_o enforce_v this_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr praerogativa_fw-la regis_fw-la be_v mention_v which_o give_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o idiot_n land_n to_o the_o king_n during_o their_o life_n provide_v that_o afterward_o it_o be_v give_v to_o their_o right_a heir_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la per_fw-la eofdem_fw-la fatuos_fw-la alienetur_fw-la now_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v these_o word_n add_v if_o such_o a_o alienation_n be_v void_a in_o itself_o beside_o the_o case_n of_o idiot_n mention_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o lunatic_n be_v not_o parellel_v for_o a_o idiot_n have_v a_o different_a incapacity_n from_o one_o non_fw-la compos_fw-la it_o be_v perpetual_a in_o a_o idiot_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o law_n give_v the_o king_n a_o interest_n in_o he_o but_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la may_v recover_v his_o sense_n 53._o co._n lit._n 2._o b._n fitz._n tit_n issue_n 53._o he_o may_v purchase_v land_n may_v grant_v a_o rent-charge_n out_o of_o his_o estate_n and_o shall_v not_o plead_v his_o insanity_n to_o defeat_v his_o own_o act_n if_o therefore_o this_o surrender_n be_v not_o void_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o execution_n thereof_o but_o voidable_o only_a during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o surrenderor_n by_o office_n find_v then_o the_o question_n can_v proper_o be_v whether_o the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v avoid_v it_o for_o that_o will_v be_v to_o revest_v the_o estate_n in_o some_o body_n but_o the_o surrender_n be_v good_a and_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v utter_o determine_v so_o that_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o support_v the_o contingent_a remainder_n those_o be_v also_o destroy_v and_o to_o prove_v this_o chudleigh_n be_v case_n be_v rely_v on_o which_o be_v 120._o co._n 120._o sir_n r._n c._n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o hescot_n in_o devon_n and_o have_v issue_n christopher_n and_o three_o other_o son_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n on_o the_o body_n of_o mary_n than_o the_o wife_n of_o mr._n carew_n to_o be_v beget_v and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o last_o will_n etc._n etc._n for_o ten_o year_n and_o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o that_o term_n then_o to_o his_o feoffee_n and_o their_o heir_n during_o the_o life_n of_o christopher_n remainder_n to_o the_o issue_n male_a of_o christopher_n in_o tail_n with_o like_a remainder_n to_o his_o other_o son_n remainder_n to_o his_o own_o right_a heir_n he_o die_v without_o issue_n by_o mrs._n carew_n but_o before_o christopher_n have_v any_o son_n bear_v the_o
say_a feoffee_n make_v a_o feoffment_n of_o the_o land_n in_o fee_n without_o any_o consideration_n afterward_o christopher_n have_v issue_n two_o son_n now_o the_o use_v limit_v by_o the_o feoffment_n of_o sir_n r._n c._n be_v only_o contingent_a to_o the_o son_n of_o christopher_n and_o they_o not_o be_v bear_v when_o the_o second_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o their_o father_n the_o question_n now_o be_v whether_o they_o shall_v be_v destroy_v by_o that_o feoffment_n before_o the_o son_n have_v a_o be_v in_o nature_n or_o whether_o they_o shall_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o feoffee_n after_o their_o birth_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n that_o the_o last_o feoffment_n have_v divest_v all_o the_o precedent_a estate_n and_o likewise_o the_o use_v whilst_o they_o be_v contingent_a and_o before_o they_o have_v a_o existence_n and_o that_o if_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n which_o christopher_n have_v in_o those_o land_n have_v be_v determine_v by_o his_o death_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o any_o son_n the_o future_a remainder_n have_v be_v void_a because_o it_o do_v not_o vest_n whilst_o the_o particular_a estate_n have_v a_o be_v or_o eo_fw-la instanti_fw-la that_o it_o determine_v so_o in_o this_o case_n mr._n leach_n can_v have_v any_o future_a right_n of_o entry_n for_o he_o be_v not_o bear_v when_o the_o surrender_n be_v make_v so_o that_o the_o contingency_n be_v for_o ever_o go_v suppose_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o survivor_n the_o husband_n afterward_o make_v another_o feoffment_n of_o the_o same_o land_n 102._o cro._n car._n 102._o