Selected quad for the lemma: authority_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
authority_n	government_n	year_n	young_a	62	3	5.4458	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01615	A discourse vpon the meanes of vvel governing and maintaining in good peace, a kingdome, or other principalitie Divided into three parts, namely, the counsell, the religion, and the policie, vvhich a prince ought to hold and follow. Against Nicholas Machiavell the Florentine. Translated into English by Simon Patericke.; Discours, sur les moyens de bien gouverner et maintenir en bonne paix un royaume ou autre principauté. English	Gentillet, Innocent, ca. 1535-ca. 1595.; Patrick, Simon, d. 1613.	1602 (1602)	STC 11743; ESTC S121098	481,653	391

called with these gracious names Subsidies Subventitions Aydes Grants not with these tearmes Tailles Imposts Tributes Impositions which were tearmes more hard and odious Examples appeare of the first cause when the generall Estates assembled at Paris after the death of king Charles le Sage to provide for the government as well of king Charles the sixt being under Annal. upon An 1380 and Fross li 2. cap. 58. 60. age as of the kingdome which government they gave unto three of the kings uncles namely to the Duke of Berry Languedoc to the Duke of Bourgoigne Picardie and Normandie and to the Duke de Aniou the remainder of all the realme and the rule of the young kings person was committed to the said Dukes of Berry and Bourgoigne So was there ordained during the said kings life another ordinance In like manner the generall Estates were held at Tours after the decease of king Lewis the eleventh to purvey for the government of king Charles the eighth under Annal. upon An. 148. and Co●●n ●ib 1. ca. 109. age and of the kingdome And by the same Estates was established a Counsell of twelve persons good men and of good calling to dispatch the affaires of the kingdome yet in the kings name and under his authoritie And the rule of the young kings person was committed unto Madame de Beavien his sister When king Charles the sixt le bien aime was come to the age of one and twentie yeares his uncles were discharged from the government of the kingdome by the Froiss lib 1. cap. 134. lib. 4. cap. 44. advise and deliberation of the kings great Counsell But this good prince by an accident of sicknesse fell a certaine time after into a frenzie which sometimes bereaved him of his sences insomuch that the Estates assembled at Paris gave the government of the kingdome during the kings indisposition to his two uncles the dukes of Berrie and Burgoigne The yeare 1356. that king Iohn was taken prisoner nie Poictres at the journey of Annal. upon An. 1356 and Fross li. 1. cap. 170. 171. Maupertins with his sonne Philip after Duke of Burgoigne and that they were led into England there remained in France three of the said king Iohns children namely Charles Dauphin and duke of Normandie Lewis duke de Aniou and Iohn duke of Berrie There was a question about the providing for the government of the kingdome because of the kings captiuitie but none of them would enterprise the mannaging thereof of himselfe insomuch that the generall Estates were assembled at Paris whereby were elected thirtie six persons some say fiftie to governe the affaires of the kingdome with Monsieur le Dauphin who at the beginning called himselfe the Lieutenant of the king his father but afterward he named himselfe Regent The yeare 1409. during the raigne of Charles the sixt king of France were held Monstrelet lib. 1. ca. 59. the generall Estates at Paris for the reformation of abuses in the kingdome And there it was ordained that all accountants for the kings revenues and rents should make their accounts By the meanes of which reformation great summes of money were recovered upon the same accountants and there were also made some good lawes and ordinances In other conventions of Estates the money and coine hath been reformed from weake and light unto thicke and of good waight and goodnesse Also of late at the generall Estates held at Orleans were made manie goodly ordinances for the good and comfort of the poore people reformation of justice and for the cutting off of manie abuses which were committed in plaies at Cardes and Dise in superfluitie of apparell and in matter of benefices But commonly commeth such euill hap that all good things which are introducted and ordained vpon good reason and to a good end incontinent vanish away and wicked examples are alwaies drawne into consequence As for the last cause for which we haue said the generall Estates in old time were called namely for the graunt of Helps Subsidies ther are manie examples in our Histories As in the time of king Iohn wherein the Estates accorded great subventions Froiss lib. 1. cap. 155. Annal. upon An 1354 58. 