by_o a_o high_a tribunal_n then_o the_o two_o party_n be_v place_v upon_o two_o silver_n foot-stool_n the_o accuser_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o stool_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o injury_n the_o prisoner_n upon_o the_o stool_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o impudence_n or_o according_a to_o adrian_n iunius_n correction_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o innocence_n these_o be_v two_o goddess_n to_o which_o altar_n and_o afterward_o temple_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o areopagus_n ii_o the_o accuser_n in_o this_o place_n propose_v three_o question_n to_o the_o prisoner_n call_v by_o aeschylus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d eumenidibus_fw-la to_o each_o of_o which_o he_o be_v to_o give_v a_o distinct_a answer_n the_o first_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v you_o guilty_a of_o this_o murder_n to_o which_o he_o make_v answer_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a second_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d why_o do_v you_o commit_v this_o murder_n three_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v your_o partner_n and_o accomplice_n in_o the_o fact_n in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o two_o party_n implead_v each_o other_o and_o the_o prisoner_n be_v allow_v to_o make_v his_o defence_n in_o two_o oration_n the_o first_o of_o which_o when_o he_o have_v end_v he_o be_v permit_v to_o secure_v himself_o by_o flight_n and_o go_v into_o voluntary_a banishment_n if_o he_o suspect_v the_o goodness_n of_o his_o cause_n which_o privilege_n if_o he_o make_v use_v of_o all_o his_o estate_n be_v confiscate_v and_o expose_v to_o sale_n by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d viii_o in_o the_o primitive_a time_n both_o party_n speak_v for_o themselves_o ii_o but_o in_o late_a age_n they_o be_v permit_v to_o have_v counsel_n to_o plead_v for_o they_o but_o whoever_o it_o be_v that_o speak_v he_o be_v to_o represent_v the_o bare_a and_o naked_a truth_n without_o any_o preface_n or_o epilogue_n without_o any_o ornament_n figure_n of_o rhetoric_n or_o any_o other_o insinuate_a mean_n to_o win_v the_o favour_n or_o move_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o judge_n innumeri_fw-la both_o party_n be_v hear_v if_o the_o prisoner_n be_v resolve_v to_o stand_v the_o trial_n they_o proceed_v to_o give_v sentence_n which_o they_o do_v with_o the_o most_o profound_a gravity_n and_o silence_n hence_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d come_v to_o be_v proverbial_a say_n though_o some_o derive_v they_o from_o their_o reservedness_n and_o severe_a gravity_n and_o therefore_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v usual_o take_v for_o a_o grave_n majestic_a rigid_a person_n and_o other_o from_o the_o grâ—at_a care_n they_o take_v to_o conceal_v the_o transaction_n of_o their_o senate_n of_o which_o the_o poet_n speak_v ergo_fw-la occulta_fw-la reges_fw-la ut_fw-la curia_fw-la martis_n athenis_fw-la ix_o the_o manner_n of_o give_v sentence_n be_v thus_o there_o be_v place_v in_o the_o court_n two_o urn_n one_o of_o which_o be_v of_o brass_n and_o they_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o place_n it_o stand_v in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o the_o vote_n cast_v into_o it_o pronounc'â—_n the_o accusation_n valid_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o decree'â—â—he_v death_n of_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—isoner_n the_o second_o urn_n be_v of_o wood_n be_v place_v behind_o the_o former_a into_o it_o they_o that_o acquit_v the_o prisoner_n be_v to_o cast_v thâ—ir_a suffrage_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d equit._n afterward_o the_o thirty_o tyrant_n have_v make_v themselves_o maâ—ters_n of_o the_o city_n order_v they_o to_o give_v thâ—ir_a voice_n in_o a_o manner_n more_o public_a and_o open_a by_o cast_v their_o calculi_fw-la upon_o two_o table_n the_o former_a of_o which_o contain_v the_o suffrage_n that_o acquit_v the_o latter_a those_o that_o condemn_v the_o prisoner_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v be_v know_v which_o way_n every_o man_n give_v his_o voice_n and_o how_o he_o stand_v affect_v to_o their_o interest_n and_o proceed_n agorat_n beside_o the_o crime_n that_o come_v peculiar_o under_o their_o cognizance_n there_o be_v sometime_o other_o bring_v before_o they_o in_o which_o their_o sentence_n be_v not_o final_a or_o decretory_a for_o there_o lay_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o court_n to_o which_o they_o proper_o belong_v as_o sigonius_n observe_v the_o senator_n of_o areopagus_n be_v never_o reward_v with_o crown_n for_o their_o service_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o wear_v theâ—_n ctesâ—â—hont_n but_o receive_v a_o sort_n of_o maintenance_n from_o the_o public_a which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o meursius_n have_v observe_v out_o of_o lucian_n accusato_fw-la that_o they_o have_v the_o same_o pension_n that_o be_v allot_v to_o some_o other_o judge_n viz._n three_o oboli_fw-la for_o every_o cause_n they_o give_v judgement_n upon_o their_o authority_n be_v preserve_v to_o they_o entire_a till_o the_o time_n of_o pericles_n who_o because_o he_o can_v not_o be_v admit_v among_o they_o as_o never_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o a_o archon_n employ_v all_o his_o power_n and_o cunning_a against_o they_o and_o have_v get_v a_o great_a interest_n with_o the_o commonalty_n so_o embroil_v and_o rout_v their_o senate_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o ephialtes_n that_o most_o of_o the_o cause_n and_o matter_n which_o have_v be_v former_o try_v there_o be_v discharge_v from_o their_o cognizance_n pericle_v from_o this_o time_n the_o athenian_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n free_v from_o the_o restraint_n that_o have_v be_v lay_v upon_o they_o begin_v sensible_o to_o degenerate_v from_o their_o ancient_a virtue_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n let_v loose_v the_o reins_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o licentiousness_n areopagit_n and_o therefore_o be_v compare_v by_o plutarch_n to_o a_o wild_a unruly_a horse_n that_o have_v fling_v his_o rider_n will_v be_v govern_v and_o keep_v in_o no_o long_o the_o same_o vice_n and_o excess_n that_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o city_n creep_v in_o by_o degree_n among_o the_o areopagite_n themselves_o and_o therefore_o demetrius_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o phalerean_a be_v censure_v by_o they_o as_o a_o loose_a liver_n tell_v they_o plain_o that_o if_o they_o design_v to_o make_v a_o reformation_n in_o the_o city_n they_o must_v begin_v at_o home_o for_o that_o even_o among_o they_o there_o be_v several_a person_n of_o as_o bad_a and_o worse_a life_n than_o himself_o and_o which_o be_v a_o more_o unpardonable_a crime_n than_o any_o that_o he_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o several_a that_o debauch_a and_o corrupt_v other_o man_n wife_n and_o