and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n enter_v the_o fee_n shall_v not_o vest_n in_o she_o by_o this_o entry_n for_o she_o have_v no_o right_n the_o husband_n have_v destroy_v the_o contingent_a use_n by_o the_o last_o feoffment_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o accrue_v to_o she_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n nay_o though_o the_o particular_a estate_n in_o some_o case_n may_v revive_v yet_o if_o the_o contingency_n be_v once_o destroy_v it_o shall_v never_o arise_v again_o as_o where_o the_o testator_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o house_n 380._o 2_o sand._n 380._o devise_v the_o inheritance_n thereof_o to_o such_o son_n his_o wife_n shall_v have_v after_o her_o life_n if_o she_o baptize_v he_o by_o his_o christian_a and_o surname_n and_o if_o such_o son_n die_v before_o he_o attain_v the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n then_o to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o devisor_n he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o widow_n marry_v again_o than_o the_o brother_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o any_o son_n convey_v the_o house_n thus_o viz._n to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o to_o their_o heir_n and_o levy_v a_o fine_a to_o those_o use_n afterward_o she_o have_v a_o son_n baptize_v by_o the_o testator_n christian_n and_o surname_n then_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n sell_v the_o house_n to_o one_o weston_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o levy_v a_o fine_a to_o those_o use_v it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o by_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o reversion_n by_o the_o brother_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr before_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o son_n her_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v merge_v and_o though_o by_o reason_n of_o her_o coverture_n she_o may_v waive_n the_o joint-tenancy_n villiers_n 2_o roll._n abr._n 796._o wigg_n versus_fw-la villiers_n and_o reassume_v the_o estate_n for_o life_n yet_o that_o be_v once_o merge_v the_o contingent_a remainder_n be_v all_o destroy_v curia_fw-la 502._o cro._n car._n 502._o the_o grant_n of_o infant_n and_o of_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la be_v parallel_n both_o in_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o there_o be_v express_a authority_n that_o a_o surrender_v make_v by_o a_o infant_n be_v void_a therefore_o this_o surrender_n by_o a_o person_n non_fw-la compos_fw-la be_v likewise_o void_a if_o a_o infant_n grant_v a_o rent-charge_n out_o of_o his_o estate_n it_o be_v not_o voidable_a but_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a for_o if_o the_o grantee_n shall_v distrain_v for_o the_o rent_n the_o infant_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o in_o all_o these_o case_n which_o have_v be_v cite_v where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o deed_n of_o infant_n be_v not_o void_a but_o voidable_a the_o meaning_n be_v that_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la can_v be_v plead_v because_o they_o have_v the_o form_n though_o not_o the_o operation_n of_o deed_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o void_a upon_o that_o account_n without_o show_v some_o special_a matter_n to_o make_v they_o of_o no_o efficacy_n therefore_o if_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n though_o it_o be_v void_a in_o itself_o yet_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v avoid_v by_o plead_v non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la but_o by_o show_v his_o infancy_n some_o have_v endeavour_v to_o distinguish_v between_o a_o deed_n which_o give_v only_a authority_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n and_o such_o which_o convey_v a_o interest_n by_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o deed_n itself_o that_o the_o first_o be_v void_a and_o the_o other_o voidable_a but_o the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o to_o make_v they_o both_o void_a only_a where_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v by_o a_o infant_n it_o be_v voidable_a because_o of_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o conveyance_n now_o if_o simon_n leach_n have_v make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n there_o have_v still_o remain_v in_o he_o such_o a_o right_n which_o will_v have_v support_v this_o remainder_n in_o contingency_n this_o surrender_n