to_o be_v in_o english_a hand_n ibid._n *_o whence_o have_v its_o name_n 114_o *_o u._n vilna_n bishop_n of_o his_o diocese_n 43._o vilna_n castellan_n of_o prefer_v wherefore_o 55._o varmia_n bishop_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_v 44._o vote_n intend_a limitation_n like_a to_o produce_v a_o bad_a effect_n 104._o who_o have_v they_o in_o election_n of_o a_o king_n 144._o volunteer_n what_o in_o poland_n 17_o *_o example_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o select_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n 18_o *_o university_n two_o in_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n 75_o *_o chief_a study_n there_o ibid._n *_o have_v no_o solid_a learning_n 78_o *_o w._n woman_n polish_v their_o former_a and_o late_a fashion_n 197._o very_o modest_a 200._o exception_n 201._o their_o liberty_n restrain_v ibid._n war_n two_o quality_n necessary_a there_o 26_o *_o z._n zuppars_n what_o 80._o vide_fw-la mine_n finis_fw-la from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 1698._o former_a power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a._n d._n 1574._o advantage_n thereby_o why_o european_a prince_n court_v the_o polish_v gentry_n nobility_n resolve_v thereupon_o abridge_v the_o ancient_a power_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o constitute_v a_o republic_n division_n of_o the_o people_n of_o poland_n the_o diet._n it_o be_v power_n motive_n for_o a_o mix_a government_n a_o motive_n ii_o motive_n iii_o motive_n advantage_n of_o a_o mix_a government_n division_n of_o the_o republic_n king_n present_a power_n and_o prerogatives_n his_o happiness_n unhappiness_n a_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o the_o state_n instance_n of_o pole_n affection_n to_o their_o king_n modern_a king_n power_n abroad_o and_o at_o home_o the_o great_a respect_n pay_v he_o his_o title_n and_o other_o prerogative_n his_o pension_n houshold-officer_n and_o guard_n queen_n consort_n court_n how_o maintain_v king_n patrimonial_a estate_n and_o perquisites_n late_a king_n be_v great_a riches_n the_o crown_n revenue_n queen_n revenue_n the_o king_n power_n limit_v in_o several_a respect_n nobility_n only_o capable_a of_o preferment_n other_o limitation_n of_o the_o king_n power_n inconvenience_n thereby_o why_o he_o be_v pay_v so_o great_a respect_n city_n present_v their_o key_n upon_o his_o approach_n why_o he_o can_v raise_v no_o force_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet._n his_o legitimate_a issue_n great_o respect_v his_o illegitimate_a as_o much_o slight_v mean_v to_o continue_v the_o crown_n in_o one_o family_n why_o the_o k._n of_o poland_n can_v imitate_v he_o of_o denmark_n not_o unhappy_a because_o he_o can_v secure_v the_o succession_n to_o his_o family_n crown_n and_o court_n officer_n gentleman_n pensioner_n horse-guard_n court_n officer_n in_o lithuania_n and_o in_o several_a province_n chief_z officer_n of_o queen_n court._n principal_a officer_n of_o primate_n court._n what_o peculiar_a to_o he_o the_o senate_n and_o its_o office_n senator_n by_o who_o make_v and_o their_o oath_n four_o to_o attend_v the_o king_n and_o wherefore_o senators_z not_o suffer_v to_o travel_v travel_v vide_fw-la sueton._n cap._n 42._o in_o vita_fw-la jul._n caesar_n &_o tacit_fw-la lib_n 12._o annal._n cap._n 23._o this_o title_n not_o bestow_v by_o its_o self_n senator_n office_n extreme_o prize_v their_o dignity_n their_o division_n and_o subdivision_n diocese_n of_o poland_n peculiar_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o two_o archbishop_n ecclesiastical_a senator_n his_o power_n and_o state_n his_o power_n as_o inter._n rex_fw-la why_o entrust_v so_o much_o his_o see_n two_o other_o bishop_n in_o leopol_n those_o of_o the_o greek_a persuasion_n their_o tenet_n ceremony_n and_o ornoment_n his_o bishopric_n and_o power_n his_o residence_n and_o precedence_n his_o see_n precedence_n and_o authority_n several_a place_n of_o residence_n his_o diocese_n his_o diocese_n his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_n his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_n his_o diocese_n here_o be_v a_o greek_a bishop_n likewise_o bishop_n of_o curland_n yet_o have_v no_o see_n his_o precedence_n and_o see_n he_o see_v translate_v and_o wherefore_o honorary_a a_o greek_a bishop_n former_o primate_n of_o moscovy_n honorary_a honorary_a each_o bishop_n have_v a_o kind_a of_o little_a court_n their_o precedence_n in_o the_o diet_n and_o large_a revenue_n religion_n in_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n conversion_n and_o several_a persuasion_n of_o the_o pole_n socinian_o expel_v 1658._o 1673._o lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n and_o other_o religion_n in_o poland_n the_o roman_a catholic_n prevail_v and_o always_o prefer_v privilege_n of_o regular_a clergy_n their_o dissolute_a life_n fast_n how_o observe_v in_o poland_n manner_n of_o the_o secular_a