sojourner_n not_o that_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v concern_v god_n fourteen_o government_n from_o god_n the_o original_a of_o civil_a society_n do_v any_o way_n hinder_v but_o that_o civil_a government_n may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v from_o god_n for_o it_o be_v his_o will_n that_o the_o practice_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v order_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o multiplication_n of_o mankind_n human_a life_n will_v have_v become_v so_o horrid_a and_o confuse_a that_o hardly_o any_o room_n will_v have_v be_v leave_v for_o the_o same_o to_o exert_v its_o authority_n and_o see_v the_o exercise_n thereof_o will_v be_v much_o improve_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o civil_a society_n therefore_o since_o he_o who_o command_v the_o end_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o command_v likewise_o the_o mean_v necessary_a to_o the_o say_a end_n god_n also_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v antecedent_o to_o have_v will_v that_o mankind_n when_o they_o be_v multiply_v shall_v erect_v and_o constitute_v civil_a society_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v animate_v with_o a_o supreme_a authority_n the_o degree_n whereof_o he_o express_o approve_v in_o divine_a writ_n ratify_v their_o divine_a institution_n by_o peculiar_a law_n and_o declare_v that_o himself_o take_v they_o into_o his_o especial_a care_n and_o protection_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o government_n what_o be_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o i._o i._o supreme_a power_n and_o by_o what_o method_n it_o exert_v its_o force_n in_o civil_a society_n may_v easy_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o nature_n and_o end_n of_o the_o say_a society_n in_o a_o civil_a society_n all_o person_n be_v suppose_v know_v ii_o will_n of_o the_o supreme_a to_o be_v make_v know_v to_o have_v submit_v their_o will_n to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o governor_n in_o such_o affair_n as_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o public_a be_v willing_a to_o do_v whatsoever_o they_o require_v that_o this_o may_v be_v effect_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o governor_n do_v signify_v to_o those_o who_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v what_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n be_v concern_v such_o matter_n and_o this_o they_o do_v not_o only_o by_o their_o command_n direct_v to_o particular_a person_n about_o particular_a affair_n but_o also_o by_o certain_a general_a rule_n whence_o all_o person_n may_v at_o all_o time_n have_v a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v or_o to_o omit_v by_o which_o likewise_o it_o be_v common_o define_v and_o determine_v what_o ought_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v each_o man_n be_v right_a and_o propriety_n and_o what_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o another_o what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v lawful_a and_o what_o unlawful_a in_o any_o public_a society_n what_o commendable_a or_o what_o base_n what_o every_o man_n may_v do_v by_o his_o own_o natural_a liberty_n or_o how_o every_o one_o may_v dispose_v and_o order_v his_o own_o particular_a right_n towards_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o common_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o fine_a what_o and_o after_o what_o manner_n every_o one_o by_o right_n may_v lay_v claim_n to_o from_o another_o for_o it_o conduce_v very_o much_o to_o the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n of_o any_o civil_a society_n that_o all_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v clear_o and_o plain_o lay_v down_o and_o determine_v moreover_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a end_n penalty_n iii_o penalty_n of_o civil_a society_n that_o man_n by_o a_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o assistance_n of_o one_o another_o may_v be_v secure_v against_o the_o injury_n and_o affront_v which_o may_v and_o very_o often_o do_v befall_v we_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o man_n now_o that_o this_o end_n may_v the_o better_o be_v obtain_v by_o those_o man_n with_o who_o we_o be_v link_v together_o in_o the_o same_o society_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o they_o shall_v mutual_o agree_v among_o themselves_o not_o to_o injure_v one_o another_o nor_o be_v it_o enough_o that_o the_o bare_a will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n shall_v be_v make_v know_v to_o they_o but_o it_o be_v likewise_o requisite_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o certain_a fear_n and_o dread_a of_o punishment_n and_o a_o power_n and_o ability_n of_o inflict_v the_o same_o which_o punishment_n or_o penalty_n that_o it_o may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o end_n be_v to_o be_v so_o order_v that_o there_o may_v plain_o appear_v a_o great_a damage_n in_o violate_v the_o law_n than_o in_o observe_v they_o and_o that_o so_o the_o sharpness_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o penalty_n may_v outweigh_v the_o pleasure_n and_o advantage_n get_v or_o expect_v by_o do_v the_o injury_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o of_o two_o evil_n man_n shall_v choose_v the_o least_o for_o although_o there_o be_v many_o man_n who_o be_v not_o restrain_v from_o do_v injury_n by_o any_o prospect_n of_o punishment_n hang_v over_o their_o head_n yet_o that_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o case_n that_o rare_o happen_v and_o such_o as_o consider_v the_o present_a condition_n and_o frailty_n of_o mankind_n can_v be_v whole_o avoid_v because_o also_o it_o very_o often_o happen_v controversy_n iu_o controversy_n that_o many_o controversy_n do_v arise_v about_o the_o right_a application_n of_o the_o law_n to_o some_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n and_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v nice_o and_o careful_o consider_v in_o order_n to_o determine_v whether_o such_o a_o fact_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v against_o law_n therefore_o in_o order_n to_o the_o establishment_n of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n among_o the_o subject_n it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a governor_n to_o take_v cognisance_n of_o and_o determine_v the_o controversy_n arise_v between_o subject_a and_o subject_a and_o careful_o to_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o particular_a person_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o law_n and_o to_o pronounce_v and_o execute_v such_o sentence_n as_o shall_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o same_o law_n but_o that_o those_o who_o by_o mutual_a agreement_n war._n v._o power_n of_o peace_n and_o war._n have_v constitute_v a_o civil_a society_n may_v be_v safe_a against_o the_o insult_v of_o stranger_n the_o supreme_a magistrate_n have_v power_n to_o assemble_v to_o unite_v into_o a_o body_n and_o to_o arm_n or_o instead_o of_o that_o to_o listen_v as_o many_o mercenary_n as_o may_v seem_v necessary_a consider_v the_o uncertain_a number_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o maintain_v the_o public_a security_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o entire_o leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o same_o magistrate_n to_o make_v peace_n whenever_o he_o shall_v think_v convenient_a and_o since_o both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n alliance_n and_o league_n with_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v of_o very_o great_a use_n and_o importance_n that_o so_o the_o different_a advantage_n of_o divers_a state_n and_o government_n may_v the_o better_o be_v communicate_v to_o each_o other_o and_o the_o enemy_n by_o their_o joint_a force_n may_v be_v repulse_v with_o the_o great_a vigour_n or_o be_v more_o easy_o bring_v to_o term_n it_o be_v also_o absolute_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o enter_v into_o such_o league_n and_o treaty_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v convenient_a to_o each_o occasion_n and_o to_o oblige_v all_o his_o subject_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o and_o at_o once_o to_o derive_v and_o convey_v down_o to_o the_o whole_a civil_a society_n all_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n thence_o arise_v see_v also_o the_o affair_n of_o any_o considerable_a officer_n vi_o public_a officer_n state_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o peace_n can_v well_o be_v manage_v by_o one_o person_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o subordinate_a minister_n and_o magistrate_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o able_a man_n shall_v be_v appoint_v by_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o decide_v and_o determine_v in_o his_o room_n the_o controversy_n arise_v between_o subject_a and_o subject_a to_o inquire_v into_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o state_n to_o govern_v the_o soldiery_n to_o collect_v and_o distribute_v the_o public_a revenue_n and_o last_o in_o every_o place_n to_o take_v special_a care_n of_o the_o common_a good_n and_o from_o each_o of_o these_o person_n the_o supreme_a magistrate_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o exact_v the_o performance_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o require_v a_o account_n of_o their_o behaviour_n in_o their_o respective_a station_n and_o because_o the_o concern_v of_o any_o tax_n vii_o tax_n civil_a society_n can_v neither_o in_o time_n of_o war_n nor_o peace_n be_v manage_v without_o expense_n the_o supreme_a authority_n have_v power_n to_o
call_v man_n have_v give_v certain_a name_n as_o a_o corrupt_a monarchy_n be_v call_v tyranny_n a_o corrupt_a aristocracy_n be_v style_v a_o oligarchy_n or_o a_o rump-government_n and_o a_o corrupt_a popular_a state_n be_v call_v a_o anarchy_n or_o a_o rabble-government_n although_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o many_o by_o these_o nickname_n do_v not_o so_o much_o express_v the_o distemper_n of_o such_o a_o government_n as_o their_o own_o natural_a aversion_n for_o the_o present_a governor_n and_o constitution_n for_o oftentime_o he_o who_o be_v dissatisfy_v with_o his_o king_n or_o a_o monarchical_a government_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v even_o a_o good_a and_o lawful_a prince_n a_o tyrant_n and_o usurper_n especial_o if_o he_o be_v strict_a in_o put_v the_o law_n in_o execution_n so_o he_o who_o be_v vex_v because_o he_o be_v leave_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n not_o think_v himself_o inferior_a to_o any_o of_o the_o other_o counsellor_n out_o of_o contempt_n and_o envy_n he_o call_v they_o a_o pack_n of_o assume_v fellow_n who_o though_o in_o no_o respect_n they_o excel_v any_o of_o the_o rest_n yet_o domineer_v and_o lord_n it_o over_o their_o equal_n nay_o over_o better_a man_n than_o themselves_o last_o those_o man_n who_o be_v of_o a_o haughty_a temper_n and_o who_o hate_v a_o popular_a equality_n see_v that_o all_o people_n in_o a_o democracy_n have_v a_o equal_a right_a to_o give_v their_o suffrage_n in_o public_a affair_n though_o in_o every_o place_n the_o common_a people_n make_v the_o great_a number_n they_o condemn_v that_o as_o a_o ochlocracy_n or_o government_n by_o the_o rabble_n where_o there_o be_v no_o preference_n give_v to_o person_n of_o merit_n as_o they_o forsooth_o esteem_v themselves_o to_o be_v a_o irregular_a constitution_n be_v where_o that_o state_n xii_o a_o irregular_a state_n perfect_a union_n be_v want_v in_o which_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o a_o government_n consist_v and_o that_o not_o through_o any_o fault_n or_o maladministration_n of_o the_o government_n but_o because_o this_o form_n have_v be_v receive_v as_o good_a and_o legitimate_a by_o public_a law_n or_o custom_n but_o since_o there_o may_v be_v infinite_a variety_n of_o error_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o lay_v down_o distinct_a and_o certain_a species_n of_o irregular_a government_n but_o the_o nature_n thereof_o may_v be_v easy_o understand_v by_o one_o or_o two_o example_n for_o instance_n if_o in_o a_o state_n the_o noble_n and_o the_o people_n be_v each_o vest_v with_o a_o supreme_a and_o unaccountable_a power_n or_o if_o in_o any_o nation_n the_o noble_n be_v grow_v so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v no_o otherwise_o under_o the_o king_n than_o as_o unequal_a confederate_n we_o call_v those_o union_n when_o several_a constitute_v community_n xiii_o union_n of_o several_a community_n society_n by_o some_o special_a tie_n be_v so_o conjoin_v that_o their_o force_n and_o strength_n may_v be_v look_v upon_o in_o effect_n as_o the_o unite_a force_n and_o strength_n of_o one_o civil_a society_n now_o these_o union_n may_v arise_v two_o several_a way_n the_o one_o by_o a_o common_a sovereign_n the_o other_o by_o league_n or_o confederacy_n such_o a_o union_n happen_v by_o mean_n of_o sovereign_n fourteen_o union_n by_o a_o common_a sovereign_n a_o common_a sovereign_n when_o divers_a separate_a kingdom_n either_o by_o agreement_n or_o by_o marriage_n or_o hereditary_a succession_n or_o victory_n come_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o king_n yet_o so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o close_o into_o one_o realm_n but_o each_o be_v still_o govern_v by_o the_o same_o common_a sovereign_n according_a to_o their_o own_o fundamental_a law_n another_z sort_n of_o union_n may_v happen_v confederacy_n xv._o union_n by_o confederacy_n when_o several_a neighbour_a state_n or_o government_n be_v so_o connect_v by_o a_o perpetual_a league_n and_o confederacy_n that_o they_o can_v exercise_v some_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n which_o chief_o concern_v their_o defence_n and_o security_n against_o stranger_n but_o by_o a_o general_a consent_n of_o they_o all_o each_o society_n nevertheless_o as_o to_o other_o matter_n reserve_v to_o its_o self_n it_o be_v own_o peculiar_a liberty_n and_o independency_n chap._n ix_o the_o qualification_n of_o civil_a government_n it_o be_v always_o one_o prerogative_n of_o the_o government_n authority_n i._o supreme_a authority_n by_o which_o any_o community_n be_v direct_v in_o every_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o supreme_a authority_n whereby_o it_o have_v the_o regulate_v of_o all_o thing_n according_a to_o its_o own_o judgement_n and_o discretion_n and_o act_n without_o dependence_n upon_o any_o superior_a that_o can_v pretend_v to_o annul_v or_o countermand_v its_o order_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n a_o government_n vnaccountable_a ii_o vnaccountable_a so_o constitute_v remain_v unaccountable_a to_o all_o the_o world_n there_o be_v no_o authority_n above_o it_o to_o punish_v it_o or_o to_o examine_v whether_o its_o proceed_n be_v right_a or_o no._n and_o a_o three_o qualification_n of_o like_a nature_n law_n iii_o above_o the_o law_n with_o the_o former_a be_v that_o inasmuch_o as_o all_o civil_a law_n of_o humane_a authority_n derive_v both_o their_o beginning_n and_o their_o continuance_n from_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o government_n it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v direct_o oblige_v the_o very_a power_n that_o make_v they_o because_o the_o same_o power_n will_v in_o consequence_n be_v superior_a to_o itself_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o happy_a prospect_n and_o a_o singular_a advantage_n to_o the_o law_n when_o a_o prince_n conform_v himself_o of_o his_o own_o pleasure_n as_o occasion_n serve_v to_o practice_v the_o same_o thing_n that_o he_o command_v his_o subject_n there_o be_v also_o a_o peculiar_a veneration_n to_o it_o iv_o obedience_n due_a to_o it_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o supreme_a government_n under_o which_o we_o live_v not_o only_o in_o obey_v it_o in_o its_o just_a command_n wherein_o it_o be_v a_o crime_n to_o disobey_v but_o in_o endure_v its_o severity_n with_o the_o like_a patience_n as_o the_o rigour_n of_o some_o parent_n be_v submit_v to_o by_o dutiful_a child_n wherefore_o when_o a_o prince_n proceed_v to_o offer_v the_o most_o heinous_a injury_n imaginable_a to_o his_o people_n let_v they_o rather_o undergo_v it_o or_o every_o one_o seek_v his_o safety_n by_o flight_n than_o draw_v their_o sword_n upon_o the_o father_n of_o their_o country_n we_o find_v in_o monarchy_n and_o aristocracy_n monarchy_n v._o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n especial_o that_o the_o government_n be_v sometime_o absolute_a and_o sometime_o limit_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n be_v one_o who_o have_v no_o prescribe_v form_n of_o law_n and_o statute_n perpetual_o to_o go_v by_o in_o the_o method_n of_o his_o administration_n proceed_v entire_o according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n as_o the_o condition_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o public_a good_a in_o his_o judgement_n seem_v to_o require_v but_o because_o a_o single_a person_n may_v be_v monarchy_n vi_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n subject_a to_o be_v mistake_v in_o his_o judgement_n as_o well_o as_o to_o be_v seduce_v to_o evil_a course_n in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o liberty_n it_o be_v think_v convenient_a by_o some_o state_n to_o circumscribe_v the_o exercise_n of_o this_o power_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o certain_a law_n which_o be_v propose_v to_o the_o prince_n at_o his_o succession_n to_o be_v the_o future_a rule_n of_o his_o government_n and_o particular_o when_o any_o extraordinary_a concern_v arise_v involve_v in_o it_o the_o â—â—â—erest_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o provision_n extant_a in_o the_o constitution_n forego_v they_o then_o oblige_v he_o to_o engage_v in_o nothing_o without_o the_o previous_a advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n the_o better_a to_o prevent_v the_o danger_n of_o his_o swerve_v from_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n we_o see_v likewise_o a_o difference_n in_o the_o right_n hold_v vii_o right_o and_o manner_n of_o hold_v and_o manner_n of_o hold_v some_o kingdom_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o other_o for_o those_o prince_n especial_o as_o have_v acquire_v dominion_n by_o conquest_n and_o make_v a_o people_n their_o own_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n can_v divide_v alienate_v and_o transfer_v their_o regality_n at_o pleasure_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o patrimonial_a estate_n other_o that_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n though_o they_o live_v in_o full_a possession_n of_o the_o government_n during_o their_o reign_n yet_o have_v no_o pretension_n to_o such_o a_o power_n but_o as_o they_o attain_v to_o the_o succession_n so_o they_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v determine_v either_o by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n or_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o which_o reason_n
