have_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v though_o afar_o off_o the_o barbarity_n and_o ignorance_n it_o which_o after_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v spread_v itself_o over_o the_o western_a part_n for_o bad_a ware_n be_v best_a vent_v in_o the_o dark_a or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o dim_a light_n and_o a_o ignorant_a person_n be_v soon_o prevail_v upon_o to_o believe_v ridiculous_a story_n than_o a_o wise_a man_n verse_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o science_n there_o be_v several_a cause_n ignorance_n which_o promote_v this_o barbarity_n which_o do_v degenerate_a afterward_o into_o the_o worst_a sort_n of_o pedantry_n whereas_o the_o former_a age_n have_v be_v sufficient_o instruct_v with_o learned_a men._n one_o of_o the_o principal_a one_o be_v the_o invasion_n make_v upon_o the_o western_a province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o those_o nation_n who_o tho_o sufficient_o brave_a be_v ignorant_a of_o learning_n which_o occasion_v for_o one_o or_o two_o age_n after_o great_a change_n in_o the_o government_n bloody_a war_n horrible_a disorder_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o learn_v be_v the_o product_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n it_o be_v little_o regard_v in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o during_o the_o distraction_n of_o a_o state_n since_o then_o there_o be_v but_o little_a leisure_n time_n give_v for_o the_o use_n of_o book_n the_o school_n be_v common_o destroy_v and_o the_o teacher_n oblige_v to_o make_v shift_n where_o best_o they_o can_v a_o musket_n be_v at_o such_o time_n of_o more_o use_n than_o a_o school_n satchel_n the_o schoolmaster_n especial_o be_v force_v to_o shut_v up_o shop_n at_o such_o time_n if_o the_o victorious_a enemy_n be_v ignorant_a of_o learning_n and_o make_v no_o account_n of_o book_n there_o be_v also_o some_o who_o affirm_v that_o the_o clergy_n be_v accessary_a to_o this_o barbarism_n for_o because_o the_o philosopher_n have_v under_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n prove_v very_o mischievous_a to_o they_o and_o afterward_o under_o the_o christian_a emperor_n continue_v to_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o clergyman_n especial_o these_o have_v conceive_v such_o a_o hatred_n against_o philosophy_n and_o against_o all_o such_o as_o profess_v it_o that_o they_o not_o only_o infuse_v the_o same_o into_o their_o auditor_n but_o also_o remove_v out_o of_o the_o school_n and_o take_v from_o the_o young_a student_n who_o be_v commit_v to_o their_o care_n the_o pagan_a author_n under_o pretence_n that_o they_o may_v otherwise_o be_v again_o infect_v with_o the_o erroneous_a principle_n of_o the_o pagan_n and_o that_o it_o can_v not_o but_o be_v sinful_a for_o christian_n to_o read_v such_o book_n as_o be_v fill_v every_o where_o with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pagan-idol_n which_o they_o will_v not_o have_v as_o much_o as_o name_v by_o christian_n they_o relate_v a_o story_n concern_v s._n hierom_n how_o that_o he_o be_v whip_v in_o a_o vision_n with_o rod_n dream_n because_o he_o use_v frequent_o to_o read_v the_o work_n of_o cicero_n and_o about_o the_o year_n 400._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o council_n of_o carthage_n forbid_v the_o bishop_n the_o read_n of_o pagan_a author_n and_o learn_v be_v in_o those_o miserable_a time_n become_v almost_o useless_a except_o to_o those_o who_o intend_v to_o profess_v divinity_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o learning_n be_v lodge_v therefore_o among_o the_o clergy_n the_o main_a institution_n in_o the_o school_n be_v only_o direct_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o young_a disciple_n be_v not_o very_o forward_o to_o dive_v much_o into_o the_o secret_n of_o ancient_a learning_n and_o that_o ignorance_n and_o barbarism_n have_v great_o promote_v the_o establishment_n of_o popery_n be_v evident_a enough_o to_o those_o who_o will_v consider_v that_o in_o a_o learned_a age_n those_o decretal_n which_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o first_o pope_n can_v never_o have_v pass_v muster_n which_o nevertheless_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o persuade_v the_o people_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v exercise_v a_o authority_n from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o christianity_n to_o prescribe_v law_n ot_fw-mi the_o christian_a world_n but_o when_o afterward_o the_o time_n prove_v more_o favourable_a in_o europe_n school_n and_o the_o pope_n perceive_v that_o some_o among_o the_o most_o considerable_a nation_n of_o europe_n can_v not_o be_v long_o keep_v in_o a_o gross_a ignorance_n they_o introduce_v into_o the_o school_n over_o which_o they_o have_v assume_v the_o supreme_a direction_n the_o most_o miserable_a sort_n of_o pedantry_n which_o be_v also_o maintain_v by_o their_o creature_n with_o great_a earnestness_n in_o their_o school_n to_o this_o very_a day_n but_o above_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o policy_n have_v have_v a_o main_a stroke_n in_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o popery_n for_o want_v of_o which_o they_o be_v not_o then_o due_o instruct_v concern_v the_o foundation_n nature_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n and_o that_o no_o state_n can_v be_v esteem_v well_o establish_v where_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n be_v either_o divide_v or_o diminish_v monarchy_n and_o the_o grecian_a and_o roman_a politician_n themselves_o have_v divulge_v most_o pernicious_a doctrine_n concern_v the_o division_n and_o mixture_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n whereby_o they_o have_v enamour_v the_o people_n with_o a_o aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a sort_n of_o government_n but_o infuse_v into_o they_o such_o a_o hatred_n against_o monarchy_n that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a maxim_n among_o they_o that_o the_o more_o they_o can_v encroach_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o more_o it_o must_v turn_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o state_n in_o this_o pernicious_a opinion_n a_o great_a many_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o tyrannical_a proceed_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v mortal_o hate_v by_o most_o of_o their_o subject_n it_o be_v therefore_o no_o great_a wonder_n that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o general_a ignorance_n the_o knowledge_n of_o true_a policy_n be_v not_o teach_v among_o the_o christian_a clergy_n since_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v repugnant_a to_o their_o profession_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o by_o degree_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n be_v lay_v few_o do_v thorough_o understand_v of_o what_o consequence_n this_o undertake_n be_v and_o how_o prejudicial_a it_o will_v prove_v to_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n when_o ever_o it_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o we_o see_v even_o to_o this_o day_n that_o in_o those_o school_n which_o be_v under_o the_o care_n of_o the_o popish_a clergy_n the_o principle_n of_o true_a policy_n be_v either_o neglect_v or_o at_o least_o so_o disfigure_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v hurtful_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n but_o rather_o serve_v to_o support_v it_o §_o monarchy_n 15._o but_o the_o chief_a reason_n why_o rome_n be_v choose_v for_o the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o this_o city_n have_v a_o particular_a prerogative_n of_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n where_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o first_o have_v its_o râ—se_n and_o increase_v for_o what_o be_v relate_v concern_v s._n peter_n chair_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o vain_a pretence_n which_o may_v be_v easy_o see_v from_o thence_o that_o afterward_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n have_v the_o next_o place_n assign_v he_o after_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n only_o because_o that_o city_n be_v then_o the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o new_a rome_n and_o when_o afterward_o the_o western_a roman_a empire_n be_v come_v to_o decay_v and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n have_v lose_v its_o former_a lustre_n the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n dispute_v the_o precedency_n with_o the_o roman_a bishop_n after_o the_o persecution_n which_o the_o christian_n have_v endure_v under_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n be_v cease_v and_o they_o afterward_o enjoy_v their_o full_a liberty_n the_o clergy_n begin_v under_o pretence_n of_o introduce_v a_o wholesome_a order_n in_o the_o church_n to_o establish_v a_o particular_a sort_n of_o government_n or_o hierarchy_n the_o bishop_n have_v then_o begin_v to_o claim_v a_o great_a prerogative_n above_o the_o priest_n the_o bishop_n also_o be_v make_v subordinate_a to_o one_o another_o so_o that_o common_o the_o inspection_n over_o the_o bishop_n in_o a_o certain_a province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n metropolitan_n who_o be_v then_o call_v metropolitan_n do_v afterward_o viz._n about_o the_o eight_o century_n most_o of_o they_o assume_v the_o name_n of_o archbishop_n four_o of_o they_o be_v most_o eminent_a above_o
first_o church_n the_o calumny_n against_o the_o primitive_a christian_n the_o politic_a reason_n of_o the_o roman_n against_o it_o the_o first_o church_n government_n what_o persuasion_n arise_v thence_o constantine_n can_v not_o quite_o alter_v the_o former_a state_n of_o the_o church_n of_o make_v bishop_n of_o preside_v in_o council_n abuse_n in_o the_o councilâ—_n of_o the_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n concern_v marriage_n concern_v excommunication_n the_o origin_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n barbarity_n and_o ignorance_n contribute_v to_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o ignorance_n s._n hierom_n dream_n the_o pedantry_n introduce_v into_o the_o school_n the_o greek_a and_o roman_a politician_n prejudicial_a to_o monarchy_n why_o rome_n be_v make_v the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n metropolitan_n patriarch_n of_o the_o pope_n power_n further_o increase_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n what_o contribute_v to_o it_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o bishop_n of_o the_o monk_n winifred_n annal_n riches_n of_o the_o church_n the_o policy_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o crusade_n multitude_n of_o ecclesiastic_n friar_n and_o nuâ—â—_n mendicant_n the_o motive_n to_o embrace_v this_o manner_n of_o life_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o regular_a clergy_n how_o the_o church_n be_v free_v from_o all_o power_n over_o it_o how_o the_o pope_n withdraw_v themselves_o from_o their_o subjction_n to_o the_o emperor_n the_o pope_n seek_v for_o protection_n in_o france_n the_o pope_n withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n pope_n gregory_n excommunicate_v hen_n iu._n the_o pope_n endeavour_v to_o subject_v the_o emperor_n 1122._o dispute_n in_o england_n about_o the_o investiture_n of_o bishop_n 1107._o the_o pope_n prâ—tends_v to_o a_o power_n over_o prince_n even_o to_o depose_v they_o how_o they_o colour_n over_o this_o power_n the_o papal_a authority_n oppose_v the_o schism_n much_o weaken_v their_o power_n 1433._o hence_o a_o occasion_n take_v to_o bridle_v the_o pope_n power_n by_o general_a council_n concern_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v transfer_v to_o avignon_n luther_n give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o virtue_n and_o fault_n of_o leo._n luther_n oppose_v indulgence_n afterward_o the_o pope_n power_n the_o circumstance_n of_o these_o time_n the_o ignorance_n of_o luther_n adversary_n erasmus_n favour_v luther_n the_o prince_n of_o germany_n dissatisfy_v with_o the_o pope_n the_o ill_a conduct_n of_o leo_n and_o cardinal_n cajetan_n why_o the_o doctrine_n of_o luther_n be_v not_o spread_v far_o division_n among_o the_o protestant_n the_o licentiousness_n of_o some_o protestant_n the_o university_n of_o paris_n zwinglius_fw-la and_o calvin_n the_o popish_a sovereignty_n recover_v the_o bishop_n priest_n and_o monk_n more_o regular_a and_o learned_a than_o heretofore_o how_o they_o make_v convert_v the_o house_n of_o austria_n most_o zealous_a for_o popery_n the_o temporal_a state_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o dominion_n his_o force_n how_o he_o stand_v with_o relation_n to_o germany_n spain_n and_o france_n particular_a constitution_n of_o the_o popish_a monarchy_n as_o spiritual_n why_o the_o popish_a sovereignty_n be_v to_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o monarchy_n way_n it_o must_v be_v a_o elective_a monarchy_n why_o the_o pope_n be_v to_o live_v in_o a_o state_n of_o celibacy_n the_o conclave_n what_o qualification_n be_v necessary_a for_o one_o that_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v pope_n college_n of_o the_o cardinal_n the_o pope_n enrich_v thâ—ir_a kindred_n cardinal_n patroon_n concern_v the_o celibacy_n of_o the_o popish_a clergy_n their_o number_n the_o popish_a doctrine_n suit_v to_o the_o sâ—â—e_z as_o that_o of_o the_o pope_n power_n the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o laietya_n read_v the_o scripturea_n tradition_n venial_a and_o mortal_a sin_n penance_n merit_n of_o good_a work_n ceremony_n half_a communion_n marriage_n make_v a_o sacrament_n extreme_a unction_n purgatory_n relic_n prayer_n to_o saint_n the_o university_n have_v promote_v the_o popish_a sovereignty_n why_o the_o jesuit_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o education_n of_o the_o youth_n licens_v of_o book_n excommunication_n and_o inquisition_n some_o reason_n why_o the_o people_n remain_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n what_o state_n be_v tie_v by_o a_o particular_a interest_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n italy_n poland_n portugal_n germany_n spain_n france_n formality_n observe_v by_o the_o nuncio_n '_o be_v in_o france_n the_o main_a pillar_n of_o the_o popish_a monarchy_n the_o pope_n inclination_n towards_o the_o protestant_n no_o peace_n be_v to_o be_v expect_a betwixt_o the_o roman_a catholic_n and_o protestant_n strength_n of_o the_o protestant_n and_o papist_n division_n of_o the_o protestant_n other_o inconvenience_n the_o hugonoâ—s_n of_o france_n to_o protestant_n of_o poland_n of_o germany_n the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o reform_a religion_n whether_o the_o lutheran_n and_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a religion_n be_v likely_a to_o agree_v socinian_o and_o anabaptist_n sweden_n the_o most_o ancient_a kingdom_n in_o europe_n first_o founder_n of_o the_o gothick_n nation_n othin_n or_o woden_n frotho_n battle_n fight_v near_o brovalla_fw-la ingellus_fw-la bero._n a._n c._n 829._o the_o christian_a doctrine_n first_o teach_v in_o sweden_n amund_n olaus_n a._n c._n 853._o ingo_n a._n c._n 890._o erick_n erick_n seghersell_a stenchill_n the_o mild._n olaus_n the_o swede_n and_o goth_n unite_v in_o one_o kingdom_n amund_n amund_n slemme_fw-fr haquin_n the_o red._n stenchill_n ingo_n the_o pious_a halstan_n a._n c._n 1086._o philip._n ingo_n a._n c._n 1138._o ragwold_n knaphofde_v swercher_fw-fr ii_o erick_n the_o holy_a a._n c._n 1154._o 1160._o charles_n the_o son_n of_o swercher_n 1168._o cnut_n erickson_n swercher_fw-fr iii_o 1207._o 1208._o 1210._o erick_n cnutson_n 1219._o erick_n lespe_fw-fr celibacy_n of_o clergy_n introduce_v in_o sweden_n 1250._o waldemar_n 1251._o 1263._o 1266._o 1275._o magnus_fw-la 1279._o 1288._o 1290._o