be_v therefore_o void_a and_o all_o person_n may_v take_v advantage_n of_o it_o afterward_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v this_o judgement_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n but_o it_o be_v affirm_v 150._o case_n adj._n 150._o hall_n versus_fw-la wybank_n the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n be_v 16._o statute_n of_o limitation_n whether_o it_o extend_v to_o the_o defendant_n be_v beyond_o sea_n six_o year_n 21_o jac._n cap._n 16._o that_o if_o any_o person_n be_v entitle_v to_o a_o action_n and_o shall_v be_v a_o infant_n feme_fw-fr covert_n imprison_v or_o beyond_o sea_n that_o then_o he_o shall_v bring_v the_o action_n at_o full_a age_n discovert_n of_o save_o memory_n at_o large_a and_o return_v from_o beyond_o sea_n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o indebitatus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la to_o which_o the_o defendant_n plead_v non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la infra_fw-la sex_n annos_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v all_o that_o time_n beyond_o sea_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o prosecute_v any_o writ_n against_o he_o etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n serjeant_n tremaine_n argue_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o bar_v by_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v suit_n by_o limit_v personal_a action_n to_o be_v bring_v within_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o it_o can_v be_v extend_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o defendant_n who_o be_v a_o debtor_n and_o beyond_o sea_n because_o it_o be_v incertain_a whether_o he_o will_v return_v or_o not_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n to_o begin_v a_o suit_n till_o his_o return_n it_o be_v true_a the_o plaintiff_n may_v file_v a_o original_a and_o outlaw_n the_o defendant_n and_o so_o seize_v his_o estate_n but_o no_o man_n be_v compel_v by_o law_n to_o do_v a_o act_n which_o be_v fruitless_a when_o it_o be_v do_v and_o such_o this_o will_v be_v for_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v file_v a_o original_a it_o be_v probable_a the_o defendant_n may_v never_o return_v and_o then_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v 1000_o l._n or_o upward_o he_o will_v be_v at_o a_o great_a expense_n to_o no_o purpose_n or_o if_o the_o party_n shall_v return_v he_o may_v reverse_v it_o by_o error_n it_o be_v a_o new_a way_n invent_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n for_o if_o the_o debtor_n go_v beyond_o sea_n and_o stay_v there_o six_o year_n their_o debt_n will_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v all_o pay_v the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o this_o case_n for_o the_o proviso_n be_v that_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v beyond_o sea_n when_o the_o cause_n of_o action_n do_v accrue_v 333._o cro._n car._n 246._o 333._o that_o then_o he_o have_v shall_v liberty_n to_o continue_v it_o at_o his_o return_n yet_o it_o be_v within_o the_o equity_n of_o law_n for_o he_o to_o bring_v his_o action_n when_o the_o defendant_n return_v who_o can_v be_v sue_v till_o then_o that_o statute_n have_v be_v expound_v according_a to_o equity_n be_v not_o now_o a_o new_a position_n 318._o 2_o roll._n rep._n 318._o for_o construction_n have_v be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o sense_n and_o meaning_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o many_o statute_n
that_o at_o the_o common_a law_n a_o man_n may_v exercise_v what_o trade_n he_o will_v therefore_o this_o statute_n be_v pen_v in_o the_o negative_a to_o prevent_v many_o inconvenience_n which_o happen_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n some_o authority_n there_o be_v where_o information_n have_v be_v bring_v upon_o this_o statute_n 312._o cro._n car._n 347._o 1_o sand._n 312._o and_o the_o defendant_n have_v plead_v the_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n for_o a_o man_n educate_v in_o one_o trade_n to_o exercise_v another_o and_o upon_o demurrer_n such_o plea_n have_v be_v overrule_v but_o reason_n in_o this_o case_n be_v the_o best_a authority_n journeyman_n who_o work_v for_o hire_n can_v be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o statute_n but_o the_o defendant_n by_o employ_v such_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o the_o trade_n and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v viz._n that_o he_o provide_v material_n