name_v st._n john_n and_o st._n mark_n 4._o cracovia_n in_o lesser_n poland_n once_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a_o wealthy_a and_o well-peopled_n city_n site_v likewise_o upon_o the_o weysel_n in_o it_o be_v remarkable_a a_o academy_n of_o great_a renown_n found_v by_o king_n casimir_n the_o first_o and_o supply_v at_o first_o with_o professor_n from_o the_o sorbonne_n of_o paris_n 2._o the_o castle_n build_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o a_o great_a compass_n and_o of_o great_a state_n and_o magnificence_n although_o outward_o it_o appear_v rough_a and_o disproportion_v the_o cathedral_n be_v enclose_v within_o it_o this_o city_n by_o way_n of_o excellence_n be_v call_v the_o rome_n of_o poland_n and_o its_o university_n the_o daughter_n of_o that_o at_o paris_n the_o city_n of_o casimir_n be_v build_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n and_o will_v hardly_o forget_v the_o swedish_n arms._n the_o jew_n city_n which_o be_v neighbour_n to_o it_o may_v for_o honour_n sake_n be_v call_v the_o principal_a and_o first_o street_n of_o hell_n it_o be_v so_o filthy_a etc._n etc._n not_o to_o mention_v vilna_n in_o lithuania_n and_o koningburgh_n in_o prussia_n both_o university_n dantzick_n and_o cracow_n make_v up_o four_o in_o this_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o other_o town_n as_o grandentz_n newamburg_n culmen_fw-la and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v mere_a name_n of_o city_n and_o nothing_o else_o pauperum_fw-la tabernae_n quatuor_fw-la aut_fw-la septem_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la latissima_fw-la villa_n seven_o or_o eight_o house_n make_v a_o large_a town_n as_o to_o the_o people_n and_o their_o manner_n the_o gentleman_n be_v extraordinary_a large_a and_o strong_a of_o body_n and_o will_v skilful_o manage_v a_o shabel_n or_o scymiter_n be_v well_o skilled_a in_o foreign_a language_n be_v liberal_a giver_n good_a cavalier_n and_o good_a catholic_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o medal_n they_o be_v much_o brutal_n superstitious_a fierce_a and_o proud_a and_o sacrifice_n to_o their_o own_o approbation_n of_o thing_n and_o acknowledge_v no_o sovereign_n but_o their_o liberty_n from_o whence_o have_v proceed_v those_o mischief_n which_o they_o have_v often_o suffer_v more_o mediate_o from_o the_o tartar_n and_o muscovite_n and_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n bring_v they_o to_o the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o extremity_n follow_v with_o no_o more_o than_o 40._o thousand_o man_n when_o as_o the_o pole_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v a_o 100000._o horse_n into_o the_o field_n this_o happen_v by_o that_o small_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o be_v allow_v the_o king_n and_o that_o little_a good_a intelligence_n that_o be_v maintain_v between_o their_o general_n and_o the_o division_n and_o revolt_n of_o their_o troop_n a_o apprentice_n a_o novice_n will_v be_v think_v a_o master_n and_o a_o simple_a gentleman_n who_o never_o see_v a_o battle_n prerogative_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n chief_a prerogative_n but_o in_o picture_n will_v not_o want_v of_o confidence_n and_o presumption_n to_o believe_v of_o himself_o because_o he_o be_v bear_v a_o gentleman_n that_o he_o be_v able_a at_o the_o first_o essay_n to_o manage_v and_o conduct_v the_o force_n of_o a_o empire_n and_o in_o effect_n private_a gentleman_n be_v so_o frequent_o raise_v to_o place_n of_o the_o great_a office_n and_o command_n which_o be_v the_o fair_a flower_n of_o this_o king_n prerogative_n and_o be_v legal_o vest_v in_o he_o as_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n that_o every_o man_n think_v himself_o of_o merit_n and_o capacity_n enough_o for_o the_o great_a employment_n beside_o they_o hold_v themselves_o all_o equal_a in_o blood_n and_o have_v the_o same_o voice_n in_o their_o diet_n and_o assembly_n the_o same_o privilege_n right_n and_o franchise_n their_o riches_n only_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o the_o other_o these_o gentleman_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n which_o they_o do_v general_o on_o horseback_n gallant_o furnish_v and_o attire_v in_o cassock_n and_o garnish_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o variety_n of_o other_o colour_n they_o also_o adorn_v themselves_o with_o eagle_n plume_n the_o skin_n of_o leopard_n and_o bear_n with_o many_o banner_n and_o particoloured_a ensign_n which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n and_o strike_v terror_n but_o sometime_o covetous_a desire_n into_o their_o enemy_n and_o most_o a_o end_n they_o carry_v like_o the_o philosopher_n all_o they_o have_v about_o they_o it_o be_v reckon_v that_o poland_n after_o this_o manner_n can_v raise_v a_o 100_o lithuania_n 70._o thousand_o horse_n but_o not_o so_o good_a as_o the_o pole_n who_o best_o be_v very_o small_a yet_o nimble_a and_o far_o more_o courageous_a than_o the_o dutch._n in_o this_o cavalry_n consist_v of_o gentleman_n and_o their_o servant_n with_o their_o auxiliary_n as_o the_o circassion_n the_o cossack_n they_o be_v so_o confident_a that_o they_o slight_v all_o fortification_n unless_o frontier_n and_o for_o the_o country_n be_v all_o champion_n be_v most_o and_o only_o fit_a for_o that_o service_n the_o foot_n they_o have_v be_v borrow_v of_o the_o hungarian_n and_o german_n and_o for_o camp_n drudgery_n as_o pioner_n etc._n etc._n they_o use_v tartar_n their_o slave_n of_o priest_n there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o this_o country_n and_o they_o hold_v in_o