59. or subsidies to make warre against the English men which then held a great part of the kingdome And after he was taken prisoner and led into England the said Estates agreed to give vnto Monsieur le Dauphin his soune great summes of money to pay for the said kings raunsome and for Philip his sonne being also a prisoner And well to be marked it is that our histories doe witnesse that all the people of France generally were meruailously anguished grieved with the prisonment captivitie which they saw their king suffer but especially the people of the countrey of Languedoc For the Estates of the said countrey ordained that if the king were not delivered within a yeare that every one both men and women should lay by all coloured garments such also as were jagged and cut and such as were enriched with gold silver or other strange and costly fashion Likewise to make cease all stage-plaies morrisdauncings piping yea and plaies pastimes and daunces in signe and token of their mourning and lamentation for their princes captivitie A thing whereby appeared the great and cordiall affection of this people towards their king As truely the Frenchmen have alwaies been of great love and affection towards their kings unlesse they were altogither tyrants But to make an end of this point Certaine it is that before king Charles the seventh called le Victorieux no Subsidies were imposed without assembling the generall Estates And that our kings used thus to do was not because they had power by an absolute authoritie to impose tallages and subsidies without calling the Estates but it is to the end they may be better obeyed with a voluntarie and unconstrained obedience and to shunne all uprores and rebellions which often happen upon that occasion And truly the French people have alwaies been so good and obedient unto their kings that they never refused him any thing if there were but any appearance of reason to demand it Yea often the Estates have granted their king more than he would demand or durst looke for as is seene by that which our histories write of the Estates held for Subsidies But because Aydes and Subsidies were customably granted for the making of De Com. lib. 5. cap. 18. warres M. Philip de Comin saith That kings should also communicat and consult with their Estates whether the causes of such warres be just and reasonable and that the Prince cannot nor ought not otherwise to enterprise a warre For it is reason that they which defray the charges and expenses should know something But yet he passeth further and saith There is no Prince in the world which hath power to lay one pennie upon his subjects without their grant and consent unlesse he will use tyrannie and

married into the house of Austriche Now you may see how the duke of Burgoigne did precipitate himselfe into ruine and his countries fell as a prey unto his neighbours by trusting straungers and forsaking his good faithfull and naturall subjects and vassales The emperour Gordian the young prospered greatly whilest his affaires were governed Capito●inus in Gordiano by Misitheus his father in law who was his great master of his houshold and his lieutenant generall Gordian made warre against Sapor king of Persia whom he drave out of Thracia and from the countries of Syria and recovered Antioche Carres Nisibis and other great townes which the Persians held insomuch that the name of Gordian was feared and redoubted through all Persia whereas before Italie it selfe begun to feare the Persians But upon the course of his victories and prosperities arrived by evill hap the death of that good and wise man Misitheus and withall fell another yet greater which was this That that young emperour went to give the estate of his father in law to a stranger an Arabian called Phillippus who straight begun to practise against his master as we have abovesaid of Campobache For the first thing he did was this That he tooke order that victuals should want in the campe to make a mutinie of the souldiers against the emperour and hee himselfe did sow diffamatorie words through the campe against his master as that hee was a young man and knew not what belonged to the conduction of a campe and merited not to be an emperour and who would cause all the armie to be destroyed if they rested upon him Breefely he brought the souldiers and men of war to what point he would by the meanes he tooke For there is nothing more saucie nor more deafe to heare reasons and excuses than an hungrie bellie All the hoast then being angry against Gordian for the want of victuals and the principall captaines thereof being corrupted by this Arabian stranger he did so much as he got himselfe to bee chosen as tutor and governour of the emperour Haying by this meanes gained the authoritie to command he begun to enterprise to make Gordian his master die Which this young prince seeing he besought him humbly that hee would receive him into the participation of the empire and that they two might be together emperours as but a few yeares before had been Maximus and Balbinus But Philippus would not agree to that perceiving himselfe strong of captaines which hee had gained and corrupted Then Gordian demanded of him yet the office which he had given him of the Great master of his houshold Lieutenant generall that in the place of a master he might so be his servant But the fierce Arabian denied it him he was so villanous and ingrate Finally he desired him but to save his life which likewise that wicked Arabian would not accord fearing that one day he might trouble him because he was of a very noble race and that he had many friends as well at Rome as all over the Roman empire and by the contrarie Philippus was of a vile and unknown race Breefely this cruell