be_v themselves_o corrupt_v and_o seduce_v by_o bribe_n 〈◊〉_d chapter_n xx._n of_o some_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n institute_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o demophoon_n the_o son_n of_o theseus_n upon_o this_o account_n some_o of_o the_o argive_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o diomedes_n or_o as_o other_o say_v of_o agamemnon_z be_v drive_v in_o the_o night_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o attica_n land_v at_o the_o haven_n of_o phalerus_n and_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o enemy_n country_n go_v out_o to_o spoil_v and_o plunder_v it_o the_o athenian_n present_o take_v the_o alarm_n and_o have_v unite_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o demophoon_n repulse_v the_o invader_n with_o great_a loss_n kill_v a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o place_n and_o force_v the_o rest_n to_o retire_v into_o their_o ship_n but_o upon_o the_o approach_n of_o day_n acamas_n the_o brother_n of_o demophoon_n find_v among_o the_o dead_a body_n the_o palladium_n or_o statue_n of_o minerva_n bring_v from_o troy_n discover_v that_o the_o person_n they_o have_v kill_v be_v their_o friend_n and_o ally_n whereupon_o have_v first_o advise_v with_o a_o oracle_n they_o give_v they_o a_o honourable_a burial_n in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v slay_v consecrate_a the_o goddess_n statue_n erect_v a_o temple_n to_o she_o and_o institute_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o which_o cognizance_n be_v take_v of_o such_o as_o be_v indict_v for_o involuntary_a murder_n the_o first_o that_o be_v arraign_v in_o it_o be_v demophoon_n who_o in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o forementioned_a conflict_n kill_v one_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n by_o a_o sudden_a turn_n of_o his_o horse_n other_o report_v that_o agamemnon_n be_v enrage_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o man_n and_o dissatisfy_v at_o demophoon_n rash_a and_o hasty_a attempt_n upon_o they_o refer_v the_o quarrel_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o fifty_o athenian_n and_o as_o many_o argian_n who_o they_o
that_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o just_a but_o expedient_a chapter_n vii_o of_o the_o grecian_a divination_n and_o oracle_n in_o general_n mantikh_n be_v a_o general_a name_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o divination_n and_o signify_v the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n obscure_a or_o future_a which_o can_v be_v attain_v by_o any_o ordinary_a or_o natural_a mean_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o plato_n phadro_n who_o be_v follow_v herein_o by_o aristotle_n plutarch_n and_o cicero_n into_o two_o species_n one_o of_o which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o naturalis_fw-la i._n e._n unartificial_a or_o natural_a divination_n as_o not_o be_v attain_v by_o any_o rule_n precept_n or_o observation_n but_o inspire_v into_o the_o divine_a without_o his_o take_v any_o far_a care_n or_o trouble_v about_o it_o than_o to_o purify_v and_o prepare_v himself_o to_o receive_v the_o divine_a afflatus_fw-la with_o this_o sort_n be_v all_o those_o endue_v that_o deliver_v oracle_n and_o foretold_v future_a event_n by_o inspiration_n without_o observe_v any_o external_a sign_n or_o accident_n such_o be_v the_o sibyl_n and_o other_o enthusiast_n some_o there_o be_v that_o reduce_v divination_n by_o dream_n under_o this_o species_n because_o in_o they_o revelation_n be_v make_v without_o any_o pain_n or_o art_n of_o the_o dreamer_n but_o herein_o lie_v the_o mistake_n of_o this_o argument_n that_o not_o the_o dreamer_n but_o the_o interpreter_n of_o dream_n be_v the_o diviner_n and_o that_o their_o skill_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o art_n and_o observation_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o many_o book_n write_v upon_o that_o subject_a and_o the_o various_a sign_n deliver_v in_o they_o to_o make_v conjecture_n by_o in_o like_a manner_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o business_n of_o a_o augur_n to_o see_v the_o bird_n of_o divination_n which_o may_v casual_o happen_v to_o any_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a fellow_n but_o after_o he_o have_v see_v they_o to_o interpret_v what_o be_v portend_v by_o they_o these_o therefore_o with_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o second_o species_n of_o divination_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o artificial_a because_o it_o be_v not_o obtain_v by_o immediate_a inspiration_n but_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o long_a experience_n and_o observation_n as_o sooth-saying_a or_o depend_v chief_o upon_o humane_a art_n invention_n or_o imposition_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o be_v altogether_o destitute_a of_o divine_a direction_n and_o concurrence_n such_o be_v divination_n by_o lot_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o divination_n as_o have_v a_o more_o immediate_a dependence_n on_o the_o god_n and_o first_o with_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o it_o i_o mean_v oracle_n which_o be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o interpreter_n or_o revealer_n of_o oracle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o consulter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o place_n in_o which_o they_o be_v deliver_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n though_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o of_o these_o name_n be_v sometime_o apply_v to_o other_o sort_n of_o divination_n of_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o divination_n oracle_n have_v always_o the_o great_a repute_n as_o be_v think_v to_o proceed_v in_o a_o more_o immediate_a manner_n from_o the_o god_n whereas_o other_o be_v deliver_v by_o man_n and_o have_v a_o great_a dependence_n on_o they_o who_o may_v either_o out_o of_o ignorance_n mistake_v or_o out_o of_o fear_n hope_n or_o other_o unlawful_a and_o base_a end_n conceal_v or_o betray_v the_o truth_n whereas_o they_o think_v the_o god_n who_o be_v neither_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o anger_n nor_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o reward_n nor_o care_v for_o the_o promise_v of_o mortal_n can_v not_o sure_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o do_v either_o of_o they_o upon_o this_o account_n oracle_n obtain_v so_o great_a credit_n and_o esteem_v that_o in_o all_o doubt_n and_o dispute_v their_o determination_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a whence_o as_o strabo_n xvi_o report_v vast_a number_n flock_v to_o they_o to_o be_v resolve_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o doubt_n and_o ask_v counsel_n about_o the_o management_n of_o their_o affair_n insomuch_o that_o no_o business_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o moment_n be_v undertake_v scarce_o any_o peace_n conclude_v any_o war_n wage_v any_o new_a form_n of_o government_n institute_v or_o new_a law_n enact_v without_o the_o