good_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n of_o merchant_n there_o be_v very_o few_o scarce_o worth_a mention_v but_o of_o all_o man_n the_o boor_n and_o peasant_n be_v the_o most_o miserable_a for_o they_o possess_v nor_o enjoy_v a_o farthing_n and_o be_v mere_a vassal_n to_o their_o lord_n which_o treat_v and_o use_v they_o with_o all_o the_o rigour_n and_o tyranny_n in_o the_o world_n a_o gentleman_n in_o a_o slight_a matter_n among_o his_o domestics_n and_o clown_n have_v and_o do_v exercise_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o government_n represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o monarchy_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o medium_n betwixt_o both_o or_o both_o together_o it_o be_v monarchical_a in_o that_o it_o acknowledge_v one_o supremacy_n and_o king_n it_o be_v aristocratical_a because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o absolute_a prince_n to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o because_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v also_o the_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n do_v elect_a he_o they_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o statute_n nor_o form_n of_o government_n write_v but_o it_o be_v all_o by_o tradition_n as_o by_o mere_a custom_n from_o the_o death_n of_o one_o prince_n to_o the_o election_n of_o another_o the_o supreme_a authority_n reside_v in_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gesne_n who_o be_v always_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n appoint_v the_o diet_n rule_v the_o senate_n and_o proclaim_v the_o new_a elect_v king_n before_o king_n stephen_n time_n who_o erect_v new_a bishop_n palatine_n and_o castellanes_n in_o livonia_n there_o be_v but_o 14._o bishop_n 28._o palatine_n and_o 70._o of_o the_o chief_a castellane_n that_o have_v voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n who_o be_v rector_n senatus_n sed_fw-la regnantis_fw-la ruler_n of_o a_o reign_a senate_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o comport_v with_o they_o in_o these_o thing_n follow_v in_o any_o affair_n of_o importance_n the_o king_n by_o his_o chancellor_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n which_o be_v call_v instruction_n be_v literae_fw-la letter_n of_o instruction_n because_o they_o contain_v the_o account_n of_o that_o business_n which_o his_o majesty_n will_v propose_v to_o they_o at_o the_o diet_n and_o therein_o appoint_v they_o the_o time_n of_o their_o meeting_n these_o letter_n be_v receive_v every_o senator_n examine_v the_o particular_a quality_n nature_n and_o consequence_n of_o the_o proposition_n to_o which_o he_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o answer_v negative_o or_o affirmative_o and_o as_o he_o judge_v best_o either_o for_o the_o public_a good_a or_o his_o particular_a advantage_n the_o king_n also_o send_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o respective_a palatinate_n the_o nobility_n whereof_o present_o assemble_v together_o to_o choose_v a_o nuncio_n as_o they_o call_v it_o that_o be_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o sufficiency_n to_o be_v their_o speaker_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o palatinate_n be_v to_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o universal_a consent_n and_o accommodation_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o any_o single_a gentleman_n shall_v dissent_v from_o what_o this_o assembly_n have_v conclude_v there_o be_v no_o further_o proceed_v to_o be_v have_v the_o nuncio_n must_v not_o depart_v to_o the_o diet_n nor_o that_o province_n have_v any_o voice_n or_o interest_n among_o the_o state_n general_n when_o the_o provincial_a assembly_n be_v finish_v by_o the_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n the_o senator_n and_o the_o nunioes_n come_v
populous_a but_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o say_v two_o hanse_n town_n and_o the_o danish_a part_n retrench_v the_o estimate_n of_o its_o force_n it_o be_v overrun_v by_o the_o swede_n in_o 1643._o during_o the_o residence_n of_o this_o king_n frederick_n the_o three_o as_o duke_z thereof_o to_o the_o great_a surprisal_n of_o old_a king_n christiern_n yet_o he_o so_o notable_o bestir_v himself_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o emperor_n both_o against_o they_o and_o the_o dutch_a at_o sea_n and_o land_n that_o he_o bring_v the_o business_n to_o some_o advantage_n on_o his_o side_n have_v not_o the_o french_a king_n interpose_v his_o authority_n in_o the_o very_a nick_n of_o a_o decision_n of_o it_o by_o battle_n and_o do_v the_o swede_n a_o notable_a kindness_n since_o when_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o this_o present_a duke_n who_o be_v a_o lineal_a descendant_n of_o john_n the_o young_a son_n of_o christiern_n the_o 3d._a king_n of_o denmark_n it_o have_v suffer_v in_o that_o war_n from_o the_o dane_n and_o his_o confaederates_n what_o it_o have_v former_o undergo_v by_o the_o swede_n who_o to_o show_v his_o affection_n to_o his_o father-in-law_n have_v procure_v he_o some_o concession_n and_o assignment_n by_o the_o roschild_n treaty_n which_o be_v afterward_o violate_v by_o the_o swede_n this_o country_n pay_v for_o the_o swede_n undue_a courtesy_n by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o the_o emperor_n notwithstanding_o in_o the_o last_o treaty_n in_o the_o leaguer_n before_o copenhagen_n it_o retain_v thus_o much_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o swabstadt_n together_o with_o half_a the_o chapter_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o sleswick_n lie_v in_o north_n jutland_o together_o with_o the_o sovereignty_n