Barbarian stranger made forcibly to be brought before his face that young prince his master who had advanced him and there caused him to be unclothed naked and so to be massacred and slaine Would any say there could be imagined a barbarousnesse disloyaltie or crueltie more strange so a stranger committed it Trust such people who list The ancient Romans which were wise tooke good heed of granting charges and offices unto strangers nay not to their associates of the same tongue that they were After they had lost the battaile of Cannas where were slaine fourescore Senators the Senate seemed to be utterly overthrowne the number remaining was so small There was then proposed by Marcus Aemilius Praetor that there should be new Senators chosen to supply and encrease the auncient number And upon this proposition he as president of the Senate demaunded first the advice of Spurius Carvilius Senatour Carvilius thought best to chuse some good number of the most notable and wise men of the Latines their associates as well for that there was want of men within Rome as to hold the Latines more united and obedient by the meanes of which union he said the Commonwealth should be much more fortified encreased But Manlius which reasoned after him was of another advice for hee declared high and clear That the first Latine that he saw enter within the Senat to sit down as Senator he would slay him with his owne hand and he could never endure that the Senat should be contaminated with strangers After Manlius reasoned that wise lord Quintus Fabius Maximus who said he never heard nor saw any man argue in the Senat so grossely and evill to purpose as Carvilius had done especially said hee in this time wherein we are brought to such extremitie and that it is more needfull than ever to have in the Senat faithfull and loyall persons and every one may well know that there can never be good trust and assurance in strangers which measure faith and loyaltie by their profit and losse We had need also to take good heed there be no brute or fame of this foolish opinion of Carvilius but to let it bee trodden under our feet for feare the Latines take not occasion to lift up their horns if they perceive any wind or breath thereof Breefely all the companie were of this opinion and 177 Senators were chosen out of the body of the town of Rome which before had made known their vertue without more looking into the nobilitie of their race And Carvilius was much despited that he would have advanced strangers into the offices of Senators We must not be abashed if the ancient Romanes have used this for even at this day there is not so small a commonwealth that useth it not See Venise Gennes and other townes of Italie which are in forme of commonwealths see Strasburg Nuremburg Ausburg Francfort Magdeburg and all the imperiall townes of Almaigne which are governed like commonwealths and the thirteene cantons of the Suisses you shall find that they straitly observe this rule To receive no strangers into offices and publicke charges yea in many places they will not receive strangers for inhabitants wherein it may be they hold too much severitie and rigour For hospitalitie is recommended unto us of God and it is a very laudable vertue for men to entertaine strangers and well to use them in entertainement But strangers also ought to content themselves to be welcommed and entertained in a countrey or towne without an aspiring will to master or hold offices and estates for at the length that can obtaine unto them but envie and evill will The French nation is that which of all christianitie as I thinke receiveth and loveth strangers most for they are as welcome all over Fraunce as they of their owne nation Yet wee have

by Machiavell which maintaineth his subjects in division and partialitie and which seekes to sley all them which love the commonweale and which desire a good reformation a good policie in the commonweale There are also other tokens and markes whereby to know a tyrant as them which wee have before alledged out of doctor Bartolus and them also which hystoriographers have marked to have been in Tarquin the proud For they say when he changed his just and royall domination Dioni Halic lib. 4. into a tyrannicall government he became a contemner and a despiser of al his subjects as well the meane people as the nobilitie and Patritians he brought a confusion and a corruption into justice he tooke a greater number of waiting servants into his guard than his predecessors had he tooke away the authoritie from the assembly of the Senate which it alwaies before had moreover hee dispatched criminall and civile causes after his fancie and not according to right hee cruelly punished such as complained of that change of estate as conspirators against him he caused many great and notable persons to die secretly without any forme of justice hee imposed tributes upon the people against the auncient forme and regalitie to the impoverishing and oppression of some more than of others hee had also spies to discover what was said of him and afterward punished rigorously such as had blamed either him or his government These be the colours wherewith the hystories do paint Tarquin when of a king he became a tyrant and these are ordinarily the colours and liverie of