advice_n and_o approbation_n of_o a_o oracle_n croesus_n i._n before_o he_o dare_v venture_v to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o persian_n consult_v not_o only_o all_o the_o most_o famous_a oracle_n in_o greece_n but_o send_v ambassador_n as_o far_o as_o libya_n to_o ask_v advice_n of_o jupiter_n hammon_n minos_n cit_fw-la the_o cretan_a lawgiver_n converse_v with_o jupiter_n and_o receive_v instruction_n from_o he_o how_o he_o may_v new_a model_n his_o government_n lycurgus_n also_o make_v frequent_a visit_n to_o the_o delphian_a apollo_n and_o receive_v from_o he_o that_o platform_n which_o afterward_o he_o communicate_v to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n nor_o do_v it_o matter_n whether_o these_o thing_n be_v real_o true_a or_o not_o since_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v so_o for_o hence_o appear_v what_o great_a esteem_n oracle_n be_v in_o at_o least_o among_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n when_o lawgiver_n and_o man_n of_o the_o great_a authority_n be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o these_o method_n to_o win_v they_o into_o compliance_n my_o author_n go_v yet_o high_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o inspire_v person_n be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o trust_n insomuch_o that_o sometime_o we_o find_v they_o advance_v to_o the_o throne_n and_o invest_v with_o regal_a power_n for_o that_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o god_n they_o be_v best_a able_a to_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n and_o welfare_n of_o mankind_n this_o reputation_n stand_v the_o priest_n that_o have_v their_o dependence_n on_o the_o oracle_n in_o no_o small_a stead_n for_o find_v their_o credit_n thus_o thorough_o establish_v they_o allow_v no_o man_n to_o consult_v the_o god_n before_o he_o have_v offer_v costly_a sacrifice_n and_o make_v rich_a present_n to_o they_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o none_o but_o great_a and_o wealthy_a man_n be_v admit_v to_o ask_v their_o advice_n they_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o defray_v the_o charge_n require_v on_o that_o account_n which_o contribute_v very_o much_o to_o raise_v the_o esteem_n of_o oracle_n among_o the_o common_a people_n man_n general_o be_v apt_a to_o admire_v the_o thing_n they_o be_v keep_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o contemn_v what_o they_o be_v familiar_o acquaint_v with_o wherefore_o to_o keep_v up_o their_o esteem_n with_o the_o better_a sort_n even_o they_o be_v only_o admit_v upon_o a_o few_o state_v day_n at_o other_o time_n neither_o the_o great_a prince_n can_v purchase_v nor_o person_n of_o the_o great_a quality_n any_o way_n obtain_v a_o answer_n alexander_n himself_o be_v peremptory_o deny_v by_o the_o pythia_n till_o she_o be_v by_o downright_a force_n compel_v to_o ascend_v the_o tripus_n when_o find_v herself_o unable_a to_o resist_v any_o long_o she_o cry_v out_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thou_o be_v invincible_a which_o word_n be_v think_v a_o very_a lucky_a omen_n and_o accept_v instead_o of_o any_o further_a oracle_n as_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o oracle_n it_o have_v be_v dispute_v whether_o they_o be_v the_o revelation_n of_o daemon_n or_o only_o the_o delusion_n of_o crafty_a priest_n van_fw-mi dale_n a_o dutch_a wit_n have_v take_v pain_n to_o write_v a_o large_a treatise_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o late_a opinion_n but_o his_o argument_n i_o think_v be_v not_o of_o such_o force_n but_o that_o they_o may_v without_o difficulty_n be_v refute_v if_o either_o my_o design_n require_v or_o time_n permit_v i_o to_o answer_v they_o however_o that_o be_v it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n that_o jupiter_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o this_o and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o divination_n it_o be_v he_o that_o have_v the_o book_n of_o fate_n and_o out_o of_o they_o reveal_v either_o more_o or_o less_o as_o he_o please_v to_o inferior_a daemon_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o be_v surname_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o eustathius_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o this_o verse_n of_o homer_n 250._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d then_o at_o he_o holy_a fane_n to_o mighty_a jove_n be_v the_o glad_a victim_n slay_v to_o jove_n from_o who_o all_o divination_n come_v and_o inspire_v oracle_n unridle_v future_a doom_n mr._n hutchin_n of_o the_o other_o god_n apollo_n be_v repute_v to_o have_v the_o great_a skill_n in_o
of_o government_n a_o full_a restitution_n of_o the_o sovereign_a command_n to_o the_o people_n or_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o city_n but_o only_o to_o five-thousand_a which_o the_o four-hundred_n when_o their_o authority_n begin_v have_v pretend_v to_o take_v to_o they_o as_o assistant_n in_o the_o government_n herein_o seem_v to_o do_v little_a or_o no_o wrong_n to_o the_o commonalty_n who_o seldom_o assemble_v in_o a_o great_a number_n and_o therefore_o no_o decree_n be_v pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o four-hundred_n but_o all_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o five-thousand_a and_o the_o usurper_n be_v call_v say_v alcibiadâ—_n plato_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d five-thousand_a though_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v four-hundred_n but_o now_o when_o the_o power_n be_v come_v indeed_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o so_o many_o it_o be_v soon_o agree_v that_o alcibiades_n and_o his_o friend_n shall_v be_v recall_v from_o exile_n by_o the_o citizen_n as_o they_o have_v before_o be_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o that_o the_o army_n at_o samos_n shall_v be_v request_v to_o undertake_v the_o government_n which_o be_v forthwith_o reform_v according_a to_o the_o soldier_n desire_v this_o establishment_n of_o affair_n at_o home_n be_v immediate_o second_v with_o good_a success_n from_o abroad_o for_o by_o the_o help_n of_o alcibiades_n they_o in_o a_o short_a time_n obtain_v several_a very_o important_a victory_n but_o the_o giddy_a multitude_n be_v soon_o after_o incense_v against_o he_o he_o be_v banish_v a_o second_o time_n v._n his_o absence_n have_v always_o before_o be_v fatal_a to_o the_o athenian_n but_o never_o so_o much_o so_o as_o at_o this_o time_n for_o their_o navy_n at_o aegos-potamos_a through_o the_o carelessness_n of_o the_o commander_n be_v betray_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o lysander_n the_o lacedaemonian_a admiral_n who_o take_v and_o sink_v almost_o the_o whole_a fleet_n so_o that_o of_o two_o or_o three-hundred_n sail_v of_o ship_n there_o escape_v not_o above_o eight_o after_o this_o victory_n lysander_n join_v his_o own_o force_n with_o those_o of_o agis_n and_o pausanias_n king_n of_o sparta_n march_v direct_o to_o athens_n which_o be_v surrender_v to_o they_o upon_o term_n whereby_o the_o athenian_n oblige_v themselves_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o