thereof_o be_v assign_v and_o pass_v over_o to_o this_o duke_n for_o ever_o so_o that_o this_o duke_n interest_n be_v at_o present_a bind_v up_o in_o that_o of_o sweden_n have_v countermarch_v its_o ground_n be_v former_o more_o strict_o tie_v to_o the_o dane_n but_o we_o see_v what_o fate_n and_o revolution_n can_v do_v as_o to_o the_o turk_n be_v he_o be_v exempt_a from_o the_o decree_n and_o injunction_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v he_o will_v put_v himself_o forward_o for_o that_o he_o be_v none_o of_o the_o wealthy_a prince_n have_v not_o one_o farthing_n of_o custom_n by_o sea_n but_o only_o his_o toll_n for_o the_o 50000._o ox_n above_o mention_v and_o some_o patrimonial_a land_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n we_o be_v now_o oblige_v to_o pass_v to_o oldenburg_n because_o it_o have_v former_o the_o same_o dependency_n and_o aspect_n to_o denmark_n but_o because_o i_o will_v not_o trespass_v too_o far_o upon_o germany_n we_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o its_o place_n there_o and_o so_o we_o pass_v by_o sea_n to_o holland_n and_o the_o seven_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o netherlands_o or_o the_o 7._o unite_a province_n of_o holland_n etc._n etc._n these_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n and_o west_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n with_o part_n of_o germany_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o flanders_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v once_o under_o several_a lord_n and_o state-holders_n who_o by_o the_o power_n and_o their_o interest_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n make_v themselves_o absolute_a from_o who_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o heir_n general_n they_o devolve_v at_o last_o into_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n who_o daughter_n convey_v they_o to_o maximilian_n archduke_n of_o austria_n by_o his_o grandson_n charles_n the_o 5_o they_o be_v design_v to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o other_o ten_o province_n one_o entire_a kingdom_n but_o the_o discrepancy_n of_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o the_o irreconcilable_a contrariety_n thereof_o make_v he_o give_v over_o that_o resolution_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1567._o at_o what_o time_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n rage_v against_o all_o these_o province_n they_o shake_v off_o the_o spanish_a yoke_n and_o the_o government_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o son_n of_o charles_n the_o 5_o the_o who_o settle_v himself_o in_o his_o realm_n of_o spain_n intend_v to_o govern_v they_o by_o a_o statholder_n that_o discontent_n together_o with_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o former_a oppression_n the_o insolence_n of_o their_o present_a governor_n the_o contempt_n of_o their_o law_n and_o privilege_n together_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n the_o revive_a edict_n of_o the_o say_v charles_n against_o haeretique_n and_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o inquisition_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o hate_a administration_n of_o perennot_n the_o cardinal_n of_o granvelle_n the_o death_n of_o the_o count_n of_o egmond_n and_o horn_n and_o the_o ten_o and_o hundred_o penny_n tax_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n and_o his_o cruelty_n thereafter_o so_o animate_v these_o people_n that_o they_o enter_v into_o a_o confaederacy_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o william_n prince_n of_o orange_n count_n of_o nassau_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1581._o by_o a_o public_a instrument_n declare_v the_o say_a king_n to_o have_v rightful_o fall_v from_o the_o dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o province_n then_o unite_v under_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o reform_a religion_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o yet_o nor_o be_v ever_o like_a to_o be_v a_o entire_a commonwealth_n while_o each_o retain_v its_o sovereignty_n distinct_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o new_a module_n of_o a_o republic_n without_o any_o pattern_n viz._n guelderland_n holland_n freizland_n zealand_n zutphen_n the_o bishopric_n of_o utrecht_n and_o groeningen_n now_o the_o cement_n and_o principle_n of_o these_o confaederate_a state_n and_o the_o contract_n by_o which_o they_o be_v combine_a together_o and_o by_o which_o they_o have_v so_o glorious_o subsist_v come_v next_o under_o a_o brief_a consideration_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v continue_v inseparable_o unite_v nor_o shall_v act_v distinct_o in_o the_o common_a affair_n 2._o the_o right_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n etc._n etc._n of_o each_o particular_a province_n shall_v be_v continue_v inviolate_a 3._o they_o shall_v strennuous_o assist_v one_o another_o and_o if_o any_o difference_n arise_v between_o two_o place_n they_o shall_v submit_v to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o justice_n and_o shall_v attempt_v nothing_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o one_o another_o 4._o they_o shall_v mutual_o aid_v and_o defend_v one_o another_o against_o the_o arm_n of_o spain_n and_o shall_v sympathize_v with_o one_o another_o loss_n 5._o the_o new_a fortress_n shall_v be_v make_v at_o the_o common_a charge_n but_o the_o frontier_n at_o the_o particular_a charge_n of_o each_o province_n 6._o peace_n war_n or_o truce_n not_o to_o be_v make_v without_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n and_o people_n 7._o