to_o authenticate_v the_o say_a law_n with_o the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o a_o civil_a law_n for_o since_o indeed_o the_o wickedness_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n be_v arrive_v to_o a_o degree_n which_o neither_o the_o apparent_a excellency_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n nor_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n himself_o be_v sufficient_a to_o restrain_v the_o most_o effectual_a method_n remain_v to_o preserve_v the_o happiness_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n be_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o government_n to_o enforce_v the_o natural_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o supply_v the_o disability_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o other_o now_o the_o force_n and_o power_n which_o be_v in_o sanction_n iv_o the_o penal_a sanction_n civil_a law_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o to_o the_o assertory_n part_n of_o the_o statute_n concern_v thing_n to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v there_o be_v annex_v a_o penal_a sanction_n rehearse_v the_o punishment_n that_o be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v a_o man_n in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o omit_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v or_o do_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o omit_v of_o which_o kind_n of_o sanction_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v of_o themselves_o destitute_a the_o break_n of_o they_o do_v not_o fall_v under_o the_o punishment_n of_o any_o court_n in_o this_o world_n but_o yet_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o god_n more_o particular_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a action_n v._o of_o action_n with_o the_o nature_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n for_o every_o one_o what_o he_o account_v to_o be_v his_o due_a to_o exact_v it_o of_o his_o own_o proper_a violence_n so_o that_o here_o the_o civil_a law_n come_v in_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o natural_a for_o they_o allow_v the_o creditor_n the_o benefit_n of_o a_o action_n whereby_o the_o debt_n that_o be_v owe_v to_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o magistrate_n may_v be_v demand_v and_o recover_v in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereas_o without_o such_o enforcement_n of_o the_o say_a law_n you_o can_v extort_v nothing_o from_o a_o debtor_n against_o his_o will_n but_o must_v entire_o depend_v upon_o his_o conscience_n and_o honour_n the_o civil_a law_n admit_v of_o action_n chief_o in_o the_o case_n of_o those_o obligation_n that_o be_v contract_v betwixt_o party_n by_o a_o express_a bond_n or_o covenant_n for_o as_o to_o other_o affair_n where_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o some_o indefinite_a duty_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o civil_a law_n make_v they_o not_o subject_a to_o a_o action_n at_o all_o on_o purpose_n to_o give_v occasion_n to_o good_a man_n to_o exercise_v their_o virtue_n to_o their_o more_o extraordinary_a praise_n when_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o do_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o honest_a without_o compulsion_n beside_o that_o freqent_o the_o point_n in_o question_n may_v not_o be_v of_o consequence_n enough_o to_o trouble_v a_o court_n about_o it_o and_o whereas_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n command_v they_o vi_o the_o prosecution_n of_o they_o many_o thing_n at_o large_a in_o a_o indefinite_a manner_n and_o leave_v the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o breast_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v careful_a of_o the_o honour_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o community_n prescribe_v a_o certain_a time_n manner_n place_n person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n for_o the_o due_a prosecution_n of_o those_o action_n with_o the_o proposal_n of_o a_o reward_n upon_o occasion_n to_o encourage_v people_n to_o enter_v upon_o they_o and_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v obscure_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o civil_a law_n explain_v it_o which_o explication_n the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v and_o follow_v although_o their_o own_o private_a opinion_n do_v otherwise_o lead_v they_o to_o a_o contrary_a sense_n so_o that_o there_o be_v thus_o a_o number_n of_o form_n vii_o form_n action_n leave_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v consider_v according_a to_o the_o will_n and_o judgement_n of_o each_o person_n which_o nevertheless_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n ought_v to_o be_v regular_o state_v for_o the_o great_a decency_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o same_o it_o use_v to_o be_v the_o care_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o reduce_v all_o those_o action_n with_o their_o respective_a concern_v to_o a_o proper_a form_n as_o we_o see_v it_o be_v in_o will_n contract_n and_o divers_a other_o case_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o limit_v we_o as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o several_a right_n to_o the_o use_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v we_o much_o at_o liberty_n for_o so_o far_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o law_n viii_o the_o obedience_n due_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n open_o contradict_v the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o subject_n stand_v oblige_v to_o obey_v they_o not_o mere_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o punishment_n but_o by_o a_o internal_a obligation_n confirm_v by_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n itself_o this_o be_v one_o of_o they_o among_o other_o that_o subject_n ought_v to_o obey_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n nay_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o obey_v even_o sovereign_n ix_o and_o to_o the_o particular_a command_n of_o the_o sovereign_n the_o personal_a command_n of_o their_o sovereign_n no_o less_o than_o they_o do_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n only_o here_o they_o must_v observe_v whether_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o as_o in_o their_o own_o name_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o action_n belong_v proper_o to_o subject_n to_o do_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v bare_o to_o undertake_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o affair_n for_o the_o sovereign_n in_o consequence_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o he_o have_v to_o command_v it_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n the_o necessity_n that_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o subject_a excuse_n he_o from_o sin_n though_o the_o fact_n itself_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o the_o sovereign_a to_o command_v but_o in_o the_o other_o for_o a_o subject_a as_o in_o his_o own_o name_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n it_o can_v never_o be_v lawful_a and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o if_o a_o subject_a take_v up_o arm_n in_o a_o unjust_a war_n at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o sovereign_n he_o sin_v not_o yet_o if_o he_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a or_o accuse_v and_o witness_n against_o they_o false_o upon_o the_o like_a command_n he_o sin_n for_o as_o he_o serve_v in_o war_n he_o serve_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o public_a but_o act_v as_o a_o judge_n witness_v or_o accuser_n he_o do_v it_o in_o his_o own_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o civil_a government_n that_o be_v supreme_a twofold_n i._o twofold_n in_o every_o state_n have_v a_o right_a over_o the_o live_v of_o its_o subject_n either_o indirect_o when_o it_o expose_v their_o life_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a or_o direct_o in_o the_o punishment_n of_o crime_n for_o when_o the_o force_n of_o foreiner_n in_o a_o indirect_o ii_o indirect_o invasion_n which_o often_o happen_v be_v to_o be_v repel_v by_o force_n or_o that_o we_o can_v without_o the_o use_n of_o violence_n obtain_v our_o right_n of_o they_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o government_n by_o its_o supreme_a authority_n to_o compel_v the_o subject_n to_o enter_v into_o its_o service_n not_o thereby_o purposely_o intend_v their_o death_n only_o their_o life_n be_v expose_v unto_o some_o danger_n of_o it_o on_o which_o occasion_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o behave_v themselves_o with_o skill_n and_o bravery_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v be_v exercise_v and_o prepare_v for_o the_o purpose_n now_o the_o fear_n of_o danger_n ought_v not_o to_o prevail_v with_o any_o subject_a to_o render_v himself_o uncapable_a of_o undergo_a the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n much_o less_o ought_v it_o to_o tempt_v a_o man_n that_o be_v actual_o in_o arm_n to_o desert_n the_o station_n appoint_v he_o who_o ought_v to_o fight_v it_o out_o to_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o his_o blood_n unless_o he_o know_v it_o to_o be_v the_o will_n of_o his_o commander_n that_o he_o shall_v rather_o preserve_v his_o life_n than_o his_o post_n or_o if_o he_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o maintain_n of_o such_o post_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a importance_n as_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o live_v engage_v therein_o the_o government_n claim_v a_o power_n direct_o iii_o direct_o to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o subject_n direct_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n commit_v by_o they_o whereon_o it_o pass_v judgement_n
conclude_v that_o the_o one_o be_v any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o other_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o in_o moral_a divinity_n some_o thing_n be_v deliver_v as_o from_o divine_a revelation_n which_o by_o our_o reason_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v and_o which_o upon_o that_o score_n be_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o will_v be_v very_o absurd_a from_o hence_o to_o set_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o or_o to_o imagine_v that_o there_o be_v any_o real_a inconsistency_n between_o these_o science_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n if_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v presuppose_v because_o so_o much_o may_v be_v infer_v from_o reason_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v in_o opposition_n to_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n on_o that_o subject_n deliver_v with_o great_a clearness_n but_o they_o be_v only_o to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o abstract_a sense_n thus_o for_o example_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n abstract_v from_o the_o account_n we_o receive_v thereof_o in_o holy_a writ_n there_o may_v be_v form_v a_o idea_n of_o the_o condition_n and_o state_n of_o the_o first_o man_n as_o he_o come_v into_o the_o world_n only_o so_o far_o as_o be_v within_o the_o comprehension_n of_o humane_a reason_n now_o to_o set_v those_o thing_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o be_v deliver_v in_o sacred_a writ_n concern_v the_o same_o state_n will_v be_v the_o great_a folly_n and_o madness_n in_o the_o world_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o reconcile_v the_o civil_a law_n with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n so_o it_o seem_v a_o little_a more_o difficult_a to_o set_v certain_a bound_n between_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o moral_a divinity_n and_o to_o define_v in_o what_o particular_n chief_o they_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o upon_o this_o subject_a i_o shall_v deliver_v my_o opinion_n brief_o not_o with_o any_o papal_a authority_n as_o if_o i_o be_v exempt_v from_o all_o error_n by_o any_o peculiar_a right_n or_o privilege_n neither_o as_o one_o who_o pretend_v to_o any_o enthusiastic_a revelation_n but_o only_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o discharge_v that_o province_n which_o i_o have_v undertake_v according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o ability_n and_o as_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o hear_v all_o candid_a and_o ingenuous_a person_n who_o can_v inform_v i_o better_o and_o be_o very_o ready_a to_o retract_v what_o i_o have_v say_v amiss_o so_o i_o do_v not_o value_v those_o pragmatical_a and_o positive_a censurer_n and_o busybody_n who_o bold_o concern_v themselves_o with_o thing_n which_o no_o way_n belong_v to_o they_o of_o these_o person_n we_o have_v a_o very_a ingenious_a character_n give_v by_o phaedrus_n they_o run_v about_o say_v he_o as_o mighty_o concern_v they_o be_v very_o busy_a even_o when_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v they_o puff_v and_o blow_v without_o any_o occasion_n they_o be_v uneasy_a to_o themselves_o and_o troublesome_a to_o every_o body_n else_o now_o the_o chief_a distinction_n whereby_o these_o science_n be_v separate_v from_o one_o another_o proceed_v from_o the_o different_a source_n or_o spring_n whence_o each_o derive_v its_o principle_n and_o of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o discourse_v from_o whence_o it_o follow_v if_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o we_o be_v enjoin_v in_o holy_a writ_n either_o to_o do_v or_o forbear_v the_o necessity_n whereof_o can_v be_v discover_v by_o reason_n alone_o they_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o proper_o to_o appertain_v to_o moral_a divinity_n moreover_o in_o divinity_n the_o law_n be_v consider_v as_o it_o have_v the_o divine_a promise_n annex_v to_o it_o and_o with_o relation_n to_o the_o covenant_n between_o god_n and_o man_n from_o which_o consideration_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n abstract_n because_o the_o other_o derive_v itself_o from_o a_o particular_a revelation_n of_o god_n almighty_n and_o which_o reason_n alone_o can_v not_o have_v find_v out_o beside_o too_o there_o be_v this_o great_a difference_n in_o that_o the_o main_a end_n and_o design_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o this_o life_n only_o and_o so_o thereby_o a_o man_n be_v inform_v how_o he_o be_v to_o live_v in_o society_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n but_o moral_a divinity_n instruct_v a_o man_n how_o to_o live_v as_o a_o christian_a who_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o live_v honesty_n and_o virtuous_o in_o this_o world_n but_o be_v beside_o in_o earnest_a expectation_n of_o the_o reward_n of_o his_o piety_n after_o this_o life_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v his_o conversation_n in_o heaven_n but_o be_v here_o only_o as_o a_o stranger_n and_o a_o pilgrim_n for_o although_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n do_v with_o very_o great_a ardency_n pursue_v after_o immortality_n and_o be_v extreme_o averse_a to_o its_o own_o destruction_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o most_o of_o the_o heathen_n have_v a_o strong_a persuasion_n of_o the_o separate_a state_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n and_o that_o then_o good_a man_n shall_v be_v reward_v and_o evil_a man_n punish_v yet_o notwithstanding_o such_o a_o strong_a assurance_n of_o the_o certainty_n hereof_o upon_o which_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v firm_o and_o entire_o depend_v be_v to_o be_v derive_v only_o from_o the_o word_n of_o god_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v adapt_v only_o to_o humane_a judicature_n which_o do_v not_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o this_o life_n and_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a in_o many_o respect_n to_o apply_v they_o to_o the_o divine_a forum_n which_o concern_v itself_o only_o about_o theology_n from_o whence_o this_o also_o follow_v that_o because_o humane_a judicature_n regard_v only_o the_o external_a action_n of_o man_n but_o can_v no_o way_n reach_v the_o inward_a thought_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o do_v not_o discover_v themselves_o by_o any_o outward_a sign_n or_o effect_v therefore_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n exercise_v in_o form_v the_o outward_a action_n of_o men._n but_o moral_a divinity_n do_v not_o content_v itself_o in_o regulate_v only_o the_o exterior_a action_n but_o be_v more_o peculiarly_a intent_n in_o form_v the_o mind_n and_o its_o internal_a motion_n agreeable_a to_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o divine_a be_v disallow_v those_o very_a action_n which_o outward_o look_v well_o enough_o but_o proceed_v from_o a_o impure_a and_o corrupt_a mind_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n do_v not_o so_o frequent_o treat_v of_o those_o action_n that_o be_v enjoin_v under_o certain_a penalty_n by_o humane_a law_n as_o it_o do_v of_o those_o which_o as_o seneca_n express_v it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o any_o such_o constitution_n and_o this_o will_v manifest_o appear_v to_o those_o who_o shall_v careful_o consider_v the_o precept_n and_o virtue_n that_o be_v therein_o inculcate_v although_o even_o those_o christian_a virtue_n do_v very_o much_o dispose_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n towards_o the_o maintain_n of_o mutual_a society_n so_o likewise_o moral_a divinity_n do_v mighty_o promote_v the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o main_a duty_n that_o be_v enjoin_v we_o in_o our_o civil_a deportment_n so_o that_o if_o you_o shall_v observe_v any_o one_o behave_v himself_o like_o a_o restless_a and_o troublesome_a member_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n you_o may_v fair_o conclude_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v make_v but_o a_o very_a slight_a impression_n on_o that_o person_n and_o that_o it_o have_v take_v no_o root_n in_o his_o heart_n and_o from_o these_o particular_n i_o suppose_v may_v be_v easy_o discover_v not_o only_o the_o certain_a bound_n and_o limit_n which_o distinguish_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o we_o have_v defin_n do_v it_o from_o moral_a divinity_n but_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o sound_a divinity_n but_o be_v only_o to_o be_v abstract_v from_o some_o particular_a doctrine_n thereof_o which_o can_v be_v fathom_v by_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n alone_o from_o whence_o also_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o in_o the_o science_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n a_o man_n shall_v be_v now_o consider_v as_o be_v deprave_v in_o his_o very_a nature_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n as_o a_o creature_n subject_a to_o many_o vile_a inclination_n for_o although_o none_o can_v be_v so_o stupid_a as_o not_o to_o discover_v in_o himself_o many_o evil_a and_o inordinate_a affection_n nevertheless_o unless_o we_o be_v inform_v so_o much_o by_o sacred_a writ_n it_o will_v not_o appear_v that_o this_o rebellion_n of_o the_o will_n be_v