long-wall_n by_o which_o the_o city_n be_v join_v to_o the_o piraeeus_n or_o haven_n and_o deliver_v up_o all_o their_o naval_a force_n only_o ten_o or_o as_o some_o say_v twelve_o ship_n except_v nay_o there_o be_v a_o consultation_n hold_v whether_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v utter_o destroy_v and_o the_o land_n about_o it_o lay_v waste_v and_o agis_n have_v carry_v it_o in_o the_o affirmative_a have_v not_o lysander_n oppose_v he_o urge_v that_o one_o of_o the_o eye_n of_o greece_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v pluck_v out_o however_o he_o force_v they_o to_o alter_v their_o form_n of_o government_n and_o change_v their_o democracy_n into_o a_o oligarchie_n a_o state_n ever_o affect_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o compliance_n therefore_o with_o the_o command_v of_o their_o conqueror_n the_o people_n of_o athens_n choose_v thirty_o governor_n common_o call_v thirty_o tyrant_n the_o name_n of_o which_o you_o may_v see_v in_o xenophon_n these_o say_v a_o author_n above_o mention_v be_v choose_v with_o a_o design_n to_o compile_v a_o body_n of_o their_o law_n and_o make_v a_o collection_n of_o such_o ancient_a statute_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n in_o that_o juncture_n of_o affair_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o new_a law_n and_o to_o this_o charge_n be_v annex_v the_o supreme_a authority_n and_o the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o city_n entrust_v in_o their_o hand_n at_o the_o first_o they_o seem_v to_o proceed_v with_o some_o show_n of_o justice_n and_o apprehend_v such_o troublesome_a fellow_n as_o be_v odious_a to_o the_o city_n but_o can_v not_o be_v take_v hold_v of_o by_o the_o law_n condemn_v they_o to_o death_n but_o have_v afterward_o obtain_v a_o guard_n from_o the_o spartan_n to_o secure_v the_o city_n as_o be_v pretend_v to_o their_o obedience_n they_o soon_o discover_v what_o they_o have_v be_v aim_v at_o for_o they_o seek_v no_o more_o after_o base_a and_o detest_a person_n but_o invade_v the_o lead_v and_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n send_v arm_v man_n from_o house_n to_o house_n to_o dispatch_v such_o as_o be_v like_a to_o make_v any_o head_n against_o their_o government_n and_o to_o add_v the_o great_a strength_n to_o their_o party_n and_o colour_n to_o their_o proceed_n they_o select_v three-thousand_a of_o such_o citizen_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a for_o their_o purpose_n and_o give_v they_o some_o part_n of_o the_o public_a authority_n disarm_v all_o the_o rest_n be_v confirm_v with_o this_o accession_n of_o strength_n they_o proceed_v in_o their_o bloody_a design_n with_o more_o heat_n and_o vigour_n than_o before_o put_v to_o death_n all_o that_o be_v possess_v of_o estate_n without_o any_o form_n of_o justice_n or_o so_o much_o as_o any_o the_o least_o pique_n or_o grudge_n against_o they_o only_o that_o their_o riches_n may_v fall_v into_o their_o hand_n nay_o so_o far_o be_v they_o transport_v with_o cruelty_n and_o covetousness_n that_o they_o agree_v that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v name_v his_o man_n upon_o who_o good_n he_o shall_v seize_v by_o put_v the_o owner_n to_o death_n and_o when_o theramenes_n one_o of_o their_o own_o number_n profess_v his_o detestation_n of_o so_o horrid_a a_o design_n they_o condemn_v he_o forthwith_o and_o compel_v he_o to_o drink_v poison_n this_o theramenes_n be_v at_o the_o first_o a_o mighty_a stickler_n for_o the_o tyrant_n authority_n bâ—t_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o abuse_v it_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o such_o outrageous_a practice_n no_o man_n more_o violent_o oppose_v it_o than_o he_o and_o this_o get_v he_o the_o nickname_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o jack_n of_o both-sides_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o cothurnus_fw-la which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o shoe_n that_o fit_v both_o foot_n at_o length_n the_o athenian_n to_o the_o number_n of_o seventy_o that_o have_v flee_v to_o thebes_n go_v voluntary_o into_o banishment_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o the_o tyrant_n enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o they_o and_o under_o â—he_n conduct_v of_o thrasybulus_n seize_v upon_o phylâ—_n a_o strong_a castle_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o athens_n and_o increase_a their_o strength_n and_o number_n by_o little_a and_o little_a so_o far_o prevail_v against_o they_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v to_o sparta_n and_o then_o all_o their_o law_n be_v repeal_v and_o the_o upstart_n form_n of_o government_n utter_o dissolve_v and_o thus_o the_o athenian_n regain_v their_o liberty_n and_o be_v reestablish_v in_o the_o peaceable_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o land_n and_o fortune_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o ninety-fourth_a olympiad_n and_o to_o prevent_v all_o future_a jealousy_n and_o quarrel_n among_o themselves_o they_o proclaim_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o act_n of_o oblivion_n whereby_o all_o that_o have_v be_v concern_v in_o the_o outrage_n and_o barbarity_n commit_v during_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o tyrant_n be_v admit_v to_o pardon_n thrasybulus_n have_v thus_o free_v his_o country_n from_o the_o heavy_a yoke_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n conon_n establish_v it_o in_o all_o it_o be_v ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n by_o another_o signal_n victory_n at_o cnidus_n wherein_o he_o give_v a_o total_a defeat_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_a fleet._n and_o have_v by_o this_o mean_v regain_v the_o sovereingty_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o begin_v again_o to_o take_v courage_n and_o aim_v now_o at_o nothing_o less_o than_o the_o restauration_n of_o athens_n to_o her_o ancient_a glory_n and_o fortune_n be_v not_o want_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o further_a their_o great_a design_n for_o they_o not_o only_o reduce_v the_o i_o will_v of_o lesbos_n byzantium_n chalcedon_n and_o other_o place_n thereabouts_o to_o their_o former_a obedience_n but_o raise_v athens_n once_o more_o to_o be_v the_o most_o potent_a and_o the_o principal_a city_n in_o all_o greece_n in_o this_o state_n they_o continue_v for_o some_o year_n till_o the_o theban_n who_o have_v be_v raise_v from_o one_o of_o the_o most_o inconsiderable_a state_n in_o greece_n to_o great_a power_n by_o the_o wise_a conduct_n and_o great_a courage_n of_o epaminondas_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o her_o grandeur_n and_o dispute_v the_o sovereingty_n with_o she_o but_o this_o contest_v be_v soon_o decide_v by_o the_o hasty_a death_n of_o epaminondas_n at_o the_o famous_a battle_n of_o mantinaea_n that_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o theban_a greatness_n which_o as_o it_o be_v raise_v and_o maintain_v so_o it_o likewise_o perish_a with_o that_o great_a man._n so_o great_a alteration_n