clergy_n the_o pole_n behaviour_n at_o church_n their_o church_n division_n and_o subdivision_n of_o lay_n senator_n palatine_n etc._n etc._n with_o their_o precedence_n 1._o lay-senator_n prefer_v and_o wherefore_o 1130._o 1130._o duglossus_n lib._n 4._o annal._n polon_n p._n 369._o prefer_v for_o what_o reason_n reason_n lib._n 2_o cap._n 3._o p._n 504._o prefer_v and_o why_o wherefore_o prefer_v and_o how_o choose_v honorary_a palatinate_n why_o he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o province_n honorary_a palatinate_n honorary_a palatinate_n former_o seat_n of_o teutonic_n knight_n honorary_a palatinate_n great_a part_n honorary_a honorary_a palatinate_n duty_n and_o office_n of_o palatine_n palatine_n hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o p._n 506._o etc._n etc._n vice_n palatine_n and_o how_o qualify_v duty_n of_o castellan_n their_o division_n qualification_n office_n and_o title_n great_a castellan_n and_o their_o precedence_n lay-senator_n honorary_a honorary_a honorary_a honorary_a lesser_a castellan_n no_o enjoy_n plurality_n of_o office_n castellan_n how_o call_v in_o polish_v the_o ten_o crown-officer_n those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n precede_v lay-senator_n his_o office_n power_n and_o authority_n duty_n and_o privilege_n his_o perquisites_n deputy_n and_o who_o officiate_n in_o case_n of_o absence_n qualification_n of_o these_o of_o the_o kingdom_n kingdom_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o p._n 528._o both_o have_v seal_n and_o equal_a authority_n their_o office_n and_o power_n succeed_v each_o other_o how_o ought_v to_o be_v qualify_v their_o office_n and_o authority_n a_o remarkable_a breach_n of_o trust_n contend_v for_o precedence_n but_o refuse_v it_o extra-senatorial_a officer_n great_a general_n have_v equal_a authority_n their_o power_n and_o duty_n king_n interest_n to_o head_n his_o army_n present_v great_a general_n dignity_n successive_a lieutenant-general_n and_o their_o office_n chief_a commander_n of_o the_o guard_n other_o great_a officer_n in_o the_o army_n camp-notary_n captain_n of_o guard_n against_o incursion_n great_a secretary_n and_o their_o authority_n referendary_n and_o their_o office_n cupbearer_n carver_n sword-bearer_n court-treasurer_n and_o their_o office_n treasurer_n of_o prussia_n associate_n to_o judge_n chief_a notary_n register_n inchancery_n escheator_n commissioner_n of_o custom_n house_n governor_n of_o mine_n governor_n of_o the_o mint_n court-officer_n civil_a officer_n of_o district_n vice-chamberlain_n and_o his_o office_n chamberlain_n judge_n and_o assistant_n prothonotary_n head_n collector_n other_o officer_n and_o why_o so_o call_v military_a officer_n of_o district_n starostas_n with_o jurisdiction_n vice-starostas_a etc._n etc._n jurisdiction_n of_o starostas_n starostas_n without_o jurisdiction_n burgraves_n and_o their_o office_n revenue_n of_o starostaship_n zuppars_n what_o what_o the_o diet_n be_v by_o who_o call_v and_o where_o and_o how_o often_o meet_a manner_n of_o call_v it_o and_o proceed_n thereupon_o where_o the_o little_a diet_n meet_v i._o in_o great_a poland_n poland_n vide_fw-la herburt_n voice_fw-la comitia_fw-la p._n 92._o and_o in_o edit_n polon_n p._n 257._o podlachia_n and_o masovia_n ii_o in_o little-poland_n iii_o in_o lithuania_n iv._o in_o prussia_n v._o in_o russia_n vi_o in_o volhynia_n vii_o in_o samogitia_n qualification_n for_o and_o manner_n of_o vote_v in_o little_a diet_n who_o and_o how_o many_o choose_a deputy_n with_o their_o instruction_n proceed_n in_o little_a diet_n diet_n hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o p._n 682._o etc._n etc._n deputy_n how_o choose_v choose_v hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o p._n 689._o can_v be_v senator_n their_o salary_n when_o first_o send_v vide_fw-la constitut_n an._n 1581._o p._n 375._o their_o general_a meeting_n diet_n divide_v into_o three_o nation_n speaker_n how_o choose_v and_o heat_n thereupon_o how_o occasion_v next_o proceed_v further_o proceed_n reflection_n of_o hauteville_n speaker_n request_v for_o the_o deputy_n his_o authority_n proceed_n in_o the_o low_a house_n conference_n be_v with_o the_o upper_a and_o nuncios_fw-la power_n confirm_v and_o encourage_v their_o privilege_n privilege_n constitut_n an._n 1649._o committee_n how_o long_o sit_v upper_a house_n how_o employ_v manner_n of_o break_v up_o session_n in_o the_o low_a two_o house_n join_v speaker_n power_n devolve_v to_o great_a marshal_n where_o the_o king_n suspend_v his_o opinion_n what_o require_v to_o establish_v a_o law_n where_o it_o can_v be_v print_v session_n of_o the_o diet_n limit_v wherefore_o affair_n treat_v of_o in_o the_o grand_a
