gentleman_n do_v come_v after_o the_o knight_n and_o do_v bring_v he_o to_o the_o king_n presence_n and_o the_o esquier_n governor_n before_o he_o and_o when_o the_o new_a knight_n come_v into_o the_o king_n presence_n he_o shall_v kneel_v down_o before_o he_o say_v most_o noble_a and_o renown_a sir_n i_o do_v thank_v you_o for_o all_o the_o honour_n courtesy_n and_o goodness_n which_o you_o have_v do_v unto_o i_o and_o so_o he_o take_v leave_v of_o the_o king_n and_o then_o the_o esquier_n governor_n do_v take_v leave_n of_o their_o master_n say_v sir_n we_o have_v accomplish_v the_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n as_o he_o charge_v we_o to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o power_n wherein_o if_o we_o have_v displease_v you_o through_o negligence_n or_o deed_n during_o the_o time_n we_o desire_v pardon_n on_o the_o other_o side_n sir_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n and_o ancient_a king_n we_o demand_v robe_n and_o fee_n for_o term_n of_o life_n as_o esquier_n of_o the_o king_n and_o companion_n unto_o bachelor_n knight_n and_o other_o lord_n chap._n 12._o knight_n bachelor_n first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o no_o man_n be_v brone_v a_o knight_n of_o any_o title_n but_o make_v either_o before_o a_o battle_n to_o encourage_v they_o to_o adventure_v their_o life_n or_o after_o the_o fight_n as_o a_o advancement_n for_o their_o valour_n then_o show_v or_o out_o of_o war_n for_o some_o notable_a service_n do_v or_o some_o good_a hope_n of_o virtue_n that_o do_v appear_v in_o they_o these_o knight_n be_v make_v either_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o commission_n and_o royal_a authority_n give_v for_o that_o purpose_n or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o war_n who_o have_v his_o royal_a and_o absolute_a power_n for_o that_o time_n and_o this_o order_n may_v be_v resemble_v to_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v equites_fw-la romanos_fw-la differ_v in_o a_o sort_n but_o in_o some_o other_o sort_n do_v agree_v with_o it_o for_o seldom_o in_o all_o point_v one_o common_a wealth_n do_v agree_v with_o another_o nor_o long_o any_o state_n accord_v with_o itself_o equites_fw-la romani_fw-la be_v choose_v ex_fw-la censu_fw-la which_o be_v according_a to_o their_o substance_n and_o riches_n even_o so_o be_v knight_n in_o england_n for_o the_o most_o part_n according_a to_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o their_o land_n be_v able_a to_o maintain_v that_o estate_n yet_o all_o they_o that_o have_v equestrem_fw-la censum_fw-la be_v not_o in_o rome_n equites_fw-la no_o more_o be_v all_o knight_n in_o england_n that_o may_v dispend_v a_o knight_n land_n or_o fee_n but_o they_o only_o to_o who_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o give_v that_o honour_n in_o rome_n the_o number_n of_o equites_fw-la be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o it_o be_v of_o knight_n in_o england_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n equites_fw-la romani_fw-la have_v equum_fw-la publicum_fw-la but_o the_o knight_n of_o england_n find_v horse_n themselves_o both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n census_n equester_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o diverse_a time_n of_o diverse_a value_n but_o in_o england_n whosoever_o may_v dispend_v of_o his_o free_a land_n forty_o pound_n starling_n of_o yearly_a revenue_n by_o a_o old_a law_n either_o at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n or_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n or_o at_o the_o dub_a of_o the_o prince_n knight_n or_o some_o such_o great_a occasion_n may_v be_v by_o the_o king_n compel_v to_o take_v that_o order_n and_o honour_n or_o to_o pay_v a_o fine_a which_o many_o rich_a man_n not_o so_o desirous_a of_o honour_n as_o of_o riches_n have_v rather_o disburse_v some_o also_o who_o for_o good_a respect_n be_v not_o think_v worthy_a that_o title_n and_o yet_o have_v ability_n neither_o be_v make_v knight_n though_o they_o will_v and_o yet_o pay_v the_o fine_a of_o forty_o pound_n sterling_a which_o as_o silver_n be_v now_o prise_v be_v 120._o pound_n currant_n money_n where_o of_o this_o word_n knight_n be_v derive_v or_o whether_o it_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o miles_n do_v in_o latin_a which_o be_v soldier_n i_o know_v not_o some_o hold_n opinion_n that_o the_o word_n soldier_n do_v betoken_v a_o wage_v or_o hire_v man_n to_o fight_v caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n call_v soldier_n man_n devote_a and_o swear_v by_o band_n or_o oath_n to_o serve_v the_o captain_n which_o order_n if_o the_o almains_n do_v follow_v it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o who_o be_v not_o hire_v but_o be_v of_o the_o nation_n upon_o their_o own_o charge_n and_o for_o their_o advancement_n and_o by_o such_o common_a oath_n and_o band_n that_o do_v follow_v the_o war_n be_v perhaps_o call_v knight_n or_o milites_fw-la and_o now_o among_o the_o almains_n some_o be_v call_v launceknight_n as_o soldier_n not_o hire_v although_o they_o be_v well-near_a all_o hire_a or_o it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o who_o be_v next_o about_o the_o prince_n as_o his_o guard_n and_o servant_n pick_v and_o choose_v man_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v call_v in_o the_o almane_n tongue_n knighten_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o daily_a servant_n be_v find_v of_o good_a service_n the_o word_n afterward_o be_v take_v as_o a_o honour_n for_o one_o that_o profess_v arm_n now_o our_o language_n be_v so_o alter_v that_o hard_o it_o be_v to_o give_v judgement_n thereof_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v we_o in_o our_o english_a do_v call_v he_o knight_n who_o the_o french_a do_v call_v chevalier_n and_o the_o latin_a equitem_fw-la for_o equestris_n ordinis_fw-la touch_v the_o make_n of_o these_o english_a knight_n the_o manner_n be_v this_o he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v knight_n be_v strike_v by_o the_o prince_n with_o a_o sword_n draw_v upon_o his_o back_n or_o shoulder_n the_o prince_n say_v soy_n chevalier_n and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v add_v s._n george_n and_o when_o the_o knight_n rise_v the_o prince_n say_v auance_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o dub_a knight_n at_o this_o present_a and_o that_o term_v dubbing_z be_v the_o old_a term_n in_o this_o point_n and_o not_o create_v these_o sort_n of_o knight_n be_v by_o the_o herald_n call_v knight_n bachelor_n chap._n 13._o the_o ceremony_n in_o the_o degradation_n of_o knight_n in_o england_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o degradation_n of_o knight_n have_v be_v use_v only_o for_o offence_n of_o great_a reproach_n and_o dishonour_n which_o i_o conceive_v partly_o by_o the_o rareness_n of_o such_o action_n and_o partly_o for_o that_o the_o man_n bereave_v of_o that_o dignity_n be_v not_o only_o degrade_v but_o also_o by_o law_n execute_v as_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o it_o appear_v a_o knight_n be_v degrade_v in_o this_o sort_n first_o after_o the_o publication_n of_o his_o offence_n his_o gild_a spur_n be_v beat_v from_o his_o heel_n than_o his_o sword_n take_v from_o he_o and_o break_v that_o be_v do_v every_o piece_n of_o his_o armour_n be_v bruise_v beat_a and_o cast_v aside_o after_o all_o which_o disgrace_n he_o be_v behead_v in_o like_a manner_n andrew_n of_o herklay_n a_o knight_n and_o erle_n of_o carlisle_n be_v in_o this_o sort_n disgrade_v he_o be_v apprehend_v be_v by_o the_o king_n commandment_n bring_v before_o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n anno_fw-la 1322._o apparel_v in_o all_o the_o robe_n of_o his_o estate_n as_o a_o earl_n and_o a_o knight_n and_o so_o lead_v unto_o the_o place_n of_o judgement_n be_v thither_o come_v sir_n anthony_n lucy_n say_v unto_o he_o these_o word_n first_o thou_o shall_v loose_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n by_o which_o thou_o have_v all_o thy_o honour_n and_o further_o all_o worship_n upon_o thy_o body_n be_v bring_v to_o nought_o those_o word_n pronounce_v sir_n anthony_n lucy_n command_v a_o knave_n to_o hew_v the_o knight_n spur_n from_o his_o heel_n &_o after_o cause_v his_o sword_n to_o be_v break_v over_o his_o head_n that_o do_v he_o be_v despoil_v of_o his_o fur_a tabord_v of_o his_o hood_n of_o his_o fur_a coat_n and_o of_o his_o girdle_n then_o sir_n anthony_n say_v unto_o he_o these_o word_n andrew_n now_o be_v thou_o no_o knight_n but_o a_o knave_n and_o for_o thy_o treason_n the_o king_n do_v will_v thou_o shall_v be_v hang_v maxitmilianus_fw-la de_fw-la austria_n dux_n burâ—undiâ—_n râ—m_n imâ—_n ordâ—nâ—_n velleris_fw-la aurei_fw-la eques_fw-la 〈◊〉_d fol._n 〈◊〉_d chap._n 14._o knight_n of_o the_o toizon_n d'or_n or_o golden_a fleece_n the_o knighthood_n of_o the_o toizon_n be_v institute_v by_o philip_n surname_v the_o good_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o earl_n of_o flanders_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1429._o be_v move_v thereunto_o with_o devoute_a zeal_n that_o he_o have_v to_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n albeit_o his_o valorous_a determination_n take_v none_o effect_n by_o
ullam_fw-la nisi_fw-la datum_fw-la tibi_fw-la esset_fw-la desuper_fw-la joh._n 19_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o good_a prince_n do_v deserve_v divine_a honour_n as_o s._n austen_n seem_v to_o affirm_v and_o the_o apostle_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o timothy_n say_v qui_fw-la bene_fw-la praesunt_fw-la duplici_fw-la honore_fw-la dignisunt_fw-la good_a and_o godly_a king_n therefore_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n divine_a virtue_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n as_o be_v scene_n in_o saul_n who_o be_v make_v king_n by_o samuel_n forthwith_o become_v inspire_v with_o the_o gift_n of_o prophecy_n and_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n do_v enter_v into_o he_o whereby_o he_o prophesy_v with_o other_o prophet_n 1._o king_n cap._n 10._o we_o read_v likewise_o that_o solomon_n be_v create_v king_n obtain_v the_o excellency_n of_o wisdom_n 1._o king_n 3._o if_o seem_v also_o that_o king_n be_v divine_o inspire_v with_o diverse_a other_o parttcular_a grace_n and_o virtue_n as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n by_o touch_v only_a do_v cure_v a_o infirmity_n call_v the_o king_n evil_a &_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n as_o some_o writer_n affirm_v have_v power_n to_o cast_v devil_n out_o of_o man_n body_n chap._n 6._o of_o queen_n next_o and_o near_a unto_o the_o king_n his_o queen_n be_v to_o take_v place_n because_o the_o wear_v a_o regal_a crown_n which_o no_o other_o person_n but_o a_o king_n may_v do_v it_o seem_v also_o that_o a_o queen_n ought_v to_o sit_v on_o the_o king_n right_a hand_n which_o honour_n the_o sacred_a scripture_n do_v allow_v psal._n 45._o astitit_fw-la regina_fw-la à _fw-la dextris_fw-la tuis_fw-la in_o vestitu_fw-la deaurato_fw-la and_o if_o she_o be_v a_o maiden_n queen_n sovereign_a and_o absolute_a she_o be_v in_o pari_fw-la dignitate_fw-la with_o a_o king_n &_o may_v precede_v he_o also_o according_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o her_o kingdom_n and_o if_o she_o be_v a_o queen_n of_o three_o entiere_fw-fr kingdom_n as_o our_o sovereign_n be_v she_o may_v assume_v the_o title_n of_o a_o empress_n also_o officer_n and_o minister_n appertain_v unto_o a_o queen_n absolute_a be_v privilege_v equal_a with_o the_o officer_n of_o king_n and_o may_v take_v place_n according_o lu._n de_fw-fr pen._n ca._n de_fw-fr privilegijs_fw-la note_v also_o that_o albeit_o a_o queen_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o a_o duke_n or_o