the_o vessel_n for_o every_o tribe_n preside_v in_o its_o turn_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o tribe_n the_o attic_a year_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o part_n each_o of_o which_o consist_v of_o thirtyfive_a day_n only_o the_o four_o first_o part_n contain_v thirty-six_a thereby_o to_o make_v the_o lunar_a year_n complete_a which_o according_a to_o their_o computation_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty-four_a day_n harpocrat_n other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o those_o four_o supernumerary_a day_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o creation_n of_o magistrate_n and_o that_o during_o that_o time_n the_o athenian_n have_v no_o magistrate_n at_o all_o aâ—dâ—otian_n and_o therefore_o they_o call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d afterward_o when_o the_o tribe_n be_v increase_v to_o twelve_o every_o one_o of_o they_o preside_v a_o full_a month_n in_o the_o senate_n as_o we_o learn_v from_o pollux_n ix_o the_o time_n that_o every_o company_n of_o prytanes_n continue_v in_o their_o office_n be_v term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d during_o which_o they_o be_v excuse_v from_o all_o other_o public_a duty_n ult_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v other_o officer_n in_o the_o senate_n all_o which_o be_v elect_v by_o lot_n the_o first_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o precedent_n of_o the_o prytanes_n who_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o public_a seal_n and_o key_n of_o the_o public_a exchequer_n which_o be_v account_v a_o trust_n so_o great_a that_o no_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o enjoy_v it_o above_o one_o day_n or_o to_o be_v elect_v into_o it_o a_o second_o time_n viii_o every_o time_n the_o senate_n be_v assemble_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d appoint_v nine_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o lot_n elect_v one_o out_o of_o every_o tribe_n except_o that_o which_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o preside_v harpâ—â—r_n both_o of_o these_o be_v different_a from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o popular_a assembly_n one_o thing_n more_o there_o be_v remarkable_a in_o the_o election_n of_o senator_n that_o beside_o those_o who_o be_v immediate_o admit_v into_o the_o senate_n they_o choose_v subsidiaries_n who_o in_o case_n any_o of_o the_o senator_n be_v depose_v for_o maladministration_n or_o die_v before_o the_o expiration_n of_o their_o office_n shall_v without_o any_o far_a trouble_n supply_v their_o place_n and_o these_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hâ—rpocrat_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o prytanes_n consist_v chief_o in_o assemble_v the_o senate_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v do_v once_o every_o day_n festival_n only_o except_v and_o often_o if_o occasion_v require_v and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o give_v audience_n to_o all_o such_o as_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o propose_v that_o concern_v the_o commonwealth_n they_o constant_o resort_v to_o a_o common-hall_n near_o the_o senate-house_n call_v prytaneum_n in_o which_o they_o offer_v sacrifice_n and_o have_v their_o diet_n together_o pausaniaâ—_n if_o any_o man_n offer_v any_o thing_n that_o deserve_v to_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n they_o engrave_v it_o upon_o tablet_n that_o all_o the_o senator_n may_v beforehand_o be_v acquaint_v with_o what_o be_v to_o be_v discuss_v at_o their_o next_o meeting_n in_o which_o after_o the_o prytanes_n or_o epistata_n have_v propound_v the_o matter_n every_o man_n have_v liberty_n to_o declare_v his_o opinion_n and_o give_v his_o reason_n either_o for_o or_o against_o it_o this_o they_o do_v stand_v for_o it_o be_v every_o where_o observable_a in_o ancient_a author_n that_o no_o person_n of_o what_o rank_n or_o quality_n soever_o presume_v to_o speak_v sit_v and_o therefore_o whenever_o a_o poetical_a hero_n make_v a_o oration_n he_o be_v always_o first_o say_v to_o rise_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v homer_n and_o ovid_n to_o trouble_v you_o with_o no_o more_o instance_n mention_n the_o same_o custom_n surgit_fw-la ad_fw-la hos_fw-la clypei_fw-la dominus_fw-la sempâ—emplicis_fw-la ajax_n when_o all_o have_v do_v speak_v the_o business_n design_v to_o be_v pass_v into_o a_o decree_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o write_v by_o any_o of_o the_o prytanes_n or_o other_o senator_n and_o repeat_v open_o in_o the_o house_n nearam_n after_o which_o leave_v be_v give_v by_o the_o epistata_n or_o prytanes_n the_o senator_n proceed_v to_o vote_n which_o they_o do_v in_o private_a by_o cast_v bean_n into_o a_o vessel_n place_v there_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o bean_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n black_a and_o white_a and_o if_o the_o number_n of_o the_o former_a be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a the_o proposal_n be_v reject_v if_o of_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v enact_v into_o a_o decree_n ulpâ—anus_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o in_o the_o senate_n with_o a_o design_n to_o have_v it_o afterward_o propound_v to_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n that_o it_o may_v receive_v from_o they_o a_o far_a ratification_n without_o which_o it_o can_v not_o be_v pass_v into_o a_o law_n nor_o have_v any_o force_n or_o obligatory_a power_n after_o the_o end_n of_o that_o year_n which_o be_v the_o time_n that_o the_o senator_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o other_o magistrate_n lay_v down_o their_o commission_n the_o power_n of_o this_o council_n be_v very_o great_a almost_o the_o whole_a care_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v devolve_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o commonalty_n be_v by_o solon_n constitution_n invest_v with_o supreme_a power_n and_o entrust_v with_o the_o management_n of_o all_o affair_n as_o well_o public_a as_o private_a it_o be_v the_o peculiar_a charge_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o keep_v they_o within_o due_a bound_n to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o every_o thing_n before_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o they_o and_o to_o be_v careful_a that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v propound_v to_o they_o but_o what_o they_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n have_v find_v to_o be_v conducive_a to_o the_o public_a good_n and_o befide_v the_o care_n of_o the_o assembly_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o thing_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o this_o court_n as_o the_o account_n of_o magistrate_n at_o the_o expiration_n of_o their_o office_n viii_o and_o the_o care_n of_o poor_a person_n that_o be_v maintain_v by_o a_o allowance_n out_o of_o the_o public_a exchequer_n harpocration_n it_o be_v their_o business_n to_o appoint_v gaoler_n for_o the_o public_a prison_n and_o to_o examine_v