of_o the_o cosack_n and_o the_o last_o trouble_n in_o bohemia_n to_o these_o also_o may_v be_v add_v the_o revolution_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n i._n when_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o people_n extend_v their_o rage_n even_o to_o the_o dip_v their_o hand_n in_o this_o prince_n blood_n politician_n do_v general_o own_v that_o the_o people_n be_v a_o wild_a beast_n which_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v lead_v than_o leave_v at_o liberty_n and_o by_o consequence_n have_v pronounce_v it_o most_o perilous_a to_o acquiesce_v under_o their_o subjection_n a_o anarchy_n will_v undoubted_o do_v more_o harm_n in_o a_o day_n than_o a_o tyrant_n can_v in_o all_o his_o reign_n if_o he_o punish_v it_o be_v with_o some_o pretence_n of_o justice_n when_o nothing_o can_v abate_v the_o people_n rage_n but_o a_o utter_a extinction_n of_o whatever_o be_v place_v over_o their_o heâ—ds_n a_o mix_a government_n therefore_o make_v out_o of_o all_o these_o three_o be_v that_o which_o have_v prove_v most_o government_n agreeable_a to_o the_o polish_v nation_n be_v a_o just_a medium_fw-la between_o the_o dangerous_a extremity_n of_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n and_o those_o of_o aristocracy_n and_o democracy_n it_o be_v this_o the_o pole_n have_v pitch_v upon_o as_o most_o proper_a to_o preserve_v the_o public_a liberty_n and_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o happiness_n of_o their_o state_n be_v it_o seem_v persuade_v that_o a_o body_n politic_n resemble_v a_o humane_a in_o this_o that_o as_o the_o one_o borrow_v all_o its_o vigour_n and_o health_n from_o a_o just_a temperament_n of_o the_o different_a humour_n that_o compose_v it_o so_o the_o other_o depend_v absolute_o on_o that_o of_o the_o three_o beforementioned_a form_n of_o government_n and_o moreover_o as_o the_o former_a subsist_v by_o the_o mutual_a opposition_n of_o contrary_a quality_n so_o the_o king_n senate_n and_o gentry_n of_o poland_n have_v in_o some_o measure_n different_a interest_n and_o inclination_n be_v not_o only_o hinder_v from_o deviate_a into_o vicious_a extremity_n but_o also_o through_o a_o noble_a emulation_n be_v excite_v to_o labour_v careful_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a republic_n the_o republic_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o state_n the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n yet_o both_o which_o be_v but_o as_o one_o body_n have_v the_o same_o king_n the_o same_o parliament_n the_o same_o law_n the_o same_o privilege_n the_o same_o religion_n and_o as_o the_o natural_a result_n of_o all_o these_o the_o same_o interest_n these_o two_o state_n be_v so_o very_o well_o unite_v that_o a_o king_n can_v be_v elect_v a_o law_n make_v nor_o any_o state-business_n do_v without_o the_o mutual_a consent_n of_o both_o but_o my_o lord_n as_o the_o king_n be_v the_o prime_n and_o chief_a member_n of_o this_o republic_n i_o will_v give_v your_o grace_n a_o account_n of_o his_o present_a power_n and_o prerogatives_n prerogatives_n the_o pole_n be_v too_o proud_a a_o nation_n to_o agree_v with_o those_o politician_n that_o measure_v the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o happiness_n of_o a_o state_n by_o the_o despotic_a power_n of_o he_o that_o govern_v it_o and_o therefore_o those_o pernicious_a maxim_n of_o tyrant_n si_fw-la lubet_fw-la licet_fw-la oderint_fw-la dum_fw-la metuant_fw-la and_o the_o like_a will_v be_v but_o ill_o receive_v among_o a_o people_n that_o have_v all_o along_o secure_v their_o liberty_n by_o their_o prudence_n and_o valour_n this_o vassalage_n will_v suit_v well_o enough_o with_o the_o slave_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n or_o with_o the_o moscovite_n and_o turk_n who_o all_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v govern_v like_o beast_n and_o lead_v by_o the_o nose_n according_a to_o the_o different_a caprice_n or_o pleasure_n of_o their_o prince_n happiness_n as_o for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n they_o may_v rest_v in_o security_n in_o the_o bosom_n of_o their_o country_n even_o amid_o the_o noise_n of_o arm_n either_o without_o or_o within_o their_o dominion_n since_o they_o have_v always_o their_o subject_n to_o crowd_v about_o they_o for_o their_o guard_n through_o indispensable_a inclination_n for_o what_o contribute_v chief_o to_o the_o happiness_n of_o these_o prince_n be_v the_o loyal_a observance_n and_o voluntary_a obedience_n pay_v they_o even_o by_o those_o that_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_n i_o have_v often_o hear_v mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr polignac_n the_o french_a ambassador_n say_v at_o warsaw_n that_o he_o think_v a_o king_n of_o poland_n more_o happy_a in_o his_o person_n and_o condition_n than_o a_o king_n of_o france_n nevertheless_o this_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v so_o alloy_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o it_o do_v not_o exact_v more_o veneration_n from_o the_o noble_n or_o gentry_n than_o they_o think_v he_o deserve_v for_o though_o their_o behaviour_n be_v general_o