liberty_n of_o conscience_n shall_v be_v allow_v 8._o all_o care_n shall_v be_v use_v by_o each_o particular_a province_n and_o all_o of_o they_o in_o general_a that_o they_o give_v no_o cause_n of_o quarrel_n or_o offence_n whereby_o they_o shall_v become_v engage_v in_o any_o other_o war_n than_o that_o of_o spain_n these_o be_v the_o original_n of_o this_o republic_n and_o the_o fundamental_a law_n thereof_o we_o will_v now_o see_v the_o practice_n and_o execution_n of_o they_o in_o the_o administration_n and_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o government_n 1._o every_o city_n of_o these_o unite_a province_n acknowledge_v its_o particular_a magistrate_n the_o provincial_a magistrate_n and_o the_o college_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o states-general_n by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n be_v understand_v the_o counsellor_n who_o total_a number_n be_v forty_o which_o be_v pay_v for_o their_o service_n and_o hold_v their_o place_n for_o life_n because_o they_o may_v act_v free_o without_o those_o resentment_n of_o a_o future_a private_a condition_n these_o deliberate_a of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o province_n and_o inspect_n and_o choose_v all_o other_o magistrate_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o people_n servant_n as_o they_o will_v sometime_o taunt_v they_o the_o burgo-master_n and_o sheriff_n together_o with_o a_o bailie_n who_o judge_v absolute_o in_o criminal_a cause_n but_o he_o hold_v his_o place_n not_o long_o than_o durante_fw-la placito_fw-la of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o city_n the_o provincial_a magistracy_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o counsellor_n of_o every_o city_n of_o the_o province_n who_o office_n be_v to_o conserve_v its_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n to_o this_o court_n there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n from_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o sheriff_n court_n the_o college_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o lord_n state_n general_n be_v constitute_v of_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o provincial_a council_n these_o make_v the_o alliance_n and_o treaty_n or_o
themselves_o 2._o layman_n out_o of_o the_o people_n to_o be_v join_v unto_o every_o minister_n and_o these_o be_v call_v elder_n the_o minister_n to_o continue_v for_o term_v of_o life_n in_o this_o power_n but_o the_o elder_n to_o be_v choose_v every_o year_n which_o be_v very_o grateful_a to_o the_o burgher_n who_o hope_v each_o of_o they_o to_o come_v to_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a authority_n these_o together_o with_o other_o parish_n elder_n be_v meet_v together_o to_o be_v call_v the_o presbytery_n and_o to_o have_v power_n of_o ordination_n excommunication_n and_o absolution_n and_o whatever_o else_o be_v do_v by_o their_o bishop_n in_o time_n before_o who_o he_o make_v the_o genevois_n utter_o to_o abjure_v and_o to_o receve_v this_o platform_n as_o send_v from_o heaven_n but_o nevertheless_o the_o people_n do_v not_o long_o like_o it_o but_o calvin_n by_o his_o authority_n and_o the_o awe_n of_o the_o canton_n of_o zurich_n keep_v it_o rigid_o up_o 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the_o only_a snayl_n in_o europe_n they_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o canton_n of_o bearn_n but_o it_o be_v for_o their_o security_n switzerland_n in_o our_o passage_n from_o geneva_n to_o the_o swisser_n lie_v a_o country_n call_v wallisland_n govern_v by_o a_o catholic_n bishop_n and_o league_v with_o the_o 7._o catholic_n canton_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o 7._o resort_n and_o 2._o district_n or_o province_n the_o low_a and_o the_o upper_a they_o lie_v include_v betwixt_o mountain_n out_o of_o which_o they_o seldom_o issue_n and_o therefore_o we_o bid_v adieu_o to_o they_o and_o make_v way_n to_o their_o neighbour_n switzerland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o mount_n jour_fw-fr and_o lake_n leman_n on_o the_o north_n with_o swevia_n in_o germany_n on_o the_o south_n with_o wallisland_n and_o the_o alps_o and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o grison_n and_o part_n of_o tirol_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v report_v to_o stand_v upon_o the_o high_a ground_n in_o christendom_n yet_o have_v it_o plenty_n of_o river_n which_o it_o dispense_v in_o the_o great_a channel_n through_o the_o mighty_a province_n of_o europe_n it_o have_v many_o lake_n and_o abundance_n of_o fresh_a and_o excellent_a good_a fish_n by_o which_o lake_n and_o river_n there_o be_v good_a passage_n and_o conveyance_n there_o be_v also_o meadow_n as_o pleasant_a and_o as_o eminent_a for_o their_o fertility_n as_o their_o mountain_n be_v prominent_a rough_a and_o sterile_a the_o whole_a country_n contain_v in_o length_n 240._o miles_n and_o in_o breadth_n 180._o the_o people_n rude_a and_o military_a as_o all_o mountainer_n use_v to_o be_v they_o be_v once_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n as_o earls_z of_o halspurg_n the_o castle_n whereof_o be_v stand_v in_o this_o country_n which_o give_v original_a and_o title_n to_o that_o family_n but_o rise_v for_o their_o liberty_n provoke_v by_o the_o rape_n of_o one_o of_o their_o daughter_n they_o by_o 2._o terrible_a 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themselves_o in_o this_o manner_n from_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n make_v they_o notable_a in_o the_o world_n which_o they_o be_v not_o since_o julius_n caesar_n but_o their_o defeat_n and_o slaughter_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o