and_o punish_v person_n accuse_v of_o such_o crime_n as_o be_v not_o forbid_v by_o any_o positive_a law_n pollux_n to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o look_v after_o the_o building_n of_o new_a man_n of_o war_n androtianam_fw-la with_o several_a other_o thing_n of_o great_a consequence_n now_o because_o those_o be_v place_n of_o great_a trust_n no_o man_n can_v be_v admit_v to_o they_o till_o he_o have_v undergon_v a_o strict_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o probation_n whereby_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n be_v inquire_v into_o and_o find_v to_o have_v be_v manage_v with_o credit_n and_o reputation_n else_o he_o be_v reject_v timarch_n and_o to_o lay_v the_o great_a obligation_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v require_v to_o take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n the_o substance_n whereof_o be_v this_o that_o they_o will_v in_o all_o their_o counsel_n endeavour_v to_o promote_v the_o public_a good_a and_o not_o advise_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n that_o they_o will_v sit_v as_o judge_n in_o what_o court_n soever_o they_o be_v elect_v to_o by_o lot_n for_o several_a of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v supply_v with_o judge_n out_o of_o the_o senate_n that_o they_o will_v never_o keep_v a_o athenian_a in_o bond_n that_o can_v give_v three_o surety_n of_o the_o same_o quality_n except_o such_o as_o have_v buy_v or_o collect_v or_o be_v engage_v as_o a_o surety_n for_o the_o public_a revenue_n and_o do_v not_o pay_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o such_o as_o be_v guilty_a of_o treasonable_a practice_n against_o the_o government_n but_o this_o as_o demosthenes_n interpret_v it_o must_v be_v understand_v only_o of_o criminal_n before_o their_o condemnation_n timocrat_n for_o to_o put_v they_o in_o fetter_n after_o sentence_n pass_v upon_o they_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n if_o any_o of_o the_o senator_n be_v convict_v of_o break_v his_o oath_n commit_v any_o injustice_n or_o behave_v himself_o otherwise_o than_o as_o become_v his_o order_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n expel_v he_o and_o substitute_v one_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o place_n this_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o leave_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o give_v their_o suffrage_n in_o the_o same_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d upon_o holiday_n they_o have_v a_o allowance_n of_o bread_n etc._n and_o beside_o other_o provision_n the_o ten_o of_o all_o the_o belly_n of_o animal_n offer_v in_o sacrifice_n be_v always_o reserve_v for_o they_o which_o if_o any_o man_n neglect_v to_o send_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o prytanes_n as_o we_o learn_v from_o aristophanes_n equiâ—ibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d your_o fraud_n i_o will_v to_o the_o prytanes_n disclose_v since_o you_o with_o sacrilegious_a stealth_n keep_v back_o the_o tithe_n of_o sacred_a victim_n belly_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o may_v be_v say_v about_o the_o honour_n confer_v after_o death_n upon_o such_o as_o have_v be_v eminent_o serviceable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o their_o funeral_n and_o the_o pious_a care_n of_o their_o memory_n but_o this_o i_o shall_v leave_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o not_o themselves_o only_o but_o their_o posterity_n reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o virtue_n for_o if_o any_o of_o their_o child_n be_v leave_v in_o a_o poor_a condition_n they_o seldom_o fail_v of_o obtain_v a_o plentiful_a provision_n from_o the_o public_a thus_o aristides_n two_o daughter_n be_v public_o marry_v out_o of_o the_o prytaneum_n the_o city_n decree_a each_o of_o they_o three-hundred_n drachm_n for_o her_o portion_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v wonder_v say_v my_o author_n that_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n shall_v take_v care_n of_o those_o that_o live_v in_o the_o city_n since_o hear_v that_o aristogiton_n granddaughter_n be_v in_o a_o low_a condition_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o lemnus_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o her_o poverty_n like_a to_o want_v husband_n they_o send_v for_o she_o to_o athens_n marry_v she_o to_o a_o person_n of_o considerable_a quality_n and_o bestow_v upon_o she_o a_o large_a farm_n as_o a_o dowry_n of_o which_o bounty_n and_o humanity_n say_v he_o this_o city_n of_o athens_n even_o in_o this_o age_n have_v give_v divers_a demonstration_n for_o which_o she_o be_v deserve_o have_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o admiration_n aristidâ—_n chapter_n xxv_o of_o the_o athenian_a law_n it_o be_v tully_n observation_n that_o most_o of_o the_o art_n and_o invention_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o management_n of_o human_a life_n owe_v their_o first_o original_a to_o the_o athenian_n from_o who_o they_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o greece_n and_o thence_o carry_v into_o foreign_a country_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o mankind_n but_o of_o all_o the_o invention_n common_o ascribe_v to_o they_o none_o have_v be_v of_o great_a or_o more_o general_a use_n to_o the_o world_n than_o that_o of_o law_n which_o as_o aelian_a xxxviii_o and_o other_o report_n be_v first_o establish_v in_o athens_n most_o other_a ingenious_a contrivance_n respect_v the_o conveniency_n of_o human_a life_n but_o upon_o this_o depend_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o all_o civil_a government_n and_o of_o all_o mutual_a society_n among_o man_n for_o by_o they_o the_o magistrate_n be_v direct_v how_o to_o govern_v and_o the_o people_n how_o far_o to_o obey_v the_o magistrate_n by_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o his_o authority_n over_o the_o people_n and_o the_o people_n too_o by_o they_o be_v secure_v from_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n and_o unreasonable_a demand_n of_o the_o magistrate_n as_o well_o as_o from_o the_o fraud_n violence_n and_o oppression_n of_o each_o other_o the_o poet_n tell_v we_o that_o ceres_n be_v the_o first_o that_o teach_v the_o athenian_n the_o use_n of_o law_n in_o memory_n of_o which_o benefit_n they_o celebrate_v the_o festival_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o she_o be_v worship_v by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o exact_o answer_v to_o the_o latin_a name_n of_o legifera_n in_o virgil_n 57_o mactant_fw-la lectas_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it bidentes_fw-la legiferae_fw-la cereri_fw-la to_o ceres_n who_o first_o show_v the_o use_n of_o law_n they_o offer_v lamb_n cull_v out_o of_o bleat_a flock_n some_o of_o the_o law_n of_o her_o favourite_n triptolemus_n be_v still_o extant_a and_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o they_o in_o another_o place_n but_o to_o pass_v by_o poetical_a and_o groundless_a fiction_n thus_o much_o be_v certain_a and_o evident_a viz._n that_o