extraordinary_a observant_a yet_o do_v they_o tacit_o seem_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o power_n they_o have_v limit_v and_o often_o refuse_v that_o duty_n which_o they_o have_v deem_v he_o worthy_a of_o by_o his_o election_n unhappiness_n the_o polish_v nobility_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o their_o king_n be_v right_a and_o those_o of_o the_o senate_n and_o deputy_n affirm_v that_o since_o these_o three_o member_n compose_v but_o one_o body_n they_o ought_v equal_o to_o share_v in_o the_o same_o benefit_n and_o injury_n and_o consequent_o ought_v all_o either_o to_o reward_v the_o one_o or_o revenge_v the_o other_o state_n the_o small_a authority_n therefore_o of_o their_o king_n and_o the_o impossibility_n of_o their_o act_n by_o themselves_o have_v at_o all_o time_n expose_v poland_n to_o the_o insult_v of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o the_o rage_n of_o their_o own_o people_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o the_o treachery_n and_o sedition_n of_o the_o confederate_n which_o can_v never_o have_v arrive_v at_o so_o great_a height_n if_o the_o king_n have_v have_v but_o sufficient_a power_n to_o have_v suppress_v they_o also_o the_o great_a marshal_n of_o the_o crown_n lubomirski_n will_v never_o have_v have_v the_o boldness_n to_o have_v oppose_v king_n casimir_n design_n open_o and_o to_o have_v form_v so_o many_o faction_n against_o the_o court_n have_v he_o not_o have_v some_o assurance_n of_o remain_v unpunished_a this_o make_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v style_v a_o king_n of_o king_n and_o lord_n of_o lord_n since_o he_o have_v no_o better_a than_o companion_n and_o equal_n for_o his_o subject_n king_n we_o have_v divers_a instance_n of_o the_o pole_n love_v for_o their_o king_n and_o particular_o by_o their_o once_o enforce_v the_o right_n of_o sigismond_n iii_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n in_o a_o obstinate_a war_n which_o they_o begin_v several_a time_n as_o likewise_o in_o support_v afterward_o the_o pretence_n of_o vladislaus_n vii_o to_o moscovy_n to_o omit_v divers_a other_o of_o a_o more_o ancient_a date_n this_o respect_n of_o their_o oblige_v they_o frequent_o to_o come_v and_o spend_v their_o estate_n at_o court_n think_v to_o augment_v their_o prince_n grandeur_n by_o their_o prodigality_n and_o magnificence_n this_o appear_v by_o the_o mistake_v make_v by_o gregory_n king_n of_o bohemia_n at_o the_o interview_n between_o he_o and_o casimir_n the_o great_a at_o glogan_n which_o place_v the_o former_a have_v demand_v to_o bound_v the_o limit_n of_o silesia_n when_o he_o salute_v a_o private_a gentleman_n splendid_o clothe_v for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n power_n the_o custom_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o pole_n run_v so_o strong_a towards_o honour_v their_o prince_n that_o all_o they_o have_v or_o be_v able_a to_o do_v even_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n they_o be_v willing_a to_o lavish_a in_o his_o service_n without_o expect_v any_o great_a recompense_n than_o the_o glory_n of_o wait_v on_o his_o majesty_n person_n insomuch_o that_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o be_v courageous_a and_o prudent_a just_a and_o sober_a liberal_a and_o religious_a one_o that_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o in_o a_o word_n who_o have_v no_o other_o interest_n but_o the_o common_a good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v as_o much_o respect_a and_o honour_a and_o as_o faithful_o obey_v both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n nay_o as_o formidable_a to_o all_o his_o enemy_n as_o most_o prince_n in_o europe_n as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o war_n no_o monarch_n have_v great_a advantage_n than_o himself_o for_o he_o be_v neither_o at_o the_o trouble_n of_o raise_v force_n nor_o expense_n in_o maintain_v they_o his_o business_n be_v only_o to_o convene_v the_o diet_n and_o they_o do_v all_o these_o thing_n to_o his_o hand_n after_o war_n be_v once_o declare_v he_o can_v continue_v the_o
of_o the_o great_a dutchy_n army_n and_o receive_v no_o manner_n of_o order_n from_o the_o crown-general_n except_o where_o both_o be_v joint_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n power_n these_o great_a general_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n have_v the_o great_a power_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o they_o have_v then_o a_o supreme_a command_n in_o the_o army_n they_o give_v battle_n and_o besiege_v town_n without_o the_o king_n participation_n and_o settle_v winter-quarter_n where_o and_o upon_o what_o land_n they_o think_v fit_a this_o power_n of_o they_o be_v so_o extraordinary_a considerable_a that_o a_o great_a general_n be_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o nobility_n duty_n their_o duty_n be_v to_o keep_v good_a order_n and_o