paternal_a power_n the_o most_o ancient_a and_o most_o sacred_a kind_n of_o authority_n whereby_o child_n be_v oblige_v to_o reverence_v the_o command_n of_o their_o parent_n and_o to_o acknowledge_v their_o preeminence_n the_o authority_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o twofold_a ii_o its_o foundation_n twofold_a child_n have_v its_o chief_a foundation_n on_o a_o twofold_a cause_n first_o because_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n itself_o when_o man_n be_v make_v a_o sociable_a creature_n enjoin_v to_o parent_n the_o care_n of_o their_o child_n and_o lest_o they_o shall_v herein_o be_v negligent_a nature_n implant_v in_o they_o a_o most_o tender_a affection_n for_o their_o issue_n now_o that_o this_o care_n may_v be_v right_o manage_v it_o be_v requisite_a that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n of_o order_v the_o action_n of_o their_o child_n for_o their_o good_a because_o these_o as_o yet_o understand_v not_o for_o want_v of_o discretion_n how_o to_o govern_v themselves_o next_o this_o authority_n be_v also_o ground_v on_o the_o tacit_n consent_v of_o their_o offspring_n for_o it_o may_v fair_o be_v presume_v that_o if_o a_o infant_n at_o the_o time_n of_o its_o birth_n have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o see_v that_o its_o life_n can_v not_o be_v preserve_v without_o the_o care_n of_o the_o parent_n to_o which_o must_v be_v join_v a_o power_n over_o itself_o it_o will_v ready_o consent_v to_o the_o same_o and_o desire_v for_o itself_o a_o comfortable_a education_n from_o they_o and_o this_o power_n as_o actual_o in_o the_o parent_n then_o when_o they_o breed_v and_o nurse_v up_o the_o child_n and_o from_o he_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v that_o he_o may_v become_v a_o fit_a member_n of_o humane_a society_n but_o whereas_o the_o mother_n concur_v no_o right_o iii_o which_o parent_n have_v great_a right_o less_o than_o the_o father_n to_o the_o generation_n of_o child_n and_o so_o the_o offspring_n be_v common_a to_o both_o it_o may_v be_v inquire_v which_o have_v the_o great_a right_a thereto_o concern_v which_o point_n we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v for_o if_o the_o issue_n be_v beget_v not_o in_o matrimony_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v rather_o the_o mother_n because_o here_o the_o father_n can_v be_v know_v except_o the_o mother_n discover_v he_o among_o those_o also_o who_o live_v in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n and_o above_o law_n it_o may_v be_v agree_v that_o the_o mother_n claim_n shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o that_o of_o the_o father_n but_o in_o community_n which_o have_v their_o formation_n from_o man_n the_o matrimonial_a contract_n regular_o commence_v on_o the_o man_n side_n and_o he_o become_v the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n the_o father_n right_o shall_v take_v place_n so_o as_o though_o the_o child_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o mother_n all_o reverence_n and_o gratitude_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o oblige_v to_o obey_v she_o when_o she_o bid_v that_o to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o just_a command_n of_o the_o father_n yet_o upon_o the_o father_n decease_n his_o authority_n over_o his_o child_n especial_o if_o not_o of_o age_n seem_v to_o devolve_v upon_o the_o mother_n and_o if_o she_o marry_v again_o it_o pass_v to_o the_o stepfather_n he_o be_v esteem_v to_o succeed_v to_o the_o trust_n and_o care_n of_o a_o natural_a father_n and_o he_o who_o shall_v allow_v liberal_a education_n to_o a_o orphan_n or_o a_o forsake_a child_n shall_v have_v a_o right_a to_o exact_v filial_a obedience_n from_o the_o same_o but_o that_o we_o may_v handle_v more_o accurate_o distinguish_v iu._n paternal_a authority_n distinguish_v the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n we_o must_v distinguish_v first_o between_o patriarch_n or_o chief_n of_o independent_a family_n and_o such_o as_o be_v member_n of_o a_o community_n and_o then_o betwixt_o the_o power_n of_o a_o father_n as_o father_n and_o his_o power_n as_o head_n of_o his_o family_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v enjoin_v by_o nature_n to_o a_o father_n as_o such_o that_o he_o bring_v up_o his_o child_n well_o in_o order_n to_o render_v '_o emfit_v member_n of_o human_a society_n so_o long_o as_o till_o they_o can_v take_v care_n of_o themselves_o hence_o he_o have_v so_o much_o power_n give_v he_o over_o they_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o end_n which_o therefore_o by_o no_o mean_n extend_v itself_o so_o as_o to_o give_v the_o parent_n liberty_n to_o destroy_v their_o unborn_a offspring_n or_o to_o cast_v away_o or_o kill_v it_o when_o it_o be_v bear_v for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a the_o issue_n be_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o parent_n yet_o it_o be_v place_v in_o a_o human_a state_n equal_a to_o themselves_o and_o capable_a of_o receive_v injury_n from_o they_o neither_o also_o do_v this_o authority_n vest_n they_o with_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n upon_o occasion_n of_o any_o fault_n but_o only_o allow_v they_o to_o give_v moderate_a chastisement_n since_o the_o age_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v too_o tender_a to_o admit_v of_o such_o heinous_a crime_n as_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n but_o if_o a_o child_n shall_v stubborn_o spurn_v at_o all_o instruction_n and_o become_v hopeless_a of_o amendment_n the_o father_n may_v turn_v he_o out_o of_o his_o own_o house_n and_o abdicate_v or_o renounce_v he_o moreover_o this_o power_n thus_o nice_o childhood_n v._o childhood_n take_v may_v be_v consider_v according_a to_o the_o diverse_a age_n of_o child_n for_o in_o their_o early_a year_n when_o their_o reason_n be_v come_v to_o no_o maturity_n all_o their_o action_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o their_o parent_n during_o which_o time_n if_o any_o estate_n fall_v to_o the_o young_a person_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o possession_n and_o under_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o father_n so_o that_o the_o property_n be_v still_o reserve_v to_o the_o child_n though_o it_o may_v be_v reasonable_a enough_o that_o the_o profit_n arise_v therefrom_o shall_v be_v the_o father_n till_o the_o other_o arrive_v at_o manhood_n so_o also_o any_o advantage_n or_o profit_n that_o can_v be_v make_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o a_o son_n aught_o to_o accrue_v to_o the_o parent_n since_o with_o the_o latter_a lie_v all_o the_o care_n of_o maintain_v and_o of_o educate_v the_o former_a when_o child_n be_v come_v to_o man_n estate_n manhood_n vi_o manhood_n when_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o competent_a share_n of_o discretion_n and_o yet_o continue_v themselves_o a_o part_n of_o the_o father_n family_n than_o the_o power_n which_o the_o father_n have_v comes_z distinct_o to_o be_v consider_v either_o as_o he_o be_v a_o father_n or_o as_o head_n of_o the_o family_n and_o since_o in_o the_o former_a case_n he_o make_v his_o end_n to_o be_v the_o education_n and_o government_n of_o his_o child_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o when_o they_o be_v of_o ripe_a year_n they_o be_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o parent_n as_o wise_a than_o themselves_o and_o whosoever_o expect_v to_o be_v maintain_v upon_o what_o his_o father_n have_v and_o afterward_o to_o succeed_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o be_v oblige_v to_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o the_o method_n of_o his_o paternal_a household_n the_o management_n whereof_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o his_o father_n power_n patriarch_n or_o head_n of_o independent_a abridge_v vii_o patriarch_n power_n abridge_v family_n before_o they_o join_v in_o community_n act_v in_o many_o case_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o prince_n in_o their_o house_n so_o that_o their_o progeny_n who_o continue_v a_o part_n of_o their_o family_n pay_v the_o high_a veneration_n to_o their_o authority_n but_o afterward_o this_o family-royalty_n as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o private_a right_n be_v moderate_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o order_n of_o community_n and_o in_o some_o place_n more_o in_o other_o less_o of_o power_n be_v leave_v to_o parent_n hence_o we_o see_v that_o in_o some_o government_n father_n have_v in_o criminal_a case_n a_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o their_o child_n but_o in_o most_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v either_o for_o fear_n parent_n shall_v abuse_v this_o prerogative_n to_o the_o detriment_n of_o the_o public_a or_o to_o the_o unjust_a oppression_n of_o those_o so_o subject_v or_o lest_o through_o the_o tenderness_n of_o paternal_a affection_n many_o vice_n shall_v pass_v unpunished_a which_o may_v break_v forth_o one_o time_n or_o other_o into_o public_a mischief_n or_o else_o that_o father_n may_v not_o be_v under_o a_o necessity_n of_o pronounce_v so_o sad_a and_o ungrateful_a a_o sentence_n but_o when_o a_o son_n or_o daughter_n have_v leave_v parent_n viii_o piety_n ever_o due_a to_o parent_n the_o father_n house_n and_o either_o have_v set_v up_o a_o new_a family_n of_o their_o own_o or_o join_v to_o
nation_n of_o any_o considerable_a extent_n but_o he_o must_v have_v minister_n to_o participate_v with_o he_o in_o his_o care_n and_o counsel_n yet_o as_o these_o minister_n borrow_v their_o authority_n in_o every_o thing_n they_o do_v from_o he_o so_o the_o praise_n or_o dispraise_v of_o their_o action_n return_v final_o upon_o he_o also_o for_o which_o reason_n and_o because_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o minister_n business_n be_v do_v either_o well_o or_o ill_o there_o lie_v a_o obligation_n upon_o a_o prince_n to_o advance_v honest_a and_o fit_a person_n to_o office_n of_o trust_n in_o the_o government_n and_o upon_o occasion_n to_o examine_v into_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o same_o and_o as_o he_o find_v they_o deserve_v to_o reward_v or_o punish_v they_o according_o for_o a_o example_n to_o other_o to_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v no_o less_o fidelity_n and_o diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o manage_v the_o public_a business_n than_o one_o will_v practice_v in_o any_o private_a affair_n that_o relate_v to_o himself_o so_o when_o wicked_a people_n be_v encourage_v to_o put_v their_o inclination_n in_o practice_n upon_o the_o hope_n of_o escape_v very_o easy_o unpunished_a under_o judge_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n it_o '_o be_v a_o prince_n duty_n to_o animadvert_v severe_o upon_o such_o judge_n as_o favourer_n of_o vice_n against_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o quiet_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o though_o the_o dispatch_a of_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n may_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o minister_n care_v yet_o a_o prince_n be_v never_o to_o refuse_v to_o lend_v his_o ear_n with_o patience_n when_o his_o subject_n present_v he_o with_o their_o complaint_n and_o address_n for_o tax_n and_o the_o like_a duty_n to_o duty_n x._o of_o tax_n and_o duty_n which_o subject_n be_v upon_o no_o other_o account_n oblige_v than_o as_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o support_v the_o public_a charge_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n it_o deserve_v to_o be_v the_o care_n of_o prince_n not_o to_o extort_v more_o than_o either_o the_o necessity_n or_o signal_n advantage_n of_o the_o nation_n require_v and_o so_o to_o alleviate_v and_o soften_v they_o in_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o lay_v they_o upon_o the_o subject_a that_o every_o one_o may_v find_v their_o weight_n as_o little_a offensive_a as_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v be_v charge_v upon_o particular_n in_o a_o fair_a and_o equitable_a proportion_n without_o favour_v of_o one_o to_o deceive_v or_o oppress_v another_o and_o let_v not_o the_o money_n that_o be_v so_o raise_v be_v consume_v by_o prince_n in_o luxury_n and_o vanity_n or_o throw_v away_o in_o gift_n and_o needless_a ostentation_n but_o lay_v out_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o nation_n always_o foresee_v that_o their_o expense_n be_v make_v to_o answer_v to_o their_o revenue_n and_o in_o case_n of_o any_o failure_n in_o the_o latter_a to_o do_v it_o that_o they_o attempt_v a_o remedy_n by_o mean_n of_o frugality_n and_o in_o retrench_v unnecessary_a expense_n it_o be_v true_a prince_n have_v no_o obligation_n prince_n xi_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v advance_v by_o prince_n upon_o they_o to_o find_v maintenance_n for_o their_o subject_n otherwise_o than_o charity_n direct_v they_o to_o a_o particular_a care_n of_o those_o for_o who_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o subsist_v of_o themselves_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o calamity_n undeserved_a yet_o because_o the_o money_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o public_a must_v be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o subject_n estate_n in_o who_o wealth_n and_o happiness_n the_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n do_v consist_v it_o therefore_o concern_v prince_n to_o use_v their_o best_a endeavour_n that_o the_o fortune_n of_o their_o subject_n improve_v and_o flourish_v as_o particular_o by_o give_v order_n how_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n may_v be_v receive_v in_o the_o most_o plentiful_a measure_n and_o that_o man_n employ_v their_o industry_n on_o thing_n of_o domestic_a growth_n not_o purchase_v at_o their_o expense_n that_o labour_n from_o other_o which_o themselves_o be_v able_a convenient_o to_o undergo_v that_o all_o mechanic_n art_n and_o merchandise_n and_o in_o maritime_a place_n navigation_n be_v encourage_v as_o of_o great_a consequence_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o idleness_n be_v banish_v from_o among_o they_o and_o frugality_n be_v restore_v by_o sumptuary_n law_n contrive_v on_o purpose_n to_o avoid_v superfluous_a expense_n especial_o those_o which_o occasion_n the_o transport_v of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n whereof_o if_o the_o prince_n be_v please_v to_o set_v a_o example_n in_o his_o own_o person_n it_o be_v likely_a to_o prove_v of_o great_a force_n than_o all_o the_o law_n beside_o find_v also_o that_o the_o internal_a party_n xii_o faction_n and_o party_n health_n and_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n proceed_v in_o a_o particular_a manner_n from_o the_o unity_n that_o be_v between_o the_o people_n and_o according_a as_o this_o happen_v to_o be_v more_o and_o more_o perfect_a the_o power_n of_o the_o government_n diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o whole_a body_n with_o so_o much_o the_o great_a efficacy_n it_o be_v yet_o a_o further_a care_n incumbent_a upon_o prince_n to_o hinder_v both_o the_o growth_n of_o public_a faction_n as_o well_o as_o of_o private_a association_n of_o particular_a person_n by_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o as_o also_o to_o see_v that_o neither_o all_o nor_o any_o of_o the_o subject_n under_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o religious_a or_o civil_a do_v retain_v a_o dependence_n upon_o a_o stranger_n within_o or_o without_o the_o kingdom_n more_o than_o upon_o their_o lawful_a prince_n in_o who_o alone_o before_o all_o other_o all_o their_o expectation_n ought_v to_o be_v repose_v last_o since_o the_o peace_n of_o nation_n nation_n xiii_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n with_o foreign_a nation_n in_o reference_n to_o one_o another_o depend_v upon_o no_o very_a great_a certainty_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o prince_n to_o encourage_v valour_n and_o military_a study_n in_o their_o subject_n have_v all_o thing_n as_o fortification_n arm_n man_n and_o money_n which_o be_v the_o sinew_n of_o business_n ready_a prepare_v in_o case_n of_o a_o assult_v to_o repel_v it_o though_o not_o voluntary_o to_o begin_v one_o upon_o another_o nation_n even_o after_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o war_n give_v unless_o invite_v by_o a_o very_a safe_a opportunity_n and_o the_o public_n be_v in_o a_o good_a condition_n convenient_o to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o undertake_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v proper_a to_o observe_v and_o search_v into_o the_o counsel_n and_o proceed_n of_o neighbour_n with_o all_o exactness_n and_o to_o enter_v with_o they_o into_o league_n and_o alliance_n as_o prudent_o as_o so_o great_a a_o concern_v require_v chap._n xii_o of_o the_o special_a law_n of_o a_o community_n relate_v to_o the_o civil_a government_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o we_o take_v a_o view_n be_v i._o what_o they_o be_v of_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o supreme_a government_n together_o with_o such_o circumstance_n thereunto_o belong_v as_o we_o find_v be_v worthy_a to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o first_o place_n there_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n mean_v the_o act_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o high_a civil_a authority_n for_o the_o time_n be_v ordain_v to_o direct_v the_o subject_a in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o life_n as_o to_o what_o thing_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o what_o to_o omit_v they_o be_v call_v civil_a upon_o two_o account_n call_v ii_o why_o so_o call_v especial_o that_o be_v either_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o authority_n or_o their_o original_a in_o the_o first_o sense_n all_o manner_n of_o law_n whatsoever_o of_o force_n whereby_o to_o try_v and_o decide_v cause_n in_o a_o court_n of_o civil_a judicature_n let_v their_o original_a be_v what_o it_o will_v may_v pass_v under_o that_o denomination_n in_o the_o other_o we_o call_v only_o those_o law_n civil_a which_o derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a government_n treat_v upon_o the_o subject_a of_o such_o thing_n as_o neither_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o nature_n have_v determine_v yet_o be_v find_v to_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o particular_a commonwealth_n as_o nothing_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v make_v they_o iii_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v reinforce_v by_o they_o the_o subject_a of_o a_o civil_a law_n but_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o do_v ordain_v it_o so_o it_o seem_v in_o the_o high_a degree_n expedient_a towards_o the_o beauty_n and_o ease_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n that_o in_o particular_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n shall_v be_v diligent_o observe_v by_o all_o people_n it_o lie_v upon_o supreme_a governor_n
of_o death_n by_o way_n of_o punishment_n as_o likewise_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o criminal_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o here_o some_o general_n thing_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o punishment_n come_v to_o be_v discourse_v punishment_n be_v a_o evil_n that_o be_v suffer_v punishment_n iv_o of_o punishment_n in_o retaliation_n for_o another_o that_o be_v do_v or_o a_o certain_a grievous_a pain_n or_o pressure_n impose_v upon_o a_o person_n by_o authority_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o force_n with_o regard_n to_o a_o offence_n that_o have_v be_v commit_v by_o he_o for_o although_o the_o do_v of_o some_o thing_n may_v oftentimes_o be_v command_v in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o punishment_n yet_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v be_v troublesome_a and_o laborious_a to_o the_o doer_n who_o will_v therefore_o find_v his_o suffering_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o such_o action_n a_o punishment_n also_o signify_v its_o be_v inflict_v against_o the_o will_n of_o people_n for_o it_o will_v not_o otherwise_o obtain_v its_o end_n which_o be_v to_o deter_v they_o from_o crime_n by_o the_o sense_n of_o its_o severity_n a_o effect_n it_o never_o will_v produce_v if_o it_o be_v only_o such_o as_o a_o offender_n be_v willing_a and_o please_v to_o undergo_v as_o for_o other_o suffering_n which_o happen_v to_o be_v undergo_v in_o war_n and_o engagement_n or_o which_o one_o bear_v innocent_o through_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o injury_n do_v he_o the_o former_a not_o be_v inflict_v by_o authority_n and_o the_o other_o not_o refer_v to_o a_o antecedent_n crime_n they_o do_v neither_o of_o they_o import_v the_o proper_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o a_o punishment_n by_o our_o natural_a liberty_n we_o enjoy_v the_o government_n v._o inflict_v by_o the_o government_n privilege_n to_o have_v no_o other_o superior_a but_o god_n over_o we_o and_o only_o to_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o punishment_n divine_a but_o since_o the_o introduction_n of_o government_n it_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o office_n of_o those_o in_o who_o hand_n the_o government_n be_v entrust_v for_o the_o good_a of_o all_o community_n that_o upon_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o unlawful_a practice_n of_o subject_n before_o they_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n effectual_o to_o coerce_v the_o same_o that_o people_n may_v live_v together_o in_o safety_n neither_o do_v there_o seem_v to_o be_v any_o they_o vi_o the_o benefit_n of_o they_o thing_n of_o inequality_n in_o this_o that_o he_o who_o evil_n do_v shall_v evil_a suffer_v yet_o in_o the_o course_n of_o humane_a punishment_n we_o be_v not_o sole_o to_o regard_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o crime_n but_o likewise_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n upon_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o punishment_n by_o no_o mean_n execute_v it_o on_o purpose_n to_o feed_v the_o fancy_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v or_o to_o give_v he_o pleasure_n in_o the_o pain_n and_o