birger_n ii_o 1292._o 1298._o 1303._o 1305._o 1308._o 1317._o 1319._o magnus_n smocck_n 1357._o 1361._o 1363._o albert_n duke_n of_o mecklenburgh_n 1364._o 1365._o 1371._o 1376._o margaret_n 12._o sept._n 1388._o the_o battle_n of_o talâ—oping_v 1394._o 1395._o erick_n duke_n of_o pomerania_n union_n make_v at_o calmar_n betwixt_o sweden_n denmark_n and_o norway_n 1396._o 1410._o 1412._o charles_n cnutson_n 1436._o 1437._o christopher_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n 1439._o 1448._o charles_n cnutson_n christian_n 1_n 1458._o 1464._o erick_n axelson_n 1466._o 1468._o 1470._o 1471._o 1481._o john_n ii_o 1497._o 1503._o 1504_o 1511._o steen_n stir_v the_o young_a 1512._o 1513._o 1520._o gustavus_n i._n 1523._o reformation_n begin_v in_o sweden_n first_o translation_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n into_o swedish_n 1527._o church_n land_n reduce_v in_o sweden_n 1528._o the_o protestant_a religion_n establish_v in_o sweden_n 1533._o 1542._o 1544._o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n make_v hereditary_a and_o the_o popish_a religion_n abolish_v 1556._o 1559._o eriâ—k_n fourteen_o 1561._o the_o title_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n introduce_v john_n iii_o 1568._o 1571._o war_n with_o the_o moscovite_n 1577._o new_a liturgy_n introduce_v 1582._o 1587._o 1592._o sigismond_n 1594._o 1598._o 1599_o 1600._o sigismond_n depose_v 1604._o charles_n ix_o warbetwixt_n the_o swede_n and_o pole_n in_o livonia_n 1611._o gustavus_n adolphus_n 1613._o peace_n with_o the_o muscovite_n 1617._o 1617._o 1620._o 1626._o the_o war_n carry_v on_o against_o the_o pole_n in_o prussia_n 1627._o 1629._o truce_n with_o poland_n german_a war._n 1626._o 1623._o 1630._o charles_n gustave_n land_n with_o his_o force_n in_o germany_n 1631._o alliance_n make_v with_o france_n the_o city_n of_o magdeburgh_n take_v by_o the_o imperialist_n 10_o may._n battle_n near_o leipzick_n 7._o sept._n 1637._o battle_n near_o lutzen_n nou._n 6._o king_n gustave_n adolfe_n kill_v christina_n 1633._o 1634._o aug._n 27._o battle_n of_o nordlingen_n truce_n prolong_v with_o the_o pole_n war_n betwixt_o the_o swede_n and_o elector_n of_o saxony_n 1637._o 1638._o alliance_n with_o france_n 1641._o may_v 10._o 1642._o battle_n fight_v near_o leipzick_n oct._n 23._o war_n with_o denmark_n 1644._o 1645._o peace_n with_o denmark_n 1643._o july_n 16._o peace_n make_v at_o munster_n and_o osnabrug_n 1654._o jun._n 6._o charles_n gustave_n the_o war_n with_o poland_n renew_v 1656._o war_n with_o denmark_n 1658._o siege_n of_o copenhagen_n battle_n in_o tuhnen_a 1666._o charles_n ix_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o pole_n may_v 3_o may_v 23._o peace_n make_v with_o denmark_n 1674._o the_o swede_n rout_v by_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n 1678._o the_o nature_n and_o qualification_n of_o the_o swedish_n nation_n condition_n of_o the_o country_n and_o its_o strength_n neighbour_n of_o sweden_n muscovite_n pole_n germany_n denmark_n france_n holland_n england_n spain_n and_o portugal_n
of_o germany_n but_o especial_o in_o thuringia_n and_o friezland_n this_o man_n to_o acquire_v the_o great_a authority_n to_o himself_o have_v entire_o devote_v himself_o to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o roman_a chair_n from_o whence_o he_o receive_v the_o episcopal_a pall_n and_o the_o title_n of_o archbishop_n of_o mayence_n have_v also_o be_v constitute_v by_o pope_n gregory_n iii_o his_o vicar_n with_o full_a power_n to_o call_v council_n and_o to_o constitute_v bishop_n in_o those_o place_n which_o be_v by_o his_o assistance_n convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o with_o ample_a recommendation_n to_o those_o nation_n and_o to_o charles_n martel_n the_o then_o grand_a master_n of_o france_n that_o he_o shall_v take_v he_o into_o his_o protection_n which_o he_o very_o willing_o do_v and_o when_o afterward_o his_o son_n carlomannus_fw-la show_v a_o great_a forwardness_n to_o have_v the_o church_n discipline_n regulate_v boniface_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o this_o office_n to_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o roman_a chair_n he_o also_o at_o the_o request_n of_o carlomannus_fw-la call_v a_o council_n in_o germany_n and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o pepin_n several_a synod_n in_o france_n where_o boniface_n always_o be_v precedent_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o legate_n of_o the_o roman_a chair_n in_o the_o first_o council_n the_o clergy_n sign_v a_o certain_a confession_n of_o faith_n whereby_o they_o oblige_v themselves_o not_o only_o to_o maintain_v the_o catholic_n faith_n but_o also_o to_o remain_v in_o constant_a union_n with_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o to_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o successor_n of_o s._n peter_n this_o boniface_n also_o be_v the_o first_o who_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o bishop_n of_o germany_n to_o receive_v the_o episcopal_a pall_n from_o the_o pope_n who_o send_v it_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o france_n without_o their_o request_n thereby_o to_o unite_v they_o with_o the_o roman_a chair_n and_o when_o once_o these_o ornament_n be_v become_v customary_a among_o they_o they_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o afterward_o as_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o the_o episcopal_a function_n be_v forbid_v to_o be_v exercise_v by_o they_o before_o they_o have_v receive_v these_o ornament_n beside_o this_o annal_n the_o pope_n assume_v to_o themselves_o a_o authority_n of_o give_v leave_n to_o the_o bishop_n to_o remove_v from_o one_o episcopal_n see_v to_o another_o and_o oblige_v all_o the_o western_a bishop_n to_o receive_v their_o confirmation_n from_o rome_n for_o which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n which_o be_v since_o convert_v to_o annal_n the_o pope_n also_o by_o make_v void_a the_o decision_n of_o the_o provincial_a synod_n or_o assembly_n overthrow_v their_o authority_n wherefore_o when_o every_o body_n plain_o perceive_v that_o the_o decree_n of_o these_o assembly_n can_v produce_v no_o other_o effect_n but_o to_o be_v continual_o annul_v by_o the_o pope_n without_o as_o much_o as_o harken_v to_o any_o reason_n they_o be_v by_o degree_n quite_o abolish_v pope_n gregory_n vii_o also_o force_v the_o bishop_n to_o swear_v a_o oath_n of_o fealty_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o by_o a_o decree_n forbid_v that_o none_o shall_v dare_v to_o condemn_v any_o one_o that_o have_v appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n they_o be_v also_o not_o forgetful_a in_o send_v legate_n or_o nuncios_fw-la to_o all_o place_n who_o business_n be_v to_o exercise_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o same_o authority_n which_o have_v former_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n metropolitan_n and_o provincial_a assembly_n §_o 17._o church_n this_o grow_a ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n be_v the_o more_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n the_o more_o the_o church_n daily_o increase_v both_o in_o number_n and_o riches_n the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o church_n be_v lay_v by_o the_o liberality_n and_o charity_n of_o prince_n and_o other_o great_a man_n who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o do_v a_o very_a agreeable_a service_n to_o god_n almighty_a if_o they_o be_v liberal_a and_o bounteous_a towards_o his_o church_n and_o the_o clergy_n and_o after_o they_o have_v once_o persuade_v the_o people_n that_o by_o do_v good_a work_n among_o which_o the_o gift_n and_o donation_n for_o pious_a use_n have_v the_o first_o place_n they_o can_v and_o must_v deserve_v heaven_n from_o god_n almighty_a this_o liberality_n be_v increase_v to_o a_o high_a degree_n yet_o the_o voluntary_a contribution_n of_o the_o people_n not_o be_v able_a to_o satisfy_v the_o avarice_n of_o the_o clergy_n which_o increase_v together_o with_o their_o riches_n other_o way_n and_o artifices_fw-la be_v find_v out_o to_o empty_a the_o people_n purse_n and_o a_o great_a many_o unnecessary_a institution_n introduce_v which_o be_v to_o be_v purchase_v for_o money_n then_o it_o be_v that_o the_o say_n of_o mass_n for_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a purgatory_n indulgence_n dispensation_n pilgrimage_n jubilee_n and_o the_o like_a be_v introduce_v without_o measure_n they_o have_v beside_o this_o always_o a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o such_o as_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n since_o they_o know_v that_o man_n be_v common_o not_o so_o addict_v at_o that_o time_n to_o their_o worldly_a riches_n which_o they_o be_v else_o to_o leave_v to_o their_o heir_n who_o often_o rejoice_v at_o their_o death_n nay_o they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o make_v a_o profession_n of_o beg_v among_o other_o trick_n crusade_n the_o pope_n do_v in_o the_o eleven_o and_o the_o follow_a century_n turn_v the_o croisadoe_n to_o their_o great_a advantage_n for_o in_o these_o expedition_n after_o the_o people_n have_v once_o receive_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n to_o assist_v in_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n the_o pope_n pretend_a to_o the_o supreme_a command_n and_o direction_n they_o take_v the_o person_n and_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o have_v receive_v the_o cross_n under_o their_o particular_a protection_n exempt_n they_o thereby_o from_o the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a cause_n and_o render_v their_o dispensation_n and_o indulgence_n more_o frequent_a and_o flourish_a than_o before_o the_o pope_n legate_n do_v dispose_v of_o such_o alm_n collection_n and_o legacy_n as_o be_v give_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o under_o the_o same_o pretext_n receive_v the_o ten_o from_o the_o clergy_n nay_o even_o pretend_v to_o put_v their_o command_n upon_o prince_n to_o receive_v the_o cross_n themselves_o these_o they_o employ_v afterward_o against_o such_o as_o be_v declare_v by_o they_o schismatic_n or_o heretic_n who_o possession_n they_o use_v to_o confiscate_v and_o bestow_v upon_o those_o who_o have_v prove_v serviceable_a to_o they_o without_o ask_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o sovereign_n who_o dare_v not_o but_o invest_v these_o with_o those_o country_n that_o be_v present_v to_o they_o by_o so_o high_a a_o hand_n §_o 18._o ecclesiastic_n no_o less_o do_v the_o number_n of_o ecclesiastic_n increase_v proportionable_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n because_o there_o be_v not_o want_v such_o as_o be_v willing_a to_o have_v a_o share_n of_o they_o without_o take_v much_o pain_n for_o it_o be_v not_o think_v sufficient_a to_o have_v a_o ordinary_a minister_n chaplain_n and_o other_o necessary_a for_o the_o exercise_v of_o divine_a service_n belong_v to_o each_o church_n but_o also_o each_o cathedral_n have_v a_o chapter_n of_o canon_n and_o there_o be_v great_a number_n of_o person_n of_o high_a and_o low_a quality_n that_o be_v forward_o in_o take_v upon_o they_o these_o profitable_a and_o in_o no_o way_n but_o then_o some_o function_n because_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o celibacy_n which_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o eleven_o and_o the_o follow_a century_n force_v upon_o the_o ecclesiastic_n not_o without_o great_a trouble_n and_o reluctancy_n be_v sufficient_o recompense_v by_o the_o honour_n and_o revenue_n which_o they_o enjoy_v quiet_o in_o their_o several_a station_n beside_o nuâ—â—_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o friar_n and_o nun_n settle_v themselves_o all_o over_o christendom_n this_o sort_n of_o people_n begin_v first_o to_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o great_a persecution_n but_o in_o the_o four_o and_o follow_a century_n do_v multiply_v their_o number_n to_o a_o prodigious_a degree_n in_o the_o beginning_n they_o live_v upon_o what_o they_o can_v get_v by_o their_o handiwork_n a_o great_a many_o use_v to_o give_v their_o good_n to_o the_o poor_a though_o voluntary_o and_o live_v under_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o bishop_n according_a to_o a_o discipline_n prescribe_v in_o the_o canon_n in_o the_o seven_o century_n especial_o friar_n and_o nun_n be_v much_o in_o vogue_n in_o those_o western_a part_n which_o be_v every_o where_o fill_v up_o with_o monastery_n and_o nunnery_n build_v by_o
be_v assassinate_v by_o ravillac_n 234_o henry_n iu_o emperor_n of_o germany_n 286_o his_o trouble_n with_o the_o pope_n 287_o his_o son_n rebel_n against_o he_o 288_o henry_n vii_o emperor_n of_o germany_n poison_v by_o a_o monk_n 294_o henry_n of_o valois_n duke_n of_o anjou_n make_v king_n of_o poland_n 342_o st._n hierom_n dream_n 387_o i._n jesuites_n send_v first_o into_o the_o indies_n under_o john_n iii_o king_n of_o portugal_n 90_o ireland_n conquer_v by_o the_o english_a 111_o john_n king_n of_o england_n 112_o loses_n normandy_n 113_o james_n i._n king_n of_o england_n 146_o the_o independent_o become_v master_n in_o england_n 158_o ireland_n conquer_v by_o the_o parliament_n force_n of_o england_n 160_o constitution_n of_o the_o irish_a nation_n 166_o jesuit_n banish_v out_o of_o france_n by_o king_n henry_n iu_o 231_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n in_o the_o netherlands_o 257_o the_o long_a inter-regnum_fw-la in_o germany_n 292_o insurrection_n of_o the_o boor_n in_o germany_n under_o charles_n v._n 299_o john_n casimir_n king_n of_o poland_n 349_o john_n pobeiski_n the_o present_a king_n of_o poland_n 352_o constitution_n of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n 369_o ignorance_n contribute_v to_o the_o pope_n authority_n 386_o cause_n of_o this_o ignorance_n 387_o ignorance_n of_o luther_n adversary_n 415_o the_o jesuit_n why_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o education_n of_o the_o youth_n 443_o inquisition_n and_o excommunication_n 445_o l._n lewis_n xi_o king_n of_o france_n 202_o his_o politic_a method_n 203_o lewis_n xii_o king_n of_o france_n 206_o conquer_v milan_n 206_o conquer_v naples_n 207_o loses_n it_o again_o 207_o lewis_n xiii_o king_n of_o france_n 234_o take_v lorraine_n from_o that_o duke_n 237_o lewis_n fourteen_o the_o present_a king_n of_o france_n 238_o be_v force_v to_o leave_n paris_n 240_o his_o difference_n with_o the_o pope_n 243_o his_o war_n in_o flanders_n 243_o 244_o take_v mastricht_n 245_o leopold_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o germany_n 305_o his_o war_n with_o the_o turk_n 305_o with_o france_n 305_o lithuania_n unite_v to_o poland_n 339_o luther_n give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o pope_n 412_o pope_n leo_n his_o virtue_n and_o fault_n 413_o luther_n oppose_v indulgency_n and_o afterward_o the_o pope_n power_n 414_o be_v favour_v by_o erasmus_n 416_o i_o will_v conduct_v of_o pope_n leo_n and_o cardinal_n cajetan_n 418_o why_o luther_n doctrine_n be_v not_o spread_v far_o 419_o laity_n debar_v from_o read_v the_o scripture_n 437_o the_o licens_v of_o book_n 444_o battle_n fight_v near_o leipzick_n 520_o battle_n fight_v near_o lutzen_n 524_o a_o second_o battle_n fight_v near_o leipzick_n 530_o m._n macedonian_a empire_n 8_o its_o fall_n 11_o massanello_n rebellion_n at_o naples_n 65_o the_o maid_n of_o orleans_n 200_o 125_o mary_n queen_n of_o england_n 139_o she_o restore_v popery_n 139_o marry_v philip_n of_o spain_n 140_o mary_n queen_n of_o scotland_n 142_o she_o marry_v bothwel_n who_o murder_v her_o husband_n 143_o she_o be_v make_v a_o prisoner_n in_o england_n 143_o be_v behead_v 144_o the_o merringim_a family_n lose_v the_o crown_n of_o france_n 178_o mazarine_n '_o be_v ministry_n under_o lewis_n fourteen_o k._n of_o france_n 238_o mazarine_n banish_v france_n 241_o