their_o renew_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n against_o the_o french_a make_v they_o terrible_a and_o famous_a until_o find_v their_o own_o strength_n they_o begin_v to_o play_v fast_o and_o loose_a with_o their_o confederate_n and_o to_o become_v open_a mercenary_n lose_v milan_n which_o they_o have_v preserve_v and_o serve_v the_o french_a and_o spanish_a king_n the_o venetian_a and_o other_o at_o the_o same_o time_n under_o certain_a secret_a pension_n which_o the_o chief_a counselor_n do_v receive_v at_o this_o day_n so_o that_o all_o the_o honour_n that_o be_v leave_v they_o which_o they_o may_v have_v blazon_v by_o many_o conquest_n upon_o their_o neighbour_n be_v borrow_v from_o their_o attendance_n as_o guard_n to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o sedan-man_n or_o some_o such_o office_n about_o the_o pope_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v to_o be_v confess_v that_o they_o be_v very_o good_a infantry_n and_o will_v stand_v a_o shock_n firm_a and_o in_o good_a order_n which_o be_v a_o main_a security_n to_o the_o french_a foot_n that_o can_v hardly_o endure_v a_o easy_a impression_n their_o government_n at_o home_n be_v divide_v into_o 3._o member_n 1._o the_o 13._o canton_n be_v 7._o roman_n and_o 6._o protestant_n 2._o the_o state_n and_o city_n confederate_a as_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n gall_n multiuse_n a_o free_a city_n etc._n etc._n and_o last_o the_o praefecture_n or_o several_a lordship_n and_o town_n which_o they_o possess_v in_o the_o alps_o in_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v a_o distinct_a part_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o canton_n and_o obey_v their_o decree_n without_o any_o vote_n in_o their_o council_n as_o subject_n and_o of_o these_o town_n and_o lordship_n they_o have_v some_o number_n which_o yield_v the_o best_a of_o their_o revenue_n the_o regiment_n or_o magistracy_n be_v altogether_o popular_a and_o consist_v in_o a_o great_a council_n summon_v upon_o any_o great_a and_o emergent_a occasion_n and_o yet_o the_o particular_a city_n and_o resort_n or_o hundred_o in_o number_n 148._o be_v govern_v by_o one_o officer_n so_o have_v every_o canton_n a_o supreme_a mastistrate_n call_v the_o ungman_n or_o single_a person_n who_o be_v assist_v with_o a_o council_n in_o case_n of_o importance_n the_o diet_n be_v hold_v common_o at_o baden_n for_o the_o beauty_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o place_n where_o all_o thing_n concern_v peace_n and_o war_n embassy_n league_n and_o the_o like_a be_v always_o determine_v their_o revenue_n be_v very_o inconsiderable_a for_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o stranger_n they_o have_v no_o custom_n nor_o have_v they_o any_o manufacture_n cutlery_n be_v a_o great_a trade_n what_o they_o raise_v be_v by_o impost_n upon_o wine_n and_o those_o tax_n lay_v upon_o their_o prefecture_n who_o yet_o they_o use_v very_o tender_o beside_o the_o yearly_a pension_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o public_a treasury_n save_o what_o come_v private_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o grandee_n and_o those_o that_o manage_v the_o state_n one_o of_o the_o great_a blemish_n and_o prejudices_fw-la to_o their_o state_n but_o as_o it_o be_v no_o shame_n to_o be_v mercenary_a in_o the_o field_n so_o it_o be_v no_o blame_n to_o be_v a_o mercenary_a in_o council_n as_o to_o their_o force_n it_o far_o exc_v their_o revenue_n for_o upon_o occasion_n they_o can_v bring_v 30._o thousand_o foot_n into_o the_o field_n beside_o what_o the_o confederate_a city_n will_v add_v thereunto_o as_o for_o horse_n they_o be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o those_o hilly_a country_n nor_o
holland_n business_n about_o the_o eyler_n sconce_n nor_o will_v the_o count_n of_o oldenburg_n be_v suffer_v to_o be_v at_o quiet_a if_o it_o come_v once_o to_o arm_n and_o party_n however_o their_o interest_n be_v to_o live_v at_o peace_n and_o good_a correspondence_n with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o best_a security_n to_o small_a estate_n but_o there_o be_v some_o old_a grudge_n which_o this_o juncture_n will_v give_v vent_n to_o and_o so_o we_o leave_v they_o and_o pass_v to_o westphalia_n this_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o duchy_n of_o holstein_n westphalia_n 2._o westphalia_n and_o the_o river_n elb_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o hassia_n etc._n etc._n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o colen_n cleveland_n overryssel_n and_o the_o two_o freisland_n the_o country_n be_v in_o most_o place_n full_a of_o wood_n which_o bear_v plenty_n of_o acorn_n and_o nourish_v many_o herd_n of_o swine_n which_o make_v bacon_n of_o excellent_a relish_n and_o tenderness_n and_o in_o other_o place_n as_o plentiful_a of_o corn._n in_o this_o province_n stand_v the_o city_n and_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n infamous_a for_o the_o story_n of_o john_n of_o leyden_n and_o as_o famous_a for_o the_o late_a treaty_n and_o general_a pacification_n in_o 1648._o since_o which_o time_n this_o city_n have_v have_v some_o dispute_n with_o their_o bishop_n but_o now_o compose_v to_o a_o good_a understanding_n by_o the_o powerful_a interest_n of_o the_o hollander_n who_o espouse_v the_o city_n quarrel_n 2._o minden_n once_o a_o bishopric_n now_o settle_v upon_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n with_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n in_o lieu_n of_o what_o the_o swede_n have_v of_o his_o by_o the_o same_o treaty_n he_o have_v likewise_o here_o a_o secular_a town_n and_o county_n