suffering_n of_o his_o adversary_n because_o such_o kind_n of_o pleasure_n be_v absolute_o inhuman_a as_o well_o as_o contrary_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o a_o good_a fellow-subject_a the_o genuine_a end_n of_o punishment_n in_o a_o they_o vii_o the_o end_n of_o they_o state_n be_v the_o prevention_n of_o wrong_n and_o injury_n which_o then_o have_v its_o effect_n when_o he_o who_o do_v the_o injury_n be_v amend_v or_o for_o the_o future_a incapacitate_v to_o do_v more_o or_o other_o take_v example_n from_o his_o suffering_n be_v deter_v from_o like_a practice_n or_o to_o express_v it_o a_o other_o way_n that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o business_n of_o punishment_n be_v the_o good_a either_o of_o the_o offender_n or_o the_o party_n offend_v or_o general_o of_o all._n first_o we_o consider_v the_o good_a of_o the_o offender_n offender_n viii_o upon_o the_o offender_n in_o who_o mind_n the_o smart_n of_o the_o punishment_n serve_v to_o work_v a_o alteration_n towards_o amendment_n and_o extinguish_v the_o lust_n of_o do_v the_o same_o again_o divers_a community_n leave_v such_o kind_n of_o punishment_n as_o be_v qualify_v with_o this_o end_n to_o be_v exercise_v by_o master_n over_o the_o member_n of_o their_o own_o family_n but_o it_o never_o be_v think_v good_a they_o shall_v proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o death_n because_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a be_v past_a amendment_n in_o the_o next_o place_n a_o punishment_n intend_v offend_v ix_o upon_o the_o party_n offend_v the_o good_a of_o the_o party_n offend_v secure_v he_o that_o he_o suffer_v not_o the_o like_a mischief_n for_o the_o future_a either_o from_o the_o same_o or_o other_o person_n it_o secure_v he_o from_o the_o same_o if_o the_o man_n life_n or_o pardon_v that_o his_o power_n to_o do_v hurt_v be_v take_v from_o he_o or_o perhaps_o sad_a experience_n unteach_v he_o the_o be_v he_o have_v learn_v to_o offend_v it_o secure_v he_o from_o other_o by_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o most_o open_a and_o public_a manner_n accompany_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o form_n and_o pomp_n that_o be_v apt_a to_o strike_v a_o dread_n into_o as_o many_o as_o behold_v it_o in_o a_o word_n the_o good_a of_o all_o people_n be_v all._n x._o upon_o all._n intend_v by_o the_o execution_n of_o punishment_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v care_n be_v take_v that_o he_o who_o have_v do_v a_o mischief_n to_o one_o shall_v do_v no_o such_o mischief_n again_o to_o another_o the_o terror_n of_o who_o example_n may_v also_o be_v a_o antidote_n for_o the_o rest_n against_o the_o temptation_n to_o his_o crime_n and_o this_o good_a accrue_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o former_a but_o if_o together_o with_o the_o end_n of_o punishment_n they_o xi_o internal_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n not_o subject_a to_o they_o we_o consider_v the_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n we_o shall_v see_v that_o all_o sin_n be_v not_o of_o that_o quality_n that_o they_o must_v necessary_o fall_v under_o the_o sentence_n of_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n within_o itself_o which_o be_v mere_o internal_a as_o think_v upon_o a_o sin_n with_o delight_n covet_v desire_v resolve_v to_o do_v a_o ill_a thing_n but_o without_o effect_n though_o they_o shall_v be_v afterward_o make_v know_v by_o man_n own_o confession_n yet_o be_v all_o exempt_v from_o the_o stroke_n of_o humane_a punishment_n for_o so_o long_o as_o those_o internal_a motion_n have_v not_o occasion_v the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o who_o do_v it_o concern_v or_o profit_n to_o cause_v the_o author_n to_o suffer_v for_o the_o same_o it_o will_v also_o be_v over-severe_a in_o law_n to_o lapse_n xii_o nor_o minute_n lapse_n punish_v the_o most_o minute_n lapse_n in_o the_o action_n of_o man_n when_o in_o the_o condition_n of_o our_o nature_n the_o great_a attention_n can_v prevent_v they_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n of_o action_n action_n xiii_o and_o other_o action_n more_o of_o which_o the_o public_a law_n dissemble_v the_o take_n of_o any_o notice_n for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o sometime_o because_o a_o good_a act_n shine_v with_o great_a glory_n by_o be_v wrought_v without_o sight_n of_o a_o constraint_n or_o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o worth_a the_o trouble_v of_o judge_n and_o court_n about_o it_o or_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n extraordinary_o difficult_a to_o be_v decide_v or_o some_o old_a inveterate_a evil_n which_o can_v be_v remove_v without_o cause_v a_o convulsion_n in_o the_o state_n add_v hereunto_o the_o vice_n of_o the_o mind_n mind_n fourteen_o nor_o the_o vice_n of_o the_o mind_n flow_v from_o the_o common_a corruption_n that_o reign_v in_o the_o world_n as_o ambition_n avarice_n rudeness_n ingratitude_n hypocrisy_n envy_n pride_n anger_n private_a grudge_n and_o the_o like_a all_o these_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v exempt_v from_o the_o cognisance_n of_o humane_a judicature_n so_o long_o as_o they_o break_v not_o out_o into_o public_a enormity_n see_v they_o abound_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o if_o you_o shall_v severe_o pursue_v they_o with_o punishment_n there_o will_v be_v no_o people_n leave_v to_o be_v command_v further_o when_o there_o have_v be_v pardon_n xv._o of_o pardon_n crime_n commit_v which_o be_v punishable_a by_o the_o civil_a judicature_n it_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a to_o exert_v the_o execution_n of_o justice_n upon_o they_o for_o in_o some_o case_n a_o pardon_n may_v possible_o be_v extend_v to_o criminal_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o reason_n as_o it_o never_o ought_v to_o be_v grant_v without_o it_o and_o among_o other_o reason_n these_o especial_o may_v be_v some_o that_o the_o end_n which_o be_v intend_v by_o punishment_n seem_v not_o so_o necessary_a to_o be_v attend_v in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n where_o a_o pardon_n may_v produce_v more_o good_a than_o
society_n and_o this_o too_o be_v very_o evident_a in_o the_o prohibitory_a precept_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o natural_a not_o positive_a law_n for_o although_o every_o command_n do_v virtual_o contain_v in_o itself_o a_o prohibition_n of_o the_o opposite_a vice_n as_o for_o instance_n he_o that_o be_v command_v to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n forbid_v to_o do_v such_o action_n as_o may_v any_o way_n thwart_v or_o contradict_v this_o duty_n of_o love_n yet_o it_o seem_v superfluous_a that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o express_a command_n where_o there_o be_v no_o disorderly_a inclination_n to_o excite_v man_n to_o the_o commit_v such_o wrong_n for_o the_o illustration_n of_o which_o this_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o solon_n will_v by_o no_o public_a law_n enact_v any_o punishment_n for_o parricide_n because_o he_o think_v that_o no_o child_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o so_o horrid_a a_o impiety_n the_o like_a whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o what_o be_v report_v by_o francis_n lopez_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o west-indies_n chap._n 207._o concernning_n the_o people_n of_o nicaragua_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v not_o appoint_v any_o punishment_n for_o those_o who_o shall_v kill_v their_o prince_n because_o say_v they_o there_o can_v be_v no_o subject_a who_o will_v contrive_v or_o perpetrate_v so_o base_a a_o action_n i_o be_o afraid_a it_o may_v savour_v too_o much_o of_o affectation_n to_o enlarge_v any_o far_o in_o the_o proof_n of_o what_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o clear_a and_o evident_a yet_o i_o shall_v add_v this_o one_o example_n fit_v to_o the_o mean_a capacity_n suppose_v there_o be_v two_o child_n but_o of_o different_a disposition_n commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o a_o certain_a person_n one_o whereof_o be_v modest_a and_o bashful_a take_v great_a delight_n in_o his_o study_n the_o other_o prove_v unruly_a surly_a give_v himself_o over_o more_o to_o loose_v pleasure_n than_o to_o learning_n now_o the_o duty_n of_o both_o of_o these_o be_v the_o same_o to_o follow_v their_o study_n but_o the_o particular_a precept_n proper_a to_o each_o be_v different_a for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o advise_v the_o former_a to_o what_o kind_n of_o study_n he_o must_v apply_v himself_o at_o what_o time_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v follow_v but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o he_o must_v be_v enjoin_v under_o severe_a penalty_n not_o to_o wander_v abroad_o not_o to_o game_n not_o to_o sell_v his_o book_n not_o to_o get_v other_o to_o make_v his_o exercise_n not_o to_o play_v the_o good_a fellow_n not_o to_o run_v after_o harlot_n now_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v undertake_v in_o a_o set_a discourse_n to_o declaim_v against_o these_o thing_n to_o he_o of_o the_o contrary_a temper_n the_o child_n may_v very_o well_o enjoin_v he_o silence_n and_o bid_v he_o inculcate_v they_o to_o any_o body_n else_o rather_o than_o to_o he_o who_o take_v no_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n in_o such_o practice_n from_o whence_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o manifest_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v have_v a_o quite_o different_a face_n if_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v man_n as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o primitive_a state_n of_o innocence_n and_o now_o since_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o this_o science_n whereby_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o moral_a divinity_n be_v so_o clear_o set_v down_o it_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o other_o science_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n physic_n natural_a philosophy_n and_o the_o mathematics_n wherein_o if_o any_o unskilful_a person_n presume_v to_o meddle_v assume_v to_o himself_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o censor_n without_o any_o authority_n he_o may_v fair_o have_v that_o object_v to_o he_o which_o be_v former_o do_v by_o apelles_n to_o megabyzus_n who_o undertake_v to_o talk_v at_o random_n about_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v pray_v say_v he_o be_v silent_a lest_o the_o boy_n laugh_v at_o you_o who_o pretend_v to_o talk_v of_o matter_n you_o do_v not_o understand_v now_o upon_o the_o whole_a i_o be_o content_v to_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o discreet_a and_o intelligent_a person_n but_o as_o for_o ignorant_a and_o spiteful_a detractor_n it_o be_v better_a to_o leave_v they_o to_o themselves_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o own_o folly_n and_o malice_n since_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n the_o ethiopian_n can_v change_v his_o skin_n content_n book_n i._n chap._n i._n of_o human_a action_n pag._n 1._o ii_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o human_a action_n or_o of_o law_n in_o general_n 25_o iii_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 33_o iu._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n or_o concern_v natural_a religion_n 50_o v._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o himself_o 64_o vi._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o one_o man_n towards_o another_o and_o first_o of_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o man._n 88_o vii_o the_o natural_a equality_n of_o man_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v 98_o viii_o of_o the_o mutual_a duty_n of_o humanity_n 105_o ix_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o make_v contract_n 112_o x._o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o discourse_n 131_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o oath_n 138_o xii_o duty_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o acquire_v possession_n of_o thing_n 145_o xiii_o the_o duty_n which_o natural_o result_v from_o man_n property_n in_o thing_n 160_o fourteen_o of_o the_o price_n and_o value_n of_o thing_n 164_o xv._o of_o those_o contract_n in_o which_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n be_v presuppose_v and_o of_o the_o duty_n thence_o arise_v 174_o xvi_o the_o several_a method_n by_o which_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o contract_n be_v dissolve_v 191._o xvii_o of_o mean_v or_o interpretation_n 196_o book_n ii_o chap._n i._n of_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o men._n 207_o ii_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o marry_v state_n 220_o iii_o the_o duty_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n 228_o iu._n the_o duty_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n 237_o v._n the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o constitute_v community_n 241_o vi._n of_o the_o internal_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o any_o state_n or_o government_n 249_o vii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o government_n 259_o viii_o of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o government_n 265_o ix_o the_o qualification_n of_o civil_a government_n 273_o x._o how_o government_n especial_o monarchical_a be_v acquire_v 276_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o supreme_a governor_n 283_o xii_o of_o the_o special_a law_n of_o a_o community_n 293_o xiii_o of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n 299_o fourteen_o of_o reputation_n 310_o xv._o of_o the_o power_n of_o governor_n over_o the_o good_n of_o their_o subject_n 316_o xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n 319_o xvii_o of_o alliance_n 329_o xviii_o the_o duty_n of_o subject_n 333_o write_v by_o the_o same_o author_n and_o translate_v by_o j._n c._n the_o history_n of_o popedom_n contain_v a_o account_n of_o the_o rise_v progress_n and_o decay_n thereof_o sell_v by_o c._n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over_o against_o s._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n and_o j._n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n cornhill_n the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n book_n i._n chap._n i._o of_o human_a action_n what_o we_o mean_v here_o by_o duty_n i._o what_o be_v duty_n the_o word_n duty_n be_v that_o action_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v regular_o order_v according_a to_o some_o prescribe_a law_n so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v thereto_o oblige_v to_o the_o understanding_n whereof_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o premise_v somewhat_o as_o well_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o human_a action_n as_o concern_v law_n in_o general_n by_o a_o human_a action_n we_o mean_v not_o action_n ii_o what_o a_o human_a action_n every_o motion_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o faculty_n of_o a_o man_n but_o such_o only_a as_o have_v their_o original_a and_o direction_n from_o those_o faculty_n which_o god_n almighty_a have_v endow_v mankind_n withal_o distinct_a from_o brute_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v undertake_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will._n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o put_v in_o the_o power_n capacity_n iii_o human_a capacity_n of_o man_n to_o know_v the_o various_a thing_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n to_o compare_v they_o one_o with_o another_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o form_n to_o himself_o new_a notion_n but_o he_o be_v able_a to_o look_v forward_o and_o to_o consider_v what_o he_o be_v to_o do_v and_o to_o carry_v himself_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o and_o this_o to_o do_v after_o some_o certain_a manner_n and_o to_o some_o certain_a end_n and_o then_o he_o can_v collect_v what_o will_v be_v the_o
in_o this_o state_n it_o be_v apt_a to_o procure_v a_o abhorrence_n rather_o than_o a_o favourable_a interpretation_n of_o what_o be_v do_v by_o its_o impulse_n now_o of_o human_a action_n as_o those_o be_v involuntary_a xvi_o action_n involuntary_a call_v voluntary_a which_o proceed_v from_o and_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o will_n so_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v witting_o altogether_o against_o the_o will_n these_o be_v call_v involuntary_a take_v the_o word_n in_o the_o narrow_a sense_n for_o take_v it_o in_o the_o large_a it_o comprehend_v even_o those_o which_o be_v do_v through_o ignorance_n but_o involuntary_a in_o this_o place_n be_v to_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o force_v that_o be_v when_o by_o a_o external_a power_n which_o be_v strong_a a_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o use_v his_o member_n in_o any_o action_n to_o which_o he_o yet_o signify_v his_o dissent_n and_o aversion_n by_o sign_n and_o particular_o by_o counterstrive_v with_o his_o body_n less_o proper_o those_o action_n be_v also_o call_v involuntary_a which_o by_o the_o imposition_n of_o a_o great_a necessity_n be_v choose_v to_o be_v do_v as_o the_o lesser_a evil_n and_o for_o the_o act_v whereof_o the_o person_n have_v the_o great_a abomination_n have_v he_o not_o be_v set_v under_o such_o necessity_n these_o action_n therefore_o be_v call_v mix_v with_o voluntary_a action_n they_o have_v this_o in_o common_a that_o in_o the_o present_a state_n of_o thing_n the_o will_n choose_v they_o as_o the_o lesser_a evil._n with_o the_o involuntary_a they_o be_v after_o a_o sort_n the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o effect_n because_o they_o render_v the_o agent_n either_o not_o at_o all_o or_o not_o so_o heinous_o unblamable_a as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v do_v spontaneous_o those_o human_a action_n then_o which_o imputable_a xvii_o voluntary_a action_n imputable_a proceed_v from_o and_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o will_n have_v particular_o this_o natural_a propriety_n that_o they_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o doer_n that_o be_v that_o a_o man_n may_v just_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o they_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o such_o his_o do_v and_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o whether_o good_a or_o bad_a be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o true_a reason_n why_o any_o action_n shall_v be_v imputable_a to_o a_o man_n than_o that_o he_o do_v it_o either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o know_o and_o willing_o or_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o have_v do_v the_o same_o or_o to_o have_v let_v it_o alone_o hence_o it_o obtain_v as_o the_o prime_a axiom_n in_o matter_n of_o morality_n which_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o human_a forum_n that_o every_o man_n be_v accountable_a for_o all_o such_o action_n the_o performance_n or_o omission_n of_o which_o be_v in_o his_o own_o choice_n or_o which_o be_v tantamount_n that_o every_o action_n capable_a of_o human_a direction_n be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o who_o may_v or_o may_v not_o have_v do_v it_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a no_o man_n can_v be_v repute_v the_o author_n of_o that_o action_n which_o neither_o in_o itself_o nor_o in_o its_o cause_n be_v in_o his_o power_n from_z these_o premise_n we_o shall_v deduce_v premise_n xviii_o conclusion_n from_o the_o premise_n some_o particular_a proposition_n by_o which_o shall_v be_v ascertain_v what_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v accountable_a for_o or_o in_o other_o word_n which_o be_v those_o action_n and_o consequence_n of_o which_o any_o one_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v as_o author_n none_o of_o those_o action_n which_o be_v conclusion_n the_o first_o conclusion_n do_v by_o another_o man_n nor_o any_o operation_n of_o whatsoever_o other_o thing_n neither_o any_o accident_n can_v be_v imputable_a to_o another_o person_n but_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n or_o