the_o athenian_n be_v govern_v by_o law_n before_o the_o dissolution_n of_o their_o monarchy_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v from_o what_o plutarch_n relate_v of_o theseus_n viz._n that_o when_o he_o divest_v himself_o of_o sovereign_a power_n and_o establish_v a_o commonwealth_n in_o athens_n one_o of_o the_o prerogative_n that_o he_o think_v fit_a still_o to_o retain_v be_v the_o custody_n or_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n the_o first_o that_o give_v law_n to_o the_o athenian_n after_o theseus_n time_n be_v draco_n who_o be_v archon_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o thirty-ninth_a olympiad_n his_o law_n aelian_a x._o tell_v we_o be_v proper_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o be_v remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o their_o unreasonable_a severity_n for_o by_o they_o every_o little_a offence_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o he_o that_o steal_v a_o apple_n be_v proceed_v against_o with_o no_o less_o rigour_n than_o he_o that_o have_v betray_v his_o country_n but_o these_o extremity_n can_v not_o last_v long_o the_o people_n soon_o grow_v weary_a of_o they_o and_o therefore_o though_o they_o be_v not_o abrogate_a yet_o by_o a_o tacit_n consent_n they_o be_v lay_v asleep_a till_o solon_n the_o next_o lawgiver_n repeal_v they_o all_o except_o those_o that_o concern_v murder_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o people_n power_n to_o make_v what_o alteration_n he_o think_v necessary_a new_a model_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o institute_v a_o great_a many_o useful_a and_o excellent_a law_n which_o to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o draco_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o least_o through_o the_o connivance_n of_o the_o magistrate_n they_o shall_v in_o time_n be_v neglect_v like_o those_o of_o his_o predecessor_n he_o cause_v the_o senate_n to_o take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n to_o observe_v they_o and_o every_o one_o of_o the_o thesmothetae_n vow_v that_o if_o he_o violate_v any_o of_o the_o statute_n he_o will_v dedicate_v a_o golden_a statue_n as_o big_a as_o himself_o to_o the_o delphian_a apollo_n and_o the_o people_n he_o oblige_v to_o observe_v they_o for_o a_o hundred_o year_n cit_fw-la but_o all_o this_o care_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o preserve_v his_o law_n from_o the_o innovation_n of_o lawless_a and_o ambitious_a man_n for_o short_o after_o pisistratus_n so_o far_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o the_o people_n favour_n that_o the_o democracy_n institute_v by_o solon_n be_v dissolve_v and_o himself_o invest_v with_o sovereign_a power_n which_o at_o his_o death_n he_o leave_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o his_o son_n who_o maintain_v it_o for_o some_o year_n and_o though_o pisistratus_n himself_o as_o plutarch_n report_v solone_o and_o his_o son_n after_o he_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n govern_v according_a to_o solon_n direction_n yet_o they_o follow_v they_o not_o as_o law_n to_o which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o conform_v their_o action_n but_o rather_o seem_v to_o have_v use_v they_o as_o wise_a and_o prudent_a counsel_n and_o vary_v from_o they_o whenever_o they_o find_v they_o interfere_v with_o their_o interest_n or_o inclination_n pisistratus_n family_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o attica_n clisthenes_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o restore_v solon_n constitution_n and_o enact_v many_o new_a law_n areopag_fw-mi which_o continue_v in_o force_n till_o the_o peloponnesian_a war_n in_o which_o the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v change_v first_o by_o the_o four-hundred_n and_o then_o by_o the_o thirty_o tyrant_n these_o storm_n be_v over_o the_o ancient_a law_n be_v again_o restore_v in_o the_o archonship_n of_o euclides_n and_o other_o establish_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o diocles_n aristophon_n and_o other_o lead_a man_n of_o the_o city_n last_o of_o all_o demetrius_z the_o phalerean_a be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n of_o athens_n by_o the_o macedonian_n be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o great_a many_o new_a but_o very_o beneficial_a and_o laudable_a constitution_n aristide_n these_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a legislator_n of_o athens_n before_o they_o submit_v to_o the_o roman_a yoke_n two_o other_o be_v mention_v by_o suidas_n viz._n thales_n and_o aeschylus_n but_o be_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o other_o author_n beside_o these_o the_o athenian_n have_v a_o great_a many_o other_o law_n enact_v upon_o particular_a occasion_n and_o exigency_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o
people_n for_o i_o shall_v not_o in_o this_o place_n speak_v of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o decree_v enact_v by_o the_o senate_n because_o they_o be_v not_o settle_v and_o constant_a law_n but_o only_o as_o it_o be_v so_o many_o proclamation_n which_o be_v enact_v by_o no_o great_a authority_n than_o that_o of_o the_o senator_n who_o power_n be_v only_o annual_a lose_v all_o their_o force_n and_o obligation_n when_o their_o office_n expire_v the_o manner_n of_o make_v a_o law_n be_v thus_o when_o any_o man_n have_v contrive_v any_o thing_n that_o he_o think_v may_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o first_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o prytanes_n who_o be_v certain_a officer_n appoint_v to_o receive_v all_o sort_n of_o information_n of_o thing_n that_o concern_v the_o public_a the_o prytanes_n than_o call_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o which_o the_o new_a project_n be_v propose_v after_o mature_a deliberation_n be_v reject_v if_o it_o appear_v hurtful_a or_o unserviceable_a if_o not_o be_v agree_v to_o and_o then_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d then_o the_o prytanes_n take_v a_o tablet_n and_o write_v upon_o it_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v to_o be_v enact_v into_o a_o law_n and_o the_o time_n in_o which_o â—he_v people_n be_v to_o meet_v in_o a_o public_a assembly_n and_o determine_v it_o and_o â—his_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d no_o law_n be_v to_o be_v propose_v to_o the_o assembly_n except_o it_o have_v be_v write_v upon_o a_o white_a tablet_n and_o fix_v up_o some_o day_n before_o the_o assembly_n at_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o hero_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o so_o all_o the_o citizen_n may_v read_v what_o be_v to_o be_v propose_v at_o their_o next_o meeting_n and_o be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o more_o deliberate_a judgement_n upon_o it_o when_o the_o multitude_n be_v come_v together_o thâ—_n decree_n be_v read_v and_o every_o man_n have_v liberty_n to_o speak_v his_o mind_n about_o the_o whole_a or_o any_o clause_n of_o it_o and_o if_o after_o due_a consultation_n the_o populacy_n think_v it_o inconvenient_a