a_o earl_n or_o any_o other_o inferior_a degree_n yet_o shall_v she_o be_v call_v queen_n by_o the_o dignity_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o if_o she_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o a_o king_n superior_a to_o her_o husband_n then_o may_v she_o also_o retain_v the_o dignity_n of_o her_o father_n daughter_n jac._n rebuff_n &_o alij_fw-la dig_v lib._n 12._o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o lady_n claudia_n daughter_n unto_o king_n lewis_n the_o 12._o do_v take_v place_n before_o the_o lady_n loysia_n of_o savoy_n notwithstanding_o she_o be_v mother_n to_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o so_o do_v the_o daughter_n precede_v the_o mother_n yet_o some_o do_v hold_v that_o a_o king_n mother_n ought_v be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o allege_v the_o text_n positus_fw-la est_fw-la thronus_fw-la matris_fw-la iuxta_fw-la thronum_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o 3._o of_o king_n we_o read_v also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n that_o king_n solomon_n behold_v his_o mother_n come_v towards_o he_o adore_v she_o and_o cause_v a_o throne_n to_o be_v set_v on_o his_o right_a hand_n which_o seem_v indeed_o to_o be_v her_o place_n in_o absence_n of_o the_o queen_n not_o otherwise_o as_o my_o author_n write_v chap._n 7._o a_o prince_n like_a as_o the_o splendent_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v spread_v themselves_o in_o give_v light_n heat_n and_o comfort_n unto_o all_o live_a thing_n without_o any_o dimunition_n of_o his_o proper_a virtue_n either_o in_o substance_n course_n or_o brightness_n so_o from_o the_o sacred_a power_n and_o regal_a authority_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o queen_n all_o earthly_a dignity_n do_v proceed_v yet_o their_o own_o princely_a and_o sovereign_a power_n in_o sva_fw-la prima_fw-la sublimitate_fw-la do_v not_o suffer_v or_o sustain_v any_o blemish_n or_o detriment_n the_o first_o place_n and_o chief_a degree_n therefore_o after_o the_o estate_n aforenamed_a appertain_v unto_o the_o prince_n or_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n in_o respect_n he_o be_v the_o first_o bear_v child_n of_o his_o father_n and_o may_v claim_v to_o sit_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o baldus_n seem_v to_o affirm_v say_v primogenitus_fw-la sedet_fw-la ad_fw-la dextram_fw-la patris_fw-la by_o imitation_n of_o the_o christian_a belief_n note_v that_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o king_n have_v ever_o a_o title_n of_o great_a dignity_n than_o his_o other_o brethren_n viz._n in_o england_n he_o be_v call_v prince_n of_o wales_n in_o france_n the_o dolphin_n in_o spain_n l'_fw-mi infante_n etc._n etc._n princeps_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quia_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la prinicipalis_fw-la in_o sâ—renuitate_fw-la post_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o enland_n he_o be_v bear_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o ducall_a creation_n when_o he_o be_v make_v prince_n he_o be_v present_v before_o the_o king_n in_o princely_a robe_n who_o put_v about_o his_o neck_n a_o sword_n bendwise_o a_o cap_n and_o coronet_n over_o his_o head_n a_o ring_n over_o his_o middle_a finger_n a_o verge_n of_o gold_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o his_o letter_n patent_n after_o they_o be_v read_v the_o second_o place_n be_v due_a unto_o the_o first_o son_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n so_o as_o the_o nephew_n seem_v to_o precede_v the_o uncle_n which_o have_v be_v a_o question_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o leave_v unto_o trial_n of_o the_o sword_n yet_o in_o france_n it_o have_v be_v diverse_a time_n diverse_o judge_v but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o nephew_n and_o in_o england_n the_o nephew_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o uncle_n as_o baldus_n note_v chap._n 8._o a_o archduke_n some_o hold_n opinion_n that_o this_o title_n of_o archduke_n may_v be_v assume_v by_o the_o elder_a brother_n of_o every_o ducall_a family_n in_o germany_n &_o have_v be_v by_o custom_n so_o use_v as_o a_o title_n of_o great_a dignity_n among_o brethren_n but_o tillet_n say_v that_o in_o france_n when_o any_o great_a duke_n have_v the_o conduct_n of_o a_o army_n and_o thereby_o command_v other_o duke_n under_o he_o than_o be_v he_o call_v duke_n of_o france_n that_o be_v to_o say_v duke_z of_o dukes_z the_o which_o office_n for_o that_o it_o have_v so_o great_a a_o superintendencie_n be_v afterward_o call_v meyer_n du_fw-fr pallay_v this_o meyer_n or_o maior_n have_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o viceroy_n and_o command_v in_o all_o cause_v both_o military_a and_o civil_a to_o this_o degree_n of_o archduke_n belong_v a_o surcoat_n a_o mantle_n and_o a_o hood_n of_o crimson_a velvet_n wherewith_o he_o be_v invest_v at_o his_o creation_n he_o have_v also_o a_o chapeau_n or_o ducal_z cap_z double_a ermine_n indent_v with_o a_o coronet_n about_o the_o same_o and_o one_o arch_n of_o gold_n with_o a_o orb_n he_o also_o bear_v a_o verge_n or_o rod_n of_o gold_n chap._n 9_o a_o duke_n these_o duke_n be_v ornify_v with_o a_o surcoat_n mantle_n and_o hood_n at_o their_o creation_n they_o wear_v also_o a_o ducall_a cap_n double_v ermine_n but_o not_o indent_v they_o have_v also_o a_o coronet_n and_o verge_n of_o gold_n note_v here_o that_o in_o england_n all_o duke_n of_o the_o king_n blood_n as_o his_o son_n brother_n uncle_n or_o nephew_n ought_v be_v repute_v as_o archduke_n and_o precede_v all_o other_o duke_n note_v also_o that_o he_o who_o be_v a_o duke_n tantùm_fw-la shall_v take_v place_n before_o any_o lord_n that_o be_v both_o a_o marquesse_n and_o a_o earl_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v two_o dignity_n but_o he_o that_o be_v a_o duke_n and_o marquesse_n or_o a_o duke_n and_o a_o earl_n shall_v march_v before_o a_o duke_n tantùm_fw-la chap._n 10._o a_o marquesse_n the_o five_o estate_n be_v a_o marquesse_n call_v by_o the_o saxon_n a_o marken_n reve_v that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o ruler_n of_o the_o march_n this_o great_a officer_n in_o the_o king_n battle_n be_v chief_a captain_n of_o the_o horse_n camp_n and_o next_o it_o authority_n unto_o the_o heâ—tzog_n or_o constable_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v seem_v he_o be_v in_o degree_n as_o our_o high_a marshal_n be_v in_o england_n to_o this_o estate_n be_v due_a a_o surcoat_n mantle_n and_o hood_n with_o a_o coronet_n of_o gold_n fleury_n chap._n 11._o a_o earl_n in_o the_o empire_n at_o this_o day_n be_v sundry_a sort_n of_o earl_n which_o they_o call_v grave_n as_o landgrave_n id_fw-la est_fw-la regionum_fw-la comites_fw-la margrave_n id_fw-la est_fw-la certarum_fw-la marcarum_fw-la seu_fw-la districtuum_fw-la vel_fw-la agri_fw-la civitatis_fw-la aut_fw-la regionis_fw-la alicuius_fw-la finium_fw-la comites_fw-la palatine_n qui_fw-la sunt_fw-la judices_fw-la regni_fw-la
the_o person_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o roman_n two_o pope_n for_o one_o die_v there_o five_o patriarch_n three_o and_o thirty_o cardinal_n forty_o and_o seven_o archbishop_n a_o hundred_o forty_o and_o five_o bishop_n and_o 83._o suffragans_fw-la thirty_o and_o nine_o duke_n thirty_o and_o seven_o earl_n be_v absolute_a prince_n a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o inferior_a earl_n seventie_o and_o nine_o free_a lord_n or_o baron_n knight_n of_o all_o nation_n fifteen_o hundred_o gentleman_n twenty_o thousand_o beside_o doctor_n licentiat_v and_o schoolman_n infinite_a for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n appear_v richard_n beauchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n with_o he_o be_v four_o bishop_n viz._n sarisbury_n chester_n bath_n and_o bangor_n sarisbury_n die_v during_o that_o council_n and_o live_v take_v his_o place_n above_o all_o other_o bishop_n as_o a_o archbishop_n and_o for_o the_o time_n be_v place_v last_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o archbishop_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n attendant_n be_v as_o follow_v hurt_v the_o clough_n knight_n john_n warerton_n knight_n john_n seton_n knight_n piers_n craft_n knight_n john_n roch_n knight_n james_n hermford_n knight_n beringer_n de_fw-fr beaumond_n knight_n gentleman_n nicholas_n serpon_n william_n newland_n geffrey_n offley_n walter_n hungerford_n hugh_n holdbach_n john_n fitton_n thomas_n wileot_n richard_n dutton_n oliver_n dunley_n petrs_n craft_n john_n lantsdon_n john_n roche_n thomas_n fanhe_v william_n newland_n john_n merbory_n john_n otlinger_n ralph_n rainscroft_n henry_n vessey_n william_n vessey_n schoolman_n of_o cambridge_n henry_n abundy_n john_n wells_n john_n sheirford_n doctor_n in_o divinity_n thomas_n palton_n robert_n appleton_n john_n stokes_n civilians_n schoolman_n of_o oxford_n the_o lord_n prior_n of_o orsestry_n peter_n rodley_n priamus_n farbach_n chap._n 20._o of_o magistrate_n next_o under_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n sovereign_n be_v four_o degree_n of_o magistrate_n some_o be_v call_v magni_fw-la and_o illustres_fw-la some_z are_z medij_fw-la and_o spectabiles_fw-la some_z are_z minimi_fw-la and_o clarissimi_fw-it and_o some_o be_v infimi_fw-la the_o first_o may_v be_v name_v magistrate_n sovereign_a as_o they_o who_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o second_o be_v they_o that_o yield_v obedience_n to_o they_o and_o command_v other_o magistrate_n their_o inferior_n the_o latter_a two_o be_v such_o as_o can_v command_v any_o magistrate_n but_o have_v power_n only_o over_o particular_a subject_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n touch_v the_o first_o that_o have_v authority_n to_o command_v all_o other_o magistrate_n and_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o the_o prince_n they_o be_v few_o at_o this_o day_n then_o heretofore_o yet_o certain_a it_o seem_v that_o some_o roman_a emperor_n authorize_v one_o magistrate_n or_o lieutenant_n without_o any_o companion_n to_o command_v all_o other_o magistrate_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o to_o he_o all_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n do_v appeal_v which_o magistrate_n they_o call_v praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la true_a it_o be_v that_o at_o the_o beginning_n he_o be_v of_o no_o great_a quality_n than_o captain_n of_o the_o legion_n praetorian_a as_o seius_n strabo_n under_o augustus_n and_o sejanus_n under_o tibertus_n until_o other_o emperor_n succeed_v by_o little_a and_o little_o increase_v their_o authority_n as_o in_o the_o end_n the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la become_v lieutenant_n general_a and_o judge_v of_o all_o question_n and_o cause_n whatsoever_o by_o which_o occasion_n that_o office_n be_v give_v unto_o man_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n as_o martian_a under_o otho_n papinian_n under_o severus_n and_o ulpian_n under_o alexander_n all_o which_o come_v to_o pass_v before_o arm_n be_v divide_v from_o law_n and_o justicer_n from_o captain_n afterward_o this_o great_a office_n become_v impart_v unto_o two_o and_o sometime_o three_o person_n purposely_o to_o abridge_v the_o excessive_a authority_n of_o one_o but_o touch_v the_o precedency_n of_o magistrate_n albeit_o they_o can_v apt_o be_v range_v with_o those_o of_o the_o empire_n yet_o may_v they_o in_o some_o sort_n be_v place_v according_a to_o the_o dignity_n and_o degree_n of_o those_o title_n which_o the_o roman_n ancient_o use_v and_o touch_v their_o authority_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o know_v that_o a_o magistrate_n be_v a_o officer_n have_v power_n to_o command_v in_o the_o common_a weal_n