as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o guide_v such_o action_n for_o nothing_o be_v more_o common_a in_o the_o world_n than_o to_o subject_v the_o do_n of_o one_o man_n to_o the_o manage_n and_o direction_n of_o another_o here_o then_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v perpetrate_v by_o one_o which_o have_v not_o be_v do_v if_o the_o other_o have_v perform_v his_o duty_n and_o exert_v his_o power_n this_o action_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o who_o immediate_o do_v the_o fact_n but_o upon_o the_o other_o also_o who_o neglect_v to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o power_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o some_o restriction_n so_o as_o that_o possibility_n may_v be_v take_v moral_o and_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n for_o no_o subjection_n can_v be_v so_o strict_a as_o to_o extinguish_v all_o manner_n of_o liberty_n in_o the_o person_n subject_v but_o so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o resist_v and_o act_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o his_o superior_a neither_o will_v the_o state_n of_o human_a nature_n bear_v that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o affix_v to_o the_o side_n of_o another_o so_o as_o to_o observe_v all_o his_o motion_n therefore_o when_o a_o superior_a have_v do_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v require_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o director-ship_n and_o yet_o somewhat_o be_v act_v amiss_o this_o shall_v be_v lay_v only_o to_o the_o charge_n of_o he_o that_o do_v it_o thus_o whereas_o man_n exercise_v dominion_n over_o other_o animal_n what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o to_o the_o detriment_n of_o another_o shall_v be_v charge_v upon_o the_o owner_n as_o suppose_v he_o to_o have_v be_v want_v of_o due_a care_n and_o circumspection_n so_o also_o all_o those_o mischief_n which_o be_v bring_v upon_o another_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o that_o person_n who_o when_o he_o can_v and_o ought_v yet_o do_v not_o take_v out_o of_o the_o way_n the_o cause_n and_o occasion_n thereof_o according_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o man_n to_o promote_v or_o suspend_v the_o operation_n of_o many_o natural_a agent_n whatsoever_o advantage_n or_o damage_n be_v wrought_v by_o these_o they_o shall_v be_v accountable_a for_o by_o who_o application_n or_o neglect_v the_o same_o be_v occasion_v beside_o sometime_o there_o be_v extraordinary_a case_n when_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o such_o event_n as_o be_v above_o human_a direction_n as_o when_o god_n shall_v do_v particular_a work_n with_o regard_n to_o some_o single_a person_n these_o and_o the_o like_a case_n be_v except_v for_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o suffice_v if_o a_o man_n can_v give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o own_o do_n whatsoever_o qualification_n a_o conclusion_n xix_o the_o second_o conclusion_n man_n have_v or_o have_v not_o which_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n to_o exert_v or_o not_o to_o exert_v must_v not_o be_v impute_v to_o he_o unless_o so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v want_v in_o industry_n to_o supply_v such_o natural_a defect_n or_o do_v not_o rouse_v up_o his_o native_a faculty_n so_o because_o no_o man_n can_v give_v himself_o a_o acuteness_n of_o judgement_n and_o strength_n of_o body_n therefore_o no_o one_o be_v to_o be_v blame_v for_o want_v of_o either_o or_o commend_v for_o have_v they_o except_o so_o far_o as_o he_o improve_v or_o neglect_v the_o cultivate_a thereof_o thus_o clownishness_n be_v not_o unblamable_a in_o a_o rustic_a but_o in_o a_o courtier_n or_o citizen_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o reproach_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v extreme_o absurd_a which_o be_v ground_v upon_o quality_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v not_o in_o our_o power_n as_o short_a stature_n a_o deform_a countenance_n and_o the_o like_a those_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v conclusion_n xx._n the_o three_o conclusion_n through_o invincible_a ignorance_n be_v not_o imputable_a because_o we_o can_v proper_o direct_v our_o action_n unless_o by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o it_o be_v here_o suppose_v man_n be_v unable_a to_o procure_v such_o light_n neither_o be_v we_o to_o blame_v that_o we_o can_v now_o in_o the_o common_a affair_n of_o life_n the_o word_n possible_a be_v to_o be_v moral_o understand_v and_o by_o ability_n be_v mean_v that_o faculty_n diligence_n and_o circumspection_n which_o be_v common_o judge_v to_o suffice_v and_o which_o be_v well_o support_v with_o probable_a reason_n ignorance_n of_o or_o error_n concern_v the_o conclusion_n xxi_o the_o four_o conclusion_n law_n and_o that_o duty_n which_o be_v incumbent_n upon_o every_o man_n do_v not_o excuse_v from_o blame_n for_o whosoever_o impose_v law_n and_o service_n be_v wont_a and_o aught_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o subject_n have_v notice_n thereof_o and_o these_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o duty_n general_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v order_v to_o the_o capacity_n of_o such_o subject_a if_o they_o be_v such_o as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o know_v and_o remember_v
actual_o drive_v another_o way_n yet_o we_o find_v ourselves_o hereby_o strike_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o internal_a sense_n that_o if_o our_o action_n be_v not_o perform_v according_a to_o the_o prescript_n rule_v we_o can_v but_o confess_v we_o have_v not_o do_v right_o and_o if_o any_o mischief_n happen_v to_o we_o upon_o that_o account_n we_o may_v fair_o charge_v ourselves_o with_o the_o same_o because_o it_o may_v have_v be_v avoid_v if_o the_o rule_n have_v be_v follow_v as_o it_o ought_v and_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n why_o man_n obligation_n iv_o man_n subject_n to_o obligation_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o a_o obligation_n one_o be_v because_o he_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o will_n which_o may_v be_v divers_a way_n direct_v and_o so_o be_v conform_v to_o a_o rule_n the_o other_o because_o man_n be_v not_o exempt_a from_o the_o power_n of_o a_o superior_a for_o where_o the_o faculty_n of_o any_o agent_n be_v by_o nature_n form_v only_o for_o one_o way_n of_o act_v there_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o expect_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v of_o choice_n and_o to_o such_o a_o creature_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o prescribe_v any_o rule_n because_o it_o be_v uncapable_a of_o understand_v the_o same_o or_o conform_v its_o action_n thereto_o now_o if_o there_o be_v any_o one_o who_o have_v no_o superior_a then_o there_o be_v no_o power_n that_o can_v of_o right_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o he_o and_o if_o he_o perpetual_o observe_v a_o certain_a rule_n in_o what_o he_o do_v and_o constant_o abstain_v from_o do_v many_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o act_v thus_o from_o any_o obligation_n that_o lie_v upon_o he_o but_o from_o his_o own_o good_a pleasure_n it_o will_v follow_v then_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o obligation_n who_o have_v a_o superior_a and_o be_v able_a to_o understand_v the_o rule_n prescribe_v and_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o will_v which_o may_v be_v direct_v several_a way_n and_o yet_o which_o when_o the_o law_n be_v promulge_v by_o his_o superior_a know_v he_o can_v right_o depart_v therefrom_o and_o with_o all_o these_o faculty_n it_o be_v plain_a mankind_n be_v furnish_v a_o obligation_n be_v superinduce_v upon_o oblige_v v._o who_o can_v oblige_v the_o will_n of_o man_n proper_o by_o a_o superior_a that_o be_v not_o only_o by_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v great_a or_o strong_a can_v punish_v gainsayer_n but_o by_o he_o who_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o restrain_v the_o liberty_n of_o our_o will_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n now_o when_o any_o man_n have_v either_o of_o these_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v signify_v what_o he_o will_v have_v it_o necessary_o stir_v up_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o party_n concern_v fear_v mix_v with_o reverence_n towards_o the_o first_o in_o contemplation_n of_o his_o power_n and_o towards_o the_o second_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o those_o other_o reason_n which_o even_o without_o fear_n aught_o to_o allure_v any_o man_n to_o a_o compliance_n with_o his_o will._n for_o he_o that_o can_v give_v i_o no_o other_o reason_n for_o put_v i_o under_o a_o obligation_n against_o my_o will_n beside_o this_o that_o he_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o i_o he_o true_o may_v so_o terrify_v i_o that_o i_o may_v think_v it_o better_a to_o obey_v he_o for_o a_o while_n than_o suffer_v a_o great_a evil_n but_o when_o this_o fear_n be_v over_o nothing_o any_o long_a hinder_v but_o that_o i_o may_v act_v after_o my_o own_o choice_n and_o not_o he_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o that_o have_v nothing_o but_o argument_n to_o prove_v that_o i_o shall_v obey_v he_o but_o want_v power_n to_o do_v i_o any_o mischief_n if_o i_o deny_v i_o may_v with_o impunity_n slight_a his_o command_n except_o one_o more_o potent_a take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v good_a his_o despise_a authority_n now_o the_o reason_n upon_o which_o one_o man_n may_v just_o exact_v subjection_n from_o another_o be_v if_o he_o have_v be_v to_o the_o other_o the_o original_a of_o some_o extraordinary_a good_a and_o if_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o design_v the_o other_o welfare_n and_o be_v able_a to_o provide_v better_o for_o he_o than_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o himself_o to_o do_v and_o on_o the_o same_o account_n do_v actual_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o government_n of_o he_o and_o last_o if_o any_o one_o do_v voluntary_o surrender_v his_o liberty_n to_o another_o and_o subject_n himself_o to_o his_o direction_n furthermore_o that_o a_o law_n may_v know_v vi_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v know_v exert_v its_o force_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v promulge_v it_o be_v require_v that_o both_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o law_n also_o be_v know_v for_o no_o man_n can_v pay_v obedience_n if_o he_o know_v not_o who_o he_o be_v to_o obey_v and_o what_o he_o be_v to_o perform_v now_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o legislator_n be_v very_o easy_a because_o from_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o same_o must_v be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o be_v the_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n in_o civil_a society_n be_v ignorant_a who_o it_o be_v that_o have_v power_n over_o he_o then_o for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v how_o we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o and_o as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o a_o man_n country_n or_o city_n the_o subject_n have_v notice_n give_v of_o they_o by_o a_o publication_n plain_o and_o open_o make_v in_o which_o these_o two_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v ascertain_v that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n be_v he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o the_o community_n and_o that_o this_o or_o that_o be_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v know_v if_o he_o shall_v promulge_v the_o law_n with_o his_o own_o mouth_n or_o deliver_v it_o under_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o else_o if_o the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o such_o as_o be_v delegated_a to_o that_o purpose_n by_o he_o who_o authority_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o call_v in_o question_n if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o such_o their_o act_n belong_v to_o that_o office_n they_o bear_v in_o the_o public_a and_o that_o they_o be_v regular_o place_v in_o the_o administration_n thereof_o if_o these_o law_n be_v to_o be_v put_v judicial_o in_o execution_n and_o if_o they_o contain_v nothing_o derogatory_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n that_o the_o latter_a that_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o law_n be_v know_v it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o those_o who_o promulge_v it_o in_o so_o do_v to_o use_v the_o great_a perspicuity_n and_o plainness_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n obscure_a do_v occur_v therein_o a_o explanation_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v of_o the_o legislator_n or_o of_o those_o who_o be_v public_o constitute_v to_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o law_n of_o every_o perfect_a law_n there_o be_v two_o law_n vii_o two_o part_n of_o a_o perfect_a law_n part_n one_o whereby_o it_o be_v direct_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v the_o other_o wherein_o be_v declare_v what_o punishment_n he_o shall_v incur_v who_o neglect_v to_o do_v what_o be_v command_v or_o attempt_n that_o which_o be_v prohibit_v for_o as_o through_o the_o pravity_n of_o human_a nature_n ever_o incline_v to_o thing_n forbid_v it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o say_v do_v this_o if_o no_o punishment_n shall_v be_v undergo_v by_o he_o who_o disobey_v so_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o say_v you_o shall_v be_v punish_v except_o some_o reason_n precede_v by_o which_o a_o punishment_n be_v deserve_v thus_o than_o all_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n consist_v in_o signify_v what_o the_o superior_a require_v or_o forbid_v to_o be_v do_v and_o what_o punishment_n shall_v be_v inflict_v upon_o the_o violator_n but_o the_o power_n of_o oblige_v that_o be_v of_o impose_v a_o intrinsic_a necessity_n and_o the_o power_n of_o force_v or_o by_o the_o proposal_n of_o punishment_n compel_v the_o observation_n of_o law_n be_v proper_o in_o the_o legislator_n and_o in_o he_o to_o who_o the_o guardianship_n and_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n be_v commit_v whatsoever_o be_v enjoin_v by_o any_o essential_o viii_o other_o essential_o law_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o he_o to_o perform_v on_o who_o the_o injunction_n be_v lay_v but_o it_o ought_v to_o contain_v somewhat_o advantageous_a either_o to_o he_o or_o other_o for_o as_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a and_o cruel_a to_o exact_v the_o do_n of_o any_o thing_n from_o another_o under_o a_o penalty_n which_o it_o be_v and_o always_o be_v beyond_o his_o power_n to_o
perform_v so_o it_o will_v be_v silly_a and_o to_o no_o purpose_n to_o put_v a_o restraint_n upon_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o the_o will_n of_o any_o man_n if_o no_o one_o shall_v receive_v any_o benefit_n therefrom_o but_o though_o a_o law_n do_v strict_o include_v dispense_v ix_o power_n of_o dispense_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o legislator_n who_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o and_o who_o the_o say_a legislator_n at_o first_o intend_v not_o to_o be_v exempt_v yet_o sometime_o it_o happen_v that_o particular_a person_n may_v be_v clear_v of_o any_o obligation_n to_o such_o law_n and_o this_o be_v call_v dispense_v but_o as_o he_o only_o may_v dispense_v in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o make_v and_o abrogate_v the_o law_n so_o great_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v lest_o by_o too_o frequent_a dispensation_n and_o such_o as_o be_v grant_v without_o very_o weighty_a reason_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n be_v shake_v and_o occasion_n be_v give_v of_o envy_n and_o animosity_n among_o subject_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o equity_n x._o equity_n equity_n and_o dispense_v equity_n be_v a_o correction_n of_o that_o in_o which_o the_o law_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o general_n comprehension_n be_v deficient_a or_o a_o apt_a interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o peculiar_a case_n which_o be_v not_o comprise_v in_o the_o universal_a law_n because_o if_o it_o be_v some_o absurdity_n will_v follow_v for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o all_o case_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o infinite_a variety_n shall_v be_v either_o foresee_v or_o explicit_o provide_v for_o therefore_o the_o judge_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o apply_v the_o general_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n to_o special_a case_n aught_o to_o except_v such_o from_o the_o influence_n of_o they_o as_o the_o lawgiver_n himself_o will_v have_v except_v if_o he_o be_v present_a or_o have_v foresee_v such_o case_n now_o the_o action_n of_o man_n obtain_v certain_a bad_a xi_o action_n allowable_a good_a and_o bad_a quality_n and_o denomination_n from_o their_o relation_n to_o and_o agreement_n with_o the_o law_n of_o morality_n and_o all_o those_o action_n concern_v which_o the_o law_n have_v determine_v nothing_o on_o either_o side_n be_v call_v allowable_a or_o permit_v although_o sometime_o in_o ordinary_a lawcase_n where_o all_o matter_n can_v be_v examine_v with_o the_o great_a accuracy_n those_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v allowable_a upon_o which_o the_o law_n have_v not_o assign_v some_o punishment_n though_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o repugnant_a to_o natural_a honesty_n and_o then_o those_o action_n which_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n be_v good_a those_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o it_o be_v call_v bad_a but_o that_o any_o action_n shall_v be_v good_a it_o be_v requisite_a that_o it_o be_v exact_o agreeable_a in_o every_o point_n to_o the_o law_n whereas_o it_o may_v be_v evil_a if_o it_o be_v deficient_a in_o one_o point_n only_o as_o for_o justice_n it_o be_v sometime_o the_o attribute_n person_n xii_o justice_n of_o person_n of_o action_n sometime_o of_o person_n when_o it_o be_v attribute_v to_o person_n it_o be_v usual_o define_v to_o be_v a_o constant_a and_o perpetual_a desire_n of_o give_v every_o one_o their_o own_o for_o he_o be_v call_v a_o just_a man_n who_o be_v delight_v in_o do_v righteous_a thing_n who_o study_v justice_n and_o in_o all_o his_o action_n endeavour_n to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v right_a on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o unjust_a man_n be_v he_o that_o neglect_v the_o give_v every_o man_n his_o own_o or_o if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v not_o because_o it_o be_v due_a but_o from_o expectation_n of_o advantage_n to_o himself_o so_o that_o a_o just_a man_n may_v sometime_o do_v unjust_a thing_n and_o a_o unjust_a man_n that_o which_o be_v just_a but_o the_o just_a do_v that_o which_o be_v right_a because_o he_o be_v so_o command_v by_o the_o law_n and_o act_v the_o contrary_a only_o through_o infirmity_n whereas_o the_o wicked_a man_n do_v a_o just_a thing_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o punishment_n which_o be_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o command_n but_o he_o act_v wrongful_o from_o the_o naughtiness_n of_o his_o heart_n but_o when_o justice_n be_v attribute_v to_o action_n xiii_o of_o action_n action_n than_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o right_a application_n of_o the_o same_o to_o the_o person_n and_o a_o just_a action_n do_v of_o choice_n or_o know_o and_o witting_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o person_n to_o who_o it_o be_v due_a so_o that_o the_o justice_n of_o action_n differ_v from_o goodness_n chief_o in_o this_o that_o the_o latter_a simple_o denote_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o law_n whereas_o justice_n also_o include_v the_o regard_n they_o have_v to_o those_o person_n upon_o who_o they_o be_v exercise_v upon_o which_o account_n justice_n be_v call_v a_o relative_n virtue_n man_n