discipline_n in_o the_o army_n to_o punish_v mutinous_a and_o seditious_a officer_n and_o soldier_n to_o settle_v the_o prize_n of_o all_o commodity_n and_o provision_n bring_v into_o the_o camp_n to_o give_v command_n or_o necessary_a order_n for_o a_o charge_n or_o 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the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o artillery_n the_o camp_n notary_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o incursion_n of_o which_o two_o last_v i_o shall_v only_o speak_v here_o camp-notary_n camp-notary_n be_v paymaster_n general_n for_o the_o army_n both_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n incursion_n the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n this_o officer_n be_v post_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n towards_o crim-tartary_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n authority_n for_o the_o civil_a state-officer_n there_o be_v the_o two_o great_a secretary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o duchy_n they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o privy-council_n and_o to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o what_o the_o chancellor_n and_o vice_n chancellor_n do_v they_o must_v both_o be_v ecclesiastic_n and_o their_o office_n be_v a_o great_a step_n to_o the_o chancellor_n dignity_n they_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o king_n signet_n and_o be_v qualify_v for_o the_o high_a episcopal_a honour_n and_o have_v precedence_n before_o most_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n or_o kingdom_n office_n the_o master_n of_o request_n or_o referendary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n their_o business_n be_v to_o receive_v petition_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o give_v his_o majesty_n answer_n they_o have_v a_o place_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o justice_n these_o be_v in_o all_o four_o one_o ecclesiastical_a and_o one_o civil_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o great_a office_n duchy_n two_o cupbearer_n for_o each_o nation_n for_o the_o same_o two_o carver_n and_o two_o sword-bearer_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n these_o supply_n either_o the_o absence_n or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o great_a treasurer_n prussia_n the_o treasurer_n of_o prussia_n who_o business_n be_v to_o take_v all_o account_n of_o the_o collector_n of_o revenue_n in_o that_o province_n and_o to_o transmit_v they_o to_o the_o great_a treasurer_n judge_n associate_n to_o judge_n which_o be_v general_o such_o as_o reside_v in_o the_o king_n court_n viz._n the_o master_n of_o request_n vicechancellor_n etc._n etc._n notary_n two_o chief_a notary_n of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o civil_a cause_n either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o the_o great_a duchy_n inchancery_n two_o register_n in_o the_o chancery_n of_o both_o nation_n escheator_n a_o officer_n that_o look_v after_o the_o escheat_n call_v by_o we_o escheator_n he_o can_v either_o sue_v for_o or_o seize_v any_o such_o land_n or_o good_n as_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n house_n the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o custom-house_n who_o give_v in_o their_o account_n as_o often_o as_o the_o great_a treasurer_n require_v they_o mine_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o silver_n lead_v and_o 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be_v only_o with_o honorary_a title_n and_o some_o few_o privilege_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v that_o when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o their_o palatinate_n his_o court-officer_n must_v leave_v to_o they_o the_o honour_n of_o serve_v he_o at_o table_n bear_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o etc._n etc._n district_n the_o military_a officer_n of_o a_o district_n be_v starostas_n with_o and_o without_o jurisdiction_n jurisdiction_n starostas_n with_o jurisdiction_n be_v governor_n of_o castle_n and_o royal_a city_n who_o sit_v and_o hear_v private_a cause_n of_o small_a moment_n once_o a_o fortnight_n and_o those_o of_o great_a concern_v every_o six_o week_n if_o nothing_o intervene_v to_o prevent_v they_o etc._n these_o have_v vice_n starostas_fw-la judge_n clerk_n and_o servant_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o sheriff_n officer_n to_o enforce_v justice_n in_o case_n of_o resistance_n starostas_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o starostas_n extend_v not_o only_o over_o the_o commonalty_n but_o likewise_o over_o the_o gentry_n they_o have_v also_o a_o care_n of_o the_o