all tyrants banners whereby they may be knowne It seemeth that Tarquin forgot nothing of all that a tyrant could doe but that he slew not Brutus which was a fault in the art of tyrannie as learnedly Machiavell noteth it which fell to bee his ruin But the cause hereof was that Brutus in the court counterfeted the foole wherby Tarquin had no suspition of him For none but wise men and good people are suspect and greevous to tyrants but as for counterfeting fooles unthrifts flatterers bauds murderers inventors of imposts and such like dregs and vermine of the people they are best welcome into tyrants courts yet even amongst them are not tyrants alwaies without danger for amongst such fooles sometimes happeneth a Brutus who at last will plat out their ends so that ever their lives hangs by a small thred as Denis the tyrant sayth But the example of Hieronimus another tyrant of Sicilie is to this purpose well to be noted This Hieronimus was the sonne of a good and wise king called Hiero whom also they well called tyrant because he came not to that estate by a legitimate title although he exercised it sincerely and in good justice who when he died left this Hieronimus his sonne very young and under age For the government therefore of him and of his affaires he gave him fifteene tutors and amongst them Andronodorus and Zoilus his sonnes in law and one Thraso which he charged to maintaine the countrey of Sicilie in peace as he himselfe had done by the space of fiftie yeares of his raigne but especially that they should maintaine the treatie and confederation which he had all the length of his time duly observed with the Romanes The said tutors promised to performe his request and to change nothing in the estate but altogether to follow his footsteps Straight after Hiero was dead Andronodorus being angry because of so many tutors caused the king who was then but 15 yeares old to be proclaimed of sufficient age to bee dismissed of tutors and so dispatched himselfe as well as others of that dutifull care they ought to have had of their king and countrey After he got to himselfe alone the government of the kingdome and to make himselfe to bee feared under the kings authoritie hee tooke to him a great number of waiters for his guard and to weare purple garments and a diademe upon his head and to goe in a coach drawne with white horses altogether after the manner of Denis the tyrant and contrary to the use of Hieronimus yet was not this the worst for besides all this Adronodorus caused the yong king his brother in law to bee instructed in pride and arrogancie to contemne every man to give audience to no man to bee quarelous and to take advantage at words of hard accesse given to all new fashions of effeminacie and riotousnesse and to bee unmeasurable cruell thirstie after bloud After Andronodorus had thus framed to his minde this yong king a conspiration was made against him unto which Andronodorus was consenting to dispatch and sley him but it was discovered but yet executed which A conjuration discovered yet executed was strange For one Theodorus was accused and confessed himselfe to bee one of the conspiracie but being tortured and racked to confesse his complices and parteners in that conspiracie knowing he must needs die and by that meanes desiring to be revenged of that yong tyrant he accused the most faithfull and trustiest servants of the king This young tyrant rash inconsiderat straight put to death his friends and principal servants by the counsell of Andronodorus who desired nothing more because they hindered his deseignes This execution performed incontinent this yong tyrant was massacred and slain upon a straight way by the conspirators themselves which before had made the conjuration the execution whereof was the more easie by the discoverie thereof because as is said the tyrants most faithfull friends and servants were slaine Soone after the tyrants death Andronodorus obtained the fortresse of Siracuse a towne of Sicilie but the tumults and stirres which he raised in the countrey as he thought for his owne profit fell out so contrarie to his expectation that finally he his wife and all their race and the race of Hieronimus were extermined as well such as were innocent as they that were culpable And so doth it ordinarily happen to all young princes which by corruption are degenerated into tyrants So fals it out also to all them which are corrupters of princes to draw them into habits of all wickednesse Lastly here would not bee omitted altogether this wickednesse of Machiavell who confounding good and evill together yeeldeth the title of Vertuous unto a tyrant Is not this as much as to call darkenesse full lightsome and bright vice good and honourable and ignorance learned But it pleaseth this wicked man thus to say to plucke out of the hearts of men all hatred horror and indignation which they might have against tyrannie and to cause princes to esteeme tyrannie good honorable and desirable 16. Maxime A Prince may as well be hated for his vertue as for his vice THe emperour Pertinax saith Machiavell vvas elected emperor Cap. 19. Of the prince against the vvils of his men of vvarre vvhich before had customably lived licentiously in all vices and dissolutenesse under the emperour Commodus his predecessor