do_v not_o general_o agree_v about_o justice_n fourteen_o division_n of_o justice_n the_o division_n of_o justice_n the_o most_o receive_a distinction_n be_v into_o universal_a and_o particular_a the_o first_o be_v when_o every_o duty_n be_v practise_v and_o all_o right_n do_v to_o other_o even_o that_o which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v extort_a by_o force_n or_o by_o the_o rigour_n of_o law_n the_o latter_a be_v when_o that_o justice_n only_o be_v do_v a_o man_n which_o in_o his_o own_o right_n he_o can_v have_v demand_v and_o this_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v again_o divide_v into_o distributive_a and_o commutative_a the_o distributive_a take_v place_n in_o contract_n make_v between_o a_o society_n and_o its_o member_n concern_v fair_a partition_n of_o loss_n and_o gain_n according_a to_o a_o rate_n the_o commutative_a be_v most_o in_o bargain_n make_v upon_o even_a hand_n about_o thing_n and_o do_n relate_v to_o traffic_n and_o deal_v know_v thus_o what_o justice_n be_v what_o xv._o injustice_n what_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o collect_v what_o be_v injustice_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o such_o a_o unjust_a action_n be_v call_v wrong-doing_a which_o be_v premeditately_a undertake_v and_o by_o which_o a_o violence_n be_v do_v upon_o somewhat_o which_o of_o absolute_a right_n be_v another_o man_n due_a or_o which_o by_o like_a right_n he_o one_o way_n or_o other_o stand_v possess_v of_o and_o this_o wrong_n may_v be_v do_v after_o a_o threefold_a manner_n 1._o if_o that_o be_v deny_v to_o another_o which_o in_o his_o own_o right_n he_o may_v demand_v not_o account_v that_o which_o from_o courtesy_n or_o the_o like_a virtue_n may_v be_v another_o due_n or_o 2._o if_o that_o be_v take_v away_o from_o another_o of_o which_o by_o the_o same_o right_n then_o valid_a against_o the_o invader_n he_o be_v in_o full_a possession_n or_o 3._o if_o any_o damage_n be_v do_v to_o another_o which_o we_o have_v not_o authority_n to_o do_v to_o he_o beside_o which_o that_o a_o man_n may_v be_v charge_v with_o injustice_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o there_o be_v a_o naughty_a mind_n and_o a_o evil_a design_n in_o he_o that_o act_v it_o for_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o these_o in_o it_o then_o it_o be_v only_o call_v misfortune_n or_o a_o fault_n and_o that_o be_v so_o much_o slight_a or_o more_o grievous_a as_o the_o sloth_n and_o negligence_n which_o occasion_v it_o be_v great_a or_o less_o law_n with_o respect_n to_o their_o author_n distinguish_v xvi_o law_n distinguish_v be_v distinguish_v into_o divine_a and_o humane_a that_o proceed_v from_o god_n and_o this_o from_o man_n but_o if_o law_n be_v consider_v as_o they_o have_v a_o necessary_a and_o universal_a congruity_n with_o mankind_n they_o be_v then_o distinguish_v into_o natural_a and_o positive_a the_o former_a be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o agreeable_a with_o the_o rational_a and_o sociable_a nature_n of_o man_n that_o honest_a and_o peaceable_a society_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v up_o among_o mankind_n without_o it_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o this_o may_v be_v seek_v out_o and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o acquire_v by_o the_o light_n of_o that_o reason_n which_o be_v bear_v with_o every_o man_n and_o by_o a_o consideration_n of_o human_a nature_n in_o general_n the_o latter_a be_v that_o which_o take_v not_o its_o rise_n from_o the_o common_a condition_n of_o human_a nature_n but_o only_o from_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o legislator_n not_o that_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v without_o its_o reason_n but_o shall_v carry_v with_o it_o advantage_n to_o those_o man_n or_o that_o society_n for_o which_o it_o be_v design_v now_o the_o law_n divine_a be_v either_o natural_a or_o positive_a but_o all_o human_a law_n strict_o take_v be_v positive_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o man_n who_o have_v
though_o this_o be_v take_v care_n for_o in_o most_o commonwealth_n by_o law_n prescribe_v a_o certain_a term_n of_o year_n to_o all_o in_o general_a and_o in_o many_o place_n it_o be_v become_v a_o commendable_a custom_n to_o set_v these_o under_o the_o guardianship_n of_o wise_a man_n who_o authority_n must_v be_v have_v to_o any_o contract_n they_o make_v till_o the_o other_o youthful_a rashness_n be_v a_o little_a abate_v for_o person_n of_o this_o age_n however_o perhaps_o they_o may_v well_o enough_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v yet_o be_v prone_a to_o act_v with_o overmuch_a eagerness_n and_o imprudence_n and_o to_o be_v too_o free_a of_o their_o promise_n have_v great_a assurance_n desire_v to_o be_v account_v liberal_a apt_a to_o be_v obstinate_a in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o companion_n and_o not_o incline_v to_o wariness_n and_o necessary_a distrust_n so_o that_o he_o can_v hardly_o pass_v for_o a_o honest_a man_n who_o make_v any_o advantage_n of_o the_o easiness_n of_o this_o age_n and_o will_v gain_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o young_a people_n who_o for_o want_v of_o experience_n can_v not_o foresee_v or_o place_v a_o true_a estimate_n thereon_o consent_v also_o may_v be_v render_v invalid_a contract_n xii_o mistake_v in_o contract_n by_o a_o mistake_n or_o error_n concern_v which_o these_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o when_o to_o my_o promise_n some_o condition_n be_v suppose_v without_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v make_v such_o promise_n the_o same_o shall_v without_o the_o other_o have_v no_o obligation_n upon_o i_o for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o promiser_n do_v not_o engage_v absolute_o but_o upon_o a_o condition_n which_o not_o be_v make_v good_a the_o promise_n become_v null_a and_o void_a 2._o if_o i_o be_o draw_v into_o a_o bargain_n or_o contract_n by_o a_o mistake_n which_o mistake_v i_o find_v before_o as_o we_o use_v to_o say_v bulk_n be_v break_v or_o any_o thing_n do_v in_o order_n to_o the_o consummation_n thereof_o it_o be_v but_o equity_n that_o i_o shall_v be_v at_o liberty_n to_o retract_v especial_o if_o upon_o the_o contract_n make_v i_o plain_o signify_v for_o what_o reason_n i_o agree_v to_o it_o and_o that_o the_o other_o party_n suffer_v no_o damage_n by_o my_o go_v off_o from_o my_o bargain_n or_o if_o he_o do_v that_o i_o be_o ready_a to_o make_v reparation_n but_o when_o as_o be_v say_v afore_o bulk_n be_v break_v and_o the_o mistake_n be_v not_o find_v till_o the_o covenant_n be_v either_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n already_o perform_v the_o party_n who_o be_v under_o a_o error_n can_v retract_v any_o far_a than_o the_o other_o shall_v of_o courtesy_n release_v to_o he_o 3._o when_o a_o mistake_n shall_v happen_v concern_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o contract_n such_o contract_n be_v invalid_a not_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o mistake_n but_o because_o the_o bargain_n be_v not_o make_v good_a for_o in_o bargain_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o thing_n and_o all_o its_o qualification_n ought_v to_o be_v know_v without_o which_o knowledge_n a_o fair_a agreement_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v so_o that_o he_o who_o be_v like_a to_o suffer_v wrong_a by_o any_o defect_n therein_o either_o may_v throw_v up_o his_o bargain_n or_o force_v the_o other_o to_o make_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v or_o else_o to_o pay_v he_o the_o value_n if_o it_o happen_v through_o his_o knavery_n or_o negligence_n but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v draw_v into_o a_o promise_n contract_n xiii_o guileful_a contract_n or_o bargain_n by_o the_o craft_n and_o fraudulent_a mean_n of_o another_o then_o the_o matter_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v consider_v 1._o if_o a_o three_o man_n be_v guilty_a of_o the_o cheat_n and_o the_o party_n with_o who_o the_o bargain_n be_v drive_v be_v not_o concern_v in_o it_o the_o agreement_n will_v be_v valid_a but_o we_o may_v demand_v of_o he_o who_o practise_v the_o knavery_n so_o much_o as_o we_o be_v loser_n by_o be_v deceive_v 2._o he_o who_o knavish_o procure_v i_o to_o promise_v or_o contract_n with_o he_o shall_v not_o set_v i_o under_o any_o obligation_n 3._o if_o a_o man_n will_v indeed_o come_v free_o with_o a_o plain_a design_n to_o drive_v a_o bargain_n but_o in_o the_o very_a action_n shall_v have_v a_o trick_n put_v upon_o he_o suppose_v in_o the_o thing_n bargain_v for_o its_o quality_n or_o value_v the_o contract_n shall_v be_v so_o far_o naught_o as_o to_o leave_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o he_o who_o be_v deceive_v either_o to_o relinquish_v his_o bargain_n or_o to_o require_v satisfaction_n for_o his_o loss_n 4._o if_o unfair_a deal_n chance_n to_o be_v use_v in_o some_o thing_n not_o essential_a to_o the_o business_n and_o which_o be_v not_o express_o under_o regard_n this_o weaken_v not_o the_o agreement_n if_o for_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v regular_o make_v though_o perhaps_o one_o party_n may_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o it_o whilst_o he_o bargain_v and_o his_o opinion_n may_v be_v cunning_o cherish_v till_o the_o contract_n be_v perfect_o transact_v whensoever_o fear_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v suspicious_a fourteen_o contract_n suspicious_a in_o promise_n or_o bargain_n it_o be_v twofold_a and_o may_v either_o be_v call_v a_o probable_a suspicion_n lest_o we_o shall_v be_v deceive_v by_o another_o and_o this_o because_o he_o be_v one_o who_o be_v very_o much_o addict_v to_o unjust_a practice_n or_o have_v sufficient_o intimate_v his_o fraudulent_a design_n or_o else_o a_o panic_n terror_n of_o the_o mind_n arise_v from_o some_o grievous_a mischief_n threaten_v except_o we_o make_v such_o a_o promise_n or_o contract_n concern_v the_o first_o sort_n of_o fear_n or_o mistrust_v rather_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o he_o who_o trust_v the_o engagement_n of_o one_o who_o be_v notorious_o negligent_a of_o his_o word_n and_o troth_n act_v very_o imprudent_o but_o for_o that_o reason_n only_o can_v have_v no_o remedy_n but_o shall_v be_v oblige_v 2._o when_o a_o bargain_n be_v make_v and_o no_o new_a indication_n appear_v of_o any_o knavish_a design_n the_o same_o shall_v not_o be_v invalidate_v by_o any_o objection_n of_o fault_n which_o be_v sufficient_o know_v before_o the_o agreement_n for_o that_o reason_n which_o can_v not_o hinder_v the_o make_n of_o the_o bargain_n can_v excuse_v the_o fulfil_n of_o it_o 3._o where_o after_o the_o bargain_n make_v it_o appear_v plain_o that_o the_o other_o person_n intend_v to_o clude_v his_o part_n of_o the_o contract_n as_o soon_o as_o i_o have_v perform_v i_o here_o i_o can_v be_v force_v to_o comply_v first_o till_o i_o be_o secure_a of_o a_o performance_n on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o for_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o fear_v these_o fear_n xv._o contract_n through_o fear_n rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o contract_v enter_v into_o through_o fear_n occasion_v by_o a_o three_o man_n shall_v be_v valid_a for_o there_o be_v no_o defect_n in_o the_o other_o party_n to_o the_o bargain_n but_o he_o may_v recover_v of_o i_o what_o be_v his_o due_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v well_o worthy_a a_o recompense_n if_o by_o his_o interposition_n he_o have_v deliver_v i_o from_o fear_n of_o that_o other_o 2._o all_o such_o covenant_n as_o be_v make_v out_o of_o fear_n or_o reverence_n of_o our_o lawful_a superior_n or_o by_o the_o awe_n we_o have_v for_o those_o to_o who_o we_o be_v very_o much_o behold_v shall_v be_v firm_a and_o good_a 3._o those_o bargain_n which_o be_v wrongful_o and_o forcible_o extort_a from_o a_o man_n by_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o promise_n or_o agreement_n be_v make_v be_v invalid_a for_o the_o violence_n he_o unjust_o use_v to_o set_v i_o under_o that_o fear_n render_v he_o uncapable_a of_o pretend_v to_o any_o right_n against_o i_o on_o account_n of_o such_o action_n of_o i_o and_o whereas_o in_o other_o case_n every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o reparation_n of_o what_o wrong_v he_o shall_v do_v to_o another_o this_o restitution_n to_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v be_v understand_v as_o it_o be_v to_o take_v off_o any_o obligation_n from_o such_o promise_n since_o if_o what_o be_v promise_v be_v pay_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v immediate_o restore_v moreover_o not_o only_o in_o contract_n mutual_a xvi_o consent_v mutual_a but_o in_o promise_v the_o consent_n ought_v to_o be_v reciprocal_a that_o be_v both_o the_o promiser_n and_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v must_v agree_v in_o the_o thing_n for_o if_o the_o latter_a shall_v not_o consent_v or_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o what_o be_v offer_v the_o thing_n promise_v remain_v still_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o promiser_n for_o he_o that_o make_v a_o offer_n of_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o intend_v to_o force_v it_o upon_o one_o
that_o be_v unwilling_a to_o receive_v it_o nor_o yet_o to_o quit_v his_o own_o title_n to_o it_o therefore_o when_o the_o other_o deny_v acceptance_n he_o who_o proffer_v it_o lose_v nothing_o of_o his_o claim_n thereto_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o request_n before_o make_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v account_v to_o oblige_v so_o long_o as_o till_o such_o request_n be_v express_o revoke_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o thing_n will_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v accept_v beforehand_o provide_v yet_o that_o what_o be_v offer_v be_v proportion_v to_o what_o be_v desire_v for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o than_o a_o express_a acceptance_n be_v requisite_a because_o it_o may_v often_o do_v i_o no_o good_a to_o answer_v my_o request_n by_o half_n as_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o promise_n engagement_n xvii_o impossible_a engagement_n and_o contract_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o what_o we_o promise_v or_o make_v a_o bargain_n for_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o make_v good_a and_o that_o so_o to_o do_v be_v not_o prohibit_v by_o any_o law_n otherwise_o we_o engage_v ourselves_o either_o foolish_o or_o wicked_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v thing_n impossible_a but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o bargain-making_a be_v possible_a and_o yet_o afterward_o by_o some_o accident_n without_o any_o fault_n of_o the_o contracter_n become_v altogether_o impossible_a the_o contract_n shall_v be_v null_a if_o there_o be_v nothing_o as_o yet_o do_v in_o it_o but_o if_o one_o party_n have_v perform_v somewhat_o towards_o it_o what_o he_o have_v advance_v be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o he_o or_o a_o equivalent_a give_v and_o if_o this_o can_v be_v do_v by_o all_o mean_v it_o be_v to_o be_v endeavour_v that_o he_o suffer_v no_o loss_n thereby_o for_o in_o contract_n that_o be_v principal_o to_o be_v regard_v which_o be_v express_o in_o the_o bargain_n if_o this_o can_v be_v obtain_v it_o must_v suffice_v to_o give_v a_o equivalent_a but_o if_o neither_o can_v this_o be_v have_v at_o least_o the_o utmost_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o party_n undergo_v no_o damage_n but_o where_o any_o man_n shall_v design_o or_o by_o some_o very_a unblamable_a miscarriage_n render_v himself_o uncapable_a of_o make_v good_a his_o part_n of_o the_o bargain_n he_o be_v not_o only_o oblige_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n but_o aught_o also_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v up_o the_o amends_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o we_o can_v set_v engagement_n xviii_o unlawful_a engagement_n ourselves_o under_o any_o obligation_n to_o perform_v what_o be_v unlawful_a for_o no_o man_n can_v engage_v himself_o far_o than_o he_o have_v lawful_a authority_n so_o to_o do_v but_o that_o legislator_n who_o prohibit_v any_o action_n by_o a_o law_n take_v away_o all_o legal_a power_n of_o undertake_v it_o and_o disable_v any_o man_n from_o oblige_v himself_o to_o perform_v it_o for_o it_o will_v imply_v a_o contradiction_n to_o suppose_v that_o from_o a_o duty_n enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n shall_v flow_v a_o obligation_n to_o do_v that_o which_o the_o same_o law_n forbid_v to_o be_v do_v so_o that_o he_o transgress_v who_o promise_v to_o do_v what_o be_v unlawful_a but_o he_o be_v double_o a_o transgressor_n who_o perform_v it_o hence_o also_o it_o follow_v that_o neither_o be_v those_o promise_n to_o be_v keep_v the_o observation_n of_o which_o will_v be_v mischievous_a to_o he_o to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v because_o it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law-natural_a to_o do_v hurt_v to_o any_o man_n even_o though_o he_o do_v foolish_o desire_v it_o and_o if_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v to_o do_v some_o filthy_a and_o base_a thing_n neither_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v it_o if_o such_o filthy_a thing_n be_v do_v by_o one_o party_n pursuant_n to_o the_o bargain_n the_o other_o shall_v not_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v the_o reward_n agree_v for_o but_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v already_o give_v on_o that_o account_n it_o can_v be_v demand_v again_o and_o then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o such_o engagement_n etc._n xix_o engagement_n concern_v other_o man_n etc._n etc._n and_o bargain_n as_o we_o shall_v make_v of_o what_o belong_v to_o other_o man_n be_v altogether_o insignificant_a so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v not_o we_o but_o subject_a to_o the_o will_n and_o direction_n of_o other_o but_o if_o i_o promise_v thus_o i_o will_v use_v my_o endeavour_n that_o such_o a_o man_n always_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v one_o not_o absolute_o under_o my_o command_n shall_v do_v so_o or_o so_o then_o i_o be_o oblige_v by_o all_o method_n moral_o possible_a that_o be_v so_o far_o as_o the_o other_o can_v fair_o request_v of_o i_o and_o as_o will_v consist_v with_o civility_n to_o take_v pain_n to_o move_v that_o person_n to_o perform_v what_o be_v desire_v nay_o we_o can_v promise_v to_o a_o three_o man_n thing_n in_o our_o own_o possession_n or_o action_n to_o be_v do_v by_o ourselves_o to_o which_o another_o have_v acquire_v a_o right_n unless_o it_o be_v so_o order_v as_o not_o to_o be_v in_o force_n till_o the_o time_n of_o that_o other_o claim_v be_v expire_v for_o he_o who_o by_o antecedent_n pact_n or_o promise_n have_v already_o transfer_v his_o right_n to_o another_o have_v no_o more_o such_o right_o leave_v to_o pass_v over_o to_o a_o three_o person_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o engagement_n and_o bargain_n will_v be_v easy_o elude_v if_o a_o man_n after_o have_v contract_v with_o one_o may_v be_v at_o liberty_n to_o enter_v a_o treaty_n with_o another_o wherein_o disposal_n shall_v be_v make_v contrary_a to_o the_o first_o agreement_n and_o with_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a this_o shall_v consist_v which_o give_v foundation_n to_o that_o know_a rule_n first_o in_o time_n prior_n in_o right_n beside_o all_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v chief_o various_a xx._n condition_n various_a observe_v concern_v promise_n that_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v make_v positive_o and_o absolute_o or_o conditional_o that_o be_v when_o the_o validity_n thereof_o rely_v upon_o some_o event_n depend_v on_o chance_n or_o the_o will_n of_o man._n now_o condition_n be_v either_o possible_a or_o impossible_a and_o the_o former_a be_v subdivide_v into_o casual_a or_o fortuitous_a which_o we_o can_v cause_v to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v or_o arbitrary_a or_o such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v that_o they_o be_v or_o be_v not_o comply_v with_o or_o else_o mix_v the_o fulfil_n of_o which_o depend_v partly_o on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o person_n receive_v the_o promise_n and_o partly_o on_o chance_n impossible_a condition_n be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v natural_o or_o moral_o so_o that_o be_v some_o matter_n be_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n not_o capable_a of_o be_v do_v other_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o morality_n and_o as_o for_o these_o impossible_a condition_n if_o we_o follow_v the_o downright_a way_n of_o judge_v concern_v they_o they_o bring_v a_o negative_a sense_n upon_o the_o promissory_a word_n though_o it_o be_v true_a by_o law_n it_o may_v be_v provide_v that_o if_o they_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o serious_a business_n the_o pact_n may_v remain_v good_a reject_v these_o condition_n as_o if_o they_o have_v never_o be_v make_v that_o so_o man_n may_v not_o have_v busy_v themselves_o about_o that_o which_o otherwise_o can_v signify_v nothing_o last_o we_o promise_v and_o contract_v not_o contract_n xxi_o mediatory_a contract_n only_o in_o our_o own_o person_n but_o oftentimes_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o other_o man_n who_o we_o constitute_v the_o bearer_n and_o interpreter_n of_o our_o intention_n by_o who_o negotiation_n if_o they_o deal_v faithful_o by_o we_o in_o follow_v the_o instruction_n we_o give_v we_o be_v firm_o oblige_v to_o those_o person_n who_o transact_v with_o they_o as_o our_o deputy_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v do_v with_o the_o absolute_a conclusion_n xxii_o conclusion_n duty_n of_o man_n and_o with_o those_o by_o which_o we_o pass_v to_o the_o other_o the_o rest_n do_v all_o presuppose_v some_o human_a institution_n found_v upon_o a_o universal_a agreement_n and_o so_o introduce_v into_o the_o world_n or_o else_o some_o peculiar_a state_n or_o condition_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o institution_n there_o be_v three_o chief_o to_o be_v insist_v on_o to_o wit_n speech_n or_o discourse_n propriety_n and_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o government_n of_o mankind_n of_o each_o of_o these_o and_o of_o the_o duty_n arise_v therefrom_o we_o shall_v next_o discourse_n chap._n x._o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o discourse_n how_o useful_a and_o altogether_o necessary_a rule_n i._o general_n rule_n