among_o who_o in_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la be_v the_o chief_a have_v authority_n above_o all_o other_o officer_n to_o who_o also_o every_o one_o do_v appeal_v to_o this_o praetor_n or_o praefect_n we_o may_v compare_v the_o grand_a mayor_n du_fw-fr pallais_n in_o france_n who_o in_o time_n past_a do_v in_o that_o kingdom_n bear_v chief_a office_n to_o he_o also_o in_o some_o sort_n we_o may_v resemble_v the_o high_a seneschal_n of_o england_n under_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o other_o king_n his_o successor_n these_o magistrate_n may_v therefore_o be_v reasonable_o call_v illustrissimi_fw-la chief_v in_o the_o king_n absence_n for_o sure_a it_o be_v that_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n all_o power_n of_o magistrate_n and_o commissioner_n also_o do_v cease_v for_o during_o that_o time_n they_o have_v no_o authority_n of_o commandment_n either_o over_o other_o subject_n or_o other_o officer_n their_o inferior_n but_o this_o mighty_a magistrate_n be_v no_o more_o either_o in_o england_n or_o france_n yet_o during_o their_o authority_n they_o be_v call_v illustrissmi_n which_o title_n signify_v a_o certain_a preeminencie_n above_o all_o magistrate_n that_o be_v illustres_fw-la either_o honorarij_fw-la or_o administrantes_fw-la nam_fw-la accidentia_fw-la denominant_fw-la subiectum_fw-la next_o to_o these_o illustrissimi_fw-la or_o maximi_fw-la the_o chief_a place_n of_o precedency_n be_v due_a unto_o those_o who_o we_o call_v illustres_fw-la and_o among_o they_o the_o l._n chancellor_n be_v chief_a etiam_fw-la in_o dignitate_fw-la impari_fw-la as_o one_o who_o excellent_a virtue_n ought_v be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o officer_n likewise_o the_o lord_n high_a constable_n or_o lord_n martial_n be_v a_o magistrate_n illust._n the_o lord_n treasurer_n admiral_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n chamberlain_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n may_v assume_v the_o title_n of_o person_n illust._n or_o as_o we_o common_o call_v they_o right_a honourable_a so_o say_v cass._n it_o seem_v also_o that_o doctor_n who_o have_v read_v in_o school_n the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n may_v be_v call_v illustrissimi_fw-la as_o purpuratus_fw-la note_v to_o these_o illust._n or_o right_a honourable_a personage_n the_o law_n imperial_a have_v grant_v many_o great_a privilege_n as_o the_o same_o barthol_n discourse_v after_o these_o the_o magistrate_n who_o we_o former_o call_v spectabiles_fw-la and_o may_v in_o our_o tongue_n be_v term_v honourable_a ought_v to_o follow_v as_o commander_n in_o arm_n judge_n governor_n or_o lieutenant_n general_n of_o province_n and_o city_n etc._n etc._n the_o four_o place_n appertain_v to_o they_o that_o ancient_o be_v name_v clarissimi_fw-it or_o right_o worshipful_a who_o be_v inferior_a justicer_n and_o minister_n colonel_n captain_n and_o mean_a officer_n etc._n etc._n last_o be_v they_o who_o the_o roman_n entitle_v infimi_fw-la and_o in_o english_a worshipful_a as_o captain_n of_o particular_a castle_n judge_n in_o town_n corporate_a where_o no_o action_n be_v triable_a above_o 3000_o shilling_n note_v here_o that_o every_o magistrate_n be_v a_o officer_n but_o every_o officer_n be_v not_o a_o magistrate_n and_o of_o all_o magistrate_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v ever_o have_v precedence_n not_o only_o in_o england_n and_o france_n but_o of_o all_o anciencie_n in_o every_o other_o place_n for_o read_v we_o may_v that_o eginardus_n who_o write_v the_o life_n of_o carolus_n magnus_n be_v his_o chancellor_n likewise_o tribonianus_n be_v chancellor_n unto_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n josaphat_n be_v chancellor_n to_o king_n david_n 2._o of_o king_n vlpianus_n to_o the_o emperor_n alexander_n seneca_n to_o nero_n and_o in_o france_n the_o chancellor_n have_v so_o great_a pre-eminence_n as_o he_o precede_v the_o constable_n unless_o he_o be_v the_o king_n brother_n or_o his_o son_n for_o the_o better_a memory_n of_o the_o degree_n aforesaid_a lucas_n de_fw-fr penna_fw-la speak_v of_o titular_a dignity_n have_v leave_v these_o verse_n underwritten_a illustris_fw-la primus_fw-la medius_fw-la spectabilis_fw-la imus_fw-la ut_fw-la lex_fw-la testatur_fw-la clarissimus_fw-la esse_fw-la probatur_fw-la et_fw-la superillustris_fw-la praeponitur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la istis_fw-la chap._n 21._o of_o officer_n and_o their_o precedency_n officer_n serve_v prince_n be_v of_o diverse_a sort_n among_o which_o some_o do_v attend_v the_o prince_n person_n other_o have_v charge_n of_o his_o treasure_n some_o be_v minister_n of_o justice_n and_o some_o be_v commander_n in_o war_n for_o the_o better_a conceive_v of_o our_o intention_n therefore_o and_o the_o order_n of_o that_o which_o
then_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o chieftain_n yet_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 153._o ab_fw-la urbe_fw-la condita_fw-la publius_n varro_n and_z marcus_z sergius_n tribuni_fw-la militum_fw-la have_v receive_v a_o defeat_n of_o the_o vienti_fw-la they_o &_o the_o soldier_n be_v command_v to_o pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n notwithstanding_o that_o sergius_n affirm_v the_o loss_n to_o proceed_v only_o from_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n and_o virginius_n desire_v he_o may_v not_o be_v make_v more_o unfortunate_a at_o home_n than_o he_o have_v be_v in_o the_o field_n zeno_n the_o emperor_n punish_v a_o soldier_n for_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o let_v another_o man_n house_n his_o own_o term_n be_v therein_o determine_v because_o justinianus_n have_v inhibit_v soldier_n to_o dispose_v or_o meddle_v with_o good_n not_o their_o own_o unto_o like_a punishment_n be_v he_o subject_a that_o shall_v require_v his_o prince_n to_o permit_v he_o to_o receive_v pay_v in_o two_o diverse_a army_n if_o any_o soldier_n do_v take_v upon_o he_o other_o function_n then_o that_o of_o the_o war_n or_o so_o do_v as_o deputy_n unto_o another_o he_o be_v tax_v in_o ten_o pound_n of_o gold_n archadius_fw-la and_o honorius_n make_v a_o law_n that_o if_o any_o soldier_n disturb_v a_o victualer_n he_o shall_v pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n of_o gold_n the_o same_o emperor_n ordain_v that_o if_o any_o captain_n or_o other_o commander_n whatsoever_o do_v use_v a_o great_a part_n of_o a_o house_n or_o lodging_n than_o the_o harbinger_n have_v allot_v unto_o he_o he_o shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o three_o hundred_o pound_n in_o gold_n &_o if_o any_o soldier_n of_o less_o quality_n so_o do_v he_o shall_v be_v cass_v theodosius_n the_o emperor_n to_o suppress_v all_o evil_a custom_n in_o the_o war_n decree_v that_o if_o a_o soldier_n require_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v appertain_v to_o his_o host_n he_o shall_v be_v tax_v to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n the_o french_a king_n make_v a_o law_n that_o if_o soldier_n do_v take_v the_o good_n of_o any_o citizen_n or_o man_n of_o the_o country_n he_o shall_v be_v capital_o punish_v as_o if_o they_o have_v commit_v theft_n kanutus_n king_n of_o denmark_n ordain_v that_o all_o military_a pain_n may_v be_v satisfy_v and_o redeem_v by_o money_n except_v only_o the_o chastisement_n of_o beat_v therefore_o who_o so_o have_v incur_v the_o crime_n of_o manslaughter_n be_v condemn_v in_o forty_o thousand_o talent_n of_o money_n one_o part_n thereof_o to_o be_v pay_v unto_o the_o king_n another_z to_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o kinsfolk_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v chap._n 16._o of_o degrade_n and_o dishonour_v soldier_n appius_n claudius_n by_o commandment_n of_o the_o senate_n pronounce_v that_o all_o the_o roman_a soldier_n take_v prisoner_n by_o king_n pyrrhus_n of_o epiro_n and_o after_o by_o he_o free_o set_v at_o liberty_n shall_v be_v put_v back_o and_o lose_v honour_n he_o that_o serve_v on_o horseback_n from_o thencefoorth_o become_v a_o footman_n he_o that_o be_v a_o foot_n soldier_n be_v put_v to_o a_o sling_n and_o he_o that_o embezele_v another_o man_n weapon_n be_v utter_o discharge_v he_o that_o abandon_v his_o place_n do_v forfeit_v his_o degree_n he_o that_o in_o peace_n do_v forsake_v a_o leader_n of_o horse_n be_v put_v from_o his_o place_n and_o if_o many_o have_v do_v so_o and_o return_v short_o than_o they_o be_v all_o abase_v and_o appoint_v to_o mean_a service_n he_o that_o move_v any_o mutiny_n or_o small_a sedition_n be_v degrade_v and_o abase_v diverse_a emperor_n have_v decree_v that_o if_o any_o soldier_n on_o the_o holy_a day_n do_v behold_v comedy_n or_o other_o vain_a sight_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o entertainment_n justinianus_n deprive_v a_o captain_n call_v bessa_n for_o have_v omit_v opportunity_n to_o renforce_v a_o place_n of_o strength_n call_v petra_n severus_n the_o emperor_n confine_v and_o degrade_v all_o the_o praetorian_a soldier_n that_o distrube_v pertinax_n he_o also_o take_v from_o they_o their_o military_a girdle_n their_o apparel_n and_o other_o ornament_n confine_v they_o to_o abide_v a_o hundred_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n fuluius_n flaccus_n the_o censor_n depose_v his_o brother_n from_o military_a dignity_n because_o he_o be_v a_o tribune_n without_o order_n from_o the_o senate_n do_v license_v a_o band_n of_o soldier_n to_o return_v to_o their_o house_n chap._n 17._o ¶_o punishment_n military_a by_o beat_v forasmuch_o as_o great_a captain_n do_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o hope_v of_o impunity_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o many_o military_a error_n and_o to_o the_o end_n no_o fault_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o chastisement_n they_o therefore_o appoint_v pain_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o every_o offence_n a_o soldier_n that_o resist_v correction_n offer_v by_o his_o captain_n be_v beat_v with_o a_o cudgel_n and_o if_o he_o lay_v hold_v or_o hand_n thereof_o he_o be_v cass_v and_o if_o he_o break_v it_o or_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o captain_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n whereof_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o soldier_n be_v ancient_o beat_v the_o roman_a use_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n be_v thus_o a_o captain_n come_v to_o correct_v a_o soldier_n at_o the_o first_o slight_o touch_v his_o person_n with_o a_o cudgel_n or_o as_o some_o have_v write_v with_o a_o withy_a make_v of_o a_o vine_n tree_n which_o do_v all_o other_o man_n present_a in_o the_o army_n do_v strike_v the_o condemn_a man_n with_o staff_n and_o stone_n yet_o when_o many_o have_v offend_v together_o they_o be_v not_o thus_o handle_v but_o out_o of_o a_o great_a number_n some_o eight_o or_o ten_o of_o the_o seditious_a be_v slay_v the_o rest_n send_v away_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n all_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o equal_a punishment_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n use_v to_o deliver_v unto_o their_o captain_n a_o certain_a short_a staff_n or_o cudgel_n wherewith_o to_o beat_v the_o soldier_n that_o offend_v which_o serve_v also_o to_o direct_v they_o in_o their_o march_n and_o rank_n this_o punishment_n they_o call_v castigatio_fw-la per_fw-la vitem_fw-la hadrianus_n the_o emperor_n refuse_v to_o deliver_v any_o such_o staff_n but_o only_o to_o captain_n of_o discretion_n and_o good_a fame_n it_o be_v also_o write_v that_o lucilius_n a_o centurion_n have_v break_v his_o staff_n require_v another_o and_o break_v that_o also_o demand_v a_o three_o whereupon_o as_o tacitus_n note_v he_o be_v nickname_v cedò_fw-la alteram_fw-la