and_o pay_v the_o workman_n and_o therefore_o he_o and_o not_o the_o master_n workman_n who_o be_v but_o a_o journy-man_n be_v the_o person_n who_o do_v exercise_v the_o trade_n not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n the_o management_n be_v for_o his_o profit_n the_o workman_n have_v no_o more_o but_o their_o wage_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o mischievous_a if_o the_o statute_n shall_v be_v otherwise_o construe_v a_o widow_n shall_v not_o exercise_v her_o husband_n trade_n 132._o hutt_n 132._o unless_o she_o be_v enable_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n and_o possible_o she_o may_v live_v so_o long_o with_o he_o as_o to_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o it_o but_o the_o act_n be_v pen_v in_o the_o negative_a must_v have_v a_o large_a construction_n and_o therefore_o a_o usage_n against_o it_o will_v not_o take_v away_o its_o force_n pay_v the_o wage_n be_v as_o much_o as_o use_v the_o trade_n himself_o it_o be_v proper_o his_o drive_v the_o trade_n by_o the_o hand_n and_o labour_n of_o his_o servant_n 22._o 1_o jac._n 1._o c._n 22._o and_o it_o seem_v plain_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o jac._n 1._o that_o this_o may_v be_v do_v for_o that_o statute_n enact_v that_o no_o person_n use_v the_o mystery_n of_o tan_v leather_n by_o himself_o or_o any_o other_o person_n shall_v exercise_v the_o craft_n of_o a_o shoemaker_n etc._n etc._n which_o show_v that_o the_o trade_n may_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o servant_n and_o workman_n a_o goldsmith_n never_o make_v his_o own_o plate_n he_o only_o provide_v material_n for_o the_o workman_n but_o yet_o he_o be_v a_o trader_n within_o the_o statute_n because_o he_o make_v profit_n of_o the_o plate_n a_o innkeeper_n who_o sell_v beer_n bread_n etc._n etc._n in_o his_o house_n be_v not_o within_o this_o statute_n because_o it_o be_v part_n of_o his_o trade_n to_o provide_v such_o thing_n for_o his_o guest_n but_o if_o he_o sell_v any_o quantity_n out_o of_o door_n 187._o 2_o bulst_n 187._o he_o be_v then_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o this_o law_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o very_a beneficial_a construction_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o maintain_v skilful_a man_n in_o trade_n which_o be_v for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o mankind_n 2._o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o who_o use_v one_o trade_n can_v exercise_v another_o therefore_o a_o coach-maker_n shall_v not_o make_v his_o own_o whéels_n if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v exercise_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o wheelright_a and_o so_o of_o the_o iron_n and_o leather_n and_o the_o other_o material_n which_o make_v up_o a_o coach_n in_o mr._n moon_n noy_n 133._o hunter_n versus_fw-la moon_n attorney_n noy_n be_v report_n there_o be_v a_o case_n of_o a_o information_n bring_v upon_o this_o statute_n against_o the_o defendant_n be_v a_o feltmaker_n for_o die_v of_o his_o own_o hat_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o he_o that_o it_o be_v part_n of_o his_o trade_n but_o this_o be_v but_o a_o single_a authority_n and_o many_o have_v be_v against_o it_o since_o that_o time_n at_o the_o assize_n in_o cambridge_n the_o like_a information_n be_v try_v against_o a_o comb-maker_n for_o exercisng_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o horner_n it_o be_v insist_v on_o that_o it_o be_v part_n of_o his_o trade_n for_o he_o fit_v the_o horn_n for_o his_o use_n in_o make_v of_o comb_n but_o there_o be_v a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o exercise_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o horner_n and_o the_o council_n for_o the_o defendant_n who_o be_v learned_a man_n do_v acquiesce_v under_o that_o judgement_n he_o who_o be_v a_o servant_n who_o undergo_v no_o hazard_n but_o be_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a reward_n for_o his_o labour_n do_v not_o exercise_v a_o trade_n but_o it_o be_v the_o master_n who_o employ_v he_o who_o have_v all_o the_o profit_n and_o who_o in_o this_o case_n sell_v at_o the_o same_o rate_n as_o if_o he_o pay_v the_o clothworker_n the_o statute_n say_v that_o none_o who_o have_v not_o serve_v as_o a_o apprentice_n in_o any_o mystery_n etc._n etc._n shall_v use_v the_o same_o etc._n etc._n now_o he_o who_o employ_v man_n in_o his_o house_n use_v the_o trade_n etc._n etc._n for_o suppose_v a_o merchant_n shall_v hire_v journeyman_n