and_o recall_v by_o the_o queen_n 241_o peace_n of_o munster_n 275_o 239_o mazarine_n death_n 242_o archduke_n matthew_n make_v governor_n by_o the_o netherlander_n 264_o maurice_n son_n to_o william_n prince_n of_o orange_n make_v stadtholder_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n 267_o mathias_n emperor_n of_o germany_n 300_o muscovy_n and_o its_o ancient_a state_n 361_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o muscovite_n 363_o their_o form_n of_o government_n strength_n and_o neighbour_n 365_o what_o commodity_n muscovy_n afford_v 364_o concern_v marriage_n 385_o metropolitan_n 390_o mendicant_n order_n and_o the_o motive_n to_o embrace_v this_o manner_n of_o life_n 396_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o regular_a clergy_n 397_o merit_n of_o good_a work_n 439_o marriage_n make_v a_o sacrament_n 440_o maydeburgh_n take_v by_o the_o imperialist_n 519_o n._n navarre_n conquer_v by_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n 46_o normandy_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n 108_o the_o norman_a race_n extinct_a 109_o navarre_n take_v and_o lose_v again_o in_o a_o few_o day_n by_o francis_n i._o king_n of_o france_n 210_o the_o edict_n of_o nants_n 232_o peace_n make_v at_o nimwegen_n 305_o 246_o 67_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o the_o netherlands_o 254_o their_o condition_n under_o the_o emperor_n charles_n v._n 255_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n in_o the_o netherlands_o under_o philip_n ii_o king_n of_o spain_n 256_o they_o be_v foment_v by_o elizabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n 258_o constitution_n of_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o 280_o their_o genius_n 281_o of_o their_o country_n ship_n and_o commerce_n 282_o 283_o their_o strength_n and_o weakness_n 285_o their_o form_n of_o government_n 286_o their_o defect_n 288_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o norwegian_n 328_o battle_n fight_v near_o noringen_n in_o germany_n 327_o o._n the_o original_a of_o civil_a society_n 2_o origin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o arragon_n 3â—_n the_o original_a of_o sell_v office_n in_o france_n 202_o siâ—ge_n of_o ostend_n 271_o order_n of_o friar_n and_o nunâ—_n in_o general_n 396_o p._n the_o persian_a empire_n 4_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n 8_o peace_n make_v at_o cambray_n betwixt_o charles_n v._o and_o francis_n i._n 213_o 49_o peace_n make_v at_o crespy_n betwixt_o charles_n v._o and_o francis_n i._o 215_o 52_o peace_n betwixt_o spain_n and_o france_n 53_o treaty_n at_o passaw_n 299_o 52_o philip_n ii_o king_n of_o spain_n 54_o his_o war_n with_o england_n 55_o peace_n make_v at_o vervin_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n 232_o 57_o portugal_n fall_v to_o spain_n 91_o 59_o philip_n iii_o king_n of_o spain_n 59_o philip_n iu_o king_n of_o spain_n 91_o portugal_n fall_v off_o from_o spain_n 64_o 92_o pyrenean_n treaty_n 242_o 65_o peace_n with_o portugal_n 66_o peace_n make_v at_o aix_n la_fw-fr chapelle_n 66_o peace_n make_v at_o nimwegen_n 246_o 67_o the_o phillippine_n island_n 74_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n and_o its_o origin_n 81_o the_o first_o project_n of_o sail_v into_o the_o east-indies_n 88_o the_o portuguese_n banish_v the_o moor_n and_o jew_n 88_o peace_n betwixt_o holland_n and_o portugal_n 93_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o portuguese_n 94_o a_o persecution_n raise_v on_o the_o christian_n of_o japan_n 96_o strength_n of_o portugal_n 97_o peter_n penny_n 101_o peace_n make_v betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o french_a 119_o of_o no_o long_a continuance_n 120_o another_o peace_n with_o france_n under_o r._n ii_o k._n of_o eng._n 170_o the_o powder_n plot_n under_o james_n i._o king_n of_o england_n 147_o pharamont_n the_o first_o king_n of_o france_n 175_o pippin_n proclaim_v king_n of_o france_n 178_o the_o parisian_a massacre_n 223_o pignerol_n buy_v from_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n by_o lewis_n xiii_o king_n of_o france_n 236_o peace_n of_o munster_n 275_o 239_o peace_n make_v at_o aixla_n chapelle_n 244_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n governor_n of_o the_o netherlands_o 265_o protestant_n and_o the_o rise_v of_o that_o name_n 298_o protestant_a league_n at_o smalkald_n 298_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o protestant_n in_o germany_n 312_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o its_o origin_n 333_o twelve_o vaivode_n or_o governor_n in_o poland_n 333_o the_o pole_n defeat_v in_o moldavia_n 346_o poland_n invade_v by_o gustavus_n adolfus_fw-la k._n of_o sweden_n 347_o the_o pole_n defeat_v by_o the_o cosack_v 349_o poland_n invade_v by_o gustavus_n adolf_n a_o second_o time_n 350_o poland_n invade_v by_o ragezi_n prince_n of_o transilvania_n 351_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o polish_v nation_n 352_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n its_o strength_n and_o weakness_n form_n of_o government_n its_o commodity_n revenue_n etc._n etc._n 353_o 354_o 355._o of_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n 368_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o its_o origin_n 386_o pedantry_n introduce_v into_o the_o school_n 388_o the_o greek_a and_o roman_a politician_n prejudicial_a to_o monarchy_n 388_o patriarch_n 390_o of_o the_o pope_n power_n 390_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o bishop_n 391_o how_o the_o pope_n withdraw_v themselves_o from_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o emperor_n 399_o the_o pope_n seek_v for_o protection_n in_o france_n 400_o the_o pope_n establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n 402_o the_o pope_n pretend_v to_o a_o power_n over_o prince_n even_o to_o depose_v they_o 404_o how_o this_o power_n be_v colour_v over_o 405_o the_o papal_a authority_n oppose_v and_o weaken_v by_o schism_n 407_o division_n among_o the_o protestant_n and_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o some_o protestant_n 420_o the_o university_n of_o paris_n 420_o the_o popish_a sovereignty_n recover_v 422_o popish_a clergy_n more_o regular_a and_o learned_a than_o before_o 422_o how_o
not_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o the_o benefit_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o government_n of_o the_o nobility_n they_o may_v easy_o have_v open_v the_o gate_n again_o to_o tarquin_n wherefore_o valerius_n papicola_n do_v strive_v to_o please_v the_o people_n especial_o in_o let_v down_o the_o rod_n or_o fasces_fw-la the_o ensign_n of_o authority_n before_o they_o and_o allow_v appeal_n to_o the_o people_n as_o a_o tacit_n confession_n that_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o rome_n do_v belong_v to_o they_o it_o be_v by_o all_o mean_v requisite_a if_o the_o nobleman_n do_v intend_v to_o maintain_v the_o new_o acquire_v authority_n to_o have_v a_o particular_a care_n of_o these_o two_o thing_n first_o to_o take_v heed_n that_o they_o do_v not_o exasperate_v the_o common_a people_n with_o their_o pride_n and_o second_o to_o find_v mean_n to_o maintain_v the_o poor_a sort_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v for_o remedy_n against_o their_o poverty_n and_o debt_n by_o disturb_v the_o public_a but_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v sufficient_o regard_v by_o the_o nobility_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n no_o write_a law_n at_o rome_n and_o the_o nobility_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o all_o public_a office_n justice_n be_v oftentimes_o administer_v according_a to_o favour_n and_o affection_n the_o poor_a sort_n be_v often_o though_o unjust_o oppress_v by_o the_o more_o powerful_a and_o because_o the_o citizen_n be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v in_o the_o war_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n at_o that_o time_n when_o little_o be_v to_o be_v get_v they_o be_v thereby_o miserable_o exhaust_v so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o remedy_n leave_v they_o but_o to_o borrow_v money_n from_o the_o rich_a sort_n these_o use_v such_o as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o satisfy_v their_o creditor_n in_o so_o barbarous_a a_o manner_n by_o imprison_v lay_v of_o they_o in_o chain_n and_o other_o cruelty_n that_o the_o commons_o quite_o put_v into_o despair_n unanimous_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o city_n neither_o can_v they_o be_v persuade_v to_o return_v before_o the_o senate_n have_v agree_v to_o constitute_v magistrate_n call_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v to_o protect_v the_o commons_o against_o the_o power_n of_o the_o nobility_n §_o 17._o rome_n this_o be_v the_o original_a and_o cause_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o two_o faction_n viz._n one_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o other_o two_o party_n of_o the_o common_a people_n the_o continual_a jealousy_n of_o which_o do_v afterward_o minister_v perpetual_a fuel_n for_o civil_a dissension_n it_o seem_v at_o first_o sight_n but_o equitable_a and_o of_o no_o great_a consequence_n that_o the_o commons_o may_v have_v for_o their_o head_n some_o who_o can_v upon_o all_o occasion_n protect_v they_o against_o the_o nobility_n but_o in_o this_o the_o noble_n do_v commit_v a_o grand_a error_n that_o they_o allow_v to_o the_o common_a people_n which_o make_v the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o city_n a_o protection_n independent_a of_o the_o senate_n make_v thereby_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o it_o be_v double-headed_n tribune_n for_o the_o tribune_n spur_v on_o by_o ambition_n and_o the_o hatred_n which_o be_v common_a in_o the_o plebeian_n against_o the_o nobility_n be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o afford_v their_o protection_n to_o the_o people_n against_o the_o nobility_n but_o also_o be_v always_o endeavour_v to_o be_v equal_a in_o power_n nay_o even_o to_o surpass_v the_o senate_n in_o authority_n and_o first_o by_o their_o continual_a contest_v they_o obtain_v a_o privilege_n for_o the_o commons_o to_o intermarry_v with_o the_o noble_n afterward_o they_o force_v also_o the_o nobility_n to_o consent_v that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n shall_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n they_o take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o power_n of_o a_o negative_a voice_n so_o as_o that_o no_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n can_v pass_v into_o a_o law_n without_o their_o consent_n nay_o and_o even_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o make_v law_n and_o to_o exercise_v the_o other_o act_n of_o sovereign_a authority_n the_o senate_n it_o be_v true_a to_o divert_v and_o employ_v the_o people_n continual_o engage_v they_o in_o one_o war_n or_o another_o that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o contrive_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o government_n this_o though_o it_o do_v very_o well_o for_o a_o while_n and_o the_o power_n and_o territory_n of_o rome_n be_v mighty_o thereby_o increase_v yet_o do_v arise_v from_o thence_o some_o other_o inconvenience_n which_o do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v towards_o the_o indisposition_n of_o the_o state_n for_o whereas_o the_o conquer_a land_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n whereby_o the_o city_n will_v have_v be_v free_v from_o a_o great_a many_o needy_a citizen_n the_o noble_n under_o pretence_n of_o farm_v the_o same_o take_v they_o into_o their_o own_o possession_n and_o what_o with_o these_o revenue_n and_o the_o great_a booty_n which_o fall_v in_o the_o war_n almost_o all_o to_o their_o share_n as_o be_v commander_n in_o chief_a the_o riches_n of_o the_o noble_n increase_v prodigious_o whereas_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o plebeian_n have_v scarce_o wherewithal_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o the_o commonalty_n be_v for_o these_o reason_n extreme_o dissatisfy_v with_o the_o senate_n there_o be_v not_o want_v some_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o other_o of_o a_o ambitious_a spirit_n who_o have_v take_v distaste_n at_o some_o transaction_n of_o the_o senate_n do_v under_o pretence_n of_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n make_v a_o considerable_a party_n among_o they_o though_o in_o effect_n their_o chief_a aim_n be_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o plebeian_n to_o carry_v on_o their_o ambitious_a design_n those_o be_v by_o force_n oppose_v by_o the_o senate_n it_o come_v quick_o to_o a_o civil_a war_n and_o they_o sheathe_v their_o sword_n in_o each_o other_o bowel_n §_o 18._o in_o the_o mean_a time_n powerful_a partly_o by_o the_o vast_a increase_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n partly_o by_o inadvertency_n of_o the_o senate_n another_o evil_n have_v take_v root_n viz._n that_o vast_a and_o rich_a province_n together_o with_o great_a army_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o government_n of_o some_o of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n and_o that_o for_o several_a year_n from_o which_o as_o it_o create_v in_o they_o a_o aversion_n to_o a_o private_a life_n so_o it_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o have_v whole_a army_n at_o their_o devotion_n it_o be_v not_o adviseable_a for_o any_o state_n whatsoever_o to_o let_v any_o of_o its_o citizen_n mount_v to_o that_o degree_n of_o power_n for_o he_o that_o have_v a_o potent_a army_n at_o his_o devotion_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o temptation_n but_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o sovereign_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o ambition_n and_o great_a power_n of_o marius_n silvius_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n do_v spur_v they_o on_o by_o intestine_a war_n to_o suppress_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o native_a country_n and_o after_o rome_n be_v quite_o break_v by_o they_o to_o introduce_v a_o alteration_n in_o its_o government_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o remedy_n leave_v against_o this_o evil_a after_o the_o citizen_n have_v once_o lay_v aside_o the_o respect_n due_a to_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o soldier_n have_v taste_v the_o sweet_n of_o the_o booty_n get_v by_o civil_a commotion_n wherefore_o this_o commonwealth_n at_o the_o very_a time_n when_o it_o be_v arrive_v to_o the_o pitch_n of_o its_o greatness_n it_o return_v again_o to_o a_o monarchy_n but_o not_o of_o the_o best_a kind_n where_o the_o army_n exercise_v sovereign_a authority_n monarchy_n augustus_n be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o this_o monarchy_n which_o he_o by_o his_o wife_n and_o long_a reign_n seem_v to_o have_v establish_v pretty_a well_o and_o true_o this_o new_a introduce_v form_n of_o government_n do_v for_o a_o while_o promise_v very_o fair_a since_o augustus_n assume_v only_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n and_o maintain_v the_o senate_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o great_a officer_n in_o their_o station_n take_v upon_o himself_o no_o more_o than_o the_o administration_n of_o military_a affair_n but_o in_o effect_n this_o monarchy_n be_v not_o found_v so_o much_o upon_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n as_o upon_o the_o power_n of_o the_o soldiery_n by_o who_o assistance_n it_o be_v introduce_v and_o maintain_v and_o because_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n can_v not_o brook_v to_o be_v command_v by_o one_o single_a person_n and_o be_v always_o for_o recover_v its_o former_a liberty_n the_o emperor_n leave_v no_o stone_n unturned_a either_o to_o diminish_v or_o quite_o to_o extinguish_v the_o splendour_n of_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n so_o that_o