i._o reach_v i_o another_o caluinus_n call_v also_o domitius_n obtain_v licence_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o beat_v a_o captain_n name_v jubillius_fw-la for_o flee_v the_o field_n cowardly_a it_o be_v also_o extant_a that_o certain_a legion_n abandon_v a_o consul_n be_v beat_v or_o as_o now_o by_o the_o italian_a phrase_n we_o term_v it_o do_v receive_v the_o bastonado_v this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n be_v ever_o accompanicd_v with_o infamy_n which_o move_v kanutus_n king_n of_o denmark_n to_o decree_n that_o all_o punishment_n of_o that_o kind_n may_v be_v dispense_v with_o for_o money_n allege_v that_o because_o dog_n be_v so_o correct_v therefore_o it_o be_v of_o all_o other_o chastisement_n most_o ignominious_a and_o consequent_o to_o be_v abhor_v persuade_v all_o great_a captain_n to_o use_v temperance_n and_o to_o punish_v rare_o and_o advise_o remember_v that_o phaleucus_fw-la a_o general_n of_o the_o phocenses_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o soldier_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v a_o bastonado_v much_o more_o cautious_a and_o slow_a ought_v colonel_n and_o private_a captain_n to_o be_v in_o offer_v this_o kind_n of_o correction_n chap._n 18._o of_o wage_n or_o pay_v forsomuch_o as_o the_o life_n of_o man_n can_v be_v sustain_v without_o meat_n and_o soldier_n want_n can_v not_o be_v supply_v where_o money_n lack_v it_o behove_v they_o shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o ordinary_a and_o daily_a wage_n yet_o true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o time_n long_o since_o pass_v man_n of_o war_n serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n and_o without_o pay_n therefore_o at_o what_o time_n the_o roman_n begin_v to_o give_v wage_n be_v not_o i_o think_v certain_o know_v some_o history_n say_v that_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n tullus_n the_o roman_n receive_v not_o wage_n other_o affirm_v that_o give_v of_o pay_n begin_v when_o massinissa_n make_v war_n with_o syphax_n king_n of_o numidia_n for_o then_o scipio_n hire_v certain_a mercenary_a soldier_n a_o course_n never_o before_o know_v among_o the_o roman_n livy_n write_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 348._o ab_fw-la urbe_fw-la conditae_fw-la when_o gneus_fw-la cornelius_n cossus_n valerius_n potitus_n publius_n cornelius_n cossus_n and_o claudius_n fabius_n ambustus_n be_v tribune_n military_a with_o authority_n consulate_v at_o the_o siege_n and_o sack_n of_o anxur_n now_o call_v terracina_n the_o senate_n decree_v
collar_n in_o token_n they_o excel_v all_o other_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n godfredus_n adelmarâ—_n institut_fw-la ordin_n tem_fw-la plariorum_fw-la fol._n 98._o chap._n 18._o knight_n templar_n in_o the_o year_n 1117._o nine_o gentleman_n who_o happen_v to_o meet_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n of_o which_o number_n be_v godfredus_n aldemaro_n alexandrino_n and_o hugo_n de_fw-fr planco_n de_fw-fr paganus_fw-la among_o themselves_o determine_v to_o erect_v a_o association_n or_o brotherhood_n and_o be_v come_v unto_o jerusalem_n they_o consult_v upon_o the_o estate_n of_o that_o country_n be_v inform_v that_o in_o zaffo_n a_o town_n ancient_o appertain_v to_o the_o family_n of_o contareni_n in_o venice_n there_o remain_v many_o thief_n that_o use_v daily_o to_o rob_v such_o pilgrim_n as_o resort_v unto_o the_o holy_a sepulchre_n they_o therefore_o resolve_v as_o a_o service_n acceptable_a to_o god_n to_o hazard_v their_o life_n in_o the_o suppression_n of_o those_o robber_n whereby_o the_o way_n unto_o jerusalem_n may_v become_v secure_a and_o because_o the_o christian_a army_n be_v then_o employ_v in_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n no_o order_n be_v take_v for_o safe_a passage_n to_o encourage_v these_o gentleman_n in_o so_o praisable_a a_o enterprise_n a_o lodging_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n near_o unto_o the_o sepulchre_n be_v appoint_v of_o which_o place_n they_o take_v the_o name_n of_o knight_n templar_n also_o the_o king_n and_o patriarch_n much_o like_v a_o action_n so_o honourable_a furnish_v they_o with_o many_o necessary_a provision_n to_o they_o also_o resort_v many_o other_o christian_n so_o as_o in_o short_a time_n the_o number_n become_v much_o increase_v yet_o no_o habit_n sign_n or_o rule_n be_v agree_v upon_o notwithstanding_o the_o gentleman_n persist_v in_o their_o vow_n nine_o year_n and_o grow_v to_o so_o great_a reputation_n that_o pope_n honorius_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o steven_n patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n prescribe_v unto_o they_o a_o order_n of_o life_n whereby_o they_o be_v enjoin_v to_o wear_v a_o white_a garment_n and_o pope_n eugenius_n add_v thereunto_o a_o red_a crosse._n after_o which_o time_n they_o elect_v a_o head_n or_o great_a master_n like_v unto_o he_o that_o command_v in_o malta_n the_o number_n of_o these_o knight_n daily_o increase_v and_o their_o enterprise_n become_v famous_a not_o only_o for_o guard_v the_o way_n and_o passage_n but_o also_o they_o undertake_v war_n against_o the_o infidel_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o the_o christian_a prince_n move_v with_o love_n of_o their_o virtue_n in_o sundry_a province_n assign_v unto_o they_o house_n and_o great_a revenue_n to_o be_v spend_v in_o god_n service_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o become_v so_o potent_a as_o in_o every_o christian_a kingdom_n they_o be_v owner_n of_o town_n fortress_n and_o castle_n and_o wheresoever_o the_o great_a master_n do_v go_v a_o mighty_a army_n do_v follow_v he_o it_o please_v god_n afterward_o to_o permit_v that_o jerusalem_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o holyland_n through_o discord_n among_o the_o christian_n and_o negligence_n of_o prince_n not_o send_v thither_o any_o aid_n be_v conquer_v about_o ninety_o year_n chap._n 19_o knight_n of_o san_n jago_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o arabian_n have_v well_o near_o conquer_v the_o country_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o spanish_a people_n refuse_v to_o live_v under_o the_o law_n of_o that_o barbarous_a nation_n retire_v themselves_o unto_o the_o mountain_n of_o asturia_n and_o there_o settle_v a_o government_n after_o some_o year_n of_o their_o abode_n there_o certain_a gentleman_n consult_v together_o determine_v to_o make_v a_o association_n and_o begin_v a_o war_n upon_o the_o infidel_n and_o moor_n these_o gentleman_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirteen_o be_v all_o baron_n and_o man_n of_o great_a quality_n agree_v also_o upon_o certain_a religious_a rule_n of_o knighthood_n yet_o reserve_v unto_o themselves_o liberty_n of_o marriage_n the_o ensign_n which_o they_o resolve_v to_o wear_v be_v a_o red_a cross_n in_o form_n of_o a_o sword_n this_o order_n be_v erect_v at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o king_n don_n ramiro_n win_v the_o victory_n against_o the_o moor_n in_o the_o province_n of_o compostella_n at_o which_o time_n great_a possession_n and_o privilege_n be_v give_v to_o s._n james_n of_o compostella_n anno_fw-la 1030._o this_o order_n have_v one_o chief_a governor_n who_o be_v call_v great_a master_n he_o with_o thirteen_o other_o knight_n have_v authority_n to_o choose_v or_o remove_v any_o knight_n at_o their_o discretion_n upon_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o all_o saint_n these_o knight_n do_v use_v to_o meet_v and_o consult_v upon_o matter_n appertein_v to_o their_o estate_n the_o revenue_n belong_v to_o these_o knight_n be_v marvelous_a amount_v to_o many_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n many_o pope_n have_v give_v their_o allowance_n to_o this_o order_n yet_o either_o they_o can_v not_o or_o will_v not_o reserve_v a_o great_a tribute_n thereof_o then_o ten_o malachini_fw-la yearly_o thomas_n docwra_n ordinis_fw-la s._n johis_fw-la hiâ—rosolom_n vulgo_fw-la de_fw-la malta_n pras._n in_fw-it anglia_fw-it &_o eques_fw-la ult._n folly_n 94._o chap._n 20._o knight_n of_o s._n john_n jerusalem_n call_v knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o now_o of_o malta_n it_o be_v write_v i_o know_v not_o with_o what_o warrant_n that_o at_o the_o city_n of_o amiens_n in_o picardy_n a_o province_n of_o france_n there_o be_v bear_v a_o certain_a gentleman_n who_o in_o his_o childhood_n have_v be_v bring_v up_o in_o learning_n and_o be_v grow_v to_o man_n estate_n dispose_v himself_o to_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n and_o there_o in_o long_a time_n continue_v afterward_o have_v attain_v ripe_a year_n he_o despise_v the_o world_n and_o frame_v himself_o to_o a_o solitary_a life_n as_o one_o full_o resolve_v to_o live_v in_o contemplation_n unseen_a of_o any_o but_o god_n alone_o have_v sometime_o remain_v in_o that_o solitary_a sort_n a_o sudden_a desire_n he_o have_v to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n where_o christ_n be_v bury_v which_o short_o after_o he_o do_v and_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v with_o security_n pass_v the_o barbarous_a nation_n he_o apparel_v himself_o like_o unto_o a_o physician_n by_o which_o mean_v without_o impediment_n he_o perform_v his_o journey_n thus_o have_v pass_v the_o difficulty_n of_o travel_n in_o diverse_a strange_a country_n he_o arrive_v at_o jerusalem_n and_o be_v there_o fall_v into_o acquaintance_n with_o simon_n patriarch_n of_o that_o city_n and_o in_o lament_v wise_a inform_v he_o of_o the_o oppression_n and_o cruelty_n offer_v and_o daily_o use_v by_o the_o infidel_n towards_o the_o poor_a christian_n in_o those_o country_n whereunto_o simon_n answer_v that_o albeit_o the_o christian_n in_o those_o country_n endure_v great_a outrage_n yet_o they_o of_o jerusalem_n suffer_v much_o great_a and_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o more_o if_o god_n do_v not_o defend_v they_o by_o this_o conference_n the_o patriarch_n conceive_v peter_n the_o hermit_n for_o so_o he_o be_v call_v to_o be_v a_o man_n of_o good_a understanding_n and_o apt_a to_o execute_v any_o action_n of_o importance_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v unto_o he_o whereupon_o the_o patriarch_n determine_v to_o make_v he_o a_o messenger_n unto_o the_o pope_n unto_o who_o by_o letter_n he_o impart_v the_o great_a calamity_n and_o afflict_a estate_n of_o the_o poor_a christian_n inhabit_v the_o holy_a land_n peter_n have_v receive_v his_o instruction_n and_o letter_n of_o credence_n return_v into_o the_o west_n first_o unto_o the_o pope_n and_o after_o solicit_v other_o prince_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o with_o so_o good_a success_n as_o by_o his_o persuasion_n many_o great_a king_n and_o potentate_n consent_v to_o take_v in_o hand_n the_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n from_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o infidel_n and_o some_o of_o they_o furnish_v that_o enterprise_n with_o man_n some_o with_o money_n and_o some_o do_v go_v in_o person_n among_o which_o number_n as_o the_o chief_a be_v robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n son_n to_o king_n william_n of_o england_n godfrey_n duke_n of_o lorain_n with_o two_o of_o his_o brethren_n call_v eustace_n and_o baldwin_n robert_n earl_n of_o flanders_n hugh_n surname_v the_o great_a brother_n to_o the_o french_a king_n with_o diverse_a other_o prince_n duke_n earl_n and_o baron_n also_o thither_o go_v beaumond_n duke_n of_o calabria_n who_o for_o zeal_n to_o that_o service_n or_o desire_v of_o honour_n resign_v his_o dukedom_n unto_o ruggiero_n his_o brother_n take_v with_o he_o so_o many_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o will_v voluntary_o follow_v he_o of_o who_o with_o such_o other_o captain_n and_o soldier_n of_o italy_n as_o come_v unto_o he_o he_o assemble_v more_o than_o twenty_o thousand_o all_o choice_n man_n and_o young_a fit_a for_o war_n all_o thing_n in_o this_o sort_n prepare_v for_o the_o journey_n vrban_n