be_v restrain_v inasmuch_o as_o such_o absurdity_n will_v thence_o otherwise_o arise_v 2._o from_o want_n of_o that_o reason_n which_o may_v chief_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v of_o that_o mind_n hence_o in_o a_o general_n expression_n those_o case_n be_v not_o comprehend_v which_o do_v no_o way_n agree_v with_o the_o sole_a and_o adequate_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n 3._o from_o defect_n of_o matter_n which_o always_o he_o that_o speak_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v consider_v and_o therefore_o all_o those_o general_a word_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o same_o now_o that_o a_o emergent_a state_n of_o thing_n case_n xii_o emergent_a case_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o person_n who_o make_v the_o constitution_n may_v be_v discover_v either_o from_o natural_a reason_n or_o else_o from_o some_o declare_a mark_n and_o signification_n of_o his_o mean_v the_o first_o happen_v when_o we_o must_v exclude_v equity_n if_o some_o certain_a case_n be_v not_o exempt_v from_o the_o universal_a law_n for_o equity_n be_v the_o correct_v of_o what_o be_v defective_a in_o the_o law_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o universality_n and_o because_o all_o case_n can_v neither_o be_v foresee_v nor_o set_v down_o because_o of_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o they_o therefore_o when_o general_a word_n be_v apply_v to_o special_a case_n those_o case_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o exempt_a which_o the_o lawgiver_n himself_o will_v likewise_o have_v exempt_v if_o he_o have_v be_v consult_v upon_o such_o a_o case_n but_o we_o must_v not_o have_v recourse_n to_o equity_n unless_o there_o be_v very_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o it_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v if_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v be_v violate_v if_o we_o follow_v too_o close_o the_o letter_n of_o that_o law_n the_o next_o ground_n of_o exception_n be_v that_o though_o it_o be_v not_o indeed_o unlawful_a to_o keep_v to_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o if_o upon_o a_o impartial_a consideration_n the_o thing_n shall_v seem_v too_o grievous_a and_o burdensome_a either_o to_o man_n in_o general_n or_o to_o some_o certain_a person_n or_o else_o if_o the_o design_n be_v not_o of_o that_o value_n as_o to_o be_v purchase_v at_o so_o dear_a a_o rate_n last_o a_o exception_n be_v to_o be_v make_v time_n xiii_o exception_n with_o regard_n to_o time_n from_o a_o general_n expression_n if_o word_n put_v in_o another_o place_n be_v not_o indeed_o direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o present_a law_n oâ—_n agreement_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o circumstance_n in_o time_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la can_v be_v observe_v all_o at_o once_o here_o therefore_o some_o certain_a rule_n be_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o order_n to_o understand_v what_o law_n in_o that_o case_n when_o both_o can_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v 1._o that_o which_o be_v only_o permit_v be_v to_o give_v place_n to_o what_o be_v enjoin_v 2._o what_o must_v be_v do_v at_o some_o certain_a time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o that_o which_o may_v be_v do_v at_o any_o time_n 3._o a_o affirmative_a precept_n give_v place_n to_o the_o negative_a or_o when_o the_o affirmative_a precept_n can_v be_v observe_v without_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o negative_a the_o performance_n of_o the_o former_a be_v to_o be_v omit_v for_o the_o present_a 4._o among_o agreement_n and_o law_n which_o be_v otherwise_o of_o equal_a authority_n a_o particular_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o general_n one_o 5._o of_o two_o covenant_n make_v together_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v found_v upon_o more_o honourable_a and_o beneficial_a reason_n than_o the_o other_o it_o be_v but_o equal_a that_o the_o former_a shall_v take_v place_n of_o the_o latter_a 6._o a_o covenant_n or_o contract_n that_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n take_v place_n of_o one_o which_o be_v not_o so_o when_o both_o can_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n 7._o a_o imperfect_a obligation_n give_v place_n to_o that_o which_o be_v perfect_a 8._o the_o duty_n of_o beneficence_n all_o circumstance_n right_o compare_v give_v place_n to_o the_o duty_n of_o gratitude_n the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n book_n ii_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o men._n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o inquire_v man._n i._o condition_n of_o man._n concern_v those_o duty_n which_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o a_o man_n with_o regard_n to_o that_o particular_a state_n wherein_o he_o find_v himself_o ordain_v by_o providence_n to_o live_v in_o the_o world_n what_o we_o mean_v by_o such_o state_n be_v in_o general_a that_o condition_n or_o degree_n with_o all_o its_o relative_n in_o which_o man_n be_v place_v they_o be_v therefore_o suppose_v to_o be_v oblige_v to_o those_o or_o these_o performance_n and_o such_o state_n whatever_o it_o be_v have_v some_o peculiar_a right_n and_o office_n thereunto_o belong_v the_o state_n of_o man_n then_o may_v be_v distinguish_v adventitious_a ii_o twofold_n natural_a and_o adventitious_a into_o either_o natural_a or_o adventitious_a the_o natural_a state_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o light_n of_o natural_a reason_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o threefold_a either_o as_o it_o regard_v god_n our_o creator_n or_o as_o it_o concern_v every_o single_a man_n as_o to_o himself_o or_o as_o it_o affect_v other_o man_n concern_v all_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n consider_v first_o iii_o natural_a state_n threefold_a first_o in_o the_o first_o mention_v way_n be_v that_o condition_n wherein_o he_o be_v place_v by_o the_o creator_n pursuant_n to_o his_o divine_a will_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o most_o excellent_a animal_n in_o the_o whole_a creation_n from_o the_o consideration_n of_o which_o state_n it_o follow_v that_o man_n ought_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o author_n of_o his_o be_v to_o pay_v he_o adoration_n and_o to_o admire_v the_o work_n of_o his_o hand_n and_o moreover_o to_o lead_v his_o life_n after_o a_o different_a manner_n from_o that_o of_o the_o brute_n so_o that_o the_o contrary_a to_o this_o state_n be_v the_o life_n and_o condition_n of_o brute_n in_o the_o second_o way_n we_o may_v contemplate_v second_n iv_o second_n the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n by_o serious_o form_v in_o our_o mind_n a_o idea_n of_o what_o his_o condition_n will_v be_v if_o every_o one_o be_v leave_v alone_o to_o himself_o without_o any_o help_n from_o other_o man_n especial_o consider_v the_o present_a circumstance_n under_o which_o we_o at_o this_o time_n find_v humane_a nature_n which_o will_v certain_o be_v much_o more_o miserable_a than_o that_o of_o a_o beast_n if_o we_o think_v with_o ourselves_o with_o what_o weakness_n man_n enter_v this_o world_n so_o that_o he_o must_v immediate_o perish_v except_o he_o be_v sustain_v by_o other_o and_o how_o rude_a a_o life_n he_o must_v lead_v if_o he_o can_v procure_v nothing_o for_o himself_o but_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n and_o skill_n but_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o we_o owe_v it_o all_o to_o the_o aid_n of_o other_o person_n that_o we_o be_v able_a to_o pass_v through_o so_o many_o infirmity_n from_o our_o infancy_n to_o manhood_n that_o we_o enjoy_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o convenience_n that_o we_o can_v improve_v our_o mind_n and_o body_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o be_v useful_a to_o ourselves_o and_o our_o neighbour_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o natural_a state_n be_v oppose_v to_o a_o life_n not_o cultivate_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n after_o the_o three_o way_n we_o be_v to_o regard_v third_z v._o third_z the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n according_a as_o man_n be_v understand_v to_o stand_v in_o respect_n to_o one_o another_o mere_o from_o that_o common_a alliance_n which_o result_v from_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o nature_n before_o any_o mutual_a agreement_n make_v or_o other_o deed_n of_o man_n perform_v by_o which_o one_o can_v become_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o power_n of_o another_o in_o which_o sense_n those_o be_v say_v to_o live_v reciprocal_o in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n who_o acknowledge_v no_o common_a superior_n and_o of_o who_o none_o can_v pretend_v dominion_n over_o his_o fellow_n and_o who_o do_v not_o render_v themselves_o know_v to_o each_o other_o either_o by_o the_o do_n or_o good_a turn_n or_o injury_n and_o this_o state_n in_o this_o sense_n distinguish_v itself_o from_o the_o condition_n of_o man_n in_o a_o community_n moreover_o the_o property_n of_o this_o way_n vi_o consider_v again_o two_o way_n natural_a state_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o as_o it_o be_v represent_v to_o we_o notional_o and_o by_o way_n of_o fiction_n or_o as_o it_o
trust_n in_o order_n to_o cohabitation_n in_o the_o family_n between_o the_o victor_n and_o the_o vanquish_a person_n all_o past_a hostility_n be_v to_o be_v account_v as_o forgive_v and_o then_o the_o master_n do_v wrong_a even_o to_o a_o servant_n thus_o acquire_v if_o he_o allow_v he_o not_o necessary_n for_o life_n or_o exercise_v cruelty_n to_o he_o without_o cause_n and_o much_o more_o if_o he_o take_v â—o_o way_n his_o life_n when_o he_o have_v commit_v no_o fault_n to_o deserve_v it_o it_o be_v also_o the_o practice_n to_o pace_v away_o on_o alienable_n v._o alienable_n property_n in_o such_o slave_n who_o be_v take_v in_o war_n or_o buy_v with_o our_o money_n to_o when_o we_o please_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v our_o other_o good_n and_o commodity_n so_o that_o the_o body_n of_o such_o servant_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o chattel_n of_o his_o master_n and_o i_o yet_o here_o humanity_n bid_v we_o not_o to_o forget_v that_o this_o servant_n be_v a_o man_n however_o and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o we_o do_v our_o movable_n use_v they_o or_o abuse_v they_o oâ—_n destroy_v they_o as_o willist_n and_o when_o we_o all_o mind_a to_o part_v with_o he_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o deliver_v he_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o as_o we_o know_v will_v abuse_v he_o inhumane_o and_o undeserved_o last_o it_o be_v every_o where_o allow_v that_o slave_n vi_o offspring_n of_o slave_n the_o progeny_n of_o parent_n who_o be_v bondman_n be_v also_o in_o a_o servile_a state_n and_o belong_v 〈◊〉_d slave_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o their_o mother_n which_o be_v justify_v by_o this_o argument_n that_o whosoever_o be_v proprietor_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o proprietor_n of_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o product_n thereof_o and_o because_o such_o issue_n have_v never_o be_v bear_v if_o the_o master_n have_v execute_v the_o rigour_n of_o war_n upon_o the_o parent_n and_o for_o that_o the_o parent_n have_v nothing_o she_o can_v call_v she_o own_o the_o off_o spring_n can_v otherwise_o be_v bring_v up_o but_o at_o her_o master_n charge_n whereas_o therefore_o the_o master_n afford_v such_o infant_n nourishment_n long_o before_o his_o service_n can_v be_v of_o any_o use_n to_o he_o and_o whereas_o all_o the_o follow_a service_n of_o his_o life_n can_v not_o much_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o his_o maintenance_n he_o be_v not_o to_o leave_v his_o master_n service_n without_o his_o consent_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o since_o these_o bondman_n come_v into_o a_o state_n of_o servitude_n not_o by_o any_o fault_n of_o their_o own_o there_o can_v be_v no_o pretence_n they_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o deal_v withal_o than_o as_o if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o perpetual_a hire_a servant_n chap._n v._o the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o constitute_v community_n although_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o delight_n necessary_a i._o this_o enquiry_n necessary_a or_o advantage_n but_o what_o may_v be_v obtain_v from_o those_o duty_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o discourse_v it_o remain_v nevertheless_o that_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n why_o man_n not_o content_v themselves_o with_o those_o primitive_a and_o small_a society_n have_v found_v such_o as_o be_v more_o ample_n call_v community_n for_o from_o these_o ground_n and_o foundation_n be_v to_o be_v deduce_v the_o reason_n of_o those_o duty_n which_o mere_o relate_v to_o this_o civil_a state_n of_o mankind_n here_o therefore_o it_o suffice_v not_o to_o say_v herein_o ii_o difficulty_n herein_o that_o man_n be_v by_o nature_n incline_v to_o civil_a society_n so_o as_o he_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v live_v without_o it_o for_o since_o indeed_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n be_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o creature_n as_o have_v a_o most_o tender_a affection_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o own_o good_a it_o be_v manifest_a that_o when_o he_o so_o earnest_o seek_v after_o civil_a society_n he_o respect_v some_o particular_a advantage_n that_o will_v accrue_v to_o he_o thence_o and_o although_o without_o society_n with_o his_o fellow-creature_n man_n will_v be_v the_o most_o miserable_a of_o all_o creature_n yet_o since_o the_o natural_a desire_n and_o necessity_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v abundant_o satisfy_v by_o those_o primitive_a kind_n of_o society_n and_o by_o those_o duty_n to_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v either_o by_o humanity_n or_o contract_n it_o can_v immediate_o be_v conclude_v from_o this_o natural_a society_n between_o man_n and_o man_n that_o his_o nature_n and_o temper_n do_v direct_o incline_v he_o to_o the_o form_n of_o civil_a community_n which_o will_v more_o evident_o appear_v enquiry_n iii_o twofold_a enquiry_n if_o we_o consider_v what_o condition_n mankind_n be_v place_v in_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o civil_a community_n what_o be_v require_v that_o he_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v a_o political_n animal_n or_o good_a patriot_n and_o subject_a and_o last_o what_o aversion_n may_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n to_o live_v in_o such_o civil_a community_n whosoever_o become_v a_o subject_a state_n iu._n natural_a state_n immediate_o lose_v his_o natural_a liberty_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o some_o authority_n which_o be_v vest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o by_o the_o command_v of_o which_o many_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v which_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v be_v no_o way_n willing_a to_o do_v and_o many_o thing_n must_v be_v let_v alone_o to_o which_o he_o have_v a_o strong_a inclination_n beside_o most_o of_o his_o action_n must_v terminate_v in_o the_o public_a good_a which_o in_o many_o case_n seem_v to_o clash_v with_o private_a man_n advantage_n but_o man_n by_o his_o natural_a inclination_n be_v carry_v to_o this_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o one_o to_o do_v all_o thing_n as_o he_o list_v and_o in_o every_o thing_n to_o consult_v his_o single_a advantage_n but_o we_o call_v he_o a_o political_n animal_n state_n v._o civil_a state_n or_o true_a patriot_n and_o good_a subject_n who_o ready_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o his_o governor_n who_o endeavour_n with_o his_o utmost_a to_o promote_v the_o public_a good_a and_o after_o that_o regard_v his_o private_a affair_n nay_o more_o who_o esteem_v nothing_o profitable_a to_o himself_o unless_o the_o same_o be_v likewise_o profitable_a to_o the_o community_n last_o who_o carry_v himself_o fair_o towards_o his_o fellow-subject_n but_o there_o be_v few_o man_n to_o be_v find_v who_o temper_n be_v natural_o thus_o well_o incline_v the_o great_a part_n be_v restrain_v mere_o for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n and_o many_o continue_v all_o their_o lifetime_n ill_a subject_n and_o unsociable_a creature_n furthermore_o there_o be_v no_o creature_n state_n vi_o civil_a state_n whatsoever_o more_o fierce_a or_o untameable_a than_o man_n or_o which_o be_v prone_a to_o more_o vice_n that_o be_v apt_a to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o security_n of_o the_o public_a for_o beside_o his_o inordinate_a appetite_n to_o eat_v drink_v and_o venery_n to_o which_o brute_n beast_n be_v likewise_o subject_a mankind_n be_v incline_v to_o many_o vice_n to_o which_o brute_n be_v altogether_o stranger_n as_o be_v the_o unsatiable_a desire_n and_o thirst_n after_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v altogether_o superfluous_a and_o unnecessary_a and_o above_o all_o to_o that_o worst_a of_o evil_n ambition_n also_o a_o too_o last_a resentment_n and_o memory_n of_o injury_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o by_o length_n of_o time_n beside_o a_o infinite_a diversity_n of_o inclination_n and_o affection_n and_o a_o certain_a stiffness_n and_o obstinacy_n in_o every_o one_o to_o indulge_v his_o own_o particular_a humour_n and_o fancy_n moreover_o man_n take_v so_o great_a delight_n in_o exercise_v his_o cruelty_n over_o his_o fellow-creature_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o evil_n and_o mischief_n to_o which_o mankind_n be_v obnoxious_a be_v whole_o owe_v to_o the_o merciless_a rage_n and_o violence_n of_o other_o men._n therefore_o the_o genuine_a and_o principal_a change_n vii_o reason_n change_n reason_n which_o induce_v master_n of_o family_n to_o quit_v their_o own_o natural_a liberty_n and_o to_o form_v themselves_o into_o community_n be_v that_o they_o may_v provide_v for_o themselves_o a_o security_n and_o defence_n against_o the_o evil_n and_o mischief_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o man_n from_o one_o another_o for_o as_o next_o under_o god_n one_o man_n be_v most_o capable_a of_o be_v helpful_a to_o another_o so_o the_o same_o may_v be_v no_o less_o prejudicial_a and_o hurtful_a to_o one_o another_o and_o those_o person_n have_v entertain_v a_o right_a conception_n of_o the_o malice_n of_o man_n and_o the_o remedy_n thereof_o who_o have_v admit_v this_o as_o a_o common_a maxim_n and_o proverb_n that_o unless_o there_o be_v court_n of_o judicature_n one_o man_n will_v