which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v often_o bribe_v either_o by_o the_o king_n foreign_a prince_n or_o some_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n proceed_v on_o the_o day_n prefix_v for_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o diet_n the_o king_n with_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o nuncios_fw-la go_v to_o hear_v a_o sermon_n which_o be_v end_v he_o retire_v into_o the_o senate_n where_o he_o be_v several_o salute_v by_o the_o member_n thereof_o and_o the_o nuncios_fw-la retire_v likewise_o into_o their_o house_n call_v by_o the_o pole_n izba_n poselska_n confer_v together_o about_o elect_v a_o speaker_n during_o which_o the_o last_o speaker_n or_o marshal_n officiate_n till_o a_o new_a one_o be_v choose_v and_o then_o be_v oblige_v to_o resign_v his_o staff_n to_o the_o marshal_n elect_v who_o be_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a before_o he_o enter_v upon_o his_o office_n proceed_n when_o the_o marshal_n or_o speaker_n be_v elect_v he_o with_o all_o the_o deputy_n 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think_v on_o that_o work_n till_o they_o begin_v to_o want_v money_n to_o buy_v hungarian_a wine_n deputy_n after_o the_o chancellor_n have_v thus_o propose_v to_o the_o diet_n in_o the_o king_n name_n all_o the_o article_n they_o be_v to_o go_v upon_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o nuncios_fw-la likewise_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o deputy_n present_n to_o the_o king_n what_o they_o desire_v of_o his_o majesty_n which_o be_v 1._o to_o make_v void_a all_o intrenchment_n either_o upon_o the_o state_n or_o the_o people_n and_o 2._o to_o bestow_v all_o vacant_a office_n upon_o person_n of_o worth_n and_o merit_n authority_n this_o marshal_n of_o the_o deputy_n have_v a_o great_a authority_n over_o they_o in_o the_o diet_n for_o he_o it_o be_v that_o command_v silence_n among_o they_o and_o who_o transmits_n all_o their_o request_n to_o the_o king_n or_o senate_n and_o see_v that_o by_o his_o power_n he_o can_v either_o animate_v or_o moderate_v they_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o no_o ordinary_a esteem_n and_o that_o the_o court_n always_o endeavour_n by_o various_a favour_n to_o secure_v he_o for_o their_o friend_n house_n the_o manner_n of_o proceed_n in_o the_o nuncios_fw-la house_n be_v much_o the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o little_a diet_n no_o body_n offer_v his_o opinion_n there_o till_o have_v first_o ask_v leave_v of_o the_o marshal_n who_o alone_o introduce_v all_o messenger_n from_o the_o king_n senators_z army_z or_o foreign_a prince_n and_o answer_v they_o all_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n if_o any_o disserence_n arise_v among_o the_o nuncios_fw-la or_o other_o tumult_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o spectator_n he_o cause_v silence_n immediate_o by_o strike_v his_o staff_n against_o the_o ground_n power_n the_o two_o order_n be_v thus_o separate_v there_o be_v nevertheless_o frequent_a intercourse_n between_o they_o as_o be_v between_o our_o two_o most_o honourable_a house_n the_o nuncios_fw-la have_v a_o power_n of_o impeach_v all_o magistrate_n and_o officer_n for_o male_a administration_n and_o to_o put_v the_o king_n in_o mind_n as_o often_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a of_o his_o coronation-oath_n moreover_o the_o nuncios_fw-la power_n and_o authority_n appear_v the_o great_a in_o that_o no_o constitution_n or_o law_n be_v of_o any_o validity_n or_o force_n that_o be_v not_o first_o begin_v in_o their_o house_n nay_o their_o marshal_n be_v to_o be_v the_o first_o starter_n of_o all_o law_n and_o when_o conclude_v upon_o it_o be_v his_o office_n only_o to_o read_v they_o before_o the_o senate_n for_o this_o reason_n in_o the_o year_n 1668._o the_o marshal_n protest_v against_o a_o certain_a law_n because_o it_o be_v first_o concert_v in_o the_o senate_n but_o what_o be_v more_o to_o be_v admire_v than_o all_o this_o be_v that_o the_o dissent_n of_o one_o single_a nuncio_n be_v sufficient_a to_o annul_v the_o whole_a proceed_n and_o to_o occasion_v the_o diet_n to_o be_v dissolve_v encourage_v to_o confirm_v this_o authority_n and_o for_o the_o further_o security_n of_o the_o nuncios_fw-la sigismond_n i._o in_o the_o year_n 1510._o ordain_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v high_a treason_n to_o injure_v any_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n though_o he_o afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 1539._o restrain_v this_o law_n to_o the_o royal_a person_n but_o which_o notwithstanding_o john_n casimir_n in_o some_o measure_n renew_v in_o the_o year_n 1649._o privilege_n 1649._o if_o one_o of_o these_o nuncios_fw-la commit_v any_o crime_n he_o be_v to_o be_v try_v only_o by_o his_o fellow-member_n this_o privilege_n of_o the_o nuncios_fw-la begin_v a_o month_n before_o and_o last_v as_o long_o after_o the_o diet._n committee_n upon_o some_o occasion_n the_o marshal_n assign_v committee_n of_o these_o nuncios_fw-la who_o be_v to_o transact_v apart_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v