shoemaker_n to_o work_v in_o his_o house_n for_o the_o plantation_n this_o can_v be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o shoemaker_n private_a usage_n be_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o law_n but_o if_o what_o be_v do_v be_v for_o profit_n and_o gain_v and_o not_o confine_v to_o a_o particular_a family_n it_o be_v a_o exercise_v of_o a_o trade_n within_o the_o intention_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o the_o defendant_n have_v sell_v these_o clothes_n in_o england_n he_o have_v be_v a_o draper_n and_o have_v export_v they_o he_o be_v a_o merchant_n wherefore_o for_o these_o reason_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o justice_n dolbin_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n he_o say_v that_o no_o encouragement_n be_v ever_o give_v to_o prosecution_n upon_o this_o statute_n and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v for_o the_o common_a good_a if_o it_o be_v repeal_v for_o no_o great_a punishment_n can_v be_v to_o the_o seller_n than_o to_o expose_v good_n to_o sale_n ill_o wrought_v for_o by_o such_o mean_v he_o will_v never_o sell_v more_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n to_o the_o company_n of_o clothworker_n because_o that_o trade_n be_v a_o manual_a occupation_n for_o hire_n the_o master_n workman_n be_v the_o person_n who_o use_v the_o trade_n and_o the_o defendant_n have_v do_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o a_o merchant_n in_o his_o own_o house_n which_o can_v be_v a_o public_a use_n of_o the_o trade_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o prevent_v idleness_n and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v general_o a_o good_a manufacture_n now_o the_o defendant_n have_v well_o answer_v both_o these_o end_n for_o he_o have_v employ_v man_n in_o the_o work_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o such_o man_n who_o be_v bind_v apprentice_n and_o serve_v seven_o year_n in_o that_o very_a trade_n such_o who_o can_v work_v well_o and_o to_o who_o he_o give_v good_a wage_n it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o a_o merchant_n that_o his_o cloth_n be_v well_o wrought_v but_o the_o clothworker_n care_v not_o how_o it_o be_v do_v so_o he_o have_v his_o wage_n and_o by_o this_o care_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o defendant_n that_o trade_n which_o be_v almost_o lose_v abroad_o be_v now_o come_v into_o reputation_n again_o bradburn_n versus_fw-la kennerdale_n mich._n 4_o jac._n rot._n 640._o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n at_o chester_n in_o replevin_n for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o cow_n traverse_n replication_n whether_o good_a without_o a_o traverse_n the_o defendant_n make_v cognizance_n as_o bailiff_n to_o sir_n peter_n warburton_n set_v forth_o that_o before_o the_o take_n etc._n etc._n sir_n peter_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o arkey_n of_o which_o the_o locus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la be_v parcel_n and_o for_o that_o the_o cow_n be_v there_o damage_n feasant_a he_o take_v it_o etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n in_o bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n confess_v that_o sir_n peter_n warburton_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n etc._n etc._n but_o that_o before_o that_o time_n sir_n george_n warburton_n his_o father_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o likewise_o of_o one_o mesuage_v in_o fee_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v so_o seize_v make_v a_o lease_n thereof_o for_o three_o life_n viz._n for_o the_o life_n of_o g._n h._n the_o father_n and_o for_o the_o life_n of_o his_o two_o son_n george_n and_o john_n &_o alterius_fw-la eorum_fw-la diutius_fw-la viventis_fw-la that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v dead_a and_o that_o the_o other_o enter_v and_o be_v seize_v as_o