of_o ravensberg_n in_o right_a of_o his_o part-inheritance_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleve_n here_o be_v also_o the_o bishopric_n of_o osnal_v the_o alternate_a succession_n to_o the_o profit_n whereof_o be_v give_v by_o the_o munster_n treaty_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswick_n for_o his_o session_n of_o his_o bishopric_n of_o halberstadt_n not_o to_o omit_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o aremberg_n with_o the_o ample_a and_o goodly_a patrimony_n thereof_o which_o give_v title_n to_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o count_n of_o aremberg_n eminent_a for_o their_o service_n do_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o low_a country_n where_o as_o his_o subject_n they_o have_v other_o estate_n last_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n which_o be_v the_o second_o division_n of_o westphalia_n former_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o diocesan_n but_o of_o modern_a time_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n son_n enjoy_v the_o title_n with_o the_o protection_n of_o it_o till_o by_o the_o late_a treaty_n at_o munster_n it_o be_v assign_v together_o with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o verde_n to_o the_o swede_n with_o condition_n that_o the_o city_n and_o territory_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n who_o with_o much_o ado_n have_v possession_n deliver_v to_o his_o general_n count_n coningsmarck_n it_o be_v a_o rich_a and_o fair_a city_n and_o much_o traffic_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o weser_n which_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o elb_n and_o so_o joint_o into_o the_o german_a ocean_n in_o this_o bishopric_n stand_v the_o city_n of_o stoad_n famous_a once_o and_o make_v for_o ever_o by_o the_o english_a staple_n upon_o some_o discontent_n remove_v some_o time_n ago_o hither_o from_o hamburgh_n there_o be_v other_o petty_a state_n and_o earldom_n herein_o which_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n acknowledge_v the_o emperor_n but_o it_o be_v more_o in_o show_n than_o effect_n although_o they_o be_v scare_v to_o some_o real_a performance_n by_o the_o emperor_n success_n in_o these_o part_n in_o 1627._o when_o he_o overcome_v the_o dane_n the_o title_n hereof_o as_o ducal_z be_v use_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o colen_n and_o the_o house_n of_o saxon_n lunenburg_n but_o with_o the_o same_o profit_v thence_o as_o the_o emperor_n receive_v notwithstanding_o in_o this_o press_a condition_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o all_o general_a tax_n they_o pay_v their_o proportion_n as_o a_o circuit_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o we_o pass_v westward_o to_o another_o border_n of_o the_o empire_n cleve_n 3._o cleve_n viz._n the_o duchy_n of_o cleveland_n consist_v while_o it_o be_v the_o entire_a patrimony_n of_o those_o duke_n of_o four_o member_n 1._o cleve_n 2._o gulick_n 3._o berg_n or_o mont_n 4._o marck_n the_o two_o last_o divide_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o rhine_n and_o several_o join_v some_o two_o century_n ago_o to_o one_o another_o in_o the_o family_n of_o cleve_n the_o last_o duke_n whereof_o john_n william_n die_v in_o 1610._o without_o issue_n this_o ample_a and_o princely_a estate_n the_o main_a whereof_o have_v continue_v 900._o year_n in_o this_o family_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v after_o mature_a consideration_n of_o the_o evil_a of_o a_o war_n equal_o between_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o wolfgang_n duke_n of_o newburg_n a_o young_a descendant_n of_o the_o house_n palatine_n who_o father_n have_v marry_v the_o sister_n of_o the_o decease_a duke_n but_o brandenburg_n the_o elder_a it_o be_v first_o agree_v between_o these_o two_o prince_n to_o govern_v the_o estate_n joint_o but_o afterward_o they_o fall_v out_o by_o be_v too_o familiar_a insomuch_o that_o the_o brandenburger_n at_o a_o treatment_n make_v by_o he_o give_v the_o other_o a_o box_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o unseemly_a injury_n cause_v the_o palatine_a of_o newburg_n to_o call_v in_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o other_o the_o state_n general_n of_o which_o story_n read_v more_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o rohans_n observation_n upon_o this_o subject_n both_o the_o partition_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o proportionable_a supply_n adjoin_v to_o this_o country_n be_v the_o three_o electoral_a archbishoprics_a colen_n 4._o colen_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v that_o of_o colen_n a_o fair_a and_o goodly_a country_n bound_v every_o way_n upon_o some_o part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleve_n but_o on_o the_o south_n limit_v by_o the_o land_n of_o trier_n the_o present_a elector_n be_v the_o uncle_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o considerable_a in_o his_o interest_n as_o to_o the_o catholic_n cause_n be_v also_o prince_n and_o pastor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o liege_n the_o government_n whereof_o reside_v in_o he_o and_o the_o canon_n of_o that_o cathedral_n who_o by_o right_o elect_v their_o prince_n or_o protector_n as_o aforesaid_a this_o archbishop_n be_v chancellor_n of_o italy_n and_o second_o in_o dignity_n to_o this_o succeed_v the_o archbishopric_a of_o trier_n trier_n trier_n who_o bishop_n be_v the_o chancellor_n of_o france_n for_o the_o emperor_n this_o country_n lie_v all_o along_o south_n the_o moselle_n on_o the_o east_n lie_v luxemburg_n on_o the_o west_n franconia_n