entrust_v to_o they_o sit_v the_o nuncios_fw-la remain_v in_o their_o house_n till_o the_o five_o day_n before_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o diet_n when_o they_o be_v all_o to_o go_v to_o the_o senate_n et_fw-la sic_fw-la comitia_fw-la ad_fw-la patres_fw-la transfer_v dicuntur_fw-la but_o if_o within_o the_o time_n assign_v by_o the_o law_n they_o find_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o finish_v their_o business_n they_o humble_o petition_v the_o king_n that_o the_o diet_n may_v be_v prorogue_v employ_v whilst_o the_o nuncios_fw-la be_v thus_o provide_v for_o the_o public_a good_a in_o their_o house_n the_o king_n and_o senate_n do_v not_o pass_v their_o time_n idle_o in_o they_o for_o after_o the_o chancellor_n have_v give_v the_o charge_n to_o the_o low_a house_n and_o they_o be_v retire_v he_o together_o with_o the_o senator_n tries_z criminal_a cause_n for_o a_o whole_a week_n which_o be_v end_v there_o be_v several_a other_o matter_n assign_v for_o certain_a day_n until_o the_o low_a house_n bring_v up_o bill_n to_o be_v debate_v low_a near_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o before_o 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zytomierz_n afterward_o at_o woldzimiers_n in_o volhynia_n volhynia_n in_o the_o province_n of_o volhynia_n in_o the_o town_n of_o vinnicza_n afterward_o at_o woldzimierz_n samogitia_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o samogitia_n in_o the_o town_n of_o rosienia_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o gentleman_n both_o rich_a and_o poor_a provide_v they_o have_v but_o three_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o their_o possession_n which_o must_v be_v worth_a at_o least_o eight_o crown_n sterling_a a_o year_n have_v a_o right_a to_o come_v to_o these_o little_a diet_n where_o they_o all_o have_v equal_a authority_n and_o vote_n but_o however_o no_o body_n under_o a_o polish_v gentleman_n have_v a_o suffrage_n there_o one_o of_o these_o gentry_n once_o hinder_v a_o person_n from_o be_v choose_v chairman_n of_o a_o little_a diet_n till_o the_o candidate_n have_v give_v he_o a_o pair_n of_o polish_v boot_n for_o he_o be_v before_o almost_o barefooted_a after_o which_o he_o consent_v and_o come_v in_o and_o approve_v of_o 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gentry_n declare_v against_o they_o his_o party_n or_o mob_n not_o know_v what_o the_o business_n be_v cry_v like_o madman_n that_o such_o a_o affair_n shall_v not_o pass_v whereupon_o a_o witty_a fellow_n observe_v their_o senseless_a rage_n start_v up_o and_o cry_v brethren_n you_o be_v fool_n to_o oppose_v this_o affair_n for_o the_o question_n be_v only_o to_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o wheat_n and_o aquavitae_n whereat_o they_o immediate_o consent_v to_o and_o approve_v of_o the_o matter_n propose_v and_o cry_v that_o their_o seigneur_n be_v a_o rogue_n that_o have_v betray_v they_o and_o moreover_o threaten_v he_o with_o their_o sabres_fw-es instruction_n notwithstanding_o every_o little_a gentleman_n can_v vote_n for_o who_o he_o please_v yet_o the_o election_n always_o fall_v upon_o some_o rich_a nobleman_n who_o can_v treat_v high_a and_o make_v a_o figure_n suitable_a to_o this_o honourable_a charge_n most_o common_o they_o choose_v two_o or_o three_o deputy_n for_o every_o palatinate_n one_o of_o which_o be_v always_o a_o understand_a man_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v young_a nobleman_n choose_v only_o for_o honour_n sake_n or_o that_o they_o may_v be_v train_v up_o betimes_o in_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n when_o the_o deputy_n be_v choose_v they_o receive_v full_a instruction_n from_o the_o gentry_n of_o their_o province_n of_o what_o they_o be_v to_o consent_v or_o dissent_v to_o in_o the_o general_a diet_n and_o when_o once_o they_o be_v entrust_v with_o these_o instruction_n they_o dare_v not_o for_o their_o life_n transgress_v they_o so_o that_o if_o but_o one_o deputy_n have_v order_n contrary_a to_o the_o rest_n it_o lie_v in_o his_o single_a power_n to_o break_v all_o their_o measure_n diet_n in_o these_o little_a diet_n their_o first_o care_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o marshal_n or_o chairman_n who_o office_n be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o the_o marshal_n or_o speaker_n of_o the_o general_a diet._n etc._n this_o chairman_n in_o lithuania_n when_o once_o choose_v continue_v the_o same_o for_o life_n this_o officer_n be_v elect_v they_o next_o proceed_v to_o the_o receive_n of_o the_o king_n nuncio_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o chief_a deputy_n and_o by_o he_o place_v at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o table_n this_o person_n propose_v in_o the_o king_n name_n what_o they_o be_v to_o debate_v upon_o have_v first_o satisfy_v they_o of_o his_o commission_n but_o here_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o