commendable_o acquit_v themselves_o but_o the_o other_o two_o of_o that_o side_n be_v overthrow_v on_o the_o other_o side_n two_o only_o perform_v their_o course_n well_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o company_n exceed_v evil_a lose_v many_o lance_n and_o run_v very_o foul_a whereof_o a_o question_n grow_v whether_o unto_o five_o well_o doer_n and_o two_o evil_a or_o unto_o two_o well_o doer_n with_o five_o evil_a the_o honour_n ought_v to_o be_v allot_v albeit_o in_o this_o case_n much_o may_v be_v speak_v yet_o for_o that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o of_o any_o particular_a man_n merit_n but_o which_o party_n in_o general_n perform_v best_o the_o enterprise_n it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o party_n wherein_o be_v most_o weldoer_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o honour_n notwithstanding_o the_o fall_n of_o two_o of_o their_o companion_n yet_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o fall_n from_o horseback_n by_o the_o enemy_n force_n or_o virtue_n be_v most_o reproachful_a it_o seem_v that_o the_o misadventure_n of_o two_o man_n only_o may_v reasonable_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o honour_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o we_o leave_v the_o judgement_n of_o this_o doubt_n unto_o wise_a man_n better_o experience_v in_o arm_n two_o gentleman_n be_v in_o combat_n for_o life_n the_o challenger_n take_v the_o sword_n of_o the_o defender_n from_o he_o notwithstanding_o the_o defender_n most_o valiant_o defend_v himself_o with_o his_o arm_n and_o hand_n all_o the_o whole_a day_n during_o which_o time_n he_o can_v not_o be_v force_v either_o to_o deny_v yield_v or_o be_v slay_v a_o question_n thereupon_o arise_v whether_o of_o they_o be_v victorious_a forasmuch_o as_o this_o combat_n be_v for_o life_n and_o that_o in_o every_o fight_n of_o such_o nature_n no_o victory_n be_v full_o gain_v until_o the_o defender_n be_v slay_v or_o else_o force_v to_o yield_v or_o deny_v it_o seem_v that_o he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_v guilty_a not_o have_v do_v any_o of_o these_o although_o his_o sword_n be_v lose_v which_o indeed_o in_o all_o martial_a exercise_n and_o feat_n of_o arm_n be_v a_o thing_n much_o to_o be_v discommend_v but_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o combat_n and_o action_n for_o honour_n love_n and_o praise_v only_o whosoever_o lose_v his_o sword_n must_v present_o also_o lose_v the_o honour_n and_o victory_n two_o gentleman_n fight_v for_o life_n within_o the_o list_n the_o one_o yield_v himself_o a_o prisoner_n whether_o may_v the_o prince_n of_o the_o place_n who_o in_o combat_n be_v elect_v a_o judge_n save_o the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o be_v vanquish_v hereunto_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o albeit_o every_o prisoner_n appertain_v unto_o his_o taker_n yet_o have_v it_o common_o be_v use_v that_o the_o victorious_a have_v present_v their_o prisoner_n unto_o the_o prince_n to_o be_v dispose_v at_o his_o good_a pleasure_n who_o in_o recompense_n thereof_o do_v use_v according_a to_o the_o magnanimous_a mind_n of_o such_o person_n not_o only_o to_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o victorious_a but_o also_o in_o sign_n of_o clemency_n and_o mercy_n set_v the_o infortunate_a prisoner_n free_o at_o liberty_n as_o do_v the_o noble_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o of_o england_n unto_o john_n visconti_n who_o in_o his_o presence_n be_v vanquish_v by_o thomas_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr march_n base_a son_n unto_o the_o french_a king_n and_o philip_n duke_n of_o milan_n do_v the_o like_a unto_o a_o unfortunate_a gentleman_n vanquish_v by_o a_o neoplitane_a knight_n chap._n 14._o of_o the_o honour_n gain_v or_o lose_v by_o be_v disarm_v in_o sundry_a place_n and_o of_o sundry_a piece_n a_o man_n that_o lose_v his_o sword_n in_o fight_n be_v more_o reproach_v than_o he_o that_o lose_v his_o shield_n for_o he_o gain_v the_o great_a honour_n that_o win_v the_o chief_a weapon_n from_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v the_o sword_n see_v therewith_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n do_v create_v their_o knight_n and_o the_o sword_n be_v bear_v before_o they_o in_o in_o sign_n of_o authority_n and_o regal_a power_n he_o that_o lose_v his_o head-piece_n in_o fight_n be_v more_o dishonour_v than_o he_o that_o lose_v his_o shield_n because_o the_o helmet_n defend_v the_o most_o principal_a part_n of_o man_n but_o the_o shield_n arm_v a_o low_a place_n he_o that_o lose_v his_o gauntlet_n in_o fight_n be_v more_o to_o be_v blame_v than_o he_o who_o be_v disarm_v of_o his_o poulderon_n for_o the_o gauntlet_n arm_v the_o hand_n without_o which_o member_n no_o fight_n can_v be_v perform_v and_o therefore_o that_o part_n of_o armour_n be_v common_o send_v in_o sign_n of_o defiance_n he_o that_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o saddle_n by_o violence_n of_o his_o adversary_n encounter_n shall_v be_v more_o reprove_v than_o he_o who_o fall_v by_o the_o default_n of_o his_o horse_n the_o break_n of_o girth_n or_o any_o such_o like_a accident_n chap._n 15._o ¶_o of_o the_o honour_n gain_v or_o lose_v by_o the_o hurt_v give_v or_o take_v in_o combat_n for_o life_n or_o in_o triumph_n he_o that_o in_o fight_n lose_v his_o eye_n shall_v thereby_o receive_v more_o dishonour_n than_o he_o that_o lose_v his_o tooth_n because_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o member_n serve_v the_o most_o necessary_a sense_n but_o the_o tooth_n be_v only_a instrument_n of_o the_o mouth_n he_o that_o lose_v his_o right_a eye_n be_v more_o to_o be_v reproach_v than_o he_o that_o lose_v the_o left_a eye_n because_o the_o right_a side_n be_v in_o better_a opinion_n of_o man_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o leg_n if_o a_o man_n have_v but_o one_o eye_n do_v fight_v with_o another_o man_n that_o have_v two_o in_o lose_v that_o one_o eye_n he_o shall_v be_v more_o blame_v than_o he_o who_o have_v two_o eye_n although_o he_o lose_v one_o he_o that_o lose_v his_o whole_a hand_n shall_v be_v more_o reproach_v than_o he_o who_o lose_v one_o eye_n and_o he_o that_o lose_v a_o foot_n be_v more_o disgrace_v than_o he_o that_o lose_v one_o hand_n chap._n 16._o of_o combat_n ancient_a too_o long_o it_o be_v to_o tell_v the_o cause_n and_o event_n of_o combat_n heretofore_o perform_v by_o prince_n and_o other_o person_n of_o honourable_a quality_n nevertheless_o who_o so_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o be_v ancient_o do_v in_o matter_n of_o such_o quality_n let_v he_o read_v the_o combat_n of_o david_n with_o goliath_n of_o romulus_n with_o acron_n of_o marcellus_n with_o virdimarus_fw-la king_n of_o france_n of_o the_o horatij_n and_o curiatij_n of_o satibarzanes_n with_o erigius_n of_o horrates_n with_o dioxippus_n a_o champion_n of_o alexander_n with_o porus_n king_n of_o the_o indian_n of_o titus_n manlius_n with_o one_o other_o frenchman_n of_o marcus_n valerius_n with_o one_o other_o lord_n of_o that_o nation_n of_o jonathas_n the_o jew_n with_o pudentus_fw-la of_o a_o duke_n of_o bohemia_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n of_o certain_a christian_n with_o a_o like_a number_n of_o barbarian_n of_o seanderbeg_n alone_o against_o three_o other_o man_n of_o valares_n a_o gothian_a with_o artanas_n a_o armenian_a and_o many_o other_o chap._n 17._o the_o order_n of_o combat_n for_o life_n in_o england_n as_o they_o be_v ancient_o record_v in_o the_o office_n of_o arm_n at_o london_n first_o the_o cartell_n or_o bill_n of_o quarrel_n aswell_o of_o the_o challenger_n behalf_n as_o of_o the_o defender_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o court_n before_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n and_o when_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o quarrel_n can_v not_o be_v prove_v by_o witness_n nor_o otherwise_o then_o be_v it_o permit_v the_o same_o shall_v receive_v trial_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n the_o one_o party_n by_o assail_a the_o other_o by_o defend_v the_o constable_n as_o vicar_n general_a unto_o the_o king_n assign_v the_o day_n of_o battle_n which_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v within_o forty_o day_n next_o follow_v whereunto_o both_o the_o challenger_n and_o defender_n condscend_v then_o be_v the_o combatant_n command_v to_o bring_v in_o sufficient_a pledge_n for_o surety_n that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v appear_v and_o perform_v the_o combat_n betwixt_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o go_v do_v of_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o acquirall_n of_o their_o pledge_n and_o that_o they_o nor_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v do_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v do_v any_o molestation_n damage_n assault_n or_o subtlety_n against_o the_o person_n of_o his_o enemy_n either_o by_o himself_o his_o friend_n his_o follower_n or_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o in_o what_o sort_n the_o king_n command_v the_o place_n of_o combat_n to_o be_v make_v the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v signify_v unto_o the_o constable_n &_o marshal_n they_o cause_v list_n or_o rail_n to_o be_v make_v and_o set_v up_o in_o length_n
threescore_o pace_n and_o in_o breadth_n forty_o pace_n the_o place_n where_o the_o list_n be_v appoint_v be_v ever_o upon_o plain_a and_o dry_a ground_n without_o ridge_n hill_n or_o other_o impediment_n at_o either_o end_n of_o the_o list_n be_v make_v a_o gate_n or_o place_n of_o entry_n with_o a_o strong_a bar_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o people_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o either_o gate_n one_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n be_v appoint_v and_o command_v not_o to_o suffer_v any_o man_n to_o approach_v within_o four_o foot_n the_o one_o gate_n open_v towards_o the_o east_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o west_n be_v strong_o bar_v with_o a_o rail_n of_o seven_o foot_n long_o and_o of_o such_o height_n as_o no_o horse_n can_v pass_v under_o or_o over_o the_o same_o in_o what_o sort_n the_o king_n do_v sit_v to_o behold_v the_o combat_n on_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n the_o king_n use_v to_o sit_v on_o a_o high_a seat_n or_o scaffold_n purposely_o make_v at_o the_o foot_n whereof_o be_v another_o seat_n for_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n who_o be_v come_v thither_o call_v before_o they_o the_o pledge_n aswell_o of_o the_o defendant_n as_o of_o the_o challenger_n to_o be_v show_v and_o present_v unto_o the_o king_n there_o to_o remain_v within_o the_o list_n as_o prisoner_n until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o challenger_n and_o defender_n be_v come_v and_o have_v perform_v all_o their_o ceremony_n in_o what_o sort_n the_o challenger_n use_v to_o present_v himself_o to_o combat_n the_o challenger_n do_v common_o come_v to_o the_o east_n gate_n of_o the_o list_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o such_o armour_n as_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o court_n and_o wherewith_o he_o determine_v to_o fight_v be_v at_o the_o gate_n there_o he_o stay_v until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n arise_v from_o their_o seat_n and_o go_v thither_o they_o be_v come_v to_o the_o say_a gate_n of_o the_o list_n &_o behold_v the_o challenger_n there_o the_o constable_n say_v for_o