to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o dissatisfied_a people_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o the_o king_n pursue_v his_o resolution_n and_o have_v ask_v the_o opinion_n of_o man_n skilled_a in_o the_o law_n who_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v allowable_a for_o the_o public_a benefit_n to_o levy_v money_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n he_o impose_v several_a new_a tax_n whereby_o he_o augment_v his_o yearly_a revenue_n from_o 500000_o l._n to_o 800000_o l._n beside_o this_o he_o lay_v a_o tax_n for_o maintain_v of_o a_o fleet_n which_o amount_v to_o 200000_o l._n all_o which_o cause_v great_a dissatisfaction_n among_o the_o subject_n against_o the_o king_n beside_o the_o king_n be_v think_v by_o the_o puritan_n to_o deal_v hardly_o with_o they_o and_o too_o mild_o with_o the_o papist_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o archbishop_n laud_n a_o man_n of_o great_a resolution_n who_o at_o that_o time_n apprehend_v that_o faction_n very_o dangerous_a both_o to_o church_n and_o state_n which_o be_v by_o the_o puritan_n interpret_v as_o if_o the_o king_n be_v resolve_v by_o suppress_v of_o they_o to_o introduce_v popery_n to_o insinuate_v this_o into_o the_o multitude_n abundance_n of_o libel_n and_o scurrilous_a paper_n be_v scatter_v abroad_o against_o the_o king_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v to_o inquire_v into_o they_o they_o be_v rather_o exasperate_v than_o appease_v by_o its_o severity_n §_o 26._o both_o nation_n be_v therefore_o full_a of_o discontent_n england_n the_o flame_n first_o break_v out_o in_o scotland_n for_o the_o king_n endeavour_v to_o root_v out_o puritanism_n there_o to_o establish_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o a_o uniformity_n in_o religion_n he_o order_v a_o church_n liturgy_n to_o be_v compose_v abrogate_a all_o presbytery_n class_n and_o provincial_a synod_n and_o enjoin_v every_o one_o under_o severe_a penalty_n to_o conform_v to_o the_o same_o there_o be_v a_o general_a insurrection_n raise_v by_o that_o party_n in_o scotland_n there_o be_v also_o another_o reason_n 1637._o for_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o reformation_n the_o revenue_n of_o a_o great_a many_o church_n benefice_n be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o without_o any_o remarkable_a advantage_n for_o they_o be_v let_v out_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o young_a brother_n of_o noble_a family_n these_o have_v find_v the_o benefit_n of_o they_o have_v by_o get_v from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o survivorship_n continue_v the_o same_o in_o their_o family_n and_o keep_v they_o as_o their_o own_o propriety_n nay_o they_o do_v more_o than_o this_o for_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o king_n james_n vi_o 1567._o they_o have_v obtain_v the_o title_n of_o lordship_n for_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o these_o or_o some_o lesser_a benefice_n join_v together_o king_n james_n afterward_o perceive_v 1617._o that_o thereby_o they_o have_v bind_v he_o up_o from_o reward_v such_o with_o these_o benefice_n as_o deserve_v well_o of_o he_o will_v have_v recall_v the_o beforesaid_a grant_n but_o meet_v with_o such_o opposition_n in_o the_o nobility_n that_o he_o desist_v from_o it_o 1633._o but_o the_o king_n undertake_v the_o business_n effectual_o employ_v the_o say_a revenue_n towards_o the_o augment_v of_o the_o salary_n of_o the_o clergy_n these_o therefore_o who_o have_v be_v loser_n by_o this_o revocation_n join_v with_o such_o minister_n as_o be_v mortal_a enemy_n of_o the_o liturgy_n do_v with_o all_o their_o might_n help_v to_o stir_v up_o the_o rebellion_n alexander_n lesley_n also_o who_o have_v be_v a_o commander_n in_o the_o german_a war_n and_o have_v refuse_v to_o serve_v under_o john_n bannier_n there_o be_v return_v into_o his_o native_a country_n in_o hope_n to_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o these_o trouble_n he_o put_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o rebellious_a party_n and_o by_o persuade_v the_o nobility_n that_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o take_v away_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n stir_v up_o a_o great_a many_o against_o the_o king_n and_o to_o make_v a_o fair_a show_n to_o the_o common_a people_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o religious_a cloak_n of_o conscience_n covenant_n order_v a_o directory_n to_o be_v compose_v by_o the_o minister_n quite_o opposite_a to_o the_o former_a liturgy_n they_o thereupon_o enter_v into_o a_o association_n confirm_v by_o solemn_a oath_n that_o they_o will_v maintain_v the_o same_o against_o all_o even_o the_o king_n himself_o this_o association_n be_v call_v the_o covenant_n which_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n a_o council_n be_v constitute_v unto_o who_o be_v commit_v the_o supreme_a direction_n of_o their_o affair_n to_o suppress_v these_o commotion_n the_o king_n send_v the_o marquis_n of_o hamilton_n into_o scotland_n who_o deal_v mild_o with_o they_o only_o encourage_v the_o adverse_a party_n for_o the_o king_n call_v a_o parliament_n in_o hope_n to_o remedy_v these_o disorder_n the_o covenant_n be_v by_o its_o authority_n confirm_v the_o episcopal_a authority_n quite_o abolish_v and_o puritanism_n establish_v in_o defiance_n of_o the_o royal_a authority_n there_o be_v then_o no_o other_o way_n leave_v to_o reduce_v the_o rebellious_a party_n to_o obedience_n but_o force_n and_o the_o king_n be_v in_o want_n both_o of_o money_n and_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o faithful_a subject_n he_o be_v force_v to_o make_v some_o use_n of_o the_o papist_n to_o obtain_v both_o wherefore_o he_o do_v not_o only_o raise_v a_o army_n wherein_o be_v some_o papist_n but_o also_o be_v assist_v by_o they_o with_o some_o sum_n of_o money_n all_o which_o however_o be_v in_o no_o way_n sufficient_a to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o the_o king_n and_o a_o supply_v be_v demand_v from_o the_o subject_n very_o few_o except_o the_o king_n servant_n and_o officer_n be_v for_o contribute_v any_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v divulge_v that_o a_o great_a many_o thousand_o of_o irish_a papist_n and_o german_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o king_n service_n to_o try_v whether_o by_o this_o way_n the_o subject_n can_v be_v frighten_v out_o of_o some_o money_n it_o serve_v only_o to_o exasperate_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n yet_o the_o king_n force_n may_v in_o all_o probability_n have_v be_v successful_a against_o the_o scot_n if_o they_o have_v fall_v upon_o they_o immediate_o but_o because_o they_o have_v leisure_n give_v they_o they_o do_v not_o only_o settle_v a_o correspondency_n with_o france_n and_o holland_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v supply_v with_o money_n and_o ammunition_n but_o also_o send_v their_o deputy_n into_o england_n who_o so_o well_o know_v there_o to_o represent_v the_o state_n of_o their_o affair_n that_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v by_o the_o english_a make_v a_o dishonourable_a agreement_n with_o they_o which_o nevertheless_o do_v not_o last_v long_o the_o court_n be_v ashamed_a of_o the_o agreement_n and_o the_o scot_n not_o trust_v the_o king_n france_n the_o king_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o intercept_v a_o letter_n wherein_o the_o scot_n have_v solicit_v for_o some_o officer_n and_o money_n to_o be_v send_v they_o from_o france_n this_o he_o hope_v may_v prove_v a_o inducement_n to_o the_o english_a to_o oppose_v the_o treachery_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o some_o supply_n of_o which_o he_o stand_v in_o great_a need_n at_o that_o time_n he_o call_z therefore_o a_o parliament_n scot_n the_o letter_n be_v read_v but_o to_o no_o great_a purpose_n the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v most_o of_o they_o puritan_n who_o be_v great_a friend_n of_o the_o scot_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o little_a while_n after_o dissolve_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n the_o king_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v prisoner_n in_o london_n the_o scotch_a commissioner_n who_o have_v subscribe_v the_o abovementioned_a letter_n whereupon_o the_o scot_n take_v up_o arm_n and_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o edinburgh_n the_o king_n have_v with_o great_a difficulty_n for_o want_v of_o money_n get_v together_o a_o army_n go_v in_o person_n against_o the_o scot_n but_o as_o a_o party_n of_o his_o army_n endeavour_v to_o force_v their_o passage_n be_v beat_v back_o with_o loss_n which_o augment_v the_o discontent_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o soldier_n for_o want_n of_o pay_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v by_o those_o county_n where_o they_o be_v quarter_v beside_o this_o ten_o thousand_o man_n which_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n for_o the_o king_n service_n be_v force_v to_o be_v disband_v for_o want_v to_o pay_n there_o be_v then_o no_o other_o remedy_n leave_v but_o to_o make_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o scot_n and_o to_o call_v a_o new_a parliament_n in_o england_n which_o begin_v to_o sit_v in_o november_n in_o the_o year_n 1640._o §_o 27._o but_o in_o the_o
session_n of_o this_o parliament_n king_n the_o ulcer_n which_o have_v be_v long_o gather_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n break_v out_o for_o the_o parliament_n in_o lieu_n of_o assist_v the_o king_n against_o the_o scot_n enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o they_o promise_v a_o monthly_a subsidy_n towards_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o scottish_a army_n which_o be_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o the_o english_a parliament_n command_n then_o they_o begin_v to_o reform_v the_o state_n to_o clip_v the_o king_n authority_n to_o punish_v his_o minister_n and_o servant_n and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o bishop_n liturgy_n and_o fall_v upon_o papist_n the_o better_a to_o obtain_v their_o aim_n they_o force_v the_o king_n to_o consent_v that_o he_o will_v not_o dissolve_v the_o parliament_n till_o all_o such_o as_o be_v criminal_a be_v punish_v and_o the_o state_n be_v entire_o reform_v in_o a_o word_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o liberty_n to_o sit_v as_o long_o as_o they_o please_v which_o in_o effect_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o royal_a authority_n to_o try_v the_o king_n patience_n and_o their_o own_o strength_n they_o bring_v the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n lord_n deputy_n of_o ireland_n to_o his_o trial_n who_o notwithstanding_o he_o make_v a_o good_a defence_n and_o the_o king_n do_v his_o utmost_a to_o preserve_v his_o belove_a and_o faithful_a minister_n yet_o the_o rabble_n of_o london_n then_o encourage_v by_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o make_v a_o insurrection_n he_o receive_v sentence_n of_o death_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o sign_n the_o warrant_n for_o his_o execution_n be_v oblige_v thereunto_o partly_o by_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o parliament_n partly_o by_o the_o insurrection_n of_o the_o rabble_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o partly_o by_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o earl_n desire_v he_o to_o do_v it_o then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o king_n minister_n go_v to_o rack_v some_o of_o they_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n some_o be_v imprison_v the_o bishop_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o star-chamber_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o the_o high_a commission_n be_v suppress_v the_o custom_n and_o power_n over_o the_o fleet_n be_v take_v away_o from_o the_o king_n some_o of_o these_o and_o some_o other_o thing_n which_o prove_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o he_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o grant_v they_o in_o hope_n thereby_o to_o heal_v the_o ulcerate_v mind_n of_o the_o people_n he_o go_v also_o in_o person_n into_o scotland_n where_o he_o grant_v they_o all_o what_o they_o can_v desire_v about_o the_o same_o time_n a_o horrid_a conspiracy_n break_v out_o among_o the_o irish_a papist_n who_o pretend_v to_o maintain_v the_o popish_a religion_n and_o to_o redress_v some_o grievance_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n which_o occasion_v afterward_o a_o most_o cruel_a slaughter_n at_o last_o it_o come_v to_o a_o open_a rebellion_n 1642._o for_o the_o parliament_n not_o cease_v to_o encroach_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o upon_o the_o royal_a authority_n begin_v the_o king_n resolve_v to_o assert_v his_o authority_n wherefore_o he_o summon_v five_o member_n of_o parliament_n who_o he_o accuse_v as_o traitor_n and_o author_n of_o all_o the_o difference_n and_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o take_v their_o part_n the_o king_n go_v into_o the_o house_n accompany_v with_o some_o officer_n and_o speak_v to_o they_o with_o a_o due_a resentment_n of_o their_o behaviour_n behaviour_n which_o however_o they_o make_v but_o little_a account_n of_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o his_o want_n of_o power_n of_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o betray_v himself_o when_o he_o immediate_o afterward_o condescend_v and_o come_v near_o their_o expectation_n the_o house_n of_o commons_o thereupon_o stir_v up_o the_o neighbour_a county_n and_o especial_o the_o london_n apprentice_n who_o make_v such_o a_o insurrection_n that_o the_o king_n not_o think_v himself_o safe_a in_o london_n retire_v into_o the_o country_n and_o the_o parliament_n order_v all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o seaport_n not_o to_o obey_v the_o king_n command_n it_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a error_n in_o the_o king_n that_o in_o such_o troublesome_a time_n he_o have_v not_o take_v care_n to_o secure_v to_o himself_o the_o seaport_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o may_v have_v hope_v for_o some_o assistance_n from_o abroad_o for_o when_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o fort_n and_o harbour_n of_o hull_n he_o be_v not_o admit_v so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v but_o that_o the_o parliament_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o take_v from_o the_o king_n the_o disposal_n of_o office_n but_o for_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o their_o intention_n be_v to_o abolish_v total_o the_o royal_a power_n and_o to_o introduce_v a_o democracy_n and_o after_o the_o king_n have_v once_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o bishop_n from_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n where_o they_o have_v six_o and_o twenty_o vote_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n have_v once_o absent_v themselves_o from_o both_o house_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o remainder_n quite_o to_o abolish_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n thus_o after_o there_o have_v be_v long_o contest_v by_o word_n and_o write_n betwixt_o both_o party_n the_o king_n now_o as_o well_o as_o the_o parliament_n begin_v to_o arm_n themselves_o and_o the_o king_n have_v at_o several_a time_n at_o first_o beat_z the_o parliament_z forces_z the_o parliament_n stir_v up_o the_o scot_n enter_v with_o they_o into_o a_o confederacy_n whereupon_o the_o scot_n come_v with_o a_o considerable_a force_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o parliament_n which_o turn_v the_o scale_n