to_o some_o of_o these_o convention_n the_o king_n transmits_n his_n instruction_n by_o a_o starosta_n choose_v the_o nunioes_n or_o deputy_n be_v now_o elect_v by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n to_o avoid_v confusion_n and_o disorder_n 689._o the_o number_n of_o all_o these_o nuncios_fw-la amount_n common_o to_o 174._o beside_o those_o of_o prussia_n which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o which_o in_o the_o year_n 1685._o be_v 70._o of_o themselves_o senator_n these_o deputy_n can_v be_v choose_v senator_n and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n elect_v out_o of_o the_o common_a magistrate_n except_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o high_a tribunal_n assessor_n collector_n of_o the_o revenue_n etc._n etc._n salary_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o these_o deputy_n have_v certain_a salary_n assign_v they_o by_o the_o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1540_o send_v these_o nuncios_fw-la be_v first_o send_v to_o the_o diet_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o casimir_n iii_o who_o have_v have_v thirteen_o year_n war_n with_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n and_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n to_o pay_v his_o army_n order_v the_o province_n to_o send_v deputy_n to_o lay_v imposition_n which_o they_o be_v representative_n of_o their_o country_n may_v 375._o be_v the_o easy_a comply_v with_o these_o deputy_n have_v continue_v ever_o since_o meeting_n beside_o the_o convention_n at_o the_o little_a diet_n the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n when_o elect_v have_v general_a meeting_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o grand_a diet_n at_o these_o several_a place_n for_o great_a poland_n at_o kolo_n in_o kalisch_n to_o which_o belong_v the_o palatinate_n of_o posnania_n kalisch_n siradia_n lanschet_fw-mi bresty_n inowlocz_n ploczkow_n dobrina_n rava_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o vielunia_n for_o lesser_n poland_n at_o corzin_n in_o sendomir_n to_o which_o belong_v the_o palatinate_n of_o cracovia_n sendomir_n russia_n podolia_n belsko_n and_o lublin_n by_o the_o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1613._o for_o prussia_n at_o graudent_n or_o marienbourg_n to_o which_o belong_v all_o royal_a russia_n or_o the_o palatinate_v of_o culm_n marienbourg_n pomerania_n as_o also_o the_o bishopric_n of_o varmia_n for_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n at_o slonim_n in_o novogrodec_n to_o which_o belong_v the_o palatinate_n of_o vilna_n troki_n briescia_n novogrodec_n minski_n polocz_n witebsko_n mscislaw_n zlucz_n braclaw_n by_o the_o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1631._o the_o other_o palatinate_v which_o be_v not_o mention_v in_o this_o division_n have_v all_o general_a meeting_n though_o i_o do_v not_o find_v where_o nation_n when_o all_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o province_n be_v assemble_v at_o the_o place_n appoint_v for_o the_o grand_a diet_n they_o divide_v themselves_o into_o three_o nation_n viz._n into_o the_o deputy_n of_o high_a and_o low_a lithuania_n poland_n and_o thereupon_o out_o of_o these_o three_o they_o next_o proceed_v to_o choose_v their_o marshal_n or_o speaker_n the_o first_o time_n they_o choose_v he_o out_o of_o the_o deputy_n of_o high_a poland_n the_o second_o out_o of_o the_o deputy_n of_o low_a poland_n and_o at_o the_o three_o diet_n out_o of_o the_o deputy_n of_o lithuania_n oftentimes_o they_o spend_v several_a day_n in_o bloody_a contest_v before_o they_o can_v agree_v about_o a_o election_n nay_o it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o they_o never_o agree_v at_o all_o as_o in_o the_o diet_n convene_v in_o the_o year_n 1695._o when_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n which_o have_v make_v great_a preparation_n to_o appear_v in_o their_o grandeur_n whereof_o some_o come_v above_o three_o hundred_o mile_n be_v force_v to_o return_v home_o again_o without_o effect_v any_o thing_n for_o want_n of_o agree_v about_o a_o marshal_n he_o that_o design_n to_o get_v to_o be_v elect_v marshal_n must_v treat_v the_o gentry_n all_o the_o while_n otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v no_o vote_n for_o he_o and_o common_o they_o prolong_v the_o election_n that_o they_o may_v live_v the_o long_o at_o the_o candidate_n charge_n occasion_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o great_a stickle_a be_v because_o the_o dignity_n of_o this_o marshal_n be_v not_o only_o very_o honourable_a but_o also_o exceed_o beneficial_a which_o occasion_n several_a nobleman_n among_o the_o deputy_n to_o raise_v cabal_n and_o intrigue_n to_o secure_v it_o for_o themselves_o he_o have_v likewise_o great_a authority_n and_o can_v by_o his_o eloquent_a and_o subtle_a speech_n turn_v affair_n on_o what_o side_n he_o please_v