what_o cause_n be_v thou_o come_v hither_o thus_o arm_v and_o what_o be_v thy_o name_n unto_o who_o the_o challenger_n answer_v thus_o my_o name_n be_v a._n b._n and_o be_o hither_o come_v arm_v and_o mount_v to_o perform_v my_o challenge_n against_o g._n d._n and_o acquit_v my_o pledge_n wherefore_o i_o humble_o desire_v this_o gate_n may_v be_v open_v and_o i_o suffer_v to_o perform_v my_o intent_n and_o purpose_n then_o the_o constable_n do_v open_v the_o visor_n of_o his_o headpiece_n to_o see_v his_o face_n and_o thereby_o to_o know_v that_o man_n to_o be_v he_o who_o make_v the_o challenge_n these_o ceremony_n end_v the_o constable_n command_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o list_n to_o be_v open_v whereat_o the_o arm_a man_n with_o his_o necessary_n and_o council_n enter_v from_o thence_o he_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n where_o he_o remain_v until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o defender_n be_v come_v thither_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o defender_n appear_v do_v make_v request_n unto_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n desire_v they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o deliver_v and_o discharge_v his_o pledge_n whereupon_o the_o say_a constable_n and_o martial_n do_v humble_o desire_v the_o king_n to_o release_v they_o because_o the_o defender_n be_v already_o come_v and_o present_v before_o his_o majesty_n there_o to_o perform_v his_o duty_n but_o in_o case_n the_o defender_n do_v not_o come_v at_o time_n convenient_a in_o the_o day_n appoint_v then_o do_v the_o king_n deliver_v his_o pleasure_n unto_o the_o constable_n and_o he_o report_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o marshal_n who_o forthwith_o do_v give_v order_n unto_o the_o lieutenant_n that_o the_o defender_n shall_v present_o be_v call_v to_o appear_v by_o the_o herald_n martial_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o south_n call_v clarencieux_n and_o in_o case_n the_o herald_n martial_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o south_n be_v not_o present_a than_o be_v the_o proclamation_n make_v by_o some_o other_o herald_n but_o if_o the_o combat_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o north_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n of_o trent_n in_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o north_n call_v norrey_n than_o be_v his_o marshal_n to_o make_v proclamation_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n oiez_fw-fr g._n d._n defendant_n in_o this_o combat_n appear_v now_o for_o in_o this_o day_n thou_o have_v take_v upon_o thou_o to_o acquit_v thy_o pledge_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n constable_n and_o martial_n and_o also_o defend_v thy_o person_n against_o a._n b._n who_o challenge_v thou_o to_o maintain_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o combat_n this_o proclamation_n be_v make_v thrice_o at_o every_o corner_n of_o the_o list_n but_o if_o at_o the_o second_o time_n the_o party_n appear_v not_o than_o the_o herald_n do_v add_v these_o word_n the_o day_n pass_v and_o therefore_o come_v without_o delay_n and_o if_o in_o case_n the_o say_a defendant_n appear_v not_o before_o noon_n but_o stay_v until_o the_o three_o hour_n after_o than_o do_v the_o herald_n by_o commandment_n of_o the_o constable_n and_o martial_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o proclamation_n say_v a._n b._n appear_v in_o haste_n and_o save_v thy_o honour_n for_o the_o day_n be_v well_o near_o spend_v wherein_o thou_o do_v promise_v to_o perform_v thy_o enterprise_n it_o be_v also_o use_v that_o the_o constable_n clerk_n shall_v in_o a_o book_n record_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o combatant_n appear_v within_o the_o list_n either_o on_o foot_n or_o on_o horseback_n in_o what_o sort_n they_o be_v arm_v of_o what_o colour_n the_o horse_n be_v and_o how_o they_o be_v in_o all_o point_v furnish_v it_o be_v also_o ancient_o use_v that_o the_o constable_n move_v the_o king_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o combatant_n to_o know_v whether_o his_o majesty_n be_v please_v to_o appoint_v any_o of_o his_o nobility_n or_o other_o servant_n of_o reputation_n to_o assist_v they_o for_o counsel_n in_o combat_n the_o constable_n and_o martial_n do_v survey_v the_o lance_n and_o other_o weapon_n wherewith_o the_o combat_n shall_v be_v perform_v make_v they_o equal_a and_o of_o even_a measure_n the_o constable_n also_o appoint_v two_o knight_n or_o esquire_n unto_o the_o challenger_n to_o keep_v the_o place_n free_a from_o impediment_n the_o like_a be_v also_o do_v for_o the_o defender_n the_o constable_n do_v also_o move_v the_o king_n to_o know_v whether_o his_o majesty_n in_o person_n will_v take_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o fighter_n or_o give_v he_o and_o the_o martial_a authority_n to_o do_v it_o out_o of_o his_o presence_n the_o constable_n also_o do_v send_v the_o marshal_n unto_o the_o challenger_n and_o his_o counsel_n to_o make_v ready_a his_o oath_n declare_v that_o after_o that_o ceremony_n all_o protestation_n shall_v be_v void_a after_o these_o preparation_n the_o constable_n cause_v his_o clerk_n to_o bring_v forth_o the_o book_n whereupon_o the_o combatant_n be_v solemn_o swear_v the_o first_o oath_n the_o constable_n have_v cause_v his_o clerk_n to_o read_v the_o challenger_n bill_n and_o call_v he_o by_o his_o name_n say_v do_v thou_o conceive_v the_o effect_n of_o this_o bill_n here_o be_v also_o thy_o own_o gauntlet_n of_o defiance_n thou_o shall_v swear_v by_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n that_o all_o thing_n therein_o contain_v be_v true_a and_o that_o thou_o maintain_v it_o so_o to_o be_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o thy_o adversary_n as_o god_n shall_v help_v thou_o and_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n the_o oath_n thus_o take_v he_o be_v lead_v back_o unto_o his_o former_a place_n and_o the_o constable_n do_v cause_v the_o marshal_n to_o produce_v the_o defender_n who_o take_v the_o like_a oath_n this_o oath_n be_v ever_o take_v the_o party_n kneel_v unless_o it_o please_v the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n to_o pardon_v that_o duty_n the_o second_o oath_n the_o second_o oath_n be_v also_o indifferent_o propound_v to_o either_o of_o they_o viz._n that_o they_o have_v not_o bring_v into_o the_o list_n other_o armour_n or_o weapon_n than_o be_v allow_v neither_o any_o engine_n instrument_n herb_n charm_n or_o enchantment_n and_o that_o neither_o of_o they_o shall_v put_v affiance_n or_o trust_n in_o any_o thing_n other_o then_o god_n and_o their_o own_o valour_n as_o god_n and_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n shall_v help_v they_o that_o do_v they_o be_v both_o send_v to_o their_o place_n of_o entry_n the_o three_o oath_n be_v thus_o the_o combatant_n be_v again_o call_v be_v command_v by_o the_o constable_n to_o take_v one_o the_o other_o by_o the_o hand_n and_o lay_v their_o left_a hand_n upon_o the_o book_n which_o do_v the_o constable_n say_v i_o charge_v thou_o a._n b._n challenger_n upon_o thy_o faith_n that_o thou_o do_v thy_o uttermost_a endeavour_n and_o force_v to_o prove_v thy_o affirmation_n either_o by_o
and_o all_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o court._n the_o day_n of_o triumph_n be_v come_v the_o king_n and_o the_o queen_n attend_v upon_o by_o the_o troop_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o lady_n aforesaid_a pass_v through_o london_n from_o the_o tower_n to_o smithfield_n be_v come_v thither_o the_o king_n the_o queen_n the_o lady_n and_o other_o honourable_a personage_n settle_a themselves_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v prepare_v and_o sort_v with_o their_o degree_n then_o be_v the_o man_n of_o arm_n marshal_v and_o set_v in_o such_o order_n as_o they_o shall_v run_v the_o first_o course_n be_v allot_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o s._n paul_n and_o his_o band_n who_o be_v with_o great_a courage_n encounter_v by_o the_o english_a between_o they_o the_o first_o day_n just_z be_v spend_v and_o that_o night_n his_o majesty_n the_o queen_n and_o all_o the_o company_n sup_v and_o lodge_v in_o the_o bishop_n house_n near_o to_o saint_n paul_n church_n the_o chief_a honour_n and_o commendation_n of_o that_o first_o fight_n be_v among_o the_o stranger_n give_v unto_o the_o earl_n of_o s._n paul_n and_o among_o the_o english_a the_o earl_n of_o huntingdon_n have_v the_o praise_n this_o magnificent_a supper_n end_v every_o one_o resort_v to_o his_o lodging_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n only_o except_v who_o continue_v their_o lodging_n in_o that_o house_n all_o the_o time_n of_o that_o triumph_n the_o next_o day_n after_o noon_n king_n richard_n himself_o in_o complete_a armour_n appear_v in_o the_o field_n be_v follow_v with_o the_o whole_a band_n of_o english_a knight_n thither_o also_o come_v the_o queen_n with_o her_o train_n of_o lady_n and_o be_v set_v in_o that_o room_n where_o the_o day_n before_o she_o have_v be_v place_v the_o first_o of_o the_o stranger_n that_o offer_v to_o run_v be_v the_o earl_n of_o oye_n who_o present_v himself_o and_o his_o company_n most_o pompous_o furnish_v and_o after_o he_o follow_v the_o earl_n of_o s._n paul_n with_o his_o troop_n of_o frenchman_n the_o knight_n stranger_n be_v enter_v and_o ready_a be_v forthwith_o encounter_v by_o the_o english_a the_o conflict_n continue_v till_o dark_a night_n with_o equal_a honour_n the_o just_n of_o that_o day_n end_v the_o king_n return_v to_o his_o lodging_n accompany_v with_o the_o noble_a stranger_n and_o there_o sup_v the_o chief_a commendation_n of_o that_o day_n on_o the_o stranger_n part_n be_v allot_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o oye_n who_o by_o his_o virtue_n without_o favour_n so_o deserve_v likewise_o among_o the_o english_a a_o gentleman_n name_v hew_v spencer_n be_v high_o praise_v on_o tuesday_n also_o the_o man_n at_o arm_n resort_v to_o the_o tilt_n and_o continue_v the_o exercise_n with_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o beholder_n on_o wednesday_n the_o runner_n intermingle_v themselves_o and_o every_o one_o do_v run_v as_o he_o think_v good_a on_o thursday_n the_o king_n convit_v all_o the_o man_n and_o all_o the_o woman_n sup_v with_o the_o queen_n on_o friday_n the_o whole_a company_n be_v feast_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n on_o saturday_n the_o king_n and_o the_o queen_n accompany_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o oye_n and_o s._n paul_n in_o great_a state_n ride_v to_o windsor_n where_o they_o be_v most_o honourable_o entertain_v and_o the_o earl_n of_o oye_n receive_v the_o garter_n from_o thence_o every_o one_o return_v home_o chap._n 30._o the_o triumphal_a passage_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o emperor_n through_o france_n anno_fw-la 1540_o in_o the_o month_n of_o december_n this_o emperor_n arrive_v at_o bayon_n where_o the_o dolphin_n and_o duke_n of_o awernia_n with_o great_a pomp_n receive_v he_o be_v in_o the_o town_n he_o behave_v himself_o as_o king_n pardon_v offender_n and_o deluer_v they_o from_o prison_n from_o thence_o with_o like_a majesty_n he_o pass_v to_o other_o city_n accompany_v with_o the_o say_a dolphin_n and_o duke_n where_o he_o use_v the_o same_o authority_n in_o january_n he_o come_v to_o castelloaldum_fw-la where_o the_o king_n in_o person_n with_o much_o magnificence_n entertain_v he_o from_o thence_o he_o pass_v to_o amboyse_n where_o king_n charles_n the_o 8._o have_v build_v two_o great_a tower_n the_o wall_n whereof_o be_v so_o large_a as_o mule_n and_o cart_n may_v pass_v upon_o they_o the_o king_n then_o to_o the_o end_n that_o caesar_n entry_n in_o the_o