proctor_n 2._o whether_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n be_v return_v to_o displace_v mr._n leigh_n as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o mandamus_fw-la do_v lie_v because_o it_o be_v a_o public_a office_n and_o concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o proctor_n be_v limit_v to_o a_o certain_a number_n viz._n 28._o if_o many_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v displace_v it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o hinder_v justice_n this_o court_n do_v judicial_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n by_o prohibit_v they_o by_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o excommution_n or_o of_o any_o proceed_n when_o they_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n a_o proctor_n do_v the_o business_n in_o that_o court_n as_o as_o attorney_n in_o b._n r._n and_o notice_n be_v take_v of_o his_o place_n as_o judicial_o as_o of_o any_o other_o officer_n 152._o sid._n 94_o 152._o and_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n those_o officer_n can_v be_v distinguish_v if_o therefore_o a_o mandamus_fw-la have_v be_v grant_v to_o restore_v a_o attorney_n why_o not_o a_o proctor_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v no_o remedy_n but_o by_o a_o mandamus_fw-la because_o a_o assize_n will_v not_o lie_v of_o this_o office_n it_o be_v admit_v that_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n may_v be_v bring_v but_o then_o damage_n only_o be_v to_o be_v recover_v and_o not_o the_o office_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o leave_v it_o to_o a_o jury_n to_o give_v such_o damage_n as_o the_o party_n may_v sustain_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o livelihood_n it_o be_v no_o objection_n to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o proper_a visitor_n in_o this_o case_n to_o who_o to_o appeal_v viz._n to_o the_o archbishop_n for_o they_o have_v not_o set_v out_o any_o such_o visitatorial_n power_n in_o the_o return_n or_o if_o any_o that_o he_o have_v power_n to_o restore_v he_o but_o if_o such_o power_n have_v appear_v upon_o the_o return_n yet_o a_o proctor_n ought_v not_o to_o appeal_v to_o the_o archbishop_n or_o to_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n seed_n vacant_a because_o '_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o appeal_v to_o themselves_o for_o the_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n before_o who_o the_o appeal_n must_v be_v bring_v be_v a_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o archbishop_n himself_o and_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n with_o he_o beside_o the_o proctor_n there_o be_v not_o proper_o under_o any_o visitatorial_n power_n they_o have_v a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n within_o themselves_o and_o their_o court_n have_v be_v hold_v in_o several_a place_n as_o at_o bow_n christchurch_n etc._n etc._n then_o as_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o removal_n it_o be_v return_v 1._o for_o receive_v and_o prosecute_n of_o a_o cause_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o a_o advocate_n contrary_a to_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o archbishop_n abbot_n 2._o for_o refuse_v to_o pay_v 10_o s._n set_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o tax_n towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n now_o neither_o of_o these_o be_v sufficient_a cause_n to_o displace_v he_o as_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n if_o that_o statute_n give_v they_o any_o such_o power_n it_o be_v void_a because_o it_o deprive_v a_o man_n of_o his_o freehold_n which_o can_v be_v do_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v not_o say_v when_o this_o offence_n be_v commit_v for_o it_o may_v be_v before_o a_o general_a pardon_n and_o then_o it_o be_v discharge_v but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n that_o will_v not_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n without_o warning_n and_o no_o such_o thing_n appear_v upon_o the_o return_n a._n 11_o co._n 99_o a._n for_o if_o he_o have_v notice_n public_o he_o may_v have_v offer_v something_o in_o excuse_n of_o himself_o as_o sickness_n etc._n etc._n which_o may_v have_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o court._n it_o be_v as_o unreasonable_a a_o law_n to_o put_v the_o client_n to_o unnecessary_a charge_n to_o advise_v with_o a_o advocate_n upon_o a_o ordinary_a libel_n as_o it_o will_v be_v for_o a_o attorney_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n to_o advise_v with_o council_n to_o draw_v a_o declaration_n on_o a_o bond._n 2._o they_o do_v not_o show_v by_o what_o authority_n they_o may_v levy_v a_o tax_n neither_o do_v they_o set_v forth_o what_o tax_n be_v make_v in_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o 10_o s._n be_v a_o proportionable_a part_n for_o he_o to_o pay_v neither_o do_v it_o appear_v when_o this_o tax_n be_v make_v or_o that_o mr._n leigh_n be_v a_o proctor_n when_o it_o be_v make_v e_o contra_fw-la contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la