administrator_n only_o and_o stand_v oblige_v to_o apply_v all_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o be_v design_v by_o they_o and_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o patrimony_n can_v be_v alienate_v by_o the_o prince_n without_o the_o people_n consent_n much_o less_o can_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o alienable_a vi_o neither_o royal_a power_n nor_o allegiance_n alienable_a be_v not_o hold_v patrimonial_o or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v alienate_v without_o their_o consent_n to_o it_o and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n particular_o the_o consent_n of_o that_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v alienate_v as_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n no_o subject_n against_o the_o will_n of_o his_o community_n can_v possible_o disengage_v himself_o from_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o it_o unless_o the_o force_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n reduce_v he_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o be_v safe_a chap._n xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n although_o nothing_o be_v more_o agreeable_a sometime_o i._o necessity_n of_o war_n sometime_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n than_o the_o mutual_a peace_n of_o man_n with_o one_o another_o preserve_v by_o the_o voluntary_a application_n of_o each_o person_n to_o his_o duty_n live_v together_o in_o a_o state_n of_o peace_n be_v a_o peculiar_a distinction_n of_o man_n from_o brute_n yet_o it_o be_v sometime_o both_o lawful_a and_o necessary_a to_o go_v to_o war_n when_o by_o mean_n of_o another_o injustice_n we_o can_v without_o the_o use_n of_o force_n preserve_v what_o be_v our_o own_o nor_o enjoy_v those_o right_n which_o be_v proper_o we_o but_o here_o common_a prudence_n and_o humaty_n do_v admonish_v we_o to_o forbear_v our_o arm_n there_o where_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o injury_n we_o resent_v be_v likely_a to_o return_v more_o hurt_n upon_o we_o and_o we_o than_o it_o can_v do_v good_a the_o just_a cause_n upon_o which_o a_o war_n may_v war._n ii_o just_a cause_n of_o war._n be_v undertake_v come_v all_o to_o these_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o what_o we_o have_v against_o a_o unjust_a invasion_n and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v defensive_a the_o maintenance_n and_o recovery_n of_o our_o right_n from_o those_o that_o refuse_v to_o pay_v they_o the_o reparation_n of_o injury_n do_v to_o we_o and_o caution_n against_o they_o for_o the_o future_a and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v offensive_a not_o that_o upon_o a_o prince_n take_v himself_o composition_n iii_o amicable_a composition_n to_o be_v injure_v he_o be_v present_o to_o fly_v to_o arm_n especial_o if_o any_o thing_n about_o the_o right_n or_o fact_n in_o controversy_n remain_v yet_o under_o dispute_n but_o first_o let_v he_o try_v to_o compose_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o amicable_a way_n by_o treaty_n by_o appeal_n to_o arbitrator_n or_o by_o submit_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o lot_n and_o those_o method_n be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v choose_v by_o that_o party_n who_o claim_v from_o another_o because_o possession_n with_o any_o show_n of_o right_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o most_o favourable_a construction_n the_o unjust_a cause_n of_o war_n be_v either_o war._n iu._n unjust_a cause_n of_o war._n those_o which_o open_o to_o all_o the_o world_n be_v such_o as_o ambition_n and_o covetousness_n and_o what_o may_v be_v reduce_v thereto_o or_o those_o that_o admit_v of_o a_o faint_a and_o imperfect_a colour_n to_o be_v pretend_v in_o their_o excuse_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o be_v variety_n as_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o neighbour_n grow_a wealth_n and_o power_n conveniency_n of_o a_o possession_n to_o which_o yet_o no_o right_n can_v be_v make_v out_o desire_v of_o a_o better_a habitation_n the_o denial_n of_o common_a favour_n the_o folly_n of_o the_o possessor_n the_o desire_n of_o extinguish_v another_o title_n lawful_o acquire_v because_o it_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o we_o etc._n etc._n and_o though_o the_o most_o proper_a way_n of_o war._n v._o of_o deceit_n in_o war._n act_v in_o war_n be_v by_o that_o of_o force_n and_o terror_n yet_o it_o be_v altogether_o as_o lawful_a to_o attack_v a_o enemy_n by_o stratagem_n and_o wiles_n provide_v that_o the_o faith_n and_o trust_v which_o you_o give_v he_o be_v inviolable_o observe_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o deceive_v he_o by_o story_n and_o feign_a narration_n not_o by_o promise_n and_o covenant_n but_o concern_v the_o violence_n which_o violence_n vi_o violence_n may_v be_v use_v against_o he_o and_o what_o belong_v to_o he_o we_o must_v distinguish_v betwixt_o what_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o suffer_v without_o injustice_n and_o what_o we_o may_v easy_o inflict_v without_o the_o breach_n of_o humanity_n whoever_o declare_v himself_o my_o enemy_n as_o he_o make_v profession_n by_o that_o very_a act_n of_o enterprize_v upon_o i_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o the_o world_n so_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o full_o indulge_v i_o the_o leave_n to_o employ_v the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n without_o mercy_n against_o himself_o yet_o humanity_n command_v i_o as_o far_o as_o the_o fury_n of_o war_n will_v permit_v that_o i_o do_v my_o enemy_n no_o more_o harm_n than_o the_o defence_n or_o vindication_n of_o my_o right_n require_v with_o care_n to_o my_o security_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v we_o common_o divide_v war_n into_o solemn_a war_n vii_o solemn_z and_o unsolemn_a war_n and_o vnsolemn_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n it_o be_v require_v that_o it_o be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a governor_n and_o precede_v by_o a_o public_a declaration_n the_o other_o either_o be_v not_o public_o denounce_v or_o perhaps_o be_v begin_v among_o private_a person_n to_o which_o latter_a head_n belong_v also_o civil_a war_n as_o the_o power_n of_o make_v war_n in_o all_o war._n viii_o power_n of_o make_v war._n nation_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o hand_n that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n so_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n above_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o subordinate_a magistrate_n to_o engage_v in_o without_o a_o delegation_n from_o thence_o though_o he_o can_v suppose_v with_o reason_n that_o be_v they_o consult_v upon_o the_o matter_n they_o will_v be_v please_v with_o it_o indeed_o all_o military_a governor_n of_o fortify_v place_n and_o province_n have_v force_n under_o they_o to_o command_v upon_o the_o defence_n thereof_o may_v understand_v it_o to_o be_v enjoin_v they_o by_o the_o very_a design_n of_o their_o employment_n to_o repel_v a_o invader_n from_o the_o part_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n by_o all_o the_o way_n they_o can_v but_o they_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o a_o enemy_n country_n in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n a_o person_n refugee_n ix_o war_n occasion_v by_o protect_v of_o refugee_n be_v assault_v by_o force_n only_o for_o the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v by_o himself_o but_o in_o a_o community_n a_o war_n often_o happen_v upon_o the_o governor_n or_o the_o whole_a body_n when_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v commit_v any_o thing_n to_o make_v this_o appear_v just_a it_o be_v necessary_a the_o act_n of_o a_o three_o party_n must_v by_o some_o way_n or_o other_o pass_v upon_o they_o now_o governor_n do_v partake_v of_o the_o offence_n not_o only_o of_o their_o proper_a subject_n but_o of_o other_o that_o occasional_o fly_v to_o they_o if_o either_o the_o offence_n be_v do_v by_o their_o permission_n or_o that_o they_o receive_v and_o protect_v the_o offender_n the_o sufferance_n of_o a_o offence_n become_v then_o unblamable_a when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o one_o know_v of_o the_o do_v it_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o hinder_v it_o thing_n open_o and_o frequent_o do_v by_o the_o subject_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v know_v to_o their_o governor_n in_o who_o it_o be_v always_o presume_v there_o be_v a_o power_n also_o to_o prohibit_v unless_o a_o manifest_a proof_n appear_v of_o its_o defect_n yet_o to_o make_v it_o a_o occasion_n of_o war_n to_o give_v admittance_n and_o protection_n to_o a_o criminal_a who_o fly_v to_o we_o for_o the_o sake_n only_o of_o escape_v his_o punishment_n be_v what_o must_v proceed_v rather_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o particular_a agreement_n betwixt_o ally_n and_o neighbour_n than_o from_o any_o common_a obligation_n unless_o the_o fugitive_n be_v in_o our_o dominion_n contrive_v hostility_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o desert_n another_z receive_v custom_n betwixt_o reprisal_n x._o reprisal_n nation_n be_v when_o a_o debt_n be_v owe_v from_o one_o to_o another_o which_o sometime_o come_v to_o be_v occasion_v by_o not_o administer_a of_o justice_n right_o to_o arrest_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o private_a subject_n of_o the_o nation_n indebt_v and_o assign_v they_o to_o the_o use_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o those_o of_o
master_n of_o a_o family_n not_o still_o but_o that_o any_o man_n be_v except_v from_o this_o duty_n who_o be_v take_v himself_o to_o a_o chaste_a single_a life_n find_v his_o constitution_n accommodate_v thereto_o and_o that_o he_o be_v capable_a in_o that_o rather_o than_o in_o the_o marry_a state_n to_o be_v useful_a to_o mankind_n or_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n especial_o also_o if_o the_o case_n be_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o the_o want_n of_o people_n between_o those_o who_o be_v about_o to_o contract_n iu._n matrimonial_a contract_n take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o marry_a state_n a_o contract_n ought_v and_o be_v wont_a to_o intervene_v which_o if_o it_o be_v regular_a and_o perfect_a consist_v of_o these_o head_n first_o because_o the_o man_n to_o who_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o sex_n that_o the_o contract_n shall_v owe_v its_o original_a intend_v hereby_o to_o get_v to_o himself_o child_n of_o his_o own_o not_o spurious_a or_o supposititious_a therefore_o the_o woman_n ought_v to_o plight_v her_o troth_n to_o the_o man_n that_o she_o will_v permit_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n to_o no_o other_o man_n but_o to_o he_o the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v require_v of_o the_o husband_n and_o second_o since_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o flat_o contrary_a to_o a_o social_n and_o civil_a life_n than_o a_o vagabond_n desultory_n and_o changeable_a way_n of_o live_v without_o any_o home_n or_o certain_a seat_n of_o his_o fortune_n and_o since_o the_o education_n of_o that_o which_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o both_o be_v most_o convenient_o take_v care_n of_o by_o the_o joint_a help_n of_o both_o parent_n together_o and_o whereas_o continual_a cohabitation_n bring_v more_o of_o pleasure_n and_o comfort_n to_o a_o couple_n who_o be_v well_o match_v whereby_o also_o the_o husband_n may_v have_v the_o great_a assurance_n of_o his_o wife_n chastity_n therefore_o the_o wife_n do_v moreover_o engage_v her_o faith_n to_o her_o husband_n that_o she_o will_v always_o cohabit_v with_o he_o and_o join_v herself_o in_o the_o strict_a bond_n of_o society_n and_o become_v of_o the_o same_o family_n with_o he_o and_o this_o mutual_a promise_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v from_o the_o husband_n to_o she_o of_o the_o like_a cohabitation_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o state_n so_o require_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o natural_a condition_n of_o both_o sex_n that_o the_o case_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o honourable_a of_o the_o two_o but_o that_o he_o shall_v also_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n of_o which_o himself_o be_v the_o author_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o wife_n ought_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o direction_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o their_o mutual_a state_n and_o to_o their_o household_n hence_o it_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o husband_n to_o choose_v his_o habitation_n and_o she_o may_v not_o against_o he_o will_v wander_v abroad_o or_o lodge_v apart_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v essential_o necessary_a to_o matrimony_n that_o the_o man_n shall_v have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n or_o of_o inflict_v any_o grievous_a punishment_n as_o neither_o of_o dispose_v at_o his_o pleasure_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n or_o good_n of_o his_o wife_n but_o these_o point_n may_v be_v settle_v between_o the_o marry_a couple_n by_o peculiar_a agreement_n or_o by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o place_n now_o though_o it_o be_v manifest_o repugnant_a woman_n v._o one_o man_n and_o one_o woman_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o one_o woman_n shall_v have_v more_o man_n than_o one_o at_o once_o yet_o it_o obtain_v among_o the_o jew_n of_o old_a and_o many_o other_o nation_n that_o one_o man_n may_v have_v two_o or_o more_o wife_n nevertheless_o let_v we_o allow_v never_o so_o little_a weight_n to_o argument_n bring_v from_o the_o primitive_a institution_n of_o marriage_n deliver_v in_o holy_a writ_n yet_o it_o will_v appear_v from_o right_a reason_n that_o it_o be_v much_o more_o decent_a and_o fit_a for_o one_o man_n to_o be_v content_a with_o one_o woman_n which_o have_v be_v approve_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o christian_n through_o the_o world_n that_o we_o know_v of_o for_o so_o many_o age_n nor_o do_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o strict_a perpetual_a vi_o contract_n perpetual_a union_n tell_v we_o less_o plain_o that_o the_o bond_n of_o matrimony_n ought_v to_o be_v perpetual_a and_o not_o to_o be_v unloose_v but_o by_o the_o death_n of_o one_o party_n except_o the_o essential_a article_n of_o the_o principal_a matrimonial_a covenant_n be_v violate_v either_o by_o adultery_n or_o a_o wicked_a and_o dishonest_a desertion_n but_o for_o ill_a disposition_n which_o have_v not_o the_o same_o effect_n with_o such_o lewd_a desertion_n it_o have_v obtain_v among_o christian_n that_o a_o separation_n from_o bed_n and_o board_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a without_o allow_v any_o engagement_n in_o a_o new_a wedlock_n and_o one_o great_a reason_n hereof_o among_o other_o be_v this_o that_o too_o free_a a_o liberty_n of_o divorce_n may_v not_o give_v encouragement_n to_o either_o party_n to_o cherish_v a_o stubborn_a temper_n but_o rather_o that_o the_o irremediable_a state_n of_o each_o may_v persuade_v both_o to_o accommodate_v their_o humour_n to_o one_o another_o and_o to_o stir_v they_o both_o up_o to_o mutual_a forbearance_n for_o the_o rest_n if_o any_o essential_a article_n of_o the_o matrimonial_a contract_n be_v violate_v the_o wrong_a party_n only_o be_v discharge_v from_o the_o oligation_n the_o same_o still_o bind_v the_o other_o so_o long_o as_o the_o former_a shall_v think_v good_a any_o man_n may_v contract_v with_o any_o woman_n impediment_n vii_o moral_a impediment_n where_o the_o law_n make_v no_o special_a prohibition_n if_o their_o age_n and_o constitution_n of_o body_n render_v they_o capable_a of_o matrimony_n except_o some_o moral_a impediment_n be_v in_o the_o way_n presuppose_v that_o he_o or_o she_o be_v under_o a_o moral_a impediment_n who_o be_v already_o marry_v to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o it_o be_v account_v a_o moral_a impediment_n kindred_n viii_o kindred_n of_o lawful_a matrimony_n if_o the_o party_n be_v too_o near_o ally_v by_o blood_n or_o by_o affinity_n on_o which_o score_n even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n those_o marriage_n be_v account_v incestuous_a and_o wicked_a which_o be_v contract_v between_o any_o person_n relate_v in_o the_o ascend_v or_o descend_v line_n and_o for_o those_o in_o the_o other_o transverse_a order_n as_o with_o the_o aunt_n either_o on_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n side_n the_o sister_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o those_o in_o affinity_n as_o with_o the_o mother-in-law_n stepmother_n step-daughter_n etc._n etc._n not_o only_o the_o positive_a divine_a law_n but_o that_o of_o most_o civilise_a nation_n with_o who_o also_o all_o christian_n agree_v do_v abominate_a nay_o the_o special_a law_n of_o many_o country_n forbid_v marriage_n even_o in_o the_o more_o remote_a degree_n that_o so_o they_o may_v keep_v man_n from_o break_v in_o upon_o those_o which_o be_v more_o sacred_a by_o set_v the_o barrier_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n now_o as_o the_o law_n be_v wont_a to_o assign_v ceremony_n ix_o ceremony_n to_o other_o contract_n and_o bargain_n some_o solemnity_n which_o being_n want_v the_o act_n shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v of_o validity_n so_o also_o it_o be_v in_o matrimony_n where_o the_o law_n require_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o decency_n and_o good_a order_n that_o such_o or_o such_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v and_o these_o though_o not_o enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n natural_a yet_o without_o the_o same_o those_o who_o be_v subject_n of_o such_o a_o community_n shall_v not_o consummate_v a_o legal_a matrimony_n or_o at_o least_o such_o contract_n shall_v not_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o public_a to_o be_v effectual_a it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o husband_n to_o love_v duty_n x._o mutual_a duty_n his_o wife_n to_o cherish_v direct_v and_o protect_v she_o and_o of_o the_o wife_n to_o love_v and_o honour_v her_o husband_n to_o be_v assistant_n to_o he_o not_o only_o in_o beget_v and_o educate_v his_o child_n but_o to_o bear_v her_o part_n in_o the_o domestic_a care_n on_o both_o side_n the_o nature_n of_o so_o strict_a a_o union_n require_v that_o the_o marry_a couple_n be_v partaker_n as_o well_o in_o the_o good_a as_o ill_a fortune_n of_o either_o and_o that_o one_o succour_v the_o other_o in_o all_o case_n of_o distress_n moreover_o that_o they_o prudent_o accommodate_v their_o humour_n to_o each_o other_o in_o which_o matter_n it_o be_v the_o wife_n duty_n to_o submit_v chap._n iii_o the_o duty_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n from_z matrimony_n proceed_v posterity_n authority_n i._o paternal_a authority_n which_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o