night_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o magnificent_a furnish_v those_o tower_n with_o a_o exceed_a great_a number_n of_o light_n so_o as_o they_o may_v behold_v all_o the_o country_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v fair_a day_n but_o when_o caesar_n be_v go_v up_o by_o great_a mishap_n the_o tower_n fall_v on_o fire_n the_o flame_n and_o smoke_n whereof_o become_v so_o great_a as_o every_o one_o fear_v lest_o the_o emperor_n shall_v have_v be_v smother_v whereupon_o all_o man_n there_o present_v labour_v by_o flee_v to_o save_v themselves_o some_o that_o be_v suspect_v to_o have_v do_v this_o fact_n be_v apprehend_v and_o the_o king_n do_v command_v they_o shall_v be_v hang_v though_o indeed_o no_o proof_n appear_v but_o caesar_n will_v in_o no_o wise_a they_o shall_v die_v so_o be_v they_o pardon_v after_o this_o disaster_n the_o king_n conduct_v the_o emperar_fw-it to_o blea_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o fountainableu_n where_o they_o hunt_v hauk_v and_o behold_v certain_a just_n and_o tournament_n in_o conclusion_n no_o sport_n or_o solace_n be_v omit_v from_o thence_o the_o emperor_n attend_v by_o the_o dolphin_n and_o duke_n go_v to_o paris_n before_o he_o enter_v the_o city_n the_o burgess_n and_o citizen_n of_o all_o sort_n come_v forth_o and_o receive_v he_o with_o no_o less_o ceremony_n then_o if_o the_o king_n have_v be_v present_a there_o he_o also_o set_v at_o liberty_n all_o prisoner_n from_o thence_o he_o pass_v unto_o the_o constable_n house_n and_o be_v there_o most_o honourable_o lodge_v at_o last_o he_o go_v into_o picardy_n and_o so_o to_o valentia_n which_o be_v the_o first_o town_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n in_o belgica_n unto_o which_o place_n the_o dolphin_n and_o duke_n do_v follow_v he_o chap._n 31._o the_o triumphal_a entry_n of_o philip_n prince_n of_o spain_n at_o milan_n an._n 1548._o this_o prince_n enter_v at_o the_o gate_n towards_o pavia_n where_o the_o citizen_n have_v make_v a_o stately_a bridge_n whereupon_o they_o show_v diverse_a pageant_n &_o arke_n triumphal_a adorn_v with_o verse_n and_o sentence_n very_o markable_a about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n after_o noon_n he_o enter_v the_o city_n where_o the_o most_o repute_a citizen_n do_v attend_v he_o in_o burgo_n della_fw-it trinitá_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o be_v pass_v that_o place_n he_o be_v salute_v by_o caesar_n gonzaga_n the_o count_n john_n trewltio_n the_o count_n charles_n belgioso_n and_o many_o other_o noble_a person_n rich_o apparel_v after_o they_o mutio_n sforza_n present_v his_o reverence_n be_v accompany_v with_o a_o great_a troop_n of_o gentleman_n of_o the_o country_n clad_v in_o white_a silk_n and_o bear_v in_o their_o hand_n pole-axe_n the_o head_n of_o they_o be_v gild_v and_o the_o staff_n cover_v with_o white_a silk_n then_o follow_v the_o doctor_n &_o scholar_n accompany_v with_o 300_o horseman_n apparel_v in_o yellow_a coat_n and_o immediate_o appear_v two_o other_o troop_n of_o man_n light_o arm_v which_o company_n guard_v the_o ancient_a lord_n and_o nobleman_n of_o the_o country_n among_o who_o be_v some_o prince_n earl_n and_o baron_n that_o troop_n be_v so_o great_a as_o two_o hour_n suffice_v not_o to_o see_v they_o pass_v they_o that_o ride_v next_o unto_o the_o prince_n person_n be_v the_o duke_n of_o alba_n the_o duke_n of_o sossa_n the_o marquesse_n of_o pescara_n the_o admiral_n of_o castilia_n the_o marquesse_n milo_n ferdinando_n gonzaga_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o cardinal_n of_o trent_n on_o the_o other_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n do_v ride_v behind_o they_o follow_v five_o company_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n apparel_v in_o silver_n and_o gold_n conduct_v by_o count_n alexander_n gonzaga_n count_n francisco_n somaia_n count_n philippo_n tornello_n &_o two_o other_o nobleman_n i_o omit_v to_o tell_v of_o diverse_a show_n arke_n triumphal_a and_o other_o sight_n wherewith_o in_o every_o street_n the_o prince_n be_v entertain_v by_o italian_n only_o these_o compliment_n end_v the_o prince_n come_v unto_o the_o chief_a church_n at_o the_o door_n whereof_o be_v excellent_a paintry_n the_o prince_n in_o his_o entire_a to_o the_o church_n be_v by_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o milan_n present_v with_o a_o basin_n of_o gold_n full_a of_o double_a duckat_n to_o the_o number_n of_o ten_o thousand_o as_o be_v report_v the_o prince_n thus_o entertain_v and_o settle_v in_o the_o city_n just_n and_o tournament_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o the_o actor_n in_o that_o triumph_n be_v apparel_v in_o
and_o other_o chap._n 48._o the_o inauguration_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o anno_fw-la 1520._o this_o emperor_n have_v give_v order_n for_o his_o affair_n in_o belgica_n require_v the_o elector_n that_o they_o will_v come_v to_o his_o inauguration_n at_o aquisgran_n where_o the_o plague_n then_o happen_v to_o be_v which_o move_v they_o to_o desire_v that_o the_o celebration_n may_v be_v elsewhere_o but_o his_o majesty_n at_o the_o citizen_n suit_n who_o have_v prepare_v with_o great_a cost_n resolve_v not_o to_o alter_v allege_v also_o that_o charles_n the_o four_o his_o predecessor_n have_v make_v a_o law_n that_o the_o emperor_n ought_v of_o necessity_n be_v crown_v at_o aquisgran_n the_o 21._o of_o october_n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n colein_n and_o trever_o appear_v the_o marquesse_n of_o brandenburg_n come_v after_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v sick_a stay_v at_o colein_n the_o next_o day_n all_o these_o prince_n ride_v to_o meet_v the_o emperor_n and_o when_o they_o come_v near_o unto_o his_o person_n they_o alight_v which_o do_v with_o all_o reverence_n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n in_o the_o name_n of_o they_o all_o speak_v unto_o his_o majesty_n and_o be_v by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o cardinal_n of_o salisburg_n courteous_o answer_v all_o those_o troop_n so_o unite_v proceed_v to_o the_o city_n without_o the_o gate_n the_o palatin_n of_o the_o rhine_n also_o do_v meet_v they_o so_o be_v the_o elector_n company_n about_o one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o some_o lance_n and_o some_o archer_n the_o emperor_n own_o troop_n be_v two_o thousand_o very_o magnificent_o furnish_v thither_o also_o come_v john_n duke_n of_o cleve_n with_o 400._o man_n well_o arm_v and_o much_o discord_n there_o be_v between_o the_o clâ—uoys_n and_o the_o saxon_n who_o shall_v precede_v the_o like_a pomp_n have_v not_o be_v see_v in_o germany_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o caesar_n ride_v the_o archbishop_n of_o cullein_n and_o on_o the_o other_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n next_o to_o they_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n the_o bishop_n of_o sedun_n saltsburg_n and_o croy_n all_o cardinal_n and_o with_o they_o be_v the_o ambassador_n of_o all_o king_n and_o prince_n save_v of_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v of_o purpose_n lest_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o german_a prince_n shall_v precede_v they_o the_o emperor_n be_v come_v to_o aquisgran_n alight_v at_o our_o lady_n church_n and_o there_o after_o prayer_n he_o talk_v particular_o with_o the_o elector_n who_o follow_v he_o to_o his_o lodging_n one_o other_o day_n they_o meet_v again_o in_o the_o temple_n where_o the_o throng_n be_v so_o great_a as_o hardly_o the_o guard_n can_v make_v room_n in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o temple_n a_o great_a crown_n be_v hang_v and_o under_o it_o carpet_n be_v spread_v whereupon_o caesar_n do_v prostrate_v himself_o till_o the_o archbishop_n of_o collen_n have_v end_v certain_a prayer_n then_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n and_o trever_o do_v take_v he_o up_o and_o lead_v he_o before_o our_o lady_n altar_n where_o again_o he_o fall_v down_o upon_o his_o face_n and_o after_o prayer_n they_o lead_v he_o to_o his_o throne_n of_o state_n when_o these_o ceremony_n be_v end_v the_o bishop_n of_o cullen_n begin_v the_o mass_n and_o have_v say_v a_o part_n thereof_o he_o ask_v the_o emperor_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n if_o he_o will_v conserve_v the_o christian_a faith_n defend_v the_o church_n do_v justice_n protect_v the_o empire_n defend_v widow_n fatherless_a child_n and_o people_n distress_v whereunto_o when_o he_o have_v consent_v he_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o altar_n and_o there_o with_o a_o solemn_a oath_n confirm_v the_o word_n he_o have_v speak_v and_o return_v to_o his_o throne_n after_o the_o oath_n take_v the_o bishop_n of_o cullen_n say_v other_o prayer_n and_o then_o put_v oil_n upon_o his_o head_n his_o breast_n the_o bend_a place_n of_o his_o arm_n and_o the_o palm_n of_o his_o hand_n be_v thus_o anoint_v the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n and_o trever_o lead_v he_o into_o the_o vestry_n where_o they_o apparel_v he_o as_o a_o deacon_n and_o in_o that_o habit_n bring_v he_o forth_o and_o place_v he_o in_o his_o throne_n where_o after_o more_o prayer_n the_o archbishop_n of_o cullen_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n a_o naked_a sword_n and_o recommend_v to_o he_o the_o common_a weal_n caesar_n have_v the_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n put_v it_o into_o the_o sheath_n which_o do_v they_o put_v upon_o his_o finger_n a_o ring_n and_o on_o his_o shoulder_n they_o cast_v a_o regal_a cloak_n they_o also_o deliver_v to_o he_o a_o sceptre_n and_o a_o ball_n to_o represent_v the_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n then_o all_o the_o three_o bishop_n lay_v hand_n on_o the_o crown_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o the_o emperor_n head_n when_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v he_o be_v again_o bring_v unto_o the_o altar_n and_o there_o swear_v to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a prince_n that_o oath_n take_v the_o emperor_n accompany_v with_o those_o bishop_n go_v up_o high_o and_o there_o sit_v in_o a_o seat_n of_o stone_n then_o the_o bishop_n of_o mentz_n in_o the_o german_a tongue_n speak_v aloud_o and_o wish_v that_o his_o majesty_n and_o people_n to_o he_o subject_n may_v long_o live_v in_o health_n and_o happiness_n after_o which_o word_n in_o sign_n of_o public_a joy_n the_o quorister_n and_o instrument_n of_o music_n make_v melody_n at_o all_o these_o solemn_a prayer_n the_o lady_n margarita_n aunt_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o governess_n of_o the_o low_a country_n be_v present_a in_o the_o end_n of_o these_o compliment_n he_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n and_o make_v many_o knight_n which_o honour_n as_o i_o auctor_fw-la say_v be_v ancient_o the_o reward_n of_o virtue_n and_o approve_a valour_n but_o now_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o if_o a_o king_n do_v light_o lay_v his_o sword_n upon_o any_o man_n shoulder_n that_o favour_n alone_o without_o more_o ceremony_n or_o other_o merit_n shall_v make_v he_o a_o knight_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o title_n be_v give_v not_o only_o to_o gentleman_n well_o bear_v but_o also_o to_o merchant_n and_o other_o that_o ambitious_o do_v seek_v it_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o the_o church_n the_o emperor_n return_v to_o his_o palace_n which_o be_v most_o magnificent_o prepare_v there_o he_o dine_v and_o so_o do_v the_o elector_n every_o one_o sit_v at_o a_o table_n by_o himself_o the_o dinner_n be_v end_v and_o the_o table_n take_v away_o the_o bishop_n of_o trever_o take_v place_n right_a against_o the_o emperor_n for_o so_o the_o law_n of_o charlemagne_n