this_o be_v not_o a_o offence_n in_o matter_n of_o judgement_n but_o it_o be_v a_o misdemeanour_n and_o punishable_a it_o be_v very_o like_o the_o case_n of_o fellow_n of_o college_n who_o have_v proper_a visitor_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n bench_n will_v not_o grant_v a_o mandamus_fw-la in_o such_o case_n a_o proctor_n be_v a_o officer_n of_o a_o court_n different_a from_o the_o court_n of_o law_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n bench_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o his_o office_n judicial_o they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o punish_v of_o a_o proctor_n but_o by_o displace_v of_o he_o and_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v remedy_v by_o a_o mandamus_fw-la than_o those_o person_n may_v offend_v without_o punishment_n it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o case_n of_o a_o attorney_n for_o he_o be_v a_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o court_n do_v judicial_o take_v notice_n of_o he_o but_o not_o of_o a_o proctor_n it_o be_v more_o like_o the_o case_n of_o a_o steward_n of_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr which_o be_v of_o private_a jurisdiction_n and_o for_o which_o a_o mandamus_fw-la have_v be_v deny_v it_o be_v like_a midleton_n be_v case_n who_o be_v treasurer_n of_o the_o new_a river_n water_n it_o be_v true_a a_o mandamus_fw-la be_v grant_v to_o restore_v he_o to_o that_o office_n but_o it_o be_v only_o de_fw-la bene_fw-la esse_fw-la to_o bring_v the_o matter_n before_o the_o court_n though_o that_o be_v a_o corporation_n settle_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v also_o like_o the_o case_n of_o abbot_n prior_n and_o monk_n for_o who_o a_o mandamus_fw-la be_v never_o grant_v because_o they_o be_v ecclesiastical_a corporation_n and_o have_v proper_a visitor_n which_o be_v now_o by_o law_n devolve_v upon_o the_o archbishop_n so_o also_o lay_v corporation_n have_v visitor_n which_o be_v their_o founder_n and_o their_o heir_n it_o be_v a_o objection_n of_o no_o force_n to_o say_v that_o this_o appeal_n must_v be_v to_o the_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n which_o be_v to_o appeal_v to_o the_o same_o person_n because_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o dean_n be_v constitute_v by_o the_o archbishop_n yet_o when_o once_o he_o be_v invest_v with_o that_o office_n he_o be_v in_o for_o his_o life_n and_o the_o archbishop_n can_v afterward_o come_v into_o that_o court_n and_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o dean_n himself_o so_o he_o be_v not_o the_o same_o person_n neither_o have_v he_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n curia_fw-la a_o proctor_n be_v not_o a_o officer_n proper_o speak_v it_o be_v only_o a_o employment_n in_o that_o court_n which_o act_v by_o different_a law_n and_o rule_n from_o the_o king_n bench_n they_o have_v a_o original_a jurisdiction_n over_o this_o matter_n and_o a_o mandamus_fw-la be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o appeal_n which_o will_v not_o be_v grant_v where_o they_o have_v such_o a_o jurisdiction_n but_o when_o they_o exceed_v it_o and_o encroach_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n than_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o in_o case_n of_o divorce_n which_o be_v of_o a_o high_a nature_n than_o this_o case_n be_v no_o appeal_n can_v be_v to_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o endless_a business_n for_o person_n to_o appeal_v ab_fw-la uno_fw-la ad_fw-la aliud_fw-la examen_fw-la and_o therefore_o credit_n must_v be_v give_v to_o the_o determination_n of_o those_o court_n who_o have_v such_o original_a jurisdiction_n officer_n be_v incident_a to_o all_o court_n 526._o 1_o roll._n abr._n 526._o and_o must_v partake_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o several_a and_o respective_a court_n in_o which_o they_o attend_v and_o the_o judge_n or_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o such_o court_n be_v the_o proper_a person_n to_o censure_v the_o behaviour_n of_o their_o own_o officer_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v mistake_v the_o king_n bench_n can_v relieve_v for_o in_o all_o case_n where_o such_o judge_n keep_v within_o their_o bound_n no_o other_o court_n can_v correct_v their_o error_n in_o proceed_n now_o for_o a_o churchwarden_n of_o a_o parish_n clerk_n a_o attorney_n or_o the_o like_a all_o these_o be_v temporal_a officer_n and_o be_v to_o be_v order_v by_o the_o temporal_a law_n