the_o king_n force_n be_v rout_v near_o york_n and_o he_o oblige_v for_o want_v of_o man_n and_o money_n to_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o scot_n prisoner_n who_o nevertheless_o do_v surrender_v he_o to_o the_o english_a for_o the_o sum_n of_o 400000_o l._n under_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v abuse_v by_o they_o the_o king_n be_v afterward_o carry_v a_o prisoner_n from_o place_n to_o place_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n §_o 28._o by_o these_o mean_v the_o puritan_n or_o presbyterian_o master_n have_v under_o the_o pretext_n of_o religion_n overthrow_v the_o royal_a power_n but_o that_o they_o can_v not_o long_o enjoy_v their_o usurp_a power_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o certain_a sect_n that_o call_v themselves_o independent_a because_o they_o will_v not_o depend_v on_o any_o certain_a from_o of_o faith_n or_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a constitution_n nor_o acknowledge_v any_o of_o the_o same_o whereby_o they_o open_v a_o door_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o fanatic_n to_o come_v under_o their_o protection_n these_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o particular_a holy_a zeal_n have_v not_o only_o get_v a_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o parliament_n and_o have_v be_v against_o any_o peaceable_a accommodation_n propose_v by_o other_o but_o also_o by_o their_o cunning_a insinuate_a way_n creep_v into_o the_o chief_a civil_a and_o military_a employment_n for_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o essex_n thomas_n fairfax_n be_v make_v general_n and_o oliver_z cromwell_z lieutenant_z general_n over_o the_o army_n the_o last_o of_o which_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o independent_o a_o sly_a and_o cunning_a fox_n and_o out_o of_o this_o party_n all_o vacant_a place_n be_v supply_v in_o parliament_n the_o presbyterian_o therefore_o perceive_v that_o the_o independent_o begin_v to_o be_v very_o strong_a in_o the_o house_n and_o that_o most_o military_a employment_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n propose_v in_o the_o house_n that_o one_o part_n of_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v send_v into_o ireland_n that_o some_o force_n only_o shall_v be_v keep_v in_o england_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v disband_v cromwell_n make_v use_v of_o this_o to_o stir_v up_o the_o soldier_n tell_v they_o that_o they_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v disband_v without_o pay_n or_o else_o to_o be_v starve_v in_o ireland_n thereupon_o the_o soldier_n enter_v into_o a_o association_n among_o themselves_o take_v upon_o they_o not_o only_o the_o military_a but_o also_o all_o the_o civil_a power_n they_o take_v the_o king_n from_o the_o parliament_n into_o their_o own_o custody_n pretend_v they_o will_v give_v he_o his_o liberty_n but_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n at_o discretion_n for_o they_o quick_o after_o break_v off_o the_o treaty_n with_o the_o king_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o subject_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v their_o tyranny_n take_v up_o arm_n be_v disperse_v by_o cromwell_n who_o also_o beat_v the_o scot_n that_o be_v come_v into_o england_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n make_v
year_n and_o the_o church_n benefice_n have_v be_v rather_o bestow_v upon_o favourite_n or_o such_o as_o pay_v well_o for_o they_o than_o such_o as_o deserve_v they_o furnish_v the_o pope_n with_o a_o specious_a pretence_n to_o make_v a_o decree_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o emperor_n be_v right_a to_o bestow_v bishopric_n or_o other_o church_n benefice_n upon_o any_o body_n but_o that_o it_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o pope_n the_o emperor_n be_v also_o summon_v to_o appear_v at_o rome_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n concern_v his_o mis-behaviour_n and_o in_o case_n of_o failure_n he_o be_v threaten_v with_o a_o excommunication_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o emperor_n have_v declare_v the_o pope_n unworthy_a of_o his_o office_n will_v have_v depose_v he_o so_o the_o pope_n excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n discharge_v all_o his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n due_a to_o he_o which_o prove_v of_o such_o consequence_n in_o those_o time_n that_o all_o his_o authority_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n at_o once_o among_o most_o of_o his_o subject_n whereby_o he_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o great_a extremity_n for_o most_o prince_n assemble_v at_o trebes_n where_o they_o depose_v henry_n which_o sentence_n however_o be_v so_o far_o mitigate_v afterward_o that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o pope_n decision_n henry_n therefore_o accompany_v by_o a_o few_o be_v oblige_v to_o undertake_v a_o journey_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o winter_n into_o italy_n and_o be_v arrive_v at_o canuâ—io_n be_v fain_o to_o stay_v three_o day_n barefooted_a in_o a_o coarse_a woollen_a habit_n in_o the_o outward_a court_n and_o in_o a_o humble_a posture_n to_o beg_v the_o pope_n absolution_n which_o he_o at_o last_o grant_v he_o but_o the_o emperor_n receive_v no_o great_a advantage_n by_o it_o for_o the_o italian_n be_v quite_o disgu_v at_o this_o demeanour_n of_o he_o which_o oblige_v the_o emperor_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o former_a authority_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o obedience_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n by_o instigation_n of_o the_o pope_n do_v elect_v radolph_n duke_n of_o swabia_n their_o king_n but_o the_o bavarian_o franconian_o and_o the_o country_n next_o adjacent_a to_o the_o rhine_n do_v remain_v in_o obedience_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n thus_o a_o bloody_a war_n ensue_v wherein_o radolph_n and_o the_o saxon_n be_v vanquish_v in_o two_o battle_n and_o in_o the_o three_o he_o lose_v his_o right_a hand_n and_o life_n 1084._o then_o henry_n call_v together_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o have_v depose_v hildebrand_n he_o cause_v another_o to_o be_v choose_v in_o his_o room_n he_o also_o return_v home_n himself_o and_o banish_v hildebrand_n but_o the_o saxon_n persist_v in_o their_o rebellion_n against_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v again_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o have_v first_o set_v up_o herman_n duke_n of_o luxenburgh_n and_o after_o his_o death_n ecbert_n marquis_n of_o saxony_n for_o their_o king_n râ—â—els_v but_o to_o no_o purpose_n they_o at_o last_o stir_v up_o the_o emperor_n son_n against_o the_o father_n against_o he_o the_o emperor_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n who_o the_o son_n meet_v and_o in_o a_o deceitful_a manner_n beg_v his_o pardon_n upon_o his_o persuasion_n the_o father_n have_v abandon_v his_o force_n and_o be_v upon_o his_o journey_n to_o the_o diet_n at_o mayence_n accompany_v by_o a_o few_o this_o ancient_a prince_n be_v make_v a_o prisoner_n and_o depose_v 1106._o he_o die_v soon_o after_o in_o great_a misery_n who_o in_o sixty_o two_o battle_n which_o he_o have_v fight_v in_o his_o life_n time_n general_o obtain_v the_o victory_n §_o 5._o v._n as_o soon_o as_o henry_n v._o be_v make_v emperor_n he_o follow_v his_o father_n example_n in_o maintain_v the_o imperial_a dignity_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o germany_n he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n towards_o rome_n to_o renew_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o nominate_v of_o bishop_n and_o to_o be_v crown_v there_o the_o pope_n paschal_n ii_o have_v get_v notice_n of_o the_o emperor_n design_n raise_v a_o great_a tumult_n at_o rome_n where_o the_o emperor_n be_v so_o close_o beset_v that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o fight_v in_o person_n for_o his_o safety_n but_o the_o emperor_n have_v get_v the_o upper_a hand_n make_v the_o pope_n a_o prisoner_n and_o force_v he_o to_o give_v his_o consent_n to_o his_o demand_n and_o this_o their_o agreement_n be_v confirm_v by_o solemn_a oath_n and_o execration_n yet_o no_o soon_o have_v the_o emperor_n turn_v his_o back_n but_o the_o pope_n have_v declare_v the_o agreement_n void_a stir_v up_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o bishop_n in_o germany_n against_o the_o emperor_n with_o these_o henry_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o very_a tedious_a war_n and_o perceive_v at_o last_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n leave_v to_o compose_v these_o difference_n he_o grant_v the_o pope_n demand_n by_o renounce_v his_o right_n to_o nominate_v bishop_n 1122._o at_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o worm_n which_o resignation_n as_o it_o great_o diminish_v the_o emperor_n authority_n so_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o strengthen_v the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n 1125._o this_o emperor_n die_v without_o issue_n he_o succeed_v lotharius_n duke_n of_o saxony_n saxâ—n_n who_o have_v for_o a_o rival_n in_o the_o empire_n cunrad_n duke_n of_o franconia_n who_o he_o quick_o oblige_v to_o beg_v fair_a quarter_n this_o emperor_n have_v twice_o undertake_v a_o expedition_n into_o italy_n do_v with_o great_a glory_n restore_v tranquillity_n to_o that_o country_n and_o because_o he_o use_v to_o flatter_v the_o pope_n he_o be_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o clergy_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1138._o after_o his_o death_n cunrad_n iii_o obtain_v the_o imperial_a dignity_n who_o be_v oppose_v by_o henry_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o bavaria_n and_o his_o brother_n wulff_n which_o occasion_v bloody_a war_n against_o he_o but_o peace_n be_v restore_v among_o they_o he_o undertake_v a_o expedition_n into_o the_o holy_a land_n where_o he_o undergo_v great_a calamity_n for_o though_o he_o fight_v his_o way_n through_o the_o saracen_n and_o arrive_v safe_o at_o jerusalem_n yet_o after_o he_o have_v lose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n without_o do_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n he_o be_v fain_o to_o return_v home_o but_o whilst_o he_o be_v busy_a in_o make_v preparation_n for_o another_o expedition_n into_o italy_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1252._o §_o 6._o frederick_n i._o i._n succeed_v he_o who_o by_o the_o italian_n be_v surname_v barbarossa_n duke_n of_o swabia_n who_o immediate_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o germany_n do_v afterward_o reduce_v italy_n under_o his_o obedience_n which_o however_o be_v not_o of_o long_a continuance_n for_o the_o milaneses_n quick_o rebel_v but_o be_v severe_o chastise_v their_o city_n have_v be_v lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n he_o be_v also_o in_o continual_a broil_n with_o the_o pope_n against_o who_o and_o his_o associate_n he_o obtain_v several_a victory_n yet_o be_v at_o last_o tire_v out_o with_o so_o many_o war_n he_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o especial_o since_o his_o son_n otto_n have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o venetian_n at_o the_o conclude_a of_o this_o peace_n it_o be_v say_v that_o pope_n alexander_n iii_o do_v set_v his_o foot_n upon_o the_o emperor_n neck_n which_o by_o a_o great_a many_o be_v take_v for_o a_o fable_n this_o emperor_n be_v the_o last_o who_o maintain_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o german_a emperor_n in_o italy_n last_o of_o all_o he_o undertake_v a_o expedition_n into_o the_o holy_a land_n against_o saladin_n the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n who_o have_v take_v the_o city_n of_o jerusalem_n he_o beat_v the_o saracen_n several_a time_n but_o endeavour_v to_o pass_v over_o a_o river_n in_o cilicia_n on_o horseback_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o intend_v to_o wash_v himself_o in_o the_o river_n he_o be_v drown_v 1189._o and_o though_o his_o son_n frederic_n after_o his_o father_n death_n do_v take_v a_o great_a many_o city_n in_o syria_n yet_o the_o whole_a expedition_n have_v a_o very_a bad_a end_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n together_o with_o the_o duke_n frederick_n have_v be_v consume_v by_o the_o plague_n vi._n or_o famin._n frederick_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n henry_n vi_o in_o the_o empire_n who_o with_o his_o lady_n constantia_n get_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n calabria_n and_o apuiia_n this_o emperor_n go_v to_o rome_n to_o receive_v the_o crown_n from_o pope_n celestin_n when_o the_o pope_n sit_v in_o his_o chair_n and_o the_o emperor_n on_o his_o knee_n put_v first_o the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n but_o immediate_o strike_v the_o
direction_n and_o presidentship_n of_o such_o assembly_n council_n whatever_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v debate_v there_o do_v at_o least_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n if_o their_o decree_n shall_v pass_v afterward_o for_o and_o have_v the_o power_n of_o a_o law_n or_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n in_o the_o state_n indeed_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n no_o more_o than_o the_o clergy_n can_v pretend_v to_o a_o right_a of_o introduce_v new_a article_n of_o faith_n or_o of_o explain_v the_o scripture_n according_a to_o their_o own_o pleasure_n nevertheless_o the_o whole_a duty_n of_o a_o christian_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o whole_a scripture_n which_o god_n have_v command_v to_o be_v publish_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n and_o not_o to_o be_v commit_v like_o sibylline_a oracle_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o certain_a priest_n and_o since_o other_o as_o well_o as_o the_o clergy_n have_v the_o opportunity_n to_o comprehend_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n it_o seem_v 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it_o this_o occasion_v great_a confusion_n in_o some_o council_n councilâ—_n from_o hence_o also_o the_o pope_n take_v a_o opportunity_n after_o he_o have_v set_v himself_o above_o the_o western_a bishop_n and_o council_n themselves_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o a_o authority_n to_o decide_v controversy_n even_o concern_v article_n of_o faith_n to_o introduce_v such_o canon_n or_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o the_o church_n as_o he_o think_v most_o proper_a for_o his_o interest_n and_o state_n and_o by_o pretend_v to_o the_o high_a jurisdiction_n to_o exempt_v the_o church_n from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n for_o when_o once_o this_o opinion_n be_v establish_v that_o all_o these_o matter_n do_v belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o clergy_n only_o without_o have_v any_o respect_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n the_o pope_n do_v pretend_v to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o same_o right_n by_o which_o he_o have_v set_v himself_o above_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o whole_a church_n §_o jurisdiction_n 12._o beside_o this_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o ancient_a christian_n that_o they_o very_o seldom_o plead_v their_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o admonition_n of_o s._n paul_n before_o the_o pagan_a judge_n but_o in_o case_n of_o difference_n among_o themselves_o they_o use_v to_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o bishop_n that_o by_o their_o contest_v they_o may_v not_o give_v any_o occasion_n of_o scandal_n to_o the_o heathen_n since_o it_o may_v seem_v unbecoming_a that_o those_o who_o make_v profession_n of_o