determine_v in_o age_n more_o ancient_a a_o ox_n body_n fill_v full_a of_o small_a beast_n and_o fowl_n be_v roast_v on_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n inauguration_n whereof_o one_o part_n be_v serve_v at_o his_o table_n the_o rest_n give_v to_o the_o multitude_n two_o conduit_n be_v likewise_o make_v to_o run_v wine_n all_o that_o day_n dinner_n be_v do_v the_o emperor_n retire_v into_o his_o chamber_n and_o there_o he_o deliver_v the_o seal_n of_o the_o empire_n unto_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n and_o the_o next_o day_n all_o the_o elector_n sup_v with_o his_o majesty_n chap._n 49._o ¶_o ceremony_n appertain_v to_o the_o delivery_n of_o prize_n at_o joust_n and_o tournament_n at_o every_o public_a triumph_n before_o a_o prince_n it_o seem_v the_o use_n heretofore_o have_v be_v that_o the_o prize_n of_o best_a desert_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o queen_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n presence_n but_o first_o a_o solemn_a proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o herald_n to_o this_o effect_n oyez_fw-fr oyez_fw-fr oyez_fw-fr be_v it_o know_v to_o all_o man_n by_o these_o present_n that_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o most_o high_a most_o excellent_a and_o most_o puissant_a prince_n h._n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n france_n and_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n that_o of_o those_o which_o have_v jou_v on_o the_o challenger_n side_n a._n b._n have_v deserve_v the_o prize_n and_o to_o he_o let_v the_o same_o be_v give_v as_o due_a by_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o queen_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o her_o lady_n gentlewoman_n and_o all_o other_o of_o her_o highness_n court_n here_o present_a likewise_o on_o the_o party_n of_o defender_n c._n d._n have_v jou_v well_o e._n f._n better_o but_o g._n h._n best_o of_o all_o unto_o who_o the_o prize_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o most_o mighty_a most_o excellent_a and_o virtuous_a princess_n with_o consent_n aforesaid_a this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o deliver_v the_o prize_n at_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o triumphant_a joust_n
be_v likewise_o capable_a of_o temporal_a dignity_n as_o barony_n and_o earldom_n some_o of_o they_o be_v account_v count_n palatine_n in_o their_o proper_a jurisdiction_n baron_n by_o writ_n be_v summon_v by_o their_o proper_a surname_n as_o a._n b._n chevalier_n although_o indeed_o he_o be_v no_o knight_n and_o all_o those_o baron_n so_o call_v by_o writ_n the_o dignity_n be_v invest_v in_o their_o own_o surname_n and_o so_o in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o not_o in_o their_o castle_n house_n manor_n or_o lordship_n baron_n by_o creation_n be_v either_o solemn_o create_v by_o another_o name_n than_o their_o own_o as_o in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o wife_n or_o mother_n or_o else_o by_o the_o name_n of_o some_o castle_n house_n manor_n or_o lordship_n in_o which_o diversity_n although_o baron_n be_v diverse_o make_v yet_o be_v they_o all_o alike_o in_o their_o calling_n and_o though_o in_o show_v some_o of_o their_o dignity_n be_v of_o a_o place_n certain_a yet_o be_v the_o right_a dignity_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o baron_n for_o admit_v a_o baron_n shall_v â—ell_v or_o exchange_v the_o place_n whereof_o he_o be_v call_v yet_o shall_v he_o still_o hold_v the_o name_n and_o be_v write_v and_o repute_v thereby_o and_o have_v his_o place_n and_o voice_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o same_o name_n he_o be_v first_o call_v or_o create_v of_o knight_n and_o knighthood_n we_o have_v at_o large_a discourse_v in_o the_o second_o book_n only_o this_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o the_o form_n of_o dub_a of_o knight_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n be_v not_o now_o observe_v as_o it_o have_v be_v nam_fw-la milites_fw-la tunica_fw-la suorum_fw-la armorum_fw-la &_o torque_fw-la indui_fw-la gladio_fw-la cingt_fw-fr &_o calcaribus_fw-la auratis_fw-la ornarisolebant_fw-la and_o the_o prince_n in_o the_o action_n thereof_o pronounce_v these_o word_n soyez_fw-fr loyal_a chlr._n en_fw-fr nom_fw-fr de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr &_o s._n george_n miles_n dicitur_fw-la quasi_fw-la unus_fw-la electus_fw-la ex_fw-la mille_fw-la olim_fw-la inter_fw-la romanos_fw-la mille_fw-la homines_fw-la strenui_fw-la &_o maximè_fw-la bellicosi_fw-la electiinter_n caeteros_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la &_o quilibet_fw-la eorum_fw-la dictus_fw-la fuit_fw-la mile_n quasi_fw-la unus_fw-la ex_fw-la mille_fw-la chap._n 14._o of_o esquier_n a_o esquire_n or_o escuier_n common_o call_v squire_n be_v he_o that_o be_v ancient_o call_v scutiger_n and_o to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o latin_a be_v name_v armiger_n these_o man_n as_o sir_n thomas_n smith_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr rcip_n anglorum_fw-la do_v describe_v they_o be_v gentleman_n bear_v arm_n or_o armoury_n as_o the_o french_a do_v call_v it_o in_o testimony_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o race_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v come_v esquier_n be_v take_v for_o no_o distinct_a order_n of_o the_o common_a weal_n but_o go_v with_o the_o residue_n of_o gentleman_n save_v that_o as_o he_o think_v they_o be_v those_o man_n who_o bear_v arm_n in_o sign_n as_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o race_n and_o family_n whereof_o they_o be_v descend_v in_o respect_n whereof_o they_o have_v neither_o creation_n nor_o dub_a unless_o it_o be_v such_o as_o hold_v office_n by_o the_o prince_n gift_n and_o receive_v a_o collar_n of_o ss_z or_o else_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o costrel_n or_o bearer_n of_o the_o armâ—_n of_o lord_n or_o knight_n and_o by_o that_o have_v their_o name_n for_o a_o dignity_n and_o honour_n give_v to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o common_a soldier_n call_v in_o latin_a gregarij_fw-la milites_fw-la so_o be_v every_o esquire_n a_o gentleman_n but_o every_o gentleman_n not_o a_o esquire_n unless_o he_o be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o bear_v arm_n which_o arm_n be_v give_v either_o by_o the_o prince_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o favour_n or_o a_o sign_n of_o his_o virtue_n that_o receive_v they_o or_o both_o either_o else_o by_o donation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arm_n who_o by_o the_o prince_n commandment_n or_o commission_n have_v authority_n at_o their_o discretion_n to_o bestow_v such_o honour_n with_o consent_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n somerset_z glover_n that_o learned_a herald_n make_v four_o definition_n or_o several_a sort_n of_o esquier_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n the_o first_o of_o they_o and_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o knight_n and_o elder_a son_n of_o they_o successive_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o baron_n and_o noble_a man_n of_o high_a degree_n which_o take_v end_n &_o be_v determine_v when_o the_o chief_a masle_n of_o such_o elder_a son_n do_v fail_v and_o that_o the_o inheritance_n go_v away_o with_o the_o heir_n female_n the_o three_o sort_n be_v those_o that_o by_o the_o king_n be_v create_v esquiet_v by_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o collar_n of_o ss_z and_o such_o bear_a arm_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o that_o coat_n armour_n and_o of_o their_o whole_a race_n out_o of_o who_o family_n although_o diverse_a other_o house_n do_v spring_n and_o issue_n yet_o the_o elder_a of_o that_o coat_n armour_n only_o be_v a_o esquire_n and_o the_o residue_n be_v but_o gentleman_n the_o four_o and_o last_o sort_n of_o esquier_n be_v such_o as_o bearing_z office_n in_o the_o common_a weal_n or_o in_o the_o king_n house_n be_v therefore_o call_v and_o repute_v to_o be_v esquier_n as_o the_o sergeant_n at_o the_o law_n the_o escheator_n in_o every_o shire_n and_o in_o the_o king_n house_n the_o sergeant_n of_o every_o office_n but_o have_v no_o arm_n that_o degree_n die_v with_o they_o and_o their_o issue_n be_v not_o ennoble_v thereby_o mounsieur_fw-fr p._n pithou_n in_o his_o memory_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o champagne_n and_o brie_n say_v further_a that_o among_o the_o fiefe_n of_o normandy_n the_o fiefe_n call_v fiefe_n de_fw-fr haubert_n be_v that_o which_o in_o latin_a be_v feuda_n loricae_fw-la or_o feuda_n scutiferorum_fw-la the_o very_a original_n of_o the_o name_n of_o our_o esquier_n come_v of_o the_o arm_n and_o service_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o knight_n for_o they_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o a_o knight_n by_o scutage_n as_o a_o knight_n hold_v his_o land_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o such_o fiefe_n be_v call_v vray_n vassaulx_n be_v bind_v always_o to_o serve_v their_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o fiefe_n without_o pay_v there_o be_v also_o in_o england_n other_o sort_n of_o esquier_n which_o courtesy_n and_o custom_n have_v make_v among_o which_o they_o be_v repute_v esquier_n that_o be_v able_a at_o the_o muster_n to_o present_v a_o lance_n or_o light_a horse_n for_o the_o prince_n service_n not_o unlike_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n where_o all_o freehoulder_n be_v call_v cavaliero_n that_o do_v keep_v horse_n for_o the_o king_n impolyment_n chap._n 15._o of_o gentleman_n gentleman_n be_v they_o who_o in_o the_o greek_a be_v call_v eugeneis_n in_o latin_a nobiles_fw-la or_o ingenui_fw-la in_o the_o french_a noble_n in_o the_o english_a gentleman_n gens_n in_o latin_a betoken_v a_o race_n a_o surname_n or_o family_n as_o the_o roman_n have_v traquinij_fw-la valerij_fw-la quintij_fw-la claudij_fw-la cincinnati_n fabius_n cossi_n and_o such_o like_a so_o have_v we_o in_o england_n certain_a name_n which_o for_o their_o continuance_n in_o reputation_n virtue_n and_o riches_n may_v be_v in_o latin_a call_v agnati_fw-la or_o gentiles_n that_o be_v man_n know_v or_o gentleman_n of_o this_o or_o that_o name_n and_o family_n but_o let_v we_o consider_v how_o this_o nobility_n be_v define_v and_o by_o how_o many_o mean_n man_n do_v thereunto_o aspire_v judocus_n clicthovius_fw-la define_v nobility_n thus_o nobilitas_fw-la est_fw-la generis_fw-la velalterius_fw-la rei_fw-la excellentia_fw-la ac_fw-la dignitas_fw-la tract_n nobil_n cap._n 1._o nobility_n be_v the_o excellency_n of_o gentle_a race_n or_o of_o some_o other_o good_a quality_n and_o bartholus_fw-la discourse_v long_o whether_o nobility_n and_o dignity_n be_v but_o one_o conclude_v they_o be_v not_o yet_o say_v he_o the_o one_o resemble_v the_o other_o lib._n 1._o cap._n de_fw-fr dig._n add_v that_o as_o he_o to_o who_o god_n have_v vouchsafe_v his_o grace_n be_v before_o his_o divine_a majesty_n noble_a so_o before_o man_n who_o so_o be_v favour_v by_o his_o prince_n or_o the_o law_n ought_v be_v receive_v for_o noble_a this_o nobility_n therefore_o be_v thus_o define_v nobilitas_fw-la est_fw-la qualitas_fw-la illata_fw-la per_fw-la principatum_fw-la tenentem_fw-la qua_fw-la quis_fw-la ultra_fw-la acceptos_fw-la plebeios_fw-la honestus_fw-la ostenditur_fw-la nobility_n be_v a_o title_n bestow_v by_o he_o that_o hold_v place_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o make_v he_o that_o receive_v it_o to_o be_v of_o better_a reputation_n than_o other_o man_n of_o nobility_n or_o as_o we_o call_v it_o gentility_n diverse_a division_n by_o diverse_a man_n have_v be_v bartholus_fw-la say_v that_o of_o nobility_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n viz._n