it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a but_o not_o a_o fruitful_a country_n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n mentz_n mentz_n although_o last_o mention_v be_v first_o in_o dignity_n as_o be_v chancellor_n of_o the_o sacred_a empire_n his_o jurisdiction_n like_o some_o of_o our_o diocese_n lie_v disperse_v in_o several_a country_n so_o that_o his_o temporal_a estate_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n less_o than_o the_o other_o two_o nor_o have_v any_o of_o they_o enjoy_v such_o secular_a advantage_n of_o dominion_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o that_o the_o empire_n be_v make_v elective_a and_o they_o set_v their_o price_n often_o upon_o the_o market_n beside_o there_o have_v happen_v a_o dissolution_n of_o many_o great_a estate_n out_o of_o which_o they_o have_v carve_v to_o themselves_o what_o they_o like_v with_o the_o connivance_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o under_o the_o specious_a pretence_n of_o deedand_n and_o bequest_n to_o the_o church_n the_o interest_n of_o these_o elector_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o papal_a imperial_a and_o their_o own_o authority_n of_o which_o they_o be_v equal_o jealous_a from_o the_o reform_a notwithstanding_o the_o archbishop_n of_o trier_n take_v part_n or_o be_v a_o secret_a friend_n to_o france_n in_o the_o late_a swedish_n war_n which_o make_v the_o french_a so_o hot_a upon_o the_o rescue_n of_o his_o country_n and_o so_o resolute_a in_o the_o free_n of_o it_o but_o in_o case_n of_o danger_n to_o the_o empire_n no_o question_n be_v to_o be_v make_v but_o they_o will_v unanimous_o concur_v against_o it_o and_o with_o themselves_o they_o draw_v all_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n of_o germany_n and_o be_v prone_a enough_o to_o assist_v the_o emperor_n against_o the_o turk_n the_o next_o principality_n or_o duchy_n we_o shall_v treat_v of_o be_v lorraine_n lorraine_n 5._o lorraine_n the_o duke_n whereof_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o country_n
scholar_n a_o book_n nor_o a_o letter_n into_o its_o border_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n be_v a_o wonder_n but_o that_o a_o man_n second_o thought_n inform_v he_o this_o ignorance_n contribute_v so_o much_o to_o the_o mahometan_a government_n that_o the_o banishment_n of_o learning_n be_v no_o less_o a_o part_n of_o its_o constitution_n than_o the_o forbid_v of_o wine_n since_o their_o sue_n for_o protection_n in_o hungary_n have_v almost_o ruin_v it_o since_o their_o resignation_n of_o themselves_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o several_a neighbour_n prince_n as_o the_o necessity_n and_o occasion_n of_o war_n require_v prove_v successless_a to_o themselves_o and_o fatal_a to_o those_o neighbour_n and_o since_o the_o great_a turk_n find_v the_o entire_a conquest_n of_o the_o country_n so_o difficult_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o defence_n nature_n have_v provide_v with_o its_o rock_n mountain_n and_o precipice_n cunning_o some_o 30._o year_n ago_o decline_v any_o further_a enterprise_n of_o war_n undertake_v those_o more_o subtle_a of_o peace_n whereby_o he_o manage_v the_o intestine_a division_n of_o the_o brethren_n wladus_n and_o dracula_n with_o suggestion_n and_o supply_v on_o either_o side_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o devastation_n and_o ruin_n that_o his_o own_o auxiliary_n there_o be_v able_a to_o make_v he_o acknowledge_v lord_n of_o the_o country_n under_o condition_n and_o limitation_n to_o his_o absolute_a authority_n as_o the_o nearness_n of_o a_o continual_a aid_n from_o the_o christian_a world_n adjoin_v induce_v he_o to_o thereunto_o allow_v i_o say_v the_o nearness_n of_o the_o christian_a succour_n which_o ragotzi_n have_v effectual_o raise_v to_o assist_v the_o late_a vayvod_n but_o that_o the_o fate_n of_o germany_n have_v rather_o undergo_v a_o general_a calamity_n than_o assist_v those_o particular_a undertake_n as_o if_o it_o be_v more_o eligible_a to_o have_v these_o limb_n of_o europe_n unnatural_o turn_v against_o its_o self_n than_o prudent_o strengthen_v against_o its_o most_o dreadful_a and_o irreconcilable_a adversary_n who_o i_o be_o confident_a must_v quit_v his_o hold_n here_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o please_v god_n to_o recover_v the_o ancient_a and_o lively_a impression_n of_o christianity_n which_o if_o not_o deface_v will_v ennoble_v its_o professor_n with_o thought_n above_o their_o present_a condition_n especial_o if_o some_o more_o civil_a people_n be_v invite_v thither_o by_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n which_o they_o will_v not_o yet_o discover_v to_o secure_a golatz_n on_o the_o pruth_n and_o danube_n surprise_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o pralaiba_n the_o inlet_n into_o this_o coast_n and_o furnish_v zorza_n re-incompassed_n by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o danube_n in_o which_o when_o sigismond_n of_o transylvania_n take_v he_o find_v 39_o great_a ordinance_n with_o arm_n and_o ammunition_n enough_o to_o furnish_v a_o kingdom_n only_o the_o mischief_n of_o it_o be_v rascia_fw-la which_o be_v their_o neighbour_n country_n on_o the_o east_n as_o it_o be_v the_o hungarian_n on_o the_o west_n the_o transylvanian_n on_o the_o north_n and_o the_o danube_n on_o the_o south_n which_o indeed_o with_o thames_n coast_v it_o on_o three_o side_n be_v make_v so_o desperate_a by_o the_o oppression_n of_o servia_n first_o and_o since_o by_o the_o desolation_n of_o turkey_n that_o they_o care_v not_o what_o they_o attempt_v upon_o this_o place_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o