it_o be_v reject_v if_o they_o approve_v of_o it_o it_o pass_v into_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o as_o we_o learn_v from_o demosthenes_n be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o their_o obligation_n but_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o general_a and_o everlasting_a rule_n whereas_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d respect_v particular_a time_n place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n alibi_fw-la no_o man_n without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caution_n and_o a_o thorough_a understanding_n of_o the_o former_a law_n and_o constitution_n dare_v presume_v to_o propose_v a_o new_a one_o the_o danger_n be_v very_o great_a if_o it_o suit_v not_o with_o the_o custom_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n eudemus_n a_o cydiathenian_a be_v say_v to_o have_v lose_v his_o life_n on_o that_o account_n be_v make_v a_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o multitude_n not_o much_o unlike_o this_o severity_n be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o zaleucus_n the_o locrian_a lawgiver_n by_o which_o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o whosoever_o propose_v the_o enact_v of_o a_o new_a law_n or_o the_o abrogation_n of_o a_o old_a one_o shall_v come_v into_o the_o assembly_n with_o a_o halter_n about_o his_o neck_n and_o in_o that_o dress_n give_v his_o reason_n for_o what_o he_o propose_v which_o if_o they_o be_v think_v good_a and_o sufficient_a his_o proposal_n be_v embrace_v if_o not_o he_o straightway_o pour_v out_o his_o soul_n under_o the_o hangman_n hand_n but_o the_o athenian_n be_v not_o quite_o so_o rigid_a except_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o the_o giddy_a multitude_n be_v hurry_v on_o with_o unusual_a rage_n and_o vehemence_n as_o happen_v in_o eudemus_n case_n yet_o if_o any_o man_n establish_v a_o law_n that_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o may_v be_v call_v in_o question_n and_o bring_v to_o trial_n for_o it_o any_o time_n within_o the_o space_n of_o one_o year_n but_o if_o he_o be_v let_v alone_o any_o long_o the_o law_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o he_o in_o these_o case_n especial_o a_o writ_n for_o transgress_v the_o law_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d may_v take_v hold_n of_o he_o first_o if_o he_o have_v not_o take_v care_n to_o publish_v his_o proposal_n in_o due_a time_n second_o if_o he_o propose_v it_o in_o ambiguous_a and_o fallacious_a term_n three_o if_o he_o propose_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o any_o of_o the_o former_a and_o receive_v law_n and_o therefore_o if_o any_o of_o the_o old_a law_n be_v find_v to_o oppose_v what_o they_o design_v to_o offer_v they_o always_o take_v care_n to_o have_v they_o repeal_v beforehand_o jidem_fw-la because_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o caution_n it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o new_a law_n be_v enact_v contrary_a to_o the_o old_a it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o thesmâ—thetae_n shall_v once_o every_o year_n careful_o peruse_v the_o law_n and_o if_o they_o find_v any_o of_o they_o oppose_v another_o it_o be_v to_o be_v propose_v to_o the_o people_n who_o be_v to_o proceed_v about_o it_o in_o the_o method_n that_o be_v use_v in_o abrogate_a other_o law_n and_o so_o one_o of_o the_o law_n make_v void_a in_o other_o case_n it_o be_v unlawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o endeavour_v to_o have_v any_o law_n repeal_v without_o prefer_v a_o new_a one_o in_o its_o place_n now_o because_o the_o change_n of_o time_n and_o other_o circumstance_n may_v make_v a_o great_a many_o alteration_n in_o affair_n and_o ordinance_n that_o have_v former_o be_v useful_a and_o necessary_a by_o the_o different_a state_n of_o thing_n become_v unprofitable_a and_o perhaps_o inconvenient_a and_o prejudicial_a it_o be_v ordain_v by_o solon_n that_o once_o every_o year_n the_o law_n shall_v be_v careful_o revise_v and_o examine_v and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o be_v find_v unsuitable_a to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n it_o shall_v be_v repeal_v this_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o manner_n of_o give_v their_o suffrage_n by_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n the_o method_n of_o do_v it_o be_v thus_o on_o the_o eleven_o day_n of_o the_o month_n hecatombaeon_n after_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v according_a to_o custom_n make_v a_o solemn_a prayer_n before_o the_o assembly_n the_o law_n be_v read_v over_o in_o this_o order_n first_o those_o that_o concern_v the_o senate_n then_o those_o that_o respect_v the_o people_n the_o nine_o archon_n and_o then_o the_o other_o magistrate_n in_o their_o order_n this_o be_v do_v it_o be_v demand_v whether_o the_o law_n then_o in_o be_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o if_o it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o they_o the_o consideration_n be_v differ_v till_o the_o four_o of_o metagitnion_n upon_o which_o day_n be_v the_o last_o ordinary_a assembly_n under_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o prytanes_n as_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o law_n have_v be_v at_o the_o first_o in_o all_o this_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o law_n concern_v such_o matter_n be_v nice_o and_o punctual_o observe_v and_o the_o prytanes_n and_o proedri_n severe_o punish_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v omit_v upon_o the_o first_o of_o metagitnion_n another_o assembly_n be_v call_v and_o the_o prâ—edri_n report_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o people_n who_o do_v not_o proceed_v to_o the_o determination_n of_o it_o themselves_o but_o substitute_v the_o nomothetae_n to_o do_v it_o and_o appoint_v five_o orator_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o patronize_v the_o ancient_a law_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n if_o the_o call_n of_o this_o assembly_n be_v neglect_v the_o prytanes_n by_o solon_n command_n have_v a_o fine_a of_o a_o thousand_o drachm_n lay_v upon_o each_o of_o they_o and_o the_o proedri_n one_o of_o four-hundred_n all_o which_o the_o thesmothetae_n be_v oblige_v to_o see_v pay_v into_o the_o treasury_n of_o minerva_n temple_n in_o the_o citadel_n but_o in_o case_n they_o refuse_v the_o thesmothetae_n be_v to_o bring_v a_o indictment_n against_o they_o at_o the_o court_n of_o heliaea_n which_o if_o they_o neglect_v to_o do_v themselves_o be_v to_o be_v deny_v admission_n into_o the_o areopagus_n to_o return_v the_o nomothetae_n have_v hear_v what_o the_o orator_n can_v say_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o old_a law_n give_v their_o opinion_n according_o and_o their_o sentence_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o people_n in_o the_o follow_a assembly_n jidem_fw-la solon_n and_o after_o his_o example_n the_o rest_n of_o those_o that_o enact_v law_n in_o athens_n commit_v their_o law_n to_o writing_n differ_v herein_o from_o lycurgus_n and_o