despise_v worldly_a riches_n shall_v quarrel_v among_o themselves_o about_o the_o same_o this_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v very_o useful_a and_o praiseworthy_a at_o that_o time_n so_o because_o it_o be_v not_o abrogate_a but_o rather_o confirm_v afterward_o by_o the_o christian_a emperor_n though_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v then_o govern_v by_o christian_a judge_n the_o bishop_n afterward_o pretend_v to_o a_o formal_a jurisdiction_n which_o do_v not_o only_o derogate_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o temporal_a judge_n but_o also_o the_o bishop_n be_v thereby_o divert_v from_o perform_v such_o duty_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o their_o office_n there_o be_v also_o another_o custom_n among_o the_o first_o christian_n that_o if_o a_o scruple_n arise_v concern_v nearness_n of_o blood_n in_o marriage_n marriage_n they_o use_v to_o take_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o priest_n in_o this_o case_n and_o if_o any_o difference_n do_v arise_v betwixt_o marry_a people_n it_o use_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o the_o priest_n who_o at_o the_o time_n also_o when_o the_o nuptial_n be_v celebrate_v use_v to_o give_v they_o their_o benediction_n and_o pray_v with_o they_o this_o if_o in_o itself_o consider_v very_o good_a beginning_n furnish_v a_o occasion_n of_o great_a abuse_n afterward_o the_o pope_n have_v from_o hence_o take_v a_o pretext_n to_o subject_v all_o matrimonial_a affair_n concern_v divorce_n nullity_n of_o marriage_n succession_n inheritance_n and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o great_a consequence_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n who_o to_o render_v his_o pretension_n the_o more_o plausible_a do_v make_v marriage_n a_o sacrament_n beside_o this_o excommunication_n the_o first_o christian_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o recommend_v their_o religion_n to_o the_o heathen_n by_o a_o holy_a and_o innocent_a life_n especial_o since_o some_o sort_n of_o vice_n be_v not_o punishable_a according_a to_o the_o pagan_a law_n wherefore_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n if_o any_o one_o have_v give_v a_o public_a scandal_n by_o his_o vicious_a life_n a_o certain_a church_n penance_n be_v lay_v upon_o he_o which_o at_o the_o utmost_a do_v amount_v to_o this_o that_o he_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o christian_n which_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a so_o it_o may_v be_v of_o good_a use_n in_o a_o christian_a state_n provide_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n have_v the_o supreme_a direction_n and_o take_v care_n that_o such_o a_o censure_n be_v not_o abuse_v out_o of_o obstinacy_n or_o private_a end_n and_o passion_n especial_o since_o these_o censure_n have_v have_v such_o a_o influence_n upon_o civil_a society_n that_o in_o the_o eight_o age_n no_o body_n will_v converse_v with_o any_o one_o that_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o this_o power_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o absolute_a disposal_n of_o any_o one_o except_o to_o the_o sovereign_n if_o you_o will_v not_o divide_v the_o sovereignty_n but_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o pope_n have_v afterward_o abuse_v this_o censure_n and_o extend_v it_o even_o to_o the_o excommunication_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o whole_a commonwealth_n and_o by_o forbid_v the_o public_a exercise_n of_o divine_a service_n absolve_v the_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o bestow_v their_o kingdom_n upon_o other_o have_v force_v they_o to_o a_o compliance_n against_o their_o own_o interest_n be_v sufficient_o know_v out_o of_o history_n yet_o in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n these_o abuse_n do_v not_o grow_v up_o to_o the_o same_o height_n for_o the_o emperor_n at_o constantinople_n do_v at_o least_o so_o far_o maintain_v their_o authority_n against_o the_o clergy_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o pretend_v to_o domineer_v over_o they_o beside_o that_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n want_v a_o opportunity_n to_o set_v themselves_o one_o above_o the_o other_o because_o the_o bishop_n at_o constantinople_n have_v no_o other_o prerogative_n allow_v he_o but_o precedency_n of_o rank_n above_o the_o other_o without_o his_o diocese_n but_o not_o any_o jurisdiction_n §_o pope_n 14._o but_o in_o the_o western_a part_n the_o church_n afterward_o take_v quite_o another_o face_n since_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v project_v a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o a_o monarchy_n which_o by_o degree_n he_o bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o have_v not_o have_v its_o parallel_n ever_o since_o the_o memory_n of_o mankind_n it_o be_v found_v upon_o quite_o other_o principle_n and_o uphold_v by_o very_o different_a mean_n from_o other_o state_n the_o more_o influence_n this_o monarchy_n have_v have_v for_o several_a hundred_o year_n together_o upon_o the_o state_n and_o affair_n of_o europe_n and_o have_v be_v maintain_v with_o great_a zeal_n by_o one_o and_o oppose_v by_o the_o other_o party_n the_o more_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o while_n to_o dive_v into_o the_o first_o origin_n and_o constitution_n of_o it_o and_o to_o allege_v some_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o last_o age_n this_o monarchy_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o totter_a condition_n but_o have_v recollect_v its_o vigour_n in_o we_o from_o whence_o a_o wise_a man_n also_o may_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v what_o success_n may_v be_v hope_v for_o from_o the_o project_n of_o those_o who_o be_v for_o reconcile_a the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o protestant_n and_o papist_n wherefore_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o towards_o the_o increase_n of_o this_o monarchy_n so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n
the_o encouragement_n of_o prince_n and_o other_o great_a man_n that_o endow_v they_o with_o great_a revenue_n but_o when_o the_o charity_n and_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n seem_v almost_o to_o be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o great_a charge_n bestow_v upon_o so_o many_o rich_a monastery_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o contain_v all_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o enter_v into_o this_o sort_n of_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n the_o order_n of_o the_o mendicant-fryar_n be_v erect_v mendicant_n these_o make_v a_o great_a show_n of_o holiness_n because_o they_o will_v not_o be_v take_v for_o such_o as_o be_v forward_o to_o choose_v a_o monastic_a life_n to_o live_v in_o plenty_n but_o for_o such_o as_o have_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o bid_v farewell_n to_o all_o the_o pleasure_n of_o this_o world_n and_o at_o the_o best_a life_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o alms._n a_o great_a many_o have_v embrace_v this_o severe_a order_n out_o of_o a_o opinion_n of_o a_o particular_a holiness_n and_o merit_n which_o they_o believe_v do_v belong_v to_o this_o order_n or_o rather_o a_o ecclesiastic_a ambition_n the_o pride_n of_o mankind_n be_v so_o great_a and_o natural_a to_o some_o that_o they_o do_v not_o think_v the_o command_n of_o god_n sufficient_a but_o rather_o will_v receive_v heaven_n from_o god_n almighty_a as_o a_o desert_n than_o as_o a_o gift_n and_o be_v ambitious_a of_o have_v a_o preference_n before_o other_o even_o in_o the_o other_o life_n some_o there_o be_v who_o embrace_v a_o monastic_a life_n out_o of_o desperation_n some_o out_o of_o laziness_n a_o great_a many_o be_v by_o their_o parent_n and_o relation_n send_v into_o a_o monastery_n out_o of_o superstition_n or_o poverty_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o family_n by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o estate_n among_o a_o great_a many_o child_n and_o out_o of_o these_o friar_n the_o pope_n have_v choose_v his_o regiment_n of_o guard_n which_o he_o lay_v in_o garrison_n not_o only_o to_o plague_v the_o laiety_n but_o also_o to_o curb_v the_o bishop_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o clergy_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o pope_n do_v uphold_v the_o friar_n with_o so_o much_o zeal_n against_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o ten_o century_n especial_o when_o they_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n do_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o immediate_a authority_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o pope_n know_v so_o well_o how_o to_o handle_v they_o that_o though_o there_o be_v great_a jealousy_n on_o foot_n betwixt_o their_o several_a order_n as_o for_o example_n betwixt_o the_o franciscan_n and_o dominican_n they_o nevertheless_o keep_v so_o even_o a_o balance_n betwixt_o they_o and_o so_o equal_o dispose_v of_o their_o favour_n towards_o they_o that_o one_o order_n may_v not_o oppress_v another_o or_o that_o any_o of_o they_o may_v have_v any_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o pope_n partiality_n these_o friar_n also_o use_v to_o interfere_v often_o with_o the_o regular_a clergy_n clergy_n as_o pretend_v to_o a_o great_a share_n in_o the_o legacy_n and_o burial_n of_o the_o rich_a sort_n to_o the_o direction_n of_o conscience_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n from_o hence_o do_v arise_v a_o continual_a envy_n and_o hatred_n from_o the_o bishop_n and_o regular_a clergy_n against_o these_o friar_n who_o be_v uphold_v by_o the_o pope_n favour_n be_v not_o concern_v at_o their_o anger_n and_o therefore_o whenever_o any_o bishop_n attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o pope_n authority_n these_o friar_n with_o their_o clamour_n and_o noise_n pursue_v he_o every_o where_o like_a so_o many_o hound_n and_o render_v he_o odious_a to_o the_o common_a people_n among_o who_o they_o be_v in_o great_a veneration_n through_o their_o outward_a appearance_n of_o holiness_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o bishop_n who_o oppose_v the_o pope_n authority_n never_o can_v make_v a_o great_a party_n among_o the_o common_a people_n beside_o this_o the_o friar_n always_o keep_v a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o the_o action_n of_o the_o bishop_n give_v continual_a advice_n concern_v they_o to_o their_o general_n reside_v at_o româ—_n whereby_o by_o the_o pope_n be_v enable_v to_o oppose_v timely_o any_o design_n intend_v against_o their_o authority_n and_o these_o friar_n prove_v the_o main_a obstacle_n why_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o so_o effectual_o oppose_v the_o pope_n authority_n which_o he_o assume_v over_o they_o so_o that_o be_v destitute_a of_o mean_n to_o help_v themselves_o they_o be_v force_v to_o follow_v the_o current_n though_o it_o be_v also_o certain_a that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v with_o it_o as_o believe_v that_o they_o do_v participate_v of_o the_o grandeur_n of_o their_o supreme_a head_n and_o that_o thereby_o they_o shall_v be_v exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n which_o be_v more_o dreadful_a to_o they_o than_o a_o foreign_a jurisdiction_n exercise_v by_o those_o of_o their_o own_o order_n from_o who_o they_o have_v all_o the_o reason_n to_o expect_v more_o favour_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v also_o undeniable_a that_o a_o great_a many_o bishop_n especial_o among_o those_o on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_o bear_v a_o grudge_n to_o the_o pope_n authority_n to_o this_o very_a day_n which_o evident_o appear_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n where_o the_o french_a and_o spanish_a bishop_n do_v insist_v very_o close_o upon_o this_o point_n that_o it_o may_v be_v decide_v whether_o bishop_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o residence_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o jansenist_n as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o france_n and_o the_o netherlands_o the_o more_o refine_a sort_n do_v easy_o perceive_v what_o their_o intention_n be_v by_o make_v this_o proposition_n for_o if_o god_n have_v command_v they_o this_o it_o must_v also_o be_v a_o consequence_n that_o he_o have_v give_v they_o mean_n and_o instruct_v they_o with_o sufficient_a power_n qui_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la finem_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la media_fw-la and_o that_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n first_o and_o to_o purchase_v a_o authority_n to_o exercise_v their_o function_n the_o pope_n meet_v with_o great_a difficulty_n before_o he_o can_v surmount_v this_o obstacle_n at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n wherefore_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o this_o will_v be_v the_o last_o council_n since_o the_o pope_n will_v scarce_o hereafter_o put_v his_o grandeur_n to_o the_o hazard_n and_o the_o decision_n of_o such_o a_o assembly_n which_o also_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v of_o no_o further_a use_n since_o the_o jesuit_n and_o some_o other_o have_v teach_v that_o the_o pope_n be_v infallible_a and_o above_o council_n from_o who_o they_o ought_v to_o receive_v a_o confirmation_n and_o a_o bind_n or_o oblige_v power_n but_o let_v it_o be_v as_o it_o will_v the_o bishop_n be_v for_o their_o own_o sake_n oblige_v not_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o pope_n subjection_n since_o thereby_o they_o will_v fall_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v for_o protection_n from_o their_o sovereign_n who_o must_v be_v potent_a prince_n if_o they_o shall_v protect_v they_o against_o the_o pope_n wherefore_o they_o be_v now_o force_v to_o choose_v the_o least_o of_o two_o evil_n §_o 19_o it_o though_o the_o church_n be_v never_o so_o abound_v in_o riches_n and_o in_o great_a number_n of_o ecclesiastic_n yet_o be_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o pope_n if_o the_o intend_a to_o establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o any_o way_n dependent_a on_o any_o temporal_a prince_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v reside_v in_o a_o place_n which_o be_v free_a from_o all_o subjection_n to_o any_o civil_a 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they_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n who_o he_o install_v before_o they_o have_v take_v holy_a order_n iu._n and_o when_o the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o maintain_v his_o ancient_a right_n and_o title_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o stir_v up_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o estate_n of_o germany_n against_o he_o who_o make_v he_o so_o much_o work_v that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o resign_v his_o right_n of_o constitute_v of_o bishop_n the_o pope_n under_o this_o pretext_n do_v not_o only_o intend_v to_o exempt_v the_o bishop_n from_o the_o emperor_n jurisdiction_n but_o the_o main_a point_n be_v to_o make_v himself_o sovereign_a over_o italy_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o other_o prince_n submit_v to_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o design_n may_v have_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n consider_v that_o europe_n be_v at_o that_o time_n divide_v into_o so_o many_o principality_n and_o most_o of_o these_o prince_n be_v not_o very_o potent_a may_v 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subject_n excommunicate_v he_o and_o declare_v he_o to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o right_n and_o title_n to_o the_o empire_n and_o though_o his_o son_n the_o emperor_n henry_n v._o do_v endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o be_v forcible_o take_v away_o from_o his_o father_n and_o make_v pope_n paschal_n a_o prisoner_n who_o he_o force_v to_o restore_v to_o he_o the_o right_a of_o constitute_v of_o bishop_n yet_o be_v the_o whole_a clergy_n in_o europe_n so_o dissatisfy_v hereat_o and_o raise_v such_o commotion_n 1122._o that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o resign_v the_o same_o again_o into_o the_o pope_n hand_n much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v great_a dispute_n concern_v this_o point_n in_o england_n bishop_n which_o be_v compose_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o the_o power_n of_o invest_n of_o bishop_n but_o that_o these_o shall_v do_v homage_n to_o he_o 1107._o the_o last_o of_o which_o the_o pope_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o grant_v who_o will_v fain_o have_v have_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v quite_o independent_a of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o he_o express_o forbid_v the_o bishop_n in_o france_n to_o follow_v this_o example_n but_o king_n lewis_n vi_o and_o his_o successor_n do_v maintain_v their_o right_n with_o so_o high_a a_o hand_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v never_o able_a to_o establish_v their_o pretend_a right_n in_o france_n neither_o do_v the_o pope_n think_v it_o advisable_v to_o fall_v out_o at_o once_o with_o the_o emperor_n and_o france_n but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v more_o secure_a to_o have_v one_o at_o hand_n to_o uphold_v they_o against_o the_o other_o especial_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o weaken_v of_o france_n because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o near_o concern_v with_o that_o kingdom_n as_o for_o humble_v the_o emperor_n that_o be_v potent_a in_o italy_n and_o pretend_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n neither_o be_v germany_n so_o entire_o unite_v as_o france_n and_o most_o prince_n of_o europe_n be_v then_o very_o jealous_a of_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o join_v with_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o emperor_n under_o pretence_n of_o uphold_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n and_o papal_a chair_n it_o be_v true_a the_o two_o emperor_n frederick_n i._n and_o ii_o do_v afterward_o endeavour_v to_o restore_v the_o ancient_a imperial_a right_n but_o be_v not_o able_a to_o attain_v their_o aim_n especial_o since_o italy_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o two_o faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n and_o gibelline_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v for_o the_o pope_n the_o latter_a for_o the_o emperor_n which_o cause_v such_o a_o confusion_n in_o italy_n that_o the_o emperor_n can_v never_o afterward_o reduce_v italy_n to_o a_o entire_a obedience_n and_o because_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n ii_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v during_o that_o long_a vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n put_v into_o great_a confusion_n and_o disorder_n the_o succeed_a emperor_n find_v so_o much_o work_v in_o germany_n that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o look_v after_o italy_n whereby_o the_o pope_n have_v sufficient_a leisure_n give_v he_o to_o make_v himself_o sovereign_a both_o as_o to_o his_o own_o person_n and_o over_o the_o possession_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n §_o 22._o they_o but_o the_o pope_n not_o be_v contend_v to_o have_v attain_v this_o degree_n of_o grandeur_n quick_o set_v on_o foot_n another_o doctrine_n which_o be_v of_o far_o great_a consequence_n viz._n that_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o indirect_a power_n over_o prince_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o his_o own_o right_a to_o take_v care_n how_o they_o govern_v and_o manage_v their_o affair_n for_o though_o they_o do_v not_o express_o pretend_v in_o gross_a term_n that_o prince_n do_v depend_v on_o they_o in_o civil_a affair_n yet_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o 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see_v justice_n do_v to_o all_o the_o world_n it_o be_v from_o this_o pretention_n that_o they_o receive_v the_o complaint_n of_o all_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o be_v oppress_v nay_o they_o go_v further_o for_o they_o sometime_o take_v information_n concern_v the_o injury_n do_v by_o prince_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o concern_v some_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o the_o people_n whereby_o the_o people_n think_v themselves_o aggrieve_v which_o they_o forbid_v to_o be_v levy_v upon_o they_o under_o the_o penalty_n of_o excommunication_n sometime_o they_o use_v to_o declare_v the_o possession_n of_o such_o as_o be_v excommunicate_v forfeit_v expose_v their_o person_n to_o danger_n and_o release_n the_o subject_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n under_o pretence_n that_o the_o government_n of_o a_o christian_a people_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v to_o the_o management_n of_o such_o as_o have_v rebel_v against_o the_o church_n this_o have_v be_v attempt_v against_o a_o great_a many_o crown_a head_n and_o put_v in_o execution_n against_o some_o of_o they_o this_o abominable_a pretention_n as_o they_o persuade_v the_o ignorant_a be_v found_v upon_o their_o fictitious_a decretal_n upon_o which_o they_o have_v build_v their_o canon-law_n power_n which_o grant_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o unlimited_a power_n over_o christian_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o may_v as_o the_o common_a father_n send_v out_o his_o command_n to_o all_o believer_n and_o admonish_v they_o concern_v all_o such_o matter_n as_o belong_v to_o religion_n and_o their_o salvation_n and_o in_o case_n of_o disobedience_n lay_v punishment_n upon_o they_o for_o that_o the_o predecessor_n of_o gregory_n vii_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o this_o power_n they_o say_v be_v because_o the_o precede_a emperor_n either_o keep_v themselves_o within_o their_o bound_n or_o else_o the_o pope_n live_v a_o ungodly_a life_n to_o give_v specious_a colour_n to_o these_o pretension_n
they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o example_n of_o ambrose_n and_o theodosius_n they_o use_v to_o relate_v how_o the_o spanish_a bishop_n have_v oblige_v king_n wamba_n by_o way_n of_o penance_n to_o lay_v down_o the_o crown_n as_o also_o how_o the_o bishop_n of_o france_n have_v depose_v lewis_n surname_v the_o pious_a who_o afterward_o can_v not_o recover_v his_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o authority_n of_o another_o assembly_n of_o bishop_n they_o allege_v for_o another_o example_n how_o fulco_n then_o archbishop_n of_o rheims_n have_v threaten_v charles_n surname_v the_o simple_a to_o absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n if_o he_o make_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o norman_n who_o be_v then_o pagan_n they_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v without_o question_n that_o the_o pope_n power_n do_v extend_v itself_o beyond_o that_o of_o all_o other_o bishop_n since_o it_o be_v not_o limit_v by_o any_o thing_n except_o by_o the_o express_a canon_n of_o council_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o pope_n wherein_o nothing_o be_v contain_v against_o this_o power_n of_o depose_v of_o king_n and_o they_o say_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o they_o can_v have_v be_v forgetful_a of_o this_o point_n and_o because_o they_o have_v assume_v a_o power_n to_o give_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o a_o king_n to_o some_o who_o either_o prompt_v by_o their_o ambition_n or_o superstition_n have_v beg_v the_o same_o from_o they_o they_o suppose_v that_o by_o the_o same_o right_n they_o may_v take_v away_o the_o crown_n from_o such_o as_o they_o esteem_v unworthy_a of_o wear_v it_o they_o also_o have_v forbid_v to_o marry_v within_o the_o seven_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n and_o the_o four_o of_o affinity_n whereby_o they_o often_o meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o be_v troublesome_a to_o prince_n for_o because_o it_o seldom_o happen_v among_o those_o of_o so_o high_a a_o rank_n but_o that_o one_o side_n or_o other_o be_v within_o one_o of_o these_o degree_n they_o stand_v in_o continual_a fear_n lest_o the_o pope_n shall_v disturb_v their_o negotiation_n except_o they_o humble_o beg_v for_o a_o dispensation_n and_o in_o both_o case_n the_o pope_n know_v how_o to_o make_v their_o advantage_n of_o they_o last_o the_o pope_n have_v abundance_n of_o business_n to_o dispatch_v do_v thereby_o draw_v the_o best_a and_o most_o refine_a wit_n to_o their_o court_n who_o use_v to_o go_v thither_o to_o look_v for_o employment_n and_o to_o perfect_v themselves_o in_o the_o great_a school_n of_o europe_n these_o be_v always_o for_o promote_a the_o pope_n interest_n and_o design_n from_o who_o they_o expect_v their_o promotion_n beside_o that_o the_o whole_a clergy_n do_v adhere_v to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o supreme_a head_n pope_n boniface_n viii_o do_v clear_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v his_o meaning_n at_o the_o jubilee_n keep_v in_o the_o year_n 1300._o when_o he_o appear_v sometime_o in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o emperor_n sometime_o in_o that_o of_o a_o pope_n and_o cause_v two_o sword_n to_o be_v carry_v before_o he_o as_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a power_n §_o 23._o oppose_v but_o the_o pope_n can_v not_o long_o enjoy_v this_o unsufferable_a usurpation_n in_o quiet_a for_o it_o be_v so_o often_o call_v in_o question_n till_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o draw_v in_o their_o horn_n and_o to_o make_v their_o pretension_n a_o little_a more_o plausible_a it_o be_v true_a in_o the_o business_n with_o the_o emperor_n the_o henrys_n and_o the_o frederick_n they_o get_v the_o upper_a hand_n nevertheless_o they_o meet_v betwixt_o while_n often_o time_n with_o very_a indifferent_a entertainment_n and_o such_o thing_n be_v sometime_o publish_v against_o they_o as_o be_v little_a to_o their_o honour_n and_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v judge_v by_o those_o that_o be_v impartial_a that_o not_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n but_o their_o own_o grandeur_n be_v the_o chief_a aim_n of_o their_o undertake_n but_o when_o boniface_n iii_o pretend_v to_o play_v the_o same_o game_n with_o philip_n surname_v the_o handsome_a king_n of_o france_n he_o watch_v his_o opportunity_n so_o well_o and_o give_v he_o such_o a_o blow_n that_o the_o pope_n feel_v the_o smart_n of_o it_o and_o to_o avoid_v the_o scandal_n which_o the_o common_a people_n may_v take_v at_o these_o so_o severe_a proceed_n against_o the_o pope_n use_n be_v make_v of_o this_o pretext_n that_o what_o be_v do_v against_o his_o person_n be_v not_o intend_v against_o the_o vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ_n but_o against_o a_o pernicious_a person_n who_o by_o unlawful_a mean_n be_v get_v into_o the_o chair_n and_o that_o a_o general_a council_n ought_v to_o be_v call_v to_o free_v the_o church_n from_o his_o oppression_n but_o the_o ensue_a schism_n have_v prove_v the_o most_o pernicious_a to_o the_o pope_n authority_n power_n as_o also_o the_o double_a election_n which_o have_v be_v make_v at_o several_a time_n when_o the_o cardinal_n be_v divide_v set_v up_o two_o pope_n at_o once_o who_o use_v by_o turn_n to_o excommunicate_v and_o revile_v one_o another_o and_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o the_o chair_n be_v fain_o to_o flatter_v the_o king_n and_o acknowledge_v that_o they_o be_v behold_v to_o they_o this_o division_n be_v a_o evident_a sign_n that_o the_o election_n of_o these_o pope_n have_v not_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o holy_a spirit_n but_o be_v influence_v by_o some_o ill_a design_n and_o intrigue_n wherefore_o it_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o wise_a sort_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n neither_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o pope_n but_o that_o a_o new_a one_o ought_v to_o be_v choose_v which_o be_v also_o put_v in_o execution_n at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n the_o first_o schism_n arise_v according_a to_o my_o opinion_n in_o the_o year_n 1134._o or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o 1130._o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o honorius_n ii_o 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boniface_n ix_o in_o the_o year_n 1393._o put_v on_o the_o bridle_n by_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o s._n angelo_n and_o alexander_n vi._n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n be_v reduce_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o pope_n this_o pope_n have_v a_o natural_a son_n who_o name_n be_v caesar_n borgia_n but_o who_o common_o be_v call_v duke_n of_o valence_n from_o the_o dukedom_n of_o valence_n which_o he_o get_v with_o his_o lady_n charlotte_n d'_fw-fr albret_n the_o pope_n be_v very_o ambitious_a to_o make_v this_o his_o son_n a_o great_a prince_n in_o italy_n propose_v this_o expedient_a to_o he_o that_o he_o must_v drive_v out_o these_o petty_a lord_n which_o be_v then_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n and_o when_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o these_o place_n he_o will_v confirm_v he_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o they_o for_o ever_o he_o succeed_v very_o well_o in_o this_o enterprise_n have_v make_v away_o 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a_o opportunity_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o of_o these_o ample_a revenue_n nevertheless_o the_o same_o keep_v a_o great_a many_o prelate_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a chair_n who_o if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v afraid_a of_o lose_v their_o rich_a benefice_n will_v not_o have_v be_v so_o backward_o to_o side_n with_o luther_n party_n this_o be_v manifest_o to_o be_v see_v in_o france_n where_o both_o the_o prelate_n and_o common_a people_n have_v make_v no_o great_a account_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n before_o the_o reformation_n but_o when_o they_o see_v that_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a religion_n be_v for_o break_v into_o their_o quarter_n they_o agree_v better_a afterward_o with_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o commonalty_n be_v very_o zealous_a against_o the_o reform_a religion_n §_o recover_v 28._o but_o beside_o this_o the_o pope_n as_o soon_o as_o his_o adherent_n have_v recover_v themselves_o from_o their_o first_o consternation_n and_o his_o 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the_o same_o with_o venice_n but_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o wise_a head_n these_o difference_n be_v compose_v before_o they_o can_v draw_v after_o they_o any_o further_a ill_a consequence_n and_o the_o pope_n ever_o since_o have_v be_v sufficient_o convince_v that_o these_o hotheaded_a proceed_n be_v in_o no_o way_n suitable_a to_o their_o present_a condition_n for_o paul_n v._o do_v quick_o give_v fair_a word_n when_o the_o french_a ambassador_n make_v he_o believe_v that_o the_o venetian_n have_v send_v for_o some_o minister_n from_o geneva_n to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o reform_a religion_n neither_o have_v of_o late_a year_n sit_v such_o debauchee_n in_o the_o papal_a chair_n as_o alexander_n vi_o or_o such_o martial_a pope_n as_o julius_n ii_o be_v but_o of_o late_o they_o have_v endeavour_v to_o carry_v on_o their_o intrigue_n