master_n the_o grand_a signior_n under_o who_o they_o be_v in_o better_a case_n in_o time_n of_o war_n than_o in_o those_o of_o peace_n the_o people_n hereof_o be_v so_o miserable_a that_o they_o have_v quit_v and_o forget_v their_o very_a name_n not_o a_o man_n of_o quality_n survive_v the_o general_a depression_n and_o escape_v the_o common_a barbarism_n often_o do_v they_o link_v themselves_o to_o their_o respective_a neighbour_n of_o servia_n and_o wallachia_n with_o who_o they_o taste_v the_o same_o fortune_n but_o now_o they_o own_v no_o body_n but_o their_o tyrannical_a master_n to_o who_o they_o perform_v excellent_a service_n when_o their_o natural_a courage_n which_o like_o brute_n they_o retain_v be_v emulous_o provoke_v by_o other_o as_o barbarous_a people_n yea_o likewise_o so_o far_o do_v they_o retain_v their_o primitive_a hatred_n against_o the_o musulman_n their_o cruel_a master_n that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o have_v be_v ready_a to_o show_v their_o inclination_n but_o to_o very_o little_a purpose_n more_o than_o to_o show_v their_o more_o noble_a extract_n and_o ancestry_n though_o they_o have_v not_o colony_n to_o plant_v there_o the_o mahometans_n be_v not_o so_o numerous_a notwithstanding_o their_o polygamy_n as_o they_o be_v account_v and_o their_o often_o miscarriage_n the_o country_n be_v so_o desolate_a that_o a_o man_n can_v find_v a_o inn_n or_o a_o harbour_n in_o a_o day_n ride_v have_v discourage_v all_o expedition_n thither_o on_o purpose_n so_o that_o the_o wretched_a inhabitant_n with_o a_o little_a back_n may_v withdraw_v their_o neck_n from_o the_o mahometan_a yoke_n and_o save_v the_o 200000_o chequin_n or_o 45000_o l._n sterling_n beside_o the_o fee_n and_o present_n of_o the_o respective_a tributary_n pay_v constant_o to_o the_o port_n which_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o the_o two_o kingdom_n or_o despotical_a province_n on_o the_o southern_a shore_n of_o the_o danube_n servia_n and_o bulgaria_n 1._o servia_n which_o be_v so_o happy_o situate_v between_o bulgaria_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o east_n of_o it_o bosnia_n which_o bound_v it_o on_o the_o west_n the_o danow_n that_o limit_v it_o on_o the_o north_n and_o greece_n on_o the_o south_n be_v so_o rich_a in_o corn_n and_o mine_n as_o can_v not_o escape_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o master_v all_o those_o adjacent_a region_n at_o first_o nor_o their_o colony_n since_o the_o people_n themselves_o be_v so_o rude_a that_o they_o seem_v bear_v for_o servitude_n and_o good_a for_o nothing_o but_o to_o be_v command_v abroad_o and_o so_o drunken_a that_o it_o be_v absolute_o impossible_a they_o shall_v hold_v out_o against_o the_o impression_n of_o so_o sober_a a_o people_n as_o the_o turk_n who_o abstinence_n from_o wine_n be_v as_o much_o their_o policy_n as_o their_o religion_n though_o as_o rude_a as_o they_o be_v they_o may_v have_v hold_v long_o against_o the_o infidel_n have_v not_o fate_n include_v they_o within_o that_o desperate_a folly_n of_o prince_n to_o undertake_v a_o unjust_a though_o advantageous_a design_n upon_o other_o while_o there_o be_v a_o superior_a enemy_n thereby_o invite_v to_o umpirage_v the_o quarrel_n as_o there_o be_v when_o the_o ambitious_a design_n of_o the_o despot_n of_o servia_n upon_o rascias_n freedom_n be_v punish_v with_o their_o own_o slavery_n which_o be_v yet_o hasten_v by_o a_o accident_n as_o fatal_a viz._n peter_n john_n and_o martin_n the_o despot_n lazarus_n his_o child_n fly_v to_o the_o hungarian_a protection_n and_o his_o brother_n take_v sanctuary_n at_o the_o port_n until_o the_o mighty_a power_n of_o the_o turk_n swallow_v up_o both_o their_o right_n with_o dread_a and_o terror_n break_v the_o stubborn_a native_n whereof_o mahomet_n the_o great_a impale_v some_o gaunch_v other_o and_o flay_v a_o three_o sort_n so_o that_o they_o be_v quick_o tame_v and_o make_v the_o second_o province_n of_o the_o eastern_a or_o greek_a europe_n past_o all_o recovery_n since_o nyssa_n the_o key_n of_o the_o country_n be_v so_o strong_o garrison_v and_o fortify_v and_o the_o frontier_n town_n novigrad_n be_v so_o impregnable_a and_o indeed_o all_o the_o passage_n into_o that_o country_n be_v inaccessible_a 1500._o be_v able_a to_o keep_v out_o uladislaus_n with_o 39000._o 1564._o and_o hunniades_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o weak_a despot_n comply_v with_o the_o turk_n who_o only_o reserve_v he_o to_o his_o last_o conquest_n into_o 2._o bulgaria_n which_o lie_v eastward_o on_o the_o euxine_a sea_n axinos_fw-la ille_fw-la foret_fw-la westward_o towards_o servia_n northward_o on_o the_o danow_n or_o ister_n under_o the_o turk_n dominion_n ever_o since_o the_o last_o cowardly_a prince_n saimenos_n prostrate_v himself_o in_o a_o wind_a before_o the_o insolent_a tyrant_n amurath_n the_o first_o who_o set_v in_o three_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a province_n viz._n nicopolis_n sophia_n and_o silistria_n three_o sanjack_n or_o major_a general_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o begleberg_n or_o viceroy_n of_o greece_n the_o wood_n of_o these_o province_n afford_v constantinople_n fuel_n the_o sea_n ship_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v esteem_v a_o very_a good_a defence_n against_o any_o sudden_a irruption_n into_o the_o more_o inward_a part_n of_o romania_n as_o where_o the_o christian_n under_o hunniades_n have_v the_o great_a loss_n ever_o know_v in_o the_o world_n a_o argument_n urge_v against_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o turk_n though_o hold_v only_o for_o caution_n which_o way_n best_o to_o invade_v he_o that_o it_o