under_o hand_n whilst_o they_o in_o outward_a appearance_n pretend_v to_o be_v the_o promoter_n and_o mediator_n of_o peace_n that_o most_o scandalous_a trade_n of_o indulgence_n and_o that_o gross_a sort_n of_o simony_n they_o have_v set_v aside_o whilst_o they_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o cajole_v the_o people_n out_o of_o their_o money_n in_o a_o more_o handsome_a manner_n the_o bishop_n be_v now_o of_o another_o stamp_n heretofore_o and_o carry_v it_o on_o with_o much_o more_o gravity_n than_o before_o the_o time_n of_o luther_n nay_o there_o be_v now_o among_o the_o prelate_n eccellent_a and_o well_o qualify_v men._n the_o ordinary_a priest_n and_o monk_n also_o have_v be_v much_o reform_v in_o their_o manner_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o lay_v aside_o their_o former_a brutish_a ignorance_n luther_n and_o his_o adherent_n do_v at_o first_o gain_n mighty_o upon_o the_o people_n by_o their_o most_o excellent_a and_o learned_a sermon_n and_o by_o their_o book_n which_o they_o publish_v thereby_o to_o excite_v the_o people_n to_o piety_n prayer_n godly_a meditation_n and_o exercise_n both_o which_o the_o papist_n have_v imitate_v since_o for_o among_o they_o now_o adays_o be_v to_o be_v find_v most_o excellent_a preacher_n and_o very_o good_a prayer-book_n so_o that_o the_o protestant_a clergy_n have_v now_o not_o much_o to_o object_v against_o they_o as_o to_o their_o ability_n or_o outward_a behaviour_n they_o have_v also_o get_v a_o very_a good_a insight_n into_o all_o the_o controvert_v point_n and_o have_v a_o dozen_o or_o more_o distinction_n at_o hand_n against_o any_o objection_n for_o example_n whereas_o nothing_o seem_v more_o ridiculous_a than_o that_o the_o pope_n shall_v grant_v his_o indulgence_n for_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o year_n to_o come_v they_o know_v how_o to_o give_v this_o a_o fine_a colour_n by_o these_o distinction_n of_o intensive_a and_o extensive_a potentialiter_fw-la and_o actualiter_fw-la which_o relish_v strange_o with_o young_a student_n and_o the_o ignorant_a suppose_v they_o to_o be_v term_n full_a of_o mystery_n and_o because_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o hatred_n conceive_v against_o learning_n and_o learned_a man_n have_v prove_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o popish_a monarchy_n the_o popish_a clergy_n and_o especial_o the_o jesuit_n have_v since_o alter_v their_o course_n and_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o education_n of_o youth_n have_v pretend_v to_o the_o monopoly_n of_o learning_n among_o the_o roman_a catholic_n so_o that_o since_o that_o time_n learning_n have_v not_o only_o not_o be_v prejudicial_a but_o very_o profitable_a to_o they_o last_o convert_v they_o now_o adays_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o propagate_v the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n but_o the_o chief_a man_n among_o the_o protestant_n be_v entice_v to_o come_v over_o to_o their_o party_n with_o fair_a word_n great_a promise_n and_o actual_a recompense_n if_o any_o one_o who_o be_v well_o qualify_v will_v go_v over_o to_o their_o party_n he_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o make_v his_o fortune_n since_o the_o wealth_n of_o their_o church_n furnish_v they_o with_o sufficient_a mean_n to_o maintain_v such_o a_o person_n though_o his_o merit_n be_v not_o extraordinary_a whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o any_o one_o go_v over_o from_o they_o to_o the_o protestant_n religion_n and_o either_o have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o live_v or_o else_o be_v endow_v with_o extraordinary_a qualification_n he_o must_v expect_v nothing_o but_o want_n popery_n last_o of_o all_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n have_v great_o promote_v the_o popish_a interest_n when_o they_o drive_v the_o protestant_n out_o of_o the_o hereditary_a country_n in_o germany_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n and_o the_o country_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o late_o have_v do_v the_o same_o to_o the_o protestant_n in_o hungary_n except_o to_o a_o very_a few_o or_o else_o have_v force_v they_o to_o profess_v themselves_o roman_n catholic_n §_o pope_n 29._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v in_o what_o manner_n this_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n have_v extend_v her_o power_n over_o the_o western_a part_n of_o christendom_n but_o thorough_o to_o understand_v the_o whole_a structure_n and_o composure_n of_o this_o engine_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v sustain_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o consider_v the_o pope_n in_o two_o different_a way_n first_o as_o a_o prince_n in_o italy_n and_o second_o as_o the_o spiritual_a monarch_n over_o the_o western_a church_n as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o pope_n may_v be_v reckon_v a_o potent_a prince_n in_o italy_n but_o be_v in_o no_o way_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o other_o prince_n in_o europe_n dominion_n the_o country_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n with_o her_o territory_n situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n tiber_n the_o dukedom_n of_o benevento_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n vrbino_n and_o ferrara_n the_o marquisate_n of_o ancona_n several_a place_n in_o tuscany_n romaniola_n or_o flaminia_n where_o be_v situate_v bologna_n and_o ravenna_n in_o france_n the_o country_n of_o avignon_n belong_v to_o he_o parma_n be_v a_o fief_n of_o the_o church_n which_o paul_n iii_o grant_v to_o his_o son_n lewis_n farnese_n but_o since_o that_o time_n a_o constitution_n have_v be_v make_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o pope_n to_o alienate_v any_o fief_n or_o to_o grant_v any_o of_o the_o country_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n in_o fief_n to_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o to_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ecclesiastic_a state_n and_o that_o in_o case_n the_o revenue_n from_o abroad_o shall_v fail_v the_o pope_n nevertheless_o may_v not_o want_v mean_n to_o maintain_v himself_o and_o his_o court._n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v also_o a_o fief_n of_o the_o church_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n every_o
emperor_n justinian_n and_o rome_n and_o italy_n make_v a_o province_n of_o the_o grecian_a empire_n than_o it_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n take_v their_o opportunity_n to_o exempt_v themselves_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o emperor_n who_o authority_n be_v mighty_o decay_v in_o italy_n partly_o by_o the_o ill_a management_n of_o their_o governor_n at_o ravenna_n partly_o by_o their_o own_o weakness_n and_o want_n of_o strength_n for_o the_o lombard_n be_v master_n in_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o justinian_n ii_o one_o emperor_n be_v for_o ruine_v the_o other_o beside_o this_o some_o of_o these_o emperor_n be_v against_o the_o adore_a of_o image_n and_o leo_n isaurus_n quite_o eject_v they_o out_o of_o the_o church_n because_o this_o adoration_n be_v whole_o degenerate_v into_o idolatry_n and_o as_o to_o the_o outward_a appearance_n the_o saint_n be_v more_o regard_v than_o god_n himself_o this_o undertake_n be_v very_o vehement_o oppose_v by_o pope_n gregory_n ii_o who_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o image_n partly_o because_o the_o roman_a chair_n find_v this_o superstition_n very_o advantageous_a partly_o because_o the_o pope_n take_v it_o very_o ill_o that_o the_o emperor_n shall_v undertake_v a_o reformation_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n without_o his_o knowledge_n and_o consent_n and_o that_o at_o that_o time_n when_o he_o be_v busy_a to_o introduce_v the_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n in_o the_o western_a part_n partly_o also_o because_o he_o think_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n the_o better_a to_o obtain_v his_o aim_n he_o stir_v up_o the_o roman_n and_o italian_n who_o hitherto_o have_v be_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o refuse_v to_o pay_v they_o tribute_n and_o the_o governor_n reside_v at_o ravenna_n endeavour_v to_o maintain_v the_o emperor_n right_a be_v slay_v in_o a_o tumult_n whereby_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o power_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n be_v abolish_v in_o those_o part_n of_o italy_n and_o these_o country_n begin_v to_o be_v free_a and_o independent_a on_o any_o foreign_a jurisdiction_n §_o 20._o france_n by_o these_o mean_v the_o pope_n have_v free_v himself_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n but_o not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v threaten_v by_o another_o enemy_n who_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n be_v likely_a to_o prove_v more_o troublesome_a to_o he_o than_o former_o the_o emperor_n who_o live_v at_o so_o considerable_a a_o distance_n for_o the_o king_n of_o the_o longobard_n endeavour_v first_o to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o those_o part_n which_o be_v fall_v off_o from_o the_o emperor_n and_o afterward_o of_o all_o italy_n they_o have_v already_o take_v raâ—enna_n and_o there_o be_v none_o leave_v in_o italy_n who_o be_v able_a to_o stop_v their_o victory_n the_o pope_n be_v then_o hard_o put_v to_o it_o and_o know_v not_o where_o to_o seek_v for_o protection_n except_o of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o at_o first_o endeavour_v to_o finish_v these_o difference_n by_o a_o amicable_a composition_n but_o the_o longobard_n not_o be_v willing_a to_o rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o they_o resolve_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o maintain_v the_o italian_a affair_n they_o be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o to_o undertake_v this_o business_n not_o only_o because_o pope_n zachary_n have_v approve_v of_o the_o proceed_n of_o pepin_n who_o have_v abdicate_v the_o lawful_a king_n be_v from_o a_o grand-marshal_n become_v king_n of_o france_n but_o also_o they_o have_v thereby_o a_o opportunity_n offer_v they_o to_o make_v conquest_n in_o italy_n whereof_o the_o french_a nation_n have_v be_v always_o very_o ambitious_a pepin_n and_o afterward_o charles_n the_o great_a have_v be_v so_o fortunate_a in_o their_o war_n against_o the_o longobard_n as_o to_o conquer_v their_o whole_a kingdom_n they_o give_v to_o the_o papal_a chair_n all_o that_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o have_v be_v former_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o grecian_a governor_n there_o be_v some_o who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o to_o obtain_v this_o gift_n the_o pope_n make_v use_v of_o the_o fictitious_a donation_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a which_o in_o those_o barbarous_a time_n be_v easy_o impose_v upon_o the_o ignorant_a world_n beside_o this_o the_o french_a king_n have_v great_a obligation_n to_o the_o pope_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a reason_n and_o be_v also_o fond_a of_o acquire_v the_o name_n of_o pious_a prince_n by_o bestow_v liberal_a present_n out_o of_o other_o man_n possession_n for_o it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o common_a custom_n that_o man_n of_o all_o degree_n make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o outdo_v one_o another_o in_o liberality_n towards_o the_o clergy_n nay_o the_o prince_n use_v to_o grant_v they_o these_o possession_n without_o any_o encumbrance_n that_o thereby_o the_o ecclesiastic_n may_v be_v sure_a to_o enjoy_v free_a possession_n of_o what_o they_o have_v bestow_v upon_o they_o these_o extravagant_a donation_n be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o cause_n why_o the_o clergy_n afterward_o do_v labour_n with_o so_o much_o vehemency_n to_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n as_o fear_v that_o these_o extravagant_a donation_n and_o grant_n may_v be_v recall_v and_o declare_v void_a by_o their_o successor_n wherefore_o it_o have_v be_v always_o a_o maxim_n of_o wise_a men._n that_o prince_n by_o grant_v extravagant_a privilege_n and_o gift_n make_v their_o subject_n rather_o jealous_a than_o friend_n since_o those_o who_o have_v obtain_v they_o live_v always_o in_o fear_n that_o the_o same_o either_o in_o part_n or_o whole_o may_v be_v take_v away_o again_o employ_v all_o mean_n so_o to_o establish_v themselves_o as_o to_o be_v in_o a_o capacity_n to_o maintain_v themselves_o therein_o in_o spite_n of_o the_o prince_n those_o learned_a man_n who_o be_v of_o a_o impartial_a judgement_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o pope_n do_v pretend_v to_o exercise_v a_o sovereign_a power_n over_o these_o country_n grant_v to_o he_o by_o the_o french_a king_n but_o that_o the_o people_n refuse_v the_o same_o as_o be_v for_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n and_o think_v it_o very_o odd_a that_o the_o pope_n who_o be_v a_o ecclesiastical_a person_n shall_v pretend_v to_o be_v also_o a_o worldly_a prince_n when_o therefore_o the_o roman_n mutinied_a against_o pope_n leo_n iii_o he_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v for_o assistance_n from_o charles_n the_o great_a who_o restore_v the_o pope_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o pope_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n proclaim_v charles_n emperor_n whereby_o he_o be_v put_v into_o possession_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o governor_n at_o ravenna_n and_o the_o other_o remnant_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n so_o that_o the_o pope_n afterward_o enjoy_v these_o country_n under_o the_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o therefore_o use_v to_o be_v call_v the_o patron_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o church_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n iu._n §_o 21._o sovereignty_n but_o the_o pope_n begin_v at_o length_n to_o grow_v weary_a of_o the_o imperial_a protection_n because_o the_o emperor_n consent_n be_v require_v in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o pope_n and_o if_o they_o be_v mutinous_a the_o emperor_n use_v to_o check_v they_o and_o sometime_o turn_v they_o out_o of_o the_o chair_n to_o exempt_v themselves_o from_o this_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n over_o they_o the_o pope_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o employ_v all_o their_o cunning_a and_o labour_n before_o they_o can_v obtain_v their_o aim_n they_o use_v to_o make_v it_o their_o constant_a business_n to_o raise_v intestine_a commotion_n against_o the_o emperor_n sometime_o in_o germany_n sometime_o in_o italy_n thereby_o to_o diminish_v their_o power_n and_o authority_n the_o bishop_n especial_o in_o germany_n be_v always_o very_o busy_a as_o be_v dissatisfy_v that_o they_o be_v dependent_a on_o the_o emperor_n who_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o therefore_o join_v with_o the_o pope_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o set_v up_o the_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n iv._o furnish_v they_o with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n their_o design_n this_o emperor_n by_o his_o debauchery_n and_o ill_a management_n of_o affair_n live_v in_o discontent_n and_o continual_a broil_n with_o the_o estate_n of_o germany_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o gregory_n vii_o who_o be_v before_o call_v hildebrand_n a_o proud_a resolute_a and_o obstinate_a man_n get_v into_o the_o chair_n he_o begin_v to_o exclaim_v against_o the_o emperor_n that_o the_o grant_n of_o church-benefice_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o he_o since_o he_o make_v a_o traffic_n with_o they_o and_o sell_v